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Takeda Y, Yamada D, Kobayashi S, Sasaki K, Iwagami Y, Tomimaru Y, Noda T, Takahashi H, Asaoka T, Shimizu J, Doki Y, Eguchi H. MicroRNA-26a-5p is a reliable biomarker in the adjuvant setting for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310328. [PMID: 39288140 PMCID: PMC11407630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a high recurrence rate even after radical resection because of subclinical tumors. To manage them, a reliable biomarker that can indicate the presence of subclinical tumors and predict their chemosensitivity is required. This study aimed to identify a miRNA as a biomarker that can be used to individualize postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using postoperative peripheral blood samples. Integrating miRNA microarray data from the blood of 18 patients with PDAC and the in vitro results regarding the phenotypes of chemoresistant PDAC cells, a candidate miRNA was identified. The relationships between candidate miRNA expression and chemosensitivity were examined in vitro and in clinical samples from other cohorts of 33 patients with recurrence. Comprehensive analyses of blood samples detected 5 candidate miRNAs. Of these, miR-26a-5p was considered a candidate biomarker of chemosensitive phenotypes. In validation experiments, chemosensitivity was inversely correlated with miR-26a-5p expression in vitro. Moreover, the ability of miR-26a-5p to predict chemosensitivity was clinically evaluated using blood samples. Patients with high miR-26a-5p expression in the blood after radical resection exhibited a significantly longer survival time after recurrence. Thus, we concluded that miR-26a-5p is a potentially useful biomarker for managing patients with PDAC, especially those undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takehiro Noda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junzo Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Askari N, Pirouz MS, Mafikandi V, Hadizadeh M, Mousavi SZ. The lncRNA UCA1 Enhances Pancreatic Cancer EMT by Regulating miR-708-5p and miR-135b-5p: A Bioinformatics Approach. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 53:1659-1669. [PMID: 39086404 PMCID: PMC11287582 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i7.16060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an exceedingly malignant ailment that is not only characterized by its insidious onset and rapid progression but also by its poor therapeutic effects. Recently, emerging evidence has shed light on the significant role that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), play in the pathogenesis of PC. This investigation aimed to construct a network of interactions between miRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs, as well as to perform correlation analyses in the context of PC. Methods This study carried out in Kerman City, southeastern Iran in 2023. We utilized the GSE119794 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to analyze differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs), miRNAs (DE-miRNAs), and mRNAs (DE-mRNAs). Following the identification of the DE-lncRNAs, DE-mRNAs, and DE-miRNAs, we proceeded to examine differentially expressed epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) genes. Subsequently, we utilized the RNAInter database to predict interactions among lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs. Finally, we employed Cytoscape to visualize and analyze the constructed network. Results 14 DE-lncRNAs, 14 DE-miRNAs, 545 DE-mRNAs, and 65 DE-EMT from pancreatic cancer and its adjacent tissue RNA-Seq data were identified. 1184 EMT genes from dbEMT were obtained, among which 65 DE-EMT were assigned as EMT genes and correlated with tumor progression. One functional lncRNA (UCA1) was identified as a key functional lncRNA. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of UCA1 and miR-708-5p were 0.79 and 0.86, respectively. Thus, it is reasonable to believe that this prognostic risk model helps predict PC metastasis. Conclusion UCA1 is a new lncRNA linked with EMT in PC and contributes to a better knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms related to lncRNAs in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Askari
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Sciences and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Marziye Shad Pirouz
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Mafikandi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Hadizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Pal A, Ojha A, Ju J. Functional and Potential Therapeutic Implication of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17523. [PMID: 38139352 PMCID: PMC10744132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The alarmingly low five-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer presents a global health challenge, contributing to about 7% of all cancer-related deaths. Late-stage diagnosis and high heterogeneity are the biggest hurdles in treating pancreatic cancer. Thus, there is a pressing need to discover novel biomarkers that could help in early detection as well as improve therapeutic strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short non-coding RNA, have emerged as promising candidates with regard to both diagnostics and therapeutics. Dysregulated miRNAs play pivotal roles in accelerating tumor growth and metastasis, orchestrating tumor microenvironment, and conferring chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. The differential expression profiles of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer could be utilized to explore novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we also covered studies on recent advancements in various miRNA-based therapeutics such as restoring miRNAs with a tumor-suppressive function, suppressing miRNA with an oncogenic function, and combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. Despite several challenges in terms of specificity and targeted delivery, miRNA-based therapies hold the potential to revolutionize the treatment of pancreatic cancer by simultaneously targeting multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amartya Pal
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.); (A.O.)
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Anushka Ojha
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.); (A.O.)
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jingfang Ju
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.); (A.O.)
