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Xiang Y, Pan BH, Zhang J, Chen JQ, Fang H, Wang Q, Li LH, Chen TS, Chen JX, Li C, Zheng XF, Zhu SH. Suppression of overactivated immunity in the early stage is the key to improve the prognosis in severe burns. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1455899. [PMID: 39308854 PMCID: PMC11412824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Severe burns can lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) due to inflammation-immunity dysregulation. This study aimed to identify key immune-related molecules and potential drugs for immune regulation in severe burn treatment. Method Microarray datasets GSE77791 and GSE37069 were analyzed to identify immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), enriched pathways and prognosis-related genes. The DGIdb database was used to identify potentially clinically relevant small molecular drugs for hub DEGs. Hub DEGs were validated by total RNA from clinical blood samples through qPCR. The efficacy of drug candidates was tested in a severe burn mouse model. Pathologic staining was used to observe organ damage. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a and MCP-1 contents. Activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway was detected by western blotting. Transcriptome sequencing was used to observe inflammatory-immune responses in the lung. Results A total of 113 immune-related DEGs were identified, and the presence of immune overactivation was confirmed in severe burns. S100A8 was not only significantly upregulated and identified to be prognosis-related among the hub DEGs but also exhibited an increasing trend in clinical blood samples. Methotrexate, which targets S100A8, as predicted by the DGIdb, significantly reduces transcription level of S100A8 and inflammatory cytokine content in blood, organ damage (lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys) and mortality in severely burned mice when combined with fluid resuscitation. The inflammatory-immune response was suppressed in the lungs. Conclusion S100A8 with high transcription level in blood is a potential biomarker for poor severe burn prognosis. It suggested that methotrexate has a potential application in severe burn immunotherapy. Besides, it should be emphasized that fluid resuscitation is necessary for the function of methotrexate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo-han Pan
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-qiu Chen
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - He Fang
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-hui Li
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jia-xin Chen
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chan Li
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Shi-hui Zhu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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Vira A, Roberts P, Preus R, Posey C, Miller S, Simmons J, Polite N, Bright A, Kinnard C, Williams A, Lee YL, Mbaka M. Management of Traumatic Duodenal Injury: Is There a Role for Early Parenteral Nutrition? J Surg Res 2024; 302:773-777. [PMID: 39216459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic duodenal injuries are complex in nature and pose major challenges to trauma surgeons. These injuries are associated with high mortality rates ranging from 18% to 30% and require prompt, comprehensive care. Traumatic injury induces a hypercatabolic state that mobilizes body energy stores, leading to muscle wasting, delayed healing, and potential multi-organ failure. Nutritional support is vital in keeping up with the metabolic demands of traumatically injured patients. However, exactly when and how nutrition should be provided for traumatic duodenal injuries is unclear. We hypothesize that patients who sustain high-grade duodenal injuries (grades III-V) will be unable to tolerate enteral nutrition (EN) and may benefit from early initiation of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS In this retrospective chart review study, we queried the trauma registry for patients admitted between January 2018 and December 2022 with duodenal injury. Individuals under the age of 18 and individuals who were pregnant were excluded. Twenty-eight patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The primary endpoint was median number of days from initial injury to supplemental nutrition. We also evaluated the route used to achieve adequate nutrition based on duodenal injury grade (I-V), mortality based on duodenal injury grade, morbidity based on route of nutrition supplementation (hospital length of stay [LOS], intensive care unit LOS, and ventilator days), and complications based on route of nutrition supplementation. RESULTS Of the 28 patients analyzed, 11 received EN, 10 received TPN (6 of which survived to transition to EN), and 7 died within 3 d of admission and did not receive any form of nutrition. The median number of days post-trauma to toleration of enteral feeding (defined as by mouth or tube feeding that meet total caloric needs based on nutritionist recommendations) was 4 d for those who did tolerate and maintained tolerance of enteral feeding, compared to 7.5 d post-trauma to initiate total parenteral feeding (P = 0.061). Injury grades I and II tolerated EN within a median of 6 d, whereas injury grades III and IV showed inability to tolerate EN until after a median of 22 d or longer (P = 0.02). Mortality increased as injury grade increased. Patients who received TPN were more likely to develop abscesses than those receiving EN (80% vs 27%, P = 0.03) but not more likely to develop a duodenal leak (P = 0.31). Patients who received TPN had longer hospital LOS (35.5 d vs 9 d, P = 0.008), longer intensive care unit LOS (17 d vs 4 d, P = 0.005), and increased ventilator days (9 d vs 1 d, P = 0.005) when compared to patients who received EN. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with higher grade duodenal injuries showed inability to tolerate EN until after a median of 22 d, and therefore, consideration should be given to initiating TPN early to mitigate the catabolic effects of malnutrition. Further studies need to be done with a larger number of patients to evaluate the effects of malnutrition in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Vira
