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Zielinski M, Peralta Reyes FS, Gremer L, Schemmert S, Frieg B, Schäfer LU, Willuweit A, Donner L, Elvers M, Nilsson LNG, Syvänen S, Sehlin D, Ingelsson M, Willbold D, Schröder GF. Cryo-EM of Aβ fibrils from mouse models find tg-APP ArcSwe fibrils resemble those found in patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:2073-2080. [PMID: 37973869 PMCID: PMC10689242 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of transgenic mice displaying amyloid-β (Aβ) brain pathology has been essential for the preclinical assessment of new treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease. However, the properties of Aβ in such mice have not been systematically compared to Aβ in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Here, we determined the structures of nine ex vivo Aβ fibrils from six different mouse models by cryogenic-electron microscopy. We found novel Aβ fibril structures in the APP/PS1, ARTE10 and tg-SwDI models, whereas the human type II filament fold was found in the ARTE10, tg-APPSwe and APP23 models. The tg-APPArcSwe mice showed an Aβ fibril whose structure resembles the human type I filament found in patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. A detailed assessment of the Aβ fibril structure is key to the selection of adequate mouse models for the preclinical development of novel plaque-targeting therapeutics and positron emission tomography imaging tracers in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Zielinski
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Lothar Gremer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sarah Schemmert
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Frieg
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Luisa U Schäfer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Antje Willuweit
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Medical Imaging Physics (INM-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Lili Donner
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lars N G Nilsson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stina Syvänen
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dag Sehlin
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gunnar F Schröder
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Physics Department, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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2
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Nikiforova A, Sedov I. Molecular Design of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Agents Binding to Amyloid Deposits. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11152. [PMID: 37446329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to detect and monitor amyloid deposition in the brain using non-invasive imaging techniques provides valuable insights into the early diagnosis and progression of Alzheimer's disease and helps to evaluate the efficacy of potential treatments. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely available technique offering high-spatial-resolution imaging. It can be used to visualize amyloid deposits with the help of amyloid-binding diagnostic agents injected into the body. In recent years, a number of amyloid-targeted MRI probes have been developed, but none of them has entered clinical practice. We review the advances in the field and deduce the requirements for the molecular structure and properties of a diagnostic probe candidate. These requirements make up the base for the rational design of MRI-active small molecules targeting amyloid deposits. Particular attention is paid to the novel cryo-EM structures of the fibril aggregates and their complexes, with known binders offering the possibility to use computational structure-based design methods. With continued research and development, MRI probes may revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, ultimately improving the lives of millions of people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Nikiforova
- Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Igor Sedov
- Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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3
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Siafaka PI, Okur ME, Erim PD, Çağlar EŞ, Özgenç E, Gündoğdu E, Köprülü REP, Karantas ID, Üstündağ Okur N. Protein and Gene Delivery Systems for Neurodegenerative Disorders: Where Do We Stand Today? Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2425. [PMID: 36365243 PMCID: PMC9698227 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been estimated that every year, millions of people are affected by neurodegenerative disorders, which complicate their lives and their caregivers' lives. To date, there has not been an approved pharmacological approach to provide the complete treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The only available drugs may only relieve the symptoms or slow down the progression of the disease. The absence of any treatment is quite rational given that neurodegeneration occurs by the progressive loss of the function or structure of the nerve cells of the brain or the peripheral nervous system, which eventually leads to their death either by apoptosis or necrotic cell death. According to a recent study, even though adult brain cells are injured, they can revert to an embryonic state, which may help to restore their function. These interesting findings might open a new path for the development of more efficient therapeutic strategies to combat devastating neurodegenerative disorders. Gene and protein therapies have emerged as a rapidly growing field for various disorders, especially neurodegenerative diseases. Despite these promising therapies, the complete treatment of neurodegenerative disorders has not yet been achieved. Therefore, the aim of this review is to address the most up-to-date data for neurodegenerative diseases, but most importantly, to summarize the available delivery systems incorporating proteins, peptides, and genes that can potentially target such diseases and pass into the blood-brain barrier. The authors highlight the advancements, at present, on delivery based on the carrier, i.e., lipid, polymeric, and inorganic, as well as the recent studies on radiopharmaceutical theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Evren Okur
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Pelin Dilsiz Erim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Regenerative and Restorative Medical Research Center (REMER), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, Istanbul 34217, Turkey
| | - Emre Şefik Çağlar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Emre Özgenç
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Evren Gündoğdu
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Rabia Edibe Parlar Köprülü
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey
| | | | - Neslihan Üstündağ Okur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
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4
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Ni R, Nitsch RM. Recent Developments in Positron Emission Tomography Tracers for Proteinopathies Imaging in Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:751897. [PMID: 35046791 PMCID: PMC8761855 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.751897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An early detection and intervention for dementia represent tremendous unmet clinical needs and priorities in society. A shared feature of neurodegenerative diseases causing dementia is the abnormal accumulation and spreading of pathological protein aggregates, which affect the selective vulnerable circuit in a disease-specific pattern. The advancement in positron emission tomography (PET) biomarkers has accelerated the understanding of the disease mechanism and development of therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The clinical utility of amyloid-β PET and the clinical validity of tau PET as diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer's disease continuum have been demonstrated. The inclusion of biomarkers in the diagnostic criteria has introduced a paradigm shift that facilitated the early and differential disease diagnosis and impacted on the clinical management. Application of disease-modifying therapy likely requires screening of patients with molecular evidence of pathological accumulation and monitoring of treatment effect assisted with biomarkers. There is currently still a gap in specific 4-repeat tau imaging probes for 4-repeat tauopathies and α-synuclein imaging probes for Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy body. In this review, we focused on recent development in molecular imaging biomarkers for assisting the early diagnosis of proteinopathies (i.e., amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein) in dementia and discussed future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH & University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger M. Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Ni R. Positron Emission Tomography in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease Amyloidosis: Translational Implications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1179. [PMID: 34832961 PMCID: PMC8623863 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of Alzheimer's disease amyloidosis that recapitulate cerebral amyloid-beta pathology have been widely used in preclinical research and have greatly enabled the mechanistic understanding of Alzheimer's disease and the development of therapeutics. Comprehensive deep phenotyping of the pathophysiological and biochemical features in these animal models is essential. Recent advances in positron emission tomography have allowed the non-invasive visualization of the alterations in the brain of animal models and in patients with Alzheimer's disease. These tools have facilitated our understanding of disease mechanisms and provided longitudinal monitoring of treatment effects in animal models of Alzheimer's disease amyloidosis. In this review, we focus on recent positron emission tomography studies of cerebral amyloid-beta accumulation, hypoglucose metabolism, synaptic and neurotransmitter receptor deficits (cholinergic and glutamatergic system), blood-brain barrier impairment, and neuroinflammation (microgliosis and astrocytosis) in animal models of Alzheimer's disease amyloidosis. We further propose the emerging targets and tracers for reflecting the pathophysiological changes and discuss outstanding challenges in disease animal models and future outlook in the on-chip characterization of imaging biomarkers towards clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH & University of Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, 8952 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Willuweit A, Schöneck M, Schemmert S, Lohmann P, Bremen S, Honold D, Burda N, Jiang N, Beer S, Ermert J, Willbold D, Shah NJ, Langen KJ. Comparison of the Amyloid Load in the Brains of Two Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models Quantified by Florbetaben Positron Emission Tomography. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:699926. [PMID: 34671235 PMCID: PMC8520975 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.699926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, which can be mimicked by transgenic mouse models. Here, we report on the characterization of amyloid load in the brains of two transgenic amyloidosis models using positron emission tomography (PET) with florbetaben (FBB), an 18F-labeled amyloid PET tracer routinely used in AD patients. Young, middle-aged, and old homozygous APP/PS1 mice (ARTE10), old hemizygous APPswe/PS1ΔE9, and old wild-type control mice were subjected to FBB PET using a small animal PET/computed tomography scanner. After PET, brains were excised, and ex vivo autoradiography was performed. Plaque pathology was verified on brain sections with histological methods. Amyloid plaque load increased progressively with age in the cortex and hippocampus of ARTE10 mice, which could be detected with both in vivo FBB PET and ex vivo autoradiography. FBB retention showed significant differences to wild-type controls already at 9 months of age by both in vivo and ex vivo analyses. An excellent correlation between data derived from PET and autoradiography could be obtained (r Pearson = 0.947, p < 0.0001). Although amyloid load detected by FBB in the brains of old APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice was as low as values obtained with young ARTE10 mice, statistically significant discrimination to wild-type animals was reached (p < 0.01). In comparison to amyloid burden quantified by histological analysis, FBB retention correlated best with total plaque load and number of congophilic plaques in the brains of both mouse models. In conclusion, the homozygous ARTE10 mouse model showed superior properties over APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice for FBB small animal amyloid PET imaging. The absolute amount of congophilic dense-cored plaques seems to be the decisive factor for feasibility of amyloidosis models for amyloid PET analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Willuweit
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Schöneck
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sarah Schemmert
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohmann
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Saskia Bremen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dominik Honold
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Nicole Burda
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Nan Jiang
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Simone Beer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Johannes Ermert
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,JARA-Brain-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Langen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2, INM-4, INM-5, and INM-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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7
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Mengr A, Hrubá L, Exnerová A, Holubová M, Popelová A, Železná B, Kuneš J, Maletínská L. Palmitoylated prolactin-releasing peptide reduced Aβ plaques and microgliosis in the cerebellum: APP/PS1 mice study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 18:607-622. [PMID: 34551697 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666210922110652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is a potential drug for the treatment of obesity and associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to its strong anorexigenic and antidiabetic properties. In our recent study, the lipidized PrRP analog palm11-PrRP31 was proven to exert beneficial effects in APP/PS1 mice, a model of Alzheimer´s disease (AD)-like amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, reducing the Aβ plaque load, microgliosis and astrocytosis in the hippocampus and cortex. OBJECTIVE In this study, we focused on the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of palm11-PrRP31 and its possible impact on synaptogenesis in the cerebellum of APP/PS1 mice, because others have suggested that cerebellar Aβ plaques contribute to cognitive deficits in AD. METHODS APP/PS1 mice were treated subcutaneously with palm11-PrRP31 for 2 months, then immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to quantify pathological markers connected to AD, compared to control mice. RESULTS In the cerebella of 8 months old APP/PS1 mice, we found widespread Aβ plaques surrounded by activated microglia detected by ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (Iba1), but no increase in astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) compared to controls. Interestingly, no difference in both presynaptic markers syntaxin1A and postsynaptic marker spinophilin was registered between APP/PS1 and control mice. Palm11-PrRP31 treatment significantly reduced the Aβ plaque load and microgliosis in the cerebellum. Furthermore, palm11-PrRP31 increased synaptogenesis and attenuated neuroinflammation and apoptosis in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSION These results suggest palm11-PrRP31 is a promising agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mengr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Hrubá
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Exnerová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
| | - Martina Holubová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Popelová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Železná
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kuneš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6. Czech Republic
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Abstract
The use of PET imaging agents in oncology, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease shows the power of this technique in evaluating the molecular and biological characteristics of numerous diseases. These agents provide crucial information for designing therapeutic strategies for individual patients. Novel PET tracers are in continual development and many have potential use in clinical and research settings. This article discusses the potential applications of tracers in diagnostics, the biological characteristics of diseases, the ability to provide prognostic indicators, and using this information to guide treatment strategies including monitoring treatment efficacy in real time to improve outcomes and survival.