- The Northport Veteran’s Administration Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA
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Alshahrani SH, Rakhimov N, Gupta J, Hassan ZF, Alsalamy A, Saleh EAM, Alsaab HO, Al-Aboudy FK, Alawadi AR, Mustafa YF. The mechanisms, functions and clinical applications of miR-542-3p in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154724. [PMID: 37542861 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs, as a major type of noncoding RNAs, have crucial roles in various functions during development. Available data have shown that miR-542-3p decreased in various types of cancers. MiR-542-3p is engaged in various cancer-related behaviors like glycolysis, metastasis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferation via targeting at least 18 genes and some important signaling pathways like Wnt/β-catenin, Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) signaling, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling. Current studies have proposed that the level of miR-542-3p could be modulated by several upstream regulators like transcription factors, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In addition, the level of miR-542-3p or its related lncRNAs/circRNAs are correlated with poor prognosis and clinicopathological features of cancer-affected patients. Here, we have discussed the biogenesis, function, and regulation of miR-542-3p as well as its aberrant expression in various types of neoplastic cells. Moreover, we have discussed the prognostic value of miR-542-3p in cancer. Finally, we have added the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-542-3p in cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nodir Rakhimov
- Head of the Department of Oncology, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Makhtumkuli 103, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura Pin Code 281406, U. P., India.
| | | | - Ali Alsalamy
- Department of Computer Technical engineering, College of Information Technology Imam Ja'afarAl-Sadiq University Al-Muthanna, Iraq
| | - Ebraheem Abdu Musad Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawasir 11991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Radhi Alawadi
- Medical Analysis Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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A nucleolin-activated polyvalent aptamer nanoprobe for the detection of cancer cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2217-2226. [PMID: 36864310 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of cancer cells plays a critical role in early cancer diagnosis. Nucleolin, overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells, is regarded as a candidate biomarker for cancer diagnosis. Thus, cancer cells can be detected through the detection of membrane nucleolin. Herein, we designed a nucleolin-activated polyvalent aptamer nanoprobe (PAN) to detect cancer cells. In brief, a long single-stranded DNA with many repeated sequences was synthesized through rolling circle amplification (RCA). Then the RCA product acted as a scaffold chain to combine with multiple AS1411 sequences, which was doubly modified with fluorophore and quenching group, respectively. The fluorescence of PAN was initially quenched. Upon binding to target protein, the conformation of PAN changed, leading to the recovery of fluorescence. The fluorescence signal of cancer cells treated with PAN was much brighter compared with that of monovalent aptamer nanoprobes (MAN) at the same concentration. Furthermore, the binding affinity of PAN to B16 cells was proved to be 30 times higher than that of MAN by calculating the dissociation constants. The results indicated that PAN could specifically detect target cells, and this design concept has potential to become promising in cancer diagnosis.
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miR-4653-3p overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via HIPK2 downregulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17927. [PMID: 36289359 PMCID: PMC9606280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignant tumor. Several upregulated and downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with invasiveness, tumorigenesis, and prognosis of PDAC. Herein, using in situ hybridization, we evaluated miR-4653-3p expression and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and the association between miR-4653-3p expression and clinicopathological factors in PDAC patients. The miR-4653-3p target was also identified. Ninety PDAC cases, including 30 each with normal pancreatic ducts, low-grade PanINs, and high-grade PanINs, were evaluated. miR-4653-3p expression increased in the order-normal pancreatic duct, low-grade PanIN, high-grade PanIN, and PDAC-with no expression detected in normal pancreatic duct. High expression significantly correlated with advanced pathological T stage, lymph node metastasis, advanced Union for International Cancer Control stage, perineural invasion, venous involvement, and shorter overall and disease-specific survival. Homeodomain Interacting Protein Kinase 2 (HIPK2) was identified as a miR-4653-3p target based on mRNA microarray analysis and database screening. In MIA PaCa-2 cells, miR-4653-3p significantly downregulated HIPK2 expression. HIPK2 expression, unlike that of miR-4653-3p, decreased in the order-normal pancreatic duct, low-grade PanIN, high-grade PanIN, and PDAC. Low HIPK2 expression was associated with shorter overall and disease-specific survival in PDAC patients. Thus, miR-4653-3p associates with tumorigenesis and worse prognosis, partly by reducing HIPK2 expression.
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CircAGFG1 acts as a sponge of miR-4306 to stimulate esophageal cancer progression by modulating MAPRE2 expression. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151776. [PMID: 34461454 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aims to determine the role of circular RNA (circRNA) AGFG1 and related molecular mechanism in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. METHODS CircAGFG1 expression in ESCC cell lines was probed with qRT-PCR. ESCC cells were transfected/cotransfected with si-circAGFG1, pcDNA3.1-circAGFG1, si-Microtubule Associated Protein RP/EB Family Member 2 (MAPRE2), pcDNA3.1-circAGFG1 + miR-4306 mimic or pcDNA3.1-circAGFG1 + si-MAPRE2. The interactions between circAGFG1 and miR-4306 as well as miR-4306 and MAPRE2 were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8, cell scratch and Transwell assays, respectively. Relative RNA expression levels of circAGFG1, miR-4306 and MAPRE2 in ESCC cells were measured by qRT-PCR. The protein level of MAPRE2 in ESCC cells was monitored by Western blot. RESULTS CircAGFG1 was observably upregulated in ESCC cell lines. Besides, circAGFG1 silencing hindered ESCC cell development in vitro, and these effects were enhanced by miR-4306 overexpression or MAPRE2 silencing. Mechanistic analysis evidenced that circAGFG1 might act as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-4306 to relieve the repressive effect of miR-4306 on its target MAPRE2. CONCLUSION CircAGFG1 facilitates ESCC progression via the miR-4306/MAPRE2 axis, and it may act as a possible biomarker for therapy and diagnosis in ESCC treatment.
