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Yang Z, Chen W, Chen W, Ma Q, Wang H, Jiang T, Fu Y, Zhou X. Factors associated with casual sexual behavior among college students in Zhejiang Province, China: A cross-sectional survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304804. [PMID: 38995903 PMCID: PMC11244799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the characteristics and risk factors associated with casual sexual behavior among sexually active college students and to contribute to AIDS prevention and control efforts among this demographic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a stratified cluster sampling technique. Self-reported sexually active college students were selected as respondents from 11 cities in Zhejiang Province from October 8 to November 30, 2018. A questionnaire was used to collect variables such as demographic information, sexual attitudes, intervention acceptance, and self-efficacy of condom use. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Among 3,771 college students who reported engaging in sexual activity, 675 (17.90%) reported engaging in casual sexual encounters. The multivariate analysis revealed multiple factors associated with casual sexual behavior among students: being male, originating from a city/town, having pursued HIV testing education in the last year, seeking HIV risk self-assessment within the last year, accepting to engage in one-night stand behavior, accepting to partake in commercial sexual activity, having conducted HIV antibody tests within the last year, homosexual partner or homosexual/heterosexual partner, demonstrating self-efficacy in condom usage, and monthly living expenses falling within the range of 1001-1500 yuan. Additionally, students with knowledge that appearance does not determine HIV infection, a proclivity for seeking HIV counseling and testing following high-risk sexual behavior and awareness that the centers for disease control provides HIV diagnosis were found to have significant associations with casual sexual activity. Casual sex is significantly prevalent among college students, with male, students from urban areas, those who accepted to engage in one-night stand behavior and partook in commercial sexual activity demonstrating a higher propensity for such behavior. This tendency can be attributed to several factors including a more liberal sexual attitude, a rudimentary understanding of HIV risk, and a low adoption rate of HIV testing. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance HIV prevention and education among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrong Yang
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Department of HIV/STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiyong Chen
- Department of HIV/STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiaoqin Ma
- Department of HIV/STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of HIV/STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Department of HIV/STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yun Fu
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of HIV/STD Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Ssenyonjo J, Mistler C, Adler T, Shrestha R, Kyambadde P, Copenhaver M. Examining HIV Knowledge and Sexually Risky Behaviors among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:163. [PMID: 38397654 PMCID: PMC10888220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
HIV incidence remains alarmingly high among female sex workers (FSWs) in Uganda, necessitating targeted interventions. This study aimed to identify individual and provider-level barriers and facilitators to primary HIV prevention among FSWs in an urban setting. Focus groups involving FSWs and healthcare providers (HCPs) were conducted to inform the development of tailored prevention interventions. Results revealed that all participants had mobile phones, recent sexual activity, and a history of HIV testing, with high rates of sexually transmitted infections and varying HIV test results. FSWs displayed a well-informed awareness of HIV transmission risks, emphasizing the threat for those not testing positive. They unanimously recognized the crucial role of HIV testing in informing, mitigating risks, promoting ART use, and endorsing consistent condom usage. Despite heightened awareness, HCPs noted potential underestimation of vulnerability. Various challenges, including inadequate condom usage, substance abuse, and client dynamics, underscored the complexity of safeguarding against HIV transmission among FSWs. Widespread alcohol and drug use, including marijuana, kuber, and khat, served as coping mechanisms and social facilitators. Some FSWs successfully reduced alcohol intake, highlighting challenges in addressing substance use. FSWs preferred group discussions in health education programs, emphasizing peer interactions and the effectiveness of visual aids in HIV prevention education. This study provides comprehensive insights to guide the development of targeted interventions addressing the multi-faceted challenges FSWs face in HIV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Ssenyonjo
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Colleen Mistler
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tanya Adler
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Roman Shrestha
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Peter Kyambadde
- Most At-Risk Populations Initiative-MARPI, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Michael Copenhaver
