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Kim J, Park S, Kim H, Roh D, Kim DH. Home-based, Remotely Supervised, 6-Week tDCS in Patients With Both MCI and Depression: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Clin EEG Neurosci 2024; 55:531-542. [PMID: 38105601 DOI: 10.1177/15500594231215847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
As depressive symptom is considered a prodrome, a risk factor for progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia, improving depressive symptoms should be considered a clinical priority in patients with MCI undergoing transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) intervention. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of the home-based and remotely monitored tDCS in patients with both MCI and depression, by integrating cognitive, psychological, and electrophysiological indicators. In a 6-week, randomized, double blind, and sham-controlled study, 37 community-dwelling patients were randomly assigned to either an active or a sham stimulation group, and received 30 home-based sessions of 2 mA tDCS for 30 min with the anode located over the left and cathode over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We measured depressive symptoms, neurocognitive function, and resting-state electroencephalography. In terms of effects of both depressive symptoms and cognitive functions, active tDCS was not significantly different from sham tDCS. However, compared to sham stimulation, active tDCS decreased and increased the activation of delta and beta frequencies, respectively. Moreover, the increase in beta activity was correlated with the cognitive enhancement only in the active group. It was not possible to reach a definitive conclusion regarding the efficacy of tDCS on depression and cognition in patients with both MCI and depression. Nevertheless, the relationship between the changes of electrophysiology and cognitive performance suggests potential neuroplasticity enhancement implicated in cognitive processes by tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiheon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- *These first authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Seungchan Park
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- *These first authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hansol Kim
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyoung Roh
- Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Mind-Neuromodulation Laboratory, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Keir G, Roytman M, Mashriqi F, Shahsavarani S, Franceschi AM. Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: Structural, Functional, and Molecular Imaging Features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024:ajnr.A8313. [PMID: 39209485 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Atypical parkinsonian syndromes, also known as Parkinson-plus syndromes, are a heterogeneous group of movement disorders, including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multisystem atrophy (MSA), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). This review highlights the characteristic structural, functional, and molecular imaging features of these complex disorders. DLB typically demonstrates parieto-occipital hypometabolism with involvement of the cuneus on FDG-PET, whereas dopaminergic imaging, such as [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT (DaTscan) or fluorodopa (FDOPA)-PET, can be utilized as an adjunct for diagnosis. PSP typically shows midbrain atrophy on structural imaging, whereas FDG-PET may be useful to depict frontal lobe hypometabolism and tau-PET confirms underlying tauopathy. MSA typically demonstrates putaminal or cerebellar atrophy, whereas FDG-PET highlights characteristic nigrostriatal or olivopontocerebellar hypometabolism, respectively. Finally, CBD typically shows asymmetric atrophy in the superior parietal lobules and corpus callosum, whereas FDG and tau-PET demonstrate asymmetric hemispheric and subcortical involvement contralateral to the side of clinical deficits. Additional advanced neuroimaging modalities and techniques described may assist in the diagnostic work-up or are promising areas of emerging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Keir
- From the Neuroradiology Division (G.K., M.R.), Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Michelle Roytman
- From the Neuroradiology Division (G.K., M.R.), Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Faizullah Mashriqi
- Neuroradiology Division (F.M., S.S., A.M.F.), Department of Radiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Shaya Shahsavarani
- Neuroradiology Division (F.M., S.S., A.M.F.), Department of Radiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Ana M Franceschi
- Neuroradiology Division (F.M., S.S., A.M.F.), Department of Radiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York
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Pradhan SR, Pathinti RS, Kandimalla R, Chithari K, Veeramalla N MR, Vallamkondu J. Label-free detection of Aβ-42: a liquid crystal droplet approach for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12107-12118. [PMID: 38628477 PMCID: PMC11019351 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces a biosensor based on liquid crystals (LC) designed to detect the Aβ-42 biomarker, commonly associated with Alzheimer's disease. The sensor utilizes LC droplets created using a PEI/Tween-20 surfactant mixture, arranged radially in an aqueous solution. These droplets are coated with the Aβ1-16 antibody, enabling the detection of the Aβ1-42 biomarker. The key advantage of this biosensor lies in its ability to directly translate the antigen-antibody interaction into a change in the molecular orientation of the LC droplets, simplifying the detection process by removing additional procedural steps. Specifically, this immunoassay induces a transformation in the nematic droplets orientation from radial to bipolar upon successful antigen binding. When only the Aβ1-16 antibody coated the LC droplets, no change in orientation was detected, confirming the reaction's specificity. The orientation shift in the LC droplets indicates the formation of an immunocomplex between the Aβ1-16 antibody and the Aβ1-42 antigen. The LC droplet immunoassay effectively detected Aβ1-42 antigen concentrations ranging from 45 to 112.5 μM, with the Aβ1-16 antibody immobilized on the droplets at a concentration of 1 μg mL-1. These findings suggest that the LC microdroplets' orientational behavior can be harnessed to develop a biosensor for the in vivo detection of various proteins or pathogens in a PBS aqueous medium. Owing to its label-free nature and distinct optical signaling, this LC droplet-based immunoassay holds promise for further development into a cost-effective, portable diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College Warangal 506007 India
