1
|
Baek S, Naing AH, Kang H, Chung MY, Kim CK. Overexpression of acdS in petunia reduces ethylene production and improves tolerance to heat stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024. [PMID: 38858861 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Petunia hybrida, widely grown as a bedding plant, has reduced growth and flower quality at temperatures above 30 °C (heat stress), primarily due to heat stress-induced ethylene (ET) production. The gene acdS encodes the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase (ACCD) enzyme, which is known for its role in reducing ET production by breaking down the ET precursor, ACC, in plant tissues. This study investigated the impact of heat stress on both 'Mirage Rose' WT petunia and its acdS-overexpressing transgenic lines. Heat stress-induced growth inhibition was observed in WT plants but not in transgenic plants. The increased stress tolerance of transgenic plants over WT plants was associated with lower ET production, ROS accumulation, higher SPAD values, water content, and relative water content. Furthermore, higher sensitivity of the WT to heat stress than the transgenic plants was confirmed by analysing ET signalling genes, heat shock transcription factor genes, and antioxidant- and proline-related genes, more strongly induced in WT than in transgenic plants. Overall, this study suggests the potential application of acdS overexpression in other floriculture plants as a viable strategy for developing heat stress-tolerant varieties. This approach holds promise for advancing the floricultural industry by overcoming challenges related to heat-induced growth inhibition and loss of flower quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Baek
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - A H Naing
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - H Kang
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - M Y Chung
- Department of Agricultural Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - C K Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gautam H, Khan S, Nidhi, Sofo A, Khan NA. Appraisal of the Role of Gaseous Signaling Molecules in Thermo-Tolerance Mechanisms in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:791. [PMID: 38592775 PMCID: PMC10975175 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
A significant threat to the ongoing rise in temperature caused by global warming. Plants have many stress-resistance mechanisms, which is responsible for maintaining plant homeostasis. Abiotic stresses largely increase gaseous molecules' synthesis in plants. The study of gaseous signaling molecules has gained attention in recent years. The role of gaseous molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), and ethylene, in plants under temperature high-temperature stress are discussed in the current review. Recent studies revealed the critical function that gaseous molecules play in controlling plant growth and development and their ability to respond to various abiotic stresses. Here, we provide a thorough overview of current advancements that prevent heat stress-related plant damage via gaseous molecules. We also explored and discussed the interaction of gaseous molecules. In addition, we provided an overview of the role played by gaseous molecules in high-temperature stress responses, along with a discussion of the knowledge gaps and how this may affect the development of high-temperature-resistant plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Gautam
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Nidhi
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, Cultural Heritage (DiCEM), University of Basilicata, 75100 Matera, Italy
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
John S, Apelt F, Kumar A, Acosta IF, Bents D, Annunziata MG, Fichtner F, Gutjahr C, Mueller-Roeber B, Olas JJ. The transcription factor HSFA7b controls thermomemory at the shoot apical meristem by regulating ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in Arabidopsis. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100743. [PMID: 37919897 PMCID: PMC10943549 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) is responsible for overall shoot growth by generating all aboveground structures. Recent research has revealed that the SAM displays an autonomous heat stress (HS) memory of a previous non-lethal HS event. Considering the importance of the SAM for plant growth, it is essential to determine how its thermomemory is mechanistically controlled. Here, we report that HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR A7b (HSFA7b) plays a crucial role in this process in Arabidopsis, as the absence of functional HSFA7b results in the temporal suppression of SAM activity after thermopriming. We found that HSFA7b directly regulates ethylene response at the SAM by binding to the promoter of the key ethylene signaling gene ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3 to establish thermotolerance. Moreover, we demonstrated that HSFA7b regulates the expression of ETHYLENE OVERPRODUCER 1 (ETO1) and ETO1-LIKE 1, both of which encode ethylene biosynthesis repressors, thereby ensuring ethylene homeostasis at the SAM. Taken together, these results reveal a crucial and tissue-specific role for HSFA7b in thermomemory at the Arabidopsis SAM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheeba John
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 20, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Federico Apelt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Amit Kumar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, 6700 AP Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ivan F Acosta
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dominik Bents
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Maria Grazia Annunziata
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 20, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Franziska Fichtner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Caroline Gutjahr
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 20, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), 14 St. Knyaz Boris 1 Pokrastitel Str., 4023 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Justyna J Olas
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 20, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hornai EML, Aycan M, Mitsui T. The Promising B-Type Response Regulator hst1 Gene Provides Multiple High Temperature and Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2385. [PMID: 38397061 PMCID: PMC10889171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High temperatures, drought, and salt stresses severely inhibit plant growth and production due to the effects of climate change. The Arabidopsis ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12 genes were identified as negative salt and drought stress regulators. However, in rice, the tolerance capacity of the hst1 gene, which is orthologous to the ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12 genes, to drought and multiple high temperature and drought stresses remains unknown. At the seedling and reproductive stages, we investigated the drought (DS) high temperature (HT) and multiple high temperature and drought stress (HT+DS) tolerance capacity of the YNU31-2-4 (YNU) genotype, which carries the hst1 gene, and its nearest genomic relative Sister Line (SL), which has a 99% identical genome without the hst1 gene. At the seedling stage, YNU demonstrated greater growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity, and decreased ROS accumulation under multiple HT+DS conditions. The YNU genotype also demonstrated improved yield potential and grain quality due to higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower ROS generation throughout the reproductive stage under multiple HT+DS settings. Furthermore, for the first time, we discovered that the B-type response regulator hst1 gene controls ROS generation and antioxidant enzyme activities by regulating upstream and downstream genes to overcome yield reduction under multiple high temperatures and drought stress. This insight will help us to better understand the mechanisms of high temperature and drought stress tolerance in rice, as well as the evolution of tolerant crops that can survive increased salinity to provide food security during climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ermelinda Maria Lopes Hornai