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Priscilla Roberts
- General Surgery Resident, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Richard Preus
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Connor Posey
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Steven Miller
- Surgical Critical Care Fellow, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Jon Simmons
- Trauma/Emergency General Surgeon, Associate Professor of Surgery, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Nathan Polite
- Trauma/Emergency General Surgeon, Associate Professor of Surgery, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Andrew Bright
- Trauma/Emergency General Surgeon, Associate Professor of Surgery, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Christopher Kinnard
- Trauma/Emergency General Surgeon, Associate Professor of Surgery, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Ashley Williams
- Trauma/Surgical Critical Care, Assistant Professor of Surgery, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Yann-Leei Lee
- Trauma/Surgical Critical Care, Assistant Professor of Surgery, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Maryann Mbaka
- Trauma/Emergency General Surgeon, Associate Professor of Surgery, University Hospital, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama.
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Meyer HJ, Dermendzhiev T, Kirsten H, Hetz M, Kleber C, Denecke T, Metze M, Werdehausen R, Hempel G, Struck MF. Epicardial adipose tissue defined by initial polytrauma CT of mechanically ventilated trauma patients: retrospective single-center cohort study to predict short-term outcomes. Emerg Radiol 2024; 31:499-506. [PMID: 38872046 PMCID: PMC11289144 DOI: 10.1007/s10140-024-02242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) detected by computed tomography (CT) is associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19 and other critical care patient cohorts, whereas their prognostic relevance in trauma patients remains unclear. The present study explored associations with four potential short-term outcomes in trauma patients. METHODS All consecutive trauma patients requiring emergency tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation before initial whole-body CT imaging at a level-1 trauma center over a 12-year period (2008-2019) were reanalyzed for this study. EAT was measured semiquantitatively in initial CT and analyzed regarding associations with 24-hour and 30-day mortality using Cox proportional hazard models. In survivors, associations of EAT with intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS) and mechanical ventilation duration were analyzed using linear regression analyses. RESULTS Four hundred fifty-five patients (74.7% male) with a median age of 49 years, and a median injury severity score (ISS) of 26 points were analyzed. In univariable analysis, EAT index was significantly associated with 24-hour and 30-day mortality (p = 0.007, and p = 0.013, respectively). After adjustment for significant predictors age, body mass index, and ISS, no significant associations were confirmed (p = 0.622, and p = 0.903, respectively). In a subanalysis of 353 survivors, EAT index was significantly associated with ICU LOS and mechanical ventilation duration in univariable analyses (p = 0.031, and p = 0.014, respectively), but not in multivariable analyses (p = 0.81 and p = 0.46, respectively). CONCLUSION EAT index was associated with short-term outcomes in severely injured trauma patients, which not remained significant in multivariable analysis, suggesting that its prognostic capability is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Jonas Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr.20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Tihomir Dermendzhiev
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr.20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics Statistics and Biometry, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Hetz
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Kleber
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timm Denecke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr.20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Metze
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Department IV, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Werdehausen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr.20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunther Hempel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr.20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manuel F Struck
