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Kim J, Jeong K, Lee S, Baek Y. Machine-learning model predicting quality of life using multifaceted lifestyles in middle-aged South Korean adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:159. [PMID: 38212741 PMCID: PMC10785386 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of population aging, advances in healthcare technology, and growing interest in healthy aging and higher quality of life (QOL), have gained central focus in public health, particularly among middle-aged adults. METHODS This study presented an optimal prediction model for QOL among middle-aged South Korean adults (N = 4,048; aged 30-55 years) using a machine-learning technique. Community-based South Korean population data were sampled through multistage stratified cluster sampling. Twenty-one variables related to individual factors and various lifestyle patterns were surveyed. QOL was assessed using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and categorized into total QOL, physical component score (PCS), and mental component score (MCS). Seven machine-learning algorithms were used to predict QOL: decision tree, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, k-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting, random forest, and support vector machine. Data imbalance was resolved with the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE). Random forest was used to compare feature importance and visualize the importance of each variable. RESULTS For predicting QOL deterioration, the random forest method showed the highest performance. The random forest algorithm using SMOTE showed the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) for total QOL (0.822), PCS (0.770), and MCS (0.786). Applying the data, SMOTE enhanced model performance by up to 0.111 AUC. Although feature importance differed across the three QOL indices, stress and sleep quality were identified as the most potent predictors of QOL. Random forest generated the most accurate prediction of QOL among middle-aged adults; the model showed that stress and sleep quality management were essential for improving QOL. CONCLUSION The results highlighted the need to develop a health management program for middle-aged adults that enables multidisciplinary management of QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Kim
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungsik Jeong
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Siwoo Lee
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Baek
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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dos Santos de Brito L, Pereira TN, dos Santos ER, de Barros TG, Martinez WD, dos Santos LL, Brienze VMS, de Abreu Lima AR, Bizotto TSG, André JC. Impact of students assistance policies on quality of life and mental health. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1266366. [PMID: 38034297 PMCID: PMC10682892 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1266366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Student assistance policies in higher education, in their various modalities, seek to reduce the dropout of a new profile of students, non-traditional, with socioeconomic weaknesses, promoting quality of life (QoL) and mental health during the university journey. In this context, the Student Social Support Center (C.A.S.A) promotes assistance to students who need personal and/or economic support. Objectives To evaluate the QoL and the presence of minor mental disorders (MMD) in students from the 1st to the 4th year of medicine at a public college in Brazil, comparing C.A.S.A beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. Materials and methods Cross-sectional study with 283 students. SRQ-20 and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires were used, in addition to a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data. Results The general average of QoL was regular in the four evaluated domains (physical, psychological, social relationships, environment) and 55.5% of the students have evidence of MMD, in which the QoL scores are lower in all domains. The environment domain, which discusses socioeconomic conditions, has the worst score among C.A.S.A beneficiaries and the best among C.A.S.A non-beneficiaries. Discussion The data corroborate the fragile situation of mental health and QoL of medical students. The student assistance modality of the analyzed program possibly presents vulnerabilities in its performance since the environment domain, the one with the lowest score among the program beneficiaries, precisely encompasses financial resources, access to goods and leisure and the individual's physical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara dos Santos de Brito
- Center for Studies and Development of Health Education – CEDES, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
