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Li X, Ma Y, Huang C, Yang J, Guo M, Xu X, Guo X. Establishing a human-induced pluripotent stem cell line SMUSHi005-A from a patient with hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets carrying the PHEX c.1586-1586+1 delAG mutation. Stem Cell Res 2024; 77:103439. [PMID: 38761687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2024.103439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets typically presents in infancy or early childhood with skeletal deformities and growth plate abnormalities. In this report, the SMUSHi005-A human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line was successfully established from the PBMCs of a female patient carrying the PHEX mutation with c.1586-1586+1 delAG. The iPSC line has been confirmed to have a normal karyotype. The displayed cells clearly exhibit characteristics similar to embryonic stem cells, expressing pluripotency markers and demonstrating the ability to differentiate into three germ layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Department of Nephrology, Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Yiqiong Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunyan Huang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Mizi Guo
- Department of General Practice, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueqing Xu
- Department of Precision Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Zheng J, Park K, Jang J, Son D, Park J, Kim J, Yoo JE, You S, Kim IY. Utilizing stem cell-secreted molecules as a versatile toolbox for skin regenerative medicine. J Control Release 2024; 370:583-599. [PMID: 38729435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells are recognized as an important target and tool in regenerative engineering. In this study, we explored the feasibility of engineering amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cell-secreted molecules (afMSC-SMs) as a versatile bioactive material for skin regenerative medicine applications in a time- and cost-efficient and straightforward manner. afMSC-SMs, obtained in powder form through ethanol precipitation, effectively contributed to preserving the self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential of primary human keratinocytes (pKCs) in a xeno-free environment, offering a potential alternative to traditional culture methods for their long-term in vitro expansion, and allowed them to reconstitute a fully stratified epithelium sheet on human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, we demonstrated the flexibility of afMSC-SMs in wound healing and hair regrowth through injectable hydrogel and nanogel-mediated transdermal delivery systems, respectively, expanding the pool of regenerative applications. This cell-free approach may offer several potential advantages, including streamlined manufacturing processes, scalability, controlled formulation, longer shelf lives, and mitigation of risks associated with living cell transplantation. Accordingly, afMSC-SMs could serve as a promising therapeutic toolbox for advancing cell-free regenerative medicine, simplifying their broad applicability in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungmin Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Daryeon Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggun Kim
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, SL, Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Yoo
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, SL, Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkwon You
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Yong Kim
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Ali HRW, Suliman S, Osman TAH, Carrasco M, Bruland O, Costea DE, Ræder H, Mustafa K. Xeno-free generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from donor-matched fibroblasts isolated from dermal and oral tissues. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:199. [PMID: 37559144 PMCID: PMC10410907 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) can be generated from various somatic cells and can subsequently be differentiated to multiple cell types of the body. This makes them highly promising for cellular therapy in regenerative medicine. However, to facilitate their clinical use and to ensure safety, iPS culturing protocols must be compliant with good manufacturing practice guidelines and devoid of xenogenic products. Therefore, we aimed to compare the efficiency of using humanized culture conditions, specifically human platelet lysate to fetal bovine serum, for iPS generation from different sources, and to evaluate their stemness. METHODS iPS were generated via a platelet lysate or fetal bovine serum-based culturing protocol from matched dermal, buccal and gingival human fibroblasts, isolated from healthy donors (n = 2) after informed consent, via episomal plasmid transfection. Pluripotency, genotype and phenotype of iPS, generated by both protocols, were then assessed by various methods. RESULTS More attempts were generally required to successfully reprogram xeno-free fibroblasts to iPS, as compared to xenogenic cultured fibroblasts. Furthermore, oral fibroblasts generally required more attempts for successful iPS generation as opposed to dermal fibroblasts. Morphologically, all iPS generated from fibroblasts formed tight colonies surrounded by a reflective "whitish" outer rim, typical for iPS. They also expressed pluripotency markers at both gene (SOX2, OCT4, NANOG) and protein level (SOX2, OCT4). Upon stimulation, all iPS showed ability to differentiate into the three primary germ layers via expression of lineage-specific markers for mesoderm (MESP1, OSR1, HOPX), endoderm (GATA4) and ectoderm (PAX6, RAX). Genome analysis revealed several amplifications and deletions within the chromosomes of each iPS type. CONCLUSIONS The xeno-free protocol had a lower reprogramming efficiency compared to the standard xenogenic protocol. The oral fibroblasts generally proved to be more difficult to reprogram than dermal fibroblasts. Xeno-free dermal, buccal and gingival fibroblasts can successfully generate iPS with a comparable genotype/phenotype to their xenogenic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan R W Ali
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tarig Al-Hadi Osman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Manuel Carrasco
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Bruland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniela-Elena Costea
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helge Ræder
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
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Vatanashevanopakorn C, Sartyoungkul T. iPSC-based approach for human hair follicle regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1149050. [PMID: 37325563 PMCID: PMC10266356 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1149050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles (HFs) are a multifunctional structure involved in physical protection, thermoregulation, sensational detection, and wound healing. Formation and cycling of HFs require dynamic interaction between different cell types of the follicles. Although the processes have been well studied, the generation of human functional HFs with a normal cycling pattern for clinical utilization has yet to be achieved. Recently, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) serve as an unlimited cell source for generating various types of cells including cells of the HFs. In this review, HF morphogenesis and cycling, different cell sources used for HF regeneration, and potential strategies for HF bioengineering using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are depicted. Challenges and perspectives toward the therapeutic use of bioengineered HFs for hair loss disorder are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnavuth Vatanashevanopakorn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanutchaporn Sartyoungkul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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5
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Amorós MA, Choi ES, Cofré AR, Dokholyan NV, Duzzioni M. Motor neuron-derived induced pluripotent stem cells as a drug screening platform for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:962881. [PMID: 36105357 PMCID: PMC9467621 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.962881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cell culture models that recapitulate the etiology and features of nervous system diseases is central to the discovery of new drugs and their translation onto therapies. Neuronal tissues are inaccessible due to skeletal constraints and the invasiveness of the procedure to obtain them. Thus, the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offers the opportunity to model different neuronal pathologies. Our focus centers on iPSCs derived from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, whose pathology remains in urgent need of new drugs and treatment. In this sense, we aim to revise the process to obtain motor neurons derived iPSCs (iPSC-MNs) from patients with ALS as a drug screening model, review current 3D-models and offer a perspective on bioinformatics as a powerful tool that can aid in the progress of finding new pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A. Amorós
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Innovation, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Esther S. Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Axel R. Cofré
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Innovation, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Nikolay V. Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Innovation, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
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6