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- National Division of Research and Statistics, Timor-Leste Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forest, Dili 626, Timor-Leste
| | - Murat Aycan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mitsui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alvi AF, Khan S, Khan NA. Hydrogen sulfide and ethylene regulate sulfur-mediated stomatal and photosynthetic responses and heat stress acclimation in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108437. [PMID: 38368727 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The gaseous signaling molecules, ethylene (ET) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are well known for their ability to mitigate abiotic stress, but how they interact with mineral nutrients under heat stress is unclear. We have studied the involvement of ET and H2S in adaptation of heat stress on the availability of sulfur (S) levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Heat stress (40 °C) negatively impacted growth and photosynthetic-sulfur use efficiency (p-SUE), with accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in six rice cultivars, namely PS 2511, Birupa, Nidhi, PB 1509, PB 1728, and Panvel. Supplementation of S at 2.0 mM SO42- in the form of MgSO4, improved growth and photosynthetic attributes more than 1.0 mM SO42- under control (28 °C), and mitigated heat stress effects more prominently in PS 2511 (heat-tolerant) than in PB 1509 (heat-sensitive) cultivar. The higher heat stress mitigation potential of 2.0 mM SO42- in heat-tolerant cultivar was correlated with higher S-assimilation, activity of antioxidant enzymes, stomatal (stomatal conductance) and non-stomatal limitations, activity of carbonic anhydrase and Rubisco, and mesophyll conductance. The use of norbornadiene (NBD) and hypotaurine (HT), ET and H2S inhibitors, respectively, resulted in the lowest values for photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal and non-stomatal factors, implying the mediation of ET and H2S in heat stress acclimation. The connectivity of ET and H2S with S-assimilation through a common metabolite cysteine (Cys) improved heat stress adaptation in which H2S acted downstream to ET-mediated responses. Thus, the better adaptability of rice plants to heat stress may be obtained through modulation of ET and H2S via S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameena Fatima Alvi
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang J, Li L, Zhang Z, Han L, Xu L. The Effect of Ethephon on Ethylene and Chlorophyll in Zoysia japonica Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1663. [PMID: 38338942 PMCID: PMC10855035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Zoysia japonica (Zoysia japonica Steud.) is a kind of warm-season turfgrass with many excellent characteristics. However, the shorter green period and longer dormancy caused by cold stress in late autumn and winter are the most limiting factors affecting its application. A previous transcriptome analysis revealed that ethephon regulated genes in chlorophyll metabolism in Zoysia japonica under cold stress. Further experimental data are necessary to understand the effect and underlying mechanism of ethephon in regulating the cold tolerance of Zoysia japonica. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ethephon by measuring the enzyme activity, intermediates content, and gene expression related to ethylene biosynthesis, signaling, and chlorophyll metabolism. In addition, the ethylene production rate, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll a/b ratio were analyzed. The results showed that ethephon application in a proper concentration inhibited endogenous ethylene biosynthesis, but eventually promoted the ethylene production rate due to its ethylene-releasing nature. Ethephon could promote chlorophyll content and improve plant growth in Zoysia japonica under cold-stressed conditions. In conclusion, ethephon plays a positive role in releasing ethylene and maintaining the chlorophyll content in Zoysia japonica both under non-stressed and cold-stressed conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Liebao Han
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Lixin Xu
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khan S, Alvi AF, Saify S, Iqbal N, Khan NA. The Ethylene Biosynthetic Enzymes, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) Synthase (ACS) and ACC Oxidase (ACO): The Less Explored Players in Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Biomolecules 2024; 14:90. [PMID: 38254690 PMCID: PMC10813531 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethylene is an essential plant hormone, critical in various physiological processes. These processes include seed germination, leaf senescence, fruit ripening, and the plant's response to environmental stressors. Ethylene biosynthesis is tightly regulated by two key enzymes, namely 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO). Initially, the prevailing hypothesis suggested that ACS is the limiting factor in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence from various studies has demonstrated that ACO, under specific circumstances, acts as the rate-limiting enzyme in ethylene production. Under normal developmental processes, ACS and ACO collaborate to maintain balanced ethylene production, ensuring proper plant growth and physiology. However, under abiotic stress conditions, such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, or pathogen attack, the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis becomes critical for plants' survival. This review highlights the structural characteristics and examines the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational regulation of ACS and ACO and their role under abiotic stress conditions. Reviews on the role of ethylene signaling in abiotic stress adaptation are available. However, a review delineating the role of ACS and ACO in abiotic stress acclimation is unavailable. Exploring how particular ACS and ACO isoforms contribute to a specific plant's response to various abiotic stresses and understanding how they are regulated can guide the development of focused strategies. These strategies aim to enhance a plant's ability to cope with environmental challenges more effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Ameena Fatima Alvi
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sadaf Saify
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Agbemafle W, Wong MM, Bassham DC. Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of plant autophagy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6006-6022. [PMID: 37358252 PMCID: PMC10575704 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
In response to changing environmental conditions, plants activate cellular responses to enable them to adapt. One such response is autophagy, in which cellular components, for example proteins and organelles, are delivered to the vacuole for degradation. Autophagy is activated by a wide range of conditions, and the regulatory pathways controlling this activation are now being elucidated. However, key aspects of how these factors may function together to properly modulate autophagy in response to specific internal or external signals are yet to be discovered. In this review we discuss mechanisms for regulation of autophagy in response to environmental stress and disruptions in cell homeostasis. These pathways include post-translational modification of proteins required for autophagy activation and progression, control of protein stability of the autophagy machinery, and transcriptional regulation, resulting in changes in transcription of genes involved in autophagy. In particular, we highlight potential connections between the roles of key regulators and explore gaps in research, the filling of which can further our understanding of the autophagy regulatory network in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Agbemafle
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Min May Wong