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Nabayinda J, Kizito S, Witte S, Nabunnya P, Kiyingi J, Namuwonge F, Nsubuga E, Bahar OS, Mayo-Wilson LJ, Yang LS, Nattabi J, Magorokosho N, Ssewamala FM. Factors Associated with Consistent Condom Use Among Women Engaged in Sex Work: Lessons From the Kyaterekera Study in Southwestern Uganda. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:969-977. [PMID: 36112259 PMCID: PMC9974574 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
We examined the factors associated with consistent condom use among women engaged in sex work in the Southern parts of Uganda. We used baseline data from a longitudinal study involving WESW from 19 hotspots in Southern Uganda. We conducted hierarchical models to determine the individual, economic, behavioral, and health-related factors associated with consistent condom use. We found that, alcohol use (b=-0.48, 95% CI=-0.77, -0.19), accepting money for condomless sex (b=-0.33, 95% CI=-0.38, -0.28), multiple customers (b=-0.01, 95% CI=-0.01, -0.005), being married (b = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.99), owning more assets (b = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.13), having another income earner in the household (b = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.27, 0.83), condom use self-efficacy (b = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.19), condom use communication (b = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.001, 0.12), and being knowledgeable about HIV/STIs transmission (b = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.15) were associated with consistent condom use. Additionally, 29% of the women were consistent condom users. Hence, there is need to implement interventions that promote consistent condom use among WESW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Nabayinda
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel Kizito
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan Witte
- Columbia University School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, 10027, New York, NY, USA
| | - Proscovia Nabunnya
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua Kiyingi
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Flavia Namuwonge
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Masaka Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edward Nsubuga
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Masaka Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ozge Sensoy Bahar
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Larissa Jennings Mayo-Wilson
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Rosenau Hall CB7400, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lyla Sunyoung Yang
- Columbia University School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, 10027, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Nattabi
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Natasja Magorokosho
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fred M Ssewamala
- International Center for Child Health and Development (ICHAD), Washington University in St. Louis Brown School, 1 Brookings Drive, 63130, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Factors Associated with Commercial Sex Behavior among Male College Students Who Engaged in Temporary Heterosexual Behavior in Zhejiang Province, China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4319194. [PMID: 36619304 PMCID: PMC9822748 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4319194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study explored the characteristics and associated factors of commercial sex behavior among male college students who engaged in temporary heterosexual behaviors in Zhejiang Province, China. Methods The participants were male college students with temporary heterosexual behaviors. We developed an online questionnaire to collect information on demographic characteristics, sexual attitudes, sexual behaviors, and HIV/AIDS interventions through stratified cluster sampling. Chi-square (χ 2) tests were performed for the different groups of participants. The occurrence of commercial sex behavior among participants was taken as the dependent variable, and logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with the participants' commercial sex behavior. Results This study investigated the temporary heterosexual behavior of 424 male college students. Among them were 112 students who reported commercial sex behavior (26.42%), whose average age was 20.25 ± 1.27 years, and whose household registration of Zhejiang Province accounted for 63.39%. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that acceptance of commercial sex behavior (Adjusted (a) OR = 3.53, 95% CI = 1.94~6.40) and feeling at risk of contracting HIV (aOR = 6.44, 95% CI = 2.98~13.94), seeking temporary sexual partners through the Internet (aOR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.27~5.25), consistently using condoms during sex (aOR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.16~0.70), or using condoms sometimes/frequently during sex (aOR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.13~0.68) were independent factors associated with male college students with temporary heterosexual behavior engaging in commercial sex behavior. Conclusion Open sexual attitudes, seeking temporary sexual partners through the Internet, high awareness of HIV infection risk, and low condom use are associated factors for male college students engaging in commercial sex behavior. For college students' HIV/AIDS prevention and education interventions, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of network influence, increase peer education, increase teacher participation in education, enhance college students' risk awareness, advocate for the use of condoms, and promote HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment.