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr.20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Al-Thani H, Wahlen BM, El-Menyar A, Asim M, Nassar LR, Ahmed MN, Nabir S, Mollazehi M, Abdelrahman H. Acute Changes in Body Muscle Mass and Fat Depletion in Hospitalized Young Trauma Patients: A Descriptive Retrospective Study. Diseases 2023; 11:120. [PMID: 37754316 PMCID: PMC10528496 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Loss of muscle mass, and its strength, is associated with adverse outcomes in many medical and surgical conditions. Trauma patients may get malnourished during their hospital course due to many interrelated contributing factors. However, there is insufficient knowledge on the acute muscle and fat changes in young trauma patients in the early days post-admission. Objective: to explore the diagnosis, feeding status, and outcome of muscle mass loss among young abdominal polytrauma patients. Methods: It was a retrospective study including hospitalized abdominal trauma patients who underwent an abdominal computerized tomographic (CT) examination initially and a follow-up one week later. CT scan-based automatic and manual analysis of the muscles and fat of the abdominal region was calculated and compared. Also, we evaluated the feeding and nutritional values to explore the adequacy of the provided calories and proteins and the potential influence of enteral feeding on the CT-based parameters for muscle loss and fat depletion. Results: There were 138 eligible subjects with a mean age of 32.8 ± 13.5 years; of them, 92% were males. Operative interventions were performed on two-thirds of the patients, including abdominal surgery (43%), orthopedic surgeries (34%), and neurosurgical procedures (8.1%). On admission, 56% received oral feeding, and this rate slightly increased to 58.4% after the first week. Enteral feed was prescribed for the remaining, except for two patients. The percentage of change in the total psoas muscle area was significantly reduced after one week of admission in patients on enteral feed as compared to those in the oral feeding group (p = 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the percentages of changes in the CT scan findings except for the total psoas muscle area (p = 0.001) and para-spinal muscle area (p = 0.02), which reduced significantly in the those who underwent laparotomy as compared to those who did not need laparotomy. Trauma patients who underwent emergency abdominal surgery lost muscle and fat over time. Conclusions: Loss of muscle mass and body fat is not uncommon among young trauma patients. Patients who underwent laparotomy are more likely to be affected. Further larger studies are needed to assess the specific features in the younger trauma population and how far this can be influenced by the nutrition status and its impact on the clinical outcomes. It could be early or impending stages of sarcopenia linked to trauma patients, or just acute changes in the muscle and fat, that need further investigation and follow-up after hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma & Vascular Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
| | - Bianca M. Wahlen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Clinical Research, Trauma & Vascular Surgery Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Asim
- Clinical Research, Trauma & Vascular Surgery Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
| | - Lena Ribhi Nassar
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
| | - Mohamed Nadeem Ahmed
- Department of Radiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar; (M.N.A.); (S.N.)
| | - Syed Nabir
- Department of Radiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar; (M.N.A.); (S.N.)
| | - Monira Mollazehi
- Trauma Registry, Trauma Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
| | - Husham Abdelrahman
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
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Lee JH, Kim M, Choi D, Kwon J, Park YK. Isocaloric nutritional support reduces ventilator duration time in major trauma patients. Nutr Diet 2023; 80:435-444. [PMID: 37271883 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Major trauma patients need adequate nutrition for recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the adequacy of nutritional supply and the correlation between nutritional supply and clinical outcome. METHODS A single-centre retrospective observational study was undertaken, describing the amounts of energy and proteins provided to 320 critically ill trauma patients during the first 10 days after admission. The data were collected from the electronic medical records of patients admitted to the trauma intensive care unit during the study period and descriptive statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS software. RESULTS The mean proportion of supplied energy to recommended energy during the first 10 days after admission was 57.5%, and the mean percentage of supplied protein to recommended protein intake was 51.3%. The patients were divided into those who received ≥70% (isocaloric nutrition group) and those who received <70% (hypocaloric nutrition group) of their estimated requirements. Both the duration of ventilator use (12.7 ± 10.5 vs. 16.0 ± 15.8 days, respectively, p = 0.009) and duration of parenteral nutrition (1.1 ± 1.4 vs. 2.0 ± 2.0 days, respectively, p = 0.001) were shorter in the isocaloric nutrition group (n = 83) than in the hypocaloric nutrition group (n = 237). CONCLUSION Total energy and the amount of protein supplied were insufficient compared to the recommended amount. The duration of ventilator use was shorter in the isocaloric nutrition group than in the hypocaloric nutrition group. The association between shortened ventilator use and isocaloric nutrition requires further investigation as a potential intervention to reduce the risk of complications such as ventilator-related pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Food Services and Clinical Nutrition Team, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mihyang Kim
- Food Services and Clinical Nutrition Team, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Donghwan Choi
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Centre, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Junsik Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Centre, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoo Kyoung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Korea