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Diane C Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nazir F, Jahan B, Kumari S, Iqbal N, Albaqami M, Sofo A, Khan MIR. Brassinosteroid modulates ethylene synthesis and antioxidant metabolism to protect rice (Oryza sativa) against heat stress-induced inhibition of source‒sink capacity and photosynthetic and growth attributes. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 289:154096. [PMID: 37776751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an exploration of the efficacy of brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene in mediating heat stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). Heat is one of the major abiotic factors that prominently deteriorates rice production by influencing photosynthetic efficiency, source‒sink capacity, and growth traits. The application of BR (0.5 mM) and ethylene (200 μl l-1) either individually and/or in combination was found to alleviate heat stress-induced toxicity by significantly improving photosynthesis, source‒sink capacity and defense systems; additionally, it reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers and ethylene formation. The study revealed the positive influence of BR in promoting plant growth responses under heat stress through its interplay with ethylene biosynthesis and enhanced plant defense systems. Interestingly, treatment with the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) substantiated that BR application to heat-stressed rice plants enhanced ethylene-dependent pathways to counteract the underlying adversities. Thus, BR action was found to be mediated by ethylene to promote heat tolerance in rice. The present study sheds light on the potential tolerance mechanisms which can ensure rice sustainability under heat stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faroza Nazir
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Badar Jahan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Sarika Kumari
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, Cultural Heritage (DiCEM), University of Basilicata, Via Lanera 20, 75100, Matera, MT, Italy
| | - M Iqbal R Khan
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sharma M, Negi S, Kumar P, Srivastava DK, Choudhary MK, Irfan M. Fruit ripening under heat stress: The intriguing role of ethylene-mediated signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111820. [PMID: 37549738 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Crop production is significantly influenced by climate, and even minor climate changes can have a substantial impact on crop yields. Rising temperature due to climate change can lead to heat stress (HS) in plants, which not only hinders plant growth and development but also result in significant losses in crop yields. To cope with the different stresses including HS, plants have evolved a variety of adaptive mechanisms. In response to these stresses, phytohormones play a crucial role by generating endogenous signals that regulate the plant's defensive response. Among these, Ethylene (ET), a key phytohormone, stands out as a major regulator of stress responses in plants and regulates many plant traits, which are critical for crop productivity and nutritional quality. ET is also known as a ripening hormone for decades in climacteric fruit and many studies are available deciphering the function of different ET biosynthesis and signaling components in the ripening process. Recent studies suggest that HS significantly affects fruit quality traits and perturbs fruit ripening by altering the regulation of many ethylene biosynthesis and signaling genes resulting in substantial loss of fruit yield, quality, and postharvest stability. Despite the significant progress in this field in recent years the interplay between ET, ripening, and HS is elusive. In this review, we summarized the recent advances and current understanding of ET in regulating the ripening process under HS and explored their crosstalk at physiological and molecular levels to shed light on intricate relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shivanti Negi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mani Kant Choudhary
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iqbal N, Sehar Z, Fatma M, Khan S, Alvi AF, Mir IR, Masood A, Khan NA. Melatonin Reverses High-Temperature-Stress-Inhibited Photosynthesis in the Presence of Excess Sulfur by Modulating Ethylene Sensitivity in Mustard. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3160. [PMID: 37687406 PMCID: PMC10490298 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a pleiotropic, nontoxic, regulatory biomolecule with various functions in abiotic stress tolerance. It reverses the adverse effect of heat stress on photosynthesis in plants and helps with sulfur (S) assimilation. Our research objective aimed to find the influence of melatonin, along with excess sulfur (2 mM SO42-), in reversing heat stress's impacts on the photosynthetic ability of the mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cultivar SS2, a cultivar with low ATP-sulfurylase activity and a low sulfate transport index (STI). Further, we aimed to substantiate that the effect was a result of ethylene modulation. Melatonin in the presence of excess-S (S) increased S-assimilation and the STI by increasing the ATP-sulfurylase (ATP-S) and serine acetyltransferase (SAT) activity of SS2, and it enhanced the content of cysteine (Cys) and methionine (Met). Under heat stress, melatonin increased S-assimilation and diverted Cys towards the synthesis of more reduced glutathione (GSH), utilizing excess-S at the expense of less methionine and ethylene and resulting in plants' reduced sensitivity to stress ethylene. The treatment with melatonin plus excess-S increased antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic-S use efficiency (p-SUE), Rubisco activity, photosynthesis, and growth under heat stress. Further, plants receiving melatonin and excess-S in the presence of norbornadiene (NBD; an ethylene action inhibitor) under heat stress showed an inhibited STI and lower photosynthesis and growth. This suggested that ethylene was involved in the melatonin-mediated heat stress reversal effects on photosynthesis in plants. The interaction mechanism between melatonin and ethylene is still elusive. This study provides avenues to explore the melatonin-ethylene-S interaction for heat stress tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mehar Fatma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ameena Fatima Alvi
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Iqbal R. Mir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asim Masood
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang J, Zhao X, Bürger M, Chory J, Wang X. The role of ethylene in plant temperature stress response. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:808-824. [PMID: 37055243 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Temperature influences the seasonal growth and geographical distribution of plants. Heat or cold stress occur when temperatures exceed or fall below the physiological optimum ranges, resulting in detrimental and irreversible damage to plant growth, development, and yield. Ethylene is a gaseous phytohormone with an important role in plant development and multiple stress responses. Recent studies have shown that, in many plant species, both heat and cold stress affect ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the role of ethylene in plant temperature stress responses and its crosstalk with other phytohormones. We also discuss potential strategies and knowledge gaps that need to be adopted and filled to develop temperature stress-tolerant crops by optimizing ethylene response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Huang
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Marco Bürger
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joanne Chory
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xinchao Wang
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sharma N, Shree B, Khurana P. Myo-inositol phosphate synthase improves heat stress tolerance by ethylene-mediated modulation of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1097-1107. [PMID: 36602620 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