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Pereira LMS, Dos Santos França E, Costa IB, Lima IT, Freire ABC, de Paula Ramos FL, Monteiro TAF, Macedo O, Sousa RCM, Freitas FB, Costa IB, Vallinoto ACR. Epidemiological risk factors associated with primary infection by Epstein-Barr virus in HIV-1-positive subjects in the Brazilian Amazon region. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18476. [PMID: 34531433 PMCID: PMC8446016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify the prevalence and risk factors for primary Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-positive adult treatment-naïve patients between January 2018 and December 2019 in a state of the Brazilian Amazon region. A total of 268 HIV-1 positive patients and 65 blood donors participated in the study. Epidemiological data were obtained from medical records and through a designed questionnaire. EBV infection was screened by the semiquantitative detection of anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA) EBV IgM and IgG, followed by molecular detection of the EBNA-3C gene. The plasma viral loads of HIV-1 and EBV were quantified using a commercial kit. The prevalence of primary coinfection was 7.12%. The associated risk factors were education level, family income, history of illicit drug use and sexually transmitted infections, homosexual contact and condom nonuse. Approximately 58.5% had late initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy, which influenced the risk of HIV-EBV 1/2 multiple infection (odds ratio (OR): 4.76; 95% CI 1.51–15.04) and symptom development (p = 0.004). HIV viral load was associated with patient age (OR: 2.04; 95% CI 2.01–2.07; p = 0.026) and duration of illicit drug use (OR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.12–2.22; p = 0.0548). EBV viral load was associated with younger age (OR: 0.82; 95% CI 0.79–1.03; p = 0.0579). The replication of both viruses was associated with symptom development (HIV = OR: 2.06; 95% CI 1.22–3.50; p = 0.0073; EBV = OR: 8.81; 95% CI 1–10; p = 0.0447). The prevalence of HIV/EBV coinfection was lower than that observed in other studies, and social vulnerability and promiscuous sexual behavior were associated risk factors. A long time of HIV-1 infection, without therapy, influenced the risk of coinfection and disease progression. The viral loads of both viruses may be associated with some epidemiological aspects of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eliane Dos Santos França
- Epstein-Barr Virus Laboratory, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Iran Barros Costa
- Epstein-Barr Virus Laboratory, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Igor Tenório Lima
- Epstein-Barr Virus Laboratory, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Olinda Macedo
- Laboratory of Retroviruses, Evandro Chagas Institute, Virology Section, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rita Catarina Medeiros Sousa
- Epstein-Barr Virus Laboratory, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.,School of Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Felipe Bonfim Freitas
- Laboratory of Retroviruses, Evandro Chagas Institute, Virology Section, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Igor Brasil Costa
- Epstein-Barr Virus Laboratory, Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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Determining the level of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) awareness in Ota, Nigeria. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Carmack C, Roncancio AM, Gerecht L, Ansari M. Perceived partner beliefs about condoms and self-efficacy communication within the context of the theory of gender and power. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 48:1424-1437. [PMID: 32168397 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The theory of gender and power provides a unique framework for understanding condom use by accounting for distinct challenges faced by minority women in particular. This study examined whether self-efficacy about condom use communication (SECC) and perceived partner's beliefs about condom (PPBC) use had an influence on condom use frequency; and whether these associations varied by gender. A sample of 252 African-American college students (101 males and 151 females) completed a confidential online survey assessing SECC, PPBC, and condom use behavior. SECC and PPBC showed significant associations with condom use behavior. Furthermore, there was a gender interaction effect with PPBC on condom use behavior. As PPBC increases toward positive associations about condom use, condom use behavior increased significantly more for females (B = 0.42; p = .02) as compared to males (B = 0.26; p = .19). This study supports the need to teach young women effective communication skills in order for them to accurately assess what their partner thinks about condom-related behaviors; and ultimately not allow partner discouragement to influence their decisions to use condoms. Interventions aimed at reducing risky sexual behavior on predominantly Black college campuses, in particular, may benefit from directly addressing relationship power and focusing on building self-efficacy in communicating condom use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakema Carmack
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Angelica M Roncancio
- Health and Behavioral Science, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Lena Gerecht
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Mohammed Ansari
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Jabr AM, Di Stefano M, Greco P, Santantonio T, Fiore JR. Errors in Condom Use in the Setting of HIV Transmission: A Systematic Review. Open AIDS J 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874613602014010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The efficacy of condom use in declining HIV transmission may be compromised by their incorrect usage. Much focus has been paid on the regularity of condom usage but consumer mistakes and challenges must be considered. Breakage, slipping, leakage, incomplete use and other problems during the sexual event may compromise the protective role of the condom.
