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Banik M, Ledray AP, Wu Y, Lu Y. Delivering DNA Aptamers Across the Blood-Brain Barrier Reveals Heterogeneous Decreased ATP in Different Brain Regions of Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:1585-1593. [PMID: 39220690 PMCID: PMC11363336 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
DNA aptamers have been developed as sensors to detect metabolites with high sensitivity, selectivity, and biocompatibility. While they are effective in sensing important targets in the brain, the lack of methods for their efficient delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has significantly hindered their applications in brain research. To address this issue, we herein report the development of brain cell-derived exosomes as endogenous BBB delivery vehicles to deliver an ATP-responsive aptamer across the BBB of live mice for noninvasive live brain imaging. We found that the system uses endosome recycling to transfer the sensors between the delivered exosomes and native recycling endosomes, resulting in high delivery efficiencies. Using this system, we observed unique signal distributions for ATP across different brain regions, with significant accumulation in the subiculum and cortex in healthy mice. In an Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse model, ATP levels decreased in the subiculum and cortex, demonstrating this method's capability to determine metabolite location and relative abundance with high spatial resolution in vivo. Since DNA aptamers have been obtained for many other targets, the method developed in this work can be applied to deliver sensors across the BBB to image a wide range of other brain-related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandira Banik
- University
of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Aaron P. Ledray
- University
of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuting Wu
- University
of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yi Lu
- University
of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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2
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Rasouli A, Roshangar L, Hosseini M, Pourmohammadfazel A, Nikzad S. Beyond boundaries: The therapeutic potential of exosomes in neural microenvironments in neurological disorders. Neuroscience 2024; 553:98-109. [PMID: 38964450 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are a diverse group of conditions that can significantly impact individuals' quality of life. The maintenance of neural microenvironment homeostasis is essential for optimal physiological cellular processes. Perturbations in this delicate balance underlie various pathological manifestations observed across various neurological disorders. Current treatments for neurological disorders face substantial challenges, primarily due to the formidable blood-brain barrier and the intricate nature of neural tissue structures. These obstacles have resulted in a paucity of effective therapies and inefficiencies in patient care. Exosomes, nanoscale vesicles that contain a complex repertoire of biomolecules, are identifiable in various bodily fluids. They hold substantial promise in numerous therapeutic interventions due to their unique attributes, including targeted drug delivery mechanisms and the ability to cross the BBB, thereby enhancing their therapeutic potential. In this review, we investigate the therapeutic potential of exosomes across a range of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury, brain tumors, and stroke. Through both in vitro and in vivo studies, our findings underscore the beneficial influence of exosomes in enhancing the neural microenvironment following neurological diseases, offering promise for improved neural recovery and management in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arefe Rasouli
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammadbagher Hosseini
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Pourmohammadfazel
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Bozzuto G, Calcabrini A, Colone M, Condello M, Dupuis ML, Pellegrini E, Stringaro A. Phytocompounds and Nanoformulations for Anticancer Therapy: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:3784. [PMID: 39202863 PMCID: PMC11357218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease that affects millions of people and remains a major public health problem worldwide. Conventional cancer treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, have limited achievements and multiple drawbacks, among which are healthy tissue damage and multidrug-resistant phenotype onset. Increasing evidence shows that many plants' natural products, as well as their bioactive compounds, have promising anticancer activity and exhibit minimal toxicity compared to conventional anticancer drugs. However, their widespread use in cancer therapy is severely restricted by limitations in terms of their water solubility, absorption, lack of stability, bioavailability, and selective targeting. The use of nanoformulations for plants' natural product transportation and delivery could be helpful in overcoming these limitations, thus enhancing their therapeutic efficacy and providing the basis for improved anticancer treatment strategies. The present review is aimed at providing an update on some phytocompounds (curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and cannabinoids, among others) and their main nanoformulations showing antitumor activities, both in vitro and in vivo, against such different human cancer types as breast and colorectal cancer, lymphomas, malignant melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and osteosarcoma. The intracellular pathways underlying phytocompound anticancer activity and the main advantages of nanoformulation employment are also examined. Finally, this review critically analyzes the research gaps and limitations causing the limited success of phytocompounds' and nanoformulations' clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Bozzuto
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Annarica Calcabrini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Marisa Colone
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Condello
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Dupuis
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Evelin Pellegrini
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Annarita Stringaro
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
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Kawasaki R, Oshige A, Kono N, Yamana K, Hirano H, Miura Y, Yorioka R, Bando K, Tabata A, Yasukawa N, Sadakane M, Sanada Y, Suzuki M, Takata T, Sakurai Y, Tanaka H, Yimiti D, Miyaki S, Adachi N, Mizuta R, Sasaki Y, Akiyoshi K, Hattori Y, Kirihata M, Nagasaki T, Ikeda A. Extracellular Vesicles Comprising Carborane Prepared by a Host Exchanging Reaction as a Boron Carrier for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39106079 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
With their low immunogenicity and excellent deliverability, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising platforms for drug delivery systems. In this study, hydrophobic molecule loading techniques were developed via an exchange reaction based on supramolecular chemistry without using organic solvents that can induce EV disruption and harmful side effects. To demonstrate the availability of an exchanging reaction to prepare drug-loading EVs, hydrophobic boron cluster carborane (CB) was introduced to EVs (CB@EVs), which is expected as a boron agent for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The exchange reaction enabled the encapsulation of CB to EVs without disrupting their structure and forming aggregates. Single-particle analysis revealed that an exchanging reaction can uniformly introduce cargo molecules to EVs, which is advantageous in formulating pharmaceuticals. The performance of CB@EVs as boron agents for BNCT was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Compared to L-BPA, a clinically available boron agent, and CB delivered with liposomes, CB@EV systems exhibited the highest BNCT activity in vitro due to their excellent deliverability of cargo molecules via an endocytosis-independent pathway. The system can deeply penetrate 3D cultured spheroids even in the presence of extracellular matrices. The EV-based system could efficiently accumulate in tumor tissues in tumor xenograft model mice with high selectivity, mainly via the enhanced permeation and retention effect, and the deliverability of cargo molecules to tumor tissues in vivo enhanced the therapeutic benefits of BNCT compared to the L-BPA/fructose complex. All of the features of EVs are also advantageous in establishing anticancer agent delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Kawasaki
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Ayano Oshige
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Nanami Kono
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Keita Yamana
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hirano
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Yamato Miura
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Ryuji Yorioka
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kaori Bando
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Anri Tabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Naoki Yasukawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sadakane
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Yu Sanada
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Takushi Takata
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sakurai
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Dilimulati Yimiti
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mizuta
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hattori
- Research Center for BNCT, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Kirihata
- Research Center for BNCT, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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Mazahir F, Yadav AK. Recent progress in engineered extracellular vesicles and their biomedical applications. Life Sci 2024; 350:122747. [PMID: 38797364 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To present the recent update on the isolation, engineering techniques for extracellular vesicles, limitations associated with different isolation techniques, different biomedical applications, and challenges of engineered extracellular vesicles for the benefit of researchers from academic, industry, etc. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Peer-reviewed articles from most recognized journals were collected, and presented information was analyzed to discuss collection, chemical, electroporation, cellular, and membrane surface engineering to design extracellular vesicles for various therapeutic applications. In addition, we present the applications and limitations of techniques for the collection of extracellular vesicles. KEY FINDINGS There is a need for isolation techniques with the gold standard. However, advanced extracellular vesicle isolation techniques showed improved recovery, and purity of extracellular vesicles. Tumor therapy is a major part of the therapy section that illustrates the role of engineered extracellular vesicles in synergetic therapy such as phototherapy, theragnostic, and delivery of genetic materials. In addition, extracellular vesicles have shown their potential in the treatment of retinal disorders, neurodegenerative disease, tuberculosis, osteoporosis, inflammatory bowel disease, vaccine production, and wound healing. SIGNIFICANCE Engineered extracellular vesicles can deliver cargo to the specific cells, elicit an immune response and could be used for the development of the vaccines in the future. However, the progress is at the initial stage. Overall, this review will provide a comprehensive understanding and could serve as a reference for researchers in the clinical translation of engineered extracellular vesicles in different biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Mazahir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli, A Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Bijnor, Lucknow-226002, India
| | - Awesh K Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli, A Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Bijnor, Lucknow-226002, India.
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Mazahir F, Alam MI, Yadav AK. Development of nanomedicines for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Raison d'être, strategies, challenges and regulatory aspects. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102318. [PMID: 38705362 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of memory. Presently, AD is challenging to treat with current drug therapy as their delivery to the brain is restricted by the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Nanomedicines, due to their size, high surface volume ratio, and ease of tailoring drug release characteristics, showed their potential to treat AD. The nanotechnology-based formulations for brain targeting are expected to enter the market in the near future. So, regulatory frameworks are required to ensure the quality, safety, and effectiveness of the nanomedicines to treat AD. In this review, we discuss different strategies, in-vitro blood-brain permeation models, in-vivo permeation assessment, and regulatory aspects for the development of nanomedicine to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Mazahir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Md Imtiyaz Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Awesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India.
