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Morgans R, Radnor J, Fonseca J, Haslam C, King M, Rhodes D, Żmijewski P, Oliveira R. Match running performance is influenced by possession and team formation in an English Premier League team. Biol Sport 2024; 41:275-286. [PMID: 38952911 PMCID: PMC11167476 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.135414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the possession (very low, low, high, and very high), team formation (3-5-2 and 4-3-3) and position (centre-backs, full-backs, centre midfielders, attacking midfielders, and centre forwards) on match load across two consecutive seasons in elite soccer. Twenty-seven English Premier League outfield players were recruited. Data was monitored through an 18 Hz Global Positioning System and a 25 Hz semi-automated camera tracking system, respectively, and all variables were analysed per minute. Main effects for formation on total distance (TD) (p = 0.006; η 2 = 0.010), high-speed running (HSR) (p = 0.009; η 2 = 0.009), number of high metabolic load (HML) efforts (p = 0.004; η 2 = 0.011) were observed. In addition, there were significant interaction effects with formation × possession on TD (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.043), HSR (p = 0.006; η 2 = 0.018), sprinting (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.030), HML efforts (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.035), accelerations (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.025). From the position-specific analysis, only the running performance of centre-backs was affected by formation or positional factors. These results indicate that formation and possession can have a significant impact on TD, HSR, and HML distance. Furthermore, players performed more high-intensity efforts in 3-5-2 than 4-3-3 formation. These findings suggest that coaches can evaluate running performance in the context of formation and possession and tailor tactical strategies to optimise physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryland Morgans
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - John Radnor
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jose Fonseca
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, Lisbon University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Chris Haslam
- Brentford FC Football Research Centre, Brentford FC, London, UK
| | - Matthew King
- Brentford FC Football Research Centre, Brentford FC, London, UK
| | - Dave Rhodes
- Football Performance Hub, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Piotr Żmijewski
- Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland
- Research and Development Center Legia Lab, Legia Warszawa, Poland
| | - Rafael Oliveira
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, 5001–801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Sports Science School of Rio Maior – Instituto Politecnico de Santarem, 2040–413 Rio Maior, Santarém District, Santarém, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre, 2040–413 Rio Maior, Portugal
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Lobo-Triviño D, García-Calvo T, Manzano-Rodríguez D, Nevado F, Chena M, Piñero-Madrona JÁ, Martín-Ardila E, Raya-González J. Examining tactical sprint actions and distribution among playing positions attending to match status in soccer: Implications for specific training. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301925. [PMID: 38857225 PMCID: PMC11164352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the tactical sprint actions performed by Spanish professional soccer players, considering their playing positions and the match status at the time of each action. Thirty-two Spanish male professional soccer players from a LaLiga Spanish Second Division (LaLiga SmarthBank) team participated in this study. Actions above 85% of the players' maximum velocity during 42 official matches were collected by an optical tracking system ChyronHego® and were synchronized using Mediacoach software (LaLiga, Madrid, Spain). Then, actios were analyzed trough an observation instrument designed to assess the type of tactical action performed by players. Central defenders (CD) and wide defenders (WD) were mainly involved in recovery runs. Central midfielders (CM) also frequently performed recovery runs and pressing actions. Wide midfielders (WM) were often engaged in runs in behind/penetrate actions, while forwards (F) had a diverse range of sprint actions, including pressing, runs in behind/penetrate, and breaking into the box. It was observed that F performed fewer chase actions than expected. On the other hand, CD, WD, and CM engaged in a greater number of recovery run actions than expected. CD also performed more close down/interception actions than expected, while CM, WM, and F performed fewer close down/interception actions than expected. When their team was losing, WM performed more recovery run actions than expected. CM made more runs with the ball when their team was winning CD showed a higher frequency of breaks into the box when their team was winning. These findings provide valuable information regarding the tactical aspects of sprinting in soccer, facilitating the design of specific training tasks that not only address the physical demands associated with each playing position but also considering the tactical context in which sprints occur.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marcos Chena
- Spanish Association of Physical Trainers, Madrid, Spain
