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Lyu S, Liu S, Guo X, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Shi S, Li W, Pei J, Fan Y, Sun H. hP-MSCs attenuate severe acute pancreatitis in mice via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated acinar cell pyroptosis. Apoptosis 2024; 29:920-933. [PMID: 38625481 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01946-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a serious gastrointestinal disease that is facilitated by pancreatic acinar cell death. The protective role of human placental mesenchymal stem cells (hP-MSCs) in SAP has been demonstrated in our previous studies. However, the underlying mechanisms of this therapy remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the regularity of acinar cell pyroptosis during SAP and investigated whether the protective effect of hP-MSCs was associated with the inhibition of acinar cell pyroptosis. METHODS A mouse model of SAP was established by the retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate (NaTC) solution in the pancreatic duct. For the hP-MSCs group, hP-MSCs were injected via the tail vein and were monitored in vivo. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the pyroptosis-associated ultramorphology of acinar cells. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were subsequently used to assess the localization and expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins in acinar cells. Systemic inflammation and local injury-associated parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Acinar cell pyroptosis was observed during SAP, and the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins initially increased, peaked at 24 h, and subsequently showed a decreasing trend. hP-MSCs effectively attenuated systemic inflammation and local injury in the SAP model mice. Importantly, hP-MSCs decreased the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins and the activity of the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in acinar cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the regularity and important role of acinar cell pyroptosis during SAP. hP-MSCs attenuate inflammation and inhibit acinar cell pyroptosis via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby exerting a protective effect against SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lyu
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
- General Surgery Center of PLA and Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Shuirong Liu
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Yaolei Zhang
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Zhongyu Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Shan Shi
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Wenya Li
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Juan Pei
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Yonghong Fan
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China.
| | - Hongyu Sun
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China.
- General Surgery Center of PLA and Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China.
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Chen Z, Xia X, Yao M, Yang Y, Ao X, Zhang Z, Guo L, Xu X. The dual role of mesenchymal stem cells in apoptosis regulation. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:250. [PMID: 38582754 PMCID: PMC10998921 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely distributed pluripotent stem cells with powerful immunomodulatory capacity. MSCs transplantation therapy (MSCT) is widely used in the fields of tissue regeneration and repair, and treatment of inflammatory diseases. Apoptosis is an important way for tissues to maintain cell renewal, but it also plays an important role in various diseases. And many studies have shown that MSCs improves the diseases by regulating cell apoptosis. The regulation of MSCs on apoptosis is double-sided. On the one hand, MSCs significantly inhibit the apoptosis of diseased cells. On the other hand, MSCs also promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and excessive immune cells. Furthermore, MSCs regulate apoptosis through multiple molecules and pathways, including three classical apoptotic signaling pathways and other pathways. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the regulation of apoptosis by MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of General Surgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Mengwei Yao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of orthopedics, The 953th Hospital of PLA, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, 857000, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Guo
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Poblano-Pérez LI, Castro-Manrreza ME, González-Alva P, Fajardo-Orduña GR, Montesinos JJ. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Dental Tissues: Immunomodulatory Properties and Clinical Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1986. [PMID: 38396665 PMCID: PMC10888494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells located in different areas of the human body. The oral cavity is considered a potential source of MSCs because they have been identified in several dental tissues (D-MSCs). Clinical trials in which cells from these sources were used have shown that they are effective and safe as treatments for tissue regeneration. Importantly, immunoregulatory capacity has been observed in all of these populations; however, this function may vary among the different types of MSCs. Since this property is of clinical interest for cell therapy protocols, it is relevant to analyze the differences in immunoregulatory capacity, as well as the mechanisms used by each type of MSC. Interestingly, D-MSCs are the most suitable source for regenerating mineralized tissues in the oral region. Furthermore, the clinical potential of D-MSCs is supported due to their adequate capacity for proliferation, migration, and differentiation. There is also evidence for their potential application in protocols against autoimmune diseases and other inflammatory conditions due to their immunosuppressive capacity. Therefore, in this review, the immunoregulatory mechanisms identified at the preclinical level in combination with the different types of MSCs found in dental tissues are described, in addition to a description of the clinical trials in which MSCs from these sources have been applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ignacio Poblano-Pérez
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (L.I.P.-P.); (G.R.F.-O.)
| | - Marta Elena Castro-Manrreza
- Immunology and Stem Cells Laboratory, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 09230, Mexico;
| | - Patricia González-Alva
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies, Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Guadalupe R. Fajardo-Orduña
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (L.I.P.-P.); (G.R.F.-O.)
| | - Juan José Montesinos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (L.I.P.-P.); (G.R.F.-O.)
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Song J, Ma Q, Li Y, Wang X, Chen S, Liang B, Lin X, Chen J, Xu S, Shi S, Zhang J, Diao L, Zeng Y, Xu J. CD317 + MSCs expanded with chemically defined media have enhanced immunological anti-inflammatory activities. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:2. [PMID: 38169422 PMCID: PMC10763464 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although both preclinical and clinical studies have shown the great application potential of MSCs (mesenchymal stem/stromal cells) in treating many kinds of diseases, therapeutic inconsistency resulting from cell heterogeneity is the major stumbling block to their clinical applications. Cell population diversity and batch variation in the cell expansion medium are two major inducers of MSC heterogeneity. METHODS Cell population diversity was investigated through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human MSCs derived from the umbilical cord and expanded with fully chemically defined medium in the current study. Then, the MSC subpopulation with enhanced anti-inflammatory effects was studied in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Our data showed that MSCs contain different populations with different functions, including subpopulations with enhanced functions of exosome secretion, extracellular matrix modification and responses to stimuli (regeneration and immune response). Among them, CD317+ MSCs have improved differentiation capabilities and enhanced immune suppression activities. Underlying mechanism studies showed that higher levels of TSG6 confer enhanced anti-inflammatory functions of CD317+ MSCs. CONCLUSIONS Thus, CD317+ MSCs might be a promising candidate for treating immunological disorder-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianqi Wang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Chen
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Liang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieting Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiru Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoquan Shi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingting Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Fuqiang Avenue 1001, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Su W, Nong Q, Wu J, Fan R, Liang Y, Hu A, Gao Z, Liang W, Deng Q, Wang H, Xia L, Huang Y, Qin Y, Zhao N. Anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 secreted by BMSCs attenuates silica-induced acute pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in macrophages. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126651. [PMID: 37709227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis is a severe occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of silica particles. Unfortunately, there are currently limited treatment options available for silicosis. Recent advances have indicated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have a therapeutic effect on silicosis, but their efficacy and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we focused on the early phase of silica-induced lung injury to investigate the therapeutic effect of BMSCs. Our findings demonstrated that BMSCs attenuated silica-induced acute pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in lung macrophages. To further understand the mechanisms involved, we utilized RNA sequencing to analyze the transcriptomes of BMSCs co-cultured with silica-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The results clued tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) might be a potentially key paracrine secretion factor released from BMSCs, which exerts a protective effect. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory and inflammasome pathway inhibition effects of BMSCs were attenuated when TSG-6 expression was silenced, both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, treatment with exogenous recombinant mouse TSG-6 (rmTSG-6) demonstrated similar effects to BMSCs in attenuating silica-induced inflammation. Overall, our findings suggested that BMSCs can regulate the activation of inflammasome in macrophages by secreting TSG-6, thereby protecting against silica-induced acute pulmonary inflammation both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Su
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China; Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China; School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Qiying Nong
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Emeishan Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Emeishan, Sichuan 614299, China
| | - Ruihong Fan
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yuanting Liang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China; School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Anyi Hu
- Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Zhongxiang Gao
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Weihui Liang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Qifei Deng
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Hailan Wang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Lihua Xia
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yiru Qin
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China.