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7
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Mobarak H, Mahdipour M, Ghaffari-Nasab A, Rahbarghazi R. Xenogeneic Transplantation Promoted Human Exosome Sequestration in Rat Specific Organs. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:426-433. [PMID: 39206404 PMCID: PMC11347747 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Here, we aimed to study the distribution pattern of normal and cancer xenogeneic exosomes (Exos) and possible interspecies reactions in a rat model. Methods Exos were isolated from normal Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Diameter size and zeta potential distribution were studied using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The morphology of isolated Exos was monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Using western blotting, protein levels of exosomal tetraspanins were detected. For the in vivo study, Dil-labeled normal and cancer Exos were injected into the tail vein (100 µg exosomal protein/rat) three times at 1-hour intervals. After 24 hours, rats were euthanized and the cellular uptake of Exos was monitored in different organs using immunofluorescence staining (IF). Results The size distribution and mean zeta potential of HUVEC and MDA-MB-231 cells Exos were 80±29.94 and 64.77±25.49 nm, and -7.58 and -11.8 mV, respectively. Western blotting revealed CD9, CD81, and CD63 in normal and cancer Exos. The SEM images exhibited typical nano-sized round-shape Exo particles. IF staining indicated sequestration of administrated Exos in splenic tissue and lungs. The distribution of Exo in kidneys, aorta, and hepatic tissue was less. These features were more evident in the group that received cancer Exos. We found no obvious adverse effects in rats that received normal or cancer Exos. Conclusion Normal and cancerous xenogeneic human Exos can be sequestrated prominently in splenic tissue and lungs. Novel delivery approaches and engineering tools are helpful in the target delivery of administrated Exos to the injured sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Mobarak
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Shin DY, Han JS, Park CK, Lee NY, Jung KI. Parallel Analysis of Exosomes and Cytokines in Aqueous Humor Samples to Evaluate Biomarkers for Glaucoma. Cells 2024; 13:1030. [PMID: 38920659 PMCID: PMC11202053 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent emerging studies have demonstrated numerous critical roles of exosomes in cell-to-cell signaling. We investigated exosomes in the aqueous humor of glaucoma patients and controls and compared their characteristics with other biomarkers such as cytokines. Glaucoma patients exhibited higher exosome particle counts and smaller sizes compared to controls. Higher exosome density was correlated with more severe visual field loss. Conversely, concentrations of aqueous humor cytokines, particularly PD-L1, were primarily associated with intraocular pressure, and none of the cytokines showed a significant association with visual field damage. This may reflect the characteristics of exosomes, which are advantageous for crossing various biological barriers. Exosomes may contain more information about glaucoma functional damage occurring in the retina or optic nerve head. This highlights the potential importance of exosomes as signaling mediators distinct from other existing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Young Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.S.); (J.-S.H.); (C.K.P.)
- Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.S.); (J.-S.H.); (C.K.P.)
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Kee Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.S.); (J.-S.H.); (C.K.P.)
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Young Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.S.); (J.-S.H.); (C.K.P.)
- Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung In Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.S.); (J.-S.H.); (C.K.P.)
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Iqbal I, Saqib F, Mubarak Z, Latif MF, Wahid M, Nasir B, Shahzad H, Sharifi-Rad J, Mubarak MS. Alzheimer's disease and drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier: approaches and challenges. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:313. [PMID: 38849950 PMCID: PMC11161981 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a diverse disease with a complex pathophysiology. The presence of extracellular β-amyloid deposition as neuritic plaques and intracellular accumulation of hyper-phosphorylated tau as neurofibrillary tangles remain the core neuropathologic criteria for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. Nonetheless, several recent basic discoveries have revealed significant pathogenic roles for other essential cellular and molecular processes. Previously, there were not so many disease-modifying medications (DMT) available as drug distribution through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is difficult due to its nature, especially drugs of polypeptides nature and proteins. Recently FDA has approved lecanemab as DMT for its proven efficacy. It is also complicated to deliver drugs for diseases like epilepsy or any brain tumor due to the limitations of the BBB. After the advancements in the drug delivery system, different techniques are used to transport the medication across the BBB. Other methods are used, like enhancement of brain blood vessel fluidity by liposomes, infusion of hyperosmotic solutions, and local intracerebral implants, but these are invasive approaches. Non-invasive approaches include the formulation of nanoparticles and their coating with polymers. This review article emphasizes all the above-mentioned techniques, procedures, and challenges to transporting medicines across the BBB. It summarizes the most recent literature dealing with drug delivery across the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
- Primary and Secondary Healthcare Department, Govt of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Zobia Mubarak
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Primary and Secondary Healthcare Department, Govt of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Nasir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hamna Shahzad
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mohammad S Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
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Jang YO, Roh Y, Shin W, Jo S, Koo B, Liu H, Kim MG, Lee HJ, Qiao Z, Lee EY, Lee M, Lee J, Lee EJ, Shin Y. Transferrin-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles for the isolation of brain-derived blood exosomal MicroRNAs: A novel approach for Parkinson's disease diagnosis. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1306:342623. [PMID: 38692796 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived exosomes circulate in the bloodstream and other bodily fluids, serving as potential indicators of neurological disease progression. These exosomes present a promising avenue for the early and precise diagnosis of neurodegenerative conditions. Notably, miRNAs found in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer distinct diagnostic benefits due to their stability, abundance, and resistance to breakdown. RESULTS In this study, we introduce a method using transferrin conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (TMNs) to isolate these exosomes from the plasma of patients with neurological disorders. This TMNs technique is both quick (<35 min) and cost-effective, requiring no high-priced ingredients or elaborate equipment for EV extraction. Our method successfully isolated EVs from 33 human plasma samples, including those from patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Dementia. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, we evaluated the potential of 8 exosomal miRNA profiles as biomarker candidates. Six exosomal miRNA biomarkers (miR-195-5p, miR-495-3p, miR-23b-3P, miR-30c-2-3p, miR-323a-3p, and miR-27a-3p) were consistently linked with all stages of PD. SIGNIFICANCE The TMNs method provides a practical, cost-efficient way to isolate EVs from biological samples, paving the way for non-invasive neurological diagnoses. Furthermore, the identified miRNA biomarkers in these exosomes may emerge as innovative tools for precise diagnosis in neurological disorders including PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ok Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjeong Roh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wangyong Shin
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyang Jo
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonhan Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Huifang Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Gyu Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Joo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Qiao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Jae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Yadav K, Vijayalakshmi R, Kumar Sahu K, Sure P, Chahal K, Yadav R, Sucheta, Dubey A, Jha M, Pradhan M. Exosome-Based Macromolecular neurotherapeutic drug delivery approaches in overcoming the Blood-Brain barrier for treating brain disorders. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 199:114298. [PMID: 38642716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Delivering drugs to the brain is a complex challenge in medical research, particularly for disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The blood-brain barrier restricts the entry of many therapeutic molecules, hindering their effectiveness. Nanoparticles, a potential solution, face issues like toxicity and limited approvals. A new avenue explores the use of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), i.e., exosomes, as natural carriers for drug delivery. sEVs, tiny structures below 150 nm, show promise due to their minimal immune response and ability to precisely deliver drugs. This review focuses on the potential of sEVs-based drug delivery systems for treating neurological disorders, brain cancers, and other brain-related issues. Notably, bioengineered sEVs-carrying therapeutic compounds exhibit promise in early studies. The unique features of sEVs, such as their small size and natural properties, position them as candidates to overcome challenges in drug delivery to the brain. Ongoing clinical trials and research into sEVs behavior within the body further highlight their potential for revolutionizing drug delivery and addressing complex brain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Yadav
- Raipur Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sarona, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - R Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GIET School of Pharmacy, Chaitanya Knowledge City, Rajahmundry, AP, 533296, India
| | - Kantrol Kumar Sahu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India
| | - Pavani Sure
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kavita Chahal
- Department of Botany, Government Model Science College Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Yadav
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Sucheta
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Akhilesh Dubey
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangaluru-575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Megha Jha
- Department of Life Science, Mansarovar Global University, Sehore, M.P., India
| | - Madhulika Pradhan
- Gracious College of Pharmacy, Abhanpur, Chhattisgarh, 493661, India.