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Reverte-Pagola G, Pecci J, del Ojo-López JJ, del Campo RL, Resta R, Feria-Madueño A. Analyzing the impact of non-participation in the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 on LaLiga players' physical performance. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1385267. [PMID: 38645722 PMCID: PMC11026628 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1385267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Monitoring external load demands in soccer is crucial for optimizing performance and reducing injury risk. However, events like the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 and unexpected interruptions can disrupt load management strategies. Understanding the impact of such events on player performance is essential for effective training and recovery strategies. Objective This study retrospectively assessed the impact of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 on the physical performance of LaLiga elite soccer players who were not part of the tournament. The aim was to analyze various external load parameters and determine the direction of their changes post-tournament. Methods Data from 239 LaLiga players who were not selected for the World Cup were analyzed. External load parameters from 8 matches before and after the tournament were compared. Statistical analyses, including repeated measures ANOVA, were conducted to evaluate changes in performance metrics. Results Minutes played and total distance covered showed no significant changes post-tournament. However, maximal speed decreased significantly (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.117). High-speed running parameters improved significantly (p < 0.05), except for HSRRelCount (p = 0.074; η2p = 0.013). Sprint-related variables demonstrated significant enhancements, except for SprintAbsAvgDuration, SprintMaxAvgDuration, and Sprints >85% Vel Max. Acceleration metrics showed significant improvements in Accel_HighIntensityAccAbsCount (p = 0.024; η2p = 0.021), while Accel_Accelerations showed no significant changes. Deceleration metrics remained unchanged, but Accel_HighIntensityDecAbsCount and Accel_HighIntensityDecAbsDistance increased significantly post-tournament (p = 0.002; η2p = 0.040, p = 0.001; η2p = 0.044, respectively). Conclusion Non-participant LaLiga players demonstrated enhanced performance in most external load metrics after the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022. These findings highlight the importance of effective load management during periods of competition interruption and suggest strategies to optimize performance and reduce injury risk. Further research should consider holistic performance metrics and internal load parameters to provide comprehensive insights into player response to mid-season tournaments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Pecci
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Ricardo Resta
- Department of Competitions and Mediacoach, LaLiga, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Feria-Madueño
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Gonçalves LG, Nobari H, Rites AA, Nakamura FY, Garcia GR, Aquino R. Influence of contextual factors on match running performance of starters and non-starters in elite youth male soccer players. Sci Prog 2024; 107:368504241239187. [PMID: 38567429 PMCID: PMC10993682 DOI: 10.1177/00368504241239187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of match location, quality of opposition (classified into: strong [1st to 4th position]; intermediate [5th to 15th position]; weak [16th to 20th position]), and match outcome on the match running performance of starters and non-starters from a top elite Brazilian soccer team. Absolute measures were calculated using total distance, high-speed (19.8-25.2 km·h-1), sprinting (≥ 25.2 km·h-1), total distance high-acceleration (> 2m·s2), and deceleration (< -2m·s2) were recorded by GPS units from a sample of young soccer players (N = 25) in a total of 17 matches. Relative measures were calculated by dividing absolute measures by the total duration of the matches. Non-starters covered greater total distance (p = 0.02), sprinting (p = 0.02), high-acceleration and deceleration (p = 0.04), sprinting distance relative per minute played (p = 0.005), and high-acceleration and deceleration relative per minute played (p < 0.001) when the team plays at home, strong opponents, and wins the matches. Starters covered greater total distance in high-speed running (p = 0.04), high-acceleration and deceleration (p = 0.03), and high-speed running relative per minute played (p = 0.04) when the team plays strong opponents and wins the matches. These findings highlight the impact of contextual factors during matches on the locomotor performance of young soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Guilherme Gonçalves
- LabSport, Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Centre of Physical Education and Sport (CEFD), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória/ES, Brazil
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Alex Ambrosio Rites
- Department of Physiology, Fluminense Football Club, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio Yuzo Nakamura
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Rodrigues Garcia
- LabSport, Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Centre of Physical Education and Sport (CEFD), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória/ES, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Aquino
- LabSport, Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Centre of Physical Education and Sport (CEFD), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória/ES, Brazil
