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Zhao L, Zheng K, Wan X, Xiao Q, Yuan L, Wu C, Bao J. Chinese traditional medicine DZGP beneficially affects gut microbiome, serum metabolites and recovery from rheumatoid arthritis through mediating NF-κB signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33706. [PMID: 39071566 PMCID: PMC11283109 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is globally treated with several commercially available anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, which pose adverse side effects in many cases. Due to increasing population affected by autoimmune disorder of joints inflammation, it is crucial to use natural therapies, which are less toxic at metabolic level and promote gut health. In this study, we investigated the potential role of a locally developed traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), namely Duzheng tablet (DZGP) in controlling the RA. For this purpose, we introduced RA in male mice and divided them into 5 different groups. High throughput transcriptome analysis of synovial cells after DZGP treatment in arthritic mice revealed a significant alteration of gene expression. The correlation analysis of transcriptome with metabolites revealed that DZGP specifically targeted the B cells mediated immunity pathways. Treatment with DZGP inhibited the cytokines production, while reducing the production of inflammatory TNF-α, which led to the alleviation of inflammatory response in arthritic mice. Additionally, we applied integrated approach using 16S rDNA sequencing to understand the microbial population in relation to metabolites accumulation. The results showed that DZGP promoted the healthy gut microbiota by maintaining the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota and introduction of two additional phyla namely, Verrucomicrobiota and Cyanobacteria. Therefore, it is concluded that DZGP offers an advantage over commercial drug by changing the metabolic profile, gut microbiota while exhibiting lower cellular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, 445000, Enshi, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Forest Seedlings and Wildlife Protection Management Station of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, 445000, Enshi, China
| | - Xiaolin Wan
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, 445000, Enshi, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, 445000, Enshi, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, 445000, Enshi, China
| | - Chuanfang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinku Bao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
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Jia Z, Zhang J, Yang X, Chen H, Wang Y, Francis OB, Li Y, Liu Z, Zhang S, Wang Q. Bioactive components and potential mechanisms of Biqi Capsule in the treatment of osteoarthritis: based on chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1347970. [PMID: 38694911 PMCID: PMC11061359 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1347970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage damage and synovial inflammation are vital pathological changes in osteoarthritis (OA). Biqi Capsule, a traditional Chinese medicine formula used for the clinical treatment of arthritis in China, yields advantages in attenuating OA progression. The drawback here is that the bioactive components and pharmacological mechanisms by which Biqi Capsule exerts its anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects have yet to be fully clarified. For in vivo studies, a papain-induced OA rat model was established to explore the pharmacological effects and potential mechanisms of Biqi Capsule against OA. Biqi Capsule alleviated articular cartilage degeneration and chondrocyte damage in OA rats and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in synovial tissue. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the primary biological processes regulated by Biqi Capsule are inflammation and oxidative stress, and the critical pathway regulated is the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The result of this analysis was later verified on SW1353 cells. The in vitro studies demonstrated that Glycyrrhizic Acid and Liquiritin in Biqi Capsule attenuated H2O2-stimulated SW1353 chondrocyte damage via activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Moreover, Biqi Capsule alleviated inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages via the NF-κB/IL-6 pathway. These observations were suggested to have been facilitated by Brucine, Liquiritin, Salvianolic Acid B, Glycyrrhizic Acid, Cryptotanshinone, and Tanshinone ⅡA. Put together, this study partially clarifies the pharmacological mechanisms and the bioactive components of Biqi capsules against OA and suggests that it is a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of OA. Chemical compounds studied in this article. Strychnine (Pubchem CID:441071); Brucine (Pubchem CID:442021); Liquiritin (Pubchem CID:503737); Salvianolic Acid B (Pubchem CID:6451084); Glycyrrhizic Acid (Pubchem CID:14982); Cryptotanshinone (Pubchem CID:160254); Tanshinone ⅡA (Pubchem CID:164676).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Jia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiyou Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Opoku Bonsu Francis
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanchao Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhanbiao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaozhuo Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Zheng Q, Du L, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Piao S, Wang Y, Pan Z. Mechanism of Rhodiola rosea-Euonymus alatus drug pair against rheumatoid arthritis: Network pharmacology and experimental validation. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1127. [PMID: 38156377 PMCID: PMC10750436 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to explore the potential components and mechanisms of Rhodiola rosea-Euonymus alatus drug pair (TY) that ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS The main active components, core targets, and important pathways of TY against RA were predicted by network pharmacology analysis. The binding activity between the main active components and the core targets was verified by the molecular docking technique. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced fibroblast-like synovial cells in human RA (HFLS-RA) model were established, respectively. The core targets were verified by cell counting kit-8 assay, hematoxylin eosin, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis, and the therapeutic effect of TY was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 18 possible components and 34 core targets were obtained by network pharmacology, among which inflammatory response, phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)-AKT and MAPK pathways were involved in the therapeutic effect of TY on RA. The results of molecular docking showed that kaempferol and quercetin had high binding affinity to interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9, and TNF-α. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that TY dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of HFLS-RA cells induced by TNF-α, and significantly reduced the paw swelling and arthritis scores in CIA rats. At the same time, TY inhibited the production of inflammatory factors in CIA rat serum and TNF-α-induced HFLS-RA cells. It also decreased the expression of PI3K, phospho-protein kinase B, MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, and increased the protein and mRNA levels of tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP)1 in synovial tissue. CONCLUSION TY can inhibit the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and regulate the balance between MMPs and TIMP, thus playing a therapeutic role in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu‐han Zheng
- Jilin Ginseng AcademyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lian‐yun Du
- Jilin Ginseng AcademyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Clinical College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Jilin Ginseng AcademyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Song‐lan Piao
- Clinical Medical SchoolChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ying‐hang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Pan
- Jilin Ginseng AcademyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunPeople's Republic of China
