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Lu Y, Xiang F, Xu L, Tian H, Tao Q, Jia K, Yin H, Ye C, Fang R, Peng L. The protective role of chicken cathelicidin-1 against Streptococcus suis serotype 2 in vitro and in vivo. Vet Res 2023; 54:65. [PMID: 37605242 PMCID: PMC10463303 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen with the characteristics of high mortality and morbidity, which brings great challenges to prevent and control epidemic disease in the swine industry. Cathelicidins (CATH) are antimicrobial peptides with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects of chicken cathelicidin-1 (CATH-1) were investigated in vitro and in vivo against SS2 infection. The results show that CATH-1 exhibited a better bactericidal effect compared to other species' cathelicidins including chickens (CATH-2, -3, and -B1), mice (CRAMP) and pigs (PMAP-36 and PR-39), which rapidly killed bacteria in 20 min by a time-killing curve assay. Furthermore, CATH-1 destroyed the bacterial morphology and affected bacterial ultrastructure as observed under electron microscopy. Moreover, CATH-1 antibacterial activity in vivo shows that CATH-1 increased survival rate of SS2-infected mice by 60% and significantly reduced the bacterial load in the lungs, liver, spleen, blood, and peritoneal lavage as well as the release of SS2-induced inflammatory cytokines including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-18. Importantly, CATH-1 did not show severe histopathological changes in mice. Further studies on the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity show that CATH-1 not only reduced the inflammatory response through direct neutralization, but also by regulating the TLR2/4/NF-κB/ERK pathway. This study provides a scientific basis for the research and development of antimicrobial peptides as new antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Fa Xiang
- WestChina-Frontier PharmaTech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Yang N, Zhang Q, Mao R, Hao Y, Ma X, Teng D, Fan H, Wang J. Effect of NZ2114 against Streptococcus dysgalactiae biofilms and its application in murine mastitis model. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1010148. [PMID: 36187987 PMCID: PMC9521165 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae (S. dysgalactiae) is usually treated with antibiotics, which may potentially increase drug resistance as the abuse. NZ2114, a variant of fungal defensin plectasin, displayed a potent antibacterial activity against S. dysgalactiae. The inhibition/eradication effect of the antimicrobial peptide NZ2114 on the early/mature biofilm of S. dysgalactiae CVCC 3938 was evaluated, as well as the elimination of bacteria in mature biofilms. In this study, NZ2114 displayed potent antibacterial activity against S. dysgalactiae CVCC 3938 and three clinical isolated S. dysgalactiae strains (0.11-0.45 μM). The early biofilm inhibition of S. dysgalactiae CVCC 3938 was 55.5–85.9% after treatment with NZ2114 at concentrations of 1–16 × MIC, which was better than that of vancomycin at the same concentration. The mature biofilm eradication rate was up to 92.7–97.6% with the increasing concentration (2–16 × MIC) of NZ2114, and the eradication rate did not change significantly with further increase of NZ2114 concentration, while the biofilm eradication rate of vancomycin-treated group at the same concentration remained at 92.5%. NZ2114 reduced the number of persister bacteria in biofilm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) further demonstrated that NZ2114 could effectively reduce the biofilm thickness and bacterial number of S. dysgalactiae CVCC 3938. In vivo therapeutic effect of NZ2114 on murine mastitis model showed that NZ2114 was better than vancomycin in alleviating mammary gland inflammation by regulating cytokines production, inhibiting bacterial proliferation, and reducing the number of mammary gland bacteria. These data suggested that NZ2114 is a potential peptide candidate for the treatment of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjuan Zhang
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, Tianjin, China
- College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Da Teng
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Da Teng,
| | - Huan Fan
- Tianjin Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, Tianjin, China
- Huan Fan,
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Jianhua Wang, , ; orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-6055
