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Marin-Tinoco RI, Ortega-Ramírez AT, Esteban-Mendez M, Silva-Marrufo O, Barragan-Ledesma LE, Valenzuela-Núñez LM, Briceño-Contreras EA, Sariñana-Navarrete MA, Camacho-Luis A, Navarrete-Molina C. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Mexican Oregano Essential Oil, Extracted from Plants Occurring Naturally in Semiarid Areas and Cultivated in the Field and Greenhouse in Northern Mexico. Molecules 2023; 28:6547. [PMID: 37764323 PMCID: PMC10536881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the determination of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of essential oils in wild plants, such as Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens Kunth), has become increasingly important. The objective was to compare the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Mexican oregano essential oil obtained from plants occurring naturally in semiarid areas (Wild1 and Wild2), and those cultivated in the field (CField) and greenhouse (CGreenhouse) in northern Mexico. The Mexican oregano essential oil extraction was performed using the hydrodistillation method, the antioxidant activity was determined using the ABTS method, and the antibacterial activity was assessed through bioassays under the microwell method at nine different concentrations. The aim was to determine the diameter of the inhibition zone and, consequently, understand the sensitivity level for four bacterial species. The results revealed an antioxidant activity ranging from 90% to 94% at the sampling sites, with Wild1 standing out for having the highest average antioxidant activity values. Likewise, six out of the nine concentrations analyzed showed some degree of sensitivity for all the sampling sites. In this regard, the 25 µL mL-1 concentration showed the highest diameter of inhibition zone values, highlighting the Wild2 site, which showed an average diameter greater than 30 mm for the four bacteria tested. Only in the case of S. typhi did the CGreenhouse site surpass the Wild2, with an average diameter of the inhibition zone of 36.7 mm. These findings contribute to the search for new antioxidant and antibacterial options, addressing the challenges that humanity faces in the quest for opportunities to increase life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben I. Marin-Tinoco
- Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Calle Constitucion 404, Zona Centro, Durango 34100, Durango, Mexico
| | - Angie Tatiana Ortega-Ramírez
- Management, Environment and Sustainability Research Group, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Universidad de America, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
| | - Maricela Esteban-Mendez
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Integral Regional Development Unit Durango, National Polytechnic Institute, Sigma 119, Fraccionamiento 20 de Noviembre II, Durango 34220, Durango, Mexico
| | - Oscar Silva-Marrufo
- Department of Engineering, National Technological of Mexico, Technological Institute of the Guadiana Valley, Carretera Durango-México, Km. 22.5, Ejido Villa Montemorelos, Durango 34371, Durango, Mexico
| | - Laura E. Barragan-Ledesma
- Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Calle Constitucion 404, Zona Centro, Durango 34100, Durango, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Valenzuela-Núñez
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Gomez Palacio 35010, Durango, Mexico
| | - Edwin A. Briceño-Contreras
- Department of Chemical Area Environmental Technology, Technological University of Rodeo, Carretera Panamericana, Km. 159.4, Col. ETA, Rodeo 37560, Durango, Mexico
| | - Maria A. Sariñana-Navarrete
- Department of Chemical Area Environmental Technology, Technological University of Rodeo, Carretera Panamericana, Km. 159.4, Col. ETA, Rodeo 37560, Durango, Mexico
| | - Abelardo Camacho-Luis
- Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Calle Constitucion 404, Zona Centro, Durango 34100, Durango, Mexico
| | - Cayetano Navarrete-Molina
- Department of Chemical Area Environmental Technology, Technological University of Rodeo, Carretera Panamericana, Km. 159.4, Col. ETA, Rodeo 37560, Durango, Mexico
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Oppedisano F, De Fazio R, Gugliandolo E, Crupi R, Palma E, Abbas Raza SH, Tilocca B, Merola C, Piras C, Britti D. Mediterranean Plants with Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a Meta-Analysis for Green Veterinary Pharmacology Applications. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2264. [PMID: 37764109 PMCID: PMC10534841 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global health crisis, necessitating the search for innovative strategies to combat infectious diseases. The unique biodiversity of Italian flora offers a treasure trove of plant species and their associated phytochemicals, which hold immense potential as a solution to address AMR. By investigating the antimicrobial properties of Italian flora and their phytochemical constituents, this study aims to shed light on the potential of phyto-complexes as a valuable resource for developing novel or supportive antimicrobial agents useful for animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Oppedisano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (E.P.)
| | - Rosario De Fazio
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (E.P.)