L-myo-inositol phosphate synthase (MIPS; EC 5.5.1.4) encodes the enzyme synthesizing Myo-inositol for plant growth and development. Myo-inositol and its phosphate derivatives are involved in various physiological functions ranging from cell wall synthesis, chromatin remodeling, signal transduction, and providing stress responses. In the present study, we report that MIPS regulates chlorophyll content and photosynthesis efficiency via the ethylene signaling pathway. We have used Triticum aestivum MIPS-A (TAMIPS-A) for the present study and characterized it by mutant complementation and overexpression studies in Arabidopsis. TaMIPS-A overexpressing Arabidopsis transgenics were analyzed physiologically under thermal stress conditions. Analysis of overexpression TaMIPS-A transgenics under control and thermal stress conditions revealed them to have enhanced photosynthetic potential under heat stress. When TaMIPS-A overexpression (OE) Arabidopsis transgenics are supplemented with either ACC, the ethylene precursor, or AgNO3, the ethylene signaling inhibitor indicated that MIPS regulates the photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content via the ethylene signaling pathway under control and thermal stress. Expression analysis of essential genes involved in the ethylene biosynthetic and signaling pathway corroborated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Bhavya Shree
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Zou H. Expression of ZmNAGK in tobacco enhances heat stress tolerance via activation of antioxidant-associated defense. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 199:107719. [PMID: 37148659 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress severely inhibits plant growth and limits crop yields. Thus, it is crucial to identify genes that are associated with plant heat stress responses. Here, we report a maize (Zea mays L.) gene, N-acetylglutamate kinase (ZmNAGK), that positively enhances plant heat stress tolerance. The ZmNAGK expression level was significantly up-regulated by heat stress in maize plants, and ZmNAGK was found to be localized in maize chloroplasts. Phenotypic analysis showed that overexpressing of ZmNAGK enhanced the tolerance of tobacco to heat stress both in the seed germination and seedling growth stages. Further physiological analysis showed that ZmNAGK overexpression in tobacco could alleviate oxidative damages that occurred during heat stress via activation of antioxidant defense signaling. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ZmNAGK could modulate the expression of antioxidant-enzyme encoding genes, such as ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APX2) and superoxide dismutase C (SODC), and heat shock network genes. Taken together, we have identified a maize gene that can provide plants with heat tolerance through the induction of antioxidant-associated defense signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijuan Liu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Binglin Zhang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Huawen Zou
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu H, Zeng B, Zhao J, Yan S, Wan J, Cao Z. Genetic Research Progress: Heat Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087140. [PMID: 37108303 PMCID: PMC10138502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) caused by high-temperature weather seriously threatens international food security. Indeed, as an important food crop in the world, the yield and quality of rice are frequently affected by HS. Therefore, clarifying the molecular mechanism of heat tolerance and cultivating heat-tolerant rice varieties is urgent. Here, we summarized the identified quantitative trait loci (Quantitative Trait Loci, QTL) and cloned rice heat tolerance genes in recent years. We described the plasma membrane (PM) response mechanisms, protein homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and photosynthesis under HS in rice. We also explained some regulatory mechanisms related to heat tolerance genes. Taken together, we put forward ways to improve heat tolerance in rice, thereby providing new ideas and insights for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Liu
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang), Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
- Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super Rice, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Bohong Zeng
- Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super Rice, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Jialiang Zhao
- Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super Rice, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Song Yan
- Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super Rice, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Jianlin Wan
- Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super Rice, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Zhibin Cao
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang), Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
- Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super Rice, Nanchang 330200, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kopecká R, Kameniarová M, Černý M, Brzobohatý B, Novák J. Abiotic Stress in Crop Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076603. [PMID: 37047573 PMCID: PMC10095105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of agricultural land undergoes abiotic stress that can significantly reduce agricultural yields. Understanding the mechanisms of plant defenses against stresses and putting this knowledge into practice is, therefore, an integral part of sustainable agriculture. In this review, we focus on current findings in plant resistance to four cardinal abiotic stressors—drought, heat, salinity, and low temperatures. Apart from the description of the newly discovered mechanisms of signaling and resistance to abiotic stress, this review also focuses on the importance of primary and secondary metabolites, including carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolics, and phytohormones. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies concerning the model plant Arabidopsis demonstrates the long-observed phenomenon that abiotic stressors induce different signals and effects at the level of gene expression, but genes whose regulation is similar under most stressors can still be traced. The analysis further reveals the transcriptional modulation of Golgi-targeted proteins in response to heat stress. Our analysis also highlights several genes that are similarly regulated under all stress conditions. These genes support the central role of phytohormones in the abiotic stress response, and the importance of some of these in plant resistance has not yet been studied. Finally, this review provides information about the response to abiotic stress in major European crop plants—wheat, sugar beet, maize, potatoes, barley, sunflowers, grapes, rapeseed, tomatoes, and apples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romana Kopecká
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kameniarová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Břetislav Brzobohatý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Redox Signaling in Plant Heat Stress Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030605. [PMID: 36978852 PMCID: PMC10045013 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in environmental temperature due to global warming is a critical threat to plant growth and productivity. Heat stress can cause impairment in several biochemical and physiological processes. Plants sense and respond to this adverse environmental condition by activating a plethora of defense systems. Among them, the heat stress response (HSR) involves an intricate network of heat shock factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs). However, a growing amount of evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS), besides potentially being responsible for cellular oxidative damage, can act as signal molecules in HSR, leading to adaptative responses. The role of ROS as toxic or signal molecules depends on the fine balance between their production and scavenging. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants represent the first line of defense against oxidative damage and their activity is critical to maintaining an optimal redox environment. However, the HS-dependent ROS burst temporarily oxidizes the cellular environment, triggering redox-dependent signaling cascades. This review provides an overview of the redox-activated mechanisms that participate in the HSR.