| | - Na Zhao
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China; School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China; School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Cui S, Ke L, Wang H, Li L. TSG-6 alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and blood-brain barrier disruption by suppressing ER stress-mediated inflammation. Brain Res 2023; 1817:148466. [PMID: 37336316 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) exhibits promising neuroprotective activity, but how it influences cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIR) injury remains to be established. Here, the impact of TSG-6 on the CIR-induced disturbance in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and associated neurological degeneration was assessed, and the related molecular processes were explored. In this study, TSG-6 markedly reduced CIR-mediated increases in neurological deficit scores, decreased infarct volume, and protected against the apoptotic death of neurons in MCAO/R model rats. Similarly, TSG-6 pretreatment protected cultured neurons against OGD/R-associated neuronal death. TSG-6 also restored BBB integrity, suppressing PERK-eIF2α and IRE1α-TRAF2 pathway activation in CIR model systems, thereby inhibiting NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. The further use of specific inhibitors of ER stress, 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA), PERK (GSK2656157), and IRE1α (STF083010) demonstrated the ability of ER stress to drive inflammatory activity in the context of CIR injury i the PERK-eIF2α-NF-κB and IRE1α-TRAF2-NF-κB pathways. Consistently, the activation of ER stress using tunicamycin resulted in reversing the beneficial effects of TSG-6 on CIR-associated BBB disruption and neurological damage in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with TSG-6 can protect against CIR injury via the inhibition of ER stress-related inflammatory activity induced through the PERK-eIF2α-NF-κB and IRE1α-TRAF2-NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Cui
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China; Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Li Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Lujiang Road 17, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Liangyong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
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Yun GH, Park SM, Lim GH, Seo KW, Youn HY. Canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs engineered with mRNA to overexpress TSG-6 and enhance the anti-inflammatory effects in canine macrophages. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1134185. [PMID: 37089409 PMCID: PMC10118014 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1134185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are useful agents in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The immunomodulatory effects of MSCs are largely related to their secretory properties. mRNA engineering emerged as a safe alternative to enhance the secretory function of MSCs. Optimization of the untranslated region (UTR) sequence is important for enhancing the translational efficiency of exogenous mRNAs. However, research on the optimization of UTR in canine MSCs has not yet been conducted.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the UTR sequence related to the expression efficiency of in vitro transcription (IVT) mRNA in canine MSCs and investigate whether mRNA-engineered MSCs that overexpress TSG-6 exhibit enhanced anti-inflammatory effects.MethodsCanine adipose tissue-derived (cAT)-MSCs were transfected with green fluorescence protein (GFP) mRNA with three different UTRs: canine hemoglobin subunit alpha-like 1 (HBA1), HBA2, and hemoglobin subunit beta-like (HBB). The translation efficacy of each mRNA was evaluated using relative fluorescence. TSG-6 mRNA was produced with the UTR optimized according to relative fluorescence results. cAT-MSCs were transfected with TSG-6 mRNA (MSCTSG-6), and TSG-6 expression was analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR, ELISA, and western blotting. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of MSCsTSG-6, DH82 cells were co-cultured with MSCsTSG-6 or treated with dexamethasone, and changes in the expression of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using qPCR.ResultsThe highest fluorescence level was observed in the HBA1 UTR at 24 h post-transfection. TSG-6 mRNA transfection yielded high levels of TSG-6 in the cAT-MSCs. In DH82 cells co-cultured with MSCsTSG-6, the expression of inflammatory cytokines decreased compared to that in co-culturing with naïve MSCs and dexamethasone treatment.ConclusionsOptimization of the HBA1 UTR improved the translation efficiency of IVT mRNA in canine MSCs. cAT-MSCs engineered with TSG-6 mRNA effectively enhanced the anti-inflammatory effects of the MSCs when co-cultured with LPS-activated DH82 cells.
