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Luo C, Wang Y, Su Q, Zhu J, Tang S, Bergquist R, Zhang Z, Hu Y. Mapping schistosomiasis risk in Southeast Asia: a systematic review and geospatial analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1137-1149. [PMID: 36478466 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a water-borne parasitic disease estimated to have infected >140 million people globally in 2019, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. Within the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis as a public health problem by 2030 in the World Health Organization (WHO) Roadmap for neglected tropical diseases, other regions cannot be neglected. Empirical estimates of the disease burden in Southeast Asia largely remain unavailable. METHODS We undertook a systematic review to identify empirical survey data on schistosomiasis prevalence in Southeast Asia using the Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed and the Global Atlas of Helminth Infections, from inception to 5 February 2021. We then conducted advanced Bayesian geostatistical analysis to assess the geographical distribution of infection risk at a high spatial resolution (5 × 5 km) using the prevalence, number of infected individuals and doses needed for preventive chemotherapy. RESULTS We identified 494 Schistosoma japonicum surveys in the Philippines and Indonesia, and 285 in Cambodia and Laos for S. mekongi. The latest estimates suggest that 225 [95% credible interval (CrI): 168-285] thousand in the endemic areas of Southeast Asian population were infected in 2018. The highest prevalence of schistosomiasis was 3.86% (95% CrI: 3.40-4.31) in Laos whereas the lowest was 0.29% in Cambodia (95% CrI: 0.22-0.36). The estimated number of praziquantel doses needed per year was 1.99 million (95% CrI: 1.92-2.03 million) for the entire population in endemic areas of Southeast Asia. CONCLUSIONS The burden of schistosomiasis remains far from the WHO goal and our estimates highlighted areas to target with strengthened interventions against schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Luo
- Department of Environmental Science, Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational Technical College, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Smart Water, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational Technical College, Changsha, China
| | - Shijing Tang
- Department of Environmental Science, Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational Technical College, Changsha, China
| | | | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gong Y, Tong Y, Jiang H, Xu N, Yin J, Wang J, Huang J, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Li S, Zhou Y. Three Gorges Dam: the changing trend of snail density in the Yangtze River basin between 1990 and 2019. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:45. [PMID: 37118831 PMCID: PMC10142781 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The area of Oncomelania hupensis snail remains around 3.6 billion m2, with newly emerging and reemergent habitats continuing to appear in recent years. This study aimed to explore the long-term dynamics of snail density before and after the operation of Three Gorges Dam (TGD). METHODS Data of snail survey between 1990 and 2019 were collected from electronic databases and national schistosomiasis surveillance. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the snail density. Joinpoint model was used to identify the changing trend and inflection point. Inverse distance weighted interpolation (IDW) was used to determine the spatial distribution of recent snail density. RESULTS A total of 3777 snail survey sites with a precise location of village or beach were identified. For the downstream area, snail density peaked in 1998 (1.635/0.11 m2, 95% CI: 1.220, 2.189) and fluctuated at a relatively high level before 2003, then declined steadily from 2003 to 2012. Snail density maintained lower than 0.150/0.11 m2 between 2012 and 2019. Joinpoint model identified the inflection of 2003, and a significant decreasing trend from 2003 to 2012 with an annual percentage change (APC) being - 20.56% (95% CI: - 24.15, - 16.80). For the upstream area, snail density peaked in 2005 (0.760/0.11 m2, 95% CI: 0.479, 1.207) and was generally greater than 0.300/0.11 m2 before 2005. Snail density was generally lower than 0.150/0.11 m2 after 2011. Snail density showed a significant decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019 with an APC being - 6.05% (95% CI: - 7.97, - 7.09), and no inflection was identified. IDW showed the areas with a high snail density existed in Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Jianghan Plain, and the Anhui branch of the Yangtze River between 2015 and 2019. CONCLUSIONS Snail density exhibited a fluctuating downward trend in the Yangtze River basin. In the downstream area, the operation of TGD accelerated the decline of snail density during the first decade period, then snail density fluctuated at a relatively low level. There still exists local areas with a high snail density. Long-term control and monitoring of snails need to be insisted on and strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Gong
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yixin Tong
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Honglin Jiang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiangfan Yin
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shizhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yibiao Zhou
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Li Z, Wen Y, Lin D, Hu F, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang J, Liu K, Li S. Impact of the National Wetland Park in the Poyang Lake Area on Oncomelania hupensis, the Intermediate Host of Schistoma japonicum. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8040194. [PMID: 37104320 PMCID: PMC10141057 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to understand the influence of ecotourism on the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective snail control methods in tourism development areas. Poyang Lake National Wetland Park was selected as the pilot area, and sampling surveys were conducted based on comprehensive and detailed investigations of all historical and suspected snail environments according to map data to determine the snail distribution and analyze the impact of tourism development. The results showed that from 2011 to 2021, the positive rates of blood tests and fecal tests tended to decrease among residents of the Poyang Lake area. The positive rates of blood tests and fecal tests in livestock also tended to decrease. The average density of O. hupensis snails decreased, and no schistosomes were detected during infection monitoring in Poyang Lake. The local economy rapidly grew after the development of tourism. The development of ecotourism projects in Poyang Lake National Wetland Park increased the transfer frequency of boats, recreational equipment, and people, but it did not increase the risk of schistosomiasis transmission or the spread of O. hupensis snails. Prevention and monitoring only need to be strengthened in low-endemic schistosomiasis areas to effectively promote economic development due to tourism activities without affecting the health of residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang 330096, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (S.L.); Tel.: +86-791-8623-4974 (Z.L.); +86-21-6431-1779 (S.L.)