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Chen WJ, Livneh H, Li HH, Wang YH, Lu MC, Tsai TY, Chien KY. Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine Was Related to Lower Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Sarcopenia Patients: Evidence from Population-Based Health Claims. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3345-3354. [PMID: 37576913 PMCID: PMC10417589 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s416705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction With population aging, sarcopenia and its accompanying risk of osteoporotic fracture has drawn increased attention. Nowadays, while Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is often used as complementary therapy for many medical conditions, its effect against likelihood of osteoporotic fracture among sarcopenia subjects was not fully elucidated yet. We therefore conducted a population-level study to compare osteoporotic fracture risk for sarcopenia persons with or without CHM use. Methods Using the patient record from a nationwide insurance database, we recruited persons with newly diagnosed sarcopenia and simultaneously free of osteoporotic fracture between 2000 and 2010. Propensity score matching was then applied to randomly select sets of CHM users and non-CHM users. All of them were tracked until end of 2013 to measure the incidence and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for new new-onset fracture in multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. Results Compared to non-CHM users, the CHM users indeed had a lower incidence of osteoporotic fracture (121.22 vs 156.61 per 1000 person-years). Use of CHM correlated significantly with a lower fracture likelihood after adjusting for potential covariates, and those receiving CHM treatment for more than two years experienced a remarkably lower risk by 73%. Uses of several herbal formulae were correlated to reduced risk of osteoporotic fracture, such as Caulis Spatholobi, Xuduan, Duzhong, Danshen, Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang, Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang, Shao-Yao-Gan-Cao-Tang, and Shen-Tong-Zhu-Yu -Tang. Conclusion Our study depicted that cumulative CHM exposure was inversely associated with osteoporotic fracture risk in a duration-dependent manner, implying that CHM treatment may be embraced as routine care in preventing incident osteoporotic fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, 33301, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
- Center of Sports Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Hanoch Livneh
- Rehabilitation Counseling Program, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97207-0751, USA
| | - Hsin-Hua Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Center of Sports Medicine, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chi Lu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yi Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Yu Chien
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, 33301, Taiwan
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Wang H, Yan Y, Pathak JL, Hong W, Zeng J, Qian D, Hao B, Li H, Gu J, Jaspers RT, Wu G, Shao M, Peng G, Lan H. Quercetin prevents osteoarthritis progression possibly via regulation of local and systemic inflammatory cascades. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:515-528. [PMID: 36722313 PMCID: PMC9930437 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of effective treatments, osteoarthritis (OA) remains a challenge for clinicians. Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, has shown potent anti-inflammatory effects. However, its effect on preventing OA progression and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into five groups: control group, OA group (monosodium iodoacetate intra-articular injection), and three quercetin-treated groups. Quercetin-treated groups were treated with intragastric quercetin once a day for 28 days. Gross observation and histopathological analysis showed cartilage degradation and matrix loss in the OA group. High-dose quercetin-group joints showed failure in OA progression. High-dose quercetin inhibited the OA-induced expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5 and promoted the OA-reduced expression of aggrecan and collagen II. Levels of most inflammatory cytokines and growth factors tested in synovial fluid and serum were upregulated in the OA group and these increases were reversed by high-dose quercetin. Similarly, subchondral trabecular bone was degraded in the OA group and this effect was reversed in the high-dose quercetin group. Our findings indicate that quercetin has a protective effect against OA development and progression possibly via maintaining the inflammatory cascade homeostasis. Therefore, quercetin could be a potential therapeutic agent to prevent OA progression in risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Yongyong Yan
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Janak L. Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina,GMU‐GIBH Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Zeng
- Liwan Central Hospital of GuangzhouGuangzhouChina
| | - Dongyang Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical University/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant MaterialsGuangzhouChina
| | - Binwei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune HospitalShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTaiyuanChina
| | - Haiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jinlan Gu
- GMU‐GIBH Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Richard T. Jaspers
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ming Shao
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Gongyong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Haifeng Lan
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Metabonomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to study the therapeutic mechanism of Danggui Sini decoction on collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis rats with Cold Bi syndrome. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 222:115109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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Wu J, Wang K, Liu Q, Li Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Cai J, Yin C, Li X, Yu H, Meng W, Wang H, Lu A, Li Y, Guan D. An Integrative Pharmacology Model for Decoding the Underlying Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ermiao Powder for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:801350. [PMID: 35281924 PMCID: PMC8905663 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.801350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a systemic inflammatory arthritis disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is complex and hereditary. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has evident advantages in treating complex diseases, and a variety of TCM formulas have been reported that have effective treatment on RA. Clinical and pharmacological studies showed that Ermiao Powder, which consists of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. (PAR) and Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (ALD), can be used in the treatment of RA. Currently, most studies focus on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of PAR and ALD and are less focused on their coordinated molecular mechanism. In this research, we established an integrative pharmacological strategy to explore the coordinated molecular mechanism of the two herbs of Ermiao Powder in treating RA. To explore the potential coordinated mechanism of PAR and ALD, we firstly developed a novel mathematical model to calculate the contribution score of 126 active components and 85 active components, which contributed 90% of the total contribution scores that were retained to construct the coordinated functional space. Then, the knapsack algorithm was applied to identify the core coordinated functional components from the 85 active components. Finally, we obtained the potential coordinated functional components group (CFCG) with 37 components, including wogonin, paeonol, ethyl caffeate, and magnoflorine. Also, functional enrichment analysis was performed on the targets of CFCG to explore the potential coordinated molecular mechanisms of PAR and ALD. The results indicated that the CFCG could treat RA by coordinated targeting to the genes involved in immunity and inflammation-related signal pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway. The docking and in vitro experiments were used to predict the affinity and validate the effect of CFCG and further confirm the reliability of our method. Our integrative pharmacological strategy, including CFCG identification and verification, can provide the methodological references for exploring the coordinated mechanism of TCM in treating complex diseases and contribute to improving our understanding of the coordinated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Neurosurgery Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinwen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieqi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanhui Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Handuo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yazi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daogang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