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Carmine Merola
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
- CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
- CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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3
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D'Aquila P, Sena G, Crudo M, Passarino G, Bellizzi D. Effect of Essential Oils of Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Rutaceae Family Plants on Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Quorum Sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1150. [PMID: 37317124 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological role played by essential oils extracted from aromatic plants is progressively being recognized. This study evaluated the potential antibacterial activity of ten essential oils against Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis by measuring their minimum inhibitory concentration. We found that essential oils exert different antimicrobial effects, with Origanum vulgare and Foeniculum vulgare demonstrating the most significant inhibitory effect on bacterial growth for C. violaceum and E. faecalis. The growth of P. aeruginosa was not affected by any essential oil concentration we used. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of essential oils reduced in C. violaceum and E. faecalis biofilm formation, violacein amount, and gelatinase activity, all of which are biomarkers of the Quorum Sensing process. These concentrations significantly affect the global methylation profiles of cytosines and adenines, thus leading to the hypothesis that the oils also exert their effects through epigenetic changes. Considering the results obtained, it is possible that essential oils can find a broad spectrum of applications in counteracting microbial contamination and preserving sterility of surfaces and foods, as well as inhibiting microbial growth of pathogens, alone or in combination with traditional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia D'Aquila
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giada Sena
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Michele Crudo
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Dina Bellizzi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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Effect of Agrimonia eupatoria L. and Origanum vulgare L. Leaf, Flower, Stem, and Root Extracts on the Survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031019. [PMID: 36770686 PMCID: PMC9921178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most antibiotic multi-resistant bacteria, causing chronic pulmonary disease and leading to respiratory failure and even mortality. Thus, there has been an ever-increasing search for novel and preferably natural antimicrobial compounds. Agrimonia eupatoria L. and Origanum vulgare L. shoots are commonly used as teas or alcoholic tinctures for their human health-promoting and antibacterial properties. Here, we explored the antimicrobial effects of all plant parts, i.e., leaf, flower, stem, and root extracts, prepared in water or in 60% ethanol, against P. aeruginosa. The impact of these extracts on bacterial survival was determined using a luminescent strain of P. aeruginosa, which emits light when alive. In addition, the antimicrobial effects were compared with the antioxidant properties and content of phenolic compounds of plant extracts. Ethanolic extracts of O. vulgare roots and flowers showed the highest antimicrobial activity, followed by A. eupatoria roots. In particular, chlorogenic acid, the ethanolic extract of O. vulgare roots contained high levels of protocatechuic acid, hesperidin, shikimic acid, rutin, quercetin, and morin. The synergistic effects of these phenolic compounds and flavonoids may play a key role in the antibacterial activity of teas and tinctures.
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Bora L, Burkard T, Juan MHS, Radeke HH, Muț AM, Vlaia LL, Magyari-Pavel IZ, Diaconeasa Z, Socaci S, Borcan F, Kis B, Muntean D, Dehelean CA, Danciu C. Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Origanum vulgare L. Essential Oil Formulated as Polymeric Micelles Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2413. [PMID: 36365231 PMCID: PMC9693391 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents phytochemical characterization and biological evaluation of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OEO) formulated as polymeric micelles drug delivery systems as a possible non-invasive approach for the management of skin tags. GC-MS analysis of Romanian OEO revealed the identification and quantification of 43 volatile compounds (thymol and carvacrol being the main ones). The antioxidant activity was shown by four consecrated methods: CUPRAC, ABTS, ORAC and DPPH. OEO was incorporated by micellar solubilization into a binary hydrogel based on a Pluronic F 127/L 31 block-copolymers mixture. The pH, consistency, spreadability, particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the OEO-loaded poloxamer-based binary hydrogel (OEO-PbH) were investigated. OEO-PbH was skin compatible in terms of pH and exhibited adequate spreadability and consistency. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the tested OEO were similar to those obtained for the formulation, lower (2.5 µg/mL) for yeast and higher (40-80 µg/mL) for Gram-negative bacilli. As keratinocytes are among main components of skin tags, an in vitro evaluation was conducted in order to see the effect of the formulation against HaCaT human keratinocytes. OEO-PbH decreased HaCaT cells migration and proliferation and elicited a cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effect in a dose- and time-dependent manner. No harmful effect on the viability of dendritic cells (DCs) was detected following the incubation with different concentrations (0-200 µg/mL) of the 5% formulation. Treatment in inflammatory DCs (+LPS) indicated a decrease in cytokine production of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-23 but no significant effect on IL-10 in any of the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Bora
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tobias Burkard
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martina Herrero San Juan
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heinfried H. Radeke
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ana Maria Muț
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Lia Vlaia
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Zinuca Magyari-Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zorița Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Socaci