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9
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Comprehensive review on design perspective of PET ligands based on β-amyloids, tau and neuroinflammation for diagnostic intervention of Alzheimer’s disease. Clin Transl Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-021-00410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Librizzi D, Cabanel N, Zavorotnyy M, Riehl E, Kircher T, Luster M, Hooshyar Yousefi B. Clinical Relevance of [ 18F]Florbetaben and [ 18F]FDG PET/CT Imaging on the Management of Patients with Dementia. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051282. [PMID: 33652938 PMCID: PMC7956266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PET of β-Amyloid plaques (Aβ) using [18F]florbetaben ([18F]FBB) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) increasingly aid clinicians in early diagnosis of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and vascular dementia. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate clinical relevance of [18F]FBB, [18F]FDG PET and complimentary CSF measurements in patients with suspected dementia. In this study, 40 patients with clinically suspected or history of dementia underwent (1) measurement of Aβ peptides, total tau, and p-tau protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared with healthy controls (HC); (2) clinical and neuropsychological assessment, which included Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease neuropsychological assessment battery (CERAD-NAB); (3) [18F]FBB and [18F]FDG PET imaging within an average of 3 weeks. The subjects were within 15 days stratified using PET, CSF measurements as HC, mild cognitive impaired (MCI) and dementia including Alzheimer´s disease. The predictive dementia-related cognitive decline values were supporting the measurements. PET images were evaluated visually and quantitatively using standard uptake value ratios (SUVR). Twenty-one (52.5%) subjects were amyloid-positive (Aβ+), with a median neocortical SUVR of 1.80 for AD versus 1.20 relative to the respective 19 (47.5 %) amyloid-negative (Aβ-) subjects. Moreover, the [18F]FDG and [18F]FBB confirmed within a sub-group of 10 patients a good complimentary role by correlation between amyloid pathology and brain glucose metabolism in 8 out of 10 subjects. The results suggest the clinical relevance for [18F]FBB combined with [18F]FDG PET retention and CFS measurements serving the management of our patients with dementia. Therefore, [18F]FBB combined with [18F]FDG PET is a helpful tool for differential diagnosis, and supports the patients’ management as well as treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Librizzi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (D.L.); (E.R.); (M.L.)
| | - Nicole Cabanel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35039 Marburg, Germany; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (T.K.)
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior—MCMBB, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Maxim Zavorotnyy
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35039 Marburg, Germany; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (T.K.)
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior—MCMBB, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Services Aargau, Academic Hospital of the University of Zurich, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Riehl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (D.L.); (E.R.); (M.L.)
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35039 Marburg, Germany; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (T.K.)
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior—MCMBB, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Luster
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (D.L.); (E.R.); (M.L.)
| | - Behrooz Hooshyar Yousefi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (D.L.); (E.R.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6421-586-5806
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11
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Abstract
This article presents an overview of imaging agents for PET that have been applied for research and diagnostic purposes in patients affected by dementia. Classified by the target which the agents visualize, seven groups of tracers can be distinguished, namely radiopharmaceuticals for: (1) Misfolded proteins (ß-amyloid, tau, α-synuclein), (2) Neuroinflammation (overexpression of translocator protein), (3) Elements of the cholinergic system, (4) Elements of monoamine neurotransmitter systems, (5) Synaptic density, (6) Cerebral energy metabolism (glucose transport/ hexokinase), and (7) Various other proteins. This last category contains proteins involved in mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation or cognitive impairment, which may also be potential therapeutic targets. Many receptors belong to this category: AMPA, cannabinoid, colony stimulating factor 1, metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and 5 (mGluR1, mGluR5), opioid (kappa, mu), purinergic (P2X7, P2Y12), sigma-1, sigma-2, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, besides several enzymes: cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 (COX-1, COX-2), phosphodiesterase-5 and 10 (PDE5, PDE10), and tropomyosin receptor kinase. Significant advances in neuroimaging have been made in the last 15 years. The use of 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) for quantification of regional cerebral glucose metabolism is well-established. Three tracers for ß-amyloid plaques have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. Several tracers for tau neurofibrillary tangles are already applied in clinical research. Since many novel agents are in the preclinical or experimental stage of development, further advances in nuclear medicine imaging can be expected in the near future. PET studies with established tracers and tracers for novel targets may result in early diagnosis and better classification of neurodegenerative disorders and in accurate monitoring of therapy trials which involve these targets. PET data have prognostic value and may be used to assess the response of the human brain to interventions, or to select the appropriate treatment strategy for an individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aren van Waarde
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sofia Marcolini
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Paul de Deyn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Antwerp, Born-Bunge Institute, Neurochemistry and Behavior, Campus Drie Eiken, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Niu Z, Sarkar R, Aichler M, Wester H, Yousefi BH, Reif B. Mapping the Binding Interface of PET Tracer Molecules and Alzheimer Disease Aβ Fibrils by Using MAS Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2495-2502. [PMID: 32291951 PMCID: PMC7496087 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) tracer molecules like thioflavin T specifically recognize amyloid deposition in brain tissue by selective binding to hydrophobic or aromatic surface grooves on the β-sheet surface along the fibril axis. The molecular basis of this interaction is, however, not well understood. We have employed magic angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR spectroscopy to characterize Aβ-PET tracer complexes at atomic resolution. We established a titration protocol by using bovine serum albumin as a carrier to transfer hydrophobic small molecules to Aβ(1-40) fibrillar aggregates. The same Aβ(1-40) amyloid fibril sample was employed in subsequent titrations to minimize systematic errors that potentially arise from sample preparation. In the experiments, the small molecules 13 C-methylated Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) as well as a novel Aβ tracer based on a diarylbithiazole (DABTA) scaffold were employed. Classical 13 C-detected as well as proton-detected spectra of protonated and perdeuterated samples with back-substituted protons, respectively, were acquired and analyzed. After titration of the tracers, chemical-shift perturbations were observed in the loop region involving residues Gly25-Lys28 and Ile32-Gly33, thus suggesting that the PET tracer molecules interact with the loop region connecting β-sheets β1 and β2 in Aβ fibrils. We found that titration of the PiB derivatives suppressed fibril polymorphism and stabilized the amyloid fibril structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Niu
