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Pan M, Yu M, Zheng S, Luo L, Zhang J, Wu J. Genetic variations in ACE2 gene associated with metabolic syndrome in southern China: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10505. [PMID: 38714718 PMCID: PMC11076479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and genetic predisposition is one of the main triggers for its development. To identify the susceptibility genes for MetS, we investigated the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and MetS in southern China. In total, 339 MetS patients and 398 non-MetS hospitalized patients were recruited. Four ACE2 polymorphisms (rs2074192, rs2106809, rs879922, and rs4646155) were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection method and tested for their potential association with MetS and its related components. ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 minor alleles conferred 2.485-fold and 3.313-fold greater risks of MetS in women. ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 variants were risk factors for obesity, diabetes, and low-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia. However, in men, the ACE2 rs2074192 minor allele was associated with an approximately 0.525-fold reduction in MetS prevalence. Further comparing the components of MetS, ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 variants reduced the risk of obesity and high triglyceride levels. In conclusion, ACE2 rs2074192 and rs2106809 SNPs were independently associated with MetS in a southern Chinese population and showed gender heterogeneity, which can be partially explained by obesity. Thus, these SNPs may be utilized as predictive biomarkers and molecular targets for MetS. A limitation of this study is that environmental and lifestyle differences, as well as genetic heterogeneity among different populations, were not considered in the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhong Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Suli Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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Adjei NK, Samkange-Zeeb F, Boakye D, Saleem M, Christianson L, Kebede MM, Heise TL, Brand T, Esan OB, Taylor-Robinson DC, Agyemang C, Zeeb H. Ethnic differences in metabolic syndrome in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024:10.1007/s11154-024-09879-9. [PMID: 38598068 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This review aimed to systematically quantify the differences in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) prevalence across various ethnic groups in high-income countries by sex, and to evaluate the overall prevalence trends from 1996 to 2022. We conducted a systematic literature review using MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on studies about MetS prevalence among ethnic groups in high-income countries. We pooled 23 studies that used NCEP-ATP III criteria and included 147,756 healthy participants aged 18 and above. We calculated pooled prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using both fixed-effect and random-effect intercept logistic regression models. Data were analysed for 3 periods: 1996-2005, 2006-2009, and 2010-2021. The pooled prevalence of MetS in high-income countries, based on the NCEP-ATP III criteria, was 27.4% over the studied period, showing an increase from 24.2% in 1996-2005 to 31.9% in 2010-2021, with men and women having similar rates. When stratified by ethnicity and sex, ethnic minority women experienced the highest prevalence at 31.7%, while ethnic majority women had the lowest at 22.7%. Notably, MetS was more prevalent in ethnic minority women than men. Among ethnic minorities, women had a higher prevalence of MetS than men, and the difference was highest in Asians (about 15 percentage points). Among women, the prevalence of MetS was highest in Asians (41.2%) and lowest in Blacks/Africans (26.7%). Among men, it was highest in indigenous minority groups (34.3%) and lowest among in Blacks/Africans (19.8%). MetS is increasing at an alarming rate in high-income countries, particularly among ethnic minority women. The burden of MetS could be effectively reduced by tailoring interventions according to ethnic variations and risk profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kofi Adjei
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building 2nd Floor Block F, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | | | - Daniel Boakye
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Maham Saleem
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lara Christianson
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas L Heise
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tilman Brand
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Oluwaseun B Esan
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building 2nd Floor Block F, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - David C Taylor-Robinson
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building 2nd Floor Block F, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hajo Zeeb
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Saccaro LF, Aimo A, Panichella G, Sentissi O. Shared and unique characteristics of metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: a review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1343427. [PMID: 38501085 PMCID: PMC10944869 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1343427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction People with psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD) face an elevated risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which may reduce their life expectancy by nearly 20%. Pinpointing the shared and specific characteristics and clinical implications of MetS in PSD is crucial for designing interventions to reduce this risk, but an up-to-date review on MetS across the psychosis spectrum is lacking. Methods This narrative review fills this gap by examining the clinical literature on characteristics and implications of MetS in both distinct PSD and transdiagnostically, i.e., across traditional categorical diagnoses, with a focus on psychiatric and cardio-metabolic management. Results We discuss common and specific characteristics of MetS in PSD, as well as factors contributing to MetS development in PSD patients, including unhealthy lifestyle factors, genetic predisposition, pro-inflammatory state, drugs consumption, antipsychotic medication, and psychotic symptoms. We highlight the importance of early identification and management of cardio-metabolic risk in PSD patients, as well as the existing gaps in the literature, for instance in the screening for MetS in younger PSD patients. We compare hypotheses-generating clinical associations and characteristics of MetS in different PSD, concluding by reviewing the existing recommendations and challenges in screening, monitoring, and managing MetS in PSD. Conclusion Early identification and management of MetS are crucial to mitigate the long-term cardio-metabolic toll in PSD patients. Interventions should focus on healthy lifestyle and appropriate pharmacological and behavioral interventions. Further translational and clinical research is needed to develop targeted interventions and personalized treatment approaches for this vulnerable population, aiming at improving physical health and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi F Saccaro
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Panichella
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Othman Sentissi
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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Neubauer-Geryk J, Wielicka M, Kozera GM, Bieniaszewski L. Angiogenin Levels and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2591. [PMID: 37761032 PMCID: PMC10526946 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that in patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1), decreased levels of angiogenin are associated with the development of overt nephropathy. However, little is known about angiogenin levels and subclinical macrovascular organ damage in patients with DM1 and concomitant metabolic syndrome (MS). Therefore, we analyzed the relationship between angiogenin levels and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in DM1 patients with and without MS. We found that angiogenin concentration was significantly lower in DM1 patients compared to controls, while the cIMT measurements were comparable. Exclusion of patients with MS, patients with hypertension, undergoing treatment, or cigarette smokers did not change these findings. Of note, when comparing the subgroups of DM1 patients with and without MS, there was no significant difference between angiogenin levels. However, we did note a significant difference in these levels after the exclusion of smokers. The comparison of cIMT in these subgroups showed a significant difference between the study subgroups. This difference was no longer observed when the age of the patients was taken into account. In summary, it can be concluded that metabolic syndrome in patients with type 1 diabetes does not appear to impact angiogenin levels or cIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Neubauer-Geryk
- Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (M.W.); (G.M.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Melanie Wielicka
- Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (M.W.); (G.M.K.); (L.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Ann Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Grzegorz M. Kozera
- Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (M.W.); (G.M.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Leszek Bieniaszewski
- Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (M.W.); (G.M.K.); (L.B.)