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A study on fungal defensin against multidrug-resistant Clostridium perfringens and its treatment on infected poultry. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7265-7282. [PMID: 34491399 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity and mechanisms of plectasin-derived peptide NZ2114 in vitro and its therapeutic effects in vivo on broilers challenged with Clostridium perfringens. In vitro assay showed that NZ2114 had potent (minimal inhibitory concentration, 0.91 μM) and rapid antibacterial activity (99.9% reduction within 2 h), and the dual antibacterial mechanisms (including interfering with the cell membrane and intracellular DNA) against C. perfringens CVCC 2030. In vivo study, NZ2114 tended to increase linearly and quadratically the average daily gain as NZ2114 level increased and was the highest at 20 mg/L. NZ2114 at 10 ~ 40 mg/L dramatically reduced jejunal lesion score. Besides, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β tended to downregulate linearly and quadratically as the NZ2114 level increased and were all the lowest at the dose of 20 mg/L. NZ2114 significantly upregulated those levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, and sIgA with a linear and quadratic dose effect, with the highest IgA, IgG, IgM, and sIgA at 20 mg/L. Finally, NZ2114 tended to linearly and quadratically increase the numerical value of crypt depth, with the lowest value at 40 mg/L. Lincomycin only dramatically reduced the jejunal lesion score and increased the numerical value of crypt depth. These results indicate that NZ2114 has the potential as a new alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of C. perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis infection.Key points• NZ2114 could kill C. perfringens by dual antibacterial mechanisms• Broiler necrotic enteritis model induced by C. perfringens was established• NZ2114 treatment could ameliorate C. perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis.
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Liu H, Yang N, Teng D, Mao R, Hao Y, Ma X, Wang X, Wang J. Fatty acid modified-antimicrobial peptide analogues with potent antimicrobial activity and topical therapeutic efficacy against Staphylococcus hyicus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5845-5859. [PMID: 34319418 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to explore new antimicrobial agents due to the looming threat of bacteria resistance. Bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB), as a multifunctional peptide, has the potential to be a new active drug in the future. In this study, it aims to investigate the effect of fatty acid conjugation on antimicrobial peptide activity and topical therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model infected with Staphylococcus hyicus. Both Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 were conjugated with the unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid (18-C) at their N-terminus and modified by acylation at the C-terminus. The derived peptides of Lin-Lf4NH2 and Lin-Lf5NH2 showed better antibacterial activity (MICs of 3.27 to 6.64 μM) than their parent peptides (MICs of 1.83 to 59.57 μM). Lin-Lf4NH2 (63.2%, 5 min) and Lin-Lf5NH2 (35.8%, 5 min) could more rapidly penetrate bacterial membrane than Lf4NH2 (2.34%, 5 min) and Lf5NH2 (1.94%, 5 min), which further confirmed by the laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Electron microscopy observations showed Lin-Lf4NH2 and Lin-Lf5NH2 disrupted S. hyicus cell membranes and led to the leakage of contents. Furthermore, after treatment with Lin-Lf4NH2 and Lin-Lf5NH2, the abscess symptoms of mice were significantly alleviated; the recovery rate of abscesses scope of Lin-Lf4NH2 (73.25%) and Lin-Lf5NH2 (71.71%) were 38.8 and 37.9-fold higher than that of untreated group (1.89%), respectively, and superior to Lf4NH2 (46.87%) and Lf5NH2 (58.75%). They significantly reduced the bacterial load and the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and chemokine (MCP-1) in S. hyicus skin lesions. This study provides evidence that conjugation of a fatty acid to antimicrobial peptides can improve the activity and have potential for topical therapeutic of S. hyicus skin infections. KEY POINTS: • Lin-Lfcin4NH2/Lfcin5NH2 showed stronger antimicrobial activity than parent peptides. • Lin-Lfcin4NH2/Lfcin5NH2 had a more effective ability to destroy bacterial membranes. • Lin-Lfcin4NH2/Lfcin5NH2 showed a topically higher efficacy than parent peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Teng
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Hao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie St., Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Liu H, Yang N, Teng D, Mao R, Hao Y, Ma X, Wang J. Design and Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant Fungus Defensin NZL with Improved Activity against Staphylococcus hyicus In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115435. [PMID: 34063982 PMCID: PMC8196787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus hyicus is recognized as a leading pathogen of exudative epidermitis in modern swine industry. Antimicrobial peptides are attractive candidates for development as potential therapeutics to combat the serious threats of the resistance of S. hyicus. In this study, a series of derivatives were designed based on the NZ2114 template with the aim of obtaining peptides with more potent antimicrobial activity through changing net positive charge or hydrophobicity. Among them, a variant designated as NZL was highly expressed in Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) with total secreted protein of 1505 mg/L in a 5-L fermenter and exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity relative to parent peptide NZ2114. Additionally, NZL could kill over 99% of S. hyicus NCTC10350 in vitro within 8 h and in Hacat cells. The results of membrane permeabilization assay, morphological observations, peptide localization assay showed that NZL had potent activity against S. hyicus, which maybe kill S. hyicus through action on the cell wall. NZL also showed an effective therapy in a mouse peritonitis model caused by S. hyicus, superior to NZ2114 or ceftriaxone. Overall, these findings can contribute to explore a novel potential candidate against S. hyicus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.L.); (N.Y.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (X.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Na Yang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.L.); (N.Y.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (X.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Da Teng