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Ma L, Hua L, Yu W, Ke L, Li LY. TSG-6 inhibits hypertrophic scar fibroblast proliferation by regulating IRE1α/TRAF2/NF-κB signalling. Int Wound J 2023; 20:1008-1019. [PMID: 36056472 PMCID: PMC10031217 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF-stimulated gene (TSG-6) was reported to suppress hypertrophic scar (HS) formation in a rabbit ear model, and the overexpression of TSG-6 in human HS fibroblasts (HSFs) was found to induce their apoptotic death. The molecular basis for these findings, however, remains to be clarified. HSFs were subjected to TSG-6 treatment. Treatment with TSG-6 significantly suppressed HSF proliferation and induced them to undergo apoptosis. Moreover, TSG-6 exposure led to reductions in collagen I, collagen III, and α-SMA mRNA and protein levels, with a corresponding drop in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression indicative of impaired proliferative activity. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was also suppressed in these HSFs as demonstrated by decreases in Bip and p-IRE1α expression, downstream inositol requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α) -Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2) pathway signalling was inhibited and treated cells failed to induce NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression. Overall, ER stress was found to trigger inflammatory activity in HSFs via the IRE1α-TRAF2 axis, as confirmed with the specific inhibitor of IRE1α STF083010. Additionally, the effects of TSG-6 on apoptosis, collagen I, collagen III, α-SMA, and PCNA of HSFs were reversed by the IRE1α activator thapsigargin (TG). These data suggest that TSG-6 administration can effectively suppress the proliferation of HSFs in part via the inhibition of IRE1α-mediated ER stress-induced inflammation (IRE1α/TRAF2/NF-κB signalling).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Clinical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Hua
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Nanjing city Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyuan Yu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, SuZhou City, PR China
| | - Li Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, China
| | - Liang-Yong Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Joshi JM, Muttigi MS, Upadhya R, Seetharam RN. An overview of the current advances in the treatment of inflammatory diseases using mesenchymal stromal cell secretome. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36786742 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2180388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has been leading to the utilization of its therapeutic properties in a variety of inflammatory diseases. The clinical translation of the related research from bench to bedside is cumbersome due to some obvious limitations of cell therapy. It is evident from the literature that the MSC secretome components mediate their wide range of functions. Cell-free therapy using MSC secretome is being considered as an emerging and promising area of biotherapeutics. The secretome mainly consists of bioactive factors, free nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles. Constituents of the secretome are greatly influenced by the cell's microenvironment. The broad array of immunomodulatory properties of MSCs are now being employed to target inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the emerging MSC secretome therapies for various inflammatory diseases. The mechanism of action of the various anti-inflammatory factors is discussed. The potential of MSC secretome as a viable anti-inflammatory therapy is deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahnavy Madhukar Joshi
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunatha S Muttigi
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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10
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Li H, Zhirong Z, Shibo Z, Lichen Z, Ming S, Hua J, Zheng T, Ruiwu D. The Effects of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Traumatic Pancreatitis in Rats. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:147-154. [PMID: 35430701 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the therapeutic and protective effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (ucMSCs) on traumatic pancreatitis (TP) to provide a theoretical basis for TP treatment with MCSs by establishing a TP rat model. METHODS We used 60 healthy adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to create four experimental groups: sham, ucMSC control, TP, and ucMSC treatment. We observed ucMSC homing in the rats by fluorescence microscopy and assessed the degree of pancreatic tissue injury by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining on days 1, 3, and 7 after transplantation. Furthermore, we used an in vivo imaging system to evaluate the localization of cell membrane-stained ucMSCs in rats with TP. Finally, we measured the serum levels of amylase, lipase, pro-and anti-inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The pancreatic histopathological score and the serum amylase and lipase levels were lower in the ucMSC treatment group than in the TP group (P < 0.05). Interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and oxidase malondialdehyde (MOD) levels were significantly higher in the ucMSC treatment group than in the TP group. However, IL-10, transforming growth factor-β, and superoxide dismutase (an antioxidant enzyme, SOD) levels were significantly higher in the ucMSC treatment group than in the TP group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION ucMSCs can migrate and implant in injured areas of the pancreas in rats. Furthermore, they participate in pancreatic tissue repair and regulate immunity by inhibiting the systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhao Zhirong
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan Province, China.,General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Zhou Shibo
- General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.,College of Clinical Medicine Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhou Lichen
- General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.,College of Clinical Medicine Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shi Ming
- General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.,College of Clinical Medicine Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ji Hua
- General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.,College of Clinical Medicine Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tang Zheng
- General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.,College of Clinical Medicine Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dai Ruiwu
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan Province, China. .,General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China. .,College of Clinical Medicine Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
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11
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Yang H, Jiang P, Xiao P, Zhou H. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modified with microRNA-216a-5p Enhance Proliferation of Acinar Cells in Severe Acute Pancreatitis. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study assesses the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) modified with miR-216a-5p on acinar cell proliferation in SAP. 40 rats were equally assigned into miR-NC set, miR-216a-5p set, BMSC set and anti-miR-216a-5p set randomly. The SAP model was prepared using AR42J
cells which were disposed with CAE. Cells were transfected with lipidosome method to meaure miR-216-5p by RT-PCR, cell proliferation by CCK-8 along with analysis of cell clone formation and apoptosis. miR-216a-5p in modified BMSC was significantly upregulated compared with BMSC, indicating
that BMSC was modified with miR-216a-5p successfully. BMSC modified with miR-216a-5p significantly promoted cell proliferation and clone formation and decreased apoptosis. The luciferase activity in wild type of miR-216a-5p was reduced, indicating that miR-216-5p could target Pak2 gene. In
conclusion, proliferation of acinar cells in SAP is prompted and apoptosis ise reduced by BMSC modified with miR-216a-5p, which is possibly through targeting PAK2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiu Yang
- Department of Critical Medicine, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China
| | - Pengfei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China
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12
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An update on the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulating gene-6 in inflammatory diseases. Mol Immunol 2022; 152:224-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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13
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Li S, Li H, Zhangdi H, Xu R, Zhang X, Liu J, Hu Y, Ning D, Jin S. Hair follicle-MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles as a novel remedy for acute pancreatitis. J Control Release 2022; 352:1104-1115. [PMID: 36402231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cell (HF-MSC)-based therapies protect against acute pancreatitis (AP). However, accumulating evidence suggests that MSC-based therapy mainly involves the secretion of MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) through paracrine effects. Thus, the present research investigated the therapeutic effect of HF-MSC-sEVs in AP and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS SEVs were purified from cultured HF-MSC supernatant. The effects of sEVs in vitro were analyzed on caerulein-simulated pancreatic acinar cells (PACs). The therapeutic potential of sEVs in vivo was examined in a caerulein-induced AP model. The organ distribution of sEVs in mice was determined by near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging. Serum specimens and pancreatic tissues were collected to analyze the inhibition of inflammation and pyroptosis in vivo, as well as the appropriate infusion route: intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intravenous (i.v.) injection. RESULTS HF-MSC-sEVs were taken up by PACs and improved cell viability in vitro. In vivo, sEVs were abundant in the pancreas, and the indicators of pancreatitis, including amylase, lipase, the inflammatory response, myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression and histopathology scores, in sEV-treated mice were markedly improved compared with those in the AP group, especially via tail vein injection. Furthermore, we revealed that sEVs observably downregulated the levels of crucial pyroptosis proteins in both PACs and AP tissue. CONCLUSIONS We innovatively demonstrated that HF-MSC-sEVs could alleviate inflammation and pyroptosis in PACs in AP, suggesting a refreshing cell-free remedy for AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Hanjing Zhangdi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Ruiling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Jingyang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Dandan Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Shizhu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China..
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14
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Li L, Yang L, Chen X, Chen X, Diao L, Zeng Y, Xu J. TNFAIP6 defines the MSC subpopulation with enhanced immune suppression activities. STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY 2022; 13:479. [PMID: 36153571 PMCID: PMC9509641 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have been intensively investigated in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, the therapeutic efficacy varies resulting from the heterogenicity of MSCs. Therefore, purifying the specific MSC subpopulation with specialized function is necessary for their therapeutic applications. Methods The large-scale RNA sequencing analysis was performed to identify potential cell markers for the mouse MSCs. Then, the immune suppression activities of the purified MSC subpopulation were assessed in vitro and in vivo.