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Zhang F, Yong L, Hua X, You F, Wang B, Feng YL, Mao L. Noble-metal nanoparticle labelling multiplex miRNAs by ICP-MS readout with internal standard isotopes of 115In and 209Bi. Analyst 2021; 146:2074-2082. [PMID: 33566037 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01975e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is one of the most powerful techniques for multiplex nucleotide assay owing to the virtue of the high resolution of multiple-elements' mass to charge ratio, in a mass spectrum. Here, a small sized (less than 20 nm) noble-metal nanoparticle labelled ICP-MS (NP-ICP-MS) is proposed for high-throughput microRNA (miRNA) determination. Three miRNA targets - miR-486-5p, miR-221, and miR-21 - in serum, were distinguished by single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes labelled with a small sized noble-metal nanoparticle - silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The counting isotopes ion intensity per second (CPS) of the noble-metal label versus internal standard isotope intensity of 115In and 209Bi, exhibited good linearity in the range 0.25 pM to 100 pM with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.9680, 0.9305, and 0.9418. The specific sandwich-type miRNA assay using the sensitive NP-ICP-MS readout pushed the detection limits down to 0.18 pM for miR-221, 0.23 pM for miR-486-5p, and 0.22 pM for miR-21. And the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for 10 pM target miRNA were less than 3.7%. This work promises a potential ultrasensitive ICP-MS bioassay of multiplex miRNA biomarkers for clinical serum diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- Institute of Physicochemical Detection, Sichuan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Wang Y, Zhong X, Zhou L, Lu J, Jiang B, Liu C, Guo J. Prognostic Biomarkers for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: An Umbrella Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1466. [PMID: 33042793 PMCID: PMC7527774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) leads to the majority of cancer-related deaths due to its morbidity with similar mortality. Lack of effective prognostic biomarkers are the main reason for belated post-operative intervention of recurrence which causes high mortality. Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have explored the prognostic value of biomarkers in PDAC so far. In this article, we performed an umbrella review analyzing these studies to provide an overview of associations between prognostic biomarkers and PDAC survival outcome and synthesized these results to guide better clinical practice. Methods: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the associations between PDAC survival outcomes and prognostic biomarkers were acquired via the PubMed and Embase databases from inception till February 1, 2020. Associations supported by nominally statistically significant results were classified into strong, highly suggestive, suggestive, and weak based on several critical factors such as the statistical significance of summary estimates, the number of events, the estimate of the largest study included, interstudy heterogeneity, small-study effects, 95% predictive interval (PI), excess significance bias, and the results of credibility ceiling sensitivity analyses. Results: We included 41 meta-analyses containing 63 associations between PDAC survival outcomes and prognostic biomarkers. Although, none was supported by strong evidence among these associations, an association between C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) and PDAC overall survival (OS) and an association between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and PDAC OS were supported by highly suggestive evidence. Otherwise, the association between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and PDAC OS was supported by suggestive evidence. The remaining 60 associations were supported by weak or not suggestive evidence. Conclusion: Associations between CAR or NLR and PDAC OS were supported by highly suggestive evidence. And the association between LDH and PDAC OS was supported by suggestive evidence. Although the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews and meta-analyses which were evaluated by AMSTAR2.0 is generally poor, the identification of the relatively robust prognostic biomarkers of PDAC may guide better post-operative intervention and follow-up to prolong patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bolun Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junchao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Research progress on long non-coding RNAs and their roles as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:457. [PMID: 32973402 PMCID: PMC7493950 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the main causes of tumor-related deaths worldwide because of its low morbidity but extremely high mortality, and is therefore colloquially known as the "king of cancer." Sudden onset and lack of early diagnostic biomarkers directly contribute to the extremely high mortality rate of pancreatic cancer patients, and also make it indistinguishable from benign pancreatic diseases and precancerous pancreatic lesions. Additionally, the lack of effective prognostic biomarkers makes it difficult for clinicians to formulate precise follow-up strategies based on the postoperative characteristics of the patients, which results in missed early diagnosis of recurrent pancreatic cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can influence cell proliferation, invasion/migration, apoptosis, and even chemoresistance via regulation of various signaling pathways, leading to pro- or anti-cancer outcomes. Given the versatile effects of lncRNAs on tumor progression, using a single lncRNA or combination of several lncRNAs may be an effective method for tumor diagnosis and prognostic predictions. This review will give a comprehensive overview of the most recent research related to lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer progression, as targeted therapies, and as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.