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Dong X, Zhang Q, Zeng F, Cai M, Ding D. The protective effect of gentisic acid on rheumatoid arthritis via the RAF/ERK signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:109. [PMID: 35184721 PMCID: PMC8859882 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RAF and ERK pathways are known to be activated in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), which play an important role in the pathogenesis and destruction of RA. Gentisic acid (GA) was a natural product derived from plants, which has been reported can attenuate pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice through inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway. Whether GA can inhibit the occurrence and development of RA through RAF/ERK signaling pathway has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to determine whether GA may have a certain therapeutic effect on RA-FLS. Method Bovine type II collagen was used to establish a rat model of rheumatism. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect inflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory mediators, and rheumatoid factor. Hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining were used to detect the effect of GA on histochemical with rheumatoid arthritis. RAF, ERK, and p-ERK expressions in synovial tissue were measured by western blot and immunohistochemical. Besides, human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes cell line MH7A was used to investigate the biological behavior influenced by GA. Apoptosis assay was performed to detect apoptosis of GA on MH7A cells. Transwell invasion assay was performed to detect the ability of cell migration. Result The result showed that GA could reduce joint swelling and inflammation. At the same time, it can also promote the apoptosis of synovial cells and down-regulate the RAF/ERK pathway. Conclusion GA may ameliorate inflammatory factors’ abnormality, synovial hyperplasia, and apoptosis of synovium via inhibiting the RAF/ERK signaling pathway.
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LI ZD, QI FY, LI F. Integrating 16S sequencing and metabolomics study on anti-rheumatic mechanisms against collagen-induced arthritis of Wantong Jingu Tablet. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:120-132. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Liao HH, Livneh H, Chung YJ, Lin CH, Lai NS, Yen HR, Tsai TY. A Comparison of the Risk of Fracture in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with and without Receiving Chinese Herbal Medicine. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:3399-3409. [PMID: 34934326 PMCID: PMC8684401 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s334134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often suffer from bone complications due to persistent joint inflammation, especially incident fracture. Nowadays, Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have provided safe and effective therapy for treating skeletal conditions, but it is unclear whether CHMs can prevent fracture onset among RA individuals. This study aimed to determine the association between the use of CHMs and the risk of fracture among them. Methods This retrospective, population-based study retrieved administrative health data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) database to identify patients with newly diagnosed RA between 2000 and 2009. Of the 6178 incident RA patients, 2495 matched pairs of CHMs users and non-CHMs users were identified by propensity score matching. Enrollees with hip fractures prior to RA onset were excluded. Included subjects were followed until the end of 2013. Incidence and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of new-onset bone fracture in the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model were measured with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Fracture incidence was lower in CHMs users than in the comparison cohort (26.91 vs 32.94 per 1000 person-years, respectively), with an adjusted HR of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.92). Subjects receiving CHMs for more than 2 years had a much lower risk of fracture onset by more than 50%. Some CHMs prescriptions (Yan Hu Suo, Bei Mu, Da Huang, Dang Shen, Fu-Zi, Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang, Dang-Gui-Nian-Tong-Tang, Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San, Gan-Lu-Yin, and Gui-Zhi-Shao-Yao-Zhi-Mu-Tang) were associated with reduced fracture risk. Conclusion Adding CHMs to routine treatment was found to be related to lower fracture risk in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Hsun Liao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Dalin Township, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Hanoch Livneh
- Rehabilitation Counseling Program, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97207-0751, USA
| | - Yu-Jung Chung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Dalin Township, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsing Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Sheng Lai
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yi Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 62247, Taiwan.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
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Lin L, Gu X, Chen L, Zhang T, Wang C, Wang Z, You Q, Ji L. Study on the alleviation of Fengshi Gutong capsule on rheumatoid arthritis through integrating network pharmacology and experimental exploration. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114471. [PMID: 34329717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fengshi Gutong (FSGT) capsule, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has effects including warming meridians and dispersing cold, and relieving pain by dredging collaterals. FSGT is generally used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in clinic in China. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the alleviation provided by FSGT capsule on RA in vivo and the engaged mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model was used to evaluate the alleviation of FSGT capsule on RA in vivo. Network pharmacology was used to find the potential involved molecular targets. Western-blot, Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted. Wound healing assay was performed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS FSGT capsule (300, 900 mg/kg) alleviated RA in CIA mice with no obvious side effects. The results from network pharmacology showed that the top 6 molecular targets involved in the FSGT-provided alleviation on RA were interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and these results imply the critical participation of inhibiting inflammation or angiogenesis. Next, FSGT capsule decreased the elevated serum contents of rheumatoid factor (RF) and VEGF, and some pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNFα and IL-6. Moreover, FSGT capsule also reduced the elevated protein expression of ICAM1, IL-1β and phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) in synovium from CIA mice. Further in vitro results showed that totally 13 compounds from FSGT reduced the enhanced IL-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression in RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Meanwhile, 7 compounds from FSGT decreased the VEGF-induced HUVEC migration. Among those compounds, benzoylhypaconine (BHA), pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE), glycyrrhetnic acid (GA), isoliquiritigenin (ISL), quercetin (QUER) and kaempferol (KAE) were found to inhibit both inflammation and angiogenesis in vitro. CONCLUSION FSGT capsule ameliorates RA in CIA mice by reducing inflammation, abrogating angiogenesis and relieving pain. Some compounds in FSGT, including BHA, GA, PSE, ISL, QUER and KAE, reduced both inflammation and angiogenesis in vitro, which suggests that those compounds may contribute to the FSGT capsule-provided alleviation on RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xinnan Gu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Liangni Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Changhong Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qingling You
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Efficacy and Safety of Qiwei Tongbi Oral Liquid in Patients with Stable Long-Standing Rheumatoid Arthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3930800. [PMID: 34725638 PMCID: PMC8557082 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3930800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Our study is aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of Qiwei Tongbi oral liquid in patients with stable long-standing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method 140 patients with stable long-standing RA were recruited into the Qiwei Tongbi oral liquid group or the control group. At study recruitment and after 12 weeks of treatment, their C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), visual analogue scale (VAS), and Disease Activity Score (DAS) 28 were compared in two groups. Results Patients in the Qiwei Tongbi oral liquid group had a lower level of CRP, IL-6, VAS scale, and HAQ score compared to patients in the control group (CRP: 3.51 ± 1.57 vs.5.47 ± 1.72 mg/L, P < 0.001; IL-6: 1.62 ± 0.8 vs. 2.19 ± 0.88 pg/mL, P < 0.001; VAS scale: 1.59 ± 0.69 vs. 2.66 ± 1.02, P < 0.001; and HAQ score: 1.19 ± 0.46 vs. 1.41 ± 0.50, P = 0.005). The ESR and DAS28 did not reach statistical difference. No damage to liver and kidney functions was observed in both groups. Conclusion Qiwei Tongbi oral liquid has the tendency to decrease the inflammation levels and pain score and improve patients' outcomes in patients with stable long-standing RA.