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Hall HR, Mahung C, Dunn JLM, Kartchner LM, Seim RF, Cairns BA, Wallet SM, Maile R. Characterization of the Basal and mTOR-Dependent Acute Pulmonary and Systemic Immune Response in a Murine Model of Combined Burn and Inhalation Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8779. [PMID: 35955914 PMCID: PMC9368856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe burn injury leads to a cascade of local and systemic immune responses that trigger an extreme state of immune dysfunction, leaving the patient highly susceptible to acute and chronic infection. When combined with inhalation injury, burn patients have higher mortality and a greater chance of developing secondary respiratory complications including infection. No animal model of combined burn and inhalation injury (B+I) exists that accurately mirrors the human clinical picture, nor are there any effective immunotherapies or predictive models of the risk of immune dysfunction. Our earlier work showed that the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is activated early after burn injury, and its chemical blockade at injury reduced subsequent chronic bacterial susceptibility. It is unclear if mTOR plays a role in the exacerbated immune dysfunction seen after B+I injury. We aimed to: (1) characterize a novel murine model of B+I injury, and (2) investigate the role of mTOR in the immune response after B+I injury. Pulmonary and systemic immune responses to B+I were characterized in the absence or presence of mTOR inhibition at the time of injury. Data describe a murine model of B+I with inhalation-specific immune phenotypes and implicate mTOR in the acute immune dysfunction observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R. Hall
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Cressida Mahung
- North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Julia L. M. Dunn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laurel M. Kartchner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roland F. Seim
- North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bruce A. Cairns
- North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shannon M. Wallet
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Robert Maile
- North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Caserta S, Ghezzi P. Release of redox enzymes and micro-RNAs in extracellular vesicles, during infection and inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:248-257. [PMID: 33862160 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many studies reported that redox enzymes, particularly thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin, can be released by cells and act as soluble mediators in immunity. Recently, it became clear that peroxiredoxins can be secreted via the exosome-release route, yet it remains unclear how this exactly happens and why. This review will first introduce briefly the possible redox states of protein cysteines and the role of redox enzymes in their regulation. We will then discuss the studies on the extracellular forms of some of these enzymes, their association with exosomes/extracellular vesicles and with exosome micro-RNAs (miRNAs)/mRNAs involved in oxidative processes, relevant in infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caserta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hardy Building, The University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Ghezzi
- Department of Clinical Experimental Medicine, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN19RY, United Kingdom.
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Goroncharovskaya IV, Evseev AK, Shabanov AK, Denisenko O, Kuzovlev AN, Klychnikova EV, Tazina EV, Petrikov SS. Electrochemical Methods for Assessment of Polytrauma Outcomes. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Goroncharovskaya
- N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Bld. 1 129090 Moscow Russia
| | - Anatoly K. Evseev
- N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Bld. 1 129090 Moscow Russia
| | - Aslan K. Shabanov
- N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Bld. 1 129090 Moscow Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology 25 Petrovka Str., Build. 2 107031 Moscow Russia
| | - Oleg Denisenko
- University of Washington 850 Republican St. 98109 Seattle WA United States
| | - Artem N. Kuzovlev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology 25 Petrovka Str., Build. 2 107031 Moscow Russia
| | - Elena V. Klychnikova
- N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Bld. 1 129090 Moscow Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Tazina
- N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Bld. 1 129090 Moscow Russia
| | - Sergey S. Petrikov
- N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Bld. 1 129090 Moscow Russia
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Dong X, Wang C, Liu X, Bai X, Li Z. The Trajectory of Alterations in Immune-Cell Counts in Severe-Trauma Patients Is Related to the Later Occurrence of Sepsis and Mortality: Retrospective Study of 917 Cases. Front Immunol 2021; 11:603353. [PMID: 33488604 PMCID: PMC7820769 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.603353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe trauma is believed to disrupt the homeostasis of the immune system, and lead to dramatic changes in the circulating immune-cell count (ICC). The latter fluctuates widely over time. Knowledge about the relationship between these dramatic changes and dynamic fluctuations and the late prognosis of trauma patients is sparse. We investigated the relationship between the trajectory of alterations in the circulating ICC within 7 days in severe-trauma patients and subsequent sepsis and mortality. Methods