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Cost-effectiveness of Abdominal Ultrasound Versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Pancreatic Cancer Screening in Familial High-Risk Individuals in Japan. Pancreas 2020; 49:1052-1056. [PMID: 32769852 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess cost-effectiveness of abdominal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasound, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and no screening for pancreatic cancer screening in familial high-risk individuals (HRIs). METHODS We developed decision trees with Markov models for a hypothetical cohort of familial HRIs at the age of 50 year using a healthcare sector perspective and a lifetime horizon. Main outcomes were costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. RESULTS In a base-case analysis, abdominal ultrasound was the most cost-effective (US $11,035, 17.4875 QALYs). Magnetic resonance imaging yielded the best benefits. Cost-effectiveness was sensitive to the incidence of pancreatic cancer. Endoscopic ultrasound was more cost-effective than abdominal ultrasound when the incidence of pancreatic cancer was greater than 0.008 and under 0.016. Magnetic resonance imaging was more cost-effective than endoscopic ultrasound when the incidence of pancreatic cancer was greater than 0.016. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte-Carlo simulation for 10,000 trials demonstrated that abdominal ultrasound was cost-effective 76% of the time at a willingness-to-pay threshold of US $50,000/QALY gained. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal ultrasound is the most cost-effective and recommended for pancreatic cancer screening in familial HRIs in Japan. Evaluating the risk of pancreatic cancer among familial HRIs as a target for screening is significant.
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Yan Q, Hu D, Li M, Chen Y, Wu X, Ye Q, Wang Z, He L, Zhu J. The Serum MicroRNA Signatures for Pancreatic Cancer Detection and Operability Evaluation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:379. [PMID: 32411694 PMCID: PMC7201024 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has high morbidity and mortality. It is the fourth leading cause of cancer death. Its diagnosis and treatment are difficult. Liquid biopsy makes early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer possible. We analyzed the expression profiles of 2,555 serum miRNAs in 100 pancreatic cancer patients and 150 healthy controls. With advanced feature selection methods, we identified 13 pancreatic cancer signature miRNAs that can classify the pancreatic cancer patients and healthy controls. For pancreatic cancer treatment, operation is still the first choice. But many pancreatic cancer patients are already inoperable. Therefore, we compared the 79 inoperable and 21 operable patients and identified 432 miRNAs that can predict whether a pancreatic cancer patient was operable. The functional analysis of the 13 pancreatic cancer signatures and the 432 operability miRNAs revealed the molecular mechanisms of pancreatic cancer and shield light on the diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuliang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maolan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangsong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghuang Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhe He
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Cheng K, Feng L, Yu S, Yu C, Chi N. MicroRNA-769-5p Inhibits Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression by Directly Targeting and Downregulating ETS Proto-Oncogene 1. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11737-11750. [PMID: 32099382 PMCID: PMC6997441 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s218876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose MicroRNA-769-5p (miR-769) is aberrantly expressed and plays crucial roles in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. However, the expression pattern, biological role, and mechanisms of action of miR-769 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, we attempted to determine the potential regulatory function of miR-769 in PDAC progression and to explore the underlying mechanisms in detail. Methods In this study, reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was carried out to determine the expression profile of miR-769 in PDAC. A series of experiments, including a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow-cytometric analysis, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and a xenograft animal model, were applied to test whether miR-769 affects the malignancy of PDAC. Results We found that miR-769 was significantly underexpressed in PDAC tissues and cell lines. The low miR-769 expression significantly correlated with the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Patients with PDAC harboring low miR-769 expression showed shorter overall survival than did the patients with high miR-769 expression. Forced upregulation of miR-769 suppressed PDAC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro; promoted apoptosis in vitro; and hindered tumor growth in vivo. Experiments on the mechanism identified ETS proto-oncogene 1 (ETS1) as a direct target gene of miR-769 in PDAC cells. Furthermore, ETS1 turned out to be upregulated in PDAC tissue samples, and the upregulation of ETS1 negatively correlated with miR-769 expression. Moreover, ETS1 knockdown simulated the tumor-suppressive effects of miR-769 overexpression on PDAC cells. Besides, ETS1 reintroduction attenuated the antitumor actions of miR-769 upregulation in PDAC cells. Conclusion Our findings indicate that miR-769 performs tumor-suppressive functions in PDAC by directly targeting ETS1, and this miRNA may represent a potential therapeutic target for the development of anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, People's Republic of China
| | - Nannan Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, People's Republic of China
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14