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Borcan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Brigitta Kis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer-OncoGen, Clinical County Hospital of Timisoara, Liviu Rebreanu Blvd. 156, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Muntean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Comparative Study of Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Antiswarming and Antiquorum Sensing Activities of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Terpinene-4-ol against Pathogenic Bacteria. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101616. [PMID: 36295051 PMCID: PMC9605346 DOI: 10.3390/life12101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils from aromatic and medicinal plants have many bioactive compounds known for their important biological activities mainly their antibacterial effects. Here we evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively the biofilm formation capability of pathogenic bacterial strains (n = 8). Then, we investigated the antibacterial, antibiofilm, antiquorum-sensing, and antiswarming efficacy of Origanum vulgare essential oil (EO) and terpinene-4-ol. Our results revealed that EO exhibited a more potent inhibitory effect against the tested strains. While the terpinene-4-ol was found to be more effective against developed Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Regarding the anti quorum-sensing activity, we noticed that O. vulgare displayed better inhibition percentages in violacein production even at a low concentration (MIC/4). Additionally, this EO showed better inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 migration in comparison with the terpinene-4-ol. Our findings revealed that using pure O. vulgare EO demonstrated better competitive effects against pathogenic bacteria with a different mode of action when compared to the terpinene-4-ol. Hence, exploration and development of efficient anti-infection agents from natural resources such as full EOs represent promising tools in anti-infective therapy.
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Almadiy AA, Nenaah GE. Essential oil of Origanum vulgare, its nanoemulsion and bioactive monoterpenes as eco-friendly novel green pesticides for controlling Aedes aegypti, the common vector of Dengue virus. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2091673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrhman A. Almadiy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gomah E. Nenaah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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Synergistic Action of Mild Heat and Essential Oil Treatments on Culturability and Viability of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Tested In Vitro and in Fruit Juice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111615. [PMID: 35681366 PMCID: PMC9180004 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The strengthening effect of a mild temperature treatment on the antimicrobial efficacy of essential oils has been widely reported, often leading to an underestimation or a misinterpretation of the product’s microbial status. In the present study, both a traditional culture-based method and Flow Cytometry (FCM) were applied to monitor the individual or combined effect of Origanum vulgare essential oil (OEO) and mild heat treatment on the culturability and viability of Escherichia coli in a conventional culture medium and in a fruit juice challenge test. The results obtained in the culture medium showed bacterial inactivation with an increasing treatment temperature (55 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C), highlighting an overestimation of the dead population using the culture-based method; in fact, when the FCM method was applied, the prevalence of injured bacterial cells in a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state was observed. When commercial fruit juice with a pH of 3.8 and buffered at pH 7.0 was inoculated with E. coli ATCC 25922, a bactericidal action of OEO and a higher efficiency of the mild heat at 65 °C for 5′ combined with OEO were found. Overall, the combination of mild heat and OEO treatment represents a promising antimicrobial alternative to improve the safety of fruit juice.
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Xu Z, Wu J, Dai S, Jiang Y, Zhang L. Antimicrobial activity of combined essential oils of
Origanum vulgare
L. and
Houttuynia cordata
T. against
Salmonella
Enteritidis and
Salmonella
Paratyphi β. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Xu
- College of Science Xihua University Chengdu 610039 China
| | - Jinyong Wu
- College of Science Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an 625014 China
| | - Shuang Dai
- College of Science Xihua University Chengdu 610039 China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- College of Science Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an 625014 China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Science Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an 625014 China
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Antifungal Activity and Chemical Composition of Seven Essential Oils to Control the Main Seedborne Fungi of Cucurbits. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020104. [PMID: 33499094 PMCID: PMC7912402 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils represent novel alternatives to application of synthetic fungicides to control against seedborne pathogens. This study investigated seven essential oils for in vitro growth inhibition of the main seedborne pathogens of cucurbits. Cymbopogon citratus essential oil completely inhibited mycelial growth of Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum and Alternaria alternata at 0.6 and 0.9 mg/mL, respectively. At 1 mg/mL, Lavandula dentata, Lavandula hybrida, Melaleuca alternifolia, Laurus nobilis, and two Origanum majorana essential oils inhibited mycelia growth of A. alternata by 54%, 71%, 68%, 36%, 90%, and 74%, respectively. S. cucurbitacearum mycelia growth was more sensitive to Lavandula essential oils, with inhibition of ~74% at 1 mg/mL. To determine the main compounds in these essential oils that might be responsible for this antifungal activity, they were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). C. citratus essential oil showed cirtal as its main constituent, while L. dentata and L. nobilis essential oils showed eucalyptol. The M. alternifolia and two O. majorana essential oils had terpinen-4-ol as the major constituent, while for L. hybrida essential oil, this was linalool. Thus, in vitro, these essential oils can inhibit the main seedborne fungi of cucurbits, with future in vivo studies now needed to confirm these activities.