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Wang S, Qin Y. The impact of crowd effects on home advantage of football matches during the COVID-19 pandemic-A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289899. [PMID: 37972063 PMCID: PMC10653546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to (1) analyze whether the home advantage was diminished; (2) investigate the impact of the crowds' support on the match outcome and team performance; (3) explore the bias of the referee without crowds. Based on the PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines, this systematic review searched of literature was conducted in December 2022. The keywords related to soccer, COVID-19 and home advantage were used. The search returned 135 articles. After screening the records against set criteria, 28 articles were analyzed. Results showed that the absence of crowds would reduce the home advantage of teams, but the findings varied by country. Most leagues have evidence that without the support of the spectators, their technical, tactical and physical performances would be worse. The referee seems likely to be fairer when the spectators are absent. Therefore, crowd supports is an important factor affecting home advantage, the clubs can at least try to strengthen the home advantage and increase the winning possibility by encouraging spectators to enter the stadium or reducing the ticket price.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihang Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Physical Education, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
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González-Rodenas J, Ferrandis J, Moreno-Pérez V, López-Del Campo R, Resta R, Del Coso J. Differences in playing style and technical performance according to the team ranking in the Spanish football LaLiga. A thirteen seasons study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293095. [PMID: 37862370 PMCID: PMC10588845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the differences in playing style and technical performance according to the ranking level in Spanish football teams. The sample comprised 38 professional teams that competed in LaLiga from 2008/09 to 2020/21, with a total of 4940 matches. The teams were grouped by their final ranking position: Champion (1st); Champions League (2nd-4th); Europa League (5th-6th); middle teams (7th-17th); and relegated teams (18th-20th). Linear mixed models were used to examine the effects of the team ranking on variables related to playing style and technical performance. The F2 statistic was calculated as effect size (ES). Regarding the style of play, the Champion teams initiated offensive sequences from a more advanced field position than the remaining ranking groups with a descending effect as the ranking position decreased (p < 0.001; ES = medium). The sequence duration and passes per sequence showed a decreasing effect across ranking groups (both p < 0.001; ES = small). In contrast, the direct speed showed an increasing effect as the ranking position decreased (p < 0.001; ES = small). A decreasing effect was observed in the number of sequences ending in the final third as the ranking position decreased (p < 0.001; ES = large) while no effect was found for the sequences ending in a shot. There was a reduction effect in ball possession, passing accuracy, through balls and crosses as the teams' ranking decreased (all p < 0.001; ES = small-to-large). In summary, higher-ranked teams had an advanced starting position, longer offensive sequences, slower progression speed, more ball possession, higher passing accuracy, and more crosses and through balls than lower-ranked teams. Football coaches should consider that adopting a playing style focused on regaining the ball possession in advanced field zones and using long passing sequences can be an effective tactical strategy to improve the teams' ranking during the season.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordi Ferrandis
- Sport Sciences Research Centre, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, Spain
- Catholic University of Valencia, “San Vicente Mártir”, Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor Moreno-Pérez
- Sports Research Center, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Resta
- Department of competitions and Mediacoach, LaLiga, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Del Coso
- Sport Sciences Research Centre, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, Spain
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Muracki J, Nowak M, Kawczyński A, Silva AF, Clemente FM. Match running performance profiles of amputee football players at the national level. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9882. [PMID: 37337014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though running performance and positional profiles in football are well described, amputee football (AF) has different characteristics of the movement, pitch dimensions, and time played. There is a gap in the scientific literature about positional profiles based on running performance in AF. This study aimed to investigate the differences between positions, the influence of the amputation level or defect of the lower limb (LD), the differences in running performance between halves, and the relationship with the final match result. Thirteen AF National Team players were monitored by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), tracking 24 official international matches for 17 months. Values of top speed, peak acceleration, peak deceleration, average distance per minute, sprint mean speed, GPS load per minute, inertial load per minute (Gs load/min), number of sprints per minute, and a number of impacts per minute were analyzed for defenders (DEF), midfielders (MID) and forwards (FOR). Additional factors analyzed were amputation level (below the knee, low amputation-LA or over the knee, high amputation-HA or defect of the lower limb-LD) and the match's final result. Midfielders had significantly higher running performance parameters compared to other positions (greater top speed than DEF (+ 0.3 m/s; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.2 m/s; p = 0.045), greater peak acceleration and deceleration than DEF (+ 0.5 m/s2 for both measures; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.4 and + 0.3 m/s2; p < 0.001 and p = 0.036, respectively), greater GPS load/minute than DEF (+ 0.2 load/min; p = 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.3 load/min; p < 0.001), greater Gs load per minute than DEF (+ 2.7 load/min; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 1.8 load/min; p < 0.001), greater number of impacts per minute than DEF (+ 0.2 n/min; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.2 n/min; p < 0.001). Players with LD had significantly higher running performance than those with LA or HA. In the match's second half, a decrease in running performance was registered. The trend of running more when losing could be observed-AF players had higher running parameters in lost matches, but the differences were not statistically significant. Further research complied with contextual game analysis is needed to assess the running performance of AF players deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Muracki
