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Kırdök E, Kashuba N, Damlien H, Manninen MA, Nordqvist B, Kjellström A, Jakobsson M, Lindberg AM, Storå J, Persson P, Andersson B, Aravena A, Götherström A. Metagenomic analysis of Mesolithic chewed pitch reveals poor oral health among stone age individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 13:22125. [PMID: 38238372 PMCID: PMC10796427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48762-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Prehistoric chewed pitch has proven to be a useful source of ancient DNA, both from humans and their microbiomes. Here we present the metagenomic analysis of three pieces of chewed pitch from Huseby Klev, Sweden, that were dated to 9,890-9,540 before present. The metagenomic profile exposes a Mesolithic oral microbiome that includes opportunistic oral pathogens. We compared the data with healthy and dysbiotic microbiome datasets and we identified increased abundance of periodontitis-associated microbes. In addition, trained machine learning models predicted dysbiosis with 70-80% probability. Moreover, we identified DNA sequences from eukaryotic species such as red fox, hazelnut, red deer and apple. Our results indicate a case of poor oral health during the Scandinavian Mesolithic, and show that pitch pieces have the potential to provide information on material use, diet and oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Kırdök
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, 33100 Yenişehir, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Natalija Kashuba
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, Engelska Parken, Thunbergsvägen 3H Box 626, 751 26, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hege Damlien
- Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, St. Olavs Plass, P.O. Box 6762, NO-0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mikael A Manninen
- PAES, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, P.O. Box 65, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bengt Nordqvist
- Foundation War-Booty Site Finnestorp, Klarinettvägen 75, 434 75, Kungsbacka, Sweden
| | - Anna Kjellström
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Osteoarchaeological Research Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Department of Organismal Biology, Human Evolution, Uppsala University, Evolutionsbiologiskt Centrum EBC Norbyvägen 18 A, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Michael Lindberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Hus Vita, 44018, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Jan Storå
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Osteoarchaeological Research Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Persson
- Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, St. Olavs Plass, P.O. Box 6762, NO-0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB), Karolinska Insitutet, P.O. Box 285, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrés Aravena
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anders Götherström
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Archaeological Research Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Niu Y, Zhang C, Sun Y, Dong L, Si Y, Yang J, Zhu P, Yang F. Symbiotic relationship between Prevotella denticola and Streptococcus mutans enhances virulence of plaque biofilms. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 151:105714. [PMID: 37141746 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore that whether interactions between Prevotella denticola and Streptococcus mutans could promote the establishment of hypervirulent biofilms on teeth surface and eventually influence the occurrence and development of caries. DESIGN Based on single-species biofilms of either P. denticola or S. mutans, and dual-species biofilms of both bacteria, we compared the virulence properties associated with cariogenicity in vitro, including carbohydrate metabolism and acid productivity, synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides, biomass and architecture of biofilms, level of enamel demineralization and expression of virulence genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism and adhesion in S. mutans. RESULTS The data demonstrated that, compared to single-species of above two taxa, dual-species produced lactate by metabolizing carbohydrates at a higher level during the observation period. Moreover, dual-species biofilms accrued more biomass and exhibited more dense microcolonies and abundant extracellular matrix. And it's noticeable that the level of enamel demineralization in dual-species biofilms was more augmented than that of single-species. In addition, the presence of P. denticola induced the expression of virulence genes gtfs and gbpB in S. mutans. CONCLUSIONS Symbiotic relationship between P. denticola and S. mutans enhances caries-associated virulence of plaque biofilms, which might provide new strategies for effective prevention and treatment of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Niu
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yanfei Sun
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuan Si
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China.
