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Aguiar A, Santos Cordeiro D, Gaio R, Soares S, Vieira M, Pinto M, Duarte R. 'Sleeping with the enemy': a cross-sectional study on psychological and emotional violence among couples living in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024:fdae258. [PMID: 39271242 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate psychological and emotional violence in relation with sociodemographic characteristics and anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of Portuguese residents. METHODS A cross-sectional online study using snowball sampling collected data on demographics, socioeconomic factors, mental health (anxiety and depression symptoms) and couple psychological and emotional violence. The study spanned three months and included 519 individuals aged 18 or above in a relationship since January 2020 or earlier. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-squared tests, logistic regression models (Odds-Ratio [OR] and 95% Confident Interval [CI]), and cluster analysis (K-medoids) using R software (significance threshold of 0.05). RESULTS The sample was predominantly composed of women (78.8%) with an average age of 36.8 years and 79% holding higher education degrees. Two clusters emerged: Cluster 1 (n = 420) presented fewer psychological and emotional violence victims, while Cluster 2 (n = 99) presented more. Older age (OR = 1.026, 95%CI 1.000-1.052) and depression symptoms (OR = 1.163, 95%CI 1.080-1.252) increased the likelihood of psychological and emotional abuse. Men also had 2.87 times higher odds of being victims (95%CI 0.203-0.599). CONCLUSIONS The study underscores the need for comprehensive interventions and prevention measures to address psychological and emotional violence by acknowledging it as a public health concern and pushing for interdisciplinary methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Aguiar
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Estudo das Populações, ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Santos Cordeiro
- Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Gaio
- Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Matemática, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre nº 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Soares
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Vieira
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Estudo das Populações, ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Pinto
- Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Duarte
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Estudo das Populações, ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Saúde Pública Doutor Gonçalves Ferreira, Instituto de Saúde Pública Doutor Ricardo Jorge - INSA Porto, Rua de Alexandre Herculano nº 321, 4000-053, Porto Portugal
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Agyemang-Duah W, Asare BYA, Adu C, Agyekum AK, Peprah P. Intimate partner violence as a determinant of pregnancy termination among women in unions: evidence from the 2016-2018 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey. J Biosoc Sci 2024; 56:141-154. [PMID: 37211884 DOI: 10.1017/s002193202300007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is a demonstrated link between intimate partner violence (IPV) and pregnancy termination, and this association has received much attention in developed settings. Despite the high prevalence of IPV in Papua New Guinea (PNG), little is known about the association between these experiences and pregnancy termination. This study examined the association between IPV and pregnancy termination in PNG. The present study used population-based data from the PNG's first Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 2016-2018. The analysis involved women aged 15-49 years who were in intimate unions (married or co-habiting). We used binary logistic regression modelling to analyse the association between IPV and pregnancy termination. Results were reported as crude odds ratios (cOR) and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall, 6.3% of women involved in this study had ever terminated a pregnancy, and 6 in 10 women (61.5%) reported having experienced IPV in the last 12 months preceding the survey. Of those women who experienced IPV, 7.4% had ever terminated a pregnancy. Women who had experienced IPV had a 1.75 higher odds of reporting pregnancy termination (cOR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.29-2.37) than women who did not experience IPV. After controlling for theoretically and empirically relevant socio-demographic and economic factors, IPV remained a strong and significant determinant of pregnancy termination (aOR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.22-2.30). The strong association between IPV and pregnancy termination among women in intimate unions in PNG calls for targeted policies and interventions that address the high prevalence of IPV. The provision of comprehensive sexual reproductive health, public education, and awareness creation on the consequences of IPV, regular assessment, and referral to appropriate services for IPV may reduce the incidence of pregnancy termination in PNG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williams Agyemang-Duah
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah Asare
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth, Australia
- Institute of Applied of Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Collins Adu
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Disability Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Center for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales2052, Australia
| | - Amma Kyewaa Agyekum
- Department of Construction Technology and Management, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Prince Peprah
- Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales2052, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales2052, Australia
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Bush SS, Dutt A, Fernández AL, Łojek E, McDonald S, Schrieff-Brown L. Ethical issues in clinical neuropsychology: International diversity perspectives. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37972552 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2023.2278153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Much of the information about the ethical practice of clinical neuropsychology has focused on North America. Additionally, of the scholarly publications on the intersection of ethical issues and cultural diversity practices in neuropsychology, most have focused on North America. The extent to which practitioners in other parts of the world are aware of, and find useful, such information is largely unknown. Similarly, the extent to which North American neuropsychologists are familiar with ethical issues and challenges encountered around the world is unknown. The purpose of this article is to advance the discussion of ethical issues in clinical neuropsychology from an international diversity perspective. METHOD The article presents, via a panel interview format, the thoughts and experiences of a small sample of neuropsychologists who represent all continents except North America (and Antarctica). RESULTS Neuropsychologists across continents share an ethical commitment to providing services that are beneficial, and not harmful, to the recipients of the services. Professional competence is at the heart of such services. CONCLUSIONS Through continued and expanded dialogue about ethical issues with neuropsychology colleagues around the world, the potential exists for improvement in the provision of effective and compassionate care in our own towns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane S Bush
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
- Long Island Neuropsychology, Lake Ronkonkoma, NY, USA
| | - Aparna Dutt
- Neuropsychology & Clinical Psychology Unit, Duttanagar Mental Health Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Alberto Luis Fernández
- Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Emilia Łojek
- Faculty of Psychology, Head of the Neuropsychological Section Polish Psychological Association, Vice-Dean for Research, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Cadri A, Aboagye RG, Boadu Frimpong J, Yeboah PA, Seidu AA, Ahinkorah BO. Partner alcohol consumption and intimate partner violence among women in Papua New Guinea: a cross-sectional analysis of Demographic and Health Survey. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066486. [PMID: 36918235 PMCID: PMC10016301 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the association between partner alcohol consumption and the experience of intimate partner violence among women in Papua New Guinea. DESIGN We performed a cross-sectional analyses of data extracted from the 2016-2018 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey. We included 3319 women in sexual unions. Multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between partner alcohol consumption and intimate partner violence, controlling for the covariates. Results from the regression analysis were presented using the crude odds ratios (cORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). SETTING Papua New Guinea. PARTICIPANTS Women aged 15-49 years in sexual unions. OUTCOME MEASURES Physical, emotional, and sexual violence. RESULTS The prevalence of physical, emotional and sexual violence among women in sexual unions in Papua New Guinea were 45.9% (42.4 to 47.7), 45.1% (43.4 to 46.8) and 24.3% (22.9 to 25.8), respectively. The level of partner alcohol consumption was 57.3%. Women whose partners consumed alcohol were more likely to experience physical violence (aOR=2.86, 95% CI=2.43 to 3.37), emotional violence (aOR=2.89, 95% CI=2.44 to 3.43) and sexual violence (aOR=2.56, 95% CI=2.08 to 3.16) compared with those whose partners did not consume alcohol. CONCLUSION This study found a relatively high prevalence of intimate partner violence among women in Papua New Guinea. Most importantly, this study found partner alcohol consumption to be significantly and positively associated with intimate partner violence. The study, therefore, recommends that interventions seeking to reduce intimate partner violence among women in Papua New Guinea should intensify behaviour change and education on reducing or eliminating partner alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Cadri
- Department of Social and Behavioural Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard Gyan Aboagye
- Department of Family and Community Health, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - James Boadu Frimpong
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Paa Akonor Yeboah
- Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Gender and Advocacy, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi, Ghana
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