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Stacey GN, Hao J. Biobanking of human pluripotent stem cells in China. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13180. [PMID: 35652319 PMCID: PMC9251045 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, significant progress has been made internationally in the development of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)‐derived products for serious and widespread disorders. Biobanking of the cellular starting materials is a crucial component in the delivery of safe and regulatory compliant cell therapies. In China, key players in these developments have been the recently launched National Stem Cell Resource Center (NSCRC) and its partner organizations in Guangzhou and Shanghai who together, have more than 600 hPSC lines formally recorded in the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology's stem cell registry. In addition, 47 of these hPSCs have also been registered with the hPSCreg project which means they are independently certified for use in European Commission funded research projects. The NSCRC are currently using their own cell lines to manufacture eight different cell types qualified for clinical use, that are being used in nine clinical studies for different indications. The Institute of Zoology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOZ‐CAS) has worked with NSCRC to establish Chinese and international standards in stem cell research. IOZ‐CAS was also a founding partner in the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative which brings together key stem cell banks to agree minimum standards for the provision of pluripotent stem cells for research and clinical use. Here, we describe recent developments in China in the establishment of hPSCs for use in the manufacture of cell therapies and the significant national and international coordination which has now been established to promote the translation of Chinese hPSC‐based products into clinical use according to national and international standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glyn Nigel Stacey
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, Barley, UK
| | - Jie Hao
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Morita Y, Kishino Y, Fukuda K, Tohyama S. Scalable manufacturing of clinical-grade differentiated cardiomyocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells for regenerative therapy. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13248. [PMID: 35534945 PMCID: PMC9357358 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic research on human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)‐derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) for cardiac regenerative therapy is one of the most active and complex fields to achieve this alternative to heart transplantation and requires the integration of medicine, science, and engineering. Mortality in patients with heart failure remains high worldwide. Although heart transplantation is the sole strategy for treating severe heart failure, the number of donors is limited. Therefore, hPSC‐derived CM (hPSC‐CM) transplantation is expected to replace heart transplantation. To achieve this goal, for basic research, various issues should be considered, including how to induce hPSC proliferation efficiently for cardiac differentiation, induce hPSC‐CMs, eliminate residual undifferentiated hPSCs and non‐CMs, and assess for the presence of residual undifferentiated hPSCs in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we discuss the current stage of resolving these issues and future directions for realizing hPSC‐based cardiac regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuika Morita
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kishino
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shugo Tohyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Tan LS, Chen JT, Lim LY, Teo AKK. Manufacturing clinical-grade human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived beta cells for diabetes treatment. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13232. [PMID: 35474596 PMCID: PMC9357357 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The unlimited proliferative capacity of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) fortifies it as one of the most attractive sources for cell therapy application in diabetes. In the past two decades, vast research efforts have been invested in developing strategies to differentiate hPSCs into clinically suitable insulin‐producing endocrine cells or functional beta cells (β cells). With the end goal being clinical translation, it is critical for hPSCs and insulin‐producing β cells to be derived, handled, stored, maintained and expanded with clinical compliance. This review focuses on the key processes and guidelines for clinical translation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived β cells for diabetes cell therapy. Here, we discuss the (1) key considerations of manufacturing clinical‐grade hiPSCs, (2) scale‐up and differentiation of clinical‐grade hiPSCs into β cells in clinically compliant conditions and (3) mandatory quality control and product release criteria necessitated by various regulatory bodies to approve the use of the cell‐based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lay Shuen Tan
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme (TRP), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juin Ting Chen
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme (TRP), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lillian Yuxian Lim
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adrian Kee Keong Teo
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme (TRP), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Uhrig M, Ezquer F, Ezquer M. Improving Cell Recovery: Freezing and Thawing Optimization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:799. [PMID: 35269421 PMCID: PMC8909336 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving good cell recovery after cryopreservation is an essential process when working with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Optimized freezing and thawing methods are required for good cell attachment and survival. In this review, we concentrate on these two aspects, freezing and thawing, but also discuss further factors influencing cell recovery such as cell storage and transport. Whenever a problem occurs during the thawing process of iPSC, it is initially not clear what it is caused by, because there are many factors involved that can contribute to insufficient cell recovery. Thawing problems can usually be solved more quickly when a certain order of steps to be taken is followed. Under optimized conditions, iPSC should be ready for further experiments approximately 4-7 days after thawing and seeding. However, if the freezing and thawing protocols are not optimized, this time can increase up to 2-3 weeks, complicating any further experiments. Here, we suggest optimization steps and troubleshooting options for the freezing, thawing, and seeding of iPSC on feeder-free, Matrigel™-coated, cell culture plates whenever iPSC cannot be recovered in sufficient quality. This review applies to two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture and to iPSC, passaged, frozen, and thawed as cell aggregates (clumps). Furthermore, we discuss usually less well-described factors such as the cell growth phase before freezing and the prevention of osmotic shock during thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Uhrig
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile;
| | | | - Marcelo Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile;
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Stem Cell Studies in Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine: A Possible Key Role of Macrophages. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010122. [PMID: 35053119 PMCID: PMC8773242 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Stem cells are used in cardiovascular biology and biomedicine and this field of research is expanding. Two types of stem cells have been used in research: induced pluripotent and somatic stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are similar to embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in that they can differentiate into somatic cells. Bone marrow stem/stromal cells (BMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), and cardiac stem cells (CSCs) are somatic stem cells that have been used for cardiac regeneration. Recent studies have indicated that exosomes and vesicles from BMSCs and ASCs can be used in regenerative medicine and diagnostics. Chemokines and exosomes can contribute to the communication between inflammatory cells and stem cells to differentiate stem cells into the cell types required for tissue regeneration or repair. In this review, we address these issues based on our research and previous publications. Abstract Stem cells are used in cardiovascular biology and biomedicine, and research in this field is expanding. Two types of stem cells have been used in research: induced pluripotent and somatic stem cells. Stem cell research in cardiovascular medicine has developed rapidly following the discovery of different types of stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) possess potent differentiation ability, unlike somatic stem cells, and have been postulated for a long time. However, differentiating into adult-type mature and functional cardiac myocytes (CMs) remains difficult. Bone marrow stem/stromal cells (BMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), and cardiac stem cells (CSCs) are somatic stem cells used for cardiac regeneration. Among somatic stem cells, bone marrow stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) were the first to be discovered and are relatively well-characterized. BMSCs were once thought to have differentiation ability in infarcted areas of the heart, but it has been identified that paracrine cytokines and micro-RNAs derived from BMSCs contributed to that effect. Moreover, vesicles and exosomes from these cells have similar effects and are effective in cardiac repair. The molecular signature of exosomes can also be used for diagnostics because exosomes have the characteristics of their origin cells. Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) differentiate into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells, and supply cardiomyocytes during myocardial infarction by differentiating into newly formed cardiomyocytes. Stem cell niches and inflammatory cells play important roles in stem cell regulation and the recovery of damaged tissues. In particular, chemokines can contribute to the communication between inflammatory cells and stem cells. In this review, we present the current status of this exciting and promising research field.
