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Luo L, Yang LS, Huang JH, Jiang SG, Zhou FL, Li YD, Jiang S, Yang QB. Effects of Different Salinity Stress on the Transcriptomic Responses of Freshwater Crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii, Girard, 1852). BIOLOGY 2024; 13:530. [PMID: 39056722 PMCID: PMC11273973 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Salinization of freshwater ecosystems is a pressing global issue. Changes in salinity can exert severe pressure on aquatic animals and jeopardize their survival. Procambarus clarkii is a valuable freshwater aquaculture species that exhibits some degree of salinity tolerance, making it an excellent research model for freshwater aquaculture species facing salinity stress. In the present study, crayfish were exposed to acute low salt (6 ppt) and high salt (18 ppt) conditions. The organisms were continuously monitored at 6, 24, and 72 h using RNA-Seq to investigate the mechanisms of salt stress resistance. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the crayfish responded to salinity stress with numerous differentially expressed genes, and most of different expression genes was observed in high salinity group for 24h. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that metabolic pathways were the primary response pathways in crayfish under salinity stress. This suggests that crayfish may use metabolic pathways to compensate for energy loss caused by osmotic stress. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed the differential expression of immune and antioxidant-related pathway genes under salinity stress, implying that salinity stress induces immune disorders in crayfish. More genes related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, such as the Foxo, Wnt, Hippo, and Notch signaling pathways, responded to high-salinity stress. This suggests that regulating the cellular replication cycle and accelerating apoptosis may be necessary for crayfish to cope with high-salinity stress. Additionally, we identified 36 solute carrier family (SLC) genes related to ion transport, depicting possible ion exchange mechanisms in crayfish under salinity stress. These findings aimed to establish a foundation for understanding crustacean responses to salinity stress and their osmoregulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (L.L.); (J.-H.H.); (S.-G.J.); (F.-L.Z.); (Y.-D.L.); (S.J.)
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518108, China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Li-Shi Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (L.L.); (J.-H.H.); (S.-G.J.); (F.-L.Z.); (Y.-D.L.); (S.J.)
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518108, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China;
| | - Jian-Hua Huang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (L.L.); (J.-H.H.); (S.-G.J.); (F.-L.Z.); (Y.-D.L.); (S.J.)
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Shi-Gui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (L.L.); (J.-H.H.); (S.-G.J.); (F.-L.Z.); (Y.-D.L.); (S.J.)
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Fa-Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (L.L.); (J.-H.H.); (S.-G.J.); (F.-L.Z.); (Y.-D.L.); (S.J.)
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Yun-Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (L.L.); (J.-H.H.); (S.-G.J.); (F.-L.Z.); (Y.-D.L.); (S.J.)
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Song Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (L.L.); (J.-H.H.); (S.-G.J.); (F.-L.Z.); (Y.-D.L.); (S.J.)
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Qi-Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China;
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Liu C, Sun Y, Hong X, Yu F, Yang Y, Wang A, Gu Z. Effects of Ammonia and Salinity Stress on Non-Volatile and Volatile Compounds of Ivory Shell ( Babylonia areolata). Foods 2023; 12:3200. [PMID: 37685133 PMCID: PMC10486454 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the flavor compounds of ivory shell (Babylonia areolata) and their changes caused by ammonia and salinity stresses were studied. Ammonia stress improved the contents of free amino acids (FAAs), 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP), citric acid, and some mineral ions such as Na+, PO43-, and Cl-. The FAA contents decreased with increasing salinity, while the opposite results were observed in most inorganic ions (e.g., K+, Na+, Mg2+, Mn2+, PO43-, and Cl-). Hyposaline and hypersaline stresses increased the AMP and citric acid contents compared to the control group. The equivalent umami concentration (EUC) values were 3.53-5.14 g monosodium glutamate (MSG)/100 g of wet weight, and the differences in EUC values among treatments were mainly caused by AMP. Hexanal, butanoic acid, and 4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy- and (E, E)-3,5-octadien-2-one were the top three volatile compounds, and their profiles were significantly affected when ivory shells were cultured under different ammonia and salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Liu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572022, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.)
- College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.S.); (X.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Yunchao Sun
- College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.S.); (X.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Xin Hong
- College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.S.); (X.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Feng Yu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572022, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.)
- College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.S.); (X.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Yi Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572022, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.)
- College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.S.); (X.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Aimin Wang
- College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.S.); (X.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572022, China; (F.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.)
- College of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.S.); (X.H.); (A.W.)
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Fish Diversity in Relation to Salinity Gradient in the Meghna River Estuary, Bangladesh. CONSERVATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/conservation2030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation in salinity is one of the major environmental factors influencing the species diversity of fish in an estuary. Therefore, evaluating the relationship between salinity and species diversity is important. In this study, fish diversity was assessed by fish sampling and visiting local fish markets from February to November 2021. Mean salinity was 10.59 psu (Practical Salinity Unit) and 0.46 psu during the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Harpadon nehereus, Odontamblyopus rubicundus and Pseudapocryptes elongatus species were found as polyhaline (0.06~18.1 psu) species. Anguilla japonica and Arius gagora were abundant in brackish water conditions (0.35~14.2 psu). However, Acanthopagrus latus and Setipinna phasa were found in freshwater conditions (0.06~0.11 psu). The suitability index indicates that commercially important fish species such as Liza parsia, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Mugil cephalus, Penaeus monodon and Scylla serrata can be used for mariculture during the dry season, and Acanthopagrus latus, Pethia canius and Setipinna phasa during the wet season. Overall, these findings suggest that salinity, water temperature, and chlorophyll-a had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the fish distribution and assemblage composition in the study area. This finding will be helpful in developing policies for the conservation and management of the aquatic resources in the coastal zone to enrich the blue economy.