A retrospective analysis of 917 patients with an Injury Severity Score ≥16 was undertaken. The absolute neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts (ANC, ALC, and AMC, respectively) on days 1, 3, and 7 (D1, D3, and D7, respectively) after trauma, and whether sepsis or death occurred within 60 days, were recorded. As the disordered circulating ICCs fluctuated widely, their time-varying slopes (D3/D1 and D7/D3) were calculated. Patients were divided into “sepsis” and “non-sepsis” groups, as well as “alive” and “death” groups. Comparative studies were conducted between every two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables related to the risk of sepsis and mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to assess the predictive value of various risk factors. Results More severe trauma caused more pronounced increases in the ANC and slower recovery of the ALC within 7 days. The ALC (D3), ANC (D7), ALC (D3/D1), and ANC (D7/D3) were independent risk factors for sepsis. The ALC (D3), ALC (D7), AMC (D7), and ALC (D3/D1) were independent risk factors for mortality. A combination of the ALC (D3) and ALC (D3/D1) exerted a good predictive value for sepsis and death. Conclusions The trajectory of alterations in the circulating ICC in the early stage after trauma is related to subsequent sepsis and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijie Dong
- Trauma Center, Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuntao Wang
- Trauma Center, Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghua Liu
- Trauma Center, Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Trauma Center, Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Trauma Center, Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Huang J, Sun R, Sun B. Identification and evaluation of hub mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in neutrophils during sepsis. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:321-330. [PMID: 32025760 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal the systematic response of neutrophils to sepsis and to study the hub lncRNAs in sepsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Neutrophils taken from the femur and tibia of male C57 BL/6 mice were used in this study. And neutrophils were treated for 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, and 4 h with or without 1 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for further chip detection. In addition, cecal ligation and perforation were used to simulate sepsis. Here, we used different bioinformatics analyses, including differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and gene regulatory network analysis, to analyze the systemic response of neutrophils to sepsis. RESULTS We identified nine modules and found hub lncRNAs in each module. The blue and pink modules were closely related to the inflammatory state of sepsis. Some hub lncRNAs (NONMMUT005259, KnowTID_00004196, and NR_003507) may have functions related to the inflammatory state in sepsis. CONCLUSIONS Based on a new biological approach, our research results revealed the systemic-level response of neutrophils to sepsis and identified several hub lncRNAs with potential regulatory effects on this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Huang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ran Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bingwei Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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11
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Dinu AR, Rogobete AF, Bratu T, Popovici SE, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Bratu LM, Sandesc D. Cannabis Sativa Revisited-Crosstalk between microRNA Expression, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endocannabinoid Response System in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis. Cells 2020; 9:E307. [PMID: 32012914 PMCID: PMC7072707 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Critically ill patients with sepsis require a multidisciplinary approach, as this situation implies multiorgan distress, with most of the bodily biochemical and cellular systems being affected by the condition. Moreover, sepsis is characterized by a multitude of biochemical interactions and by dynamic changes of the immune system. At the moment, there is a gap in our understanding of the cellular, genetic, and molecular mechanisms involved in sepsis. One of the systems intensely studied in recent years is the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as light was shed over a series of important interactions of cannabinoid receptors with biochemical pathways, specifically for sepsis. Furthermore, a series of important implications on inflammation and the immune system that are induced by the activity of cannabinoid receptors stimulated by the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have been noticed. One of the most important is their ability to reduce the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators and the modulation of immune mechanisms. Different studies have reported that cannabinoids can reduce oxidative stress at mitochondrial and cellular levels. The aim of this review paper was to present, in detail, the important mechanisms modulated by the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as well as of the molecular and cellular links it has with sepsis. At the same time, we wish to present the possible implications of cannabinoids in the most important biological pathways involved in sepsis, such as inflammation, redox activity, immune system, and epigenetic expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Raluca Dinu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Papurica
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Melania Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