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11
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Balsamo F, Tian Y, Pierro A, Li B. Amniotic fluid stem cells: A novel treatment for necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1020986. [PMID: 36533245 PMCID: PMC9751649 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1020986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a gastrointestinal disease frequently prevalent in premature neonates. Despite advances in research, there is a lack of accurate, early diagnoses of NEC and the current therapeutic approaches remain exhausted and disappointing. In this review, we have taken a close look at the regenerative medical literature available in the context of NEC treatment. Stem cells from amniotic fluid (AFSC) administration may have the greatest protective and restorative effects on NEC. This review summarizes the potential protection and restoration AFSCs have on NEC-induced intestinal injury while comparing various components within AFSCs like conditioned medium (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). In addition to therapeutic interventions that focus on targeting intestinal epithelial damage and regeneration, a novel discovery that AFSCs act in a Wnt-dependent manner provides insight into this mechanism of protection. Finally, we have highlighted the most important aspects that remain unknown that should be considered to guide future research on the translational application of AFSC-based therapy. We hope that this will be a beneficial frame of reference for the guidance of future studies and towards the clinical application of AFSC and/or its derivatives as a treatment against NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Balsamo
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yina Tian
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Agostino Pierro
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Jiang B, Li W, Stewart S, Ou W, Liu B, Comizzoli P, He X. Sand-mediated ice seeding enables serum-free low-cryoprotectant cryopreservation of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4377-4388. [PMID: 33997514 PMCID: PMC8111032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) possess tremendous potential for tissue regeneration and banking hiPSCs by cryopreservation for their ready availability is crucial to their widespread use. However, contemporary methods for hiPSC cryopreservation are associated with both limited cell survival and high concentration of toxic cryoprotectants and/or serum. The latter may cause spontaneous differentiation and/or introduce xenogeneic factors, which may compromise the quality of hiPSCs. Here, sand from nature is discovered to be capable of seeding ice above -10 °C, which enables cryopreservation of hiPSCs with no serum, much-reduced cryoprotectant, and high cell survival. Furthermore, the cryopreserved hiPSCs retain high pluripotency and functions judged by their pluripotency marker expression, cell cycle analysis, and capability of differentiation into the three germ layers. This unique sand-mediated cryopreservation method may greatly facilitate the convenient and ready availability of high-quality hiPSCs and probably many other types of cells/tissues for the emerging cell-based translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Weijie Li
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Institute of Biothermal Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Samantha Stewart
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Wenquan Ou
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Baolin Liu
- Institute of Biothermal Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Pierre Comizzoli
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Alle Q, Le Borgne E, Milhavet O, Lemaitre JM. Reprogramming: Emerging Strategies to Rejuvenate Aging Cells and Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3990. [PMID: 33924362 PMCID: PMC8070588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive and functional decline of all tissues and a striking increase in many "age-related diseases". Although aging has long been considered an inevitable process, strategies to delay and potentially even reverse the aging process have recently been developed. Here, we review emerging rejuvenation strategies that are based on reprogramming toward pluripotency. Some of these approaches may eventually lead to medical applications to improve healthspan and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Alle
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Enora Le Borgne
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Ollivier Milhavet
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lemaitre
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
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14
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Nath SC, Harper L, Rancourt DE. Cell-Based Therapy Manufacturing in Stirred Suspension Bioreactor: Thoughts for cGMP Compliance. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:599674. [PMID: 33324625 PMCID: PMC7726241 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.599674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy (CBT) is attracting much attention to treat incurable diseases. In recent years, several clinical trials have been conducted using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), and other potential therapeutic cells. Various private- and government-funded organizations are investing in finding permanent cures for diseases that are difficult or expensive to treat over a lifespan, such as age-related macular degeneration, Parkinson’s disease, or diabetes, etc. Clinical-grade cell manufacturing requiring current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) has therefore become an important issue to make safe and effective CBT products. Current cell production practices are adopted from conventional antibody or protein production in the pharmaceutical industry, wherein cells are used as a vector to produce the desired products. With CBT, however, the “cells are the final products” and sensitive to physico- chemical parameters and storage conditions anywhere between isolation and patient administration. In addition, the manufacturing of cellular products involves multi-stage processing, including cell isolation, genetic modification, PSC derivation, expansion, differentiation, purification, characterization, cryopreservation, etc. Posing a high risk of product contamination, these can be time- and cost- prohibitive due to maintenance of cGMP. The growing demand of CBT needs integrated manufacturing systems that can provide a more simple and cost-effective platform. Here, we discuss the current methods and limitations of CBT, based upon experience with biologics production. We review current cell manufacturing integration, automation and provide an overview of some important considerations and best cGMP practices. Finally, we propose how multi-stage cell processing can be integrated into a single bioreactor, in order to develop streamlined cGMP-compliant cell processing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman C Nath
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lane Harper
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derrick E Rancourt
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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15
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Sullivan S, Fairchild PJ, Marsh SGE, Müller CR, Turner ML, Song J, Turner D. Haplobanking induced pluripotent stem cells for clinical use. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102035. [PMID: 33221677 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by Shinya Yamanaka and colleagues in 2006 has led to a potential new paradigm in cellular therapeutics, including the possibility of producing patient-specific, disease-specific and immune matched allogeneic cell therapies. One can envisage two routes to immunologically compatible iPSC therapies: using genetic modification to generate a 'universal donor' with reduced expression of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) and other immunological targets or developing a haplobank containing iPSC lines specifically selected to provide HLA matched products to large portions of the population. HLA matched lines can be stored in a designated physical or virtual global bank termed a 'haplobank'. The process of 'iPSC haplobanking' refers to the banking of iPSC cell lines, selected to be homozygous for different HLA haplotypes, from which therapeutic products can be derived and matched immunologically to patient populations. By matching iPSC and derived products to a patient's HLA class I and II molecules, one would hope to significantly reduce the risk of immune rejection and the use of immunosuppressive medication. Immunosuppressive drugs are used in several conditions (including autoimmune disease and in transplantation procedures) to reduce rejection of infused cells, or transplanted tissue and organs, due to major and minor histocompatibility differences between donor and recipient. Such regimens can lead to immune compromise and pathological consequences such as opportunistic infections or malignancies due to decreased cancer immune surveillance. In this article, we will discuss what is practically involved if one is developing and executing an iPSC haplobanking strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sullivan
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Paul J Fairchild
- University of Oxford, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Steven G E Marsh
- HLA Informatics Group, Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carlheinz R Müller
- Zentrales Knochenmarkspender-Register Deutschland (ZKRD), Helmholtzstraße, 1089081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marc L Turner
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK; Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jihwan Song
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Biomedical Science, CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - David Turner
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK; Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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16
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Vitillo L, Durance C, Hewitt Z, Moore H, Smith A, Vallier L. GMP-grade neural progenitor derivation and differentiation from clinical-grade human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:406. [PMID: 32948237 PMCID: PMC7501686 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major challenge for the clinical use of human pluripotent stem cells is the development of safe, robust and controlled differentiation protocols. Adaptation of research protocols using reagents designated as research-only to those which are suitable for clinical use, often referred to as good manufacturing practice (GMP) reagents, is a crucial and laborious step in the translational pipeline. However, published protocols to assist this process remain very limited. METHODS We adapted research-grade protocols for the derivation and differentiation of long-term neuroepithelial stem cell progenitors (lt-NES) to GMP-grade reagents and factors suitable for clinical applications. We screened the robustness of the protocol with six clinical-grade hESC lines deposited in the UK Stem Cell Bank. RESULTS Here, we present a new GMP-compliant protocol to derive lt-NES, which are multipotent, bankable and karyotypically stable. This protocol resulted in robust and reproducible differentiation of several clinical-grade embryonic stem cells from which we derived lt-NES. Furthermore, GMP-derived lt-NES demonstrated a high neurogenic potential while retaining the ability to be redirected to several neuronal sub-types. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we report the feasibility of derivation and differentiation of clinical-grade embryonic stem cell lines into lt-NES under GMP-compliant conditions. Our protocols could be used as a flexible tool to speed up translation-to-clinic of pluripotent stem cells for a variety of neurological therapies or regenerative medicine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loriana Vitillo
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK.