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Zeng L, Li C, Jiang H, Chen Y, Li Z, Xu F, Liu R. Total Saponins from Nigella glandulifera Seeds Ameliorate Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rats by Inhibition of an Inflammatory Response and Bone Erosion. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6613527. [PMID: 33575330 PMCID: PMC7864740 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6613527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread inflammatory disease whose clinical manifestations are joint swelling, pain, and disability, affecting approximately 1% of individuals worldwide. Conventional anti-RA drugs currently used in clinic have severe side effects. The present study is aimed at investigating the antiarthritic effects of total saponins from Nigella glandulifera seeds (TSNGS) in rats with adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis (AIA). Arthritis score, paw swelling, and body weight were monitored throughout the period of TSNGS treatment. The histopathological features and levels of cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A, and OPG/RANKL signaling, were measured to determine the amelioration by TSNGS and its potential mechanisms on the inflammatory response and bone erosion. The differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in serum was assessed by flow cytometry. The results demonstrate that TSNGS at 10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 250 mg/kg inhibited AIA-induced clinical score, paw swelling, and histological changes. TSNGS reduced the immune-inflammatory reaction by restoring the secretion and expression of inflammatory cytokines and elevating the proportion of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs, accompanied by an increase in transcription factor Foxp3 levels. TSNGS also displayed bone protection by upregulation of the OPG/RANKL pathway. Collectively, TSNGS inhibited arthritis in AIA rats and so represents a potential novel treatment for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Uighur Medicine of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Hailun Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Uighur Medicine of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Zhuorong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Uighur Medicine of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Wu X, Jiang W, Shi C, Qian H, Fan X, Zhou P. The clinical efficacy of acupoint sticking combined with massage to treatment functional dyspepsia: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23869. [PMID: 33371173 PMCID: PMC7748355 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this meta-analysis was to summarize and identify the available evidence from studies to estimate the clinical value of acupoint sticking combined with massage (ASM) in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD), and provide clinicians with evidence on which to base their clinical decision making. METHODS This review will include all studies comparing clinical efficacy of ASM in the treatment of FD. The search strategy will be performed in 10 databases. We will not establish any limitations to language and publication status, published from inception to the August 2020. Two reviewers will screen, select studies, extract data, and assess quality independently. Outcome is alleviation of global dyspeptic symptoms, alleviation of individual dyspeptic symptoms, quality-of-life improvement, and safety. The methodological quality including the risk of bias of the included studies will be evaluated. We will carry out statistical analysis using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS This study will summarize current evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of ASM in the treatment of FD. CONCLUSION The findings of this study will provide helpful evidence for the clinician, and will promote further studies, as well as studying the value of ASM. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2020110072 (DOI number: 10.37766/inplasy2020.11.0072).
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Assessing the Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Reduning Injection by Network Pharmacology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6134098. [PMID: 33381562 PMCID: PMC7758122 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6134098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reduning Injection (RDNI) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula indicated for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular mechanism of RDNI is unclear. The information of RDNI ingredients was collected from previous studies. Targets of them were obtained by data mining and molecular docking. The information of targets and related pathways was collected in UniProt and KEGG. Networks were constructed and analyzed by Cytoscape to identify key compounds, targets, and pathways. Data mining and molecular docking identified 11 compounds, 84 targets, and 201 pathways that are related to the anti-inflammatory activity of RDNI. Network analysis identified two key compounds (caffeic acid and ferulic acid), five key targets (Bcl-2, eNOS, PTGS2, PPARA, and MMPs), and four key pathways (estrogen signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway) which would play critical roles in the treatment of inflammatory diseases by RDNI. The cross-talks among pathways provided a deeper understanding of anti-inflammatory effect of RDNI. RDNI is capable of regulating multiple biological processes and treating inflammation at a systems level. Network pharmacology is a practical approach to explore the therapeutic mechanism of TCM for complex disease.