Results The TNFAIP6 (tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 6) has been identified as a potential cell marker for mouse MSCs, irrespective of tissue origin and laboratory origin. The TNFAIP6+ mouse MSCs showed enhanced immune suppression activities and improved therapeutic effects on the mouse model of acute inflammation, resulting from faster response to immune stimulation. Conclusions Therefore, we have demonstrated that the TNFAIP6+ MSC subpopulation has enhanced immune suppression capabilities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03176-5.
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15
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Lu X, Lv C, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Ji C, Wang Z, Ye W, Yu S, Bai J, Cai W. TSG-6 released from adipose stem cells-derived small extracellular vesicle protects against spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:291. [PMID: 35831906 PMCID: PMC9281104 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury (SCIRI) is a complication of aortic aneurysm repair or spinal cord surgery that is associated with permanent neurological deficits. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been shown to be potential therapeutic options for improving motor functions after SCIRI. Due to their easy access and multi-directional differentiation potential, adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) are preferable for this application. However, the effects of ADSC-derived sEVs (ADSC-sEVs) on SCIRI have not been reported. Results We found that ADSC-sEVs inhibited SCIRI-induced neuronal apoptosis, degradation of tight junction proteins and suppressed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, in the presence of the ER stress inducer, tunicamycin, its anti-apoptotic and blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) protective effects were significantly reversed. We found that ADSC-sEVs contain tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) whose overexpression inhibited ER stress in vivo by modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusions ADSC-sEVs inhibit neuronal apoptosis and BSCB disruption in SCIRI by transmitting TSG-6, which suppresses ER stress by modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02963-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Dongtai Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Dongtai City, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengtang Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuechao Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedic, PLA Navy No.905 Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Haining, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyue Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhuanghui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wu Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shunzhi Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianling Bai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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16
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Mao X, Mao S, Wang L, Jiang H, Deng S, Wang Y, Ye J, Li Z, Zou W, Liao Z. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of the Mouse Pancreas: Characteristic Features of Pancreatic Ductal Cells in Chronic Pancreatitis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061015. [PMID: 35741777 PMCID: PMC9222509 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a fibroinflammatory disorder of the pancreas. Our understanding of CP pathogenesis is partly limited by the incomplete characterization of pancreatic cell types. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 3825 cells from the pancreas of one control mouse and mice with caerulein-induced CP. An analysis of the single-cell transcriptomes revealed 16 unique clusters and cell type-specific gene expression patterns in the mouse pancreas. Sub-clustering of the pancreatic mesenchymal cells from the control mouse revealed four clusters of cells with specific gene expression profiles (combinatorial expressions of Smoc2, Cxcl14, Tnfaip6, and Fn1). We observed that immune cells in the pancreas of the CP mice were abundant and diverse in cellular type. Compared to the control, 547 upregulated genes (including Mmp7, Ttr, Rgs5, Adh1, and Cldn2) and 257 downregulated genes were identified in ductal cells from the CP group. The elevated expression levels of MMP7 and TTR were further verified in the pancreatic ducts of CP patients. This study provides a preliminary description of the single-cell transcriptome profiles of mouse pancreata and accurately demonstrates the characteristics of pancreatic ductal cells in CP. The findings provide insight into novel disease-specific biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shenghan Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China;
| | - Shunjiang Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuanchen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenbin Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (X.M.); (S.M.); (L.W.); (S.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (Z.L.)
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17
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Molnar V, Pavelić E, Vrdoljak K, Čemerin M, Klarić E, Matišić V, Bjelica R, Brlek P, Kovačić I, Tremolada C, Primorac D. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Effects in Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060949. [PMID: 35741711 PMCID: PMC9222975 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the insufficient satisfaction rates and high cost of operative treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), alternatives have been sought. Furthermore, the inability of current medications to arrest disease progression has led to rapidly growing clinical research relating to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The availability and function of MSCs vary according to tissue source. The three primary sources include the placenta, bone marrow, and adipose tissue, all of which offer excellent safety profiles. The primary mechanisms of action are trophic and immunomodulatory effects, which prevent the further degradation of joints. However, the function and degree to which benefits are observed vary significantly based on the exosomes secreted by MSCs. Paracrine and autocrine mechanisms prevent cell apoptosis and tissue fibrosis, initiate angiogenesis, and stimulate mitosis via growth factors. MSCs have even been shown to exhibit antimicrobial effects. Clinical results incorporating clinical scores and objective radiological imaging have been promising, but a lack of standardization in isolating MSCs prevents their incorporation in current guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilim Molnar
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Eduard Pavelić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Kristijan Vrdoljak
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.V.); (M.Č.)
| | - Martin Čemerin
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.V.); (M.Č.)
| | - Emil Klarić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Vid Matišić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Roko Bjelica
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Petar Brlek
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | | | | | - Dragan Primorac
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Medical School REGIOMED, 96450 Coburg, Germany
- Eberly College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Correspondence:
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18
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Wise RM, Al-Ghadban S, Harrison MAA, Sullivan BN, Monaco ER, Aleman SJ, Donato UM, Bunnell BA. Short-Term Autophagy Preconditioning Upregulates the Expression of COX2 and PGE2 and Alters the Immune Phenotype of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells In Vitro. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091376. [PMID: 35563682 PMCID: PMC9101706 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) are potent modulators of inflammation and promising candidates for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Strategies to improve hASC survival and immunoregulation are active areas of investigation. Autophagy, a homeostatic and stress-induced degradative pathway, plays a crucial role in hASC paracrine signaling—a primary mechanism of therapeutic action. Therefore, induction of autophagy with rapamycin (Rapa), or inhibition with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), was examined as a preconditioning strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Following preconditioning, both Rapa and 3-MA-treated hASCs demonstrated preservation of stemness, as well as upregulated transcription of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Rapa-ASCs further upregulated TNFα-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), indicating additional enhancement of immunomodulatory potential. Preconditioned cells were then stimulated with the inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and assessed for immunomodulatory factor production. Rapa-pretreated cells, but not 3-MA-pretreated cells, further amplified COX2 and IL-6 transcripts following IFNγ exposure, and both groups upregulated secretion of prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), the enzymatic product of COX2. These findings suggest that a 4-h Rapa preconditioning strategy may bestow the greatest improvement to hASC expression of cytokines known to promote tissue repair and regeneration and may hold promise for augmenting the therapeutic potential of hASCs for inflammation-driven pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Wise
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (R.M.W.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.N.S.); (E.R.M.); (S.J.A.); (U.M.D.)
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Sara Al-Ghadban
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Mark A. A. Harrison
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (R.M.W.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.N.S.); (E.R.M.); (S.J.A.); (U.M.D.)
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Brianne N. Sullivan
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (R.M.W.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.N.S.); (E.R.M.); (S.J.A.); (U.M.D.)