| | - Yusong Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Poyang County Schistosomiasis Control Station, Poyang 333100, China
| | - Yinlong Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China CDC (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Kexing Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Shizhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China CDC (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200025, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (S.L.); Tel.: +86-791-8623-4974 (Z.L.); +86-21-6431-1779 (S.L.)
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Wang Z, Liu L, Shi L, Wang X, Zhang J, Li W, Yang K. Identifying the Determinants of Distribution of Oncomelania hupensis Based on Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression Model along the Yangtze River in China. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11090970. [PMID: 36145401 PMCID: PMC9504969 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11090970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the unique intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, the geographical distribution of Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) is an important index in the schistosomiasis surveillance system. This study comprehensively analyzed the pattern of snail distribution along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province and identified the dynamic determinants of the distribution of O. hupensis. Methods: Snail data from 2017 to 2021 in three cities (Nanjing, Zhenjiang, and Yangzhou) along the Yangtze River were obtained from the annual cross-sectional survey produced by the Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases. Spatial autocorrelation and hot-spot analysis were implemented to detect the spatio–temporal dynamics of O. hupensis distribution. Furthermore, 12 factors were used as independent variables to construct an ordinary least squares (OLS) model, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, and a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model to identify the determinants of the distribution of O. hupensis. The adjusted coefficients of determination (adjusted R2, AICc, RSS) were used to evaluate the performance of the models. Results: In general, the distribution of O. hupensis had significant spatial aggregation in the past five years, and the density of O. hupensis increased eastwards in the Jiangsu section of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Relatively speaking, the distribution of O. hupensis wase spatially clustered from 2017 to 2021, that is, it was found that the border between Yangzhou and Zhenjiang was the high density agglomeration area of O. hupensis snails. According to the GTWR model, the density of O. hupensis was related to the normalized difference vegetation index, wetness, dryness, land surface temperature, elevation, slope, and distance to nearest river, which had a good explanatory power for the snail data in Yangzhou City (adjusted R2 = 0.7039, AICc = 29.10, RSS = 6.81). Conclusions: The distribution of O. hupensis and the environmental factors in the Jiangsu section of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River had significant spatial aggregation. In different areas, the determinants affecting the distribution of O. hupensis were different, which could provide a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of O. hupensis. A GTWR model was prepared and used to identify the dynamic determinants for the distribution of O. hupensis and contribute to the national programs of control of schistosomiasis and other snail-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
- Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
| | - Xinyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
- Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-136-5619-0585
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Adeyemo P, Léger E, Hollenberg E, Diouf N, Sène M, Webster JP, Häsler B. Estimating the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers keeping cattle, sheep and goats in northern Senegal. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:101. [PMID: 35317827 PMCID: PMC8938966 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schistosomiasis is a disease that poses major threats to human and animal health, as well as the economy, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Whilst many studies have evaluated the economic impact of schistosomiasis in humans, to date only one has been performed in livestock in SSA and none in Senegal. This study aimed to estimate the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis in selected regions of Senegal. Methods Stochastic partial budget models were developed for traditional ruminant farmers in 12 villages in northern Senegal. The models were parameterised using data from a cross-sectional survey, focus group discussions, scientific literature and available statistics. Two scenarios were defined: scenario 1 modelled a situation in which farmers tested and treated their livestock for schistosomiasis, whilst scenario 2 modelled a situation in which there were no tests or treatment. The model was run with 10,000 iterations for 1 year; results were expressed in West African CFA francs (XOF; 1 XOF was equivalent to 0.0014 GBP at the time of analysis). Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of uncertain variables on the disease costs. Results Farmers surveyed were aware of schistosomiasis in their ruminant livestock and reported hollowing around the eyes, diarrhoea and weight loss as the most common clinical signs in all species. For scenario 1, the median disease costs per year and head of cattle, sheep and goats were estimated at 13,408 XOF, 27,227 XOF and 27,694 XOF, respectively. For scenario 2, the disease costs per year and head of cattle, sheep and goats were estimated at 49,296 XOF, 70,072 XOF and 70,281 XOF, respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers is substantial. Consequently, treating livestock schistosomiasis has the potential to generate considerable benefits to farmers and their families. Given the dearth of data in this region, our study serves as a foundation for further in-depth studies to provide estimates of disease impact and as a baseline for future economic analyses. This will also enable One Health economic studies where the burden on both humans and animals is estimated and included in cross-sectoral cost–benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of disease control strategies. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-05147-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praise Adeyemo
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK. .,Dr Ameyo Stella Adadevoh (DRASA) Health Trust, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Elsa Léger