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS−M) Department ChemieTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum MünchenInstitute of Structural Biology (STB)Ingolstädter Landstrasse 185764NeuherbergGermany
| | - Riddhiman Sarkar
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS−M) Department ChemieTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum MünchenInstitute of Structural Biology (STB)Ingolstädter Landstrasse 185764NeuherbergGermany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenResearch Unit Analytical Pathology (AAP)Ingolstädter Landstrasse 185764NeuherbergGermany
| | - Hans‐Jürgen Wester
- Technische Universität MünchenDepartment of Pharmaceutical RadiochemistryWalther-Meißner-Strasse 385748GarchingGermany
| | - Behrooz Hooshyar Yousefi
- Technische Universität MünchenDepartment of Pharmaceutical RadiochemistryWalther-Meißner-Strasse 385748GarchingGermany
- Philipps University of MarburgDepartment of Nuclear MedicineBaldingerstrasse. 135043MarburgGermany
| | - Bernd Reif
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS−M) Department ChemieTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum MünchenInstitute of Structural Biology (STB)Ingolstädter Landstrasse 185764NeuherbergGermany
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13
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An HH, Moon BS, Park HS, Lee HJ, Lee SJ, Oh SJ, Kim BS, Lee BC, Lee WW, Kim SE. Comparative Study in Different Filters for Efficient Sterile Filtration. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ho An
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSeoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam 13620 Korea
| | - Byung Seok Moon
- Department of Nuclear MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul 07804 Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Park
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSeoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam 13620 Korea
| | - Hong Jin Lee
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSeoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam 13620 Korea
| | - Sang Ju Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul 05505 Korea
| | - Seung Jun Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul 05505 Korea
| | - Bom Sahn Kim
- Department of Nuclear MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul 07804 Korea
| | - Byung Chul Lee
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSeoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam 13620 Korea
- Center for Nanomolecular Imaging and Innovative Drug DevelopmentAdvanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Suwon 16229 Korea
| | - Won Woo Lee
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSeoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam 13620 Korea
| | - Sang Eun Kim
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSeoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam 13620 Korea
- Center for Nanomolecular Imaging and Innovative Drug DevelopmentAdvanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Suwon 16229 Korea
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and TechnologySeoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
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14
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Focused ultrasound for opening blood-brain barrier and drug delivery monitored with positron emission tomography. J Control Release 2020; 324:303-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Stenzel J, Rühlmann C, Lindner T, Polei S, Teipel S, Kurth J, Rominger A, Krause BJ, Vollmar B, Kuhla A. [ 18F]-florbetaben PET/CT Imaging in the Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model APPswe/PS1dE9. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:49-55. [PMID: 30345916 DOI: 10.2174/1567205015666181022095904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positron-emission-tomography (PET) using 18F labeled florbetaben allows noninvasive in vivo-assessment of amyloid-beta (Aβ), a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In preclinical research, [18F]-florbetaben-PET has already been used to test the amyloid-lowering potential of new drugs, both in humans and in transgenic models of cerebral amyloidosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the spatial pattern of cerebral uptake of [18F]-florbetaben in the APPswe/ PS1dE9 mouse model of AD in comparison to histologically determined number and size of cerebral Aβ plaques. METHODS Both, APPswe/PS1dE9 and wild type mice at an age of 12 months were investigated by smallanimal PET/CT after intravenous injection of [18F]-florbetaben. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging data were used for quantification of the PET data by volume of interest analysis. The standardized uptake values (SUVs) of [18F]-florbetaben in vivo as well as post mortem cerebral Aβ plaque load in cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum were analyzed. RESULTS Visual inspection and SUVs revealed an increased cerebral uptake of [18F]-florbetaben in APPswe/ PS1dE9 mice compared with wild type mice especially in the cortex, the hippocampus and the cerebellum. However, SUV ratios (SUVRs) relative to cerebellum revealed only significant differences in the hippocampus between the APPswe/PS1dE9 and wild type mice but not in cortex; this differential effect may reflect the lower plaque area in the cortex than in the hippocampus as found in the histological analysis. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that histopathological characteristics of Aβ plaque size and spatial distribution can be depicted in vivo using [18F]-florbetaben in the APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stenzel
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - C Rühlmann
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - T Lindner
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - S Polei
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - S Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) - Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - J Kurth
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - A Rominger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B J Krause
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - B Vollmar
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - A Kuhla
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Uzuegbunam BC, Librizzi D, Hooshyar Yousefi B. PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis, the Current and Future Landscape. Molecules 2020; 25:E977. [PMID: 32098280 PMCID: PMC7070523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ironically, population aging which is considered a public health success has been accompanied by a myriad of new health challenges, which include neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), the incidence of which increases proportionally to age. Among them, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common, with the misfolding and the aggregation of proteins being common and causal in the pathogenesis of both diseases. AD is characterized by the presence of hyperphosphorylated τ protein (tau), which is the main component of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and senile plaques the main component of which is β-amyloid peptide aggregates (Aβ). The neuropathological hallmark of PD is α-synuclein aggregates (α-syn), which are present as insoluble fibrils, the primary structural component of Lewy body (LB) and neurites (LN). An increasing number of non-invasive PET examinations have been used for AD, to monitor the pathological progress (hallmarks) of disease. Notwithstanding, still the need for the development of novel detection tools for other proteinopathies still remains. This review, although not exhaustively, looks at the timeline of the development of existing tracers used in the imaging of Aβ and important moments that led to the development of these tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damiano Librizzi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Behrooz Hooshyar Yousefi
- Nuclear Medicine Department, and Neuroimaging Center, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
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17
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Grimmer T, Shi K, Diehl-Schmid J, Natale B, Drzezga A, Förster S, Förstl H, Schwaiger M, Yakushev I, Wester HJ, Kurz A, Yousefi BH. 18F-FIBT may expand PET for β-amyloid imaging in neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2608-2619. [PMID: 30120417 PMCID: PMC7515824 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