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Abdallah AE. Review on anti-alzheimer drug development: approaches, challenges and perspectives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11057-11088. [PMID: 38586442 PMCID: PMC10995770 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer is an irreversible progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes failure of cerebral neurons and disability of the affected person to practice normal daily life activities. There is no concrete evidence to identify the exact reason behind the disease, so several relevant hypotheses emerged, highlighting many possible therapeutic targets, such as acetylcholinesterase, cholinergic receptors, N-methyl d-aspartate receptors, phosphodiesterase, amyloid β protein, protein phosphatase 2A, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, β-secretase, γ-secretase, α-secretase, serotonergic receptors, glutaminyl cyclase, tumor necrosis factor-α, γ-aminobutyric acid receptors, and mitochondria. All of these targets have been involved in the design of new potential drugs. An extensive number of these drugs have been studied in clinical trials. However, only galantamine, donepezil, and rivastigmine (ChEIs), memantine (NMDA antagonist), and aducanumab and lecanemab (selective anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies) have been approved for AD treatment. Many drugs failed in the clinical trials to such an extent that questions have been posed about the significance of some of the aforementioned targets. On the contrary, the data of other drugs were promising and shed light on the significance of their targets for the development of new potent anti-alzheimer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah E Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University 11884 Cairo Egypt
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Jangra J, Bajad NG, Singh R, Kumar A, Singh SK. Identification of novel potential cathepsin-B inhibitors through pharmacophore-based virtual screening, molecular docking, and dynamics simulation studies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10821-z. [PMID: 38517648 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10821-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Cathepsin B is a cysteine protease lysosomal enzyme involved in several physiological functions. Overexpression of the enzyme enhances its proteolytic activity and causes the breakdown of amyloid precursor protein (APP) into neurotoxic amyloid β (Aβ), a characteristic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, inhibition of the enzyme is a crucial therapeutic aspect for treating the disease. Combined structure and ligand-based drug design strategies were employed in the current study to identify the novel potential cathepsin B inhibitors. Five different pharmacophore models were developed and used for the screening of the ZINC-15 database. The obtained hits were analyzed for the presence of duplicates, interfering PAINS moieties, and structural similarities based on Tanimoto's coefficient. The molecular docking study was performed to screen hits with better target binding affinity. The top seven hits were selected and were further evaluated based on their predicted ADME properties. The resulting best hits, ZINC827855702, ZINC123282431, and ZINC95386847, were finally subjected to molecular dynamics simulation studies to determine the stability of the protein-ligand complex during the run. ZINC123282431 was obtained as the virtual lead compound for cathepsin B inhibition and may be a promising novel anti-Alzheimer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Jangra
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory-I, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Nilesh Gajanan Bajad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory-I, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ravi Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory-I, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory-I, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory-I, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Cheng Z, Zhou M, Sabran K. Mobile app-based interventions to improve the well-being of people with dementia: a systematic literature review. Assist Technol 2024; 36:64-74. [PMID: 37115814 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2023.2206439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global aging trend increases, dementia pressures families and society. Mobile apps that provide interventions and independence for people with dementia (PwD) may relieve this pressure. This study reviews mobile app-based interventions designed for use with PwD, focusing on the type, design, and evaluation of mobile apps. This study searched PubMed, Web of Science, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis, and IEEE Xplore databases for mobile applications designed for people with disabilities and reported the evaluation results. This study aimed to find out what types of mobile apps developed for people with dementia were marketed during the COVID-19 pandemic, to find out what relevant studies have been done to evaluate mobile apps, and whether users have benefited. Twenty papers were eligible, covering four different intervention types and assessment methods. This review found that Serious games can improve the cognitive abilities of PwD and contribute to the mental recovery of patients. Recall therapy and musical mobile apps help PwD slow down memory loss. Personal life mobile apps are effective in assisting PwD to improve independent living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehang Cheng