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Significant Association between Subclinical Left Cardiac Dysfunction and Liver Stiffness in Metabolic Syndrome Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020328. [PMID: 36837528 PMCID: PMC9961822 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is connected to both cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and is an important component of metabolic syndrome (MetS). NAFLD can be detected and quantified using the vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), whereas traditional and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) can reveal subclinical abnormalities in heart function. We sought to see if there was a link between left cardiac dysfunction and different levels of hepatic fibrosis in MetS patients with DM and NAFLD. Patients and Methods: We recruited successive adult subjects with MetS and a normal left ventricular ejection fraction, who were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of DM. The presence of NAFLD was established by CAP and VCTE, while conventional and 2D-STE were used to assess left heart's systolic and diastolic function. The mean age of the MetS subjects was 62 ± 10 years, 82 (55%) were men. The distribution of liver steatosis severity was similar among diabetics and non-diabetics, while liver fibrosis grade 2 and 3 was significantly more frequent in diabetics (p = 0.02, respectively p = 0.001). LV diastolic dysfunction was found in 52% of diabetic and in 36% of non-diabetic MetS patients (p = 0.04). 2D-STE identified in the diabetic subjects increased LA stiffness (40% versus 24%, p = 0.03) and reduced global left ventricular longitudinal strain (47% versus 16%, p < 0.0001). Liver fibrosis grade ≥ 2 was identified as an independent predictor of both subclinical LV systolic dysfunction and of LA dysfunction in MetS patients with DM (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The current investigation confirms the link between liver stiffness and subclinical cardiac dysfunction as detected by 2D-STE in MetS patients with DM. The novel parameters derived from LA and LV 2D-STE have demonstrated greater sensitivity compared to the older measurements, and a substantial connection with hepatic fibrosis.
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Prevention and risk assessment of cardiovascular events in a population of patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Reumatologia 2022; 60:266-274. [PMID: 36186830 PMCID: PMC9494789 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2022.119043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, often relapsing disease that is frequently associated with other diseases of similar pathogenesis. The multi-morbidity in the psoriasis population significantly impedes both diagnosis and implementation of appropriate preventive measures. However, the common denominator for this group of diseases is the inflammatory process that initiates the appearance of subsequent symptoms and health consequences, most of which can be avoided or alleviated by modifying the patient’s lifestyle and incorporating appropriate treatment. Health consequences associated with systemic inflammation include cardiovascular incidents and other cardiometabolic diseases. This article was based on available publications on the onset, incidence, and prevention of cardiovascular disease in the psoriasis patient population.
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Leslie J, Geh D, Elsharkawy AM, Mann DA, Vacca M. Metabolic dysfunction and cancer in HCV: Shared pathways and mutual interactions. J Hepatol 2022; 77:219-236. [PMID: 35157957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HCV hijacks many host metabolic processes in an effort to aid viral replication. The resulting hepatic metabolic dysfunction underpins many of the hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, the natural history of CHC is also substantially influenced by the host metabolic status: obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis are major determinants of CHC progression toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have transformed the treatment and natural history of CHC. While DAA therapy effectively eradicates the virus, the long-lasting overlapping metabolic disease can persist, especially in the presence of obesity, increasing the risk of liver disease progression. This review covers the mechanisms by which HCV tunes hepatic and systemic metabolism, highlighting how systemic metabolic disturbance, lipotoxicity and chronic inflammation favour disease progression and a precancerous niche. We also highlight the therapeutic implications of sustained metabolic dysfunction following sustained virologic response as well as considerations for patients who develop HCC on the background of metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Geh
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ahmed M Elsharkawy
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham, B15 2TH UK; National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Michele Vacca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
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Motamed N, Ajdarkosh H, Karbalaie Niya MH, Panahi M, Farahani B, Rezaie N, Nikkhah M, Faraji AH, Hemmasi G, Perumal D, Ashrafi GH, Safarnezhad Tameshkel F, Gholizadeh E, Khoonsari M, Zamani F. Scoring systems of metabolic syndrome and prediction of cardiovascular events: A population based cohort study. Clin Cardiol 2022; 45:641-649. [PMID: 35419856 PMCID: PMC9175260 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Continuous scoring systems were developed versus traditional dichotomous approaches to define metabolic syndrome. The current study was carried out to evaluate the ability of scoring systems to predict fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events. Materials and Methods The data of 5147 individuals aged 18 years or more obtained from a population‐based cohort study were analyzed. The occurrence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the period of 7 years follow‐up was considered as the associated outcome. Joint Interim Statement (JIS) definition, as a traditional definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and two versions of MetS scoring systems, based on standardized regression weights from structural equation modeling (SEM) and simple method for quantifying metabolic syndrome (siMS) were considered as potential predictors. Results The scoring systems, particularly, based on SEM, were observed to have a significant association with composite cardiovascular events (HR = 1.388 [95% CI = 1.153–1.670], p = .001 in men and HR = 1.307 [0.95% CI = 1.120–1.526] in women) in multiple Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, whereas the traditional definition of MetS did not show any significant association. While both two scoring systems showed acceptable predictive abilities for cardiovascular events in women (MetS score based on SEM: area of under curve [AUC] = 0.7438 [95% CI = 0.6195–0.7903] and siMS: AUC = 0.7207 [95% CI = 0.6676–0.7738]), the two systems were not acceptable for identifying risk in men. Conclusion Unlike the dichotomous definition of MetS, the scoring systems showed an independent association with cardiovascular events. Scoring systems, particularly those based on SEM, may be useful for the prediction of cardiovascular events in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Motamed
- Department of Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ajdarkosh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahshid Panahi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Farahani
- Department of Cardiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Rezaie
- Department of Pulmonology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir H Faraji
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hemmasi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dhayaneethie Perumal
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, Kingston, UK
| | | | | | - Esmaeel Gholizadeh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoodreza Khoonsari