| | - Catherine Durance
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Zoe Hewitt
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Harry Moore
- The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Austin Smith
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
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17
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Wang L, Ding J, Stacey GN, Hao J. The Chinese National Stem Cell Resource Center. Stem Cell Res 2020; 50:101985. [PMID: 33341603 PMCID: PMC7494438 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese National Stem Cell Resource Center was first established in 2007 and has progressed to produce and prepare stocks of more than 400 human embryonic stem cell lines. Its facilities are accredited to international standards and it has accreditation as a supplier of cells for research and therapy. The NSCRC also has an active program of translational research and strong collaborations with the Institute of Zoology and the Academy for Stem Cells and Regeneration of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Its translational research extends to early stage clinical studies and it also has a strong training and public education program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinfeng Ding
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Glyn N Stacey
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, 2 High Street, Barley, Herts SG88HZ, UK.
| | - Jie Hao
- National Stem Cell Resource Centre, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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18
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Stem Cell Transplantation Therapy for Retinal Degenerative Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1266:127-139. [PMID: 33105499 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4370-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, progress in the research on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has provided the solid basis to derive retinal pigment epithelium, photoreceptors, and ganglion cells from hESCs/iPSCs for transplantation therapy of retinal degenerative diseases (RDD). Recently, the iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelium cells have achieved efficacy in treating patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, there is still much work to be done about the differentiation of hESCs/iPSCs into clinically required retinal cells and improvement in the methods to deliver the cells into the retina of patients. Here we will review the research advances in stem cell transplantation in animal studies and clinical trials as well as propose the challenges for improving the clinical efficacy and safety of hESCs/iPSCs-derived retinal neural cells in treating retinal degenerative diseases.
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19
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Synergistic Adhesiveness of Fibronectin with PHSRN Peptide in Gelatin Mixture Promotes the Therapeutic Potential of Human ES-Derived MSCs. Cell Mol Bioeng 2019; 13:73-86. [PMID: 32030109 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-019-00604-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy owing to their therapeutic effect in various diseases. In general, MSCs grow efficiently in serum-containing culture media, indicating an essential role of adhesion in their mesenchymal lineage-specific propagation. Nevertheless, the use of non-human supplements in culture (xeno-free issue) in addition to the lack of control over unknown factors in the serum hampers the clinical transition of MSCs. Methods In this study, embryonic stem cell derived mesenchymal stem cells (ES-MSCs) were used owing to their scalable production, and they expressed a series of MSC markers same as adipose-derived MSCs. The affinity of the culture matrix was increased by combining fibronectin coating with its adjuvant peptide, gelatin, or both (FNGP) on tissue culture polystyrene to compare the regenerative, therapeutic activities of ES-MSCs with a cell binding plate as a commercial control. Results The FNGP culture plate promoted pivotal therapeutic functions of ES-MSCs as evidenced by their increased stemness as well as anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic effects in vitro. Indeed, after culturing on the FNGP plates, ES-MSCs efficiently rescued the necrotic damages in mouse ischemic hindlimb model. Conclusions This study suggests a potential solution by promoting the surface affinity of culture plates using a mixture of human fibronectin and its adjuvant PHSRN peptide in gelatin. The FNGP plate is expected to serve as an effective alternative for serum-free MSC expansion for bench to clinical transition.
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20
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Ashmore-Harris C, Blackford SJ, Grimsdell B, Kurtys E, Glatz MC, Rashid TS, Fruhwirth GO. Reporter gene-engineering of human induced pluripotent stem cells during differentiation renders in vivo traceable hepatocyte-like cells accessible. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101599. [PMID: 31707210 PMCID: PMC6905152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatocyte transplantation (HTx) is a safe cell therapy for patients with liver disease, but wider application is circumvented by poor cell engraftment due to limitations in hepatocyte quality and transplantation strategies. Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) are considered a promising alternative but also require optimisation of transplantation and are often transplanted prior to full maturation. Whole-body in vivo imaging would be highly beneficial to assess engraftment non-invasively and monitor the transplanted cells in the short and long-term. Here we report a lentiviral transduction approach designed to engineer hiPSC-derived HLCs during differentiation. This strategy resulted in the successful production of sodium iodide symporter (NIS)-expressing HLCs that were functionally characterised, transplanted into mice, and subsequently imaged using radionuclide tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Ashmore-Harris
- Imaging Therapy and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London (KCL), London, SE1 7EH, UK; Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Guy's Hospital, KCL, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Samuel Ji Blackford
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Guy's Hospital, KCL, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Benjamin Grimsdell
- Imaging Therapy and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London (KCL), London, SE1 7EH, UK; Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Shepherd's House, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Ewelina Kurtys
- Imaging Therapy and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London (KCL), London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Marlies C Glatz
- Imaging Therapy and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London (KCL), London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Tamir S Rashid
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Guy's Hospital, KCL, London SE1 9RT, UK; Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Gilbert O Fruhwirth
- Imaging Therapy and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London (KCL), London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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21
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Sung TC, Li HF, Higuchi A, Kumar SS, Ling QD, Wu YW, Burnouf T, Nasu M, Umezawa A, Lee KF, Wang HC, Chang Y, Hsu ST. Effect of cell culture biomaterials for completely xeno-free generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Biomaterials 2019; 230:119638. [PMID: 31810728 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were generated on several biomaterials from human amniotic fluid in completely xeno-free and feeder-free conditions via the transfection of pluripotent genes using a nonintegrating RNA Sendai virus vector. The effect of xeno-free culture medium on the efficiency of the establishment of human amniotic fluid stem cells from amniotic fluid was evaluated. Subsequently, the effect of cell culture biomaterials on the reprogramming efficiency was investigated during the reprogramming of human amniotic fluid stem cells into hiPSCs. Cells cultured in laminin-511, laminin-521, and Synthemax II-coated dishes and hydrogels having optimal elasticity that were engrafted with specific oligopeptides derived from vitronectin could be reprogrammed into hiPSCs with high efficiency. The reprogrammed cells expressed pluripotency proteins and had the capability to differentiate into cells derived from all three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. Human iPSCs could be generated successfully and at high efficiency (0.15-0.25%) in completely xeno-free conditions from the selection of optimal cell culture biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fen Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 16, Xinsan Road, Hi-tech Industry Park, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200, Chung-Bei Rd., Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan; Center for Emergent Matter Science, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - S Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei, 221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International PhD Program in Cellular Therapies and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michiyo Nasu
- Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kuei-Fang Lee
- Precision Medical Laboratory, Lee's OB/GYN Clinic, No. 9, Ln. 31, Sec. 2, Jinshan S. Rd., Da'an Dist., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chow Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hungchi Women & Children's Hospital, No.223, Yuanhua Rd., Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Yung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200, Chung-Bei Rd., Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tien Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, 77, Kuangtai Road, Pingjen City, Taoyuan, 32405, Taiwan
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22
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Nikitina TV, Kashevarova AA, Lebedev IN. Chromosomal Instability and Karyotype Correction in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795419100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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MacArthur CC, Pradhan S, Wetton N, Zarrabi A, Dargitz C, Sridharan M, Jackson S, Pickle L, Lakshmipathy U. Generation and comprehensive characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells for translational research. Regen Med 2019; 14:505-524. [PMID: 31115261 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold immense potential in disease modeling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Despite advances in reprogramming methods, generation of clinical-grade iPSCs remains a challenge. Reported here is the first off-the-shelf reprogramming kit, CTS CytoTune-iPS 2.1, specifically designed for clinical and translational research. Workflow gaps were identified, and methods developed were used to consistently generate iPSC from multiple cell types. Resulting clones were subjected to characterization that included confirmation of pluripotency, preservation of genomic integrity and authentication of cell banks via an array of molecular methods including high resolution microarray and next-generation sequencing. Development of integrated xeno-free workflows combined with comprehensive characterization offers generation of high-quality iPSCs that are suited for clinical and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad C MacArthur
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Suman Pradhan
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Nichole Wetton
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Aryan Zarrabi
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Carl Dargitz
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Mahalakshmi Sridharan
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Stephen Jackson
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Loni Pickle
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Uma Lakshmipathy
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
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24
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Blackford SJ, Ng SS, Segal JM, King AJ, Austin AL, Kent D, Moore J, Sheldon M, Ilic D, Dhawan A, Mitry RR, Rashid ST. Validation of Current Good Manufacturing Practice Compliant Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Hepatocytes for Cell-Based Therapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:124-137. [PMID: 30456803 PMCID: PMC6344902 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in the production of hepatocytes from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-Heps) afford tremendous possibilities for treatment of patients with liver disease. Validated current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) lines are an essential prerequisite for such applications but have only recently been established. Whether such cGMP lines are capable of hepatic differentiation is not known. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the proficiency of three recently derived cGMP lines (two hiPSC and one hESC) to differentiate into hepatocytes and their suitability for therapy. hPSC-Heps generated using a chemically defined four-step hepatic differentiation protocol uniformly demonstrated highly reproducible phenotypes and functionality. Seeding into a 3D poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate fabricated inverted colloid crystal scaffold converted these immature progenitors into more advanced hepatic tissue structures. Hepatic constructs could also be successfully encapsulated into the immune-privileged material alginate and remained viable as well as functional upon transplantation into immune competent mice. This is the first report we are aware of demonstrating cGMP-compliant hPSCs can generate cells with advanced hepatic function potentially suitable for future therapeutic applications. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:124&14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J.I. Blackford
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Soon Seng Ng
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Joe M. Segal
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Aileen J.F. King
- Diabetes Research GroupFaculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Amazon L. Austin
- Diabetes Research GroupFaculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Deniz Kent
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Moore
- RUCDR Infinite BiologicsRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Michael Sheldon
- RUCDR Infinite BiologicsRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Women and Children's HealthFaculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anil Dhawan
- Institute for Liver StudiesKing's College Hospital, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ragai R. Mitry
- Institute for Liver StudiesKing's College Hospital, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - S. Tamir Rashid
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Institute for Liver StudiesKing's College Hospital, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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25
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Rosati J, Ferrari D, Altieri F, Tardivo S, Ricciolini C, Fusilli C, Zalfa C, Profico DC, Pinos F, Bernardini L, Torres B, Manni I, Piaggio G, Binda E, Copetti M, Lamorte G, Mazza T, Carella M, Gelati M, Valente EM, Simeone A, Vescovi AL. Establishment of stable iPS-derived human neural stem cell lines suitable for cell therapies. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:937. [PMID: 30224709 PMCID: PMC6141489 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Establishing specific cell lineages from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is vital for cell therapy approaches in regenerative medicine, particularly for neurodegenerative disorders. While neural precursors have been induced from hiPSCs, the establishment of hiPSC-derived human neural stem cells (hiNSCs), with characteristics that match foetal hNSCs and abide by cGMP standards, thus allowing clinical applications, has not been described. We generated hiNSCs by a virus-free technique, whose properties recapitulate those of the clinical-grade hNSCs successfully used in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) phase I clinical trial. Ex vivo, hiNSCs critically depend on exogenous mitogens for stable self-renewal and amplification and spontaneously differentiate into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and neurons upon their removal. In the brain of immunodeficient mice, hiNSCs engraft and differentiate into neurons and glia, without tumour formation. These findings now warrant the establishment of clinical-grade, autologous and continuous hiNSC lines for clinical trials in neurological diseases such as Huntington’s, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rosati
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy
| | - Filomena Altieri
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvia Tardivo
- Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Ricciolini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Cell Factory e Biobank, Terni Hospital, Via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy
| | - Caterina Fusilli
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Cristina Zalfa
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela C Profico
- Production Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Pinos
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Bernardini
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Barbara Torres
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Isabella Manni
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Binda
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit (ICS), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Biostatistic Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lamorte
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Cell Factory e Biobank, Terni Hospital, Via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.,Production Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Simeone
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati Traverso, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy.,IRCSS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Angelo L Vescovi
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy. .,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 220126, Milan, Italy. .,Stem Cell Laboratory, Cell Factory e Biobank, Terni Hospital, Via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy.