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12
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Henningfield CM, Soni N, Lee RW, Sharma R, Cleland JL, Green KN. Selective targeting and modulation of plaque associated microglia via systemic hydroxyl dendrimer administration in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:101. [PMID: 38711159 PMCID: PMC11071231 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Alzheimer's disease (AD), microglia surround extracellular plaques and mount a sustained inflammatory response, contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease. Identifying approaches to specifically target plaque-associated microglia (PAMs) without interfering in the homeostatic functions of non-plaque associated microglia would afford a powerful tool and potential therapeutic avenue. METHODS Here, we demonstrated that a systemically administered nanomedicine, hydroxyl dendrimers (HDs), can cross the blood brain barrier and are preferentially taken up by PAMs in a mouse model of AD. As proof of principle, to demonstrate biological effects in PAM function, we treated the 5xFAD mouse model of amyloidosis for 4 weeks via systemic administration (ip, 2x weekly) of HDs conjugated to a colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor (D-45113). RESULTS Treatment resulted in significant reductions in amyloid-beta (Aβ) and a stark reduction in the number of microglia and microglia-plaque association in the subiculum and somatosensory cortex, as well as a downregulation in microglial, inflammatory, and synaptic gene expression compared to vehicle treated 5xFAD mice. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that systemic administration of a dendranib may be utilized to target and modulate PAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caden M Henningfield
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Neelakshi Soni
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Ryan W Lee
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Ashvattha Therapeutics, Inc, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | | | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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13
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Sundaram K, Teng Y, Mu J, Xu Q, Xu F, Sriwastva MK, Zhang L, Park JW, Zhang X, Yan J, Zhang SQ, Merchant ML, Chen SY, McClain CJ, Dryden GW, Zhang HG. Outer Membrane Vesicles Released from Garlic Exosome-like Nanoparticles (GaELNs) Train Gut Bacteria that Reverses Type 2 Diabetes via the Gut-Brain Axis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308680. [PMID: 38225709 PMCID: PMC11102339 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota function has numerous effects on humans and the diet humans consume has emerged as a pivotal determinant of gut microbiota function. Here, a new concept that gut microbiota can be trained by diet-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) to release healthy outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is introduced. Specifically, OMVs released from garlic ELN (GaELNs) trained human gut Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) can reverse high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in mice. Oral administration of OMVs released from GaELNs trained A. muciniphila can traffick to the brain where they are taken up by microglial cells, resulting in inhibition of high-fat diet-induced brain inflammation. GaELNs treatment increases the levels of OMV Amuc-1100, P9, and phosphatidylcholines. Increasing the levels of Amuc-1100 and P9 leads to increasing the GLP-1 plasma level. Increasing the levels of phosphatidylcholines is required for inhibition of cGas and STING-mediated inflammation and GLP-1R crosstalk with the insulin pathway that leads to increasing expression of Insulin Receptor Substrate (IRS1 and IRS2) on OMV targeted cells. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism whereby OMVs from plant nanoparticle-trained gut bacteria regulate genes expressed in the brain, and have implications for the treatment of brain dysfunction caused by a metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaran Sundaram
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Yun Teng
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Jingyao Mu
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Fangyi Xu
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | | | - Lifeng Zhang
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Juw Won Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
- Kentucky IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jun Yan
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Shuang Qin Zhang
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Michael L. Merchant
- Kidney Disease Program and Clinical Proteomics Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shao-yu Chen
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
| | - Craig J McClain
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Gerald W Dryden
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Huang-Ge Zhang
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202, USA
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14
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Fallahi S, Zangbar HS, Farajdokht F, Rahbarghazi R, Mohaddes G, Ghiasi F. Exosomes as a therapeutic tool to promote neurorestoration and cognitive function in neurological conditions: Achieve two ends with a single effort. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14752. [PMID: 38775149 PMCID: PMC11110007 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes possess a significant role in intercellular communications. In the nervous system, various neural cells release exosomes that not only own a role in intercellular communications but also eliminate the waste of cells, maintain the myelin sheath, facilitate neurogenesis, and specifically assist in normal cognitive function. In neurological conditions including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and stroke, exosomal cargo like miRNAs take part in the sequela of conditions and serve as a diagnostic tool of neurological disorders, too. Exosomes are not only a diagnostic tool but also their inhibition or administration from various sources like mesenchymal stem cells and serum, which have shown a worthy potential to treat multiple neurological disorders. In addition to neurodegenerative manifestations, cognitive deficiencies are an integral part of neurological diseases, and applying exosomes in improving both aspects of these diseases has been promising. This review discusses the status of exosome therapy in improving neurorestorative and cognitive function following neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Fallahi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Neurosciences Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Neurosciences Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Biomedical EducationCalifornia Health Sciences University, College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fariba Ghiasi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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15
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Ding S, Kim YJ, Huang KY, Um D, Jung Y, Kong H. Delivery-mediated exosomal therapeutics in ischemia-reperfusion injury: advances, mechanisms, and future directions. NANO CONVERGENCE 2024; 11:18. [PMID: 38689075 PMCID: PMC11061094 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) poses significant challenges across various organ systems, including the heart, brain, and kidneys. Exosomes have shown great potentials and applications in mitigating IRI-induced cell and tissue damage through modulating inflammatory responses, enhancing angiogenesis, and promoting tissue repair. Despite these advances, a more systematic understanding of exosomes from different sources and their biotransport is critical for optimizing therapeutic efficacy and accelerating the clinical adoption of exosomes for IRI therapies. Therefore, this review article overviews the administration routes of exosomes from different sources, such as mesenchymal stem cells and other somatic cells, in the context of IRI treatment. Furthermore, this article covers how the delivered exosomes modulate molecular pathways of recipient cells, aiding in the prevention of cell death and the promotions of regeneration in IRI models. In the end, this article discusses the ongoing research efforts and propose future research directions of exosome-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhe Ding
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai-Yu Huang
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Daniel Um
- Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, YU-KIST Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub-Chicago, Chicago, USA.
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Javed A, Kong N, Mathesh M, Duan W, Yang W. Nanoarchitectonics-based electrochemical aptasensors for highly efficient exosome detection. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2024; 25:2345041. [PMID: 38742153 PMCID: PMC11089931 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2345041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to provide valuable insights into the pathophysiological microenvironment of the cells from which they originate. This characteristic implicates their potential use as diagnostic disease biomarkers clinically, including cancer, infectious diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Aptasensors, which are electrochemical aptamers based biosensing devices, have emerged as a new class of powerful detection technology to conventional methods like ELISA and Western analysis, primarily because of their capability for high-performance bioanalysis. This review covers the current research landscape on the detection of exosomes utilizing nanoarchitectonics strategy for the development of electrochemical aptasensors. Strategies involving signal amplification and biofouling prevention are discussed, with an emphasis on nanoarchitectonics-based bio-interfaces, showcasing their potential to enhance sensitivity and selectivity through optimal conduction and mass transport properties. The ongoing challenges to broaden the clinical applications of these biosensors are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Javed
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Na Kong
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Motilal Mathesh
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Wenrong Yang
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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17
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Nishimura K, Sanchez-Molano J, Kerr N, Pressman Y, Silvera R, Khan A, Gajavelli S, Bramlett HM, Dietrich WD. Beneficial Effects of Human Schwann Cell-Derived Exosomes in Mitigating Secondary Damage After Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2024. [PMID: 38445369 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that the delivery of cell-derived exosomes normally involved in intracellular communication can reduce secondary injury mechanisms after brain and spinal cord injury and improve outcomes. Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles that are released by Schwann cells and may have neuroprotective effects by reducing post-traumatic inflammatory processes as well as promoting tissue healing and functional recovery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of human Schwann-cell exosomes (hSC-Exos) in a severe model of penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) in rats and investigate effects on multiple outcomes. Human Schwann cell processing protocols followed Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) with exosome extraction and purification steps approved by the Food and Drug Administration for an expanded access single ALS patient Investigational New Drug. Anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats (280-350g) underwent PBBI surgery or Sham procedures and, starting 30 min after injury, received either a dose of hSC-Exos or phosphate-buffered saline through the jugular vein. At 48h after PBBI, flow cytometry analysis of cortical tissue revealed that hSC-Exos administration reduced the number of activated microglia and levels of caspase-1, a marker of inflammasome activation. Neuropathological analysis at 21 days showed that hSC-Exos treatment after PBBI significantly reduced overall contusion volume and decreased the frequency of Iba-1 positive activated and amoeboid microglia by immunocytochemical analysis. This study revealed that the systemic administration of hSC-Exos is neuroprotective in a model of severe TBI and reduces secondary inflammatory injury mechanisms and histopathological damage. The administration of hSC-Exos represents a clinically relevant cell-based therapy to limit the detrimental effects of neurotrauma or other progressive neurological injuries by impacting multiple pathophysiological events and promoting neurological recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Nishimura
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Juliana Sanchez-Molano
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Nadine Kerr
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yelena Pressman
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Risset Silvera
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Aisha Khan
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Helen M Bramlett
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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18