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Faculty of Health and Physical Education, University of Szczecin, 70-453, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Michał Nowak
- Collegium Medicum Dr.Władysław Biegański, Department of Physical Culture Sciences, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Adam Kawczyński
- Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland, 80-336, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320, Melgaço, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320, Melgaço, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
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Piñero JÁ, Chena M, Zapardiel JC, Roso-Moliner A, Mainer-Pardos E, Lampre M, Lozano D. Relative Individual Sprint in Most Demanding Passages of Play in Spanish Professional Soccer Matches. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11040072. [PMID: 37104146 PMCID: PMC10141546 DOI: 10.3390/sports11040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The objective of this research was to analyse the most demanding passages (MDP) considering the sprint variable relative to the maximum level of sprint ability of each player as a function of player position, final outcome and part of the match during the competitive phase of a professional soccer season. (2) Methods: Global positioning system (GPS) data were collected from 22 players according to their playing position in the last 19 match days of the Spanish La Liga professional soccer in the 2020/2021 season. MDP were calculated from 80% of the maximum sprint speed of each player. (3) Results: Wide midfielders covered the greatest distance at >80% of the maximum speed (2.4 ± 1.63 seg) and the longest duration (21.91 ± 13.35 m) in their MDP. When the whole team was losing, it demonstrated greater distances (20.23 ± 13.04 m) and longer durations (2.24 ± 1.58 seg) compared to games in which it was winning. When the team ended up drawing, the relative sprint distance covered in the second half was significantly greater than in the first (16.12 ± 21.02; SD = 0.26 ± 0.28 (-0.03/-0.54). (4) Conclusions: Different demands of MDP, according to the sprint variable relative to the maximum individual capacity in competition, are required when contextual game factors are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Chena
- Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte de Toledo, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13001 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus Universitario-C/19, University of Alcalá, Av. de Madrid, Km 33,600, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Zapardiel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus Universitario-C/19, University of Alcalá, Av. de Madrid, Km 33,600, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Roso-Moliner
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Jorge University, Autovía A23 Km 299, 20830 Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Mainer-Pardos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Jorge University, Autovía A23 Km 299, 20830 Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel Lampre
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Jorge University, Autovía A23 Km 299, 20830 Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Demetrio Lozano
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Jorge University, Autovía A23 Km 299, 20830 Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
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Chen J, Zhai S, Xi Z, Li P, Zhang S. Impact of absent crowds on technical and physical performances in the Chinese Soccer Super League. Front Psychol 2022; 13:959213. [PMID: 35967645 PMCID: PMC9366115 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Spectators have a significant impact on match performances in soccer, but to what extent crowd support contributes to the technical and physical performances remains unclear. This study aimed to (1) investigate the differences in terms of technical and physical performances with and without spectators; and (2) identify the key factors differentiating between win and loss when playing with and without the presence of an audience. Methods Our study examined 794 performance records from 397 matches during the 2019-2020 seasons in the Chinese Soccer Super League. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-logistic regression was utilized to select significant predictors. Using an independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test explores the difference between matches with and without spectators. Key factors between win and loss were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results Our study found that cross (p < 0.01, ES = -0.24), shots (p < 0.001, ES = -0.25), and shot accuracy (p < 0.05, ES = -0.18) displayed decreasing trends whereas sprint distances (p < 0.05, ES = 0.16) presented an increasing trend without spectators comparing with the crowd support. Moreover, the above three technical variables were the main factors differentiating between wins and losses. Similarly, team and opponent quality remained important potential factors affecting the match outcome. Conclusion Match outcome or team performance is determined by a myriad of factors, but there are clear differences in technical and physical performances between matches with and without the presence of an audience. Similarly, our study provides a better explanation for the impact of crowd support on match performances whereby coaches can deploy players and adjust match strategies for ultimate success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjin Chen