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Emily R. Monaco
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (R.M.W.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.N.S.); (E.R.M.); (S.J.A.); (U.M.D.)
| | - Sarah J. Aleman
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (R.M.W.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.N.S.); (E.R.M.); (S.J.A.); (U.M.D.)
| | - Umberto M. Donato
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (R.M.W.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.N.S.); (E.R.M.); (S.J.A.); (U.M.D.)
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence:
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Hu T, Liu Y, Li X, Li X, Liu Y, Wang Q, Huang J, Yu J, Wu Y, Chen S, Zeng T, Tan L. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulated gene-6: A biomarker reflecting disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24395. [PMID: 35353944 PMCID: PMC9102767 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) level and its association with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS We recruited 176 RA patients, 178 non-RA patients (lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, ulcerative colitis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis) and 71 healthy subjects. Serum TSG-6 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RA patients were divided into inactive RA and active RA groups by disease activity score of 28 joints based on C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Spearman's rank correlation test analyzed the correlation between TSG-6 concentration and RA disease activity. RESULTS Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulated gene-6 levels in the RA group were increased (p < 0.01). TSG-6 concentrations indicated an upward tendency with increased disease activity; The area under the curve (AUC) of TSG-6 for diagnosing RA and assessing the severity of RA were 0.78 and 0.80, respectively; The combination of TSG-6 and anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin antibodies (anti-MCV) (sensitivity:98.4%)improved the diagnostic accuracy of RA. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that TSG-6 was an independent risk factor related to the severity of RA, and OR (95% CI) was 1.2 (1.003-1.453). CONCLUSION The TSG-6 levels in RA patients were elevated and related to disease activity. Therefore, TSG-6 may serve as a new potential biomarker for evaluating RA disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China.,School of Public Health of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China.,School of Public Health of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaohang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanzhao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qunxia Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianlin Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Simei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liming Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Nanchang, China
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20
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许 丽, 张 银, 匡 圆, 方 晗, 马 琦. Correlation of plasma TSG-6 with cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, and prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy patients with heart failure. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 46:689-696. [PMID: 34382584 PMCID: PMC10930118 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.200982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tumor necrosis factor α stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) protein is an inflammation-inducing protein. In recent years, TSG-6 protein has been found to play an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis role in a variety of disease models. The level of TSG-6 protein in circulating blood is considered to be a biological indicator for the evaluation of acute coronary syndrome, severe infection, and other diseases, and it is closely related to the prognosis. The clinical correlation between TSG-6 protein and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients with heart failure has not been reported. This study aims to investigate the changes of plasma TSG-6 protein levels in cardiomyopathy patients with heart failure and its correlation with cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, and prognosis. METHODS Based on the prospective studies, a number of 90 DCM patients with heart failure were selected as a DCM heart failure group from Dec.1, 2019 to Sept.1, 2020. Thirty-nine healthy people were served as a control group. Plasma TSG-6, Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen III, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were measured with ELISA test. Echocardiography was used to evaluate the structure and function of the heart. DCM patients with heart failure were followed up for 3 months. The patients were assigned into 2 groups according to whether they had major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The general clinical data, plasma TSG-6, Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen III, and α-SMA protein levels were compared between the control group and the DCM heart failure group. At the same time, the correlation between plasma TSG-6 protein level and cardiac function grade, myocardial fibrosis or prognosis of patients in the DCM heart failure group was analyzed. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the heart rate, TSG-6, Collagen Ⅰ, Collage III, α-SMA, hemoglobin, atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), hypersensitive C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) increased significantly (all P<0.001). High-density lipoprotein, left ventricular short axis shortening rate (LVFS), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased significantly in the DCM heart failure group (all P<0.001). Plasma levels of TSG-6 were positively correlated with NT-proBNP, Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen III, α-SMA, and LVEDD (all P<0.001), while they were negatively correlated with LVFS and LVEF (all P<0.001). With the increase of NYHA heart function classification, plasma levels of TSG-6, Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen III, and α-SMA increased significantly (all P<0.001). The increases in plasma levels of NT-proBNP and TSG-6 was associated with poor prognosis in DCM patients with heart failure (all P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of plasma NT-proBNP for evaluating the prognosis of DCM heart failure were 76.2% and 68.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma TSG-6 for evaluating the prognosis of DCM heart failure were 95.2% and 66.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma TSG-6 combined with NT-proBNP for prognostic evaluation of DCM heart failure were 85.7% and 81.2%, respectively. The specificity of plasma TSG-6 combined with NT-proBNP for the prognosis of heart failure was better than that of NT-proBNP or TSG-6 alone (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The plasma levels TSG-6 in DCM patients with heart failure increase significantly, and the plasma levels TSG-6 could be used as a new predictor for cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - 琦琳 马
- 马琦琳,, ORCID: 0000-0001-8608-2219
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21
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Ma Z, Zhou J, Yang T, Xie W, Song G, Song Z, Chen J. Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for pancreatitis: Progress and challenges. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2474-2488. [PMID: 33840113 DOI: 10.1002/med.21801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatitis is a common gastrointestinal disease with no effective therapeutic options, particularly for cases of severe acute and chronic pancreatitis (CP). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with diverse biological properties, including directional migration, paracrine, immunosuppressive, and antiinflammatory effects, which are considered an ideal candidate cell type for repairing tissue damage caused by various pathogenies. Several researchers have reported significant therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in animal models of acute and CP. However, the specific underlying mechanisms are yet to be clarified and clinical application of MSCs as pancreatitis therapy has rarely been reported. This review mainly focuses on the potential and challenges in clinical application of MSCs for treatment of acute and CP, along with discussion of the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingsong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangcheng Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guodong Song
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenshun Song
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of ocular autoimmune diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 85:100967. [PMID: 33775824 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells, commonly referred to as MSCs, have emerged as a promising cell-based therapy for a range of autoimmune diseases thanks to several therapeutic advantages. Key among these are: 1) the ability to modulate innate and adaptive immune responses and to promote tissue regeneration, 2) the ease of their isolation from readily accessible tissues and expansion at scale in culture, 3) their low immunogenicity enabling use as an allogeneic "off-the-shelf" product, and 4) MSC therapy's safety and feasibility in humans, as demonstrated in more than one thousand clinical trials. Evidence from preclinical studies and early clinical trials indicate the therapeutic potential of MSCs and their derivatives for efficacy in ocular autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune uveoretinitis and Sjögren's syndrome-related dry eye disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs, and summarize the results from preclinical and clinical studies that have used MSCs or their derivatives for the treatment of ocular autoimmune diseases. We also discuss the challenges to the successful clinical application of MSC therapy, and suggest strategies for overcoming them.
