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Kong S, Cai B, Li X, Zhou Z, Fang X, Yang X, Cai D, Luo X, Guo S, Nie Q. Assessment of selective breeding effects and selection signatures in Qingyuan partridge chicken and its strains. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103626. [PMID: 38513549 PMCID: PMC10966089 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Qingyuan partridge chicken (QYM) is a highly regarded native breed in China, highly esteemed for its exceptional breeding characteristics. However, the investigation into the selection signatures and its strains remains largely unexplored. In this study, blood sampling, DNA extracting, and high-depth resequencing were performed in 27 QYMs. Integrating the genomic data of 14 chicken (70 individuals) breeds from other researches, to analyze the genetic structure, selection signatures, and effects of selective breeding within QYM and its 3 strains (QYMA, QYMB, and QYMC). Population structure analysis revealed an independent QYM cluster, which exhibited distinct from other breeds, with each of its 3 strains displaying distinct clustering patterns. Linkage disequilibrium analysis highlighted QYMB's notably slower decay rate, potentially influenced by selection pressure from various production indicators. Examination of selection signatures uncovered genes and genetic mechanisms associated with genomic changes resulting from extensive selective breeding within the QYM and its strains. Intriguingly, diacylglycerol kinase beta (DGKB) and catenin alpha 2 (CTNNA2) were identified as commonly selected genes across the 3 QYM strains, linked to energy metabolism, muscle development, and fat metabolism. Our research validates the substantial impact of selective breeding on QYM and its strains, concurrently identifying genomic regions and signaling pathways associated with their distinctive characters. This research also establishes a fundamental framework for advancing yellow-feathered broiler breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofen Kong
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bolin Cai
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Cai
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuehui Luo
- Qingyuan Chicken Research Institute, Qingcheng District, Qingyuan City, China
| | - Suyin Guo
- Animal Epidemic Prevention Center, Qingcheng District, Qingyuan City, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
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Ren Y, Zeng Y, Wu Y, Zhang Q, Xiao X. Maternal methyl donor supplementation: A potential therapy for metabolic disorder in offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109533. [PMID: 37977406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The prevalences of diabetes mellitus and obesity are increasing yearly and has become a serious social burden. In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors in early life development are critical in influencing the prevalence of metabolic disorders in offspring. A growing body of evidence suggests the critical role of early methyl donor intervention in offspring health. Emerging studies have shown that methyl donors can influence offspring metabolism through epigenetic modifications and changing metabolism-related genes. In this review, we focus on the role of folic acid, betaine, vitamin B12, methionine, and choline in protecting against metabolic disorders in offspring. To address the current evidence on the potential role of maternal methyl donors, we summarize clinical studies as well as experimental animal models that support the impact of maternal methyl donors on offspring metabolism and discuss the mechanisms of action that may bring about these positive effects. Given the worldwide prevalence of metabolic disorders, these findings could be utilized in clinical practice, in which methyl donor supplementation in the early life years may reverse metabolic disorders in offspring and block the harmful intergenerational effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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Guo F, Jing M, Zhang A, Yi J, Zhang Y. Effects of Dietary Betaine on the Laying Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Uterus and Ovary Function of Laying Hens at the Late Stage of Production. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3283. [PMID: 37894007 PMCID: PMC10603742 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Betaine has been found to alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, whether dietary betaine can protect late-laying hens against these adverse effects is unknown. Here, 270 65-week-old Jinghong-1 laying hens were randomly divided into the Control, 0.1% Betaine, and 0.5% Betaine groups and fed a basal diet, 0.1%, and 0.5% betaine supplemented diet, respectively. The trial lasted for seven weeks. Birds that consumed 0.5% betaine laid more eggs with thicker eggshells. Accordingly, uterine reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and ovarian superoxide dismutase (SOD) contents were increased. The uterine calcium ion content and the mRNA expression of ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, and carbonic anhydrase two were increased. Moreover, ovarian IL-1β, Caspase-1, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 mRNA expressions were decreased; luteinising hormone receptor (LHR) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor mRNA expressions were increased. Furthermore, dietary betaine decreased the ovaries' mRNA expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT)1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b. The methylation level at the promoter region of ovarian LHR decreased. These results indicated that dietary betaine consumption with a concentration of 0.5% could increase the laying rate and the eggshell thickness during the late-laying period. The underlying mechanism may include antioxidative, anti-apoptosis, and hormone-sensitivity-enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Mengna Jing