Collapse
|
18
|
Tokić M, Leljak Levanić D, Ludwig-Müller J, Bauer N. Growth and Molecular Responses of Tomato to Prolonged and Short-Term Heat Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054456. [PMID: 36901887 PMCID: PMC10002527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes are one of the most important vegetables for human consumption. In the Mediterranean's semi-arid and arid regions, where tomatoes are grown in the field, global average surface temperatures are predicted to increase. We investigated tomato seed germination at elevated temperatures and the impact of two different heat regimes on seedlings and adult plants. Selected exposures to 37 °C and heat waves at 45 °C mirrored frequent summer conditions in areas with a continental climate. Exposure to 37 °C or 45 °C differently affected seedlings' root development. Both heat stresses inhibited primary root length, while lateral root number was significantly suppressed only after exposure to 37 °C. Heat stress treatments induced significant accumulation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and reduced abscisic acid (ABA) levels in seedlings. As opposed to the heat wave treatment, exposure to 37 °C increased the accumulation of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), which may have been involved in the root architecture modification of seedlings. Generally, more drastic phenotypic changes (chlorosis and wilting of leaves and bending of stems) were found in both seedlings and adult plants after the heat wave-like treatment. This was also reflected by proline, malondialdehyde and heat shock protein HSP90 accumulation. The gene expression of heat stress-related transcription factors was perturbed and DREB1 was shown to be the most consistent heat stress marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Tokić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Leljak Levanić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nataša Bauer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-4606263
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Boter M, Pozas J, Jarillo JA, Piñeiro M, Pernas M. Brassica napus Roots Use Different Strategies to Respond to Warm Temperatures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021143. [PMID: 36674684 PMCID: PMC9863162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated growth temperatures are negatively affecting crop productivity by increasing yield losses. The modulation of root traits associated with improved response to rising temperatures is a promising approach to generate new varieties better suited to face the environmental constraints caused by climate change. In this study, we identified several Brassica napus root traits altered in response to warm ambient temperatures. Different combinations of changes in specific root traits result in an extended and deeper root system. This overall root growth expansion facilitates root response by maximizing root-soil surface interaction and increasing roots' ability to explore extended soil areas. We associated these traits with coordinated cellular events, including changes in cell division and elongation rates that drive root growth increases triggered by warm temperatures. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed the main genetic determinants of these root system architecture (RSA) changes and uncovered the necessity of a tight regulation of the heat-shock stress response to adjusting root growth to warm temperatures. Our work provides a phenotypic, cellular, and genetic framework of root response to warming temperatures that will help to harness root response mechanisms for crop yield improvement under the future climatic scenario.
Collapse
|
20
|
Shekhawat K, Fröhlich K, García-Ramírez GX, Trapp MA, Hirt H. Ethylene: A Master Regulator of Plant-Microbe Interactions under Abiotic Stresses. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010031. [PMID: 36611825 PMCID: PMC9818225 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant phytohormone ethylene regulates numerous physiological processes and contributes to plant-microbe interactions. Plants induce ethylene production to ward off pathogens after recognition of conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). However, plant immune responses against pathogens are essentially not different from those triggered by neutral and beneficial microbes. Recent studies indicate that ethylene is an important factor for beneficial plant-microbial association under abiotic stress such as salt and heat stress. The association of beneficial microbes with plants under abiotic stresses modulates ethylene levels which control the expression of ethylene-responsive genes (ERF), and ERFs further regulate the plant transcriptome, epi-transcriptome, Na+/K+ homeostasis and antioxidant defense mechanisms against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Understanding ethylene-dependent plant-microbe interactions is crucial for the development of new strategies aimed at enhancing plant tolerance to harsh environmental conditions. In this review, we underline the importance of ethylene in beneficial plant-microbe interaction under abiotic stresses.
Collapse
|
21
|
SiHSFA2e regulated expression of SisHSP21.9 maintains chloroplast proteome integrity under high temperature stress. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:580. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04611-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
22
|
Ethylene Signaling under Stressful Environments: Analyzing Collaborative Knowledge. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172211. [PMID: 36079592 PMCID: PMC9460115 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene is a gaseous plant growth hormone that regulates various plant developmental processes, ranging from seed germination to senescence. The mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signaling involve multistep mechanisms representing different control levels to regulate its production and response. Ethylene is an established phytohormone that displays various signaling processes under environmental stress in plants. Such environmental stresses trigger ethylene biosynthesis/action, which influences the growth and development of plants and opens new windows for future crop improvement. This review summarizes the current understanding of how environmental stress influences plants’ ethylene biosynthesis, signaling, and response. The review focuses on (a) ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in plants, (b) the influence of environmental stress on ethylene biosynthesis, (c) regulation of ethylene signaling for stress acclimation, (d) potential mechanisms underlying the ethylene-mediated stress tolerance in plants, and (e) summarizing ethylene formation under stress and its mechanism of action.
Collapse
|
23
|
Hydrogen Sulfide, Ethylene, and Nitric Oxide Regulate Redox Homeostasis and Protect Photosynthetic Metabolism under High Temperature Stress in Rice Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081478. [PMID: 36009197 PMCID: PMC9405544 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rising temperatures worldwide due to global climate change are a major scientific issue at present. The present study reports the effects of gaseous signaling molecules, ethylene (200 µL L−1; 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid; ethephon, Eth), nitric oxide (NO; 100 µM sodium nitroprusside; SNP), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S; 200 µM sodium hydrosulfide, NaHS) in high temperature stress (HS) tolerance, and whether or not H2S contributes to ethylene or NO-induced thermo-tolerance and photosynthetic protection in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, i.e., Taipei-309, and Rasi. Plants exposed to an HS of 40 °C for six h per day for 15 days caused a reduction in rice biomass, associated with decreased photosynthesis and leaf water status. High temperature stress increased oxidative stress by increasing the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in rice leaves. These signaling molecules increased biomass, leaf water status, osmolytes, antioxidants, and photosynthesis of plants under non-stress and high temperature stress. However, the effect was more conspicuous with ethylene than NO and H2S. The application of H2S scavenger hypotaurine (HT) reversed the effect of ethylene or NO on photosynthesis under HS. This supports the findings that the ameliorating effects of Eth or SNP involved H2S. Thus, the presence of H2S with ethylene or NO can enhance thermo-tolerance while also protecting plant photosynthesis.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pal G, Bakade R, Deshpande S, Sureshkumar V, Patil SS, Dawane A, Agarwal S, Niranjan V, PrasannaKumar MK, Vemanna RS. Transcriptomic responses under combined bacterial blight and drought stress in rice reveal potential genes to improve multi-stress tolerance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:349. [PMID: 35850621 PMCID: PMC9290298 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unprecedented drought and frequent occurrence of pathogen infection in rice is becoming more due to climate change. Simultaneous occurrence of stresses lead to more crop loss. To cope up multiple stresses, the durable resistant cultivars needs to be developed, by identifying relevant genes from combined biotic and abiotic stress exposed plants. RESULTS We studied the effect of drought stress, bacterial leaf blight disease causing Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathogen infection and combined stress in contrasting BPT5204 and TN1 rice genotypes. Mild drought stress increased Xoo infection irrespective of the genotype. To identify relevant genes that could be used to develop multi-stress tolerant rice, RNA sequencing from individual drought, pathogen and combined stresses in contrasting genotypes has been developed. Many important genes are identified from resistant genotype and diverse group of genes are differentially expressed in contrasting genotypes under combined stress. Further, a meta-analysis from individual drought and Xoo pathogen stress from public domain data sets narrowed- down candidate differentially expressed genes. Many translation associated genes are differentially expressed suggesting their extra-ribosomal function in multi-stress adaptation. Overexpression of many of these genes showed their relevance in improving stress tolerance in rice by different scientific groups. In combined stress, many downregulated genes also showed their relevance in stress adaptation when they were over-expressed. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies many important genes, which can be used as molecular markers and targets for genetic manipulation to develop durable resistant rice cultivars. Strategies should be developed to activate downregulated genes, to improve multi-stress tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Pal