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Combined Intranasal Insulin/Saxagliptin/Metformin Therapies Ameliorate the Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive- (COC-) Induced Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) with a Major Target on Glucose Metabolism in Adult Female Wistar Rats. Int J Reprod Med 2021; 2021:9693171. [PMID: 34938803 PMCID: PMC8687792 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9693171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of the chronic use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs: ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel) on the indices of metabolic syndrome in adult female Wistar rats and possible therapeutic management. Materials and Methods 64 female Wistar rats received either distilled water, norethindrone (NOR), COC, intranasal insulin (INI), metformin (MET), saxagliptin (SAX), INI+MET, and INI+SAX. After 8 weeks of exposure to COC, the animals were sorted into the therapeutic groups. Several parameters were assayed for, such as body weight changes, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, insulin levels, inflammatory cytokines, and glycated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac). Results The levels of FBG, insulin, and Hb1Ac were increased consequent upon COC treatment. Treatment with INI+SAX and INI+MET reduced significantly the levels of FBG and Hb1Ac; in addition, the level of insulin was significantly increased in the INI+MET groups (p ≤ 0.05). Serum lipid profile analysis showed a statistical reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level; this reduction was also significantly reversed in the INI+SAX group. Reduced catalase activity observed in the COC group was reversed in the INI+MET group (p ≤ 0.05). A nonsignificant increase in the level of TNF-α as a result of COC treatment was reversed by INI and INI+MET treatment. Liver GLUT4 and G-6-phosphate levels were significantly increased by COC treatment, and this effect was reversed by INI+SAX in both assays, respectively (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions The use of MET and SAX in combination with INI has been shown to reverse some indices of MetS. This study proposes a clinical phase to backup and ascertain these preclinical findings.
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The Hepatic Stellate Cells (HSTCs) and Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) Axis as a Potential Major Driver of Metabolic Syndrome - Novel Concept and Therapeutic Implications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:1417-1422. [PMID: 34822062 PMCID: PMC9033713 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10304-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Herein, we would like to introduce a novel concept for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome, which is based on molecular relationship between liver and adipose tissue. Particularly, we believe, that unravelling the molecular crosstalk between hepatokines and adipokines will allow to better understand the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases and allow to develop novel, effective therapeutic solutions against obesity and metabolic syndrome. Graphical Abstract Inter-organ communication on the level of stem progenitor cells-hepatic stellate cells (HSTCs) and adipose-derived progenitors (ASCs) could represents a key mechanism involved in controlling glucose tolerance as well as insulin sensitivity. ![]()
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Theik NWY, Raji OE, Shenwai P, Shah R, Kalluri SR, Bhutta TH, Hannoodee H, Al Khalili M, Khan S. Relationship and Effects of Vitamin D on Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e17419. [PMID: 34589329 PMCID: PMC8460559 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a persistent public health problem in the United States (U.S.) due to its increasing prevalence and its positive correlation with type-2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). According to National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria, MetS has six main components, which are obesity, dyslipidemia, raised blood pressure (BP), insulin resistance (IR) or glucose intolerance, pro-inflammatory state, and prothrombotic state. Vitamin D (Vit D) regulates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus and thus, is universally accepted as an essential vitamin for bone strength as well as a facilitator of immune system function. Vit D was also shown to reduce the risks of CVD, multiple sclerosis, and developing seasonal flu. We conducted a systematic review to identify the general association between Vit D level and MetS, to highlight specific associations between Vit D level and individual components of MetS, and finally, to explore the effects of Vit D supplementation on each component of MetS. In this paper, we reviewed 14 recent studies investigating the relationships between Vit D, MetS, and components of MetS. From the review of seven studies, we confirmed a significant association between Vit D and MetS as a whole. Four out of the five observational studies we reviewed support that Vit D level is significantly associated with the following components of MetS: obesity and BMI, dyslipidemia, BP, and insulin and glucose metabolism. We did not discover any significant relationship between Vit D level and other MetS components. The review of seven additional randomized clinical trials (RCT)-based studies suggest that Vit D supplementation has significant effects on BP, abdominal obesity, and insulin and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyein Wint Yee Theik
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Oluwatimilehin E Raji
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Priya Shenwai
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Rutul Shah
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Sahithi Reddy Kalluri
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Tinaz H Bhutta
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Hanan Hannoodee
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Mahmoud Al Khalili
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
| | - Safeera Khan
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology (CIBNP), Fairfield, USA
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Kawaguchi S, Hasebe T, Ohta H, Kikuchi A, Asanome A, Nishiura T, Sakamoto N, Tanabe Y, Takeuchi T, Sato N, Kawamura Y, Hasebe N. Acute Myocardial Infarction in a 17-year-old High-school Girl. Intern Med 2021; 60:259-263. [PMID: 32921689 PMCID: PMC7872814 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.5437-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an unusual case of acute myocardial infarction in a high school girl. The patient was 17 years of age and had multiple coronary risk factors, including marked obesity with a body mass index (BMI) of 42.7 kg/m2, dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance. She had been an on and off smoker since she was 13 years of age. Due to the recent Westernization of the lifestyle, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the young generation has been increasing in Japan. Cardiovascular disease based on lifestyle-related diseases may become more common in young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawaguchi
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hasebe
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Ohta
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Asami Kikuchi
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Akira Asanome
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishiura
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Naka Sakamoto
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tanabe
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Takeuchi
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sato
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kawamura
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hasebe
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