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Binish Z, Bibi Y, Zahara K, Nisa S, Manaf A, Qayyum A, Sher A. Protective Effect of Kickxia ramosissima (Wall.) Janchn Extracts Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains and Free Radicals. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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A Recent Insight Regarding the Phytochemistry and Bioactivity of Origanum vulgare L. Essential Oil. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249653. [PMID: 33348921 PMCID: PMC7765853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Origanum vulgare L. is a widely used aromatic plant, especially due to its content in essential oil, mainly rich in carvacrol and thymol. The ethnopharmacological uses of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OEO) comprise digestive, respiratory, or dermatological disorders. The review focuses on the increasing number of recent studies investigating several biological activities of OEO. The bioactivities are in tight relation to the phytochemical profile of the essential oil, and also depend on taxonomic, climatic, and geographical characteristics of the plant material. The antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, skin disorders beneficial effects, next to antihyperglycemic and anti-Alzheimer activities were reported and confirmed in multiple studies. Moreover, recent studies indicate a positive impact on skin disorders of OEO formulated as nanocarrier systems in order to improve its bioavailability and, thus, enhancing its therapeutic benefits. The review brings an up to date regarding the phytochemistry and bioactivity of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil, underlining also the most successful pharmaceutical formulation used for skin disorders.
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Flores-Villa E, Sáenz-Galindo A, Castañeda-Facio AO, Narro-Céspedes RI. Romero (Rosmarinus officinalis L.): su origen, importancia y generalidades de sus metabolitos secundarios. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2020. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2020.0.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
El presente trabajo, es una revisión que muestra el impacto que tiene el uso de las plantas medicinales en la salud humana. Desde la antigüedad, por tradición, se extendió el uso mayoritario de algunas familias vegetales como la Lamiaceae que destaca por sus propiedades aromáticas y aplicación culinaria en numerosas culturas, así como en el tratamiento y prevención de una gran variedad de enfermedades y malestares. Dentro de las especies pertenecientes a esta familia se encuentra el romero (Rosmarinus officinalis), planta que ha ganado importancia en el campo de la investigación por sus diversos atributos biológicos como: antiinflamatorio, antimicrobiano, antioxidante y anticancerígeno, entre otros; resultados que debe a sus metabolitos secundarios como: el ácido carnósico, el carnosol, el ácido rosmárico y el alcanfor, entre otros más, aunado a un potencial efecto cuando es aplicado. También se mencionan algunas metodologías que buscan la extracción de los componentes biológicamente activos del romero.
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Carvacrol: An In Silico Approach of a Candidate Drug on HER2, PI3K α, mTOR, hER- α, PR, and EGFR Receptors in the Breast Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8830665. [PMID: 33163084 PMCID: PMC7607278 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8830665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carvacrol is a phenol monoterpene found in aromatic plants specially in Lamiaceae family, which has been evaluated in an experimental model of breast cancer. However, any proposed mechanism based on its antitumor effect has not been reported. In our previous study, carvacrol showed a protective effect on 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene- (DMBA-) induced breast cancer in female rats. The main objective in this research was to evaluate by using in silico study the carvacrol on HER2, PI3Kα, mTOR, hER-α, PR, and EGFR receptors involved in breast cancer progression by docking analysis, molecular dynamic, and drug-likeness evaluation. A multilevel computational study to evaluate the antitumor potential of carvacrol focusing on the main targets involved in the breast cancer was carried out. The in silico study starts with protein-ligand docking of carvacrol followed by ligand pathway calculations, molecular dynamic simulations, and molecular mechanics energies combined with the Poisson-Boltzmann (MM/PBSA) calculation of the free energy of binding for carvacrol. As result, the in silico study led to the identification of carvacrol with strong binding affinity on mTOR receptor. Additionally, in silico drug-likeness index for carvacrol showed a good predicted therapeutic profile of druggability. Our findings suggest that mTOR signaling pathway could be responsible for its preventive effect in the breast cancer.