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Chhatriya B, Mukherjee M, Ray S, Sarkar P, Chatterjee S, Nath D, Das K, Goswami S. Comparison of tumour and serum specific microRNA changes dissecting their role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1175. [PMID: 31795960 PMCID: PMC6891989 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered as one of the most aggressive cancers lacking efficient early detection biomarkers. Circulating miRNAs are now being considered to have potency to be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in different diseases as well as cancers. In case of cancer, a fraction of the circulating miRNAs is actually derived from the tumour tissue. This fraction would function as stable biomarker for the disease and also would contribute to the understanding of the disease development. There are not many studies exploring this aspect in pancreatic cancer and even there is not much overlap of results between existing studies. Methods In order to address that gap, we performed a miRNA microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed circulating miRNAs between PDAC patients and normal healthy individuals and also found two more similar datasets to perform a meta-analysis using a total of 182 PDAC patients and 170 normal, identifying a set of miRNAs significantly altered in patient serum. Next, we found five datasets studying miRNA expression profile in tumour tissues of PDAC patients as compared to normal pancreas and performed a second meta-analysis using data from a total of 183 pancreatic tumour and 47 normal pancreas to detect significantly deregulated miRNAs in pancreatic carcinoma. Comparison of these two lists and subsequent search for their target genes which were also deregulated in PDAC in inverse direction to miRNAs was done followed by investigation of their role in disease development. Results We identified 21 miRNAs altered in both pancreatic tumour tissue and serum. While deciphering the functions of their target genes, we characterized key miR-Gene interactions perturbing the biological pathways. We identified important cancer related pathways, pancreas specific pathways, AGE-RAGE signaling, prolactin signaling and insulin resistance signaling pathways among the most affected ones. We also reported the possible involvement of crucial transcription factors in the process. Conclusions Our study identified a unique meta-signature of 21 miRNAs capable of explaining pancreatic carcinogenesis and possibly holding the potential to act as biomarker for the disease detection which could be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moumita Mukherjee
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukanta Ray
- School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Piyali Sarkar
- Present Address: Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Debashis Nath
- Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - Kshaunish Das
- School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Srikanta Goswami
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
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15
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Kwon WY, Cha BS, Kim S, Hwang SH, Kim JM, Kalimuthu K, Park HG, Park KS. Fluorescence polarization-based detection of cancer-related mutations using target-initiated rolling circle amplification. Analyst 2019; 144:4149-4152. [PMID: 31237578 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00429g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We devised a new method to detect cancer-related mutations based on target-initiated rolling circle amplification in combination with fluorescence polarization. We then applied this method to identify the presence of KRAS G13D and G12D, two of the most frequent mutations found in colorectal cancer patients, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Young Kwon
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Seok Cha
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seokjoon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Hyun Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kalishwaralal Kalimuthu
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Gyu Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK 21+ program), KAIST, Daehak-ro 291, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Soo Park
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Chen ZM, Yu Q, Chen G, Tang RX, Luo DZ, Dang YW, Wei DM. MiR-193a-3p inhibits pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell proliferation by targeting CCND1. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:4825-4837. [PMID: 31213904 PMCID: PMC6549772 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s199257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could modulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by promoting mRNA degradation or blocking mRNA translation, thus affecting the occurrence and development of cancer. Methods: In this work, qRT-PCR was conducted to detect the expression of miR-193a-3p and CCND1. The ability of cell proliferation was evaluated via CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were detected by flow cytometry. Bioinformatic techniques were employed to research the regulatory relationship between miR-193a-3p and target genes. The relationship between miR-193a-3p and CCND1 was verified via dual-luciferase reporter assays. Results: MiR-193a-3p expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissue was significantly lower than in non-cancerous tissue. After overexpressing miR-193a-3p in PDAC cells, their multiplication ability was significantly inhibited, apoptosis was accelerated, and the cell cycle was blocked in the G1 and G2/M phases. CCND1 was confirmed to have a targeted relationship with miR-193a-3p. Moreover, CCND1 expression was significantly lower in PDAC cells with an overexpression of miR-193a-3p. Conclusions: MiR-193a-3p targeted CCND1 to suppress tumor growth in PDAC cells. MiR-193a-3p may function as a tumor inhibitor in PDAC development, which could offer a promising therapeutic and prognostic strategy for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xue Tang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Dian-Zhong Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Ming Wei
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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17
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Ma J, Cao T, Cui Y, Zhang F, Shi Y, Xia J, Wang ZP. miR-223 Regulates Cell Proliferation and Invasion via Targeting PDS5B in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 14:583-592. [PMID: 30776580 PMCID: PMC6378631 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that miR-223 is critically involved in the progression of pancreatic cancer (PC); however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. In the present study, we explored the molecular basis of miR-223-mediated tumor progression in PC. We performed numerous approaches including MTT, FACS, transfection, RT-PCR, western blotting, Transwell, and animal studies to determine the physiological role of miR-223 in PC cells. We found that sister chromatid cohesion protein PDS5 homolog B (PDS5B) is a direct target of miR-223 in PC. Moreover, PDS5B exhibits tumor-suppressive function in PC cells. Consistently, ectopic overexpression of PDS5B reversed miR-223-mediated tumor progression in PC cells. These results suggest that the miR-223/PDS5B axis regulates cell proliferation and invasion in PC cells. Our findings indicated that downregulation of miR-223 could be a novel therapeutic approach for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Tong Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratorial Examination, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Yue Cui
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Adagene Limited Company, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China.