18F-FIBT, 2-(p-Methylaminophenyl)-7-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)imidazo-[2,1-b]benzothiazole, is a new selective PET tracer under clinical investigation to specifically image β-amyloid depositions (Aβ) in humans in-vivo that binds to Aβ with excellent affinity (Kd 0.7 ± 0.2) and high selectivity over tau and α-synuclein aggregates (Ki > 1000 nM). We aimed to characterize 18F-FIBT in a series of patients with different clinical-pathophysiological phenotypes and to compare its binding characteristics to the reference compound PiB. Six patients (mild late-onset and moderate early-onset AD dementia, mild cognitive impairment due to AD, intermediate likelihood, mild behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, subjective memory impairment without evidence of neurodegeneration, and mild dementia due to Posterior Cortical Atrophy) underwent PET imaging with 18F-FIBT on PET/MR. With the guidance of MRI, PET images were corrected for partial volume effect, time-activity curves (TACs) of regions of interest (ROIs) were extracted, and non-displaceable binding potentials (BPnd), standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR), and distribution volume ratio (DVR) were compared. Specific binding was detected in the cases with evidence of the AD pathophysiological process visualized in images of BPnd, DVR and SUVR, consistently with patterns of different tracers in previous studies. SUVR showed the highest correlation with clinical severity. The previous preclinical characterization and the results of this case series suggest the clinical usefulness of FIBT as a selective and highly affine next-generation 18F-labeled tracer for amyloid-imaging with excellent pharmacokinetics in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. The results compare well to the gold standard PiB and hence support further investigation in larger human samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Grimmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Kuangyu Shi
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany ,grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstr. 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Janine Diehl-Schmid
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Bianca Natale
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- grid.411097.a0000 0000 8852 305XDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Förster
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Förstl
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Igor Yakushev
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Walther-Meißner-Str. 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Kurz
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Behrooz Hooshyar Yousefi
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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18
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Sagnou M, Mavroidi B, Shegani A, Paravatou-Petsotas M, Raptopoulou C, Psycharis V, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos MS, Pelecanou M. Remarkable Brain Penetration of Cyclopentadienyl M(CO)3+ (M = 99mTc, Re) Derivatives of Benzothiazole and Benzimidazole Paves the Way for Their Application as Diagnostic, with Single-Photon-Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and Therapeutic Agents for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2638-2650. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Valotassiou V, Malamitsi J, Papatriantafyllou J, Dardiotis E, Tsougos I, Psimadas D, Alexiou S, Hadjigeorgiou G, Georgoulias P. SPECT and PET imaging in Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Nucl Med 2018; 32:583-593. [PMID: 30128693 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-018-1292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Valotassiou
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece.
| | - Julia Malamitsi
- Medical Physics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Ioannis Tsougos
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Psimadas
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Sotiria Alexiou
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | - George Hadjigeorgiou
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Georgoulias
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
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20
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Son HJ, Jeong YJ, Yoon HJ, Lee SY, Choi GE, Park JA, Kim MH, Lee KC, Lee YJ, Kim MK, Cho K, Kang DY. Assessment of brain beta-amyloid deposition in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease with PET imaging agents 18F-flutemetamol and 18F-florbetaben. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:45. [PMID: 30053803 PMCID: PMC6063010 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although amyloid beta (Aβ) imaging is widely used for diagnosing and monitoring Alzheimer's disease in clinical fields, paralleling comparison between 18F-flutemetamol and 18F-florbetaben was rarely attempted in AD mouse model. We performed a comparison of Aβ PET images between 18F-flutemetamol and 18F-florbetaben in a recently developed APPswe mouse model, C57BL/6-Tg (NSE-hAPPsw) Korl. RESULTS After an injection (0.23 mCi) of 18F-flutemetamol and 18F-florbetaben at a time interval of 2-3 days, we compared group difference of SUVR and kinetic parameters between the AD (n = 7) and control (n = 7) mice, as well as between 18F-flutemetamol and 18F-florbetaben image. In addition, bio-distribution and histopathology were conducted. With visual image and VOI-based SUVR analysis, the AD group presented more prominent uptake than did the control group in both the 18F-florbetaben and 18F-flutemetamol images. With kinetic analysis, the 18F-florbetaben images showed differences in K1 and k4 between the AD and control groups, although 18F-flutemetamol images did not show significant difference. 18F-florbetaben images showed more prominent cortical uptake and matched well to the thioflavin S staining images than did the 18F-flutemetamol image. In contrast, 18F-flutemetamol images presented higher K1, k4, K1/k2 values than those of 18F-florbetaben images. Also, 18F-flutemetamol images presented prominent uptake in the bowel and bladder, consistent with higher bio-distribution in kidney, lung, blood and heart. CONCLUSIONS Compared with 18F-flutemetamol images, 18F-florbetaben images showed prominent visual uptake intensity, SUVR, and higher correlations with the pathology. In contrast, 18F-flutemetamol was more actively metabolized than was 18F-florbetaben (Son et al. in J Nucl Med 58(Suppl 1):S278, 2017].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Joo Son
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-812 Korea
| | - Young Jin Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-812 Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-812 Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-812 Korea
| | - Go-Eun Choi
- Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Park
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hwan Kim
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyo Chul Lee
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mun Ki Kim
- Pohang Center of Evolution of Biomaterials, Pohang Technopark, Pohang, Korea
| | - Kook Cho
- Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Do-Young Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-812 Korea
- Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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21