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.L.); (N.Y.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (X.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.L.); (N.Y.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (X.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.L.); (N.Y.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (X.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.L.); (N.Y.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (X.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.L.); (N.Y.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.); (X.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-82106081 or +86-10-82106079; Fax: +86-10-82106079
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In vitro and In vivo Antibacterial Effects of Nisin Against Streptococcus suis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:598-610. [PMID: 33404866 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nisin is a promising therapeutic candidate because of its potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The present study aimed to describe the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effects of nisin against Streptococcus suis, an important zoonotic pathogen. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of nisin against different S. suis strains ranged from 0.12 to 4.0 μg/mL and from 0.25 to 8.0 μg/mL, respectively. Time-killing curve assays illustrated that nisin killed 100% of tested virulent S. suis strains within 4 h when used at 2× MIC, which indicates the rapid bactericidal activity of nisin against the bacteria. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy revealed that nisin destroyed S. suis cell membrane integrity and affected its cellular ultrastructure, including a significantly wrinkled surface, intracellular content leakage, and cell lysis. In addition, nisin inhibited biofilm formation by S. suis in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibited strong degrading activities against preformed biofilms. More importantly, nisin displayed antimicrobial activity against S. suis infection in vivo. Upon treatment with 5.0-10 mg/kg nisin solution, the survival rates of mice challenged with a lethal dose of virulent S. suis virulent ranged 87.5-100%. Nisin significantly decreased bacterial proliferation and translocation in the mouse spleen, brain, and blood. These results indicate that nisin has potential as a novel antimicrobial agent for the clinical treatment and prevention of infection caused by S. suis in animals.
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Pen G, Yang N, Teng D, Mao R, Hao Y, Wang J. A Review on the Use of Antimicrobial Peptides to Combat Porcine Viruses. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110801. [PMID: 33198242 PMCID: PMC7696308 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infectious diseases pose a serious threat to animal husbandry, especially in the pig industry. With the rapid, continuous variation of viruses, a series of therapeutic measures, including vaccines, have quickly lost their efficacy, leading to great losses for animal husbandry. Therefore, it is urgent to find new drugs with more stable and effective antiviral activity. Recently, it has been reported that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have great potential for development and application in animal husbandry because of their significant antibacterial and antiviral activity, and the antiviral ability of AMPs has become a research hotspot. This article aims to review the research situation of AMPs used to combat viruses in swine production of animal husbandry, clarify the mechanism of action of AMPs on viruses and raise some questions, and explore the future potential of AMPs in animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Pen
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (G.P.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Na Yang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (G.P.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (N.Y.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-10-82106081 (J.W.); Fax: +86-10-82106079 (J.W.)
| | - Da Teng
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (G.P.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (G.P.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (G.P.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (G.P.); (D.T.); (R.M.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (N.Y.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-10-82106081 (J.W.); Fax: +86-10-82106079 (J.W.)