- Department of New Media Design and Technology, School of The Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
- College of Information Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Minmin Zhou
- Department of New Media Design and Technology, School of The Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
- College of Information Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Kamal Sabran
- Department of New Media Design and Technology, School of The Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
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Main LR, Song YE, Lynn A, Laux RA, Miskimen KL, Osterman MD, Cuccaro ML, Ogrocki PK, Lerner AJ, Vance JM, Fuzzell MD, Fuzzell SL, Hochstetler SD, Dorfsman DA, Caywood LJ, Prough MB, Adams LD, Clouse JE, Herington SD, Scott WK, Pericak-Vance MA, Haines JL. Genetic analysis of cognitive preservation in the midwestern Amish reveals a novel locus on chromosome 2. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.13.23299932. [PMID: 38168325 PMCID: PMC10760262 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.13.23299932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer disease (AD) remains a debilitating condition with limited treatments and additional therapeutic targets needed. Identifying AD protective genetic loci may identify new targets and accelerate identification of therapeutic treatments. We examined a founder population to identify loci associated with cognitive preservation into advanced age. METHODS Genome-wide association and linkage analyses were performed on 946 examined and sampled Amish individuals, aged 76-95, who were either cognitively unimpaired (CU) or impaired (CI). RESULTS 12 SNPs demonstrated suggestive association (P≤5×10-4) with cognitive preservation. Genetic linkage analyses identified >100 significant (LOD≥3.3) SNPs, some which overlapped with the association results. Only one locus on chromosome 2 retained significance across multiple analyses. DISCUSSION A novel significant result for cognitive preservation on chromosome 2 includes the genes LRRTM4 and CTNNA2. Additionally, the lead SNP, rs1402906, impacts the POU3F2 transcription factor binding affinity, which regulates LRRTM4 and CTNNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leighanne R Main
- Departments of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
- Cleveland Institute of Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
| | - Yeunjoo E Song
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
- Cleveland Institute of Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
| | - Audrey Lynn
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
- Cleveland Institute of Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
| | - Renee A Laux
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
| | - Kristy L Miskimen
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
| | - Michael D Osterman
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
| | - Michael L Cuccaro
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Paula K Ogrocki
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
| | - Alan J Lerner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
| | - Jeffery M Vance
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - M Denise Fuzzell
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
| | - Sarada L Fuzzell
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
| | - Sherri D Hochstetler
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
| | - Daniel A Dorfsman
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Laura J Caywood
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Michael B Prough
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Larry D Adams
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Jason E Clouse
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Sharlene D Herington
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - William K Scott
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Departments of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44016
- Cleveland Institute of Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44106
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Sánchez Cabaco A, De La Torre L, Alvarez Núñez DN, Mejía Ramírez MA, Wöbbeking Sánchez M. Tele neuropsychological exploratory assessment of indicators of mild cognitive impairment and autonomy level in Mexican population over 60 years old. PEC INNOVATION 2023; 2:100107. [PMID: 37214529 PMCID: PMC10194319 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the cognitive decline associated with aging, it is necessary to determine the variables involved in this process to implement preventive actions to avoid or help slow the progression of cognitive decline to dementia in older adults. This is a priority in the current pandemic situation, due to the consequences of periods of confinement due to COVID-19. To address these challenges, this study was conducted through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), by adapting an in-person assessment protocol into an online Tele neuropsychological consultation. The correlation between autonomy and cognitive performance variables is analyzed in 47 Mexican subjects over 60 years of age. The results of the statistical analyses suggest a moderate correlation between the level of autonomy and cognitive performance (with MOCA and Clock Drawing Test), significant correlation values are outlined in some of the variables reviewed, and interesting data were found in the correlation of cognitive reserve with cognitive decline and the educational level from the participants. Finally, future analysis is proposed of the sensitivity of screening tests (CDT) to find indicators of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in this population that is not detected in classical tests (MOCA). Developing ICT-based screening protocols for the elderly may be a key tool in these coronavirus times or under any given circumstances.