Objective:
To evaluate through a systematic review of published data, the type, and incidence of error and problems in condom use, and their possible role in reducing the preventive action of condoms.
Methods:
A systematic literature search for peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and January 2019, issued in English in peer-reviewed journals, and reporting the occurrence of condom errors/problems among HIV high-risk populations.
Results:
Twenty studies representing nine countries met the inclusion criteria. The most predominant mistakes associated with condom use included condom breakage, slippage, delayed condom application, early removal, issues related to erection loss and difficulties with fit and feel were reported, failure to squeeze out air, use of expired condoms, reuse of condom, and wearing the condom outside out were other issues noticed.
Conclusions:
Condom use problems and mistakes are prevalent across the globe. Educational efforts are needed to empower HIV the at-risk population with confidence and knowledge to improve correct condom use and increase preventive activity
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Louka C, Chandler E, Ranchor AV, Broer H, Pournaras S, Ravensbergen SJ, Stienstra Y. Asylum seekers' perspectives on vaccination and screening policies after their arrival in Greece and The Netherlands. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226948. [PMID: 31877563 PMCID: PMC6932865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Europe has been dealing with an increasing number of refugees during the past 5 years. The timing of screening and vaccination of refugees is debated by many professionals, however refugees’ perspectives on health issues are infrequently taken into account. In this study, we aimed to investigate asylum seekers’ perspectives on infectious diseases screening and vaccination policies. Materials and methods Interviews were conducted in Greece and the Netherlands. Asylum seekers and recently arrived refugees were approached and informed with the help of interpreters; consent forms were acquired. The survey focused on demographic data, vaccination status, screening policies and prevention of infectious diseases. Results A total of 61 (43 male, 70.5%) refugees (30 Afghanis, 16 Syrian, 7 Erithrean) were interviewed. Mean age was 35.2 years (SD 13.5) and 50% had received primary or secondary education, while 24.6% received none. Median time after arrival in Greece and the Netherlands was 24 months (IQR 8.5–28). 44 out of 61 (72.1) participants were willing to be vaccinated after arrival in Europe, 26 preferred vaccination and screening to be performed at the point of entry. The need for screening and vaccination was perceived higher amongst participants in Greece (100% vs 43.3%) due to living conditions leading to increased risk of outbreaks. Conclusion Participants were willing to communicate their perspectives and concerns. Screening and vaccination programs could be more effective when implemented shortly after arrival and by involving asylum seekers and refugees when developing screening and vaccination interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Louka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- ESCMID study group for infections in travelers and migrants, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Elizabeth Chandler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Adelita V. Ranchor
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Spyros Pournaras
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, ‘ATTIKON’ University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofanne J. Ravensbergen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- ESCMID study group for infections in travelers and migrants, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ymkje Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- ESCMID study group for infections in travelers and migrants, Basel, Switzerland
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Logie CH, Lys CL, Fujioka J, MacNeill N, Mackay K, Yasseen Iii AS. Sexual practices and condom use among a sample of Northern and Indigenous adolescents in Northern Canada: cross-sectional survey results. BMJ SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2018; 45:bmjsrh-2018-200174. [PMID: 30591551 PMCID: PMC6579555 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsrh-2018-200174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted infections (STI) prevention in the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada is an urgent concern as STI prevalence is seven-fold the national average. The study objective was to explore factors associated with sexual activity and condom use among adolescents in the NWT. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey with youth aged 13-18-years-old in 17 NWT communities. We use Poisson regression models with a robust sandwich error variance to estimate adjusted relative risks estimates of the likelihood of experiencing the primary outcomes of sexual activity (vaginal/anal/oral sex) and consistent condom use (oral/anal sex) in the past 3 months by gender. RESULTS Participants (n=607; mean age: 14.2 years; SD: 1.5) included adolescent cisgender girls (n=302; 49.5%), cisgender boys (n=298; 48.9%) and transgender persons (n=7; 1.2%). Most identified as Indigenous (n=444; 73.1%) and 14.0% (n=85) as lesbian, gay, bisexual or queer sexuality (LGBQ+). Among sexually active individuals (n=115), less than half (n=54; 47.0%) reported past 3 month consistent condom use. In adjusted analyses among girls, sexual activity was associated with age, STI knowledge, and alcohol/drug use; LGBQ+ identity and alcohol/drug use were associated with reduced likelihood of condom use. Among boys, sexual activity was associated with age and alcohol/drug use; LGBQ+ identity was associated with increased likelihood of condom use. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate sexual activity among adolescents in the NWT varies by gender, age, and alcohol/drug use. Consistent condom utilisation was low, particularly for those using alcohol/drugs. Gender-tailored STI prevention strategies with Northern adolescents should address alcohol/drug use and build protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen H Logie
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Candice L Lys
- Fostering Open eXpression Among Youth (FOXY), Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada
| | - Jamie Fujioka
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy MacNeill
- Fostering Open eXpression Among Youth (FOXY), Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada
| | - Kayley Mackay
- Fostering Open eXpression Among Youth (FOXY), Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada
| | - Abdool S Yasseen Iii
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Faust L, Yaya S. The effect of HIV educational interventions on HIV-related knowledge, condom use, and HIV incidence in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1254. [PMID: 30424761 PMCID: PMC6234686 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As high stigmatization of HIV and relatively low knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention measures persist in Sub-Saharan Africa, the improvement of HIV-related knowledge, and the evaluation of which types of interventions are most effective in this regard, is an important aspect of further prevention efforts. In addition, it is of interest to assess whether improvements in HIV-related knowledge may actually lead to increased engagement in preventive behaviours and ultimately lower HIV transmission. This study therefore aims to systematically review and meta-analyse the evidence for the effect of HIV-related knowledge interventions on 1) the improvement of HIV-related knowledge, 2) subsequent risk reduction behaviour (condom use), 3) lower incidence of HIV infection. METHODS A literature search was conducted using the Embase and Medline databases, returning 746 after duplicate removal. Following abstract and full-text screening, 36 studies were ultimately included in the final review. Meta-analyses were conducted in R, using random-effects models, for the HIV-related knowledge, condom use, and HIV incidence outcomes, where sufficient data were available. RESULTS Interventions assessed in the reviewed studies varied, including computer-based interventions, mass media campaigns, and peer education interventions. The interventions were generally found to be effective at improving HIV-related knowledge in the target population, with 10 studies reporting improved knowledge of risk reduction through condom use in the intervention group (out of 11 studies reporting data for this outcome), with 6 reporting these differences as significant (p < 0.05). Regarding knowledge of transmission routes, studies assessing peer education interventions often reported significant improvements in the intervention group. Meta-analysis results showed significantly higher odds among the intervention groups of correct knowledge of: risk reduction through condom use (OR: 3.09, 95%CI: 1.83-5.22, p < 0.0001), sexual transmission of HIV (OR: 5.86, 95%CI: 2.65-12.97, p < 0.001) and transmission through sharps (OR: 4.35, 95%CI = 3.21-5.90, p < 0.001), but non-significantly lower odds of HIV infection (OR: 0.97, 95%CI: 0.66-1.41, p = 0.854). CONCLUSION Peer-education-based interventions appear to be particularly effective in facilitating the uptake of HIV-related knowledge, particularly pertaining to transmission routes. There is some evidence that improved knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention facilitates increased subsequent engagement in preventive measures, although this requires further exploration. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO Number: CRD42018090600.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Faust
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