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Meurer M, de Buhr N, Unger LM, Bonilla MC, Seele J, Nau R, Baums CG, Gutsmann T, Schwarz S, von Köckritz-Blickwede M. Comparing Cathelicidin Susceptibility of the Meningitis Pathogens Streptococcus suis and Escherichia coli in Culture Medium in Contrast to Porcine or Human Cerebrospinal Fluid. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:2911. [PMID: 31993024 PMCID: PMC6971174 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Host defense peptides or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), e.g., cathelicidins, have recently been discussed as a potential new treatment option against bacterial infections. To test the efficacy of AMPs, standardized methods that closely mimic the physiological conditions at the site of infection are still needed. The aim of our study was to test the meningitis-causing bacteria Streptococcus suis and Escherichia coli for their susceptibility to cathelicidins in culture medium versus cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Susceptibility testing was performed in analogy to the broth microdilution method described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents. MICs were determined using cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CA-MHB), lysogeny broth (LB), Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium (RPMI) or Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) (the latter two supplemented with 5% CA-MHB or blood) and compared with MICs obtained in porcine or human CSF. Our data showed that MICs obtained in CA-MHB as recommended by CLSI do not reflect the MICs obtained in the physiological body fluid CSF. However, the MICs of clinical isolates of S. suis tested in RPMI medium supplemented with CA-MHB, were similar to those of the same strains tested in CSF. In contrast, the MICs in the human CSF for the tested E. coli K1 strain were higher compared to the RPMI medium and showed even higher values than in CA-MHB. This highlights the need for susceptibility testing of AMPs in a medium that closely mimics the clinically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Meurer
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Nicole de Buhr
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Linn Meret Unger
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Marta C. Bonilla
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jana Seele
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roland Nau
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph G. Baums
- Institute of Bacteriology and Mycology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Gutsmann
- Research Group Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Center for Infection Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
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9
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A new high-yielding antimicrobial peptide NZX and its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus hyicus in vitro/vivo. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:1555-1568. [PMID: 31900561 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus hyicus, considered as a leading pathogen of exudative epidermitis, is a serious threat to humans and animals. The emergency of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, especially in human and animal health fields, leads to an urgent need of exploration of new antimicrobial agents. In this study, NZX, a plectasin-derived peptide, was firstly expressed in Pichia pastoris X-33 and was purified by cation exchange chromatography, followed by detection of its antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the total secreted protein concentration in fermentation supernatant was up to 2820 mg/L (29 °C) after 120-h induction in a 5-L fermentor. The yield of NZX reached up to 965 mg/L with a purity of 92.6%. The recombinant expressed NZX had a strong antimicrobial activity, high stability, and low toxicity. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of NZX and ceftriaxone (CRO) against Gram-positive bacteria were 0.46 to 0.91 μM and 6.04 to 12.09 μM, respectively. The time-killing curves showed that S. hyicus NCTC10350 was killed completely by 2× and 4 × MIC of NZX within 24 h. NZX also exhibited the intracellular activity against S. hyicus in Hacat cells. After treatment with NZX (10 mg/kg) and CRO (60 mg/kg), the survival rates of mice were 100% and 83.3%, respectively. NZX inhibited the bacterial translocation, downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α/IL-1β/IL-6), upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), and ameliorated multiple-organ injuries (the liver, spleen, lung, and kidney). This study provides evidence that the expressed NZX has the potential to become a powerful candidate as novel antimicrobial agents against S. hyicus infections.