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Xiao J, Huang J, Long Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Hei G, Sun M, Zhao J, Li L, Shao T, Wang W, Kang D, Liu C, Xie P, Huang Y, Wu R, Zhao J. Optimizing and Individualizing the Pharmacological Treatment of First-Episode Schizophrenic Patients: Study Protocol for a Multicenter Clinical Trial. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:611070. [PMID: 33716817 PMCID: PMC7947302 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.611070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Affecting ~1% of the world population, schizophrenia is known as one of the costliest and most burdensome diseases worldwide. Antipsychotic medications are the main treatment for schizophrenia to control psychotic symptoms and efficiently prevent new crises. However, due to poor compliance, 74% of patients with schizophrenia discontinue medication within 1.5 years, which severely affects recovery and prognosis. Through research on intra and interindividual variability based on a psychopathology-neuropsychology-neuroimage-genetics-physiology-biochemistry model, our main objective is to investigate an optimized and individualized antipsychotic-treatment regimen and precision treatment for first-episode schizophrenic patients. Methods and Analysis: The study is performed in 20 representative hospitals in China. Three subprojects are included. In subproject 1, 1,800 first-episode patients with schizophrenia are randomized into six different antipsychotic monotherapy groups (olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, amisulpride, and haloperidol) for an 8-week treatment. By identifying a set of potential biomarkers associated with antipsychotic treatment response, we intend to build a prediction model, which includes neuroimaging, epigenetics, environmental stress, neurocognition, eye movement, electrophysiology, and neurological biochemistry indexes. In subproject 2, apart from verifying the prediction model established in subproject 1 based on an independent cohort of 1,800 first-episode patients with schizophrenia, we recruit patients from a verification cohort who did not get an effective response after an 8-week antipsychotic treatment into a randomized double-blind controlled trial with minocycline (200 mg per day) and sulforaphane (3 tables per day) to explore add-on treatment for patients with schizophrenia. Two hundred forty participants are anticipated to be enrolled for each group. In subproject 3, we tend to carry out one trial to construct an intervention strategy for metabolic syndrome induced by antipsychotic treatment and another one to build a prevention strategy for patients at a high risk of metabolic syndrome, which combines metformin and lifestyle intervention. Two hundred participants are anticipated to be enrolled for each group. Ethics and Dissemination: The study protocol has been approved by the Medical Ethics committee of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (No. 2017027). Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at international conferences. Trial Registration: This trial has been registered on Clinicalrials.gov (NCT03451734). The protocol version is V.1.0 (April 23, 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmei Xiao
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujun Long
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gangrui Hei
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengxi Sun
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tiannan Shao
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiyan Wang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongyu Kang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuyan Huang
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Renrong Wu
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychaitry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Hua F. New insights into diabetes mellitus and its complications: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1689. [PMID: 33490201 PMCID: PMC7812242 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder accompanied by complications of multiple organs and systems. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most prevalent lethal complications of diabetes. Although numerous biomarkers have be clarified for early diagnosis of DN, renal biopsy is still the gold standard. As a noninvasive imaging diagnostic method, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI can help understand the kidney oxygenation status and fibrosis process and monitor the efficacy of new drugs for DN via monitoring renal blood oxygen levels. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) were all involved in the development of DN, which could be exploited as therapeutic strategy to control DN. Dyslipidemia is also a common complication of diabetes. Apolipoprotein M (apoM), as a novel apolipoprotein, may be related to the development and progression of diabetes, which need to further investigation. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is another common complication of diabetes and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). At present, there is no simple, effective and rapid diagnostic method to early identification of OSA in patients with diabetes. A nomogram consisted of waist-to-hip ratio, smoking status, body mass index, serum uric acid, HOMA-IR and history of fatty liver might be an alternative method to early assess the risk of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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15
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Risk for cardiovascular disease associated with metabolic syndrome and its components: a 13-year prospective study in the RIVANA cohort. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:195. [PMID: 33222691 PMCID: PMC7680587 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its single components with cardiovascular risk and estimated their impact on the prematurity of occurrence of cardiovascular events using rate advancement periods (RAPs). Methods We performed prospective analyses among 3976 participants (age range: 35–84, 55% female) in the Vascular Risk in Navarre (RIVANA) Study, a Mediterranean population-based cohort. MetS was defined based on the modified criteria of the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the International Diabetes Federation. The primary endpoint was major cardiovascular event (a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or mortality from cardiovascular causes). Secondary endpoints were incidence of non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for potential confounders, were fitted to evaluate the association between MetS and its single components at baseline with primary and secondary endpoints. Results During a median follow-up of 12.8 years (interquartile range, 12.5–13.1), we identified 228 primary endpoint events. MetS was associated with higher risk of incidence of major cardiovascular event, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, but was neither associated with higher risk of myocardial infarction nor stroke. Compared with participants without MetS, the multivariable hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) among participants with MetS was 1.32 (1.01–1.74) with RAP (95% CI) of 3.23 years (0.03, 6.42) for major cardiovascular event, 1.64 (1.03–2.60) with RAP of 3.73 years (0.02, 7.45) for cardiovascular mortality, and 1.45 (1.17–1.80) with RAP of 3.24 years (1.21, 5.27) for all-cause mortality. The magnitude of the associations of the single components of MetS was similar than the predicted by MetS. Additionally, for each additional trait of MetS, incidence of major cardiovascular event relatively increased by 22% (1.22, 95% CI 1.09–1.36) with RAP of 2.31 years (0.88, 3.74). Conclusions MetS was independently associated with CVD risk, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Components of the MetS were associated with similar magnitude of increased CVD, which suggests that MetS was not in excess of the level explained by the presence of its single components. Further research should explore the association of different combinations of the components of MetS with CVD.