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Tsiaras Y, Kiosseoglou G, Dardiotis E, Yannakoulia M, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Sakka P, Ntanasi E, Scarmeas N, Kosmidis MH. Predictive ability of the clock drawing test to detect mild cognitive impairment and dementia over time: Results from the HELIAD study. Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 37:1651-1668. [PMID: 36645823 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2023.2167736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in discriminating Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia from normal cognition. Additionally, its clinical utility in predicting the transition from normal cognition to MCI and dementia over the course of several years was explored. Method: In total, 1037 older adults (633 women) who completed the CDT in a baseline assessment were drawn from the population-based HELIAD cohort. Among these, 848 participants were identified as cognitively normal, 142 as having MCI and 47 with dementia during the baseline assessment. Of these individuals, 565 attended the follow-up assessment (mean interval: 3.21 years). ROC curve and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: The CDT exhibited good diagnostic accuracy for the discrimination between dementia and normal cognition (AUC = .879, SN = .813, SP = .778, LR+ = 3.66, LR- = .240, < .001, d = 1.655) and acceptable diagnostic accuracy for the discrimination between dementia and MCI (AUC=.761, SN= .750, SP= .689, LR+ = 2.41, LR- = .362, p < .001, d = 1.003). We found limited diagnostic accuracy, however, for the discrimination between MCI and normal cognition (AUC = .686, SN = .764, SP = .502, LR+ = 1.53, LR- = .470, p < .001, d = .685). Moreover, the CDT significantly predicted the transition from normal cognition to dementia [Exp(B)= 1.257, p = .022], as well as the transition from MCI to normal cognition [Exp(B) = 1.334, p = .023] during the longitudinal investigation. Conclusions: The CDT is a neuropsychological test with acceptable diagnostic accuracy for the discrimination of dementia from MCI and normal cognition. Furthermore, it has an important predictive value for the transition from normal cognition to dementia and from MCI to normal cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiannis Tsiaras
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Psychiatric Department, 424 General Military Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris Kiosseoglou
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and-Dietetics, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Greece
| | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Τhe Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, ΝΥ, USA
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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García-García A, Rojas S, Rodríguez-Diéguez A. Therapy and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: from discrete metal complexes to metal-organic frameworks. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7024-7040. [PMID: 37435638 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting 44 million people worldwide. Although many issues (pathogenesis, genetics, clinical features, and pathological aspects) are still unknown, this disease is characterized by noticeable hallmarks such as the formation of β-amyloid plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and the reduction of acetylcholine levels. There is still no cure for AD and the current treatments are aimed at regulating the cholinesterase levels, attenuating symptoms temporarily rather than preventing the AD progression. In this context, coordination compounds are regarded as a promissing tool in AD treatment and/or diagnosis. Coordination compounds (discrete or polymeric) possess several features that make them an interesting option for developing new drugs for AD (good biocompatibility, porosity, synergetic effects of ligand-metal, fluorescence, particle size, homogeneity, monodispersity, etc.). This review discusses the recent progress in the development of novel discrete metal complexes and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the treatment, diagnosis and theragnosis of AD. These advanced therapies for AD treatment are organized according to the target: Aβ peptides, hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, synaptic dysfunction, and mitochondrial failure with subsequent oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia García-García
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Centro de Química del Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur & Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Sara Rojas
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Hua L, Gao F, Xia X, Guo Q, Zhao Y, Huang S, Yuan Z. Individual-specific functional connectivity improves prediction of Alzheimer's disease's symptoms in elderly people regardless of APOE ε4 genotype. Commun Biol 2023; 6:581. [PMID: 37258640 PMCID: PMC10232409 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04952-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, reliable biomarkers remain unclear that could link functional connectivity to patients' symptoms for detecting and predicting the process from normal aging to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in elderly people with specific genotypes. To address this, individual-specific functional connectivity is constructed for elderly participants with/without APOE ε4 allele. Then, we utilize recursive feature selection-based machine learning to reveal individual brain-behavior relationships and to predict the symptom transition in different genotypes. Our findings reveal that compared with conventional atlas-based functional connectivity, individual-specific functional connectivity exhibits higher classification and prediction performance from normal aging to AD in both APOE ε4 groups, while no significant performance is detected when the data of two genotyping groups are combined. Furthermore, individual-specific between-network connectivity constitutes a major contributor to assessing cognitive symptoms. This study highlights the essential role of individual variation in cortical functional anatomy and the integration of brain and behavior in predicting individualized symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hua
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Modern Languages and Linguistics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaoluan Xia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China
| | - Qiwei Guo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China.