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Hill M, Chung SJ, Woo HJ, Park CR, Hadrick K, Nafiujjaman M, Kumar PP, Mwangi L, Parikh R, Kim T. Exosome-Coated Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Specific Targeting and Treatment of Glioblastoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16. [PMID: 38598311 PMCID: PMC11056931 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive and invasive types of brain cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 6.8%. With limited options, patients often have poor quality of life and are moved to palliative care after diagnosis. As a result, there is an extreme need for a novel theranostic method that allows for early diagnosis and noninvasive treatment as current peptide-based delivery standards may have off-target effects. Prussian Blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) have recently been investigated as photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal ablation agents. However, due to their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), their use in glioblastoma treatment is limited. By utilizing a hybrid, biomimetic nanoparticle composed of a PBNP interior and a U-87 cancer cell-derived exosome coating (Exo:PB), we show tumor-specific targeting within the brain and selective thermal therapy potential due to the strong photoconversion abilities. Particle characterization was carried out and showed a complete coating around the PBNPs that contains exosome markers. In vitro cellular uptake patterns are similar to native U-87 exosomes and when exposed to an 808 nm laser, show localized cell death within the specified region. After intravenous injection of Exo:PB into subcutaneously implanted glioblastoma mice, they have shown effective targeting and eradication of tumor volume compared to PEG-coated PBNPs (PEG:PB). Through systemic administration of Exo:PB particles into orthotopic glioblastoma-bearing mice, the PBNP signal was detected in the brain tumor region through PAI. It was seen that Exo:PB had preferential tumor accumulation with less off-targeting compared to the RGD:PB control. Ex vivo analysis validated specific targeting with a direct overlay of Exo:PB with the tumor by both H&E staining and Ki67 labeling. Overall, we have developed a novel biomimetic material that can naturally cross the BBB and act as a theranostic agent for systemic targeting of glioblastoma tissue and photothermal therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan
L. Hill
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Seock-Jin Chung
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Hyun-Joo Woo
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Cho Rong Park
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Kay Hadrick
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Md Nafiujjaman
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Panangattukara
Prabhakaran Praveen Kumar
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Leila Mwangi
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Rachna Parikh
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Taeho Kim
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, and Institute for Quantitative
Health Science and Engineering, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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19
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Wu D, Sun H, Yang B, Song E, Song Y, Tan W. Exosome Heterogeneity Affects the Distal "Barrier-Crossing" Trafficking of Exosome Encapsulated Quantum Dots. ACS NANO 2024; 18:7907-7922. [PMID: 38394382 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The biological activities of nanoparticles (NPs), which include endocytosis by macrophages and subsequent intracellular degradation and/or release, transfer to other cells, or translocation across tissue barriers, highly depend on their fate in living organisms. Yet, translocation across barriers, especially the distal "barrier-crossing" trafficking of NPs, is still unclear. The exosome (Exo) plays a crucial role in intercellular communication and biological barrier trafficking. Here, we report that ZnCdSe@ZnS quantum dots (QDs), as a representation of NPs in biomedical applications, could cross the blood-brain barrier and approach the mouse brain via active Exo encapsulation. By employing multiple techniques, we demonstrated that QDs were internalized by macrophages (J774A.1) and tumor cells (HeLa) and then released to the extracellular environment along with Exo. Exo encapsulation facilitates the distal barrier-crossing trafficking of QDs in vivo, while Exo biogenesis inhibitor GW4869 suppressed the QDs enriched in the brains of mice with a 4T1-Luc breast cancer xenograft. Interestingly, Exo heterogeneity affects the distal trafficking of enveloped QDs. Exo derived from tumorous HeLa cells, not macrophages, that were enriched in functional proteins with cell adhesion, cell migration, axon guidance, and cell motility, showed a better capacity for the remote trafficking of QDs. This study proposes Exo as a vehicle to deliver exogenous NPs to translocate across the distal barrier and provides further information for biomedical application and the risk assessment of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Hang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bingwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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20
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Milani SZ, Rezabakhsh A, Karimipour M, Salimi L, Mardi N, Narmi MT, Sadeghsoltani F, Valioglu F, Rahbarghazi R. Role of autophagy in angiogenic potential of vascular pericytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1347857. [PMID: 38380339 PMCID: PMC10877016 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1347857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The vasculature system is composed of a multiplicity of juxtaposed cells to generate a functional biological barrier between the blood and tissues. On the luminal surface of blood vessels, endothelial cells (ECs) are in close contact with circulating cells while supporting basal lamina and pericytes wrap the abluminal surface. Thus, the reciprocal interaction of pericytes with ECs is a vital element in the physiological activity of the vascular system. Several reports have indicated that the occurrence of pericyte dysfunction under ischemic and degenerative conditions results in varied micro and macro-vascular complications. Emerging evidence points to the fact that autophagy, a conserved self-digestive cell machinery, can regulate the activity of several cells like pericytes in response to various stresses and pathological conditions. Here, we aim to highlight the role of autophagic response in pericyte activity and angiogenesis potential following different pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Zamen Milani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Salimi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Mardi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Ferzane Valioglu
- Technology Development Zones Management CO., Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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21
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Sheykhhasan M, Heidari F, Farsani ME, Azimzadeh M, Kalhor N, Ababzadeh S, Seyedebrahimi R. Dual Role of Exosome in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review Study. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:852-864. [PMID: 37496136 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230726161035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are one of the crucial means of intercellular communication, which takes many different forms. They are heterogeneous, secreted by a range of cell types, and can be generally classified into microvesicles and exosomes depending on their location and function. Exosomes are small EVs with diameters of about 30-150 nm and diverse cell sources. METHODS The MEDLINE/PubMed database was reviewed for papers written in English and publication dates of recent years, using the search string "Exosome" and "Neurodegenerative diseases." RESULTS The exosomes have attracted interest as a significant biomarker for a better understanding of disease development, gene silencing delivery, and alternatives to stem cell-based therapy because of their low-invasive therapeutic approach, repeatable distribution in the central nervous system (CNS), and high efficiency. Also, they are nanovesicles that carry various substances, which can have an impact on neural plasticity and cognitive functioning in both healthy and pathological circumstances. Therefore, exosomes are conceived as nanovesicles containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. However, their composition varies considerably depending on the cells from which they are produced. CONCLUSION In the present review, we discuss several techniques for the isolation of exosomes from different cell sources. Furthermore, reviewing research on exosomes' possible functions as carriers of bioactive substances implicated in the etiology of neurodegenerative illnesses, we further examine them. We also analyze the preclinical and clinical research that shows exosomes to have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Qom, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heidari
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohsen Eslami Farsani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Maryam Azimzadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Naser Kalhor
- Department of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Qom, Iran
| | - Shima Ababzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Seyedebrahimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
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22
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Shen W, You T, Xu W, Xie Y, Wang Y, Cui M. Rapid and Widespread Distribution of Intranasal Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells throughout the Brain Potentially via the Perivascular Pathway. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2578. [PMID: 38004556 PMCID: PMC10675165 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intranasal administration is a promising strategy to enhance the delivery of the sEVsomes-based drug delivery system to the central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to explore central distributive characteristics of mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) and underlying pathways. Here, we observed that intranasal MSC-sEVs were rapidly distributed to various brain regions, especially in the subcortex distant from the olfactory bulb, and were absorbed by multiple cells residing in these regions. We captured earlier transportation of intranasal MSC-sEVs into the perivascular space and found an increase in cerebrospinal fluid influx after intranasal administration, particularly in subcortical structures of anterior brain regions where intranasal sEVs were distributed more significantly. These results suggest that the perivascular pathway may underlie the rapid and widespread central delivery kinetics of intranasal MSC-sEVs and support the potential of the intranasal route to deliver MSC-sEVs to the brain for CNS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; (W.S.); (T.Y.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.)
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23
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Fullerton JL, Cosgrove CC, Rooney RA, Work LM. Extracellular vesicles and their microRNA cargo in ischaemic stroke. J Physiol 2023; 601:4907-4921. [PMID: 35421904 PMCID: PMC10952288 DOI: 10.1113/jp282050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of death and disability. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs which hold the potential to act as a novel biomarker in AIS. The majority of circulating miRNAs are actively encapsulated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by many cells and organs endogenously. EVs released by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied for their therapeutic potential. In health and disease, EVs are vital for intercellular communication, as the cargo within EVs can be exchanged between neighbouring cells or transported to distant sites. It is clear here from both current preclinical and clinical studies that AIS is associated with specific EV-derived miRNAs, including those transported via MSC-derived EVs. In addition, current studies provide evidence to show that modulating levels of specific EV-derived miRNAs in AIS provides a novel therapeutic potential of miRNAs in the treatment of stroke. Commonalities exist in altered miRNAs across preclinical and clinical studies. Of those EV-packaged miRNAs, miRNA-124 was described both as an EV-packaged biomarker and as a potential EV-loaded therapeutic in experimental models. Alterations of miRNA-17 family and miRNA-17-92 cluster were identified in preclinical, clinical and MSC-EV-mediated neuroprotection in experimental stroke. Finally, miRNA-30d and -30a were found to mediate therapeutic effect when overexpressed from MSC and implicated as a biomarker clinically. Combined, EV-derived miRNAs will further our understanding of the neuropathological processes triggered by AIS. In addition, this work will help determine the true clinical value of circulating EV-packaged miRNAs as biomarkers of AIS or as novel therapeutics in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie L. Fullerton
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Caitlin C. Cosgrove
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Rebecca A. Rooney
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Lorraine M. Work
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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24
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Zhang XD, Yu WH, Liu MM, Liu R, Wu H, Wang Z, Hai CX. Pentoxifylline inhibits phosgene-induced lung injury via improving hypoxia. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:1100-1107. [PMID: 36220803 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2131811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation of high concentrations of phosgene often causes pulmonary edema, which obstructs the airway and causes tissue hypoxia. There is currently no specific antidote. This study was performed to investigate the effect behind pentoxifylline (PTX) treatment for phosgene-induced lung injury in rat models. Rats were exposed to phosgene. The protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and occludin proteins in lung tissue were determined. The effect of both prophylactic and therapeutic administration of PTX (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) was evaluated. The lung permeability index and HIF-1α protein level increased, the arterial blood oxygenation index (PaO2/FIO2 ratio) and occludin protein level decreased significantly 6 h after phosgene exposure (P < 0.05). PTX exerted protective effects by HIF-1α-VEGF-occludin signaling pathway to some extent. Moreover, prophylactic, but not therapeutic administration of PTX (100 mg/kg), exhibited a significant protective effect. Pretreatment with PTX protected against phosgene-induced lung injury, possibly by inhibiting differential expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and occludin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-di Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei-Hua Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Meng Liu
- Department of Health Service, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun-Xu Hai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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25