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Laothaweerungsawat N, Neimkhum W, Anuchapreeda S, Sirithunyalug J, Chaiyana W. Transdermal delivery enhancement of carvacrol from Origanum vulgare L. essential oil by microemulsion. Int J Pharm 2020; 579:119052. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Akkaoui S, Johansson A, Yagoubi M, Haubek D, El hamidi A, Rida S, Claesson R, Ennibi O. Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial activity, in Vitro Cytotoxicity and Leukotoxin Neutralization of Essential Oil from Origanum vulgare against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9030192. [PMID: 32151045 PMCID: PMC7157215 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9030192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the essential oil of Origanum vulgare was evaluated for putative antibacterial activity against six clinical strains and five reference strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, in comparison with some antimicrobials. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed, using chromatography (CG) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled (CG-MS). The major compounds in the oil were Carvacrol (32.36%), α-terpineol (16.70%), p-cymene (16.24%), and Thymol (12.05%). The antimicrobial activity was determined by an agar well diffusion test. A broth microdilution method was used to study the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was also determined. The cytotoxicity of the essential oil (IC50) was <125 µg/mL for THP-1 cells, which was high in comparison with different MIC values for the A. actinomycetemcomitans strains. O. vulgare essential oil did not interfere with the neutralizing capacity of Psidium guajava against the A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin. In addition, it was shown that the O. vulgare EO had an antibacterial effect against A. actinomycetemcomitans on a similar level as some tested antimicrobials. In view of these findings, we suggest that O.vulgare EO may be used as an adjuvant for prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases associated to A. actinomycetemcomitans. In addition, it can be used together with the previously tested leukotoxin neutralizing Psidium guajava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Akkaoui
- Research laboratory in oral biology and biotechnology, Faculty of dental medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10 000, Morocco;
| | - Anders Johansson
- Division of Molecular Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Maâmar Yagoubi
- Microbiology Laboratory, faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10 000, Morocco;
| | - Dorte Haubek
- Section for Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, AarhusUniversity, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Adnane El hamidi
- Materials, Nanotechnologies and Environment laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10 000, Morocco;
| | - Sana Rida
- Department of endodontics, Research laboratory in oral biology and biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10 000, Morocco;
| | - Rolf Claesson
- Division of Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - OumKeltoum Ennibi
- Department of Periodontology, Research laboratory in oral biology and biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10 000, Morocco
- Correspondence:
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Gruľová D, Caputo L, Elshafie HS, Baranová B, De Martino L, Sedlák V, Gogaľová Z, Poráčová J, Camele I, De Feo V. Thymol Chemotype Origanum vulgare L. Essential Oil as a Potential Selective Bio-Based Herbicide on Monocot Plant Species. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030595. [PMID: 32013272 PMCID: PMC7037002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Searching for new bio-based herbicides is crucial for decreasing chemical pollution, protecting the environment, and sustaining biodiversity. Origanum vulgare is considered a promising source of essential oil with herbicidal effect. The mode of action is not known. The present study focused on (1) comparison of phytotoxic activity of Origanum vulgare EO on monocot (Triticum aestivum and Hordeum vulgare) and dicot species (Lepidium sativum and Sinapis alba); (2) and evaluating other antimicrobial biological activities against phytopatogen bacteria (Clavibacter michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, Pseudomonas savastanoi, and Xanthomonas campestris); antifungal activity against Monilinia fructicola, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium expansum, and Botrytis cinerea; cytotoxic activity and antioxidant activity. According to the GC/MS analyses, the EO belongs to the thymol chemotype O. vulgare with its high content of thymol (76%). Germination of all four species was not influenced by EO. The phytotoxic effect was statistically significant in the monocot species, while in the dicot species the opposite was observed-a stimulation effect, which was also statistically significant. Strong biological activity of O. vulgare EO was noted on all phytopatogen bacteria and fungi in the highest dose. Cytotoxic activity showed an IC50 = 50.5 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity showed an IC50 = 106.6 μg/mL after 45 min experimental time. Based on the presented results, it is possible to conclude that thymol chemotype O. vulgare essential oil could be potentially used as a herbicide with selective effects on monocot plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gruľová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-948-030-412
| | - Lucia Caputo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy; (L.C.); (L.D.M.); (V.D.F.)
| | - Hazem S. Elshafie
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (H.S.E.); (I.C.)
| | - Beáta Baranová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia;
| | - Laura De Martino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy; (L.C.); (L.D.M.); (V.D.F.)
| | - Vincent Sedlák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia; (V.S.); (Z.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Zuzana Gogaľová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia; (V.S.); (Z.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Janka Poráčová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia; (V.S.); (Z.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Ippolito Camele
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (H.S.E.); (I.C.)