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Sun S, Li S, Du Y, Wu C, Zhang M, Li J, Zhang X. Anti-inflammatory effects of the root, stem and leaf extracts of Chloranthus serratus on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:528-537. [PMID: 32503379 PMCID: PMC8641675 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1767159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Context: Chloranthus serratus [(Thunb.) Roem. et Schult, (Chloranthaceae)] is a folk medicine used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate anti-arthritic effects of the ethanol extracts of the roots (ER), stems (ES) and leaves (EL) of C. serratus on adjuvant arthritis rats and related mechanisms.Materials and methods: The rats were immunized by intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA, 0.18 mL) into the right hind feet, and received intragastric administrations of the ER, ES and EL (2.07, 1.61 and 0.58 g/kg/d, respectively) for 14 days. The anti-arthritic activity was assessed by swelling rates, serum indicators, antioxidant capacity, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses.Results: The LD50 of the ER, ES and EL was higher than 10.35, 8.05 and 2.90 g/kg/p.o., respectively. Extract treatments decreased swelling rates, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), migration inhibitory factor 1 (MIF-1), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels and positive expression of VEGF in the arthritic rats (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). The ER significantly decreased NO (3.91 ± 0.61 µmol/L), IL-6 (75.67 ± 16.83 pg/mL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (2.28 ± 0.32 nmol/mL) contents and clearly increased IFN-γ (2082 ± 220.93 pg/mL) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (601.98 ± 38.40 U/mL) levels. The ES and EL did not reverse the changes in some indicators. All the extracts alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and synovial cell proliferation. Among them, the ER was the most pronounced.Discussion and conclusions: ER exerts the most promising effects, as shown by inhibiting the releases of inflammatory cytokines and enhancing antioxidant capacity, which provides a scientific basis for further research on C. serratus and its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Institute of Natural Daily Chemistry, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- CONTACT Shuping Sun College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shengli Li
- The Fifth People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yunyan Du
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Chenguang Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiarong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Xiaoping Zhang College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
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Liu Z, Shen J, Shen Z, He D. The clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22453. [PMID: 33031276 PMCID: PMC7544266 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this meta-analysis was to summarize and identify the available evidence from studies to estimate the clinical value of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). And provides clinicians with evidence on which to base their clinical decision making. METHODS This review will include all studies comparing clinical efficacy of TCM in the treatment of RA-ILD. The search strategy will be performed in 9 databases. We will not establish any limitations to language and publication status, published from inception to the August 2020. Two reviewers will screen, select studies, extract data, and assess quality independently. Outcome is lung function, number of swelling joints, number of painful joints, duration of morning stiffness, VAS score, adverse effects, quality of life, ESR, CRP, rheumatoid factor and safety. The methodological quality including the risk of bias of the included studies will be evaluated. We will carry out statistical analysis using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS This study will summarize current evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of TCM in the treatment of RA-ILD. CONCLUSION The findings of this study will provide helpful evidence for the clinician, and will promote further studies, as well as studying the value of TCM. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202080108 (DOI number: 10.37766/inplasy2020.8.0108).
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Luo J, Wang R, Tang C, Zhang Y. Virtual Screening Technique Used to Estimate the Mechanism of Adhatoda vasica Nees for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:5872980. [PMID: 33062015 PMCID: PMC7542480 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5872980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adhatoda vasica Nees (AVN) is commonly used to treat joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in ethnic minority areas of China, especially in Tibetan and Dai areas, and its molecular mechanisms on RA still remain unclear. Network pharmacology, a novel strategy, utilizes bioinformatics to predict and evaluate drug targets and interactions in disease. Here, network pharmacology was used to investigate the mechanism by which AVN acts in RA. The chemical compositions and functional targets of AVN were retrieved using the systematic pharmacological analysis platform PharmMapper. The targets of RA were queried through the DrugBank database. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of key targets were constructed in the STRING database, and the network visualization analysis was performed in Cytoscape. Maestro 11.1, a type of professional software, was used for verifying prediction and analysis based on network pharmacology. By comparing the predicted target information with the targets of RA-related drugs, 25 potential targets may be related to the treatment of RA, among which MAPK1, TNF, DHODH, IL2, PTGS2, and JAK2 may be the main potential targets for the treatment of RA. Finally, the chemical components and potential target proteins were scored by molecular docking, and compared with the ligands of the protein, the prediction results of network pharmacology were preliminarily verified. The active ingredients and mechanism of AVN against RA were firstly investigated using network pharmacology. Additionally, this research provided a solid foundation for further experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Wang
- College Pharmacy of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yunsen Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rushan Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ce Tang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Li Z, Qi F, Li F. Identification of drug targets and potential molecular mechanisms for Wantong Jingu Tablet extract in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: bioinformatics analysis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Chin Med 2020; 15:59. [PMID: 32518584 PMCID: PMC7275334 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis-fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs) play important roles in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Wantong Jingu Tablet (WJT), a mixture of traditional Chinese medicine, is a potentially effective therapy for RA, but its underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we explore the effects of WJT on human RA-FLSs and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods The major components of WJT were determined using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS). Cell proliferative ability was evaluated by CCK-8, colony formation assay, and EdU incorporation assay. Cell apoptotic capacity was examined by caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity test. Protein levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were investigated by western blotting. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to screen and identify targeted genes, followed by identification by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Results In this study, we have identified 346 compounds in WJT. Our results showed that WJT inhibited the RA-FLSs proliferation, and promoted apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. More importantly, 184 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) has been screened after WJT treatment based on DEGSeq2 and 278 DEGs was identified by DEGSeq2 combined with WGCNA. Then, 10 hub genes were identified based on two different analyses, while the expression levels of only SMC3, THOC1, BUB1, and STAG2 were decreased after WJT treatment, which was identical to the sequencing profiles. Conclusions WJT exerted its anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects possibly through suppressing the expression of SMC3, THOC1, BUB1, and STAG2 in RA-FLSs. Thus, therapeutics targeting these genes may be a promising strategy for rescuing RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodong Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, No. 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Fangyuan Qi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, No. 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, No. 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China.,The Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, China, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China.,Engineering Research Center for Medical Biomaterials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China.,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Materials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, Xinjiang China