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Osaid Z, Haider M, Hamoudi R, Harati R. Exosomes Interactions with the Blood-Brain Barrier: Implications for Cerebral Disorders and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15635. [PMID: 37958619 PMCID: PMC10648512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is a selective structural and functional barrier between the circulatory system and the cerebral environment, playing an essential role in maintaining cerebral homeostasis by limiting the passage of harmful molecules. Exosomes, nanovesicles secreted by virtually all cell types into body fluids, have emerged as a major mediator of intercellular communication. Notably, these vesicles can cross the BBB and regulate its physiological functions. However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which exosomes regulate the BBB remain unclear. Recent research studies focused on the effect of exosomes on the BBB, particularly in the context of their involvement in the onset and progression of various cerebral disorders, including solid and metastatic brain tumors, stroke, neurodegenerative, and neuroinflammatory diseases. This review focuses on discussing and summarizing the current knowledge about the role of exosomes in the physiological and pathological modulation of the BBB. A better understanding of this regulation will improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cerebral diseases and will enable the design of effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaynab Osaid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohamed Haider
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7EJ, UK
| | - Rania Harati
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
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26
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Nag S, Bhattacharya B, Dutta S, Mandal D, Mukherjee S, Anand K, Eswaramoorthy R, Thorat N, Jha SK, Gorai S. Clinical Theranostics Trademark of Exosome in Glioblastoma Metastasis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5205-5221. [PMID: 37578350 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive type of cancer that has led to the death of a large population. The traditional approach fails to develop a solution for GBM's suffering life. Extensive research into tumor microenvironments (TME) indicates that TME extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a vital role in cancer development and progression. EVs are classified into microvacuoles, apoptotic bodies, and exosomes. Exosomes are the most highlighted domains in cancer research. GBM cell-derived exosomes participate in multiple cancer progression events such as immune suppression, angiogenesis, premetastatic niche formation (PMN), ECM (extracellular matrix), EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition), metastasis, cancer stem cell development and therapeutic and drug resistance. GBM exosomes also carry the signature of a glioblastoma-related status. The exosome-based GBM examination is part of the new generation of liquid biopsy. It also solved early diagnostic limitations in GBM. Traditional therapeutic approaches do not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Exosomes are a game changer in GBM treatment and it is emerging as a potential platform for effective, efficient, and specific therapeutic development. In this review, we have explored the exosome-GBM interlink, the clinical impact of exosomes on GBM biomarkers, the therapeutics signature of exosomes in GBM, exosome-based research challenges, and future directions in GBM. Therefore, the GBM-derived exosomes offer unique therapeutic opportunities, which are currently under preclinical and clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Nag
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Bikramjit Bhattacharya
- Department of Applied Microbiology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Swagata Dutta
- Department of Agricultural and food Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Debashmita Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal 741249, India
| | - Sayantanee Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Biomaterials, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha institute of Medical and Technical sciences (SIMATS) Chennai 600077, India
| | - Nanasaheb Thorat
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre and Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Knowledge Park-III, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sukhamoy Gorai
- Rush University Medical Center, 1620 W Harrison Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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27
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Hennigan K, Lavik E. Nature vs. Manmade: Comparing Exosomes and Liposomes for Traumatic Brain Injury. AAPS J 2023; 25:83. [PMID: 37610471 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-023-00849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) of all severities is a significant public health burden, causing a range of effects that can lead to death or a diminished quality of life. Liposomes and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are two drug delivery agents with potential to be leveraged in the treatment of TBI by increasing the efficacy of drug therapies as well as having additional therapeutic effects. They exhibit several physical similarities, but key differences affect their performances as nanocarriers. Liposomes can be produced commercially at scale, and liposomes achieve higher encapsulation efficiency. Meanwhile, the intrinsic cargo and targeting moieties of exosomes, which liposomes lack, give exosomes a greater ability to facilitate neural regeneration, and exosomes do not trigger the infusion reactions that liposomes can. However, there are concerns about both exosomes and liposomes regarding interactions with tumors. The same routes of administration can be used for both exosomes and liposomes, resulting in somewhat different distribution throughout the body. While the effect of the nanocarrier type on accumulation in the brain is not concrete, targeting leads to increased accumulation of both exosomes and liposomes in the brain, upon which on-demand release can be used for both drug deliverers. Although neither have been applied to TBI in humans, preclinical trials have shown their immense potential, as have clinical trials pertaining to other brain injuries and conditions. While questions remain, research thus far shows that the various differences make exosomes a better choice of nanocarrier for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hennigan
- Marriotts Ridge High School, Ellicott City, Maryland, 21042, USA
| | - Erin Lavik
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland, 21250, USA.
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28
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Ribeiro J, Lopes I, Gomes AC. A New Perspective for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Exosome-like Liposomes to Deliver Natural Compounds and RNA Therapies. Molecules 2023; 28:6015. [PMID: 37630268 PMCID: PMC10458935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increment of the aging population in recent years, neurodegenerative diseases exert a major global disease burden, essentially as a result of the lack of treatments that stop the disease progression. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an example of a neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of people globally, with no effective treatment. Natural compounds have emerged as a viable therapy to fill a huge gap in AD management, and in recent years, mostly fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic, RNA-based therapeutics have become a hot topic in the treatment of several diseases. Treatments of AD face significant limitations due to the complex and interconnected pathways that lead to their hallmarks and also due to the necessity to cross the blood-brain barrier. Nanotechnology has contributed to surpassing this bottleneck in the treatment of AD by promoting safe and enhanced drug delivery to the brain. In particular, exosome-like nanoparticles, a hybrid delivery system combining exosomes and liposomes' advantageous features, are demonstrating great potential in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Ribeiro
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA)/Aquatic Research Network (ARNET) Associate Laboratory, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.R.); (I.L.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Sustainability (IB-S), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ivo Lopes
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA)/Aquatic Research Network (ARNET) Associate Laboratory, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.R.); (I.L.)
| | - Andreia Castro Gomes
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA)/Aquatic Research Network (ARNET) Associate Laboratory, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.R.); (I.L.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Sustainability (IB-S), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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29
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Mineiro R, Albuquerque T, Neves AR, Santos CRA, Costa D, Quintela T. The Role of Biological Rhythms in New Drug Formulations to Cross the Brain Barriers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12541. [PMID: 37628722 PMCID: PMC10454916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
For brain protection, the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier limit the traffic of molecules between blood and brain tissue and between blood and cerebrospinal fluid, respectively. Besides their protective function, brain barriers also limit the passage of therapeutic drugs to the brain, which constitutes a great challenge for the development of therapeutic strategies for brain disorders. This problem has led to the emergence of novel strategies to treat neurological disorders, like the development of nanoformulations to deliver therapeutic agents to the brain. Recently, functional molecular clocks have been identified in the blood-brain barrier and in the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. In fact, circadian rhythms in physiological functions related to drug disposition were also described in brain barriers. This opens the possibility for chronobiological approaches that aim to use time to improve drug efficacy and safety. The conjugation of nanoformulations with chronobiology for neurological disorders is still unexplored. Facing this, here, we reviewed the circadian rhythms in brain barriers, the nanoformulations studied to deliver drugs to the brain, and the nanoformulations with the potential to be conjugated with a chronobiological approach to therapeutic strategies for the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Mineiro
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tânia Albuquerque
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Neves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cecília R. A. Santos
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Diana Costa
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- UDI-IPG—Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
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30
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Dave KM, Stolz DB, Manickam DS. Delivery of mitochondria-containing extracellular vesicles to the BBB for ischemic stroke therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1769-1788. [PMID: 37921194 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2279115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemic stroke-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in brain endothelial cells (BECs) leads to breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) causing long-term neurological dysfunction. Restoration of mitochondrial function in injured BECs is a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate stroke-induced damage. Mounting evidence demonstrate that selected subsets of cell-derived extracellular vehicles (EVs), such as exosomes (EXOs) and microvesicles (MVs), contain functional mitochondrial components. Therefore, development of BEC-derived mitochondria-containing EVs for delivery to the BBB will (1) alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and limit long-term neurological dysfunction in ischemic stroke and (2) provide an alternative therapeutic option for treating numerous other diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. AREA COVERED This review will discuss (1) how EV subsets package different types of mitochondrial components during their biogenesis, (2) mechanisms of EV internalization and functional mitochondrial responses in the recipient cells, and (3) EV biodistribution and pharmacokinetics - key factors involved in the development of mitochondria-containing EVs as a novel BBB-targeted stroke therapy. EXPERT OPINION Mitochondria-containing MVs have demonstrated therapeutic benefits in ischemic stroke and other pathologies associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Delivery of MV mitochondria to the BBB is expected to protect the BBB integrity and neurovascular unit post-stroke. MV mitochondria quality control, characterization, mechanistic understanding of its effects in vivo, safety and efficacy in different preclinical models, large-scale production, and establishment of regulatory guidelines are foreseeable milestones to harness the clinical potential of MV mitochondria delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandarp M Dave
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Devika S Manickam