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Hollenberg
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Nicolas Diouf
- Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rurale, Université de Thiès, Bambey, Senegal.,Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Mariama Sène
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Joanne P Webster
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK. .,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Barbara Häsler
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK. .,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Rogers MJ, McManus DP, Muhi S, Gordon CA. Membrane Technology for Rapid Point-of-Care Diagnostics for Parasitic Neglected Tropical Diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev 2021; 34:e0032920. [PMID: 34378956 PMCID: PMC8404699 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00329-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasitic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect over one billion people worldwide, with individuals from communities in low-socioeconomic areas being most at risk and suffering the most. Disease management programs are hindered by the lack of infrastructure and resources for clinical sample collection, storage, and transport and a dearth of sensitive diagnostic methods that are inexpensive as well as accurate. Many diagnostic tests and tools have been developed for the parasitic NTDs, but the collection and storage of clinical samples for molecular and immunological diagnosis can be expensive due to storage, transport, and reagent costs, making these procedures untenable in most areas of endemicity. The application of membrane technology, which involves the use of specific membranes for either sample collection and storage or diagnostic procedures, can streamline this process, allowing for long-term sample storage at room temperature. Membrane technology can be used in serology-based diagnostic assays and for nucleic acid purification prior to molecular analysis. This facilitates the development of relatively simple and rapid procedures, although some of these methods, mainly due to costs, lack accessibility in low-socioeconomic regions of endemicity. New immunological procedures and nucleic acid storage, purification, and diagnostics protocols that are simple, rapid, accurate, and cost-effective must be developed as countries progress control efforts toward the elimination of the parasitic NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine J. Rogers
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donald P. McManus
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen Muhi
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine A. Gordon
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Banda GT, Deribe K, Davey G. How can we better integrate the prevention, treatment, control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases with other health interventions? A systematic review. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2021-006968. [PMID: 34663634 PMCID: PMC8524265 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, about 1.7 billion people living in poverty are affected by one or more of a group of disabling, disfiguring and poverty-promoting conditions known as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Major global health actors, like the WHO, have endorsed a shift from vertical to integrated NTD management. Objective This systematic review aimed to evaluate how integration is being conducted and how we can improve it. Methods PubMed, Medline, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Trip, Embase, Global Health and Google Scholar were searched from 1 April to 22 July 2020. We included peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 2000 and 22 July 2020 in English. Results Database searches produced 24 565 studies, of which 35 articles met the inclusion criteria. Twenty of these articles were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. Twenty articles were also published between 2015 and 2020. Literature revealed that NTDs have been integrated—among themselves; with water, sanitation and hygiene programmes; with vector control; with primary healthcare; with immunisation programmes; and with malaria management. Integrated mass drug administration for multiple NTDs was the most common method of integration. The three complex, yet common characteristics of successful integration were good governance, adequate financing and total community engagement. Conclusion The dataset identified integrated management of NTDs to be cost effective and potentially to increase treatment coverage. However, the identified modes of integration are not exclusive and are limited by the available literature. Nonetheless, integration should urgently be implemented, while considering the programmatic and sociopolitical context. PROSPERO registration number The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO number, CRD42020167358.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gift Treighcy Banda
- Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK .,Mzimba District Hospital, Malawi Ministry of Health, Mzimba, Malawi
| | - Kebede Deribe
- Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.,School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gail Davey
- Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.,School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Jiang Y, Yuan Z, Shen Y, Rosa BA, Martin J, Cao S, Zhou Y, Mitreva M, Cao J. Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese patients with Schistosoma japonicum infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:1. [PMID: 33416489 PMCID: PMC7792497 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma japonicum infection causes pathological injury to the host. Multiple studies have shown that intestinal helminth infection causes dysbiosis for the gut microbial community and impacts host immunology. However, the effect of acute S. japonicum infection on the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) is still unclear. We collected fecal samples from healthy and infected patients from a single hospital in Hunan Province, China. The bacterial community was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region using the HiSeq platform. Compared with healthy subjects, infected patients exhibited an increase in relative abundance of the TM7 phylum. At the genus level, there were seven differentially abundant genera between groups. The most significant finding was a Bacteroides enterotype in patients with acute schistosomiasis. These results suggest that S. japonicum infection has a significant effect on microbiome composition characterized by a higher abundance of the TM7 phylum and development of a Bacteroides enterotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhongying Yuan