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16
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Pałkowska-Goździk E, Piotrowicz K, Krzesiński P, Stańczyk A, Skrobowski A, Gielerak G. Crosstalk Between Dietary Pattern, Anthropometric Parameters, and Adiponectin Concentration Among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 19:137-143. [PMID: 33170092 DOI: 10.1089/met.2020.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is known to mediate antidiabetic and cardioprotective metabolic effects. Current evidence suggests that diet, both its quantity and quality, affects adiponectin concentration. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of adiponectin with cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometric features, and diet characteristics in obese patients with multiple cardiometabolic risk factors. The group of 113 nondiabetic patients (90 males, mean age: 48 ± 9 years) fulfilling the criteria of metabolic syndrome (IDF, 2005) was divided into 2 subgroups according to median adiponectin concentration calculated for that cohort (6.83 μg/mL)-low-adiponectin (LA) and high-adiponectin (HA) subgroup. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were recorded and nutrients intake was assessed using 24-hr dietary recall method and diet history questionnaire. Results: No significant differences between LA and HA were noted regarding the anthropometric parameters. However, there were significant differences in biochemical indices, and HA was characterized by a more favorable insulin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value, and plasma lipid profile than LA. Both LA and HA subgroups were comparable in terms of energy, protein, carbohydrate, and total fat intake, but there were significant differences between the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption (6.06 ± 1.0 and 6.37 ± 1.1, respectively) and omega-3/omega-6 ratio (as follows: 0.09 ± 0.01 and 0.16 ± 0.04). Conclusions: These results highlight interactions between diet, adiponectin concentration, and biochemical profile. Nondiabetic patients with metabolic syndrome with higher PUFA consumption, including higher omega-3/omega-6 ratio, were characterized by higher circulating adiponectin level and more favorable biochemical profile. Thus, it might be assumed that the protective role of omega-3 fatty acids might be mediated by adiponectin in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Piotrowicz
- Cardiology and Internal Medicine Department, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Krzesiński
- Cardiology and Internal Medicine Department, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Stańczyk
- Cardiology and Internal Medicine Department, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Skrobowski
- Cardiology and Internal Medicine Department, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Gielerak
- Cardiology and Internal Medicine Department, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Ousmaal MEF, Gaceb A, Khene MA, Ainouz L, Giaimis J, Andriantsitohaina R, Martínez MC, Baz A. Circulating microparticles released during dyslipidemia may exert deleterious effects on blood vessels and endothelial function. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107683. [PMID: 32713709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the bioactivity of circulating microparticles (MPs) isolated from dyslipidemic Psammomys obesus (P. obesus) fed a high-energy diet (HED) with those released from healthy P. obesus fed a normal diet (ND). METHODS Vascular reactivity of aortic rings was evaluated by myography, after 24 h incubation in the absence or in the presence of circulating MPs isolated, by differential centrifugations, from the plasma of animals subjected to HED (MPsHED) or ND (MPsND) for 12 weeks. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated for 24 h with MPsHED or MPsND animals and subjected to immunofluorescence staining of caveolin-1 (cav-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), F-actin and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. RESULTS The HED exerted a distinctly pronounced hyperlipidemic effect marked by plasmatic increase of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG). Both MPsND and MPsHED induced a significant reduction of maximal relaxation induced by acetylcholine (ACh). Interestingly, MPsHED significantly decreased eNOS expression up to ~25% and increased ROS production up to ~75% on in vitro treated HUVECs. Moreover, in HUVECs, MPsHED significantly decreased cav-1 expression up to ~50% whereas significant increase of ICAM-1 expression by about 2-fold approximately was observed. CONCLUSION Our experimental study demonstrated the dual role of MPs on vascular function by modulating endothelial cell function. Furthermore, MPs may be considered as vectors of a bioactive information contributing to inflammation and vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E F Ousmaal
- Laboratory of valorisation and bio-engineering of natural resources, Faculty of Sciences, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria; Laboratory of Biology and Animal Physiology, ENS Kouba, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Abderahim Gaceb
- Translational Neurology group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M'hammed A Khene
- Laboratory of Biology and Animal Physiology, ENS Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Lynda Ainouz
- Laboratory of Biology and Animal Physiology, ENS Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Jean Giaimis
- UMR Qualisud- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier I, Montpellier, France
| | | | - M Carmen Martínez
- SOPAM, U1063, INSERM, UNIV Angers, SFR ICAT, Bat IRIS IBS, Rue des Capucins, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Ahsene Baz
- Laboratory of Biology and Animal Physiology, ENS Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
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18
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Zhang L, Chen B, Xie X, Zhao J, Wei J, Zhang Q, Fan Y, Zhang Y. Association of Waist-to-Height Ratio, Metabolic Syndrome, and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Individuals with a High Risk of Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study of 9605 Study Participants. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 18:381-388. [PMID: 32589495 DOI: 10.1089/met.2020.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To determine the association of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in individuals with a high risk of stroke. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 9605 study responders from eight urban area communities in Northern China. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), and blood lipid were measured. Information of population characteristics, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet were determined by validated questionnaire. Results: A total of 9605 study responders were included in this study. The average age was 60 ± 9 years with 5911 (61.5%) patients being females. The prevalence of MetS and CAS was 26.2% and 75.1%, respectively. WHtR was significantly associated with CAS using our final adjusted model [odds ratio (OR): 1.233, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.096-1.378]. The association of CAS with hypertension and hyperglycemia were statistically significant among factors that constitute MetS. Additional risk factors affecting the development of CAS included age, previous stroke, and smoking history (P < 0.05). Conclusion: WHtR was determined to perform better compared with other traditional indicators for correlating CAS. We believe that WHtR is a better indicator for the early identification of CAS in individuals with a high risk of stroke. This will facilitate the early detection and intervention of CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Xie