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Khoury R, Nagy C. Running from stress: a perspective on the potential benefits of exercise-induced small extracellular vesicles for individuals with major depressive disorder. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1154872. [PMID: 37398548 PMCID: PMC10309045 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1154872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise promotes beneficial effects in the brain including increased synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis and regulates neuroinflammation and stress response via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Exercise can have therapeutic effects for numerous brain-related pathologies, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Beneficial effects of aerobic exercise are thought to be mediated through the release of "exerkines" including metabolites, proteins, nucleic acids, and hormones that communicate between the brain and periphery. While the specific mechanisms underlying the positive effects of aerobic exercise on MDD have not been fully elucidated, the evidence suggests that exercise may exert a direct or indirect influence on the brain via small extracellular vesicles which have been shown to transport signaling molecules including "exerkines" between cells and across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). sEVs are released by most cell types, found in numerous biofluids, and capable of crossing the BBB. sEVs have been associated with numerous brain-related functions including neuronal stress response, cell-cell communication, as well as those affected by exercise like synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. In addition to known exerkines, they are loaded with other modulatory cargo such as microRNA (miRNA), an epigenetic regulator that regulates gene expression levels. How exercise-induced sEVs mediate exercise dependent improvements in MDD is unknown. Here, we perform a thorough survey of the current literature to elucidate the potential role of sEVs in the context of neurobiological changes seen with exercise and depression by summarizing studies on exercise and MDD, exercise and sEVs, and finally, sEVs as they relate to MDD. Moreover, we describe the links between peripheral sEV levels and their potential for infiltration into the brain. While literature suggests that aerobic exercise is protective against the development of mood disorders, there remains a scarcity of data on the therapeutic effects of exercise. Recent studies have shown that aerobic exercise does not appear to influence sEV size, but rather influence their concentration and cargo. These molecules have been independently implicated in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. Taken together, these studies suggest that concentration of sEVs are increased post exercise, and they may contain specifically packaged protective cargo representing a novel therapeutic for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reine Khoury
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada
| | - Corina Nagy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fathi-Karkan S, Heidarzadeh M, Narmi MT, Mardi N, Amini H, Saghati S, Abrbekoh FN, Saghebasl S, Rahbarghazi R, Khoshfetrat AB. Exosome-loaded microneedle patches: Promising factor delivery route. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125232. [PMID: 37302628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
During the past decades, the advent of different microneedle patch (MNPs) systems paves the way for the targeted and efficient delivery of several growth factors into the injured sites. MNPs consist of several micro-sized (25-1500 μm) needle rows for painless delivery of incorporated therapeutics and increase of regenerative outcomes. Recent data have indicated the multifunctional potential of varied MNP types for clinical applications. Advances in the application of materials and fabrication processes enable researchers and clinicians to apply several MNP types for different purposes such as inflammatory conditions, ischemic disease, metabolic disorders, vaccination, etc. Exosomes (Exos) are one of the most interesting biological bioshuttles that participate in cell-to-cell paracrine interaction with the transfer of signaling biomolecules. These nano-sized particles, ranging from 50 to 150 nm, can exploit several mechanisms to enter the target cells and deliver their cargo into the cytosol. In recent years, both intact and engineered Exos have been increasingly used to accelerate the healing process and restore the function of injured organs. Considering the numerous benefits provided by MNPs, it is logical to hypothesize that the development of MNPs loaded with Exos provides an efficient therapeutic platform for the alleviation of several pathologies. In this review article, the authors collected recent advances in the application of MNP-loaded Exos for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fathi-Karkan
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Morteza Heidarzadeh
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Rumeli Feneri, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Narges Mardi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Amini
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Saghati
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Saghebasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Arena GO, Forte S, Abdouh M, Vanier C, Corbeil D, Lorico A. Horizontal Transfer of Malignant Traits and the Involvement of Extracellular Vesicles in Metastasis. Cells 2023; 12:1566. [PMID: 37371036 PMCID: PMC10297028 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastases are responsible for the vast majority of cancer deaths, yet most therapeutic efforts have focused on targeting and interrupting tumor growth rather than impairing the metastatic process. Traditionally, cancer metastasis is attributed to the dissemination of neoplastic cells from the primary tumor to distant organs through blood and lymphatic circulation. A thorough understanding of the metastatic process is essential to develop new therapeutic strategies that improve cancer survival. Since Paget's original description of the "Seed and Soil" hypothesis over a hundred years ago, alternative theories and new players have been proposed. In particular, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cancer cells and their uptake by neighboring cells or at distinct anatomical sites has been explored. Here, we will outline and discuss these alternative theories and emphasize the horizontal transfer of EV-associated biomolecules as a possibly major event leading to cell transformation and the induction of metastases. We will also highlight the recently discovered intracellular pathway used by EVs to deliver their cargoes into the nucleus of recipient cells, which is a potential target for novel anti-metastatic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goffredo O. Arena
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
- Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, 90015 Cefalù, Italy
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
| | - Mohamed Abdouh
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Cheryl Vanier
- Touro University Nevada College of Medicine, Henderson, NV 89014, USA;
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
- Touro University Nevada College of Medicine, Henderson, NV 89014, USA;
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Salimi L, Seyedaghamiri F, Karimipour M, Mobarak H, Mardi N, Taghavi M, Rahbarghazi R. Physiological and pathological consequences of exosomes at the blood-brain-barrier interface. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:118. [PMID: 37208741 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01142-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) interface with multicellular structure controls strictly the entry of varied circulating macromolecules from the blood-facing surface into the brain parenchyma. Under several pathological conditions within the central nervous system, the integrity of the BBB interface is disrupted due to the abnormal crosstalk between the cellular constituents and the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Exosomes (Exos) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles with diverse therapeutic outcomes. These particles transfer a plethora of signaling molecules with the potential to modulate target cell behavior in a paracrine manner. Here, in the current review article, the therapeutic properties of Exos and their potential in the alleviation of compromised BBB structure were discussed. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Salimi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Seyedaghamiri
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimipour
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Halimeh Mobarak
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Mardi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Taghavi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Liang Y, Iqbal Z, Lu J, Wang J, Zhang H, Chen X, Duan L, Xia J. Cell-derived nanovesicle-mediated drug delivery to the brain: Principles and strategies for vesicle engineering. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1207-1224. [PMID: 36245129 PMCID: PMC10188644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing strategies toward safe and effective drug delivery into the central nervous system (CNS) with improved targeting abilities and reduced off-target effects is crucial. CNS-targeted drug carriers made of synthetic molecules raise concerns about their biodegradation, clearance, immune responses, and neurotoxicity. Cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs) have recently been applied in CNS-targeted drug delivery, because of their intrinsic stability, biocompatibility, inherent homing capability, and the ability to penetrate through biological barriers, including the blood-brain barrier. Among these CDNs, extracellular vesicles and exosomes are the most studied because their surface can be engineered and modified to cater to brain targeting. In this review, we focus on the application of CDNs in brain-targeted drug delivery to treat neurological diseases. We cover recently developed methods of exosome derivation and engineering, including exosome-like particles, hybrid exosomes, exosome-associated adeno-associated viruses, and envelope protein nanocages. Finally, we discuss the limitations and project the future development of the CDN-based brain-targeted delivery systems, and conclude that engineered CDNs hold great potential in the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, China
| | - Zoya Iqbal
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, China
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China; EVLiXiR Biotech Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210032, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, China.
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Li CX, Talukder M, Xu YR, Zhu SY, Zhao YX, Li JL. Cadmium aggravates the blood-brain barrier disruption via inhibition of the Wnt7A/β-catenin signaling axis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121400. [PMID: 36878275 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-biodegradable widespread environmental pollutant, which can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cause cerebral toxicity. However, the effect of Cd on the BBB is still unclear. In this study, a total of 80 (1-day-old) Hy-Line white variety chicks (20 chickens/group) were selected and randomly divided into four (4) groups: the control group (Con group) (fed with a basic diet, n = 20), the Cd 35 group (basic diet with 35 mg/kg CdCl2, n = 20), the Cd 70 group (basic diet with 70 mg/kg CdCl2, n = 20) and the Cd 140 group (basic diet with 140 mg/kg CdCl2, n = 20), and fed for 90 days. The pathological changes, factors associated with the BBB, oxidation level and the levels of Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7 A (Wnt7A)/Wnt receptor Frizzled 4 (FZD4)/β-catenin signaling axis-related proteins in brain tissue were detected. Cd exposure induced capillary damage and neuronal swelling, degeneration and loss of neurons. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed the weakened Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis. The protein expression of the Wnt7A, FZD4, and β-catenin was decreased by Cd expusure. Inflammation generation and BBB dysfunction were induced by Cd, as manifested by impaired tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs) formation. These findings underscore that Cd induced BBB dysfunction via disturbing Wnt7A/FZD4/β-catenin signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Ya-Ru Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Shi-Yong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Macedo-Pereira A, Martins C, Lima J, Sarmento B. Digging the intercellular crosstalk via extracellular vesicles: May exosomes be the drug delivery solution for target glioblastoma? J Control Release 2023; 358:98-115. [PMID: 37120033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an adult's most aggressive brain tumor. The advances in molecular pathology and cell signaling pathways have deepened researchers' understanding of intercellular communication mechanisms that can induce tumor progression, namely the release of extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles in various biological fluids released by almost all cells, thus carrying various biomolecules specific to their parental cell. Several pieces of evidence indicate that exosomes mediate intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), valuable tools for diagnostic and therapeutic applications under the scope of brain diseases such as brain tumors. This review aims to resume the several biological characteristics and the interplay between glioblastoma and exosomes, describing highlight studies that demonstrate the role of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment of GBM and their potential for non-invasive diagnoses and therapeutic approaches, namely, as nanocarriers for drug or gene delivery and cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Macedo-Pereira
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo, Allen 208, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Martins
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo, Allen 208, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Lima
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo, Allen 208, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo, Allen 208, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; IUCS - CESPU, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
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Abdelsalam M, Ahmed M, Osaid Z, Hamoudi R, Harati R. Insights into Exosome Transport through the Blood-Brain Barrier and the Potential Therapeutical Applications in Brain Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:571. [PMID: 37111328 PMCID: PMC10144189 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is limited due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a selective physiological barrier located at the brain microvessels that regulates the flow of cells, molecules and ions between the blood and the brain. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles expressed by all cell types and that function as cargos, allowing for communication between the cells. The exosomes were shown to cross or regulate the BBB in healthy and disease conditions. However, the mechanistic pathways by which exosomes cross the BBB have not been fully elucidated yet. In this review, we explore the transport mechanisms of exosomes through the BBB. A large body of evidence suggests that exosome transport through the BBB occurs primarily through transcytosis. The transcytosis mechanisms are influenced by several regulators. Inflammation and metastasis also enhance exosome trafficking across the BBB. We also shed light on the therapeutical applications of exosomes for treating brain diseases. Further investigations are essential to provide clearer insights related to trafficking of exosomes across the BBB and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (M.A.); (Z.O.)
