1
|
Osawa R, Fukuda I, Shirai Y. Evaluating functionalities of food components by a model simulating human intestinal microbiota constructed at Kobe University. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103103. [PMID: 38447326 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In this era of pandemics, reducing the risk of lifestyle-related diseases (LRD) by functional foods is of paramount importance. The conventional process of functional food development almost invariably involves in vitro, animal, and human intervention trials, but differences in intestinal environments between humans and experimental animals make it difficult to develop functional foods that are truly effective in humans. Thus, it is necessary to construct a model that simulates the human intestinal environment to evaluate the functionality of any food component before subjecting it to a human intervention trial. In this review, we provide an overview of a model simulating human intestinal microbiota constructed at Kobe University and its use as a tool to identify food components that contribute to the prevention and treatment of LRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ro Osawa
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Itsuko Fukuda
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chudan S, Kurakawa T, Nishikawa M, Nagai Y, Tabuchi Y, Ikushiro S, Furusawa Y. Beneficial Effects of Dietary Fiber in Young Barley Leaf on Gut Microbiota and Immunity in Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:1897. [PMID: 38675716 PMCID: PMC11054971 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of young barley leaves, rich in dietary fiber, have been studied for several decades; however, their beneficial effects on the intestinal microenvironment remain to be elucidated. To investigate the effects of young barley leaf-derived dietary fiber (YB) on the gut microbiota and immunity, mice were fed an AIN-93G diet containing cellulose or YB and subjected to subsequent analysis. The population of MHC-II-positive conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and CD86 expression in the cDCs of Peyer's patches were elevated in the YB-fed mice. MHC-II and CD86 expression was also elevated in the bone marrow-derived DCs treated with YB. 16S-based metagenomic analysis revealed that the gut microbiota composition was markedly altered by YB feeding. Among the gut microbiota, Lachnospiraceae, mainly comprising butyrate-producing NK4A136 spp., were overrepresented in the YB-fed mice. In fact, fecal butyrate concentration was also augmented in the YB-fed mice, which coincided with increased retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) activity in the CD103+ cDCs of the mesenteric lymph nodes. Consistent with elevated RALDH activity, the population of colonic IgA+ plasma cells was higher in the YB-fed mice than in the parental control mice. In conclusion, YB has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota and intestinal immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seita Chudan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama 939-0398, Japan (S.I.)
| | - Takuto Kurakawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama 939-0398, Japan (S.I.)
| | - Miyu Nishikawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama 939-0398, Japan (S.I.)
| | - Yoshinori Nagai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ikushiro
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama 939-0398, Japan (S.I.)
| | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Xie Z, Zhou J, Li Y, Ning C, Su Q, Ye L, Ai S, Lai J, Pan P, Liu N, Liao Y, Su Q, Li Z, Liang H, Cui P, Huang J. The altered metabolites contributed by dysbiosis of gut microbiota are associated with microbial translocation and immune activation during HIV infection. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1020822. [PMID: 36685491 PMCID: PMC9845923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune activation caused by microbial translocation has been considered to be a major driver of HIV infection progression. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been demonstrated in HIV infection, but the interplay between gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of HIV is seldom reported. Methods We conducted a case-controlled study including 41 AIDS patients, 39 pre-AIDS patients and 34 healthy controls. Both AIDS group and pre-AIDS group were divided according to clinical manifestations and CD4 + T cell count. We collected stool samples for 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis, and examined immune activation and microbial translocation for blood samples. Results The pre-AIDS and AIDS groups had higher levels of microbial translocation and immune activation. There were significant differences in gut microbiota and metabolites at different stages of HIV infection. Higher abundances of pathogenic bacteria or opportunistic pathogen, as well as lower abundances of butyrate-producing bacteria and bacteria with anti-inflammatory potential were associated with HIV severity. The metabolism of tryptophan was disordered after HIV infection. Lower level of anti-inflammatory metabolites and phosphonoacetate, and higher level of phenylethylamine and polyamines were observed in HIV infection. And microbial metabolic pathways related to altered metabolites differed. Moreover, disrupted metabolites contributed by altered microbiota were found to be correlated to microbial translocation and immune activation. Conclusions Metabolites caused by dysbiosis of gut microbiota and related metabolic function are correlated to immune activation and microbial translocation, suggesting that the effect of microbiota on metabolites is related to intestinal barrier disruption in HIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Zhiman Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Chuanyi Ning
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
| | - Qisi Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Sufang Ai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Jingzhen Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Peijiang Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ningmei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Yanyan Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qijian Su
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Zhuoxin Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiegang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment and Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lemieszek MK, Komaniecka I, Chojnacki M, Choma A, Rzeski W. Immunomodulatory Properties of Polysaccharide-Rich Young Green Barley ( Hordeum vulgare) Extract and Its Structural Characterization. Molecules 2022; 27:1742. [PMID: 35268844 PMCID: PMC8911554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Young green barley (YGB) water extract has revealed a beneficial impact on natural killer (NK) cells' ability to recognize and eliminate human colon cancer cells, without any side effects for normal colon epithelial cells. The direct anticancer effect of the tested compounds has been also shown. The mixture of oligosaccharides found in this extract was characterized by chemical analyses and via FT-IR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF MS techniques. The YGB preparation contained 26.9% of proteins and 64.2% of sugars, mostly glucose (54.7%) and fructose (42.7%), with a small amount of mannose (2.6%) and galactose (less than 0.5%). Mass spectrometry analysis of YGB has shown that fructose oligomers contained from 3 to 19 sugar units. The number of fructans was estimated to be about 10.2% of the dry weight basis of YGB. The presented results suggest the beneficial effect of the consumption of preparations based on young barley on the human body, in the field of colon cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kinga Lemieszek
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.C.); (W.R.)