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Aaoyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jinfan Yi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Du X, Lai S, Zhao W, Xu X, Xu W, Zeng T, Tian Y, Lu L. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the liver heterogeneity between egg-laying duck and ceased-laying duck. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:857. [PMID: 36577943 PMCID: PMC9798604 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the late phase of production, ducks untimely cease laying, leading to a lower feed conversion. Liver plays a vital role in the synthesis and transport of yolk materials during egg formation in birds. However, the molecular mechanism of liver in ceased-laying duck is far from clear, higher resolution and deeper analysis is needed. Sing-cell RNA-sequencing of 10 × Genomics platform can help to map the liver single cell gene expression atlas of Shaoxing duck and provide new insights into the liver between egg-laying and ceased-laying ducks. RESULTS About 20,000 single cells were profiled and 22 clusters were identified. All the clusters were identified as 6 cell types. The dominant cell type is hepatocyte, accounted for about 60% of all the cells. Of note, the heterogeneity of cells between egg-laying duck and ceased-laying duck mainly occurred in hepatocytes. Cells of cluster 3 and 12 were the unique hepatocyte states of egg-laying ducks, while cells of cluster 0 and 15 were the unique hepatocyte states of ceased-laying ducks. The expression mode of yolk precursor transporters, lipid metabolizing enzymes and fibrinogens were different in hepatocytes between egg-laying duck and ceased-laying duck. APOV1, VTG2, VTG1, APOB, RBP, VTDB and SCD might be activated in egg-laying ducks, while APOA1, APOA4, APOC3, FGB and FGG might be activated in ceased-laying ducks. CONCLUSIONS Our study further proofs that APOV1 and APOB play key roles in egg production, rather than APOA1 and APOA4. It is also the first to detect a correlation between the higher expression of APOC3, FGB, FGG and ceased-laying in duck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Du
- grid.410744.20000 0000 9883 3553State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021 Zhejiang China ,grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujing Lai
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhao
- grid.410744.20000 0000 9883 3553Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022 Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaoqin Xu
- grid.411527.40000 0004 0610 111XInstitute of Ecology, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002 Sichuan China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- grid.410744.20000 0000 9883 3553State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021 Zhejiang China
| | - Tao Zeng
- grid.410744.20000 0000 9883 3553State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021 Zhejiang China
| | - Yong Tian
- grid.410744.20000 0000 9883 3553State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021 Zhejiang China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- grid.410744.20000 0000 9883 3553State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021 Zhejiang China
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Wu H, Yuan J, Yin H, Jing B, Sun C, Nguepi Tsopmejio IS, Jin Z, Song H. Flammulina velutipes stem regulates oxidative damage and synthesis of yolk precursors in aging laying hens by regulating the liver-blood-ovary axis. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102261. [PMID: 36410067 PMCID: PMC9678783 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg production levels in late laying hens are negatively correlated with increasing age. Decreased liver and ovarian function in aging laying hens is accompanied by decreased antioxidant capacity, reproductive hormone levels, and follicular development, resulting in decreased synthesis of yolk precursors. The golden needle mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic properties. We aimed to reveal the therapeutic effects of F. velutipes stem (FVS) on liver-blood-ovary axis and investigate the underlying mechanisms. A total of 360 sixty-seven-wk-old laying hens were randomized into 4 treatment groups: 1) basal maize-soybean meal diet (CON); 2) basal maize + 20 g/kg FVS (2% FVS); 3) basal maize + 40 g/kg FVS (4% FVS); and 4) basal maize + 60 g/kg FVS (6% FVS). FVS groups demonstrated significantly increased egg production and ovarian development compared with the CON group. The addition of FVS increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, T-SOD, and T-AOC) in the liver, serum, and ovaries and decreased malondialdehyde levels by regulating the expression of proteins related to the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Additionally, FVS significantly decreased ovarian apoptosis by regulating Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase3 mRNA and protein expression levels. FVS significantly increased the expression levels of estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone and their respective receptors. With increased levels of estradiol transported to the liver through the bloodstream, targeted binding to estrogen receptor (ER)-α and ER-β led to significant increases in ApoVLDL II, ApoB, and VTG II mRNA expression associated with yolk precursor synthesis. FVS decreased the levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol and significantly increased the expression of lipid metabolism, and transport-related mRNAs (FAS, PPAR-a/γ, and MTTP) in the liver. Therefore, the dietary supplementation of FVS can maintain the productive performance of aging laying hens by alleviating the degree of oxidative stress and regulating the transport of functional substances along the liver-blood-ovary axis, thereby improving the synthesis of yolk precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Wu