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23
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Zhao Y, Zhu XY, Song T, Zhang L, Eirin A, Conley S, Tang H, Saadiq I, Jordan K, Lerman A, Lerman LO. Mesenchymal stem cells protect renal tubular cells via TSG-6 regulating macrophage function and phenotype switching. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F454-F463. [PMID: 33554782 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00426.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced gene/protein (TSG)-6 regulates the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), but its ability to protect the ischemic kidney is unknown. In a swine model of renal artery stenosis (RAS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), we assessed the contribution of TSG-6 produced by MSCs to their immunomodulatory properties. Pigs were studied after 16 wk of diet-induced MetS and unilateral RAS and were either untreated or treated 4 wk earlier with intrarenal autologous adipose tissue-derived MSCs (n = 6 each). Lean, MetS, and RAS sham animals served as controls. We studied renal function in vivo (using computed tomography) and kidney histopathology and macrophage phenotype ex vivo. In vitro, TSG-6 levels were also measured in conditioned media of human MSCs incubated with TNF-α and levels of the tubular injury marker lactate dehydrogenase in conditioned media after coculturing macrophages with injured human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells with or without TSG-6. The effects of TSG-6 on macrophage phenotype (M1/M2), adhesion, and migration were also determined. MetS + RAS showed increased M1 macrophages and renal vein TNF-α levels. After MSC delivery, renal vein TSG-6 increased and TNF-α decreased, the M1-to-M2 ratio decreased, renal function improved, and fibrosis was alleviated. In vitro, TNF-α increased TSG-6 secretion by human MSCs. TSG-6 decreased lactate dehydrogenase release from injured HK-2 cells, increased expression of macrophage M2 markers, and reduced M1 macrophage adhesion and migration. Therefore, TSG-6 released from MSCs may decrease renal tubular cell injury, which is associated with regulating macrophage function and phenotype. These observations suggest that TSG-6 is endowed with renoprotective properties.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced gene/protein (TSG)-6 regulates the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, but its ability to protect the ischemic kidney is unknown. In pigs with renal artery stenosis, we show that MSC delivery increased renal vein TSG-6, decreased kidney inflammatory macrophages, and improved renal function. In vitro, TSG-6 decreased inflammatory macrophages and tubular cell injury. Therefore, TSG-6 released from MSCs may decrease renal tubular cell injury, which is associated with regulating macrophage function and phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University, School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Turun Song
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Institute of Urology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University, School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Alfonso Eirin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sabena Conley
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hui Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ishran Saadiq
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kyra Jordan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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24
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He W, Qin D, Li B, Zhang H, Cheng X, Sun J, Hua J, Peng S. Immortalized canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice and dogs. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:39-50. [PMID: 33582313 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have been used to treat acute kidney injury (AKI). The role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in AKI treatment with canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cADSCs) remains unknown. This study intended to investigate the therapeutic effects of cADSCs cultured in different media on AKI in mice and dogs and reveal the role of ER stress in this process. The mice were divided into two branches: a control group and a gentamicin induced group (this group treated with low-serum ADSC or high-serum ADSC or 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA)). The dogs were divided into control, model, and cell-injected groups. To suppress ER stress, mice were simultaneously treated with 4-PBA. The results showed there were improvements in renal function and tissue damage and a corresponding decrease in ER stress in the kidneys of the mice that received cell injection. However, the cells cultured with 2% FBS showed a better growth state and resulted in lower ER stress levels in treated kidneys. In the 4-PBA-treated group, ER stress was suppressed, and there was corresponding kidney injury recovery. Similarly, both kidney damage and ER stress were alleviated after AKI dogs were injected with the cells. Our findings reveal that both allogeneic and xenogeneic cADSCs were effective treatments for AKI by inhibiting ER stress. These results also provide evidence for a new clinical therapy for acute renal disease in pets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlai He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Dezhe Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Balun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xuedi Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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25
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Li Y, Li G, Suo L, Zhang J. Recent advances in studies of molecular hydrogen in the treatment of pancreatitis. Life Sci 2020; 264:118641. [PMID: 33148420 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas characterized by acinar cell injury and is associated with the abnormal release of trypsin, which results in high mortality due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The inflammatory response, impaired autophagic flux, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and their interactions are involved in the development of pancreatitis. Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a novel antioxidant that possesses the features of selective scavenging of oxygen free radicals and nontoxic metabolites and has been shown to be efficacious for treating infection, injury, tumors, ischemia-reperfusion organ injury, metabolic disease and several other diseases. Recent studies have found that H2 is also useful in the treatment of pancreatitis, which may be related to the mechanism of antioxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, regulation of immunity and regulation of molecular pathways. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of pancreatitis and the research progress and potential mechanisms of H2 against pancreatitis to provide theoretical bases for future research and clinical application of H2 therapy for pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6 Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, PR China
| | - Liangyuan Suo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No.44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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26
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Yang H, Wu L, Deng H, Chen Y, Zhou H, Liu M, Wang S, Zheng L, Zhu L, Lv X. Anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuates neuropathic pain by inhibiting the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in spinal microglia. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:154. [PMID: 32393298 PMCID: PMC7216552 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-1731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Recent evidence has proved that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can inhibit neuropathic pain and possess potent immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties via secreting a variety of bioactive molecules, such as TNF-α-stimulated gene 6 protein (TSG-6). However, it is unknown whether BMSCs exert their analgesic effect against neuropathic pain by secreting TSG-6. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effects of TSG-6 released from BMSCs on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) in rats and explored the possible underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Methods BMSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and characterized by flow cytometry and functional differentiation. One day after CCI surgery, about 5 × 106 BMSCs were intrathecally injected into spinal cerebrospinal fluid. Behavioral tests, including mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and motor function, were carried out at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 days after CCI surgery. Spinal cords were processed for immunohistochemical analysis of the microglial marker Iba-1. The mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6) were detected by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. The activation of the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway was evaluated by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The analgesic effect of exogenous recombinant TSG-6 on CCI-induced mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia was observed by behavioral tests. In the in vitro experiments, primary cultured microglia were stimulated with the TLR2 agonist Pam3CSK4, and then co-cultured with BMSCs or recombinant TSG-6. The protein expression of TLR2, MyD88, p-p65 was evaluated by Western blot. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6 were detected by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. BMSCs were transfected with the TSG-6-specific shRNA and then intrathecally injected into spinal cerebrospinal fluid in vivo or co-cultured with Pam3CSK4-treated primary microglia in vitro to investigate whether TSG-6 participated in the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on CCI-induced neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation. Results We found that CCI-induced mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia were ameliorated by intrathecal injection of BMSCs. Moreover, intrathecal administration of BMSCs inhibited CCI-induced neuroinflammation in spinal cord tissues. The analgesic effect and anti-inflammatory property of BMSCs were attenuated when TSG-6 expression was silenced. We also found that BMSCs inhibited the activation of the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in the ipsilateral spinal cord dorsal horn by secreting TSG-6. Meanwhile, we proved that intrathecal injection of exogenous recombinant TSG-6 effectively attenuated CCI-induced neuropathic pain. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that BMSCs and TSG-6 downregulated the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling and reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in primary microglia treated with the specific TLR2 agonist Pam3CSK4. Conclusions The present study demonstrated a paracrine mechanism by which intrathecal injection of BMSCs targets the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in spinal cord dorsal horn microglia to elicit neuroprotection and sustained neuropathic pain relief via TSG-6 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lingmin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The first Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Rd, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Huimin Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Huanping Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Meiyun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shaochen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 99 Huangshan Rd, Fuyang, 236000, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200433, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, The first Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Rd, Hefei, 230022, China.