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yujuan Shen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bruce A Rosa
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, 63001 MO, USA
| | - John Martin
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, 63001 MO, USA
| | - Shengkui Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yanjiao Zhou
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, 06023 CT, USA
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, 63001 MO, USA - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, 63001 MO, USA
| | - Jianping Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, 200025 Shanghai, PR China - Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
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9
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Monnier N, Barth-Jaeggi T, Knopp S, Steinmann P. Core components, concepts and strategies for parasitic and vector-borne disease elimination with a focus on schistosomiasis: A landscape analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008837. [PMID: 33125375 PMCID: PMC7598467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to control and eliminate human schistosomiasis have accelerated over the past decade. In a number of endemic countries and settings, interruption of schistosome transmission has been achieved. In others, Schistosoma infections continue to challenge program managers at different levels, from the complexity of the transmission cycle, over limited treatment options and lack of field-friendly accurate diagnostics, to controversy around adequate intervention strategies. We conducted a landscape analysis on parasitic and vector-borne disease elimination approaches with the aim to identify evidence-based strategies, core components and key concepts for achieving and sustaining schistosomiasis control and for progressing elimination efforts towards interruption of transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. A total of 118 relevant publications were identified from Web of Science, Pubmed and the grey literature and reviewed for their content. In addition, we conducted in-depth interviews with 23 epidemiologists, program managers, policymakers, donors and field researchers. Available evidence emphasizes the need for comprehensive, multipronged and long-term strategies consisting of multiple complementary interventions that must be sustained over time by political commitment and adequate funding in order to reach interruption of transmission. Based on the findings of this landscape analysis, we propose a comprehensive set of intervention strategies for schistosomiasis control and elimination. Before deployment, the proposed interventions will require review, evaluation and validation in the frame of an expert consultation as a step towards adaptation to specific contexts, conditions and settings. Field testing to ensure local relevance and effectiveness is paramount given the diversity of socio-ecological and epidemiological contexts. This landscape analysis explored successful concepts, approaches and interventions of past and ongoing parasitic and vector-borne disease elimination efforts and programs with regard to relevance for progress in the elimination of human schistosome infections. Schistosomiasis is a disabling, water borne parasitic disease of public health concern with an estimated 250 million people infected worldwide. The long-term morbidity of this neglected tropical disease significantly impacts growth, cognition and socioeconomic development at all ages. Despite increased global efforts to control morbidity and advance elimination, challenges in view of the complex life cycle which involves freshwater sources, intermediate snail hosts and humans, remain. This calls for targeted interventions and concerted programs. According to the evidence from the literature and as proposed by a wide range of key informants, comprehensive, multipronged and long-term strategies supported by strong political commitment and adequate funding are required in order to achieve and sustain the set goals. Based on the findings, we propose here a comprehensive set of intervention strategies for schistosomiasis control and elimination for review and evaluation to inform implementation research needs and elimination program design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Monnier
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Tanja Barth-Jaeggi
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Knopp
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Leonardo L, Varona G, Fornillos RJ, Manalo D, Tabios IK, Moendeg K, de Cadiz A, Kikuchi M, Chigusa Y, Mistica M, Hernandez L, Palasi W, Fontanilla IK. Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi: Snail intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines. Acta Trop 2020; 210:105547. [PMID: 32479837 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi is the snail intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines. It was discovered by Dr. Marcos Tubangui in 1932 more than two decades after the discovery of the disease in the country in 1906. This review, the first for O. h. quadrasi, presents past and present works on the taxonomy, biology, ecology, control, possible paleogeographic origin of the snail intermediate host and future in research, control and surveillance of the snail. Extensive references are made of other subspecies of O. hupensis such as the subspecies in China for which majority of the advances has been accomplished. Contrasting views on whether the snail is to be considered an independent species of Oncomelania or as one of several subspecies of Oncomelania hupensis are presented. Snail control methods such as chemical methods using synthetic and botanical molluscicides, environmental manipulation and biological control are reviewed. Use of technologies such as Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System and landscape genetics is stressed for snail surveillance. Control and prevention efforts in the Philippines have consistently focused on mass drug administration which has proved inadequate in elimination of the disease. An integrated approach that includes snail control, environmental sanitation and health education has been proposed. Population movement such as migration for employment and economic opportunities and ecotourism and global climate change resulting in heavy rains and flooding challenge the gains of control and elimination efforts. Concern for possible migration of snails to non-endemic areas is expressed given the various changes both natural and mostly man-made favoring habitat expansion.