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yuan
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Haixu Yin
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jing
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Chang Sun
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | | | - Zhouyu Jin
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Hui Song
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China,Engineering Research Center of the Chinenese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, P. R. China,Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, P. R. China,Corresponding author:
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Abobaker H, Omer NA, Hu Y, Idriss AA, Zhao R. In ovo injection of betaine promotes adrenal steroidogenesis in pre-hatched chicken fetuses. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101871. [PMID: 35487119 PMCID: PMC9170934 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticosterone is critical for the maturation and survival of chicken fetus around hatching. Betaine is used as a feed additive in poultry industry to promote growth and mitigate stress. However, it remains unknown whether betaine could affect adrenal corticosterone synthesis in pre-hatching chicken fetuses. In this study, betaine (2.5 mg/egg) was injected into developing chicken fetuses at d 11 of incubation (E11) and its impact on adrenal steroidogenesis was investigated at day 19 (E19). Plasma corticosterone concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) elevated in betaine-treated fetuses, together with increased adrenal expression of melanocortin 2 receptor and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. Accordingly, the corticosterone biosynthetic enzymes, such as cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2, as well as cholesterol biosynthesis or regulation-related genes, such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and low-density lipoprotein receptor, were all significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated in betaine group. Meanwhile, steroidogenic factor-1 and glucocorticoid receptor were significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced, whereas expression of dosage-sensitive sex reversal-adrenal hypoplasia congenita critical region on the X chromosome gene, a nuclear receptor known as a repressor of adrenal steroidogenesis, was significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated. Betaine significantly (P < 0.05) increased adrenal expression of genes involved in one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation, such as S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase, betaine-homocysteine-methyltransferase, methionine adenosyl transferase and DNA methyltransferases, yet the promoter regions of most steroidogenic genes were significantly (P < 0.05) hypomethylated. These results indicate that in ovo injection of betaine promotes adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis in chicken fetuses before hatching, which involves alterations in DNA methylation.
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Wang C, Ma C, Gong L, Dai S, Li Y. Preventive and therapeutic role of betaine in liver disease: A review on molecular mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174604. [PMID: 34743980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Betaine is a kind of water-soluble quaternary amine-type alkaloid widely existing in food, such as wheat germ, beet, spinach, shrimp and wolfberry. As an important methyl donor and osmotic pressure regulator in human body, betaine plays an important role in a variety of physiological activities. In recent years, a large number of literatures have shown that betaine has good preventive and therapeutic effects on many liver diseases, including chemical or drug-induced liver injury, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Therefore, by searching the databases of Web of Science, PubMed, SciFinder and CNKI, this paper has summarized the molecular mechanisms of betaine in improving liver diseases. The results show that the improvement of liver diseases by betaine is closely related to a variety of molecular mechanisms, including inhibition of inflammatory response, improvement of insulin resistance, reduction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, alleviation of liver oxidative stress, increase of autophagy, remodeling of intestinal flora and regulation of epigenetic modification. More importantly, nuclear transcription factor kappa (NF-κB), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ (PPAR-α/γ), liver X receptor α (LXRα), protein kinase B (Akt), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) signaling pathways are considered as important molecular targets for betaine to improve liver diseases. These important findings will provide a direction and basis for further exploring the pathogenesis of various liver diseases and tapping the potential of betaine in the clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lihong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Yu Y. Consequence of epigenetic processes on animal health and productivity: is additional level of regulation of relevance? Anim Front 2021; 11:7-18. [PMID: 34934525 PMCID: PMC8683131 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eveline M Ibeagha-Awemu