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Jahrami H, AlKaabi J, Trabelsi K, Pandi-Perumal SR, Saif Z, Seeman MV, Vitiello MV. The worldwide prevalence of self-reported psychological and behavioral symptoms in medical students: An umbrella review and meta-analysis of meta-analyses. J Psychosom Res 2023; 173:111479. [PMID: 37651841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medical students frequently experience a range of stressors, such as demanding academic requirements, competition and rivalry, self-doubt, and financial distress. As a result, they are at risk for psychological and behavioral symptoms (PBS) including: depression, anxiety, and sleep difficulties as well as maladaptive substance use. METHODS To determine the degree of risk for these symptoms, 13 databases, without language restriction., were searched. RESULTS A total of 32 meta-analyses were included in this umbrella review. A global analysis of all self-reported PBS combined yielded a pooled prevalence rate of 30.3% [26.9%; 33.7%]; 95% PI [2.2%; 58.3%]. The highest reported prevalence was for sleep problems 42.0% [35.6%; 48.4%], followed by stress 41.7% [35.3%; 48.1%], burnout 35.8% [25.7%; 45.8%], anxiety 32.5% [27.9%; 37.1%], depression 32.5% [28.8%; 36.1%], internet addiction 26.0% [5.5%; 46.5%], substance use 25.2% [18.9%; 31.6%], eating disorders 9.8% [1.1%; 18.4%], and suicidal thoughts/gestures/acts 8.9% [4.8%; 12.9%]. The prevalence estimates were deemed acceptable for all PBS. CONCLUSION The evidence shows that fully one-third of medical students experience a range of problematic PBS, likely attributable to the demanding and intense study environment, the hierarchical structure of medical training facilities, and the vulnerability of the young adulthood time period. Appropriately targeted assessment and intervention efforts are clearly warranted to decrease the psychological burden of medical student training. PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42023391800. Open Science Network (OSF) Identifier: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/SXQYN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Jahrami
- Psychiatric Hospital, Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
| | - Jawaher AlKaabi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, University of Sfax, LR19JS01, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zahra Saif
- Psychiatric Hospital, Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Mary V Seeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
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Braga JPC, Wolfgram E, Batista de Souza JP, Fausto Silva LG, Estavien Y, de Almeida R, Pestana CR. Lifestyle and Sense of Coherence: A comparative analysis among university students in different areas of knowledge. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288624. [PMID: 37768963 PMCID: PMC10538790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of health has undergone profound changes. Lifestyle Medicine consists of therapeutic approaches that focus on the prevention and treatment of diseases. It follows that the quality of life of university students directly affects their health and educational progress. EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY Socioeconomic, lifestyle (LS), and Salutogenesis Theory/sense of coherence (SOC) questionnaires were administered to college students from three different areas. The results were analyzed for normality and homogeneity, followed by ANOVA variance analysis and Dunn and Tukey post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Spearman's correlation coefficient evaluated the correlation between lifestyle and sense of coherence; p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The correlation between LS and SOC was higher among males and higher among Medical and Human sciences students compared to Exact sciences. Medical students' scores were higher than Applied sciences and Human sciences students on the LS questionnaire. Exact science students' scores on the SOC questionnaire were higher than Human sciences students. In the LS areas related to alcohol intake, sleeping quality, and behavior, there were no differences between the areas. However, women scored better in the nutrition domain and alcohol intake. The SOC was also higher in men compared to women. CONCLUSION The results obtained demonstrate in an unprecedented way in the literature that the correlation between the LS and SOC of college students varies according to gender and areas of knowledge, reflecting the importance of actions on improving students' quality of life and enabling better academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yonel Estavien
- Medical School, UNILA University, Foz do Iguaçu, Parana, Brazil
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Fernandes MDSV, Mendonça CR, da Silva TMV, Noll PRES, de Abreu LC, Noll M. Relationship between depression and quality of life among students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6715. [PMID: 37185375 PMCID: PMC10126541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this systematic review were to estimate the prevalence of depression and to identify the relationship between depression and quality of life (QOL) among high school and university students. Literature search was performed in the Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Scielo, CINAHL and Web of Science databases, following the PRISMA methodology. The results were presented through descriptive approaches and meta-analysis. Thirty-six studies met the eligibility criteria, and twenty-six were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 27% (95% CI 0.21-0.33) among students, being high school and university students was 25% (95% CI 0.14-0.37) and 27% (95% CI 0.20-0.34), respectively, and most studies have shown that depression was associated with low QOL. Among the limitations of the study is the difficulty of generalizing the results found, considering the large sample of health students. New studies should be conducted considering the severity, duration, and patterns of depressive symptoms in high school and university students, to better understand the relationship between depression and QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele da Silva Valadão Fernandes
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, GO-154, Km 03, Ceres, Goiás, 76300-000, Brazil.