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qihui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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Ortega Y, Aragonès E, Piñol JL, Basora J, Araujo A, Cabré JJ. Impact of depression and/or anxiety on the presentation of cardiovascular events in a cohort with metabolic syndrome. StreX project: Five years of follow-up. Prim Care Diabetes 2018; 12:163-171. [PMID: 28988658 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the role of anxiety and depression on the incidence of cardiovascular events (CVE) in a Catalonian population with metabolic syndrome (MetS) over a five-year follow-up according to the number/type of MetS criteria. METHODS Prospective study to determine the incidence of CVE according to the presence of anxiety and depression disorders among individuals with different combinations of clinical traits of the MetS. SETTING Primary Care, Catalonia (Spain). SUBJECTS 35-75 years old fulfilling MetS criteria without CVE at the initiation of follow-up (2009). We studied 16 MetS phenotypes [NCEP-ATPIII criteria] based on the presence of depression/anxiety. The primary endpoint was the incidence of CVE at five years. RESULTS We analyzed 401,743 people with MetS (17.2% of the population); 8.7% had depression, 16.0% anxiety and 3.8% both. 14.5% consumed antidepressants and 20.8% tranquilizers. At the 5-year follow-up, the incidence of CVE was 5.5%, being 6.4% in men and 4.4% in women. On comparing individuals with and without depression the incidence of CVE was 6.7% vs. 5.3%, respectively (p<0.01), being 5.5% in both groups in relation to anxiety. CONCLUSION Depression and anxiety play a role in the poor prognosis of patients with MetS. In Catalonia, the two predominant MetS phenotypes do not include obesity as a criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Ortega
- Basic Health Center Salou, Catalan Health Institute, Spain; IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Health Institute, Spain
| | - Enric Aragonès
- IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Health Institute, Spain; Primary Health Center Constantí, Catalan Health Institute, Spain
| | - Josep L Piñol
- IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Health Institute, Spain; Primary Health Centre L'Ampolla, Catalan Health Institute, Spain; IISPV Pere Virgili, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Basora
- IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Health Institute, Spain; IISPV Pere Virgili, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Alvaro Araujo
- Basic Health Center Salou, Catalan Health Institute, Spain
| | - Juan J Cabré
- IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Health Institute, Spain; Basic Health Center Sant Pere Centre, Catalan Health Institute, Spain; IISPV Pere Virgili, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.
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21
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Wei D, Zheng N, Zheng L, Wang L, Song L, Sun L. Shexiang Baoxin Pill Corrects Metabolic Disorders in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome by Targeting Mitochondria. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:137. [PMID: 29551973 PMCID: PMC5841394 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a global epidemic that has great socioeconomic and public health implications. This study reports observed effects of the Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) in a rat model of MS and explores its underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: A diet-induced rat model of MS was established according to accepted methods, and the rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (0.9% NaCl, 100 mg/kg•d) and a SBP-treated group (SBP, 100 mg/kg•d). Systolic blood pressures, fasting blood glucose (FBS) levels, triglyceride (TG) levels, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, body weights, and abdominal perimeters were dynamically monitored and analyzed. Serum leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA. Leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 expression in adipose tissue, as well as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) expression in heart, liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue was measured by western blot. Expression of the mitochondrial protein UCP2, Cytochrome b and ATPase was observed by immunofluorescent staining. Results: SBP significantly decreased serum TG, TC, LDL-C levels and increased HDL-C levels. SBP also optimized the leptin/adiponectin ratio by decreasing leptin expression and increasing adiponectin expression in adipose tissue. SBP antagonized inflammatory reactions by promoting IL-10 expression in adipose tissue while inhibiting TNF-α and IL-6 expression. SBP improved lipid metabolism by up-regulating the expression of AMPK and PGC-1α. Furthermore, SBP decreased the severity of MS and its complications by adjusting the expression of several mitochondrial proteins, including UCP2, Cytochrome b and ATPase. Conclusion: SBP exhibits prominent therapeutic effects in the setting of MS. Possible mechanisms of action may be related to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative characteristics, as well as its effects on improving lipid metabolism and protecting mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lanyan Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Leting Wang
- Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Luning Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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23
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Sex differences in ischaemic stroke: potential cellular mechanisms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:533-552. [PMID: 28302915 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. More women than men have strokes each year, in part because women live longer. Women have poorer functional outcomes, are more likely to need nursing home care and have higher rates of recurrent stroke compared with men. Despite continued advancements in primary prevention, innovative acute therapies and ongoing developments in neurorehabilitation, stroke incidence and mortality continue to increase due to the aging of the U.S. POPULATION Sex chromosomes (XX compared with XY), sex hormones (oestrogen and androgen), epigenetic regulation and environmental factors all contribute to sex differences. Ischaemic sensitivity varies over the lifespan, with females having an "ischaemia resistant" phenotype that wanes after menopause, which has recently been modelled in the laboratory. Pharmacological therapies for acute ischaemic stroke are limited. The only pharmacological treatment for stroke approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), which must be used within hours of stroke onset and has a number of contraindications. Pre-clinical studies have identified a number of potentially efficacious neuroprotective agents; however, nothing has been effectively translated into therapy in clinical practice. This may be due, in part, to the overwhelming use of young male rodents in pre-clinical research, as well as lack of sex-specific design and analysis in clinical trials. The review will summarize the current clinical evidence for sex differences in ischaemic stroke, and will discuss sex differences in the cellular mechanisms of acute ischaemic injury, highlighting cell death and immune/inflammatory pathways that may contribute to these clinical differences.