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Huang Z, Lv Z, Dai H, Li S, Jiang J, Ye N, Zhu S, Wei Q, Shi F. Dietary mulberry-leaf flavonoids supplementation improves liver lipid metabolism and ovarian function of aged breeder hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:1321-1332. [PMID: 34741341 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry-leaf flavonoids (MF), extracted from mulberry leaves, exert antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of dietary MF on the ovarian function and liver lipid metabolism of aged breeder hens. We used 270 (60-weeks-old) Qiling breeder hens randomly assigned in 3 treatments with supplemental dietary MF doses (0, 30, 60 mg/kg). The results showed that dietary MF significantly improved the egg-laying rate, followed by the reduced feed conversion rate (FCR) (p < 0.05). However, there is no obvious difference in hatchability and fertilised eggs hatchability among the three groups (p > 0.05). The level of T-CHO, LDL-C and AKP in serum was reduced, and the HDL-C concentrations were increased by dietary MF (p < 0.05). MF treatment also improved the antioxidant capacity and reduced the apoptotic index of the ovary (p < 0.05). Additionally, dietary MF significantly increased the serum estradiol (E2) levels (p < 0.05) and the transcription level of CYP19A1 and LHR in the ovary (p < 0.05). Dietary MF enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver via up-regulating the mRNA expressions of PPARα and CPT-I (p < 0.05). Moreover, the HMF group significantly decreased mRNA expressions of SREBP-1c (p < 0.05) and increased mRNA expressions of ERα, VTG-Ⅱ and ApoB in the liver (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary MF could improve the reproduction performance of aged breeder hens through improving ovary function and hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Simeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingle Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nanwei Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanli Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Wang M, Ibeagha-Awemu EM. Impacts of Epigenetic Processes on the Health and Productivity of Livestock. Front Genet 2021; 11:613636. [PMID: 33708235 PMCID: PMC7942785 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.613636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic changes in the epigenome resulting from the intricate interactions of genetic and environmental factors play crucial roles in individual growth and development. Numerous studies in plants, rodents, and humans have provided evidence of the regulatory roles of epigenetic processes in health and disease. There is increasing pressure to increase livestock production in light of increasing food needs of an expanding human population and environment challenges, but there is limited related epigenetic data on livestock to complement genomic information and support advances in improvement breeding and health management. This review examines the recent discoveries on epigenetic processes due to DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling and their impacts on health and production traits in farm animals, including bovine, swine, sheep, goat, and poultry species. Most of the reports focused on epigenome profiling at the genome-wide or specific genic regions in response to developmental processes, environmental stressors, nutrition, and disease pathogens. The bulk of available data mainly characterized the epigenetic markers in tissues/organs or in relation to traits and detection of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying livestock phenotype diversity. However, available data is inadequate to support gainful exploitation of epigenetic processes for improved animal health and productivity management. Increased research effort, which is vital to elucidate how epigenetic mechanisms affect the health and productivity of livestock, is currently limited due to several factors including lack of adequate analytical tools. In this review, we (1) summarize available evidence of the impacts of epigenetic processes on livestock production and health traits, (2) discuss the application of epigenetics data in livestock production, and (3) present gaps in livestock epigenetics research. Knowledge of the epigenetic factors influencing livestock health and productivity is vital for the management and improvement of livestock productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Wang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Omer NA, Hu Y, Idriss AA, Abobaker H, Hou Z, Yang S, Ma W, Zhao R. Dietary betaine improves egg-laying rate in hens through hypomethylation and glucocorticoid receptor-mediated activation of hepatic lipogenesis-related genes. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3121-3132. [PMID: 32475449 PMCID: PMC7597640 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In avian species, liver lipid metabolism plays an important role in egg laying performance. Previous studies indicate that betaine supplementation in laying hens improves egg production. However, it remains unclear if betaine improves laying performance by affecting hepatic lipid metabolism and what mechanisms are involved. We fed laying hens a 0.5% betaine-supplemented diet for 4 wks to investigate its effect on hepatic lipids metabolism in vivo and confirmed its mechanism via in vitro experiments using embryonic chicken hepatocytes. Results showed that betaine supplemented diet enhanced laying production by 4.3% compared with normal diet, accompanied with increased liver and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations (P < 0.05) in hens. Simultaneously, key genes involved in hepatic lipid synthesis, such as sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) were markedly upregulated at the mRNA level (P < 0.05). Western blot results showed that SREBP-1 and SCD1 protein levels were also increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, mRNA expression of main apolipoprotein components of yolk-targeted lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and apolipoprotein-V1 (ApoV1), in addition to microsomal triglyceride transfer proteins, which is closely related to the synthesis and release of very-low density lipoprotein, were also markedly elevated (P < 0.05). Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with PCR detects reduction of methylation levels in certain regions of the above gene promoters. Chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR assays showed increased binding of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to SREBP1 and ApoB gene promoters. Similar results of ApoV1 gene expression were obtained from cultured hepatocytes treated with betaine. Additionally, betaine increased the expression of GR and some genes involved in methionine cycle in vitro. These results suggest that betaine supplementation could alter the expression of liver lipid synthesis and transport-related genes by modifying the methylation status and GR binding on their promoter and hence promote the synthesis and release of yolk precursor substances in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagmeldin A Omer