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Doecke JD, Rembach A, Villemagne VL, Varghese S, Rainey-Smith S, Sarros S, Evered LA, Fowler CJ, Pertile KK, Rumble RL, Trounson B, Taddei K, Laws SM, Macaulay SL, Bush AI, Ellis KA, Martins R, Ames D, Silbert B, Vanderstichele H, Masters CL, Darby DG, Li QX, Collins S. Concordance Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers with Alzheimer's Disease Pathology Between Three Independent Assay Platforms. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:169-183. [PMID: 29171991 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To enhance the accuracy of clinical diagnosis for Alzheimer's disease (AD), pre-mortem biomarkers have become increasingly important for diagnosis and for participant recruitment in disease-specific treatment trials. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers provide a low-cost alternative to positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for in vivo quantification of different AD pathological hallmarks in the brains of affected subjects; however, consensus around the best platform, most informative biomarker and correlations across different methodologies are controversial. OBJECTIVE Assessing levels of Aβ-amyloid and tau species determined using three different versions of immunoassays, the current study explored the ability of CSF biomarkers to predict PET Aβ-amyloid (32 Aβ-amyloid-and 45 Aβ-amyloid+), as well as concordance between CSF biomarker levels and PET Aβ-amyloid imaging. METHODS Prediction and concordance analyses were performed using a sub-cohort of 77 individuals (48 healthy controls, 15 with mild cognitive impairment, and 14 with AD) from the Australian Imaging Biomarker and Lifestyle study of aging. RESULTS Across all three platforms, the T-tau/Aβ42 ratio biomarker had modestly higher correlation with SUVR/BeCKeT (ρ= 0.69-0.8) as compared with Aβ42 alone (ρ= 0.66-0.75). Differences in CSF biomarker levels between the PET Aβ-amyloid-and Aβ-amyloid+ groups were strongest for the Aβ42/Aβ40 and T-tau/Aβ42 ratios (p < 0.0001); however, comparison of predictive models for PET Aβ-amyloid showed no difference between Aβ42 alone and the T-tau/Aβ42 ratio. CONCLUSION This study confirms strong concordance between CSF biomarkers and PET Aβ-amyloid status is independent of immunoassay platform, supporting their utility as biomarkers in clinical practice for the diagnosis of AD and for participant enrichment in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Doecke
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity/Australian e-Health Research Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alan Rembach
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Victor L Villemagne
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Shiji Varghese
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,National Dementia Diagnostics Laboratory, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie Rainey-Smith
- Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (Hollywood Private Hospital), Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Shannon Sarros
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,National Dementia Diagnostics Laboratory, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisbeth A Evered
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Pain Medicine, Centre for Anaesthesia and Cognitive Function, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher J Fowler
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly K Pertile
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Rumble
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brett Trounson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin Taddei
- Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (Hollywood Private Hospital), Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Simon M Laws
- Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (Hollywood Private Hospital), Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S Lance Macaulay
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity/Australian e-Health Research Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Ellis
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ralph Martins
- Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (Hollywood Private Hospital), Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Ames
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brendan Silbert
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Pain Medicine, Centre for Anaesthesia and Cognitive Function, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,National Dementia Diagnostics Laboratory, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David G Darby
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,National Dementia Diagnostics Laboratory, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Collins
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine (RMH), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,National Dementia Diagnostics Laboratory, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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22
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Mendes BM, Ferreira AV, Nascimento LTC, Ferreira SMZMD, Silveira MB, Silva JB. New Radiation Dosimetry Estimates for [ 18F]FLT based on Voxelized Phantoms. Radiat Res 2018; 190:37-44. [PMID: 29693502 DOI: 10.1667/rr14950.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
3'-Deoxy-3-[18F]fluorothymidine, or [18F]FLT, is a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer used in clinical studies for noninvasive assessment of proliferation activity in several types of cancer. Although the use of this PET tracer is expanding, to date, few studies concerning its dosimetry have been published. In this work, new [18F]FLT dosimetry estimates are determined for human and mice using Monte Carlo simulations. Modern voxelized male and female phantoms and [18F]FLT biokinetic data, both published by the ICRP, were used for simulations of human cases. For most human organs/tissues the absorbed doses were higher than those reported in ICRP Publication 128. An effective dose of 1.70E-02 mSv/MBq to the whole body was determined, which is 13.5% higher than the ICRP reference value. These new human dosimetry estimates obtained using more realistic human phantoms represent an advance in the knowledge of [18F]FLT dosimetry. In addition, mice biokinetic data were obtained experimentally. These data and a previously developed voxelized mouse phantom were used for simulations of animal cases. Concerning animal dosimetry, absorbed doses for organs/tissues ranged from 4.47 ± 0.75 to 155.74 ± 59.36 mGy/MBq. The obtained set of organ/tissue radiation doses for healthy Swiss mice is a useful tool for application in animal experiment design.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Mendes
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear CDTN/CNEN, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A V Ferreira
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear CDTN/CNEN, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L T C Nascimento
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear CDTN/CNEN, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - S M Z M D Ferreira
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear CDTN/CNEN, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M B Silveira
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear CDTN/CNEN, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - J B Silva
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear CDTN/CNEN, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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23
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SLOH, a carbazole-based fluorophore, mitigates neuropathology and behavioral impairment in the triple-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2018; 131:351-363. [PMID: 29309769 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative dysfunction characterized by memory impairment and brings a heavy burden to old people both in developing and developed countries. Amyloid hypothesis reveals that aggregation and deposition of amyloid plaques are the cause of AD neurodegeneration. SLOH, a carbazole-based fluorophore, is reported to inhibit amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation in vitro. In the current study, we intended to evaluate the protective effect of SLOH in a triple transgenic AD mouse model (3xTg-AD). 3xTg-AD (10-month-old) were treated with SLOH (0.5, 1 and 2 mg kg-1) for one month via intraperitoneal injection. After treatment, cognitive function was assessed by Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Y-maze tasks. In addition, biochemical estimations were used to examine the degree of Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation and neuroinflammation in the brains of 3xTg-AD mice. An in vitro study was conducted on human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells to determine the activity of SLOH on tau and GSK-3β using western blot and immunofluorescence staining. One month treatment with SLOH significantly ameliorated memory impairments in 3xTg-AD mice in MWM and Y-maze tests. Moreover, SLOH treatment mitigated the level of amyloid plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation and neuroinflammation in the mouse brain. SLOH also reduced tau hyperphosphorylation and down-regulated GSK-3β activity in Aβ induced neurotoxic SH-SY5Y cells. The promising results in mitigating amyloid plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation and ameliorating cognitive deficits following one-month treatment suggest that SLOH could be a potential multi-target molecule for the AD treatment.