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27
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Goodman RR, Davies JE. Mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives - putative therapeutics in the management of autoimmune pancreatitis. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:969-978. [PMID: 32323467 PMCID: PMC7262915 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis, a derivative of chronic pancreatitis, frequently causes acute episodes with clinical symptoms parallel to those of acute pancreatitis. Corticosteroids are effective in the treatment of 90% of autoimmune pancreatitis cases, but for the remaining 10%, options are limited. Due to their significant immunomodulatory capabilities, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been proposed as a novel treatment strategy for various immune and inflammatory pathologies including those with autoimmune origins. Here, we not only highlight the most recent MSC live‐cell experiments to address acute pancreatitis, but also discuss the opportunities afforded by the emergence of the newly identified field of MSC necrobiology. We conclude that the putative employment of MSC derivatives provides a newer and simpler therapeutic approach that could have significant advantages over the use of cells themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbie R Goodman
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - John E Davies
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Canada.,Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics Inc, Toronto, Canada
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28
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TSG-6 in extracellular vesicles from canine mesenchymal stem/stromal is a major factor in relieving DSS-induced colitis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0220756. [PMID: 32040478 PMCID: PMC7010233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (ASC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) have been reported to be beneficial against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesize that the tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated gene/protein 6 (TSG-6) in EVs is a key factor influencing the alleviation of colitis symptoms. DSS-induced colitis mice (C57BL/6, male, Naïve = 6, Sham = 8, PBS = 8 EV = 8, CTL-EV = 8, TSG-6 depleted EV = 8) were intraperitoneally administered EVs (100 ug/mice) on day 1, 3, and 5; colon tissues were collected on day 10 for histopathological, RT-qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. In mice injected with EV, inflammation was alleviated. Indeed, EVs regulated the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 in inflamed colons. However, when injected with TSG-6 depleted EV, the degree of inflammatory relief was reduced. Furthermore, TSG-6 in EVs plays a key role in increasing regulatory T cells (Tregs) and polarizing macrophage from M1 to M2 in the colon. In conclusion, this study shows that TSG-6 in EVs is a major factor in the relief of DSS-induced colitis, by increasing the number of Tregs and macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 in the colon.
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Wan YM, Li ZQ, Zhou Q, Liu C, Wang MJ, Wu HX, Mu YZ, He YF, Zhang Y, Wu XN, Li YH, Xu ZY, Wu HM, Xu Y, Yang JH, Wang XF. Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate liver injury induced by chronic-binge ethanol feeding in mice via release of TSG6 and suppression of STAT3 activation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:24. [PMID: 31931878 PMCID: PMC6958598 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of pluripotent cells that might be used for treatment of liver disease. However, the efficacy of MSCs for mice with alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow (BM) of 4–6-week-old male C57BL/6 N mice. AH was induced in female mice by chronic-binge ethanol feeding for 10 days. The mice were given intraperitoneal injections of MSCs with or without transfection or AG490, recombinant mouse tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated gene/protein 6 (rmTSG-6), or saline at day 10. Blood samples and hepatic tissues were collected at day 11. Various assays such as biochemistry, histology, and flow cytometry were performed. Results MSCs reduced AH in mice, decreasing liver/body weight ratio, liver injury, blood and hepatic lipids, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-6, and TNF-ɑ, but increasing glutathione, IL-10, and TSG-6, compared to control mice. Few MSCs engrafted into the inflamed liver. Knockdown of TSG-6 in MSCs significantly attenuated their effects, and injection of rmTSG-6 achieved similar effects to MSCs. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was activated in mice with AH, and MSCs and rmTSG-6 inhibited the STAT3 activation. Injection of MSCs plus AG490 obtained more alleviation of liver injury than MSCs alone. Conclusions BM-MSCs injected into mice with AH do not engraft the liver, but they secrete TSG-6 to reduce liver injury and to inhibit STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Meng Wan
- Gastroenterology Department, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650101, Yunnan Province, China.,Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Men-Jie Wang
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hui-Xin Wu
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yun-Zhen Mu
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yue-Feng He
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- The Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xi-Nan Wu
- Public Health Institute of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650500, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Yu-Hua Li
- Gastroenterology Department, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xu
- Gastroenterology Department, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hua-Mei Wu
- Gastroenterology Department, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Gastroenterology Department, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jin-Hui Yang
- Gastroenterology Department, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, 65010, Yunnan Province, China
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30
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Jha KA, Pentecost M, Lenin R, Gentry J, Klaic L, Del Mar N, Reiner A, Yang CH, Pfeffer LM, Sohl N, Gangaraju R. TSG-6 in conditioned media from adipose mesenchymal stem cells protects against visual deficits in mild traumatic brain injury model through neurovascular modulation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:318. [PMID: 31690344 PMCID: PMC6833275 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1436-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal inflammation affecting the neurovascular unit may play a role in the development of visual deficits following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We have shown that concentrated conditioned media from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC-CCM) can limit retinal damage from blast injury and improve visual function. In this study, we addressed the hypothesis that TNFα-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), an anti-inflammatory protein released by mesenchymal cells, mediates the observed therapeutic potential of ASCs via neurovascular modulation. METHODS About 12-week-old C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to 50-psi air pulse on the left side of the head overlying the forebrain resulting in an mTBI. Age-matched sham blast mice served as control. About 1 μl of ASC-CCM (siControl-ASC-CCM) or TSG-6 knockdown ASC-CCM (siTSG-6-ASC-CCM) was delivered intravitreally into both eyes. One month following injection, the ocular function was assessed followed by molecular and immunohistological analysis. In vitro, mouse microglial cells were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of ASC-CCM. Efficacy of ASC-CCM in normalizing retinal vascular permeability was assessed using trans-endothelial resistance (TER) and VE-cadherin expression in the presence of TNFα (1 ng/ml). RESULTS We show that intravitreal injection of ASC-CCM (siControl-ASC-CCM) but not the TSG-6 knockdown ASC-CCM (siTSG-6-ASC-CCM) mitigates the loss of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, retinal expression of genes associated with microglial and endothelial activation, and retinal GFAP immunoreactivity at 4 weeks after blast injury. In vitro, siControl-ASC-CCM but not the siTSG-6-ASC-CCM not only suppressed microglial activation and STAT3 phosphorylation but also protected against TNFα-induced endothelial permeability as measured by transendothelial electrical resistance and decreased STAT3 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ASCs respond to an inflammatory milieu by secreting higher levels of TSG-6 that mediates the resolution of the inflammatory cascade on multiple cell types and correlates with the therapeutic potency of the ASC-CCM. These results expand our understanding of innate mesenchymal cell function and confirm the importance of considering methods to increase the production of key analytes such as TSG-6 if mesenchymal stem cell secretome-derived biologics are to be developed as a treatment solution against the traumatic effects of blast injuries and other neurovascular inflammatory conditions of the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Abhiram Jha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 930 Madison Ave, Suite#768, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Mickey Pentecost