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26
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Schlaeger TM. Nonintegrating Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming Methods. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 163:1-21. [PMID: 29075799 DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traditional biomedical research and preclinical studies frequently rely on animal models and repeatedly draw on a relatively small set of human cell lines, such as HeLa, HEK293, HepG2, HL60, and PANC1 cells. However, animal models often fail to reproduce important clinical phenotypes and conventional cell lines only represent a small number of cell types or diseases, have very limited ethnic/genetic diversity, and either senesce quickly or carry potentially confounding immortalizing mutations. In recent years, human pluripotent stem cells have attracted a lot of attention, in part because these cells promise more precise modeling of human diseases. Expectations are also high that pluripotent stem cell technologies can deliver cell-based therapeutics for the cure of a wide range of degenerative and other diseases. This review focuses on episomal and Sendai viral reprogramming modalities, which are the most popular methods for generating transgene-free human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from easily accessible cell sources. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten M Schlaeger
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Karp RB09213, 1 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02446, USA.
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27
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Ntai A, La Spada A, De Blasio P, Biunno I. Trehalose to cryopreserve human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2018; 31:102-112. [PMID: 30071393 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful exploitation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for research, translational or commercial reasons requires the implementation of a simple and efficient cryopreservation method. Cryopreservation is usually performed with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), in addition to animal proteins. However, even at sub-toxic levels, DMSO diminishes the pluripotency capacity of hPSCs and affects their epigenetic system by acting on the three DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) and histone modification enzymes. Our study aimed to test trehalose-based cryosolutions containing ethylene glycol (EG) or glycerol (GLY) on hESCs RC17, hiPSCs CTR2#6 and long-term neuroepithelial-like stem cells (lt-NES) AF22. Here, we demostrate the effectiveness of these cryosolutions in hPSCs by showing an acceptable rate of cell viability and high stability compared to standard 10% DMSO freezing medium (CS10). All cell lines retained their morphology, self renewal potential and pluripotency, and none of the cryosolutions affected their differentiation potential. Genotoxicity varied among different stem cells types, while trehalose-based cryopreservation did not sensibly alter the homeostasis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This study provides evidence that pluripotent and neural stem cells stored in trehalose alone or with other cryoprotectants (CPAs) maintain their functional properties, indicating their potential use in cell therapies if produced in good manufacturing practice (GMP) facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Ntai
- Integrated Systems Engineering S.r.l. (ISENET), Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto La Spada
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Blasio
- Integrated Systems Engineering S.r.l. (ISENET), Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ida Biunno
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy; IRCCS Multimedica, via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy.
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28
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Golas MM. Human cellular models of medium spiny neuron development and Huntington disease. Life Sci 2018; 209:179-196. [PMID: 30031060 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The loss of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum is the hallmark of Huntington disease (HD), an incurable neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor, psychiatric, and cognitive symptoms. Transplantation of MSNs or their precursors represents a promising treatment strategy for HD. In initial clinical trials in which HD patients received fetal neurografts directly into the striatum without a pretransplant cell-differentiation step, some patients exhibited temporary benefits. Meanwhile, major challenges related to graft overgrowth, insufficient survival of grafted cells, and limited availability of donated fetal tissue remain. Thus, the development of approaches that allow modeling of MSN differentiation and HD development in cell culture platforms may improve our understanding of HD and translate, ultimately, into HD treatment options. Here, recent advances in the in vitro differentiation of MSNs derived from fetal neural stem cells/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and induced NSCs (iNSCs) as well as advances in direct transdifferentiation are reviewed. Progress in non-allele specific and allele specific gene editing of HTT is presented as well. Cell characterization approaches involving phenotyping as well as in vitro and in vivo functional assays are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika M Golas
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Alle 3, Building 1233, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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29
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Stelcer E, Kulcenty K, Rucinski M, Jopek K, Richter M, Trzeciak T, Suchorska WM. Forced differentiation in vitro leads to stress-induced activation of DNA damage response in hiPSC-derived chondrocyte-like cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198079. [PMID: 29864138 PMCID: PMC5986142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A human induced pluripotent stem cell line (GPCCi001-A) created by our group was differentiated towards chondrocyte-like cells (ChiPS) via monolayer culturing with growth factors. ChiPS are promising because they have the potential to be used in tissue engineering to regenerate articular cartilage. However, their safety must be confirmed before they can be routinely used in regenerative medicine. Using microarray analysis, we compared the ChiPS to both GPCCi001-A cells and chondrocytes. The analysis showed that, compared to both GPCCi001-A cells and chondrocytes, the expression of genes engaged in DNA damage and in the tumor protein p53 signalling pathways was significantly higher in the ChiPS. The significant amount of DNA double strand breaks and increased DNA damage response may lead to incomplete DNA repair and the accumulation of mutations and, ultimately, to genetic instability. These findings provide evidence indicating that the differentiation process in vitro places stress on human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The results of this study raise doubts about the use of stem cell-derived components given the negative effects of the differentiation process in vitro on hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Stelcer
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- The Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Katarzyna Kulcenty
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Rucinski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karol Jopek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Richter
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Trzeciak
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Maria Suchorska
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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30
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Stephenson MK, Farris AL, Grayson WL. Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering Strategies for the Treatment of Joint Damage. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2018; 19:44. [PMID: 28718059 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-017-0671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW While the clinical potential of tissue engineering for treating joint damage has yet to be realized, research and commercialization efforts in the field are geared towards overcoming major obstacles to clinical translation, as well as towards achieving engineered grafts that recapitulate the unique structures, function, and physiology of the joint. In this review, we describe recent advances in technologies aimed at obtaining biomaterials, stem cells, and bioreactors that will enable the development of effective tissue-engineered treatments for repairing joint damage. RECENT FINDINGS 3D printing of scaffolds is aimed at improving the mechanical structure and microenvironment necessary for bone regeneration within a damaged joint. Advances in our understanding of stem cell biology and cell manufacturing processes are informing translational strategies for the therapeutic use of allogeneic and autologous cells. Finally, bioreactors used in combination with cells and biomaterials are promising strategies for generating large tissue grafts for repairing damaged tissues in pre-clinical models. Together, these advances along with ongoing research directions are making tissue engineering increasingly viable for the treatment of joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makeda K Stephenson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley L Farris
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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31
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Sonntag KC, Song B, Lee N, Jung JH, Cha Y, Leblanc P, Neff C, Kong SW, Carter BS, Schweitzer J, Kim KS. Pluripotent stem cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease: Current status and future prospects. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 168:1-20. [PMID: 29653250 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, which affects about 0.3% of the general population. As the population in the developed world ages, this creates an escalating burden on society both in economic terms and in quality of life for these patients and for the families that support them. Although currently available pharmacological or surgical treatments may significantly improve the quality of life of many patients with PD, these are symptomatic treatments that do not slow or stop the progressive course of the disease. Because motor impairments in PD largely result from loss of midbrain dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, PD has long been considered to be one of the most promising target diseases for cell-based therapy. Indeed, numerous clinical and preclinical studies using fetal cell transplantation have provided proof of concept that cell replacement therapy may be a viable therapeutic approach for PD. However, the use of human fetal cells as a standardized therapeutic regimen has been fraught with fundamental ethical, practical, and clinical issues, prompting scientists to explore alternative cell sources. Based on groundbreaking establishments of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, these human pluripotent stem cells have been the subject of extensive research, leading to tremendous advancement in our understanding of these novel classes of stem cells and promising great potential for regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the prospects and challenges of human pluripotent stem cell-based cell therapy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-C Sonntag
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Laboratory for Translational Research on Neurodegeneration, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States; Program for Neuropsychiatric Research, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States
| | - Nayeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States
| | - Jin Hyuk Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States
| | - Young Cha
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States
| | - Pierre Leblanc
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States
| | - Carolyn Neff
- Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Sek Won Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, United States; Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Bob S Carter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
| | - Jeffrey Schweitzer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, United States.