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24
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Nai YH, Shidahara M, Seki C, Watabe H. Biomathematical screening of amyloid radiotracers with clinical usefulness index. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2017; 3:542-552. [PMID: 29124113 PMCID: PMC5671631 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction To facilitate radiotracers' development, a screening methodology using a biomathematical model and clinical usefulness index (CUI) was proposed to evaluate radiotracers' diagnostic capabilities. Methods A total of 31 amyloid positron emission tomography radiotracers were evaluated. A previously developed biomathematical model was used to simulate 1000 standardized uptake value ratios with population and noise simulations, which were used to determine the integrated receiver operating characteristics curve (Az), effect size (Es), and standardized uptake value ratio (Sr) of conditions-pairs of healthy control–mild cognitive impaired and mild cognitive impaired–Alzheimer's disease. CUI was obtained from the product of averaged Az(Az¯), Es(Es¯), and Sr(Sr¯). Results The relationships of Az¯, Es¯, and Sr¯ with CUI were different, suggesting that they assessed different radiotracer properties. The combination of Az, Es, and Sr complemented each other and resulted in CUI of 0.10 to 5.72, with clinically applied amyloid positron emission tomography radiotracers having CUI greater than 3.0. Discussion The CUI rankings of clinically applied radiotracers were close to their reported clinical results, attesting to the applicability of the screening methodology. Clinical usefulness index was proposed to evaluate radiotracers' diagnostic power. CUI rankings of amyloid radiotracers were close to their clinical results. CUI allows for simultaneous and objective comparison of candidate radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hwey Nai
- Division of Radiation Informatics for Medical Imaging, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Radiation Protection and Safety Control, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miho Shidahara
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chie Seki
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watabe
- Division of Radiation Informatics for Medical Imaging, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Radiation Protection and Safety Control, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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25
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Oh SJ, Kim MH, Han SJ, Kang KJ, Ko IO, Kim Y, Park JA, Choi JY, Lee KC, Chi DY, Lee YJ, Kim KM. Preliminary PET Study of 18F-FC119S in Normal and Alzheimer’s Disease Models. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3114-3120. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Se Jong Oh
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
- Radiological & Medico-Oncological Sciences, Korea University of Science and Technology, 34113 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Hwan Kim
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Jin Han
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Kang
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ok Ko
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - YoungSoo Kim
- Department
of Pharmacy and Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, 03722 Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Park
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Choi
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyo Chul Lee
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Yoon Chi
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd, Seoul 04782, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division
of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Kim
- Radiological & Medico-Oncological Sciences, Korea University of Science and Technology, 34113 Daejeon, Korea
- Division
of Medical Radiation Equipment, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, 01812 Seoul, Korea
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26
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Wu X, Kosaraju J, Zhou W, Tam KY. Neuroprotective Effect of SLM, a Novel Carbazole-Based Fluorophore, on SH-SY5Y Cell Model and 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:676-685. [PMID: 28032988 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide aggregating to form a neurotoxic plaque, leading to cognitive deficits, is believed to be one of the plausible mechanisms for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibiting Aβ aggregation is supposed to offer a neuroprotective effect to ameliorate AD. A previous report has shown that SLM, a carbazole-based fluorophore, binds to Aβ to inhibit the aggregation. However, it is not entirely clear whether the inhibition of Aβ aggregation alone would lead to the anticipated neuroprotective effects. In the current study, we intended to examine the protective action of SLM against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and to evaluate if SLM can decrease the cognitive and behavioral deficits observed in triple transgenic AD mouse model (3xTg-AD). In the in vitro study, neurotoxicity induced by Aβ42 in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells was found to be reduced through the treatment with SLM. In the in vivo study, following one month SLM intraperitoneal injection (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg), 3xTg-AD mice were tested on Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze for their cognitive ability and sacrificed for biochemical estimations. Results show that SLM treatment improved the learning and memory ability in 3xTg-AD mice in MWM and Y-maze tasks. SLM also mitigated the amyloid burden by decreasing brain Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels and reduced tau phosphorylation, glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity, and neuro-inflammation. From our observations, SLM shows neuroprotection in SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ42 and also in 3xTg-AD mouse model by mitigating the pathological features and behavioral impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wu
- Drug Development Core, Faculty
of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jayasankar Kosaraju
- Drug Development Core, Faculty
of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Drug Development Core, Faculty
of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Drug Development Core, Faculty
of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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27
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Abstract
Amyloid imaging represents a significant advance as an adjunct in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) because it is the first imaging modality that identifies in vivo changes known to be associated with the pathogenesis. Initially, 11C-PIB was developed, which was the prototype for many 18F compounds, including florbetapir, florbetaben, and flutemetamol, among others. Despite the high sensitivity and specificity of amyloid imaging, it is not commonly used in clinical practice, mainly because it is not reimbursed under current Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services guidelines in the USA. To guide the field in who would be most appropriate for the utility of amyloid positron emission tomography, current studies are underway [Imaging Dementia Evidence for Amyloid Scanning (IDEAS) Study] that will inform the field on the utilization of amyloid positron emission tomography in clinical practice. With the advent of monoclonal antibodies that specifically target amyloid antibody, there is an interest, possibly a mandate, to screen potential treatment recipients to ensure that they are suitable for treatment. In this review, we summarize progress in the field to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Anand
- St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W. Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013 USA
| | - Marwan Sabbagh
- Alzhiemer’s and Memory Disorders Division, Barrow Neurological Institute, 240 W. Thomas Road, Ste 301, Phoenix, AZ 85013 USA
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28