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Chen YJ, Wu JY, Leung WC, Liu YX, Fu XQ, Zhu JQ, Wu Y, Chou JY, Yin CL, Wang YP, Wang XQ, Bai JX, Wu ZZ, Yu ZL. An herbal formula inhibits STAT3 signaling and attenuates bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153254. [PMID: 32531698 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) facilitates differentiation of osteoclast precursors into osteoclasts, resulting in bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are the main cells for producing RANKL. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is activated in FLS of RA patients (RA-FLS), which has been linked to RANKL production. A two-herb formula (RL) comprising Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos is traditionally used for treating RA in China. We have found that a standardized ethanolic extract of RL (RLE for short) alleviates bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. PURPOSE This study aimed to determine whether RLE inhibits RANKL production and osteoclastogenesis in cell and rat models, and to explore the involvement of the STAT3 pathway in this inhibition. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A CIA rat model, interleukin-6/soluble interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6/sIL-6R)-stimulated RA-FLS and a co-culture system (IL-6/sIL-6R-stimulated RA-FLS/peripheral blood mononuclear cells) were used to evaluate the effects of RLE. Micro-computed tomography analysis was used to observe bone erosion in CIA rats. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining was used to evaluate osteoclastogenesis. Western blotting and ELISA assays were employed to examine protein levels. RT-qPCR was used to detect mRNA levels. STAT3-over-activated RA-FLS were used to investigate the involvement of STAT3 signaling in the anti-osteoclastogenic effects of RLE. RESULTS RLE alleviated bone erosion in joints of CIA rats. In both synovial tissues of CIA rats and IL-6/sIL-6R-stimulated RA-FLS, RLE downregulated the protein level of RANKL. In the co-culture system, RLE significantly and dose-dependently inhibited IL-6/sIL-6R-induced osteoclastogenesis. Mechanistic studies revealed that RLE lowered the protein level of phospho-STAT3 (Tyr705) in synovial tissues of CIA rats. In IL-6/sIL-6R-stimulated RA-FLS, RLE inhibited the activation/phosphorylation of a STAT3 upstream kinase Janus kinase 2 (Tyr1007/1008) and STAT3 (Tyr705), decreased the nuclear localization of STAT3, lowered mRNA levels of STAT3-transcriptionally regulated genes IL-1β and TNF-α. RLE's inhibitory effects on RANKL production in RA-FLS gradually decreased when IL-6/sIL-6R doses increased. Over-activation of STAT3 diminished the inhibitory effects of RLE on RANKL production in IL-6/sIL-6R-stimulated RA-FLS, and attenuated the anti-osteoclastogenic effects of RLE in the co-culture system. CONCLUSION We, for the first time, demonstrated that suppressing STAT3 signaling contributes to the inhibition of RANKL production and osteoclastogenesis, and thereby supports the mechanisms responsible for the reduction in bone erosion in RLE-treated CIA rats. This study provides further pharmacological groundwork for developing RLE as a modern anti-arthritic drug, and supports the notion that targeting STAT3 signaling is a viable strategy for managing bone erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Chen
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia-Ying Wu
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai-Chung Leung
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Xi Liu
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiu-Qiong Fu
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; JaneClare Transdermal TCM Therapy Laboratory, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ji-Yao Chou
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng-Le Yin
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ya-Ping Wang
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wang
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Bai
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zheng-Zhi Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- Research and Development Centre for Natural Health Products, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Consun Chinese Medicines Research Centre for Renal Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; JaneClare Transdermal TCM Therapy Laboratory, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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Kumar V, Bharate SS, Bhurta D, Gupta M, Gandhi SG, Singh D, Jaglan S, Kumar A, Vishwakarma RA, Bharate SB. Evaluation of rohitukine-enriched fraction of Dysoxylum binectariferum Hook.f. (leaves) as anti-arthritic phytopharmaceutical candidate: Chemical standardization, in-vivo validation, formulation development and oral pharmacokinetics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112758. [PMID: 32165175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of joints. Dysoxylum binectariferum Hook.f (Family: Meliaceae) is a Indian medicinal plant which is traditionally being used to heal inflammation of joints. AIM OF THE STUDY This work was aimed to carry out chemical standardization, in-vitro/in-vivo validation, oral pharmacokinetics and formulation development of anti-arthritic botanical lead, the rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum was standardized using four chemical markers and was checked for microbial load, heavy metal content, aflatoxins and pesticides. Its in-vitro inhibitory effect on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 was studied in THP-1 cells. The in-vivo anti-arthritic activity was investigated in collagen-induced arthritis model in DBA/1J mice. The sustained release capsule formulation was developed and characterized for physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. RESULTS Rohitukine and schumaniofioside A were found to be major chemical constituents of the botanical lead. The rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum significantly reduced the production of both pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 (>50% inhibition at 3.12 μg/mL) in THP-1 cells. In LPS-treated wild-type mice model, the rohitukine-enriched fraction at 200 mg/kg (PO, QD) completely reduced serum TNF-α levels. In transgenic mice model (collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice), rohitukine-enriched fraction at 100 mg/kg (PO, QD) dose has resulted in >75% reduction of TNF-α/IL-6 serum levels, 68% reduction in anti-mouse type II collagen IgG1 antibody levels, decreased joint proteoglycan loss and reduced paw edema in DBA/1J mice. The sustained release capsule formulation of rohitukine-enriched fraction showed sustained-release of rohitukine over the period of 24 h, and resulted in an improved plasma-exposure of rohitukine in SD rats. CONCLUSIONS The data presented herein demonstrated anti-arthritic potential of rohitukine-enriched fraction of D. binectariferum and this study will serve as the benchmark for further research on this botanical lead and developed sustained release capsule formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Preformulation Laboratory, PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sonali S Bharate
- Preformulation Laboratory, PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Deendyal Bhurta
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Mehak Gupta
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; PK-PD Toxicology and Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Deepika Singh
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD Toxicology and Formulation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