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11
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Abe EM, Tambo E, Xue J, Xu J, Ekpo UF, Rollinson D, Yang K, Li SZ, Zhou XN. Approaches in scaling up schistosomiasis intervention towards transmission elimination in Africa: Leveraging from the Chinese experience and lessons. Acta Trop 2020; 208:105379. [PMID: 32006521 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma japonicum, differs from the African species including S. mansoni and S. haematobium, is a zoonotic parasite as it infects both human and animals including domestic ruminant animals such as cattle and animals from the wild. Considering China's success story in the elimination of schistosomiasis, the China-Africa collaboration on schistosomaisis elimination in Africa is an important cooperative health development initiative. This review examines the importance of China-Africa collaboration on schistosomiasis elimination using effective surveillance-response intervention strategy as the platform to effectively drive the elimination of schistosomiasis in Africa. Three conclusions were made after reviewing the similarity and differences in schistososmiasis control programmes between China and African continent as follows: (i) Politically, China's lessons is that leveraging on the integrated control strategies and the recognition that schistosomiasis is a public health problem which prompted the interest of government in China. It is necessary for African leaders and governments to recognize schistosomiasis as a public health challenge that must be given serious attention in terms of funding and setting up frameworks to complement control efforts. (ii) Technically, efficient monitoring and surveillance system mechanism will facilitate contextual and effective management of schistosomiasis elimination across different environment, and African programme managers should embrace the use of appropriate diagnostic tools to guide treatment strategies at different thresholds of schistosomiasis control. (iii) Strategically, effective control of snail intermediate hosts and precision mapping of snail distribution should be prioritized for successful schistosomiasis elimination in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eniola M Abe
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - E Tambo
- Département de Biochimie et Science Pharmaceutiques, Université des Montagnes, Bagangté, République du Cameroon.
| | - Jingbo Xue
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Jing Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Uwem F Ekpo
- Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, Alabata Road, Abeokuta, 110001, Nigeria.
| | - David Rollinson
- The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom.
| | - Kun Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, China.
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
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12
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Zhang J, Yue M, Hu Y, Bergquist R, Su C, Gao F, Cao ZG, Zhang Z. Risk prediction of two types of potential snail habitats in Anhui Province of China: Model-based approaches. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008178. [PMID: 32251421 PMCID: PMC7162538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elimination of the intermediate snail host of Schistosoma is the most effective way to control schistosomiasis and the most important first step is to accurately identify the snail habitats. Due to the substantial resources required for traditional, manual snail-searching in the field, and potential risk of miss-classification of potential snail habitats by remote sensing, more convenient and precise methods are urgently needed. Snail data (N = 15,000) from two types of snail habitats (lake/marshland and hilly areas) in Anhui Province, a typical endemic area for schistosomiasis, were collected together with 36 environmental variables covering the whole province. Twelve different models were built and evaluated with indices, such as area under the curve (AUC), Kappa, percent correctly classified (PCC), sensitivity and specificity. We found the presence-absence models performing better than those based on presence-only. However, those derived from machine-learning, especially the random forest (RF) approach were preferable with all indices above 0.90. Distance to nearest river was found to be the most important variable for the lake/marshlands, while the climatic variables were more important for the hilly endemic areas. The predicted high-risk areas for potential snail habitats of the lake/marshland type exist mainly along the Yangtze River, while those of the hilly type are dispersed in the areas south of the Yangtze River. We provide here the first comprehensive risk profile of potential snail habitats based on precise examinations revealing the true distribution and habitat type, thereby improving efficiency and accuracy of snail control including better allocation of limited health resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Chuan Su
- Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology & Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fenghua Gao
- Anhui Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Cao
- Anhui Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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13