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Gonzalez-Escamilla G, Lange C, Teipel S, Buchert R, Grothe MJ. PETPVE12: an SPM toolbox for Partial Volume Effects correction in brain PET - Application to amyloid imaging with AV45-PET. Neuroimage 2016; 147:669-677. [PMID: 28039094 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) allows detecting molecular brain changes in vivo. However, the accuracy of PET is limited by partial volume effects (PVE) that affects quantitative analysis and visual interpretation of the images. Although PVE-correction methods have been shown to effectively increase the correspondence of the measured signal with the true regional tracer uptake, these procedures are still not commonly applied, neither in clinical nor in research settings. Here, we present an implementation of well validated PVE-correction procedures as a SPM toolbox, PETPVE12, for automated processing. We demonstrate its utility by a comprehensive analysis of the effects of PVE-correction on amyloid-sensitive AV45-PET data from 85 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 179 cognitively normal (CN) elderly. Effects of PVE-correction on global cortical standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) and the power of diagnostic group separation were assessed for the region-wise geometric transfer matrix method (PVEc-GTM), as well as for the 3-compartmental voxel-wise "Müller-Gärtner" method (PVEc-MG). Both PVE-correction methods resulted in decreased global cortical SUVRs in the low to middle range of SUVR values, and in increased global cortical SUVRs at the high values. As a consequence, average SUVR of the CN group was reduced, whereas average SUVR of the AD group was increased by PVE-correction. These effects were also reflected in increased accuracies of group discrimination after PVEc-GTM (AUC=0.86) and PVEc-MG (AUC=0.89) compared to standard non-corrected SUVR (AUC=0.84). Voxel-wise analyses of PVEc-MG corrected data also demonstrated improved detection of regionally increased AV45 SUVR values in AD patients. These findings complement the growing evidence for a beneficial effect of PVE-correction in quantitative analysis of amyloid-sensitive PET data. The novel PETPVE12 toolbox significantly facilitates the application of PVE-correction, particularly within SPM-based processing pipelines. This is expected to foster the use of PVE-correction in brain PET for more widespread use. The toolbox is freely available at http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/ext/#PETPVE12.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catharina Lange
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) - Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ralph Buchert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michel J Grothe
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) - Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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29
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Kosaraju J, Holsinger RMD, Guo L, Tam KY. Linagliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, Mitigates Cognitive Deficits and Pathology in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6074-6084. [PMID: 27699599 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone shown to be active in the treatment of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and has also been shown as efficacious in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), an enzyme that is expressed in numerous cells, rapidly inactivates endogenous GLP-1. Therefore, DPP-4 inhibition is employed as a therapeutic avenue to increase GLP-1 levels in the management of T2D. The effectiveness of DPP-4 inhibitors in the treatment of AD has been reported in various animal models of AD. With this background, the present study was designed to examine the effectiveness of linagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nine-month-old 3xTg-AD mice were administered linagliptin orally (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. At the end of the linagliptin treatment, mice were evaluated for cognitive ability on the Morris Water Maze and Y-maze. Following cognitive evaluation, mice were sacrificed to determine the effect of the linagliptin on brain incretin levels, amyloid burden, tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. We confirm that linagliptin treatment for 8 weeks mitigates the cognitive deficits present in 3xTg-AD mice. Moreover, linagliptin also improves brain incretin levels and attenuates amyloid beta, tau phosphorylation as well as neuroinflammation. In conclusion, linagliptin possesses neuroprotective properties that may be attributed to the improvement of incretin levels in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasankar Kosaraju
- Drug Development Core, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - R M Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,The Discipline of Biomedical Science, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, 1875, Australia
| | - Lixia Guo
- Chongqing Key Lab of Natural Medicine Research, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Drug Development Core, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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30
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Huang H, Nie S, Cao M, Marshall C, Gao J, Xiao N, Hu G, Xiao M. Characterization of AD-like phenotype in aged APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:303-322. [PMID: 27439903 PMCID: PMC5061676 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-016-9929-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic APPSwe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice that overproduce amyloid beta (Aβ) are extensively used in the studies of pathogenesis and experimental therapeutics and new drug screening for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, most of the current literature uses young or adult APP/PS1 mice. In order to provide a broader view of AD-like phenotype of this animal model, in this study, we systematically analyzed behavioral and pathological profiles of 24-month-old male APP/PS1 mice. Aged APP/PS1 mice had reference memory deficits as well as anxiety, hyperactivity, and social interaction impairment. Consistently, there was obvious deposition of amyloid plaques in the dorsal hippocampus with decreased expression of insulin-degrading enzyme, a proteolytic enzyme responsible for degradation of intracellular Aβ. Furthermore, decreases in hippocampal volume, neuronal number and synaptophysin expression, and astrocyte atrophy were also observed in aged APP/PS1 mice. This finding suggests that aged APP/PS1 mice can well replicate cognitive and noncognitive behavioral abnormalities, hippocampal atrophy, and neuronal and astrocyte degeneration in AD patients, to enable more objective and refined preclinical evaluation of therapeutic drugs and strategies for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Sipei Nie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Min Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Charles Marshall
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky Center of Excellence in Rural Health, Hazard, KY, 41701, USA
| | - Junying Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Na Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
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31
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Quantitative multimodal multiparametric imaging in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Inform 2016; 3:29-37. [PMID: 27747597 PMCID: PMC4883163 DOI: 10.1007/s40708-015-0028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, causing changes in memory, thinking, and other dysfunction of brain functions. More and more people are suffering from the disease. Early neuroimaging techniques of AD are needed to develop. This review provides a preliminary summary of the various neuroimaging techniques that have been explored for in vivo imaging of AD. Recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) techniques, such as functional MR imaging (fMRI) and diffusion MRI, give opportunities to display not only anatomy and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe, but also at microstructural alterations or perfusion disturbance within the AD lesions. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has become the subject of intense research for the diagnosis and facilitation of drug development of AD in both animal models and human trials due to its non-invasive and translational characteristic. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and amyloid PET are applied in clinics and research departments. Amyloid beta (Aβ) imaging using PET has been recognized as one of the most important methods for the early diagnosis of AD, and numerous candidate compounds have been tested for Aβ imaging. Besides in vivo imaging method, a lot of ex vivo modalities are being used in the AD researches. Multiphoton laser scanning microscopy, neuroimaging of metals, and several metal bioimaging methods are also mentioned here. More and more multimodality and multiparametric neuroimaging techniques should improve our understanding of brain function and open new insights into the pathophysiology of AD. We expect exciting results will emerge from new neuroimaging applications that will provide scientific and medical benefits.
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