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Yang B, Song B, Liang J, Zhou X, Ren B, Peng X, Han Q, Li M, Cheng L. pH-responsive DMAEM Monomer for dental caries inhibition. Dent Mater 2023; 39:497-503. [PMID: 37019743 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous research indicated that there is an aggregate of microorganism in oral cavity which takes part in promoting the occurrence of dental caries, but few studies on anticaries materials for these 'core microbiome' were developed. And We've found that DMAEM monomer has an obvious inhibitory effect on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and saliva biofilm, but the effect of that on the "core microbiome" of caries need further research. Thus, the objectives of this study were to explore the effect of DMAEM monomer on the core microbiota of dental caries, and to further study its anticaries effect. The changes of microbial structure and metabolic activity of the core microbiota biofilm were detected through measuring lactic acid yield, viable bacteria counts and demineralization depth, et al., and the anticaries potential in vivo of DMAEM monomer was evaluated by rat caries model. Meanwhile, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the microbial diversity change of saliva samples of rats. The results showed that DMAEM monomer could inhibit the growth of the core microbiota biofilm, decrease the metabolic activity and the acid production, as well as reduce the ability of demineralization under acidic conditions. Moreover, the degree of caries in the DMAEM group was significantly reduced, and the diversity and the evenness of oral microecology in the rats were statistically higher. In summary, DMAEM monomer could respond to acidic environment, significantly inhibit the cariogenic ability of the 'core microbiome' of caries, and help to maintain the microecological balance of oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bina Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China school of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of stomatology, Zhongshan hospital of Xiamen University, Medical college of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Bingqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China school of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingou Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pediatrics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China school of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pathology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China school of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China school of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China school of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Moraes MM, Mendes TT, Borges L, Marques AL, Núñez-Espinosa C, Gonçalves DAP, Simões CB, Vieira TS, Ladeira RVP, Lourenço TGB, Ribeiro DV, Hatanaka E, Heller D, Arantes RME. A 7-Week Summer Camp in Antarctica Induces Fluctuations on Human Oral Microbiome, Pro-Inflammatory Markers and Metabolic Hormones Profile. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020339. [PMID: 36838304 PMCID: PMC9960157 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antarctic camps pose psychophysiological challenges related to isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) conditions, including meals composed of sealed food. ICE conditions can influence the microbiome and inflammatory responses. Seven expeditioners took part in a 7-week Antarctic summer camp (Nelson Island) and were evaluated at Pre-Camp (i.e., at the beginning of the ship travel), Camp-Initial (i.e., 4th and 5th day in camp), Camp-Middle (i.e., 19th-20th, and 33rd-34th days), Camp-Final (i.e., 45th-46th day), and at the Post-Camp (on the ship). At the Pre-Camp, Camp-Initial, and Camp-Final, we assessed microbiome and inflammatory markers. Catecholamines were accessed Pre- and Post-Camp. Heart rate variability (HRV), leptin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroxine (T4) were accessed at all time points. Students' t-tests or repeated-measures analysis of variance (one or two-way ANOVA) followed by Student-Newman-Keuls (post hoc) were used for parametric analysis. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for non-parametric analysis. Microbiome analysis showed a predominance of Pseudomonadota (34.01%), Bacillota (29.82%), and Bacteroidota (18.54%), followed by Actinomycetota (5.85%), and Fusobacteria (5.74%). Staying in a long-term Antarctic camp resulted in microbiome fluctuations with a reduction in Pseudomonadota-a "microbial signature" of disease. However, the pro-inflammatory marker leptin and IL-8 tended to increase, and the angiogenic factor VEGF was reduced during camp. These results suggest that distinct Antarctic natural environments and behavioral factors modulate oral microbiome and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M. Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NUPAD-FM/UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago T. Mendes
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil
| | - Leandro Borges
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 01506-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Alice L. Marques
- Post-Graduation Program in Social Sciences in Development, Culture and Society of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
- Austral Integrative Neurophysiology Group, Centro Asistencial Docente y de Investigación, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
| | - Dawit A. P. Gonçalves
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Sports Training Center, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina B. Simões
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Sports Training Center, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Tales S. Vieira
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto V. P. Ladeira
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NUPAD-FM/UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Talita G. B. Lourenço
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Danielle V. Ribeiro
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, SP, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Studies in Dentistry, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 430-0926, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Hatanaka
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 01506-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Debora Heller
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, SP, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Studies in Dentistry, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 430-0926, SP, Brazil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NUPAD-FM/UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(31)-999037400
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5
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Cheng L, Zhang L, Yue L, Ling J, Fan M, Yang D, Huang Z, Niu Y, Liu J, Zhao J, Li Y, Guo B, Chen Z, Zhou X. Expert consensus on dental caries management. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:17. [PMID: 35361749 PMCID: PMC8971510 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental Caries is a kind of chronic oral disease that greatly threaten human being's health. Though dentists and researchers struggled for decades to combat this oral disease, the incidence and prevalence of dental caries remain quite high. Therefore, improving the disease management is a key issue for the whole population and life cycle management of dental caries. So clinical difficulty assessment system of caries prevention and management is established based on dental caries diagnosis and classification. Dentists should perform oral examination and establish dental records at each visit. When treatment plan is made on the base of caries risk assessment and carious lesion activity, we need to work out patient‑centered and personalized treatment planning to regain oral microecological balance, to control caries progression and to restore the structure and function of the carious teeth. And the follow-up visits are made based on personalized caries management. This expert consensus mainly discusses caries risk assessment, caries treatment difficulty assessment and dental caries treatment plan, which are the most important parts of caries management in the whole life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Yue