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Malin JJ, de Leeuw E. Therapeutic compounds targeting Lipid II for antibacterial purposes. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:2613-2625. [PMID: 31692545 PMCID: PMC6711568 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s215070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance against commonly used antibiotics has emerged in all bacterial pathogens. In fact, there is no antibiotic currently in clinical use against which resistance has not been reported. In particular, rapidly increasing urbanization in developing nations are sites of major concern. Additionally, the widespread practice by physicians to prescribe antibiotics in cases of viral infections puts selective pressure on antibiotics that still remain effective and it will only be a matter of time before resistance develops on a large scale. The biosynthesis pathway of the bacterial cell wall is well studied and a validated target for the development of antibacterial agents. Cell wall biosynthesis involves two major processes; 1) the biosynthesis of cell wall teichoic acids and 2) the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan. Key molecules in these pathways, including enzymes and precursor molecules are attractive targets for the development of novel antibacterial agents. In this review, we will focus on the major class of natural antibacterial compounds that target the peptidoglycan precursor molecule Lipid II; namely the glycopeptides, including the novel generation of lipoglycopeptides. We will discuss their mechanism-of-action and clinical applications. Further, we will briefly discuss additional peptides that target Lipid II such as the lantibiotic nisin and defensins. We will highlight recent developments and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob J Malin
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Erik de Leeuw
- Institute of Human Virology and Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry of the University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Zhao F, Yang N, Wang X, Mao R, Hao Y, Li Z, Wang X, Teng D, Fan H, Wang J. In vitro/ vivo Mechanism of Action of MP1102 With Low/Nonresistance Against Streptococcus suis Type 2 Strain CVCC 3928. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:48. [PMID: 30863725 PMCID: PMC6399382 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcosis is recognized as a leading infectious disease in the swine industry. Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is regarded as the most virulent species, which threatens human and pig health and causes serious economic losses. In this study, multiple in vitro and in vivo effects of MP1102 on multidrug resistant S. suis was studied for the first time. MP1102 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. suis (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 0.028–0.228 μM), rapid bacteriocidal action, a longer postantibiotic effect than ceftriaxone, and a synergistic or additive effect with lincomycin, penicillin, and ceftriaxone (FICI = 0.29–0.96). No resistant mutants appeared after 30 serial passages of S. suis in the presence of MP1102. Flow cytometric analysis and electron microscopy observations showed that MP1102 destroyed S. suis cell membrane integrity and affected S. suis cell ultrastructure and membrane morphology. Specifically, a significantly wrinkled surface, intracellular content leakage, and cell lysis were noted, establishing a cyto-basis of nonresistance to this pathogen. DNA gel retardation and circular dichroism analysis indicated that MP1102 interacted with DNA by binding to DNA and changing the DNA conformation, even leading to the disappearance of the helical structure. This result further supported the mechanistic basis of nonresistance via interaction with an intracellular target, which could serve as a means of secondary injury after MP1102 is transported across the membrane. Upon treatment with 2.5–5.0 mg/kg MP1102, the survival of mice challenged with S. suis was 83.3–100%. MP1102 decreased bacterial translocation in liver, lung, spleen, and blood; inhibited the release of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α; and relieved the lung, liver, and spleen from acute injury induced by S. suis. These results suggest that MP1102 is a potent novel antibacterial agent for the treatment of porcine streptococcal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.,Tianjin Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Yang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Da Teng
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Fan
- Tianjin Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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12
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Shen X, Liu H, Li G, Deng X, Wang J. Silibinin attenuates Streptococcus suis serotype 2 virulence by targeting suilysin. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:435-442. [PMID: 30408277 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the antivirulence properties of silibinin against suilysin (SLY), a virulence factor of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of S. suis infection and its protective effect against SS2 infection in a mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS Susceptibility testing, haemolysis assay and Western blot assays were employed to evaluate the performance of silibinin on SLY pore-forming activity. Cytotoxicity assays and mouse infection tests were also performed to determine the efficacy of silibinin against SS2 infection. The results showed that silibinin, a flavonoid with little anti-S. suis activity, was identified to be a potent antagonist of SLY-mediated haemolysis through the inhibition of its oligomerization. Treatment with silibinin reduced S. suis-induced cytotoxicity in macrophages (J774 cells). In addition, S. suis-infected mice that received silibinin showed a lower bacterial burden. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that silibinin is a promising candidate for the development of antivirulence therapeutic agents to treat S. suis infections. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The antivirulent property of silibinin against SS2 by targeting SLY provides the possibility for the future pharmaceutical application of silibinin to prevent and treat S. suis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - H Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - G Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - J Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Fontenelle TPC, Lima GC, Mesquita JX, Lopes JLDS, de Brito TV, Vieira Júnior FDC, Sales AB, Aragão KS, Souza MHLP, Barbosa ALDR, Freitas ALP. Lectin obtained from the red seaweed Bryothamnion triquetrum: Secondary structure and anti-inflammatory activity in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:1122-1130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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