- Cell Care Therapeutics, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Present Address: Pathways to Stem Cell Science, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Raji Lenin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 930 Madison Ave, Suite#768, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Jordy Gentry
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 930 Madison Ave, Suite#768, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Lada Klaic
- Cell Care Therapeutics, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nobel Del Mar
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 855 Monroe Avenue, Suite#515, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Anton Reiner
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 855 Monroe Avenue, Suite#515, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Chuan He Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 19 South Manassas Street, Suite#214, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Lawrence M Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 19 South Manassas Street, Suite#214, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Nicolas Sohl
- Cell Care Therapeutics, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rajashekhar Gangaraju
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 930 Madison Ave, Suite#768, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA. .,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 855 Monroe Avenue, Suite#515, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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31
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Lee EJ, Cárdenes N, Álvarez D, Sellarés J, Sembrat J, Aranda P, Peng Y, Bullock J, Nouraie SM, Mora AL, Rojas M. Mesenchymal stem cells reduce ER stress via PERK-Nrf2 pathway in an aged mouse model. Respirology 2019; 25:417-426. [PMID: 31364255 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been shown to ameliorate the deleterious effects of bleomycin in murine models. However, the mechanism responsible for protection from pulmonary fibrosis by stem cell therapy is still poorly understood, especially in terms of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesized that during bleomycin-induced lung injury, markers of ER stress, specifically the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), increase during injury, resembling the kinetics of collagen deposition in the lung described for the bleomycin model. We aimed to elucidate the possible role of MSC in ER stress modulation. METHODS To determine the kinetics of ER stress in aged mice, the expression of ER stress markers after bleomycin lung injury was measured in old mice at different time points (days 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21). To evaluate the consequences of systemic delivery of MSC on lung ER stress in the bleomycin model, we evaluated changes in body weight, lung histology and protein expression of ER stress markers. RESULTS The level of expression of UPR transcription factor XBP-1 and its regulator BiP was elevated at day 7 and progressively increased up to day 21. MSC inhibited BiP expression in bleomycin-induced ER stress, attenuating ER stress via the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)-Nrf2 pathway. The expression levels of other ER stress markers were not perturbed by MSC. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that MSC operate on ER stress via several pathways, but the PERK-Nrf2 pathway revealed to be the main functioning pathway in our bleomycin model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Lee
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayra Cárdenes
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Diana Álvarez
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jacobo Sellarés
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Interstitial Lung Disease Program, Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Sembrat
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paola Aranda
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yating Peng
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jordan Bullock
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Seyed M Nouraie
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana L Mora
- Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Vascular Medicine Institute University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Vascular Medicine Institute University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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32
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Lin R, Li M, Luo M, Teng T, Pan Y, Huang H. Mesenchymal stem cells decrease blood-brain barrier permeability in rats with severe acute pancreatitis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:43. [PMID: 31236121 PMCID: PMC6580617 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Impairment of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) could result in secondary cerebral edema and life-threatening pancreatic encephalopathy in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely adopted in clinical research because of their pleiotropic functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of MSCs on BBB permeability in SAP and the potential mechanisms driving these effects. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the control, SAP and SAP+MSCs groups. Pancreatic impairment was assessed. The serum levels of amylase, TNF-α and IL-10, expression levels of claudin-5, Bax, Bcl-2 and MMP-9, and the BBB permeability were measured. Endothelial cell apoptosis was evaluated. Results SAP rats showed BBB impairment with increased permeability and secondary cerebral edema, which was confirmed using the Evans blue assay and the calculation of the brain dry/wet ratio. Treatment with MSCs decreased the serum levels of amylase and TNF-α, increased the serum levels of IL-10, attenuated the apoptosis of brain microvascular endothelial cells, upregulated claudin-5 expression and downregulated MMP-9 expression. This treatment attenuated the increased BBB permeability in SAP rats. Conclusions MSCs attenuated the impairment of the BBB and decreased its permeability, producing protective effects in SAP rats. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11658-019-0167-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronggui Lin
- 1Department of General surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- 2Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan China
| | - Meiqin Luo
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Tianhong Teng
- 1Department of General surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Pan
- 1Department of General surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
| | - Heguang Huang
- 1Department of General surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
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Regmi S, Pathak S, Kim JO, Yong CS, Jeong JH. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases: Challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives. Eur J Cell Biol 2019; 98:151041. [PMID: 31023504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising alternative agents for the treatment of inflammatory disorders due to their immunomodulatory functions, and several clinical trials on MSC-based products are currently being conducted. In this review, we discuss recent progress made on the use of MSCs as immunomodulatory agents, developmental challenges posed by MSC-based therapy, and the strategies being used to overcome these challenges. In this context, current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for MSC interactions with the immune system and the molecular responses of MSCs to inflammatory signals are discussed. The immunosuppressive activities of MSCs are initiated by cell-to-cell contact and the release of immuno-regulatory molecules. By doing so, MSCs can inhibit the proliferation and function of T cells, natural killer cells, B cells, and dendritic cells, and can also increase the proliferation of regulatory T cells. However, various problems, such as low transplanted cell viability, poor homing and engraftment into injured tissues, MSC heterogeneity, and lack of adequate information on optimum MSC doses impede clinical applications. On the other hand, it has been shown that the immunomodulatory activities and viabilities of MSCs might be enhanced by 3D-cultured systems, genetic modifications, preconditioning, and targeted-delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Regmi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Shiva Pathak
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
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