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, China.
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12
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Xu J, Zhang H, Zhang H, Bian J, Wang F. Machine learning enabled subgroup analysis with real-world data to inform clinical trial eligibility criteria design. Sci Rep 2023; 13:613. [PMID: 36635438 PMCID: PMC9837131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Overly restrictive eligibility criteria for clinical trials may limit the generalizability of the trial results to their target real-world patient populations. We developed a novel machine learning approach using large collections of real-world data (RWD) to better inform clinical trial eligibility criteria design. We extracted patients' clinical events from electronic health records (EHRs), which include demographics, diagnoses, and drugs, and assumed certain compositions of these clinical events within an individual's EHRs can determine the subphenotypes-homogeneous clusters of patients, where patients within each subgroup share similar clinical characteristics. We introduced an outcome-guided probabilistic model to identify those subphenotypes, such that the patients within the same subgroup not only share similar clinical characteristics but also at similar risk levels of encountering severe adverse events (SAEs). We evaluated our algorithm on two previously conducted clinical trials with EHRs from the OneFlorida+ Clinical Research Consortium. Our model can clearly identify the patient subgroups who are more likely to suffer or not suffer from SAEs as subphenotypes in a transparent and interpretable way. Our approach identified a set of clinical topics and derived novel patient representations based on them. Each clinical topic represents a certain clinical event composition pattern learned from the patient EHRs. Tested on both trials, patient subgroup (#SAE=0) and patient subgroup (#SAE>0) can be well-separated by k-means clustering using the inferred topics. The inferred topics characterized as likely to align with the patient subgroup (#SAE>0) revealed meaningful combinations of clinical features and can provide data-driven recommendations for refining the exclusion criteria of clinical trials. The proposed supervised topic modeling approach can infer the clinical topics from the subphenotypes with or without SAEs. The potential rules for describing the patient subgroups with SAEs can be further derived to inform the design of clinical trial eligibility criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hansi Zhang
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jiang Bian
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Özduran G, Becer E, Vatansever HS. The Role and Mechanisms of Action of Catechins in Neurodegenerative Diseases. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:67-74. [PMID: 34817304 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1981487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence, incidence and mortality rates of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are gradually increasing. New approaches are being developed to manage the progression and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Catechins, polyphenolic compounds, are key compounds that demonstrate therapeutic effects with their properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The therapeutic effects of catechins have been exhaustively studied in human and animal models. Catechins can have anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing inflammatory pathways and cytokines, as well as antioxidant effects such as chelating metal ions and scavenging radicals. They might reduce phosphorylation of tau proteins, aggregation of amyloid-beta and apoptotic proteins release. They can also decrease alpha-synuclein accumulation and increase dopamine levels. With all these effects, they can have an effect on neurodegenerative diseases. This review points to the potential mechanisms of catechins in neurodegenerative diseases, based on their findings in the literature review.Key teaching pointsCatechins can reduce amyloid-β plaque aggregation and tau phosphorylation.Catechins can decrease alfa-synuclein levels.Catechins can protect neuronal cells with their anti-apoptotic effect.More comprehensive studies are needed to clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülşen Özduran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10 Turkey
| | - Eda Becer
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10 Turkey.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10 Turkey
| | - Hafize Seda Vatansever
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10 Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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14
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Åström DO, Simonsen J, Raket LL, Sgarbi S, Hellsten J, Hagell P, Norlin JM, Kellerborg K, Martinez-Martin P, Odin P. High risk of developing dementia in Parkinson's disease: a Swedish registry-based study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16759. [PMID: 36202962 PMCID: PMC9537530 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia have substantial negative impact on the affected individual, their care partners and society. Persons living with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) are also to a large extent living with dementia. The aim of this study is to estimate time to dementia in PD using data from a large quality register with access to baseline clinical and patient reported data merged with Swedish national health registries. Persons with Parkinson’s disease in the Swedish Neuro Registries/Parkinson’s Disease Swedish PD Registry (PARKreg) in Sweden were included and linked to national health registries and matched by sex and age to controls without PD. Time to dementia was analysed with Cox regression models assuming proportional hazards, with time since diagnosis as the underlying time variable. In this large prospective cohort study, PwP had approximately four times higher risk of developing dementia as compared to age and sex-matched controls, a finding which remained after adjusting for potential confounders. The present results underline the high risk of dementia in PD and further emphasize the importance of developing symptomatic and ultimately disease modifying strategies to counteract this part of the non-motor symptomatology in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lars Lau Raket