- Rede Estadual e Municipal de Educação de São Luís de Montes Belos, Ceres, Goiás, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Priscilla Rayanne E Silva Noll
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, GO-154, Km 03, Ceres, Goiás, 76300-000, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, GO-154, Km 03, Ceres, Goiás, 76300-000, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
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Mello DRB, Ortega F, Müller MR, Apratto Júnior PC. [Reflexive groups with medical students from the mental health league as a strategy for change]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:887-896. [PMID: 36888871 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023283.10962022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper set out to present the outcomes of qualitative research conducted with medical students of a Mental Health and Psychiatry League (LASMP). Its objectives were to sensitize them to perceive themselves as people and provide them with other rationales different from biomedical ways of thinking. The reflexive groups, within the culture circle, provided an opportunity for an exchange of ideas, time for reflection and sharing of fully formed daily experiences. They were configured as a strategy of change and awakening to rethink models of health more focused on healthcare than on diseases. Participant observation enabled revealing, through the narratives, particularities of the experiences, discourses and culture of the group itself. The analyses were carried out using the reflexivity method (Bourdieu, 2001; 2004), as it permits the systematic deepening of the contents of the narratives. Without any pretension of synthesis, the reflexive course on the narratives started from the assumptions of thought and actions to arrive at the constructed and shared meanings. They offered possibilities of transforming the way of perceiving the world of work, themselves, and the people around them; of changing the understanding of mental health beyond the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats. Barcelona Espanha
| | - Manuela Rodrigues Müller
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
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da Silva AN, Lucietto DA, Bastos MVDS, do Nascimento TQ, Vettore MV. The relationship of dental students’ characteristics to social support, psychosocial factors, lifestyle, and quality of life. Health Psychol Behav Med 2022; 10:596-616. [PMID: 35898595 PMCID: PMC9310912 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2022.2102017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, student academic information, social support, sense of coherence, anxiety, lifestyle, and quality of life among dental students. Methods: A cross-sectional study among 233 dental students in Brazil. We captured data on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, social support through Social Support Appraisal, psychosocial factors (sense of coherence and anxiety based on SOC-13 and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 – anxiety subscale, respectively), lifestyle as per individual Lifestyle Profile and quality of life based on VERAS-Q. Data was analysed through Structural Equation Modelling. Results: Greater social support, higher sense of coherence, lower anxiety, better lifestyle directly predicted better quality of life. Male gender, city of origin did not differ from the city of the campus, higher social support and greater sense of coherence were indirectly linked with better quality of life via better lifestyle. Lower academic semester and higher social support indirectly predicted better quality of life via lower anxiety. Conclusion: Social support, sense of coherence, anxiety, and lifestyle were relevant factors directly associated with dental student’s quality of life. Indirect pathways were observed between gender, moved home to attend dental course, academic semester, social support, sense of coherence, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Neiva da Silva
- Department of Health and Society, Institute of Collective Health, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Deison Alencar Lucietto
- Department of Health and Society, Institute of Collective Health, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mario Vianna Vettore
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway
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Zhou L, Sukpasjaroen K, Wu Y, Wang L, Chankoson T, Cai E. Predicting nursing students' psychological well-being: network analysis based on a model of thriving through relationships. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:463. [PMID: 35710399 PMCID: PMC9202322 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological well-being plays a vital role in nursing students' mental health and affects their decisions to stay in the nursing profession, particularly during the COVID-19 outbreak. Close relationships are undeniably linked to psychological well-being, but it is unknown how the specific pathways through which close relationships are related to each other and which are most strongly linked to nursing students' psychological well-being. AIMS To explore the network structure, central and bridge factors among well-being characteristics, and predictors based on a model of thriving through relationships. METHODS A cross-sectional research design was used with a sample of undergraduate nursing students (531 participants from the Southwest part of China). We used a network model to analyze the network structure of perceived social support, mindfulness, self-integrity, self-compassion, professional self-concept, savoring, intentional self-regulation, non-relational self-expansion, relational self-expansion, attachment insecurity, and psychological well-being. RESULTS A highly interconnected network of psychological well-being featured predictors and traits were formed. Node 8 (self-kindness), node 9 (self-judgment), and node 23 (non-relational self-expansion) were the predictors with the highest centrality in the network. Perceived social support and professional self-concept were most central in linking predictors to psychological well-being traits. Attachment insecurity was a non-supportive factor for predicting psychological well-being among female nursing students. CONCLUSIONS Interventions based on these supportive/non-supportive predictors, which operate on different psychological levels, hold promise to achieve positive effects on psychological well-being among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Chakrabongse Bhuvanarth International Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-OK, Chonburi Bangkok, Thailand
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Khunanan Sukpasjaroen
- Chakrabongse Bhuvanarth International Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-OK, Chonburi Bangkok, Thailand
| | - YuMing Wu
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Thitinan Chankoson
- Chakrabongse Bhuvanarth International Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-OK, Chonburi Bangkok, Thailand
- Faculty of Business Administration for Society, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - EnLi Cai