| | - Z Peter Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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18
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Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Popovici SE, Bratu T, Popoiu CM, Nitu R, Dragomir T, AAbed HIM, Ivan MV. MicroRNA Expression is Associated with Sepsis Disorders in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients. Cells 2018; 7:E271. [PMID: 30551680 PMCID: PMC6316368 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A critically ill polytrauma patient is one of the most complex cases to be admitted to the intensive care unit, due to both the primary traumatic complications and the secondary post-traumatic interactions. From a molecular, genetic, and epigenetic point of view, numerous biochemical interactions are responsible for the deterioration of the clinical status of a patient, and increased mortality rates. From a molecular viewpoint, microRNAs are one of the most complex macromolecular systems due to the numerous modular reactions and interactions that they are involved in. Regarding the expression and activity of microRNAs in sepsis, their usefulness has reached new levels of significance. MicroRNAs can be used both as an early biomarker for sepsis, and as a therapeutic target because of their ability to block the complex reactions involved in the initiation, maintenance, and augmentation of the clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Marius Papurica
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Tiberiu Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Calin Marius Popoiu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Razvan Nitu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Tiberiu Dragomir
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Hazzaa I M AAbed
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Mihaela Viviana Ivan
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
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19
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Karasek P, Gablo N, Hlavsa J, Kiss I, Vychytilova-Faltejskova P, Hermanova M, Kala Z, Slaby O, Prochazka V. Pre-operative Plasma miR-21-5p Is a Sensitive Biomarker and Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Surgical Resection. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:321-327. [PMID: 29976637 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as a clinically useful tool for non-invasive detection and prognosis estimation in various cancer types including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The aim of the present study was to provide an independent validation of circulating miRNAs identified in previous studies as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in PDAC. Based on the literature search, 6 miRNAs were chosen as candidates for independent validation; miR-21-5p, miR-375, miR-155, miR-17-5p, miR-126-5p and miR-1290. Validation of these miRNAs was performed in a cohort of 25 patients with PDAC undergoing surgical resection and 24 healthy donors. Plasma levels of miRNAs were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. We confirmed significantly higher levels of all tested miRNA in blood plasma of PDAC patients in comparison to healthy controls with miR-21-5p showing the highest analytical performance (p<0.001; AUC>0.99). Increased levels of miR-21-5p (p=0.045) and miR-375 (p=0.013) were significantly associated with overall survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that miR-21-5p is a significant unfavorable prognostic factor independent on other clinical variables including adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio 2.95; 95% CI 1.06-8.18; p=0.038). Our preliminary data indicate promising diagnostic and prognostic utility of plasma miR-21-5p in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Karasek
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Gablo
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hlavsa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Marketa Hermanova
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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20
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Wei L, Yao K, Gan S, Suo Z. Clinical utilization of serum- or plasma-based miRNAs as early detection biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis up to now. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12132. [PMID: 30170450 PMCID: PMC6392607 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal disease, however current screening methods unable to achieve early diagnosis. Blood-based microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising molecular biomarkers for detecting PC. This meta-analysis summaries studies identifying serum- or plasma-based miRNAs dysregulated in PC patients compared to non-PC cases to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy for characterizing PC. METHODS A systematically reviews and meta-analysis of published studies was conducted to compare the serum or plasma miRNAs expressions between PC patients and non-PC cases. Summary estimates for sensitivity, specificity, along with other measures of accuracy of miRNAs in the diagnosis of PC were pooled using the random-effects model. I and Q tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of included studies. The Spearman test was used to analyze the threshold effect. RESULTS Twenty-seven eligible studies were identified after electronic search and literature selection. For single miRNA dysregulation, 32 miRNAs were found to be upregulated in PC patients, and 5 miRNAs were downregulated. Four studies identified a 2-miRNA panel, and 10 studies identified a panel consisting of 3 or more miRNAs which were used to detect PC patients. Additionally, 8 studies combined miRNA panels and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) to diagnose PC. The pooled sensitivities for these 4 groups were 0.77 to 0.85, and specificities were 0.70 to 0.87. The highest area under the curve (AUC), 0.9308, was identified using 2 miRNA panels with sensitivity and specificity of 0.79 (0.74-0.83) and 0.85 (0.81-0.89), respectively. There was great heterogeneity of these 4 miRNA groups. Results of Spearman test revealed that there existed a threshold effect on single miRNA group (r=-0.437, P=.001), and none of the other groups (P all>.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum- or plasma-based miRNAs are capable of distinguishing PC from non-PC with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. In future, miRNAs may be used as promising diagnostic biomarkers for detection of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kunhou Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan Province, China
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21