- H Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500, Valby, Denmark.,Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Peter Hagell
- The PRO-CARE Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Jenny M Norlin
- The Swedish Institute for Health Economics, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Pablo Martinez-Martin
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Per Odin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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15
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Roytman M, Chiang GC, Gordon ML, Franceschi AM. Multimodality Imaging in Primary Progressive Aphasia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1230-1243. [PMID: 36007947 PMCID: PMC9451618 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Primary progressive aphasia is a clinically and neuropathologically heterogeneous group of progressive neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by language-predominant impairment and commonly associated with atrophy of the dominant language hemisphere. While this clinical entity has been recognized dating back to the 19th century, important advances have been made in defining our current understanding of primary progressive aphasia, with 3 recognized subtypes to date: logopenic variant, semantic variant, and nonfluent/agrammatic variant. Given the ongoing progress in our understanding of the neurobiology and genomics of these rare neurodegenerative conditions, accurate imaging diagnoses are of the utmost importance and carry implications for future therapeutic triaging. This review covers the diverse spectrum of primary progressive aphasia and its multimodal imaging features, including structural, functional, and molecular neuroimaging findings; it also highlights currently recognized diagnostic criteria, clinical presentations, histopathologic biomarkers, and treatment options of these 3 primary progressive aphasia subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roytman
- From the Neuroradiology Division (M.R., G.C.C.), Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - G C Chiang
- From the Neuroradiology Division (M.R., G.C.C.), Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - M L Gordon
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry (M.L.G.), Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - A M Franceschi
- Neuroradiology Division (A.M.F.), Department of Radiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York
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16
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Sm-Rahman A, Hydén LC, Kelfve S. People Living with a Dementia Diagnosis with No Eldercare at all: Who Are They? J Aging Soc Policy 2022; 34:876-893. [PMID: 35957610 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2022.2111165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is a non-curable disease that progressively affects people's ability to handle their everyday life. Still, previous Swedish research found that many people living with dementia (PlwD) do not use any eldercare. In this study, we investigated the association between not using eldercare services and key social background factors: years with dementia, hospital care, and country of birth for PlwD. We identified all people aged 65+ diagnosed with dementia between January 2006 and March 2015 (n = 43,372) using secondary data analysis of information taken from multiple Swedish nationwide registers. Results showed that not using eldercare was more common among younger age groups and men. The likelihood of having no eldercare was three times higher for those cohabiting; notably, almost a fifth of the PlwD who had the diagnosis for four years or more did not have eldercare at all. Finally, people born outside Europe used eldercare less than persons born in Sweden. Since the public dementia policy in Sweden is basically geared toward PlwD in a later stage and primarily in residential care, there has been almost no policy development around the needs and rights of PlwD in their homes. This study provides a ground for reconsidering dementia policy regardless of the ethnic and cultural backgrounds of PlwD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiqur Sm-Rahman
- Department of Culture and Society (IKOS), Division Ageing and Social Change (ASC), Linkoping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Lars-Christer Hydén
- Department of Culture and Society (IKOS), Division Ageing and Social Change (ASC), Linkoping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Center for Dementia Research (CEDER), Linkoping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Susanne Kelfve
- Department of Culture and Society (IKOS), Division Social Work (SOCARB), Linkoping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
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17