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Li X, Li X, Lin H, Fu X, Lin W, Li M, Zeng X, Gao Q. Metabolic syndrome and stroke: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 40:34-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Bo L, Yi-Can Y, Qing Z, Xiao-Hui W, Ke H, Chao-Chun Z. Elevated tumour necrosis factor-alpha was associated with intima thickening in obese children. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106:627-633. [PMID: 28036103 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the relationship between intima-media thickness (IMT) and immune parameters in obese children from five to 16 years of age. METHODS We enrolled 185 obese children with a mean age of 10.65 ± 2.10 years and 211 controls with a mean age of 10.32 ± 1.81 years. Glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, sex hormones, immune indices and carotid IMT were measured. RESULTS Serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, white blood cells and common and internal carotid artery IMTs in the obese group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05, respectively). Bivariate correlation analysis showed that the common carotid arterial IMT was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, uric acid, apolipoprotein B, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone. Internal carotid artery IMT was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase and follicle-stimulating hormone. Both common and internal carotid artery IMTs were inversely correlated with apolipoprotein A1 (p < 0.05, respectively). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that testosterone, alanine aminotransferase and TNF-alpha were the independent determinants of common carotid arterial IMT. CONCLUSION Tumour necrosis factor-alpha, alanine aminotransferase and testosterone were associated with intima thickening in the early life in obese children and may increase later risks of premature atherogenicity and adult cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Bo
- Department of Endocrinology; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
- Department of Paediatrics; Zhuji People's Hospital; Shaoxing China
| | - Yang Yi-Can
- Department of Endocrinology; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - Zhou Qing
- Department of Endocrinology; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - Wu Xiao-Hui
- Department of Endocrinology; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - Huang Ke
- Department of Endocrinology; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - Zou Chao-Chun
- Department of Endocrinology; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
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26
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Obeid T, Hicks CW, Yin K, Arhuidese I, Nejim B, Kilic A, Black JH, Malas M. Contemporary outcomes of open thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair: functional status is the strongest predictor of perioperative mortality. J Surg Res 2016; 206:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Xia Y, Gu Y, Yu F, Zhang Q, Liu L, Meng G, Wu H, Du H, Shi H, Guo X, Liu X, Li C, Han P, Dong R, Wang X, Bao X, Su Q, Fang L, Liu F, Yang H, Kang L, Ma Y, Yu B, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Guo Q, Wu Y, Song K, Huang G, Wang G, Niu K. Association between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: a propensity score-matched case-control study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34748. [PMID: 27708414 PMCID: PMC5052517 DOI: 10.1038/srep34748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that dietary patterns were associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), but little is known in Chinese. We design this case-control study to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and MS in Chinese adults. In this study, 1492 participants with MS were matched with 1492 controls using the 1:1 ratio propensity score matching methods. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and MS was defined in accordance with the criteria of the American Heart Association scientific statement of 2009. Higher scores for the high-protein/cholesterol pattern were associated with higher prevalence of MS. Compared with the participants in the lowest quartile, the odds ratio (OR) for the extreme quartile was 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10–1.68) and the P for trend <0.01 after adjusted for the other two dietary pattern scores. We also found a moderate consumption of the balanced pattern was associated with the lowest prevalence of MS. The ORs across quartiles of the balanced pattern were 1 (reference), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.68–1.02), 0.69 (95% CI, 0.56–0.85), and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.68–1.04) after adjustment. Our study demonstrates that there is a strong association between a diet rich in animal offal, animal blood, meat, and sausage and a higher prevalence of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huanmin Du
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peipei Han
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Renwei Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuyang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Su
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyun Fang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuntang Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guolin Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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28
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Andres AM, Kooren JA, Parker SJ, Tucker KC, Ravindran N, Ito BR, Huang C, Venkatraman V, Van Eyk JE, Gottlieb RA, Mentzer RM. Discordant signaling and autophagy response to fasting in hearts of obese mice: Implications for ischemia tolerance. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H219-28. [PMID: 27199111 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00041.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is regulated by nutrient and energy status and plays an adaptive role during nutrient deprivation and ischemic stress. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a hypernutritive state characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated fasting blood glucose levels, and insulin resistance. It has also been associated with impaired autophagic flux and larger-sized infarcts. We hypothesized that diet-induced obesity (DIO) affects nutrient sensing, explaining the observed cardiac impaired autophagy. We subjected male friend virus B NIH (FVBN) mice to a high-fat diet, which resulted in increased weight gain, fat deposition, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and larger infarcts after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Autophagic flux was impaired after 4 wk on a high-fat diet. To interrogate nutrient-sensing pathways, DIO mice were subjected to overnight fasting, and hearts were processed for biochemical and proteomic analysis. Obese mice failed to upregulate LC3-II or to clear p62/SQSTM1 after fasting, although mRNA for LC3B and p62/SQSTM1 were appropriately upregulated in both groups, demonstrating an intact transcriptional response to fasting. Energy- and nutrient-sensing signal transduction pathways [AMPK and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)] also responded appropriately to fasting, although mTOR was more profoundly suppressed in obese mice. Proteomic quantitative analysis of the hearts under fed and fasted conditions revealed broad changes in protein networks involved in oxidative phosphorylation, autophagy, oxidative stress, protein homeostasis, and contractile machinery. In many instances, the fasting response was quite discordant between lean and DIO mice. Network analysis implicated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and mTOR regulatory nodes. Hearts of obese mice exhibited impaired autophagy, altered proteome, and discordant response to nutrient deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen M Andres