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Guo S, Fesler A, Wang H, Ju J. microRNA based prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic Cancer. Biomark Res 2018; 6:18. [PMID: 29942514 PMCID: PMC5963153 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-018-0131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous research efforts focused on diagnosis and treatment, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 5%. Although resistance is rather complex, emerging evidence has demonstrated that epigenetic alterations (e.g. miRNA) have important roles in PDAC progression as well as resistance to therapy. Certain miRNAs have been identified as potential prognostic biomarkers in PDAC. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in miRNA research related to PDAC therapeutic resistance mechanisms and the potential of miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for future clinical management of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiang Guo
- 1Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 USA.,2Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew Fesler
- 1Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 USA
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- 2Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Ju
- 1Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 USA
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22
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Han H, Wang L, Xu J, Wang A. miR-128 induces pancreas cancer cell apoptosis by targeting MDM4. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5017-5022. [PMID: 29805525 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA/miRs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules (19-25 nucleotides in length), which function to regulate gene expression. It has been reported that miR-128 serves an important role in regulating cancer cell growth; increasing evidence has indicated that the expression of miR-128 is decreased in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. However, the specific mechanisms of miR-128 in regulating PC cell growth are unclear. In the present study, it was confirmed that the expression of miR-128 was significantly decreased within PC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. In addition, miR-128 mimics inhibited PC MIA-PaCa2 cell growth by enhancing cell apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner. Furthermore, the results of the present study demonstrated that double minute 4 (MDM4) may be a direct target for miR-128 via a dual luciferase report assay; miR-128 may inhibit MDM4 expression, and increase p53 and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels. In summary, the present study indicated that miR-128 is downregulated in PC, and it may be a promising target for future PC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Aikun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
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23
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Guo X, Lv X, Lv X, Ma Y, Chen L, Chen Y. Circulating miR-21 serves as a serum biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma and correlated with distant metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:44050-44058. [PMID: 28477010 PMCID: PMC5546461 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum miRNAs have gained great popularity to act as circulating biomarkers of several cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of serum miR-21 as novel biomarkers for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other controls. A total of 533 individuals were recruited and conducted in a two-step analysis. The pilot group included 40 HCC patients and 40 healthy donors. The expression levels of miR-21 were significantly higher in primary HCC tissues than in adjacent noncancerous tissues (P<0.0001). HCC patients exhibited significantly higher serum levels of miR-21 than HD (P<0.0001). In the verification group, the mean serum levels of miR-21 in 175 patients with HCC were significantly higher than in 64 with CHB, 78 with LC and 136 HD (all P<0.0001). ROC curves demonstrated that the AUC of miR-21 was 0.849, sensitivity 82.1% and specificity 83.9%. Furthermore, serum miR-21 maintained its diagnostic efficiency in AFP-negative HCC subgroups with AUC 0.831, sensitivity 81.2% and specificity 83.2%. The serum levels of miR-21 could distinguish HCC from CHB and LC (AUC 0.789, sensitivity 76.9%, specificity 85.7% and AUC 0.814, sensitivity 80.8%, specificity 72.9%, respectively). In addition, the serum levels of miR-21 were significantly associated with clinical stage (P=0.006) and distant metastasis (P=0.000). Thus, our findings suggest that miR-21 together with AFP may help enhance the diagnosis of HCC, especially of AFP-negative HCC, and could distinguish HCC from CHB and LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China.,Department of Endoscopic Surgery, Chinese PLA 451st Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yueyun Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Guo J, Yuan C, Yan Q, Duan Q, Li X, Yi G. An electrochemical biosensor for microRNA-196a detection based on cyclic enzymatic signal amplification and template-free DNA extension reaction with the adsorption of methylene blue. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 105:103-108. [PMID: 29367007 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive electrochemical biosensor was developed for microRNA-196a detection, which is of important diagnostic significance for pancreatic cancer. It was based on cyclic enzymatic signal amplification (CESA) and template-free DNA extension reaction. In the presence of microRNA-196a, duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) catalyzed the digestion of the 3'-PO4 terminated capture probe (CP), resulting in the target recycling amplification. Meanwhile, the 3'-OH terminal of CP was exposed. Then, template-free DNA extension reaction was triggered by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), producing amounts of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). After ssDNA absorbed numerous methylene blue (MB), an ultrasensitive electrochemical readout was obtained. Based on this dual amplification mechanism, the proposed biosensor exhibited a high sensitivity for detection of microRNA-196a down to 15 aM with a linear range from 0.05 fM to 50 pM. This biosensor displayed high specificity, which could discriminate target microRNAs from one base mismatched microRNAs. It also showed good reproducibility and stability. Furthermore, it was successfully applied to the determination of microRNA-196a in plasma samples. In conclusion, with the excellent analytical performance, this biosensor might have the potential for application in clinical diagnostics of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Changjing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Duan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Gang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Gress TM, Lausser L, Schirra LR, Ortmüller L, Diels R, Kong B, Michalski CW, Hackert T, Strobel O, Giese NA, Schenk M, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A, Kestler HA, Buchholz M. Combined microRNA and mRNA microfluidic TaqMan array cards for the diagnosis of malignancy of multiple types of pancreatico-biliary tumors in fine-needle aspiration material. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108223-108237. [PMID: 29296236 PMCID: PMC5746138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to carry the lowest survival rates among all solid tumors. A marked resistance against available therapies, late clinical presentation and insufficient means for early diagnosis contribute to the dismal prognosis. Novel biomarkers are thus required to aid treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes. We describe here a multi-omics molecular platform that allows for the first time to simultaneously analyze miRNA and mRNA expression patterns from minimal amounts of biopsy material on a single microfluidic TaqMan Array card. Expression profiles were generated from 113 prospectively collected fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) from patients undergoing surgery for suspect masses in the pancreas. Molecular classifiers were constructed using support vector machines, and rigorously evaluated for diagnostic performance using 10×10fold cross validation. The final combined miRNA/mRNA classifier demonstrated a sensitivity of 91.7%, a specificity of 94.5%, and an overall diagnostic accuracy of 93.0% for the differentiation between PDAC and benign pancreatic masses, clearly outperfoming miRNA-only classifiers. The classification algorithm also performed very well in the diagnosis of other types of solid tumors (acinar cell carcinomas, ampullary cancer and distal bile duct carcinomas), but was less suited for the diagnostic analysis of cystic lesions. We thus demonstrate that simultaneous analysis of miRNA and mRNA biomarkers from FNAB samples using multi-omics TaqMan Array cards is suitable to differentiate suspect solid pancreatic masses with high precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Gress
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Lausser
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Ortmüller
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ramona Diels
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph W Michalski
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalia A Giese
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Schenk
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer and Department of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer and Department of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Hans A Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Malte Buchholz
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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26
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Qu K, Zhang X, Lin T, Liu T, Wang Z, Liu S, Zhou L, Wei J, Chang H, Li K, Wang Z, Liu C, Wu Z. Circulating miRNA-21-5p as a diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer: evidence from comprehensive miRNA expression profiling analysis and clinical validation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1692. [PMID: 28490741 PMCID: PMC5431820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal disease worldwide and is often misdiagnosed in its early stages. The exploration of novel non-invasive biomarkers will definitely benefit PC patients. Recently, circulating miRNAs in body fluids are emerging as non-invasive biomarkers for PC diagnosis. In this study, we first conducted comprehensive robust rank aggregation (RRA) analysis based on 21 published miRome profiling studies. We statistically identified and clinically validated a miRNA expression pattern in PC patients. These miRNAs consisted of four up-regulated (hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-31-5p, hsa-miR-210-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p) and three down-regulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-217, hsa-miR-148a-3p and hsa-miR-375). Among them, hsa-miR-21-5p was one of the most highly expressed miRNAs in the serum of PC patients. Our validation test further suggested a relatively high accuracy of serum hsa-miR-21-5p levels in the diagnosis of PC, with a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity of 0.80. Finally, a diagnostic meta-analysis based on 9 studies also revealed favorable sensitivity and specificity of circulating hsa-miR-21-5p for the diagnosis of PC (pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.76 and 0.74, respectively), which was consistent with our findings. Taken together, as one of the most aberrantly expressed miRNAs in PC, circulating hsa-miR-21-5p might be a promising serum biomarker in patients with PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Sushun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Jichao Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Hulin Chang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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27
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Abreu FBD, Liu X, Tsongalis GJ. miRNA analysis in pancreatic cancer: the Dartmouth experience. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 55:755-762. [PMID: 28343174 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is considered one of the most lethal cancers being the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in adults in the United States because of the lack of early signs and symptoms and the lack of early detection. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common histological type among pancreatic cancers, representing 80%-90% of all solid tumors of the pancreas. The majority of PDAC develops from three precursor lesions: pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductual papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm. Although histologic tissue evaluation remains the gold standard for diagnosis, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration has become the preferred modality for obtaining pathologic confirmation. At Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC),we have developed and validated a microRNA (miRNA) panel for patients with pancreatic diseases that can be used in association with the gold standard method for diagnosis. miRNAs have an important role in biological processes, such as apoptosis, metabolism, cell growth and differentiation. In cancer, miRNAs can be classified as either oncogenic or tumor suppressor according to their function in the carcinogenic process. In this study, we describe the expression of many miRNA in benign and malignant pancreatic tissues as well as their clinical significance. For this reason, miRNAs have been considered potential biomarkers of pancreatic diseases that could potentially contribute to an early diagnosis, predict disease progression, accurately monitor disease, contribute to better treatment strategies and reduce mortality by improving disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine B de Abreu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Gregory J Tsongalis
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756
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