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingwen Fan
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deqin Yang
- College of Stomathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University & Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, and College of Stomatology of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Stomatology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Mohamed N, Litlekalsøy J, Ahmed IA, Martinsen EMH, Furriol J, Javier-Lopez R, Elsheikh M, Gaafar NM, Morgado L, Mundra S, Johannessen AC, Osman TAH, Nginamau ES, Suleiman A, Costea DE. Analysis of Salivary Mycobiome in a Cohort of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients From Sudan Identifies Higher Salivary Carriage of Malassezia as an Independent and Favorable Predictor of Overall Survival. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:673465. [PMID: 34712619 PMCID: PMC8547610 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.673465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microbial dysbiosis and microbiome-induced inflammation have emerged as important factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumorigenesis during the last two decades. However, the “rare biosphere” of the oral microbiome, including fungi, has been sparsely investigated. This study aimed to characterize the salivary mycobiome in a prospective Sudanese cohort of OSCC patients and to explore patterns of diversities associated with overall survival (OS). Materials and Methods Unstimulated saliva samples (n = 72) were collected from patients diagnosed with OSCC (n = 59) and from non-OSCC control volunteers (n = 13). DNA was extracted using a combined enzymatic–mechanical extraction protocol. The salivary mycobiome was assessed using a next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methodology by amplifying the ITS2 region. The impact of the abundance of different fungal genera on the survival of OSCC patients was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression survival analyses (SPPS). Results Sixteen genera were identified exclusively in the saliva of OSCC patients. Candida, Malassezia, Saccharomyces, Aspergillus, and Cyberlindnera were the most relatively abundant fungal genera in both groups and showed higher abundance in OSCC patients. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed higher salivary carriage of the Candida genus significantly associated with poor OS of OSCC patients (Breslow test: p = 0.043). In contrast, the higher salivary carriage of Malassezia showed a significant association with favorable OS in OSCC patients (Breslow test: p = 0.039). The Cox proportional hazards multiple regression model was applied to adjust the salivary carriage of both Candida and Malassezia according to age (p = 0.029) and identified the genus Malassezia as an independent predictor of OS (hazard ratio = 0.383, 95% CI = 0.16–0.93, p = 0.03). Conclusion The fungal compositional patterns in saliva from OSCC patients were different from those of individuals without OSCC. The fungal genus Malassezia was identified as a putative prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazar Mohamed
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Department of Basic Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Jorunn Litlekalsøy
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Israa Abdulrahman Ahmed
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Science & Technology, Omdurman, Sudan
| | | | - Jessica Furriol
- Department of Nephrology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ruben Javier-Lopez
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mariam Elsheikh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Department of Basic Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Nuha Mohamed Gaafar
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Department of Basic Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Luis Morgado
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene), Department of Biosciences, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sunil Mundra
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene), Department of Biosciences, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anne Christine Johannessen
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Laboratory Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tarig Al-Hadi Osman
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Sivy Nginamau
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Laboratory Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ahmed Suleiman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Department of Basic Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Daniela Elena Costea
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Laboratory Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Adler CJ, Cao KAL, Hughes T, Kumar P, Austin C. How does the early life environment influence the oral microbiome and determine oral health outcomes in childhood? Bioessays 2021; 43:e2000314. [PMID: 34151446 PMCID: PMC9084494 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The first 1000 days of life, from conception to 2 years, are a critical window for the influence of environmental exposures on the assembly of the oral microbiome, which is the precursor to dental caries (decay), one of the most prevalent microbially induced disorders worldwide. While it is known that the human microbiome is susceptible to environmental exposures, there is limited understanding of the impact of prenatal and early childhood exposures on the oral microbiome trajectory and oral health. A barrier has been the lack of technology to directly measure the foetal "exposome", which includes nutritional and toxic exposures crossing the placenta. Another barrier has been the lack of statistical methods to account for the high dimensional data generated by-omic assays. Through identifying which early life exposures influence the oral microbiome and modify oral health, these findings can be translated into interventions to reduce dental decay prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Jane Adler
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kim-Anh Lê Cao
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Toby Hughes
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Piyush Kumar
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christine Austin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Abstract
A previous longitudinal study about using microbiome as a caries indicator has successfully predicted early childhood caries (ECC) in healthy individuals, but there is no evidence to verify the composition of core microbiota and its pathogenicity in vitro and in vivo. Biofilm acidogenicity, S. mutans count, and biofilm composition were estimated by pH evaluation, colony-forming unit, and quantitative PCR, respectively. Extracellular polysaccharide production and enamel demineralization were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and transverse microradiography (TMR), respectively. A rat caries model was established for dental caries formation in vivo, and caries lesions were quantified by Keyes Scoring. We put forward that microbiota including Veillonella parvula, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella denticola, and Leptotrichia wadei served as the predictors for ECC may be the core microbiota in ECC. This study found that the core microbiota of ECC produced limited acid, but promoted growth and acidogenic ability of S. mutans. Besides, core microbiota could help to promote the development of biofilms. Moreover, the core microbiota enhanced the enamel demineralization in vitro and increased cariogenic potential in vivo. These results proved that core microbiota could promote the development of dental caries and plays an important role in the development of ECC.