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Fan G, Li Q, Li HJ, Zhang YS, Xu XM, Fang G, Ge YM, Du LL. Active Ingredients and Anti-Arthritic Mechanisms of Ba-Wei-Long-Zuan Granule Revealed by 1 H-NMR-Based Metabolomics Combined with Network Pharmacology Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000122. [PMID: 32274851 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ba-Wei-Long-Zuan granule (BWLZ) is a traditional herbal preparation. It has been widely used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its active ingredients and mechanisms of action are still unclear. The present study aims to reveal the active compounds and anti-arthritic mechanisms of BWLZ against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) by using 1 H-NMR-based metabolomics, molecular docking and network pharmacology methods. After 30 days of administration, BWLZ could effectively improve the metabolic disorders in CIA rats. The anti-arthritic effect of BWLZ was related to its restoration of 16 disturbed serum metabolites. Molecular docking and network analysis showed that 20 compounds present in BWLZ could act on multiple targets. Among them, coclaurine and hesperidin showed the highest hit rates for target proteins related to both metabolic regulation and RA, indicating that these two compounds might be potential active ingredients of BWLZ. Moreover, pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the anti-arthritic mechanisms of BWLZ might be attributed to its network regulation of several biological processes, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis, mTOR signaling pathway, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. These results provide further evidence for the anti-arthritic properties of BWLZ and are beneficial for its quality control and clinical application. The potential targets and biological processes found in this study may provide valuable information for further studying the molecular mechanisms of BWLZ against RA. In addition, our work provides new insights for revealing the active ingredients and regulatory mechanisms of complex herbal preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Jiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Sen Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Mei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P. R. China
| | - Gang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Applied Research of Zhuang Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, 530001, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Man Ge
- Department of Inspection, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, P. R. China
| | - Lei-Lei Du
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P. R. China
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Salem HF, Nafady MM, Kharshoum RM, Abd El-Ghafar OA, Farouk HO. Mitigation of Rheumatic Arthritis in a Rat Model via Transdermal Delivery of Dapoxetine HCl Amalgamated as a Nanoplatform: In vitro and in vivo Assessment. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:1517-1535. [PMID: 32189966 PMCID: PMC7065716 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s238709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dapoxetine HCl (DH), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, may be useful for the treatment of rheumatic arthritis (RA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of transdermal delivery of DH in transethosome nanovesicles (TENVs). This novel delivery of DH may overcome the drawbacks associated with orally administered DH and improve patient compliance. Methods DH-TENV formulations were prepared using an injection- sonication method and optimized using a 33 Box-Behnken-design with Design Expert® software. The TENV formulations were assessed for entrapment efficiency (EE-%), vesicle size, zeta potential, in vitro DH release, and skin permeation. The tolerability of the optimized DH-TENV gel was investigated using a rat skin irritation test. A pharmacokinetic analysis of the optimized DH-TENV gel was also conducted in rats. Moreover, the anti-RA activity of the optimized DH-TENV gel was assessed based on the RA-specific marker anti-cyclic cirtullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP), the cartilage destruction marker cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and the inflammatory marker interleukin-6 (IL-6). Level of tissue receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) were also assessed. Results The optimized DH-TENV formulation involved spherical nanovesicles that had an appropriate EE- % and skin permeation characteristic. The DH-TENV gel was well tolerated by rats. The pharmacokinetics analysis showed that the optimized DH-TENV gel boosted the bioavailability of the DH by 2.42- and 4.16-fold compared to the oral DH solution and the control DH gel, respectively. Moreover, it significantly reduced the serum anti-CCP, COMP and IL-6 levels and decreased the RANKL levels. Furthermore, the DH-TENV gel attenuated histopathological changes by almost normalizing the articular surface and synovial fluid. Conclusion The results indicate that DH-TENVs can improve transdermal delivery of DH and thereby alleviate RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Farouk Salem
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni- Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Nafady
- Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Rasha Mostafa Kharshoum
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni- Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Hanan Osman Farouk
- Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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Effect of Jiawei Fengshining on Synovial Cell Apoptosis and TGF- β1/Smad Signaling Pathway in Rats with Rheumatoid Arthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2019:8614034. [PMID: 31929822 PMCID: PMC6942847 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8614034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Jiawei Fengshining (JWFSN) is a new formula originated from Fengshining, a classic formula for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The mechanism of JWFSN in the treatment of RA is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of JWFSN formula on the inflammatory mediator levels in the serum and the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in the synovium and to explore the underlying mechanisms of JWFSN formula to ameliorate synovial hyperplasia and apoptosis inhibition of synovium in rats with RA. Method SPF female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: the blank control group, the model control group, the positive drug group, and the low-, medium-, and high- dose JWFSN groups, with 8 rats in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect inflammatory mediators, anti-inflammatory mediators, and rheumatoid factor (RF). The pathological condition and apoptosis of the synovial tissue were detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and TUNEL staining, respectively. TGF-β1, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and Smad7 protein expressions in synovial tissue were measured by western blot assay. In addition, human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes cell line MH7A was treated with 20% JWFSN-containing serum to obtain in vitro data. Result The administration of JWFSN was found to ameliorate synovial hyperplasia and promote apoptosis; increase the serum contents of anti-inflammatory mediators; reduce inflammatory mediators and RF contents; and inhibit the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in CIA rats. In vitro JWFSN treatment increased the apoptosis of MH7A cells and decreased cell viability. Additionally, JWFSN treatment inhibited the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in MH7A cells. Interestingly, kartogenin (TGF-β1/Smad pathway activator) treament reversed the effects of JWFSN treatment. Conclusion JWFSN may ameliorate inflammatory factors' abnormality, synovial hyperplasia, and apoptosis inhibition of synovium via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Deciphering the Active Ingredients and Molecular Mechanisms of Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch against Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2361865. [PMID: 32015751 PMCID: PMC6982362 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2361865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch (THH) shows well clinical effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This work was designed to explore these issues by network pharmacology. Compounds from THH were gathered by retrieving literatures. Compound-related and RA-related genes were identified using databases, and the overlapping genes were identified by Venn diagram. The active ingredients and genes of THH against RA were confirmed by dissecting interactions between overlapping genes and compounds using Cytoscape. SystemsDock website was used to further verify the combining degree of key genes with active ingredients. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to decipher the mechanisms of THH against RA by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. A total of 123 compounds were collected, and 110 compounds-related and 1871 RA-related genes were identified, including 64 overlapping genes. The target genes and active ingredients of THH against RA comprised 64 genes and 17 compounds, the focus of which was PTGS2, triptolide, and celastrol. SystemsDock website indicated that the combing degree of PTGS2 with triptolide or celastrol was very good. The mechanisms of THH against RA were linked to 31 signaling pathways, and the key mechanism was related to inhibition of inflammation response through inactivating TNF and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. This work firstly explored the active ingredients and mechanisms of THH against RA by network pharmacology and provided evidence to support clinical effects of THH on RA.