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Joel A Kooren
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Sarah J Parker
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Kyle C Tucker
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Nandini Ravindran
- Donald P. Shiley BioScience Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Bruce R Ito
- Donald P. Shiley BioScience Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Chengqun Huang
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Vidya Venkatraman
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Robert M Mentzer
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
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29
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van Herpt TTW, Dehghan A, van Hoek M, Ikram MA, Hofman A, Sijbrands EJG, Franco OH. The clinical value of metabolic syndrome and risks of cardiometabolic events and mortality in the elderly: the Rotterdam study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:69. [PMID: 27117940 PMCID: PMC4847340 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the clinical value of metabolic syndrome based on different definitions [American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR)] in middle-aged and elderly populations. Methods We studied 8643 participants from the Rotterdam study (1990–2012; mean age 62.7; 57.6 % female), a large prospective population-based study with predominantly elderly participants. We performed cox-proportional hazards models for different definitions, triads within definitions and each separate component for the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, stroke, cardiovascular- and all-cause mortality. Results In our population of 8643 subjects, metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent (prevalence between 19.4 and 42.4 %). Metabolic syndrome in general was associated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (median follow-up of 6.8 years, hazard ratios 3.13–3.78). The associations with coronary heart disease (median follow-up of 7.2 years, hazard ratios 1.08–1.32), stroke (median follow-up of 7.7 years, hazard ratios 0.98–1.32), cardiovascular mortality (median follow-up of 8.2 years, ratios 0.95–1.29) and all-cause mortality (median follow-up of 8.7 years, hazard ratios 1.05–1.10) were weaker. AHA/NHLBI- and IDF-definitions showed similar associations with clinical endpoints compared to the EGIR, which was only significantly associated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus. All significant associations disappeared after correcting metabolic syndrome for its individual components. Conclusions Large variability exists between and within definitions of the metabolic syndrome with respect to risk of clinical events and mortality. In a relatively old population the metabolic syndrome did not show an additional predictive value on top of its individual components. So, besides as a manner of easy identification of high risk patients, the metabolic syndrome does not seem to add any predictive value for clinical practice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12933-016-0387-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs T W van Herpt
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Mandy van Hoek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric J G Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Wu Y, Yu Y, Zhao T, Wang S, Fu Y, Qi Y, Yang G, Yao W, Su Y, Ma Y, Shi J, Jiang J, Kou C. Interactions of Environmental Factors and APOA1-APOC3-APOA4-APOA5 Gene Cluster Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147946. [PMID: 26824674 PMCID: PMC4732668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. We evaluated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and the MetS risk and analyzed the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS. METHODS A study on the prevalence and risk factors for MetS was conducted using data from a large cross-sectional survey representative of the population of Jilin Province situated in northeastern China. A total of 16,831 participations were randomly chosen by multistage stratified cluster sampling of residents aged from 18 to 79 years in all nine administrative areas of the province. Environmental factors associated with MetS were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses based on the weighted sample data. A sub-sample of 1813 survey subjects who met the criteria for MetS patients and 2037 controls from this case-control study were used to evaluate the association between SNPs and MetS risk. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and SNP genotyping was determined by MALDI-TOF-MS. The associations between SNPs and MetS were examined using a case-control study design. The interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The overall adjusted prevalence of MetS was 32.86% in Jilin province. The prevalence of MetS in men was 36.64%, which was significantly higher than the prevalence in women (29.66%). MetS was more common in urban areas (33.86%) than in rural areas (31.80%). The prevalence of MetS significantly increased with age (OR = 8.621, 95%CI = 6.594-11.272). Mental labor (OR = 1.098, 95%CI = 1.008-1.195), current smoking (OR = 1.259, 95%CI = 1.108-1.429), excess salt intake (OR = 1.252, 95%CI = 1.149-1.363), and a fruit and dairy intake less than 2 servings a week were positively associated with MetS (P<0.05). A family history of diabetes (OR = 1.630, 95%CI = 1.484-1.791), cardiovascular disease or cerebral diseases (OR = 1.297, 95%CI = 1.211-1.389) was associated with MetS. APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821 revealed significant differences in genotype distributions between the MetS patients and control subjects. The minor alleles of APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821, and APOA5 rs2075291 were associated with MetS (P<0.0016). APOA1 rs5072 and APOC3 rs5128, APOA5 rs651821 and rs662799 were in strong linkage disequilibrium to each other with r2 greater than 0.8. Five haplotypes were associated with an increased risk of MetS (OR = 1.23, 1.58, 1.80, 1.90, and 1.98). When we investigated the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster gene polymorphisms, we found that APOA5 rs662799 had interactions with tobacco use and alcohol consumption (PGE<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of MetS in the northeast of China. Male gender, increasing age, mental labor, family history of diabetes, cardiovascular disease or cerebral diseases, current smoking, excess salt intake, fruit and dairy intake less than 2 servings a week, and drinking were associated with MetS. The APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster was associated with MetS in the Han Chinese. APOA5 rs662799 had interactions with the environmental factors associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Shibin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yingli Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Wenwang Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Jieping Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- * E-mail: (CGK); (JJ)
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
- * E-mail: (CGK); (JJ)
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