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Sharma S, Shen T, Chitranshi N, Gupta V, Basavarajappa D, Mirzaei M, You Y, Krezel W, Graham SL, Gupta V. Retinoid X Receptor: Cellular and Biochemical Roles of Nuclear Receptor with a Focus on Neuropathological Involvement. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2027-2050. [PMID: 35015251 PMCID: PMC9015987 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) present a subgroup of the nuclear receptor superfamily with particularly high evolutionary conservation of ligand binding domain. The receptor exists in α, β, and γ isotypes that form homo-/heterodimeric complexes with other permissive and non-permissive receptors. While research has identified the biochemical roles of several nuclear receptor family members, the roles of RXRs in various neurological disorders remain relatively under-investigated. RXR acts as ligand-regulated transcription factor, modulating the expression of genes that plays a critical role in mediating several developmental, metabolic, and biochemical processes. Cumulative evidence indicates that abnormal RXR signalling affects neuronal stress and neuroinflammatory networks in several neuropathological conditions. Protective effects of targeting RXRs through pharmacological ligands have been established in various cell and animal models of neuronal injury including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. This review summarises the existing knowledge about the roles of RXR, its interacting partners, and ligands in CNS disorders. Future research will determine the importance of structural and functional heterogeneity amongst various RXR isotypes as well as elucidate functional links between RXR homo- or heterodimers and specific physiological conditions to increase drug targeting efficiency in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samridhi Sharma
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ting Shen
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Veer Gupta
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Devaraj Basavarajappa
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wojciech Krezel
- Institut de Génétique Et de Biologie Moléculaire Et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Unistra, 67404, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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18
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Miraglia Raineri A, Bonfigliuoli C, Guasconi M, Camaiani F, Artioli G, Sarli L. Italian validation of the DEMQOL-PROXY: Exploratory Factor Analysis, Convergent and Divergent Validity. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2022; 93:e2022151. [PMID: 35545981 PMCID: PMC9534209 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93is2.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK we present in this paper a complete Italian validation version. We show some psychometric properties of the Italian version of the DEMQOL-PROXY: Structural validity (by use Exploratory Factor Analysis), convergent validity and divergent validity in Italian language Method.We enrolled a sample of 182 caregivers of people with mild to moderate Dementia. In particular, we collected 90 questionnaires of professional caregivers and 92 questionnaires of family caregivers. We used Exploratory Factor Analysis (Varimax rotation), to identify the saturation of items on the relevant factors.The internal consistency of the instrument was evaluated by using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient. Finally, referring to the Validity of convergent and Divergent validity, we used Spearman's correlation coefficient by comparing the various instruments of the study. RESULTS Our result shows that the variance explained by 4 factors corresponds to almost 51% of the total variance. Factors extracted in our Italian version are: Cognition;Negative and Positive emotion; Daily activity and Membership. CONCLUSION The Italian version of the DEMQOL-PROXY point out very good psychometric properties: factors extracted are similar to the original version and convergent and divergent validity show good proprieties. We consider this paper as a complete Italian Validation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Massimo Guasconi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy, Azienda Unità sanitaria Locale di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Leopoldo Sarli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
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19
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Therapeutic potential of neurotrophic factors in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:2345-2357. [PMID: 34826049 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06968-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia among the elderly population. AD is accompanied with the dysregulation of specific neurotrophic factors (NTFs) and their receptors, which plays a critical role in neuronal degeneration. NTFs are small proteins with therapeutic potential for human neurodegenerative diseases. These growth factors are categorized into four families: neurotrophins, neurokines, the glial cell line-derived NTF family of ligands, and the newly discovered cerebral dopamine NTF/mesencephalic astrocyte-derived NTF family. NTFs are capable of preventing cell death in degenerative conditions and can increase the neuronal growth and function in these disorders. Nevertheless, the adverse side effects of NTFs delivery and poor diffusion of these factors in the brain restrict the efficacy of NTFs therapy in clinical situations. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we focus on the current advances in the use of NTFs to treat AD and summarize previous experimental and clinical studies for supporting the protective and therapeutic effects of these factors. CONCLUSION Based on reports, NTFs are considered as new and promising candidates for treating AD and AD-associated cognitive impairment.