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Li Y, Pan L, Tong R, Li Y, Li Z, Chen Y. Effects of ammonia-N stress on molecular mechanisms associated with immune behavior changes in the haemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei. Mol Immunol 2022; 149:1-12. [PMID: 35696848 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.05.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High concentration of ammonia-N will inhibit the immune defense of aquatic animals. The neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) regulatory mechanism under ammonia-N stress has been systematically studied, but the final response mechanism of ammonia-N affecting the immune system remains unclear. To investigate the relationship among immune factors of Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei) exposed to 0, 2, 10 and 20 mg/L ammonia-N, the determination of complement components, C-type lectins, proPO system, signal transduction pathway and phagocytosis as well as exocytosis were performed. The results showed that the expressions of complement components including C1q, MBL, ficolin and alpha-2 macroglobulin (A2M) and the complement receptor integrin were decreased significantly in ammonia-N treatment groups at 6,12 and 24 h. C-type lectins and signal transduction factors changed significantly. The decrease of phagocytosis-related genes and phagocytic activity were similar to the changes of complement components, C-type lectins and the signal pathway. The mRNA abundance of exocytosis-related genes was significantly down-regulated under ammonia-N exposure. Correspondingly, significantly changes occurred in the expressions of PPAE and PPO3, immune factors-related genes (Pen3, crustin, stylicins, ALFs and LYC) and inflammatory factors (HSP90, TNFα, IL-16) in haemocytes. Eventually, the serine proteinase activity, PO activity, antibacterial activity and bacteriolytic activity in plasma were decreased significantly. In addition, we speculated that under ammonia-N stress, phagocytosis and exocytosis were affected by complement components, and C-type lectins through intracellular signal transduction pathway. Complement components may involve in the regulation of proPO-activating system to response to ammonia-N stress. This study helped to further understanding the relationship among immune factors of crustacean in response to environmental stress, which implied that when it comes to the decrease of immunity affected by environmental stress, we should not only focus on the mechanism of upstream neuroendocrine response, but also pay attention to the role of immune factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ruixue Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuanjing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Guo K, Ruan G, Fan W, Fang L, Wang Q, Luo M, Yi T. The effect of nitrite and sulfide on the antioxidant capacity and microbial composition of the intestines of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:290-296. [PMID: 31765791 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite and sulfide are harmful pollutants in water ecosystems that negatively influence the survival and growth of crayfish. It is currently known that the intestine of crustaceans acts as a significant immune organ, serving as the front line of defense against diseases. In this study, we investigated how the oxidative damage parameters, antioxidant status and microbial composition of the intestine of Procambarus clarkii were influenced under acute nitrite (60 mg/L) and sulfide (18 mg/L) stress for 72 h. Compared with the control, after exposure to nitrite and sulfide stress, the production of reactive oxygen species, and the lipid peroxide and malondialdehyde contents increased in the intestines and were significantly higher after 72 h of exposure. The superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities increased to maximum levels at 6, 24 and 12 h, respectively. These activities then decreased gradually and were significantly lower than those of the control after 48 or 72 h of exposure. In the crayfish exposed to stress, the expression of antioxidant genes including heat shock protein 70, ferritin and metallothionein increased to their maximum values at 12, 48 and 12 h, respectively. The expression levels then decreased gradually, and after 72 h, were lower than, or lacked significant differences with, the expression levels in the control. Additionally, nitrite and sulfide exposure restructured the intestinal microbial community of P. clarkii. This led to decreases in the abundance of some genera such as Citrobacter. However, the abundance of other genera, such as Shewanella and Acinetobacter, increased. Therefore, the health of P. clarkii was seriously impaired when exposed to nitrite and sulfide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Guoliang Ruan
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China; Hubei Research Institute of Aquatic Industry Technology, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China.
| | - Wenhao Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Liu Fang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China; Hubei Research Institute of Aquatic Industry Technology, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Mingzhong Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
| | - Tilin Yi
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China; Hubei Research Institute of Aquatic Industry Technology, Jingzhou, 434000, PR China
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Jiang L, Feng J, Ying R, Yin F, Pei S, Lu J, Cao Y, Guo J, Li Z. Individual and combined effects of ammonia-N and sulfide on the immune function and intestinal microbiota of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:230-240. [PMID: 31200069 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the individual and combined effects of ammonia-N and sulfide stress (1 mg/L sulfide and 15 mg/L ammonia-N) on the oxidation resistance, immune response and intestinal health of Litopenaeus vannamei during 72 h exposure. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malonaldehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity (CAT), the immune-relative gene (caspase-3, hsp70 and IMD) expression in hepatopancreas and intestine of L.vannamei and the intestinal microbiota were measured. The result showed that MDA and NO contents in hepatopancreas of L. vannamei in all treatment groups increased and remain were at high levels at the end of the stress exposure. The L. vannamei employ antioxidant defense system by increasing the activities of T-AOC, SOD and CAT enzymes in hepatopancereas and intestine to reduce oxidant damage. More severe damages with combined ammonia-N and sulfide stress to antioxidant systems were observed. The gene expression results also demonstrated that antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei was severely impaired and the apoptosis cell was initiated under the ammonia-N and sulfide stress. In addition, the environmental stress also reshaped the intestinal microbial community structure of L. vannamei that a number of original genera decreased, such as Cellvibrio, Vibrio and Rheinheimera; some new genera increased or appeared, such as Photobacterium in all treatment groups, Arcobacter and Fusibacter in sulfide stress group. Therefore, the health of L. vannamei was severely impacted when exposed to the stress of ammonia nitrogen and sulfide and these two factors can have weak synergic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jianxiang Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Rui Ying
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Fangmin Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Surui Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Jianguo Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yiting Cao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, 510303, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, 510303, China
| | - Zufu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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