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Munazza Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (M.A.); (Z.O.)
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zaynab Osaid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (M.A.); (Z.O.)
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7EJ, UK
| | - Rania Harati
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (M.A.); (Z.O.)
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Wu KY, Ahmad H, Lin G, Carbonneau M, Tran SD. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041167. [PMID: 37111652 PMCID: PMC10142951 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the field of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has exhibited rapid growth. Due to their regenerative, reparatory, and immunomodulatory capacities, MSCs have been widely investigated as therapeutic agents in the cell-based treatment of chronic ophthalmic pathologies. However, the applicability of MSC-based therapy is limited by suboptimal biocompatibility, penetration, and delivery to the target ocular tissues. An emerging body of research has elucidated the role of exosomes in the biological functions of MSCs, and that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, tissue repairing, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory properties similar to MSCs. The recent advances in MSCs-derived exosomes can serve as solutions to the challenges faced by MSCs-therapy. Due to their nano-dimensions, MSC-derived exosomes can rapidly penetrate biological barriers and reach immune-privileged organs, allowing for efficient delivery of therapeutic factors such as trophic and immunomodulatory agents to ocular tissues that are typically challenging to target by conventional therapy and MSCs transplantation. In addition, the use of EVs minimizes the risks associated with mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. In this literature review, we focus on the studies published between 2017 and 2022, highlighting the characteristics of EVs derived from MSCs and their biological functions in treating anterior and posterior segment ocular diseases. Additionally, we discuss the potential use of EVs in clinical settings. Rapid advancements in regenerative medicine and exosome-based drug delivery, in conjunction with an increased understanding of ocular pathology and pharmacology, hold great promise for the treatment of ocular diseases. The potential of exosome-based therapies is exciting and can revolutionize the way we approach these ocular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Y Wu
- Department of Surgery-Division of Ophthalmology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 2E8, Canada
| | - Hamza Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Grace Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marjorie Carbonneau
- Department of Surgery-Division of Ophthalmology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 2E8, Canada
| | - Simon D Tran
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
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Mardi N, Salahpour-Anarjan F, Nemati M, Shahsavari Baher N, Rahbarghazi R, Zarebkohan A. Exosomes; multifaceted nanoplatform for targeting brain cancers. Cancer Lett 2023; 557:216077. [PMID: 36731592 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
At the moment, anaplastic changes within the brain are challenging due to the complexity of neural tissue, leading to the inefficiency of therapeutic protocols. The existence of a cellular interface, namely the blood-brain barrier (BBB), restricts the entry of several macromolecules and therapeutic agents into the brain. To date, several nano-based platforms have been used in laboratory settings and in vivo conditions to overcome the barrier properties of BBB. Exosomes (Exos) are one-of-a-kind of extracellular vesicles with specific cargo to modulate cell bioactivities in a paracrine manner. Regarding unique physicochemical properties and easy access to various biofluids, Exos provide a favorable platform for drug delivery and therapeutic purposes. Emerging data have indicated that Exos enable brain penetration of selective cargos such as bioactive factors and chemotherapeutic compounds. Along with these statements, the application of smart delivery approaches can increase delivery efficiency and thus therapeutic outcomes. Here, we highlighted the recent advances in the application of Exos in the context of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Mardi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salahpour-Anarjan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Nemati
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Shahsavari Baher
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Heidarzadeh M, Zarebkohan A, Rahbarghazi R, Sokullu E. Protein corona and exosomes: new challenges and prospects. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:64. [PMID: 36973780 PMCID: PMC10041507 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in extracellular vesicle (EVs) detection and isolation methods have led to the development of novel therapeutic modalities. Among different types of EVs, exosomes (Exos) can transfer different signaling biomolecules and exhibit several superior features compared to whole-cell-based therapies. Therapeutic factors are normally loaded into the Exo lumen or attached to their surface for improving the on-target delivery rate and regenerative outcomes. Despite these advantages, there are several limitations in the application of Exos in in vivo conditions. It was suggested that a set of proteins and other biological compounds are adsorbed around Exos in aqueous phases and constitute an external layer named protein corona (PC). Studies have shown that PC can affect the physicochemical properties of synthetic and natural nanoparticles (NPs) after introduction in biofluids. Likewise, PC is generated around EVs, especially Exos in in vivo conditions. This review article is a preliminary attempt to address the interfering effects of PC on Exo bioactivity and therapeutic effects. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Heidarzadeh
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Emel Sokullu
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Biophysics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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Shala AL, Arduino I, Salihu MB, Denora N. Quercetin and Its Nano-Formulations for Brain Tumor Therapy—Current Developments and Future Perspectives for Paediatric Studies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030963. [PMID: 36986827 PMCID: PMC10057501 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient treatments for tumors affecting the central nervous system (CNS) remains an open challenge. Particularly, gliomas are the most malignant and lethal form of brain tumors in adults, causing death in patients just over 6 months after diagnosis without treatment. The current treatment protocol consists of surgery, followed using synthetic drugs and radiation. However, the efficacy of these protocols is associated with side effects, poor prognosis and with a median survival of fewer than two years. Recently, many studies were focused on applying plant-derived products to manage various diseases, including brain cancers. Quercetin is a bioactive compound derived from various fruits and vegetables (asparagus, apples, berries, cherries, onions and red leaf lettuce). Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies highlighted that quercetin through multitargeted molecular mechanisms (apoptosis, necrosis, anti-proliferative activity and suppression of tumor invasion and migration) effectively reduces the progression of tumor cells. This review aims to summarize current developments and recent advances of quercetin’s anticancer potential in brain tumors. Since all reported studies demonstrating the anti-cancer potential of quercetin were conducted using adult models, it is suggested to expand further research in the field of paediatrics. This could offer new perspectives on brain cancer treatment for paediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Loshaj Shala
- Department of Drug Analysis and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Ilaria Arduino
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Orabona St. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Mimoza Basholli Salihu
- Department of Drug Analysis and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Orabona St. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
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43
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Rahmani R, Kiani J, Tong WY, Soleimani M, Voelcker NH, Arefian E. Engineered anti-EGFRvIII targeted exosomes induce apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme. J Drug Target 2023; 31:310-319. [PMID: 36440540 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2152819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The drug delivery for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has been unsatisfactory mainly due to the drug resistance and low targeting efficiency. The selective targeting of GBM cells and using a cocktail of therapeutic agents to synergistically induce apoptosis may help enhance the drug delivery. METHODS In this study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were engineered to produce exosomes, i.e. nanosized natural vesicles presenting anti-EGFRvIII (ab139) antibody on their surface while encapsulating two apoptosis-inducing gene therapy agents, i.e. cytosine deaminase (CDA) and miR-34a. Exosomes were characterised for their size, morphology, protein content and markers using dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis, cryo-TEM, Western blotting, respectively. miR-34a overexpression and Lamp2-ab139 protein expression were analysed using real-time PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. The armed exosomes were delivered to EGFRvIII positive GBM cells (U87EGFRvIII) as well as wild type cell line (U87), which was EGFRvIII negative. Apoptosis was quantified using flow cytometry in both EGFRvIII negative and positive U87 cells, receiving one gene therapy agent (either CDA or miR-34a) or a combination of them (CDAmiR). RESULTS Spherical shape exosomes with an average diameter of 110 nm and a membrane thickness of 6.5 nm were isolated from MSCs. Lamp2-ab139 was successfully expressed on the surface of transfected cells and their secreted exosomes. Induced apoptosis rates was significantly higher in U87EGFRvIII cells than for U87 cells, indicating selectivity. The cell death rate was 6%, 9% and 12% in U87, 13%, 21% and 40% in U87EGFRvIII cells for CDA, miR-34a and CDAmiR treatment respectively, showing a higher apoptosis rate in the cells receiving both drugs compared to when single therapy was applied. CONCLUSION The experimental findings clearly show the improved apoptosis rate of GBM cells when treated by engineered exosomes armed with two gene therapy agents and targeted towards EGFRvIII antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Rahmani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jafar Kiani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wing Yin Tong
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Hematology Department, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Victoria, Australia.,The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Dementia is a syndrome with several possible pathologies. To date, definitive methods for diagnosis and treatment of sub-types of dementia have not been established. Emerging evidence suggests that exosomes can provide important information for the diagnosis and treatment of several subtypes of dementia. This article reviews recent studies on the application of exosomes in dementia. RECENT FINDINGS Exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) through transporting toxic proteins such as amyloid beta (Aβ), tau, and α-synuclein. Exosomal microRNAs (miR) and proteins reflect the disease state, and therefore, exosomes can be used as diagnostic markers for diseases such as AD, PD, Huntington's disease (HD), vascular dementia (VaD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have been shown to ameliorate disease pathology, and improve cognitive function in AD, PD, and VAD. SUMMARY Recent studies have shown that exosomes could be novel diagnostic agents for dementia because they contain molecules that could be potential biomarker candidates indicative of the type and stage of dementia. Therapeutic application of exosomes in dementia has revealed that exosomes only, or exosomes loaded with an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), ameliorate disease phenotype of dementia. Further work is needed to exploit this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Su Joo
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang
| | - Ha Yeong Jeon
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang
| | - Eun Be Hong
- INEXOPLAT, Inc. M2704, 32, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Young Kim
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang
| | - Jung Min Lee
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang