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Zheng H, Xie T, Li S, Qiao X, Lu Y, Feng Y. Analysis of oral microbial dysbiosis associated with early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:181. [PMID: 33827534 PMCID: PMC8028703 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background "Core microbes" play a key role in the development of caries and lead to microbial disorders. Our goal was to detect the core microbes associated with the microbiota imbalance in early childhood caries (ECC). Methods Fifteen caries-free children and fifteen high-caries (DMFT ≥ 10) children aged 4–6 years old were recruited according to the diagnostic criteria of caries suggested by the WHO. The 16S rRNA genes from samples of plaque in saliva were amplified by PCR, and the PCR products were sequenced by the Illumina Miseq platform. The sequencing results were analyzed by professional software to determine the composition and structure of the saliva microorganisms. Results There were statistically significant differences between the groups regarding the relative abundance of Streptococcus mutans (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups regarding other species or functional genes. Conclusion S. mutans, together with other pathogens, may play a prominent role and act as "core microbes" in the occurrence and development of early childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zheng
- Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University and Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Xie
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaokai Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Qiao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youguang Lu
- Institute of Stomatology and Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Middle Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
| | - Yan Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Middle Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
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Bach LL, Ram A, Ijaz UZ, Evans TJ, Lindström J. A Longitudinal Study of the Human Oropharynx Microbiota Over Time Reveals a Common Core and Significant Variations With Self-Reported Disease. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:573969. [PMID: 33552004 PMCID: PMC7861042 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of human microbial communities, in particular in regard to diseases is advancing, yet the basic understanding of the microbiome in healthy subjects over time remains limited. The oropharynx is a key target for colonization by several important human pathogens. To understand how the oropharyngeal microbiome might limit infections, and how intercurrent infections might be associated with its composition, we characterized the oropharyngeal microbiome of 18 healthy adults, sampled weekly over a 40-weeks using culture-independent molecular techniques. We detected nine phyla, 202 genera and 1438 assignments on OTU level, dominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria on phylum level. Individual microbiomes of participants were characterized by levels of high alpha diversity (mean = 204.55 OTUs, sd = 35.64), evenness (19.83, sd = 9.74) and high temporal stability (mean Pearson's correlation between samples of 0.52, sd = 0.060), with greater differences in microbiome community composition between than within individuals. Significant changes in community composition were associated with disease states, suggesting that it is possible to detect specific changes in OTU abundance and community composition during illness. We defined the common core microbiota by varying occurrence and abundance thresholds showing that individual core microbiomes share a substantial number of OTUs across participants, chiefly Streptococci and Veillonella. Our results provide insights into the microbial communities that characterize the healthy human oropharynx, community structure and variability, and provide new approaches to define individual and shared cores. The wider implications of this result include the potential for modeling the general dynamics of oropharynx microbiota both in health and in response to antimicrobial treatments or probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Luise Bach
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Asha Ram
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Umer Z. Ijaz
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J. Evans
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Lindström
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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11
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Rangel TP, Reis AA, Caponi L, Pena LCS, Ruiz KGS, Santamaria MP, Mathias-Santamaria IF, Casati MZ, Casarin RCV. Subgingival endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid modulate cytokine production in diabetic subjects: A Case-control Study. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1325-1333. [PMID: 33012042 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (DM) are highly prevalent and interrelated diseases, resulting in altered host response microbiota. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of DM on local levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and their relationship with cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases' (MMPs) profile. METHODS This case-control study included diabetic (n = 15) and non-diabetic (n = 15) subjects presenting Stage 3-4, Grade C, Periodontitis. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected, and LPS and LTA levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-4, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were measured by LUMINEX/MAGpix. Mann-Whitney and Spearman's correlation tests were used to compared and to correlate variables (p < 0.05). RESULTS Higher levels of LTA, LPS, IL-10, IL-1β, and MMP-2 (p < 0.05) and lower levels of IL-17 were found in the DM group (p < 0.05). Non-diabetic subjects presented higher LPS, IFN-γ, IL-17, and MMP-2 levels and lower IL-10 concentration (p < 0.05). No significant correlation was seen between LPS and cytokine profile in non-diabetic. Local levels of LTA were positively correlated with IL-17 and MMP-2 and negatively with IL-10. CONCLUSION LTA and LPS drove the inflammatory profile through the modulation of cytokines and MMPs in a different manner in DM and non-diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago P Rangel