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Shexiang-Wulong Pills Attenuate Rheumatoid Arthritis by Alleviating Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Collagen-Induced Arthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5308405. [PMID: 30886639 PMCID: PMC6388337 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5308405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Shexiang-Wulong Pill (SWP) is derived from “Moschus Yuan,” first formulated during the Song Dynasty for the treatment of joint pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of SWP in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Forty-five DBA/1 mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, and SWP-treated group. SWP was administered by oral gavage for 22 days after the booster immunization. The clinical arthritic scores and joint histopathology, including synovial hyperplasia and hypoxic regions, cartilage erosion, and bone destruction, were evaluated. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to assess microstructural changes in the bone. Serum levels of TNF-a, IL-6, and IFN-γ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed a statistically significant improvement in joint pathological changes in the SWP-treated group. Imaging assessment confirmed that SWP protected the bone tissue from CIA-induced erosion and increased the bone density. In addition, the serum levels of TNF-a, IL-6, and IFN-γ in SWP-treated mice were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). Taken together, Shexiang-Wulong Pill can effectively alleviate joint swelling in CIA mice, inhibit synovial tissue hyperplasia, reduce inflammatory cell infiltration, and delay bone destruction. These results indicate that Shexiang-Wulong Pills could be an efficient medication for the treatment of RA.
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Bushenhuoxue Formula Facilitates Articular Cartilage Repair and Attenuates Matrix Degradation by Activation of TGF- β Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2734581. [PMID: 30402118 PMCID: PMC6196996 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2734581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Bushenhuoxue (BSHX) formula on articular cartilage repair. Methods Twenty-four full-thickness cartilage defect rats were divided into two groups: model group and BSHX group (treated with BSHX formula). Macroscopic observation and histopathological study were conducted after 4- and 8-week treatment. Additionally, we also evaluated chondrocyte proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, cartilage degradation, and chondrocyte hypertrophy-related genes expression in chondrogenic ATDC5 cells cultured in BSHX formula-mediated serum. Moreover, we assessed aforementioned genes expression and pSMAD2/3 protein level in Tgfβr2 siRNA transfected chondrogenic ATDC5 cells in order to address whether BSHX formula exerts cartilage repairing effect through TGF-β signaling. Results Neocartilage regeneration promotion effect was observed in cartilage defect rats after BSHX formula treatment, with increases in Col2 and pSMAD2 and decreases in Mmp13 and Runx2. Moreover, cell proliferation, the elevated Col2a1, Aggrecan and pSMAD2/3, reduced Mmp13, Adamts5, Col10a1, and Runx2 expression were also observed in chondrogenic ATDC5 cells cultured in BSHX formula-mediated serum. Besides, the expression alteration of ECM deposition, cartilage degradation, chondrocyte hypertrophy-related genes, and pSMAD2/3 protein levels presented in Tgfβr2 downregulated chondrogenic ATDC5 cells couldn't be adjusted by BSHX formula treatment. Conclusion By activation of TGF-β signaling, BSHX formula can promote articular cartilage repair by accelerating chondrocyte proliferation and maintaining chondrocyte phenotype, upregulate ECM accumulation, and inhibit matrix degradation.
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Comparative Studies of Different Extracts from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. against Rheumatoid Arthritis in CIA Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7379893. [PMID: 30105062 PMCID: PMC6076936 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7379893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To compare efficacy of different extracts from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. with both immune inflammation and joint destruction in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. Rats were divided into normal group (Nor), control group (CIA), TG group (treated with tripterygium glycoside), E70 group (treated with 70% ethanol extract from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.), EA group (treated with ethyl acetate fraction from E70), and EN group (treated with n-butyl alcohol fraction from E70). All extracts from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. could significantly inhibit ankle swelling, pathological manifestations, and cytokine levels in serum and spleen, by using foot volume measurement, H&E staining, ELISA, and RT-QPCR methods, respectively. All extracts could significantly inhibit rough joint surface and marginal osteophytes, improve RANKL/OPG ratio, and decrease MMP-9 expression, by using micro-CT and immunohistochemical staining. The activation of IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway was also inhibited by all extracts. In addition, ethyl acetate fraction from E70 presented better effect on RANKL/OPG system. This study identified effective extracts from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. relieving immune inflammation and maintaining structural integrity of joints in CIA rats.
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