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Rahul Bakade
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Sanjay Deshpande
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - V Sureshkumar
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Swathi S Patil
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Akashata Dawane
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Subham Agarwal
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, R.V. Engineering College, Bengaluru, 560059, India
| | - M K PrasannaKumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Ramu S Vemanna
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Omae N, Tsuda K. Plant-Microbiota Interactions in Abiotic Stress Environments. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:511-526. [PMID: 35322689 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-21-0281-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress adversely affects cellular homeostasis and ultimately impairs plant growth, posing a serious threat to agriculture. Climate change modeling predicts increasing occurrences of abiotic stresses such as drought and extreme temperature, resulting in decreasing the yields of major crops such as rice, wheat, and maize, which endangers food security for human populations. Plants are associated with diverse and taxonomically structured microbial communities that are called the plant microbiota. Plant microbiota often assist plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance by providing water and nutrients to plants and modulating plant metabolism and physiology and, thus, offer the potential to increase crop production under abiotic stress. In this review, we summarize recent progress on how abiotic stress affects plants, microbiota, plant-microbe interactions, and microbe-microbe interactions, and how microbes affect plant metabolism and physiology under abiotic stress conditions, with a focus on drought, salt, and temperature stress. We also discuss important steps to utilize plant microbiota in agriculture under abiotic stress.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Omae
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Lab of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Kenichi Tsuda
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Lab of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zarattini M, Choaibi A, Magri S, Hermans C, Cannella D. The oxidized cellooligosaccharides confer thermotolerance in Arabidopsis by priming ethylene via heat shock factor A2. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13737. [PMID: 35717612 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change, especially heatwaves and aridity, is a major threat to agricultural production and food security. This requires common efforts from the scientific community to find effective solutions to better understand and protect the plant's vulnerabilities to high temperatures. The current study demonstrates the potential of cellooligosaccharides (COS), which are native and oxidized signaling molecules released by lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) enzymes during cell wall degradation by microbial pathogens. The extracellular perception of COS leads to the activation of damage-triggered immunity, often protecting the plant against biotic stress. However, how these signaling molecules affect abiotic stress tolerance is poorly understood. Here, we show that native COS and oxidized COS (oxiCOS) perception increase the transcript levels of several HEAT SHOCK FACTORS (HSFs) and HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS (HSPs) genes in Arabidopsis plants. However, only oxiCOS treatment triggers ethylene priming and increases thermotolerance. Furthermore, the function of the transcription factor HSFA2 is required for these processes. Altogether, our results indicate that the perception of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) may improve tolerance to adverse abiotic conditions, like exposure to high temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zarattini
- PhotoBiocatalysis Unit-Crop Production and Biostimulation Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ali Choaibi
- PhotoBiocatalysis Unit-Crop Production and Biostimulation Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Silvia Magri
- PhotoBiocatalysis Unit-Crop Production and Biostimulation Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Hermans
- PhotoBiocatalysis Unit-Crop Production and Biostimulation Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Cannella
- PhotoBiocatalysis Unit-Crop Production and Biostimulation Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ravikiran KT, Gopala Krishnan S, Abhijith KP, Bollinedi H, Nagarajan M, Vinod KK, Bhowmick PK, Pal M, Ellur RK, Singh AK. Genome-Wide Association Mapping Reveals Novel Putative Gene Candidates Governing Reproductive Stage Heat Stress Tolerance in Rice. Front Genet 2022; 13:876522. [PMID: 35734422 PMCID: PMC9208292 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.876522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature rise predicted for the future will severely affect rice productivity because the crop is highly sensitive to heat stress at the reproductive stage. Breeding tolerant varieties is an economically viable option to combat heat stress, for which the knowledge of target genomic regions associated with the reproductive stage heat stress tolerance (RSHT) is essential. A set of 192 rice genotypes of diverse origins were evaluated under natural field conditions through staggered sowings for RSHT using two surrogate traits, spikelet fertility and grain yield, which showed significant reduction under heat stress. These genotypes were genotyped using a 50 k SNP array, and the association analysis identified 10 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) for grain yield, of which one QTN (qHTGY8.1) was consistent across the different models used. Only two out of 10 MTAs coincided with the previously reported QTLs, making the remaing eight novel. A total of 22 QTNs were observed for spikelet fertility, among which qHTSF5.1 was consistently found across three models. Of the QTNs identified, seven coincided with previous reports, while the remaining QTNs were new. The genes near the QTNs were found associated with the protein–protein interaction, protein ubiquitination, stress signal transduction, and so forth, qualifying them to be putative for RSHT. An in silico expression analysis revealed the predominant expression of genes identified for spikelet fertility in reproductive organs. Further validation of the biological relevance of QTNs in conferring heat stress tolerance will enable their utilization in improving the reproductive stage heat stress tolerance in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K T Ravikiran
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gopala Krishnan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - K P Abhijith
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - H Bollinedi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - M Nagarajan
- Rice Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, ICAR-IARI, Aduthurai, India
| | - K K Vinod
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - P K Bhowmick
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - R K Ellur
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Reproductive-Stage Heat Stress in Cereals: Impact, Plant Responses and Strategies for Tolerance Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136929. [PMID: 35805930 PMCID: PMC9266455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproductive-stage heat stress (RSHS) poses a major constraint to cereal crop production by damaging main plant reproductive structures and hampering reproductive processes, including pollen and stigma viability, pollination, fertilization, grain setting and grain filling. Despite this well-recognized fact, research on crop heat stress (HS) is relatively recent compared to other abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity, and in particular, RSHS studies in cereals are considerably few in comparison with seedling-stage and vegetative-stage-centered studies. Meanwhile, climate change-exacerbated HS, independently or synergistically with drought, will have huge implications on crop performance and future global food security. Fortunately, due to their sedentary nature, crop plants have evolved complex and diverse transient and long-term mechanisms to perceive, transduce, respond and adapt to HS at the molecular, cell, physiological and whole plant levels. Therefore, uncovering the molecular and physiological mechanisms governing plant response and tolerance to RSHS facilitates the designing of effective strategies to improve HS tolerance in cereal crops. In this review, we update our understanding of several aspects of RSHS in cereals, particularly impacts on physiological processes and yield; HS signal perception and transduction; and transcriptional regulation by heat shock factors and heat stress-responsive genes. We also discuss the epigenetic, post-translational modification and HS memory mechanisms modulating plant HS tolerance. Moreover, we offer a critical set of strategies (encompassing genomics and plant breeding, transgenesis, omics and agronomy) that could accelerate the development of RSHS-resilient cereal crop cultivars. We underline that a judicious combination of all of these strategies offers the best foot forward in RSHS tolerance improvement in cereals. Further, we highlight critical shortcomings to RSHS tolerance investigations in cereals and propositions for their circumvention, as well as some knowledge gaps, which should guide future research priorities. Overall, our review furthers our understanding of HS tolerance in plants and supports the rational designing of RSHS-tolerant cereal crop cultivars for the warming climate.