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20
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Neziraj M, Hellman P, Kumlien C, Andersson M, Axelsson M. Prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls - a register study among older persons receiving municipal health care in southern Sweden. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:265. [PMID: 33882869 PMCID: PMC8059027 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls are common among older persons, causing deteriorated health status, they have not been studied altogether among older persons receiving different types of municipal health care. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls among older persons aged ≥65 years receiving municipal health care in southern Sweden. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study (n = 12,518 persons aged ≥65 years) using data from the national quality registry Senior Alert was conducted. The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls was calculated based on categorical data from the instruments available in Senior Alert. T-tests, chi-square test, the Mantel- Haenszel test and logistic regression models were performed. RESULTS The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls was 27.9, 56.3, 34.2 and 74.5% respectively. Almost 90% of the older persons had at least one health risk. The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, poor oral health and falls was significantly higher in dementia care units compared to short term nursing care, home health care and nursing homes. The prevalence of risk for malnutrition was significantly higher among older persons staying in short term nursing care compared to other types of housing. The odds of having a risk for malnutrition were higher in short term nursing care compared to other types of housing. The oldest age group of 95-106 years had the highest odds of having a risk for falls. The presence of multiple health risks in one subject were more common in dementia homes compared to nursing homes and home health care but not compared to short term nursing care. CONCLUSION The prevalence of risk for pressure ulcers, malnutrition, poor oral health and falls was high, implying that these health risks are a great concern for older persons receiving municipal health care. A comprehensive supporting preventive process to prevent all the investigated health risks among older persons receiving municipal health care is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merita Neziraj
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 25, SE-20506 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Hellman
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 25, SE-20506 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christine Kumlien
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 25, SE-20506 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Andersson
- Department of Health and Social Care, Strategic Development, Unit of Research, Quality and Education, Malmö Stad, Kungsgatan 13, SE-20580 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Axelsson
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 25, SE-20506 Malmö, Sweden
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21
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Nair RV, Yi PJ, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás B, Murukeshan VM. Au nano-urchins enabled localized surface plasmon resonance sensing of beta amyloid fibrillation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2693-2698. [PMID: 36132375 PMCID: PMC9417577 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00164c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Early stage detection of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) is of utmost importance, as it has become one of the leading causes of death of millions of people. The gradual intellectual decline in AD patients is an outcome of fibrillation of amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) peptides in the brain. In this paper, we present localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based sensing of Aβ1-42 fibrillation using Au nano-urchins. Strongly localized field confinement at the spiky nanostructures of nano-urchin surfaces enables them to detect very low concentrations of Aβ1-42. In addition, the LSPR peak of Au nano-urchins, which is very sensitive to ambient conditions, shows significant responses at different fibrillation stages of Aβ1-42. Reduction in LSPR peak intensity with an increase in the fibrillation is chosen as the sensing parameter here. This paper in this context provides LSPR based highly sensitive, label-free and real-time sensing of Aβ1-42 fibrillation that is highly advantageous compared to the existing techniques which require binding additives or fluorescent biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika V Nair
- Center for Optical and Laser Engineering (COLE), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU) 639798 Singapore
| | - Pae Jian Yi
- Center for Optical and Laser Engineering (COLE), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU) 639798 Singapore
| | | | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore
| | - V M Murukeshan
- Center for Optical and Laser Engineering (COLE), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU) 639798 Singapore
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