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Dental School of Piracicaba, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Aurelio A Reis
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Dental School of Piracicaba, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lara Caponi
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Dental School of Piracicaba, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Larissa C S Pena
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Dental School of Piracicaba, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Karina G S Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Dental School of Piracicaba, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mauro P Santamaria
- Division of Periodontology, FOSJC, College of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio Z Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Dental School of Piracicaba, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Renato C V Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Dental School of Piracicaba, Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil
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12
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Liu BY, Liu J, Zhang D, Yang ZL, Feng YP, Wang M. Effect of silver diammine fluoride on micro-ecology of plaque from extensive caries of deciduous teeth - in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:151. [PMID: 32448221 PMCID: PMC7247265 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism of action of silver diammine fluoride (SDF) on plaque micro-ecology is seldom studied. This study investigated micro-ecological changes in dental plaque on extensive caries of deciduous teeth after topical SDF treatment. Methods Deciduous teeth with extensive caries freshly removed from school children were collected in clinic. Unstimulated saliva collection and initial plaque sampling were done before tooth extraction, then each caries was topically treated with 38% SDF in vitro. After intervention, each tooth was stored respectively in artificial saliva at 37 °C. Repeated plaque collections were done at 24 h and 1 week post-intervention. Post-intervention micro-ecological changes including microbial diversity, microbial metabolism function as well as species correlations were analyzed and compared after pyrosequencing of the DNA from the plaque sample using Illumina MiSeq platform. Results After SDF application, microbial diversity decreased (P > 0.05), although not statistically significant. Microbial community composition post-intervention was noticeably different from that of supragingival and pre-intervention plaque as well as saliva. At 1 week post-intervention, the relative content of Pseudomonas, Fusobacterium and Pseudoramibacter were higher than before, while most of the other bacteria were reduced, although the changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The inter-microbial associations became more complex, much more positive associations among survived bacteria were observed than negative ones. COG function classification diagram showed carbohydrate transportation and metabolic functions in the plaque were significantly reduced at 24 h and 1 week post-intervention. Conclusions SDF has extensive antimicrobial effect on dental plaque, which may reduce carbohydrate metabolism in dental plaque and help promote new balance of the plaque flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Ying Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (School and Hospital of Stomatology), No 1 Jianshe Road, Pingdingshan, 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (School and Hospital of Stomatology), No 1 Jianshe Road, Pingdingshan, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Di Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (School and Hospital of Stomatology), No 1 Jianshe Road, Pingdingshan, 450001, Henan Province, China.,Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi Lei Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (School and Hospital of Stomatology), No 1 Jianshe Road, Pingdingshan, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Ya Ping Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Pingdingshan College, Pingdingshan, Henan Province, China
| | - Meng Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Pingdingshan College, Pingdingshan, Henan Province, China
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13
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Jing C, Lei C, Xuedong Z, Xian P. [Recent achievements in the microbiological etiology of dental caries]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 36:104-108. [PMID: 29595006 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries is the most common chronic infectious disease of the oral cavity. The bacterium Streptococcus mutans is the sole pathogen that causes this disease. However, substantial evidence suggests that prevention and treatment strategies developed from traditional "cariogenic pathogen theory" are inefficient in reducing the prevalence of dental caries. An increasing number of individuals adopt the ecological view of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Recent technological improvements have enabled the detection and analysis of oral microorganisms, and many studies have focused on this area. The core microbiota is defined as a cluster of microbes playing critical roles in the initial and development phases of dental caries and may provide future direction for microorganism-related etiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cheng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhou Xuedong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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