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; College of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Nyala, Nyala, Sudan
| | - Yun Hu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Abdulrahman A Idriss
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Halima Abobaker
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Hou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Shu Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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Xu L, Zhang H, Yue H, Wu S, Yang H, Wang Z, Qi G. Gas stunning with CO 2 affected meat color, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases, glutathione S-transferases, and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase in the skeletal muscles of broilers. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:37. [PMID: 29760914 PMCID: PMC5941633 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-018-0252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meat color and lipid peroxidation are important traits related to meat quality. CO2 concentration is a critical factor that can affect meat quality in the commercial use of gas stunning (GS). However, the effect and mechanism of CO2 stunning on meat color and lipid peroxidation during long-term storage remain poorly studied. We aimed to study the effects of GS methods, especially CO2 concentration, on meat color and meat lipid peroxidation in broilers during long-term storage at 4 °C and to explore the potential mechanism of meat color change via lipid peroxidation and the inner lipid peroxide scavenging system. METHODS Eighteen broilers were sacrificed after exposure to one of the following gas mixtures for 90 s: 40% CO2 + 21% O2 + 39% N2 (G40%), 79% CO2 + 21% O2 (G79%), or no stunning (0% CO2, control). Meat color, serum variables, enzyme activities, and the gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. RESULTS The concentrations of serum triiodothyronine (T3, P = 0.03) and the ratio of serum free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine (FT3/FT4, P < 0.01) were decreased, whereas levels of serum cortisol (P < 0.01) were increased in the 40% CO2 group compared with the control group. Additionally, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) 3 d (P < 0.01) and TBARS 6 d (P = 0.01) in breast meat and the TBARS 3 d in thigh meat (P < 0.01) were increased in the 40% CO2 group compared with the control group. Serum T3 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 d both in the breast and thigh meat (r = - 0.63, P < 0.01 and r = - 0.47, P = 0.05 respectively). T3/T4 was negatively correlated with TBARS6 d in the breast meat and in the thigh meat (r = - 0.57, P = 0.01; and r = - 0.53, P = 0.03 respectively). Compared with the control group, Lightness (L*) 1 d (P = 0.03) and L*9 d (P < 0.01) were increased, whereas total chromatic aberration (E*) 1 d (P = 0.05) and E*3 d (P < 0.01) were decreased in the breast meat of both the G40% and G79% groups. The values of yellowness (b*) 3 d (P = 0.01), b*6 d (P < 0.01) and E*6 d (P < 0.01) in the thigh meat were lower in both the G40% and G79% groups than in the control group. In the breast muscle, the mRNA levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2, P = 0.03), GSTT1 (P = 0.04), and SOD1 (P = 0.05) were decreased, and the mRNA levels of JNK1 (P = 0.07), Nrf2 (P = 0.09), and GSTA3 (P = 0.06) were slightly lower in both the G40% and G79% groups compared with the control group. However, among these genes, only the mRNA level of JNK1 was decreased in the G40% group compared with the control group and the G79% group (P = 0.03) in the thigh muscle. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the control group, meat color quality in the breast meat was decreased, and the expression of genes in the MAPK/Nrf2/ARE (antioxidant responsive element) antioxidant pathway in breast muscle was partly suppressed by GS of both 40% and 79% CO2. However, oxidative stress and meat lipid peroxidation during storage were aggravated by GS with 40% CO2 compared to GS with 79% CO2 and no GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture & National, Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguanchun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture & National, Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguanchun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Hongyuan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture & National, Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguanchun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Shugeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture & National, Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguanchun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Haiming Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu China
| | - Guanghai Qi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture & National, Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguanchun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 China
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