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Engels D, Zhou XN. Neglected tropical diseases: an effective global response to local poverty-related disease priorities. Infect Dis Poverty 2020; 9:10. [PMID: 31987053 PMCID: PMC6986060 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-0630-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have long been overlooked in the global health agenda. They are intimately related to poverty, cause important local burdens of disease, but individually do not represent global priorities. Yet, NTDs were estimated to affect close to 2 billion people at the turn of the millennium, with a collective burden equivalent to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, or malaria. A global response was therefore warranted. Main text The World Health Organization (WHO) conceived an innovative strategy in the early 2000s to combat NTDs as a group of diseases, based on a combination of five public health interventions. Access to essential NTD medicines has hugely improved thanks to strong public-private partnership involving the pharmaceutical sector. The combination of a WHO NTD roadmap with clear targets to be achieved by 2020 and game-changing partner commitments endorsed in the London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases, have led to unprecedented progress in the implementation of large-scale preventive treatment, case management and care of NTDs. The coming decade will see as challenges the mainstreaming of these NTD interventions into Universal Health Coverage and the coordination with other sectors to get to the roots of poverty and scale up transmission-breaking interventions. Chinese expertise with the elimination of multiple NTDs, together with poverty reduction and intersectoral action piloted by municipalities and local governments, can serve as a model for the latter. The international community will also need to keep a specific focus on NTDs in order to further steer this global response, manage the scaling up and sustainment of NTD interventions globally, and develop novel products and implementation strategies for NTDs that are still lagging behind. Conclusions The year 2020 will be crucial for the future of the global response to NTDs. Progress against the 2020 roadmap targets will be assessed, a new 2021–2030 NTD roadmap will be launched, and the London Declaration commitments will need to be renewed. It is hoped that during the coming decade the global response will be able to further build on today’s successes, align with the new global health and development frameworks, but also keep focused attention on NTDs and mobilize enough resources to see the effort effectively through to 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Engels
- Uniting to Combat NTDs Support Centre, Geneva, Switzerland. .,National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. .,World Health Organization Collaborative Centre for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.,World Health Organization Collaborative Centre for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Jiatong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
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14
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Saelens G, Gabriël S. Currently Available Monitoring and Surveillance Systems for Taenia spp., Echinococcus spp., Schistosoma spp., and Soil-Transmitted Helminths at the Control/Elimination Stage: A Systematic Review. Pathogens 2020; 9:E47. [PMID: 31935916 PMCID: PMC7168685 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing global focus on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has resulted in the set up of numerous control and elimination activities worldwide. This is partly true for Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis, the most important foodborne parasitic infection. Despite substantial progress, adequate monitoring and surveillance (M&S) are required to sustain a status of control/elimination. This is often lacking, especially for T. solium. Therefore, the objective was to conduct a systematic literature review of the currently available M&S systems at the control/elimination stage of the four top-ranked helminth NTDs. Specifically, Taenia spp., Echinococcus spp., Schistosoma spp., and soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) were considered to determine if there are any similarities between their M&S systems and whether certain approaches can be adopted from each other. The systematic review demonstrated that rigorous M&S systems have been designed for the control/elimination stage of both STHs and schistosomiasis, particularly in China. On the other hand, a concept of M&S for Taenia spp. and Echinococcus spp. has not been fully developed yet, due to a lack of epidemiological data and the fact that many endemic countries are far away from reaching control/elimination. Moreover, accurate diagnostic tools for all four diseases are still imperfect, which complicates proper M&S. Finally, there is an urgent need to develop and harmonize/standardize M&S activities in order to reliably determine and compare the epidemiological situation worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Saelens
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke B-9820, Belgium
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15