- INEXOPLAT, Inc. M2704, 32, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Zhao Y, Gu Y, Zhang Q, Liu H, Liu Y. The Potential Roles of Exosomes Carrying APP and Tau Cleavage Products in Alzheimer's Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051883. [PMID: 36902671 PMCID: PMC10003549 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia throughout the world. It is characterized by major amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are composed of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), respectively. Exosomes, which are secreted by cells, are single-membrane lipid bilayer vesicles found in bodily fluids and they have a diameter of 30-150 nm. Recently, they have been considered as critical carriers and biomarkers in AD, as they facilitate communication between cells and tissues by delivering proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. This review demonstrates that exosomes are natural nanocontainers that carry APP as well as Tau cleavage products secreted by neuronal cells and that their formation is associated with the endosomal-lysosomal pathway. Moreover, these exosomes can transfer AD pathological molecules and participate in the pathophysiological process of AD; therefore, they have potential diagnostic and therapeutic value for AD and might also provide novel insights for screening and prevention of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yujin Gu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Qili Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China
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46
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Jang YO, Ahn HS, Dao TNT, Hong J, Shin W, Lim YM, Chung SJ, Lee JH, Liu H, Koo B, Kim MG, Kim K, Lee EJ, Shin Y. Magnetic transferrin nanoparticles (MTNs) assay as a novel isolation approach for exosomal biomarkers in neurological diseases. Biomater Res 2023; 27:12. [PMID: 36797805 PMCID: PMC9936675 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived exosomes released into the blood are considered a liquid biopsy to investigate the pathophysiological state, reflecting the aberrant heterogeneous pathways of pathological progression of the brain in neurological diseases. Brain-derived blood exosomes provide promising prospects for the diagnosis of neurological diseases, with exciting possibilities for the early and sensitive diagnosis of such diseases. However, the capability of traditional exosome isolation assays to specifically isolate blood exosomes and to characterize the brain-derived blood exosomal proteins by high-throughput proteomics for clinical specimens from patients with neurological diseases cannot be assured. We report a magnetic transferrin nanoparticles (MTNs) assay, which combined transferrin and magnetic nanoparticles to isolate brain-derived blood exosomes from clinical samples. METHODS The principle of the MTNs assay is a ligand-receptor interaction through transferrin on MTNs and transferrin receptor on exosomes, and electrostatic interaction via positively charged MTNs and negatively charged exosomes to isolate brain-derived blood exosomes. In addition, the MTNs assay is simple and rapid (< 35 min) and does not require any large instrument. We confirmed that the MTNs assay accurately and efficiently isolated exosomes from serum samples of humans with neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Moreover, we isolated exosomes from serum samples of 30 patients with three distinct neurodegenerative diseases and performed unbiased proteomic analysis to explore the pilot value of brain-derived blood protein profiles as biomarkers. RESULTS Using comparative statistical analysis, we found 21 candidate protein biomarkers that were significantly different among three groups of neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSION The MTNs assay is a convenient approach for the specific and affordable isolation of extracellular vesicles from body fluids for minimally-invasive diagnosis of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ok Jang
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Ahn
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Thuy Nguyen Thi Dao
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - JeongYeon Hong
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea ,grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Wangyong Shin
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Lim
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Huifang Liu
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Bonhan Koo
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Gyu Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Jae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Dezhakam E, Khalilzadeh B, Mahdipour M, Isildak I, Yousefi H, Ahmadi M, Naseri A, Rahbarghazi R. Electrochemical biosensors in exosome analysis; a short journey to the present and future trends in early-stage evaluation of cancers. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114980. [PMID: 36521207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of a multiplicity of cells such as cancer cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells within the specific parenchyma. It has been indicated that cancer cells can educate other cells within the tumor niche in a paracrine manner by the release of nano-sized extracellular vesicles namely exosomes (Exo), resulting in accelerated tumor mass growth. It is suggested that exosomal cargo with remarkable information can reflect any changes in metabolic and proteomic profiles in parent tumor cells. Therefore, exosomes can be touted as prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic elements with specific biomarkers in patients with different tumor types. Despite the advantages, conventional exosome separation and purification protocols are time-consuming and laborious with low abnormal morphology and purity rate. During the last decades, biosensor-based modalities, as emerging instruments, have been used to detect and analyze Exo in biofluids. Due to suitable specificity, sensitivity, and real-time readout, biosensors became promising approaches for the analysis of Exo in in vitro and in vivo settings. The inherent advantages and superiority of electrochemical biosensors in the determination of tumor grade based on exosomal cargo and profile were also debated. Present and future challenges were also discussed related to the application of electrochemical biosensors in the clinical setting. In this review, the early detection of several cancer types associated with ovaries, breast, brain, colon, lungs, T and B lymphocytes, liver and rare types of cancers were debated in association with released exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Dezhakam
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ibrahim Isildak
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemistry-Metallurgy, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Naseri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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48
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Muhammad SA, Jaafaru MS, Rabiu S. A Meta-analysis on the Effectiveness of Extracellular Vesicles as Nanosystems for Targeted Delivery of Anticancer Drugs. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1168-1188. [PMID: 36594882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
While the efficacy of anticancer drugs is hampered by low bioavailability and systemic toxicity, the uncertainty remains whether encapsulation of these drugs into natural nanovesicles such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) could improve controlled drug release and efficacy for targeted tumor therapy. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis for studies reporting the efficacy of EVs as nanosystems to deliver drugs and nucleic acid, protein, and virus (NPV) to tumors using the random-effects model. The electronic search of articles was conducted through Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Clinical Trials Registry from inception up till September 2022. The pooled summary estimate and 95% confidence interval of tumor growth inhibition, survival, and tumor targeting were obtained to assess the efficacy. The search yielded a total of 119 studies that met the inclusion criteria having only 1 clinical study. It was observed that the drug-loaded EV was more efficacious than the free drug in reducing tumor volume and weight with the standardized mean difference (SMD) of -1.99 (95% CI: -2.36, -1.63; p < 0.00001) and -2.12 (95% CI: -2.48, -1.77; p < 0.00001). Similarly, the mean estimate of tumor volume and weight for NPV were the following: SMD: -2.30, 95% CI: -3.03, -1.58; p < 0.00001 and SMD: -2.05, 95% CI: -2.79, -1.30; p < 0.00001. Treatment of tumors with EV-loaded anticancer agents also prolonged survival (HR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.22, p < 0.00001). Furthermore, EVs significantly delivered drugs to tumors as revealed by the higher concentration at the tumor site (SMD: -2.73, 95% CI: -3.77, -1.69; p < 0.00001). This meta-analysis revealed that EV-loaded drugs and NPV performed significantly better in tumor growth inhibition with improved survival than the free anticancer agents, suggesting EVs as safe nanoplatforms for targeted tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleiman Alhaji Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, 840104 Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Sani Jaafaru
- Medical Analysis Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001, Iraq
| | - Sulaiman Rabiu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, 840104 Sokoto, Nigeria
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Mardi N, Haiaty S, Rahbarghazi R, Mobarak H, Milani M, Zarebkohan A, Nouri M. Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:19. [PMID: 36691072 PMCID: PMC9868521 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As a common belief, most viruses can egress from the host cells as single particles and transmit to uninfected cells. Emerging data have revealed en bloc viral transmission as lipid bilayer-cloaked particles via extracellular vesicles especially exosomes (Exo). The supporting membrane can be originated from multivesicular bodies during intra-luminal vesicle formation and autophagic response. Exo are nano-sized particles, ranging from 40-200 nm, with the ability to harbor several types of signaling molecules from donor to acceptor cells in a paracrine manner, resulting in the modulation of specific signaling reactions in target cells. The phenomenon of Exo biogenesis consists of multiple and complex biological steps with the participation of diverse constituents and molecular pathways. Due to similarities between Exo biogenesis and virus replication and the existence of shared pathways, it is thought that viruses can hijack the Exo biogenesis machinery to spread and evade immune cells. To this end, Exo can transmit complete virions (as single units or aggregates), separate viral components, and naked genetic materials. The current review article aims to scrutinize challenges and opportunities related to the exosomal delivery of viruses in terms of viral infections and public health. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Mardi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Halimeh Mobarak
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Milani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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50
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Cano A, Muñoz-Morales Á, Sánchez-López E, Ettcheto M, Souto EB, Camins A, Boada M, Ruíz A. Exosomes-Based Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Insights and Future Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010298. [PMID: 36678926 PMCID: PMC9863585 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a group of pathologies whose etiology remains unknown in many cases, and there are no treatments that stop the progression of such diseases. Moreover, the existence of the blood-brain barrier is an impediment to the penetration of exogenous molecules, including those found in many drugs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by a wide variety of cells, and their primary functions include intercellular communication, immune responses, human reproduction, and synaptic plasticity. Due to their natural origin and molecular similarities with most cell types, exosomes have emerged as promising therapeutic tools for numerous diseases. Specifically, neurodegenerative diseases have shown to be a potential target for this nanomedicine strategy due to the difficult access to the brain and the strategy's pathophysiological complexity. In this regard, this review explores the most important biological-origin drug delivery systems, innovative isolation methods of exosomes, their physicochemical characterization, drug loading, cutting-edge functionalization strategies to target them within the brain, the latest research studies in neurodegenerative diseases, and the future challenges of exosomes as nanomedicine-based therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cano
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Álvaro Muñoz-Morales
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Camins
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruíz
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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