- Department of Physical Education of the Graduate School, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea
- College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhai
- College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Zenghui Xi
- College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Peilun Li
- Department of Physical Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Shuolin Zhang
- College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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Hasan S, Kandasamy G, Alyahya D, Alonazi A, Jamal A, Iqbal A, Unnikrishnan R, Muthusamy H. Effect of plyometric training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation assisted strength training on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13588. [PMID: 35782092 PMCID: PMC9245565 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study's objective was to analyze the influence of an 8-week neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with a plyometric (PT) and strength training (ST) program on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players. Methods Sixty collegiate male football players participated in this randomized controlled trial single-blind study. All the participants were randomly divided into two groups: (1) NMES group (Experimental, n = 30) who received NMES assisted ST and (2) sham NMES group (Control, n = 30) who received sham NMES assisted ST. In addition, participants from both groups received a PT program; both groups received intervention on three days a week for 8-weeks. The study's outcomes, such as muscular, sprint, and functional performances, were assessed using a strength test (STN) for quadriceps muscle, sprint test (ST), and single-leg triple hop test (SLTHT), respectively, at baseline pre-intervention and 8-week post-intervention. The interaction between group and time was identified using a mixed design (2 × 2) ANOVA. Results Significant difference found across the two time points for the scores of STN: F (1.58) = 5,479.70, p < 0.05; SLTHT: F (1.58) = 118.17, p < 0.05; and ST: F (1.58) = 201.63, p < 0.05. Similarly, the significant differences were found between groups averaged across time for the scores of STN: F (1.58) = 759.62, p < 0.05 and ST: F (1.58) = 10.08, p < 0.05. In addition, after 8-week of training, Cohen's d observed between two groups a large to medium treatment's effect size for the outcome STN (d = 10.84) and ST (d = 1.31). However, a small effect size was observed only for the SLTHT (d = 0.613). Conclusions Findings suggest that the effect of PT and ST with either NMES or sham NMES are equally capable of enhancing muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players. However, PT and ST with NMES have shown an advantage over PT and ST with sham NMES in improving muscular performance and sprint performance among the same participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Hasan
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Danah Alyahya
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Alonazi
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Zulfi-, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia,Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Iqbal
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Radhakrishnan Unnikrishnan
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hariraja Muthusamy
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
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Eskandarifard E, Nobari H, Clemente FM, Silva R, Clark CCT, Sarmento H, Figueiredo AJ. The influence of maturation, fitness, and hormonal indices on minutes played in elite youth soccer players: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:89. [PMID: 35581598 PMCID: PMC9115988 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between minutes played (MP) with maturity status, fitness, and hormonal levels, and to quantify their influence on minutes played. Methods Twenty-four elite youth soccer players under-16 years participated in this study, over a full-season period. Anthropometric measures, maturity status, hormonal and physical fitness levels were collected. Participants were monitored during the season. After the end-season, players were assessed in 6 different tests over a four-day period. Results The maximum oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) was strongly correlated with MP (r = 0.75), maturity offset (r = 0.52), and countermovement jump (r = 0.53). Multiple linear regression explained 76% of MP (F (8, 15) = 6.05, p = 0.001), with an R2 of 0.76. Moreover, Growth hormone (GH) and V̇O2max. were the most influential factors in MP (F (2, 21) = 17.92, p ≤ 0.001), with an R2 of 0.63. Conclusion High levels of GH and V̇O2max have a preponderant role in MP by elite youth soccer players, it appears to be more pragmatic to consider other contextual dimensions, as they can impact selection for competition and minutes of participation in a match.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Eskandarifard
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-7344, Iran.,Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-7344, Iran. .,Department of Motor Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, 500068, Braşov, Romania. .,Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran. .,Sports Scientist, Sepahan Football Club, Isfahan, 81887-78473, Iran.