Collapse
|
29
|
Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
The Functional Interplay between Ethylene, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Sulfur in Plant Heat Stress Tolerance. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050678. [PMID: 35625606 PMCID: PMC9138313 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants encounter several abiotic stresses, among which heat stress is gaining paramount attention because of the changing climatic conditions. Severe heat stress conspicuously reduces crop productivity through changes in metabolic processes and in growth and development. Ethylene and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are signaling molecules involved in defense against heat stress through modulation of biomolecule synthesis, the antioxidant system, and post-translational modifications. Other compounds containing the essential mineral nutrient sulfur (S) also play pivotal roles in these defense mechanisms. As biosynthesis of ethylene and H2S is connected to the S-assimilation pathway, it is logical to consider the existence of a functional interplay between ethylene, H2S, and S in relation to heat stress tolerance. The present review focuses on the crosstalk between ethylene, H2S, and S to highlight their joint involvement in heat stress tolerance.
Collapse
|
31
|
Poór P, Nawaz K, Gupta R, Ashfaque F, Khan MIR. Ethylene involvement in the regulation of heat stress tolerance in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:675-698. [PMID: 33713206 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Because of the rise in global temperature, heat stress has become a major concern for crop production. Heat stress deteriorates plant productivity and alters phenological and physiological responses that aid in precise monitoring and sensing of mild-to-severe transient heat stress. Plants have evolved several sophisticated mechanisms including hormone-signaling pathways to sense heat stimuli and acquire heat stress tolerance. In response to heat stress, ethylene, a gaseous hormone, is produced which is indispensable for plant growth and development and tolerance to various abiotic stresses including heat stress. The manipulation of ethylene in developing heat stress tolerance targeting ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways has brought promising out comes. Conversely increased ethylene biosynthesis and signaling seem to exhibit inhibitory effects in plant growth responses from primitive to maturity stages. This review mainly focuses on the recent studies of ethylene involvement in plant responses to heat stress and its functional regulation, and molecular mechanism underlying the plant responses in the mitigation of heat-induced damages. Furthermore, this review also describes the crosstalk between ethylene and other signaling molecules under heat stress and approaches to improve heat stress tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kashif Nawaz
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farha Ashfaque
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Saini N, Nikalje GC, Zargar SM, Suprasanna P. Molecular insights into sensing, regulation and improving of heat tolerance in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:799-813. [PMID: 34676458 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate-change-mediated increase in temperature extremes has become a threat to plant productivity. Heat stress-induced changes in growth pattern, sensitivity to pests, plant phonologies, flowering, shrinkage of maturity period, grain filling, and increased senescence result in significant yield losses. Heat stress triggers multitude of cellular, physiological and molecular responses in plants beginning from the early sensing followed by signal transduction, osmolyte synthesis, antioxidant defense, and heat stress-associated gene expression. Several genes and metabolites involved in heat perception and in the adaptation response have been isolated and characterized in plants. Heat stress responses are also regulated by the heat stress transcription factors (HSFs), miRNAs and transcriptional factors which together form another layer of regulatory circuit. With the availability of functionally validated candidate genes, transgenic approaches have been applied for developing heat-tolerant transgenic maize, tobacco and sweet potato. In this review, we present an account of molecular mechanisms of heat tolerance and discuss the current developments in genetic manipulation for heat tolerant crops for future sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Saini
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vidyalaya, Raipur, 492012, India
| | - Ganesh Chandrakant Nikalje
- PG Department of Botany, Seva Sadan's R. K. Talreja College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ulhasnagar, 421003, India.