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan China
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Martins JMS, Ferreira EAL, Valete COS, Gramasco HHF. Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire applied to undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a factor analysis. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:658-663. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Lin Y, Kang YJ, Lee HJ, Kim DH. Pre-medical students' perceptions of educational environment and their subjective happiness: a comparative study before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:619. [PMID: 34911514 PMCID: PMC8671600 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-03065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic necessarily changed pre-medical students' educational environment into an online format-and students' subjective happiness (SH) is highly impacted by their educational environment. This study investigates changes in pre-medical students' perceptions of their educational environment and their SH before and after the pandemic, as well as explores the predictors related to their SH. METHODS The Korean version of the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire and single-item measures of SH and professional identity (PI) were used. The t-test was employed to analyze the differences of the SH, PI, and DREEM subscales scores before and after the onset of COVID-19. Cohen's d was used as effect size and correlations between SH and different subscales of DREEM were analyzed using Pearson's correlation. The multiple regression analysis was performed to reveal associations between predictors and SH. RESULTS A total of 399 pre-medical students completed the survey both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The DREEM scores and all subscales scores significantly increased but each presents a different effect size. Students' Perceptions of Learning (SPL: Cohen's d = 0.97), Students' Perceptions of Teaching (SPT: Cohen's d = 1.13), and Students' Perceptions of Atmosphere (SPA: Cohen's d = 0.89) have large effect sizes. Students' Academic Self-Perceptions (SASP: Cohen's d = 0.66) have a medium effect size and Students' Social Self-Perceptions (SSSP: Cohen's d = 0.40) have a small effect size. In contrast, no significant change was noted in the SH and PI. Both PI and SSSP impacted SH before COVID-19, but after the pandemic, SH was impacted by SPL, SPA, and SSSP. CONCLUSIONS Students' overall perception of their educational environment was more positive after the onset of COVID-19, but their social self-perceptions improved the least. Additionally, SSSP is the only predictor of SH both before and after the pandemic. The findings of this study suggest that educational institutions must pay attention to students' social relationships when trying to improve their educational environment. Furthermore, so as to increase students' SH, development of both educational environment and PI is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Lin
- Department of Medical Education, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Ji Kang
- Department of Medical Education, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo jeong Lee
- Department of Medical Education, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hwan Kim
- Department of Medical Education, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
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The Mediating Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Perceived Stress and Mental Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189762. [PMID: 34574684 PMCID: PMC8465177 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created great uncertainty around the world, and due to the pandemic, nurses have been exposed to an increase in highly stressful clinical situations. This study examines the relationships between perceived stress and emotional disorders among nurses who have provided direct patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic and explores the mediating role of resilience in these relationships. In an online cross-sectional design, we asked Spanish nurses (N = 214) to complete self-reported scales, and we performed correlation and mediation analyses between perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-4), resilience (Wagnild Resilience Scale, RS-14), wellbeing (World Health Organization Wellbeing Index, five items, WHO-5), anxiety (PHQ-2) and depression (GAD-2). The nurses self-reported moderate levels of perceived stress, considerable psychological distress and high resilience. We found resilience to be significantly negatively correlated with the reported levels of perceived stress, anxiety and depression (p < 0.001). The mediating analysis revealed that resilience played a protective role in the direct relationships of stress with depression, anxiety, and psychological distress. To conclude, our findings supported the hypothesis that resilience mediated the relationship between stress and mental health.
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Commentary on: Impact of drinking Chinese green tea on postoperative short outcomes for gastric cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:1679-1680. [PMID: 34168296 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Anxiety and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Related to COVID-19 during Italian Lockdown. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061221. [PMID: 33809403 PMCID: PMC8001711 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The first case of infection by SARS-CoV-2 (i.e., COVID-19) was officially recorded by the Italian National Health Service on 21 February 2020. Respiratory tract manifestations are the most common symptoms, such as gastrointestinal symptoms (GISs) like nausea or sickness, diarrhea, and anorexia, and psychological effects may be reported in affected individuals. However, similar symptoms may be observed in healthy people as a consequence of an anxiety state. Methods: We analyzed GISs and anxiety state during the COVID-19 lockdown period; from 9 March 2020 to 4 May 2020. A web-based survey consisting of 131 items was administered to 354 students affiliated with the School of Medicine of the University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro; Italy. A set of statistical analyses was performed to analyze the relationships among the answers to assess a correlation between the topics of interest. Results: The statistical analysis showed that 54.0% of interviewed reported at least one GISs, 36.16% of which reported a positive history for familial GISs (FGISs). The 354 subjects included in our cohort may be stratified as follows: 25.99% GISs and FGISs, 27.97% GISs and no-FGISs, 10.17% no-GISs and FGISs, 35.87% no-GISs and no-FGISs. Results indicated an anxiety state for 48.9% of respondents, of which 64.74% also presented GISs. In addition, considered dietary habits, we detect the increased consumption of hypercaloric food, sweetened drinks, and alcoholic beverages. Conclusions: The increase of GISs during the lockdown period in a population of medical students, may be correlated to both dietary habits and anxiety state due to a concern for one’s health.
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