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy; (L.C.); (L.D.M.); (V.D.F.)
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18
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In vitro activity of essential oils against adult and immature stages of Ctenocephalides felis felis. Parasitology 2020; 147:340-347. [PMID: 31840630 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182019001641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are considered a new class of ecological products aimed at the control of insects for industrial and domestic use; however, there still is a lack of studies involving the control of fleas. Ctenocephalides felis felis, the most observed parasite in dogs and cats, is associated with several diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity, the establishment of LC50 and toxicity of EOs from Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B. L. Burtt & R. M. Sm, Cinnamomum spp., Laurus nobilis L., Mentha spicata L., Ocimum gratissimum L. and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle against immature stages and adults of C. felis felis. Bioassay results suggest that the method of evaluation was able to perform a pre-screening of the activity of several EOs, including the discriminatory evaluation of flea stages by their LC50. Ocimum gratissimum EO was the most effective in the in vitro assays against all flea stages, presenting adulticide (LC50 = 5.85 μg cm-2), ovicidal (LC50 = 1.79 μg cm-2) and larvicidal (LC50 = 1.21 μg cm-2) mortality at low doses. It also presented an excellent profile in a toxicological eukaryotic model. These findings may support studies involving the development of non-toxic products for the control of fleas in dogs and cats.
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Redondo-Blanco S, Fernández J, López-Ibáñez S, Miguélez EM, Villar CJ, Lombó F. Plant Phytochemicals in Food Preservation: Antifungal Bioactivity: A Review. J Food Prot 2020; 83:163-171. [PMID: 31860394 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic food additives generate a negative perception in consumers. This fact generates an important pressure on food manufacturers, searching for safer natural alternatives. Phytochemicals (such as polyphenols and thiols) and plant essential oils (terpenoids) possess antimicrobial activities that are able to prevent food spoilage due to fungi (e.g., Aspergillus, Penicillium) and intoxications (due to mycotoxins), both of which are important economic and health problems worldwide. This review summarizes industrially interesting antifungal bioactivities from the three main types of plant nutraceuticals: terpenoids (as thymol), polyphenols (as resveratrol) and thiols (as allicin) as well as some of the mechanisms of action. These phytochemicals are widely distributed in fruits and vegetables and are very useful in food preservation as they inhibit growth of important spoilage and pathogenic fungi, affecting especially mycelial growth and germination. Terpenoids and essential oils are the most abundant group of secondary metabolites found in plant extracts, especially in common aromatic plants, but polyphenols are a more remarkable group of bioactive compounds as they show a broad array of bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Redondo-Blanco
- Research Group Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds (BIONUC), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Research Group Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds (BIONUC), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sara López-Ibáñez
- Research Group Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds (BIONUC), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Elisa M Miguélez
- Research Group Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds (BIONUC), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Claudio J Villar
- Research Group Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds (BIONUC), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Research Group Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds (BIONUC), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Khan M, Khan ST, Khan M, Mousa AA, Mahmood A, Alkhathlan HZ. Chemical diversity in leaf and stem essential oils of Origanum vulgare L. and their effects on microbicidal activities. AMB Express 2019; 9:176. [PMID: 31673872 PMCID: PMC6823331 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) from the stems and leaves of Origanum vulgare L. grown in Saudi Arabia and Jordan were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC-flame ionization detector (FID) techniques on two different columns (polar and nonpolar). A detailed phytochemical analysis led to the identification of 153 constituents of these essential oils. Both Saudi and Jordanian plants are classified by chemotypes rich in cymyl-compounds. However, the Saudi Origanum contains carvacrol as the major component and is, thus, characterized as a carvacrol chemotype, while the Jordanian Origanum contains thymol as the major component, and, thus, it is classified as a thymol chemotype. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of the studied EOs and their major components, including carvacrol and thymol, were evaluated against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. All the tested compounds exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria. Among them, thymol demonstrated superior activity against all the tested organisms, followed by carvacrol. Moreover, results on oil composition and oil yield of O. vulgare L. from different parts of the world is compared in detail with the present outcomes.
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