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Huang Y, Xu Y, Huang Y, Sun F, Tian H, Hu N, Shi L, Hua H. Identification of newly developed advanced schistosomiasis with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and ClinProTools analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:33. [PMID: 31166908 PMCID: PMC6550559 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2019032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cases of newly developed advanced schistosomiasis (NDAS) have occurred in areas where schistosomiasis transmission has been blocked for more than 25 years. The causes and pathogenesis of NDAS are still unknown. Diagnosis of NDAS relies on historical investigation and clinical symptoms, such as liver fibrosis, hepatic ascites and abnormal biochemical indexes in serum. It is important but difficult at this stage to develop a new tool for early screening and rapid diagnosis. In this study, serum peptides from thirty patients with NDAS and thirty healthy controls were captured with weak cation exchange magnetic beads, and subjected to MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and ClinProTools analysis. Eleven peaks with m/z 924, 2661, 2953, 2991, 3241, 3884, 5337, 5905, 5943, 7766 and 9289 were decreased and three peaks with m/z 1945, 2082 and 4282 were increased in the NDAS group. The proteomic detection pattern (PDP) was established with 14 different peptide peaks, and its sensitivity and specificity were investigated with a blind test. The peptide mass fingerprints of sera from 50 NDAS patients and 100 healthy controls were double-blind subjected to the PDP method, and 50 patients and 92 healthy controls were classified as NDAS and healthy separately, which showed 100% sensitivity and 92% specificity. Our results showed that the PDP could be a new and useful method to detect NDAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzheng Huang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yongliang Xu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yi Huang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Fang Sun
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Haisong Tian
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Nannan Hu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Liang Shi
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Haiyong Hua
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064 Jiangsu Province, PR China - Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Abe EM, Xu J, Tchuenté LAT, Sacko M, Guo Y, Li S, Zhou XN. Institution-based Network on China-Africa Cooperation for Schistosomiasis Elimination (INCAS): Driving schistosomiasis elimination in Africa. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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17
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Asian Schistosomiasis: Current Status and Prospects for Control Leading to Elimination. Trop Med Infect Dis 2019; 4:tropicalmed4010040. [PMID: 30813615 PMCID: PMC6473711 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed4010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is an infectious disease caused by helminth parasites of the genus Schistosoma. Worldwide, an estimated 250 million people are infected with these parasites with the majority of cases occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. Within Asia, three species of Schistosoma cause disease. Schistosoma japonicum is the most prevalent, followed by S. mekongi and S. malayensis. All three species are zoonotic, which causes concern for their control, as successful elimination not only requires management of the human definitive host, but also the animal reservoir hosts. With regard to Asian schistosomiasis, most of the published research has focused on S. japonicum with comparatively little attention paid to S. mekongi and even less focus on S. malayensis. In this review, we examine the three Asian schistosomes and their current status in their endemic countries: Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, and Thailand (S. mekongi); Malaysia (S. malayensis); and Indonesia, People's Republic of China, and the Philippines (S. japonicum). Prospects for control that could potentially lead to elimination are highlighted as these can inform researchers and disease control managers in other schistosomiasis-endemic areas, particularly in Africa and the Americas.
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Elimination of Schistosoma japonicum Transmission in China: A Case of Schistosomiasis Control in the Severe Epidemic Area of Anhui Province. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16010138. [PMID: 30621070 PMCID: PMC6339220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the several decades, China has been incessantly optimizing control strategies in response to the varying epidemic situations of schistosomiasis. We evaluated continuously the changing prevalence under different control strategies of two villages, Sanlian and Guifan, in China through five phases lasting 37 years. We tested residents, calculated prevalence and discussed change causes. We found the prevalence in Sanlian did not differ significant from that of Guifan (p = 0.18) in 1981, but decreased to 2.66%, much lower than Guifan’s 11.25%, in 1984 (p = 0). Besides, prevalence in Guifan increased to 21.25% in 1987, while in Sanlian it rose to 20.78% until 1989. Those data confirmed that praziquantel combined with snail control could better reduce the prevalence. From 1992 to 1994, the prevalence in the two villages displayed downtrends, which showed the World Bank Loan Project worked. From 1995 to 2004, repeated oscillations with no obvious change trend was seen. Since 2005, the prevalence in both villages has shown a significant downtrend (p < 0.05), which suggests the integrated strategy is effective. We considered the control strategies were implemented suitably in the study area under changing social circumstances. Adjusting the strategy in consideration of social transformations is necessary and vital. The experience may be useful for policy making of other epidemic areas with an analogous situation.