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.,Delegação da Covilhã, Instituto de Telecomunicações, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António José Figueiredo
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Relationship between Variations in the Accumulated Workload and the Change of Direction Ability in Elite Young Soccer Players. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between training workload (WL) parameters with variations in the change of direction (COD) in under-16 soccer players. Methods: Twenty-seven under-16 elite soccer players were daily monitored for their WL across 15 weeks during the competitive soccer season. Additionally, players were assessed two times for anthropometric measures (weight, height, sitting height and leg length), COD performance (modified 505 test) and maturity offset measured using the peak height velocity (PHV). Results: A correlational analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the variation in COD performance and accumulated WL parameters. Moreover, a regression analysis was executed to explain the variations in the percentage of COD performance considering the accumulated WL parameters and PHV of the season (r = 0.93; p ≤ 0.01) and training monotony during the early-season (r = 0.53; p ≤ 0.05). There were associations between the acute workload during the start of the season and the COD during the end of the season (r = 0.47; p ≤ 0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that 55% of the variation in COD performance between the early and end of season could be explained by the acute or chronic WL, training monotony or strain and the PHV. Conclusions: This information might be useful for practitioners and coaches aiming to improve the COD performance in youth soccer players during an entire competitive season.
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Alonso Pérez-Chao E, Gómez MÁ, Lisboa P, Trapero J, Jiménez SL, Lorenzo A. Fluctuations in External Peak Demands Across Quarters During Basketball Games. Front Physiol 2022; 13:868009. [PMID: 35492582 PMCID: PMC9039040 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.868009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare external peak demands (PDs) across quarters (Q) in basketball. Thirteen elite, junior, male basketball players were monitored using electronic performance tracking systems. There were studied intervals for different time windows to determine the external PD for distance (m); player load; distance covered in four different zones; accelerations; and decelerations. A mixed linear model was run to identify differences among quarters, and the auto-correlation function was carried out to determine fluctuations across the whole game. The results showed significant differences between Q1 vs. Q2 for distance, player load, and standing–walking distance; between Q1 vs. Q3 for distance, player load, and HSR; between Q1 vs. Q4 for distance, player load, standing–walking, and HSR; and between Q3 vs. Q4 for distance and player load. These findings suggest that external PD for running-based demands (distance, player load, and high-speed running) decrease across basketball games with the most notable declines occurring between the first and fourth quarters. Nevertheless, it is important to note that non-significant differences were found between quarters for several external PD variables (jogging, running, acceleration, and deceleration) across different time windows. Findings from the present study reinforce the importance of considering specific PD variables for different functions due to the specific insight each provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Alonso Pérez-Chao
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - Miguel-Ángel Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Lisboa
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Trapero
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio L. Jiménez
- Centre for Sport Studies, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sergio L. Jiménez,
| | - Alberto Lorenzo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Impact of the Menstrual Cycle Phases on the Movement Patterns of Sub-Elite Women Soccer Players during Competitive Matches. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084465. [PMID: 35457332 PMCID: PMC9025339 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the menstrual cycle phases on the movement patterns of sub-elite women soccer players during competitive matches over three consecutive seasons. Individual movement data were analyzed and compared in eight players from the second French League at the early follicular (EF), late follicular (LF) and mid-luteal (ML) phases of their menstrual cycle, determined by the calendar method. The movement patterns, expressed as meters per minute, were recorded during competitive matches using devices placed on the player’s ankle. Our results showed significantly lower distances covered at moderate and high velocity in the EF phase than in the LF and ML phases (Cohen’s d effect size = 1.03 and 0.79, respectively). The total distance covered during matches and the number of sprints also were reduced during EF compared with LF (d = 0.78 and 0.7, respectively). Overall, the total distance and distance covered at low velocity were significantly lower during the second half-time of the matches (d = 1.51), but no menstrual cycle phase × game period interaction was noted. In conclusion, our study suggests that EF may impact the movement pattern of sub-elite women soccer players during competitive matches, without any modulation of this effect by the playing time. Despite the low sample size, these results can be useful for coaches and support staff to modulate training loads and player rotation during soccer games.
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