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, United States.
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32
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Neochamaejasmin A inhibits K V 1.4 channel activity via direct binding to the pore. Brain Res 2018; 1683:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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33
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Oliveira T, Costa I, Marinho V, Carvalho V, Uchôa K, Ayres C, Teixeira S, Vasconcelos DFP. Human foreskin fibroblasts: from waste bag to important biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL UROLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2051415818761526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circumcision is one of the most performed surgical procedures worldwide, and it is estimated that one in three men worldwide is circumcised, which makes the preputial skin removed after surgery an abundant material for possible applications. In particular, it is possible efficiently to isolate the cells of the foreskin, with fibroblasts being the most abundant cells of the dermis and the most used in biomedical research. This work aimed to review the knowledge and obtain a broad view of the main applications of human foreskin fibroblast cell culture. A literature search was conducted, including clinical trials, preclinical basic research studies, reviews and experimental studies. Several medical and laboratory applications of human foreskin fibroblast cell culture have been described, especially when it comes to the use of human foreskin fibroblasts as feeder cells for the cultivation of human embryonic stem cells, in addition to co-culture with other cell types. The culture of foreskin fibroblasts has also been used to: obtain induced pluripotent stem cells; the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile; to test the toxicity and effect of substances on normal cells, especially the toxicity of possible antineoplastic drugs; in viral culture, mainly of the human cytomegalovirus, study of the pathogenesis of other microorganisms; varied studies of cellular physiology and cellular interactions. Fibroblasts are important for cell models for varied application cultures, demonstrating how the preputial material can be reused, making possible new applications. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomaz Oliveira
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
- Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
| | - Ilana Costa
- Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
| | - Victor Marinho
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
- Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
| | - Valécia Carvalho
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
- Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
| | - Karla Uchôa
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
- Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
| | - Carla Ayres
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
| | - Silmar Teixeira
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Brazil
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34
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Luo M, Chen Y. Application of stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelium in retinal degenerative diseases: present and future. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:150-159. [PMID: 29376004 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.01.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a constituent of blood-retinal barrier and retinal outer segment (ROS) scavenger, retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is fundamental to normal function of retina. Malfunctioning of RPE contributes to the onset and advance of retinal degenerative diseases. Up to date, RPE replacement therapy is the only possible method to completely reverse retinal degeneration. Transplantation of human RPE stem cell-derived RPE (hRPESC-RPE) has shown some good results in animal models. With promising results in terms of safety and visual improvement, human embryonic stem cell-derived RPE (hESC-RPE) can be expected in clinical settings in the near future. Despite twists and turns, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE (iPSC-RPE) is now being intensely investigated to overcome genetic and epigenetic instability. By far, only one patient has received iPSC-RPE transplant, which is a hallmark of iPSC technology development. During follow-up, no major complications such as immunogenicity or tumorigenesis have been observed. Future trials should keep focusing on the safety of stem cell-derived RPE (SC-RPE) especially in long period, and better understanding of the nature of stem cell and the molecular events in the process to generate SC-RPE is necessary to the prosperity of SC-RPE clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Youxin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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35
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Llonch S, Carido M, Ader M. Organoid technology for retinal repair. Dev Biol 2017; 433:132-143. [PMID: 29291970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A major cause for vision impairment and blindness in industrialized countries is the loss of the light-sensing retinal tissue in the eye. Photoreceptor damage is one of the main characteristics found in retinal degeneration diseases, such as Retinitis Pigmentosa or age-related macular degeneration. The lack of effective therapies to stop photoreceptor loss together with the absence of significant intrinsic regeneration in the human retina converts such degenerative diseases into permanent conditions that are currently irreversible. Cell replacement by means of photoreceptor transplantation has been proposed as a potential approach to tackle cell loss in the retina. Since the first attempt of photoreceptor transplantation in humans, about twenty years ago, several research groups have focused in the development and improvement of technologies necessary to bring cell transplantation for retinal degeneration diseases to reality. Progress in recent years in the generation of human tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has significantly improved our tools to study human development and disease in the dish. Particularly the availability of 3D culture systems for the generation of PSC-derived organoids, including the human retina, has dramatically increased access to human material for basic and medical research. In this review, we focus on important milestones towards the generation of transplantable photoreceptor precursors from PSC-derived retinal organoids and discuss recent pre-clinical transplantation studies using organoid-derived photoreceptors in context to related in vivo work using primary photoreceptors as donor material. Additionally, we summarize remaining challenges for developing photoreceptor transplantation towards clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Llonch
- CRTD/Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Madalena Carido
- CRTD/Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Dresden (DZNE), Arnoldstraße 18, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marius Ader
- CRTD/Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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36
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Umbilical cord stem cells in the treatment of corneal disease. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 62:803-815. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Pluripotent Stem Cells and Other Innovative Strategies for the Treatment of Ocular Surface Diseases. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:171-8. [PMID: 26779895 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cornea provides two thirds of the refractive power of the eye and protection against insults such as infection and injury. The outermost tissue of the cornea is renewed by stem cells located in the limbus. Depletion or destruction of these stem cells may lead to blinding limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) that concerns millions of patients around the world. Innovative strategies based on adult stem cell therapies have been developed in the recent years but they are still facing numerous unresolved issues, and the long term results can be deceiving. Today there is a clear need to improve these therapies, and/or to develop new approaches for the treatment of LSCD. Here, we review the current cell-based therapies used for the treatment of ocular diseases, and discuss the potential of pluripotent stem cells (embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells) in corneal repair. As the secretion of paracrine factors is known to have a crucial role in maintaining stem cell homeostasis and in wound repair, we also consider the therapeutic potential of a promising novel pathway, the exosomes. Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles that have the ability to transfer RNAs and proteins to recipient cells, and several studies demonstrated their role in cell protection and wound healing. Exosomes could circumvent the hurdles of stem-cell based approaches, and they could become a strong candidate as an alternative therapy for ocular surface diseases.