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Dong Y, Du CH, Zhang Y, Wang LF, Song J, Wu MS, Yang WC, Lv S, Zhou XN. Role of ecological approaches to eliminating schistosomiasis in Eryuan County evaluated by system modelling. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:129. [PMID: 30593286 PMCID: PMC6309097 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis was severely prevalent in Yunnan Province, and it is difficult to achieve its elimination by convention approaches due to complexity of the nature. We explored the comprehensive model to eliminate schistosomiasis in Eryuan County, Yunnan Province, the People's Republic of China, through integration with the ecological protection programme in Erhai Lake, in order to promote an efficient elimination strategy. We expected that this model is able to be tailored to other local settings, which help achieve the goal of precisely eliminating the disease in Yunnan Province. METHODS Eryuan County of Yunnan Province was chosen as the study area, where the data on environmental protection activities in Erhai Lake and on the schistosomiasis control programme were collected through different departments of Erhai County government since 2015. System modelling was performed using system dynamics software to establish a simulation model in order to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention activities. RESULTS Ecological approaches to control schistosomiasis in Eryuan County consist of three major components: (i) implementing precise interventions to stop schistosomiasis transmission by means of controlling the source of infection, blocking the biological transmission chains and cutting off the route of disease transmission; (ii) employing ecological approaches to improve the co-effectiveness of environmental protection and schistosomiasis prevention in the study area; and (iii) strengthening the professional skills of personnel involving in the schistosomiasis control programme. Simulation results showed that this strategy could speed up the progress of schistosomiasis control programme moving from the control stage to the elimination stage. CONCLUSIONS Ecological approaches implemented in schistosomiasis endemic areas of the Eryuan region are able to improve the co-effectiveness of environmental protection and schistosomiasis control, providing a new avenue for eliminating schistosomiasis thanks to the application of precise interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dong
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun-Hong Du
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Fang Wang
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Song
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming-Shou Wu
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Can Yang
- Eryuan Station of Schistosomiasis Control and Prevention, Eryuan, 671200, Yunnan, China
| | - Shan Lv
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Liang S, Abe EM, Zhou XN. Integrating ecological approaches to interrupt schistosomiasis transmission: opportunities and challenges. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:124. [PMID: 30541611 PMCID: PMC6291957 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of agenda for global schistosomiasis elimination as a public health problem generates enthusiasms among global health communities, motivating great interests in both research and practice. Recent China-Africa schistosomiasis control initiatives, aiming to enhance collaboration on disease control in African countries, reflect in part that momentum. Yet there is a pressing need to know whether the Chinese experiences can be translated and applied in African settings. Main body China’s remarkable achievements in schistosomiasis control programme, associated experiences and lessons, have much to offer to those combating the disease. Central to the success of China’s control programmes is a strategy termed “integrated control” – integrating environmental approaches (e.g. improved sanitation, agricultural and hydrological development and management), which target different phases of the parasite transmission system, to chemical-based drug treatment and mollusciciding. Yet, despite significant measurable public health benefits, such integration is usually based on field experience and remains largely uncharacterized in an ecological context. This has limited our knowledge on relative contributions of varying components of the integrated control programme to the suppression of disease transmission, making it challenging to generalize the strategy elsewhere. In this opinion article, we have described and discussed these challenges, along with opportunities and research needs to move forward. Conclusions There is an urgent need to formalize an ecological framework for the integrated control programme that would allow research towards improved mechanistic understanding, quantification, and prediction of the control efforts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0506-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liang
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Eniola Michael Abe
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Bergquist R, Zhou XN, Rollinson D, Reinhard-Rupp J, Klohe K. Elimination of schistosomiasis: the tools required. Infect Dis Poverty 2017; 6:158. [PMID: 29151362 PMCID: PMC5694902 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Historically, the target in the schistosomiasis control has shifted from infection to morbidity, then back to infection, but now as a public health problem, before moving on to transmission control. Currently, all endemic countries are encouraged to increase control efforts and move towards elimination as required by the World Health Organization (WHO) roadmap for the global control of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and the WHA65.21 resolution issued by the World Health Assembly. However, schistosomiasis prevalence is still alarmingly high and the global number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to this infection has in fact increased due to inclusion of some ‘subtle’ clinical symptoms not previously counted. Main body There is a need to restart and improve efforts to reach the elimination goal. To that end, the first conference of the Global Schistosomiasis Alliance (GSA) Research Working Group was held in mid-June 2016 in Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. It reviewed current progress in schistosomiasis control and elimination, identified pressing operational research gaps that need to be addressed and discussed new tools and strategies required to make elimination a reality. The articles emanating from the lectures and discussions during this meeting, together with some additional invited papers, have been collected as a special issue of the ‘Infectious Diseases of Poverty’ entitled ‘Schistosomiasis Research: Providing the Tools Needed for Elimination’, consisting of 26 papers in all. This paper refers to these papers and discusses critical questions arising at the conference related to elimination of schistosomiasis. Conclusion The currently most burning questions are the following: Can schistosomiasis be eliminated? Does it require better, more highly sensitive diagnostics? What is the role of preventive chemotherapy at the elimination stage? Is praziquantel sufficient or do we need new drugs? Contemplating these questions, it is felt that the heterogeneity of the endemic areas in the world requires WHO policies to be upgraded instituting new, differentiated guidelines. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s40249-017-0370-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - David Rollinson
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | | | - Katharina Klohe
- Global Schistosomiasis Alliance, Westenriederstrasse 10, 80331, Munich, Germany
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