| | - Iwona Komaniecka
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (I.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Michał Chojnacki
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.C.); (W.R.)
| | - Adam Choma
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (I.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Wojciech Rzeski
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.C.); (W.R.)
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nishiyama K, Yokoi T, Sugiyama M, Osawa R, Mukai T, Okada N. Roles of the Cell Surface Architecture of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium in the Gut Colonization. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:754819. [PMID: 34721360 PMCID: PMC8551831 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.754819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are numerous bacteria reside within the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Among the intestinal bacteria, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Ruminococcus closely interact with the intestinal mucus layer and are, therefore, known as mucosal bacteria. Mucosal bacteria use host or dietary glycans for colonization via adhesion, allowing access to the carbon source that the host’s nutrients provide. Cell wall or membrane proteins, polysaccharides, and extracellular vesicles facilitate these mucosal bacteria-host interactions. Recent studies revealed that the physiological properties of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium significantly change in the presence of co-existing symbiotic bacteria or markedly differ with the spatial distribution in the mucosal niche. These recently discovered strategic colonization processes are important for understanding the survival of bacteria in the gut. In this review, first, we introduce the experimental models used to study host-bacteria interactions, and then, we highlight the latest discoveries on the colonization properties of mucosal bacteria, focusing on the roles of the cell surface architecture regarding Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Nishiyama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsunari Yokoi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Japan
| | - Ro Osawa
- Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takao Mukai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okada
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kato E, Tsuruma A, Amishima A, Satoh H. Proteinous pancreatic lipase inhibitor is responsible for the antiobesity effect of young barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaf extract. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1885-1889. [PMID: 34048530 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Young barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.) have various health effects and are employed as an ingredient in the production of health-promoting foods. Promoting antiobesity is one such health effect; however, the mechanism and bioactive compounds are unclear. In this research, young barley leaf extract (YB) was demonstrated to possess pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. The addition of YB to a high-fat diet in mice increased fecal lipid content, indicating reduced absorption of lipids as the mechanism underlying antiobesity effect. The investigation of bioactive compounds in YB resulted in the identification of fructose-bisphosphate aldolase as a proteinous lipase inhibitor. Maximum inhibition of the protein was 45%, but inhibition was displayed at a concentration as low as 16 ng/mL, which is a characteristic inhibition compared with other reported proteinous lipase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Kato
- Division of Fundamental AgriScience and Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ai Tsuruma
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ayaka Amishima
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- Nissei Bio Co., Ltd., Megumino-kita, Eniwa, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Kobe University Human Intestinal Microbiota Model for gut intervention studies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2625-2632. [PMID: 33718974 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human gut harbors a complex microbial community that performs a range of metabolic, physiological, and immunological functions. The host and its inhabiting microorganisms are often referred to as a "superorganism." Dysbiosis of gut microflora has been associated with the pathogenesis of intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and extra-intestinal disorders such as cardiovascular disease. Therefore, gut microbiome interventions are important for the prevention and treatment of diseases. However, ethical, economic, scientific, and time constraints limit the outcome of human intervention or animal studies targeting gut microbiota. We recently developed an in vitro batch fermentation model (the Kobe University Human Intestinal Microbiota Model, KUHIMM) that is capable of hosting a majority of gut microbial species in humans and also detects the metabolites produced by microorganisms in real time. In this mini review, we elucidated the characteristics of the KUHIMM and its applicability in analyzing the effect of diet, drugs, probiotics, and prebiotics on intestinal bacteria. In addition, we introduce as examples its application to disease models, such as ulcerative colitis, in which intestinal bacteria are intricately involved in the process of pathogenesis. We also discuss the potential of the KUHIMM in precision medicine. KEY POINTS: • In vitro gut fermentation model to simulate human colonic microbiota • Screening of potential prebiotics and probiotic candidates in healthy model • Construction of disease models of ulcerative colitis and coronary artery disease.
Collapse
|