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190019, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Ex-Scientist, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gautam H, Fatma M, Sehar Z, Iqbal N, Albaqami M, Khan NA. Exogenously-Sourced Ethylene Positively Modulates Photosynthesis, Carbohydrate Metabolism, and Antioxidant Defense to Enhance Heat Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031031. [PMID: 35162955 PMCID: PMC8835467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of exogenously-applied ethylene sourced from ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid)was studied on photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and high-temperature stress tolerance in Taipei-309 and Rasi cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Heat stress increased the content of H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)more in Rasi than Taipei-309. Further, a significant decline in sucrose, starch, and carbohydrate metabolism enzyme activity and photosynthesis was also observed in response to heat stress. The application of ethephon reduced H2O2 and TBARS content by enhancing the enzymatic antioxidant defense system and improved carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, and growth more conspicuously in Taipei-309 under heat stress. The ethephon application enhanced photosynthesis by up-regulating the psbA and psbB genes of photosystem II in heat-stressed plants. Interestingly, foliar application of ethephoneffectively down-regulated high-temperature-stress-induced elevated ethylene biosynthesis gene expression. Overall, ethephon application optimized ethylene levels under high-temperature stress to regulate the antioxidant enzymatic system and carbohydrate metabolism, reducing the adverse effects on photosynthesis. These findings suggest that ethylene regulates photosynthesis via carbohydrate metabolism and the antioxidant system, thereby influencing high-temperature stress tolerance in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Gautam
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
| | - Mehar Fatma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
| | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (N.A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Elevated Temperature Induced Adaptive Responses of Two Lupine Species at Early Seedling Phase. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061091. [PMID: 34072415 PMCID: PMC8228099 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of climate warming on hormonal traits of invasive and non-invasive plants at the early developmental stage. Two different lupine species—invasive Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. and non-invasive Lupinus luteus L.—were used in this study. Plants were grown in climate chambers under optimal (25 °C) and simulated climate warming conditions (30 °C). The content of phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene production and the adaptive growth of both species were studied in four-day-old seedlings. A higher content of total IAA, especially of IAA-amides and transportable IAA, as well as higher ethylene emission, was determined to be characteristic for invasive lupine both under optimal and simulated warming conditions. It should be noted that IAA-L-alanine was detected entirely in the invasive plants under both growth temperatures. Further, the ethylene emission values increased significantly in invasive lupine hypocotyls under 30 °C. Invasive plants showed plasticity in their response by reducing growth in a timely manner and adapting to the rise in temperature. Based on the data of the current study, it can be suggested that the invasiveness of both species may be altered under climate warming conditions.
Collapse
|
35
|
Singh G, Sarkar NK, Grover A. Tango between Ethylene and HSFA2 Settles Heat Tolerance. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:429-432. [PMID: 33744161 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone ethylene has roles in senescence, fruit ripening, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, the detailed mechanism(s) by which ethylene affects the plant heat stress response (HSR) is not well understood. Two recent studies by Huang et al. and Shekhawat et al. now reveal that ethylene signaling converges on HSFA2 to bring about heat stress (HS) tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Neelam K Sarkar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Anil Grover
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Li N, Euring D, Cha JY, Lin Z, Lu M, Huang LJ, Kim WY. Plant Hormone-Mediated Regulation of Heat Tolerance in Response to Global Climate Change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:627969. [PMID: 33643337 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.627969/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is largely dependent on climate and is highly vulnerable to climate change. The global mean surface temperatures are increasing due to global climate change. Temperature beyond the physiological optimum for growth induces heat stress in plants causing detrimental and irreversible damage to plant development, growth, as well as productivity. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms in response to heat stress. The classical plant hormones, such as auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BRs), cytokinin (CK), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET), integrate environmental stimuli and endogenous signals to regulate plant defensive response to various abiotic stresses, including heat. Exogenous applications of those hormones prior or parallel to heat stress render plants more thermotolerant. In this review, we summarized the recent progress and current understanding of the roles of those phytohormones in defending plants against heat stress and the underlying signal transduction pathways. We also discussed the implication of the basic knowledge of hormone-regulated plant heat responsive mechanism to develop heat-resilient plants as an effective and efficient way to cope with global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Dejuan Euring
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joon Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Zeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Woe Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Riyazuddin R, Gupta R. Plausible Involvement of Ethylene in Plant Ferroptosis: Prospects and Leads. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:680709. [PMID: 34262583 PMCID: PMC8273338 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.680709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riyazuddin Riyazuddin
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Ravi Gupta ;
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Calleja-Cabrera J, Boter M, Oñate-Sánchez L, Pernas M. Root Growth Adaptation to Climate Change in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:544. [PMID: 32457782 PMCID: PMC7227386 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is threatening crop productivity worldwide and new solutions to adapt crops to these environmental changes are urgently needed. Elevated temperatures driven by climate change affect developmental and physiological plant processes that, ultimately, impact on crop yield and quality. Plant roots are responsible for water and nutrients uptake, but changes in soil temperatures alters this process limiting crop growth. With the predicted variable climatic forecast, the development of an efficient root system better adapted to changing soil and environmental conditions is crucial for enhancing crop productivity. Root traits associated with improved adaptation to rising temperatures are increasingly being analyzed to obtain more suitable crop varieties. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about the effect of increasing temperatures on root growth and their impact on crop yield. First, we will describe the main alterations in root architecture that different crops undergo in response to warmer soils. Then, we will outline the main coordinated physiological and metabolic changes taking place in roots and aerial parts that modulate the global response of the plant to increased temperatures. We will discuss on some of the main regulatory mechanisms controlling root adaptation to warmer soils, including the activation of heat and oxidative pathways to prevent damage of root cells and disruption of root growth; the interplay between hormonal regulatory pathways and the global changes on gene expression and protein homeostasis. We will also consider that in the field, increasing temperatures are usually associated with other abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought, salinity, nutrient deficiencies, and pathogen infections. We will present recent advances on how the root system is able to integrate and respond to complex and different stimuli in order to adapt to an increasingly changing environment. Finally, we will discuss the new prospects and challenges in this field as well as the more promising pathways for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M. Pernas
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li N, Euring D, Cha JY, Lin Z, Lu M, Huang LJ, Kim WY. Plant Hormone-Mediated Regulation of Heat Tolerance in Response to Global Climate Change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:627969. [PMID: 33643337 PMCID: PMC7905216 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.627969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is largely dependent on climate and is highly vulnerable to climate change. The global mean surface temperatures are increasing due to global climate change. Temperature beyond the physiological optimum for growth induces heat stress in plants causing detrimental and irreversible damage to plant development, growth, as well as productivity. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms in response to heat stress. The classical plant hormones, such as auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BRs), cytokinin (CK), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET), integrate environmental stimuli and endogenous signals to regulate plant defensive response to various abiotic stresses, including heat. Exogenous applications of those hormones prior or parallel to heat stress render plants more thermotolerant. In this review, we summarized the recent progress and current understanding of the roles of those phytohormones in defending plants against heat stress and the underlying signal transduction pathways. We also discussed the implication of the basic knowledge of hormone-regulated plant heat responsive mechanism to develop heat-resilient plants as an effective and efficient way to cope with global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Dejuan Euring
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joon Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Zeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Jun Huang, ; 0000-0001-8072-5180
| | - Woe Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Woe Yeon Kim,
| |
Collapse
|