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38
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Ntai A, Baronchelli S, La Spada A, Moles A, Guffanti A, De Blasio P, Biunno I. A Review of Research-Grade Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Qualification and Biobanking Processes. Biopreserv Biobank 2017; 15:384-392. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2016.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Ntai
- Integrated Systems Engineering S.r.l. (ISENET), Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Baronchelli
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), Department of Biomedicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto La Spada
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), Department of Biomedicine, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ida Biunno
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), Department of Biomedicine, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Department of Stem Cell Research, Milan, Italy
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39
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Phillips AW, Nestor JE, Nestor MW. Developing HiPSC Derived Serum Free Embryoid Bodies for the Interrogation of 3-D Stem Cell Cultures Using Physiologically Relevant Assays. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28784957 DOI: 10.3791/55799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a number of in vitro disease models have been developed using hiPSCs, one limitation is that these two-dimensional (2-D) systems may not represent the underlying cytoarchitectural and functional complexity of the affected individuals carrying suspected disease variants. Conventional 2-D models remain incomplete representations of in vivo-like structures and do not adequately capture the complexity of the brain. Thus, there is an emerging need for more 3-D hiPSC-based models that can better recapitulate the cellular interactions and functions seen in an in vivo system. Here we report a protocol to develop a 3-D system from undifferentiated hiPSCs based on the serum free embryoid body (SFEB). This 3-D model mirrors aspects of a developing ventralized neocortex and allows for studies into functions integral to living neural cells and intact tissue such as migration, connectivity, communication, and maturation. Specifically, we demonstrate that the SFEBs using our protocol can be interrogated using physiologically relevant and high-content cell based assays such as calcium imaging, and multi-electrode array (MEA) recordings without cryosectioning. In the case of MEA recordings, we demonstrate that SFEBs increase both spike activity and network-level bursting activity during long-term culturing. This SFEB protocol provides a robust and scalable system for the study of developing network formation in a 3-D model that captures aspects of early cortical development.
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40
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Tan Y, Han P, Gu Q, Chen G, Wang L, Ma R, Wu J, Feng C, Zhang Y, Wang L, Hu B, Li W, Hao J, Zhou Q. Generation of clinical-grade functional cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells in chemically defined conditions. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:153-163. [PMID: 27943600 DOI: 10.1002/term.2381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient cardiac differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is achievable using existing methods, especially with the standard B27 induction system. However, bovine serum albumin (BSA), one of the essential ingredients in B27, may pose significant complications for clinical studies owing to its animal origin and potential risks of virus contamination. Furthermore, the high cost of the B27 induction system also limits the applications of hPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes. Here, a BSA-free and chemically defined medium has been developed for differentiating hPSCs to clinical-grade cardiomyocytes, which generated over 80% cardiac troponin T (cTNT)-positive cardiomyocytes with high yield. When engrafting the cardiomyocytes into the hearts of myocardial infarction model rats, the rats survived with significantly improved heart functions in Δ ejection fraction and Δ fractional shortening. Importantly, the human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line (Q-CTS-hESC-2) chosen for differentiation was of a clinical-grade maintained in defined xeno-free conditions. Compliant with the biological safety requirements, the Q-CTS-hESC-2-derived cardiomyocytes have passed the sterility and pathogen criteria tests for clinical applications. This study reports, for the first time, the generation of clinical-grade and functional cardiomyocytes from hPSCs where BSA-free and chemically defined conditions were maintained throughout the whole process. This provides the possibility of future therapeutic use of clinical-grade hPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes in treating heart diseases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Pengcheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Ruoyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Chunjing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baoyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100192, China
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41
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Abstract
The promise of human pluripotent stem cells to serve as a scalable and renewable starting material for "off the shelf" therapeutic cell products to repair or replace cells and tissues damaged by disease or injury is unparalleled. Whether originating from embryos or the genetic manipulation of adult tissue-derived cells, this prospective impact dictates a comprehensive yet practicable standard of quality assured characterization, blending existing and bespoke standards and considerations. Here, we provide a guide to qualifying the suitability of this resource for human clinical application.
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42
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Clinical potential of human-induced pluripotent stem cells : Perspectives of induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 33:99-112. [PMID: 27900567 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent establishment of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells promises the development of autologous cell therapies for degenerative diseases, without the ethical concerns associated with human embryonic stem (ES) cells. Initially, iPS cells were generated by retroviral transduction of somatic cells with core reprogramming genes. To avoid potential genotoxic effects associated with retroviral transfection, more recently, alternative non-viral gene transfer approaches were developed. Before a potential clinical application of iPS cell-derived therapies can be planned, it must be ensured that the reprogramming to pluripotency is not associated with genome mutagenesis or epigenetic aberrations. This may include direct effects of the reprogramming method or "off-target" effects associated with the reprogramming or the culture conditions. Thus, a rigorous safety testing of iPS or iPS-derived cells is imperative, including long-term studies in model animals. This will include not only rodents but also larger mammalian model species to allow for assessing long-term stability of the transplanted cells, functional integration into the host tissue, and freedom from undifferentiated iPS cells. Determination of the necessary cell dose is also critical; it is assumed that a minimum of 1 billion transplantable cells is required to achieve a therapeutic effect. This will request medium to long-term in vitro cultivation and dozens of cell divisions, bearing the risk of accumulating replication errors. Here, we review the clinical potential of human iPS cells and evaluate which are the most suitable approaches to overcome or minimize risks associated with the application of iPS cell-derived cell therapies.
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43
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Wiley LA, Burnight ER, DeLuca AP, Anfinson KR, Cranston CM, Kaalberg EE, Penticoff JA, Affatigato LM, Mullins RF, Stone EM, Tucker BA. cGMP production of patient-specific iPSCs and photoreceptor precursor cells to treat retinal degenerative blindness. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30742. [PMID: 27471043 PMCID: PMC4965859 DOI: 10.1038/srep30742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunologically-matched, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived photoreceptor precursor cells have the potential to restore vision to patients with retinal degenerative diseases like retinitis pigmentosa. The purpose of this study was to develop clinically-compatible methods for manufacturing photoreceptor precursor cells from adult skin in a non-profit cGMP environment. Biopsies were obtained from 35 adult patients with inherited retinal degeneration and fibroblast lines were established under ISO class 5 cGMP conditions. Patient-specific iPSCs were then generated, clonally expanded and validated. Post-mitotic photoreceptor precursor cells were generated using a stepwise cGMP-compliant 3D differentiation protocol. The recapitulation of the enhanced S-cone phenotype in retinal organoids generated from a patient with NR2E3 mutations demonstrated the fidelity of these protocols. Transplantation into immune compromised animals revealed no evidence of abnormal proliferation or tumor formation. These studies will enable clinical trials to test the safety and efficiency of patient-specific photoreceptor cell replacement in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Wiley
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erin R Burnight
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adam P DeLuca
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kristin R Anfinson
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Cathryn M Cranston
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Emily E Kaalberg
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jessica A Penticoff
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Louisa M Affatigato
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert F Mullins
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Edwin M Stone
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Budd A Tucker
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- a MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - David C Hay
- a MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
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