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Faust L, Ekholuenetale M, Yaya S. HIV-related knowledge in Nigeria: a 2003-2013 trend analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 76:22. [PMID: 29713470 PMCID: PMC5911966 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-018-0268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Given Nigeria’s status as the country with the second highest number of people living with HIV globally, and 9% of the total global burden of HIV being attributable to Nigeria alone in 2013, improving our understanding of the nature of the HIV epidemic in Nigeria is crucial. As HIV-related knowledge may be an important contributor to engagement in preventive behaviours, it is of interest to investigate trends in HIV-related knowledge in Nigeria with the purpose of informing future HIV prevention and education efforts. This study therefore aims to investigate trends in HIV-related knowledge in Nigeria between 2003 and 2013. Methods Data were derived from the 2003-2013 Nigerian Demographic and Health Surveys, and HIV-related knowledge scores were computed based on answers to HIV-related knowledge questions in the surveys. The significance of the difference between HIV-related knowledge across the time points was determined via the Kruskal-Wallis test, and changes in HIV-related knowledge were displayed graphically, stratified by relevant socio-demographic characteristics. ARIMA models were fit to the 2003 to 2013 trend data. Results Although there was generally a decrease in HIV-related knowledge across most knowledge domains in 2008, an overall increase was observed between 2003 and 2013. Unfortunately however, this was not the case for knowledge of mother-to-child transmission, which decreased between 2003 and 2013. The disparity in knowledge of HIV risk reduction between states also increased over time. Conclusion These findings suggest that although HIV-related knowledge appears to be increasing overall, future HIV prevention and education programs should focus on specific knowledge domains such as mother-to-child transmission, and on specific states in which HIV-related knowledge remains low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Faust
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Michael Ekholuenetale
- 2Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa120 University Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
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Faust L, Yaya S, Ekholuenetale M. Wealth inequality as a predictor of HIV-related knowledge in Nigeria. BMJ Glob Health 2017; 2:e000461. [PMID: 29333285 PMCID: PMC5759704 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Considering the high state-level heterogeneity of HIV prevalence and socioeconomic characteristics in Nigeria, it is a relevant setting for studies into the socioeconomic correlates of HIV-related knowledge. Although the relationship between absolute poverty and HIV transmission has been studied, the role of wealth inequality in the dynamics of the HIV epidemic has yet to be investigated in Nigeria. The current study, therefore, investigates wealth inequality and other sociodemographic covariates as predictors of HIV-related knowledge, in order to identify subgroups of the Nigerian population that would benefit from HIV preventive interventions. Methods This study used the nationally representative 2013 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). HIV-related knowledge was computed as a total score based on HIV-related knowledge indicators in the NDHS, dichotomised using the sample median as the cut-off. Wealth inequality and other relevant sociodemographic variables were introduced into a logistic regression model based on their significance in bivariate analyses. ORs derived from the model were interpreted to identify risk groups for low HIV-related knowledge after adjusting for confounding factors. Results The regression model indicated that individuals with lower literacy levels were almost twice as likely as literate respondents to have low HIV-related knowledge (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.95, 95% CI 1.85 to 2.05, P<0.001), and individuals in the upper wealth quintile were less than half as likely than those in the lower wealth quintile to have low HIV-related knowledge (AOR: 0.40, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.46, P<0.001). Women were also more than twice as likely as men to have low HIV-related knowledge at each level of wealth inequality. In addition, women were 80% less likely to have low mother-to-child transmission knowledge than men, but had over 1.5 times higher odds of having poor knowledge of HIV risk reduction measures. Ethnicity, religious affiliation, relationship status and residing in rural areas were additional significant predictors of HIV-related knowledge. Conclusion HIV-related knowledge in this sample is generally low among women, those with low literacy levels, the poor, the unemployed, those residing in rural areas, those with traditional religious beliefs and those living in states with the highest wealth inequality ratios. The identification of these risk groups for low HIV-related knowledge facilitates the implementation of future evidence-based interventions among these groups in order to potentially reduce HIV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Faust
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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