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12
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Malnutrition and its effects in severely injured trauma patients. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 46:993-1004. [PMID: 31974669 PMCID: PMC7593306 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-020-01304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose In hospitalized patients, malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes. However, the consequences of malnutrition in trauma patients are still poorly understood. This study aims to review the current knowledge about the pathophysiology, prevalence, and effects of malnutrition in severely injured patients. Methods A systematic literature review in PubMed and Embase was conducted according to PRISMA-guidelines. Results Nine review articles discussed the hypermetabolic state in severely injured patients in relation to malnutrition. In these patients, malnutrition negatively influenced the metabolic response, and vice versa, thereby rendering them susceptible to adverse outcomes and further deterioration of nutritional status. Thirteen cohort studies reported on prevalences of malnutrition in severely injured patients; ten reported clinical outcomes. In severely injured patients, the prevalence of malnutrition ranged from 7 to 76%, depending upon setting, population, and nutritional assessment tool used. In the geriatric trauma population, 7–62.5% were malnourished at admission and 35.6–60% were at risk for malnutrition. Malnutrition was an independent risk factor for complications, mortality, prolonged hospital length of stay, and declined quality of life. Conclusions Despite widespread belief about the importance of nutrition in severely injured patients, the quantity and quality of available evidence is surprisingly sparse, frequently of low-quality, and outdated. Based on the malnutrition-associated adverse outcomes, the nutritional status of trauma patients should be routinely and carefully monitored. Trials are required to better define the optimal nutritional treatment of trauma patients, but a standardized data dictionary and reasonable outcome measures are required for meaningful interpretation and application of results. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00068-020-01304-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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13
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Dijkink S, Meier K, Krijnen P, Yeh DD, Velmahos GC, Arbous MS, Salim A, Hoogendoorn JM, Schipper IB. The malnutrition in polytrauma patients (MaPP) study: Research protocol. Nutr Health 2019; 25:291-301. [PMID: 31456469 PMCID: PMC6900577 DOI: 10.1177/0260106019868884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polytrauma patients are at risk of considerable harm from malnutrition due to the metabolic response to trauma. However, there is little knowledge of (the risk of) malnutrition and its consequences in these patients. Recognition of sub-optimally nourished polytrauma patients and their nutritional needs is crucial to prevent complications and optimize their clinical outcomes. AIM The primary objective is to investigate whether polytrauma patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) who have or develop malnutrition have a higher complication rate than patients who are and remain well nourished. Secondary objectives are to determine the prevalence of pre-existent and in-hospital acquired malnutrition in these patients, to assess the association between malnutrition and long-term outcomes, and to determine the association between serum biomarkers (albumin and pre-albumin) and malnutrition. METHODS This international observational prospective cohort study will be performed at three Level-1 trauma centers in the United States and two Level-1 centers in the Netherlands. Adult polytrauma patients (Injury Severity Score ≥16) admitted to the ICU of one of the participating centers directly from the Emergency Department are eligible for inclusion. Nutritional status and risk of malnutrition will be assessed using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scale and Nutritional Risk in Critically Ill (NUTRIC) score, respectively. Nutritional intake, biomarkers and complications will be collected daily. Patients will be followed up to one year after discharge for long-term outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This international prospective cohort study aims to gain more insight into the effect and consequences of malnutrition in polytrauma patients admitted to the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Dijkink
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The
Netherlands
- Contributed equally to this manuscript and therefore share first
authorship
| | - Karien Meier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The
Netherlands
- Contributed equally to this manuscript and therefore share first
authorship
| | - Pieta Krijnen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The
Netherlands
| | - D Dante Yeh
- Ryder Trauma Center, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery,
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - George C Velmahos
- Division of Trauma, Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care,
Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Sesmu Arbous
- Department of Intensive Care, Leiden University Medical Center Leiden, The
Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The
Netherlands
| | - Ali Salim
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burn and Surgical Critical Care,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jochem M Hoogendoorn
- Department of General Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center Westeinde, The
Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Inger B Schipper
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The
Netherlands
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14
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Rogobete AF, Grintescu IM, Bratu T, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Crainiceanu ZP, Popovici SE, Sandesc D. Assessment of Metabolic and Nutritional Imbalance in Mechanically Ventilated Multiple Trauma Patients: From Molecular to Clinical Outcomes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:diagnostics9040171. [PMID: 31683927 PMCID: PMC6963656 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9040171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The critically ill polytrauma patient is characterized by a series of metabolic changes induced by inflammation, oxidative stress, sepsis, and primary trauma, as well as associated secondary injuries associated. Metabolic and nutritional dysfunction in the critically ill patient is a complex series of imbalances of biochemical and genetic pathways, as well as the interconnection between them. Therefore, the equation changes in comparison to other critical patients or to healthy individuals, in which cases, mathematical equations can be successfully used to predict the energy requirements. Recent studies have shown that indirect calorimetry is one of the most accurate methods for determining the energy requirements in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients. Current research is oriented towards an individualized therapy depending on the energy consumption (kcal/day) of each patient that also takes into account the clinical dynamics. By using indirect calorimetry, one can measure, in real time, both oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. Energy requirements (kcal/day) and the respiratory quotient (RQ) can be determined in real time by integrating these dynamic parameters into electronic algorithms. In this manner, nutritional therapy becomes personalized and caters to the patients’ individual needs, helping patients receive the energy substrates they need at each clinically specific time of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu",300041 Timisoara 300723, Romania.
| | - Ioana Marina Grintescu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Tiberiu Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu",300041 Timisoara 300723, Romania.
| | - Marius Papurica
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu",300041 Timisoara 300723, Romania.
| | | | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu",300041 Timisoara 300723, Romania.
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu",300041 Timisoara 300723, Romania.
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15
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Karimi A, Ghodsi R, Kooshki F, Karimi M, Asghariazar V, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. Therapeutic effects of curcumin on sepsis and mechanisms of action: A systematic review of preclinical studies. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2798-2820. [PMID: 31429161 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex disease that begins with an infectious disorder and causes excessive immune responses. Curcumin is considered as an active component of turmeric that can improve the condition in sepsis due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched. Searching was not limited to a specific publication period. Only English-language original articles, which had examined the effect of curcumin on sepsis, were included. At first, 1,098 articles were totally found, and 209 articles were selected after excluding duplicated data; 46 articles were remained due to the curcumin effects on sepsis. These included 23 in vitro studies and 23 animal studies. Our results showed that curcumin and various analogs of curcumin can have an inhibitory effect on sepsis-induced complications. Curcumin has the ability to inhibit the inflammatory, oxidative coagulation factors, and regulation of immune responses in sepsis. Despite the promising evidence of the therapeutic effects of curcumin on the sepsis complication, further studies seem necessary to investigate its effect and possible mechanisms of action in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Ghodsi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fateme Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Karimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Asghariazar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Tsivadze AY, Petrikov SS, Goroncharovskaya IV, Evseev AK, Shabanov AK, Batishchev OV, Andreev VN, Goldin MM. Voltammetric Analysis in Blood Serum in Patients with Severe Combined Trauma. DOKLADY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012501619050014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Kartchner LB, Gode CJ, Dunn JLM, Glenn LI, Duncan DN, Wolfgang MC, Cairns BA, Maile R. One-hit wonder: Late after burn injury, granulocytes can clear one bacterial infection but cannot control a subsequent infection. Burns 2019; 45:627-640. [PMID: 30833100 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Burn injury induces an acute hyperactive immune response followed by a chronic immune dysregulation that leaves those afflicted susceptible to multiple secondary infections. Many murine models are able to recapitulate the acute immune response to burn injury, yet few models are able to recapitulate long-term immune suppression and thus chronic susceptibility to bacterial infections seen in burn patients. This has hindered the field, making evaluation of the mechanisms responsible for these susceptibilities difficult to study. Herein we describe a novel mouse model of burn injury that promotes chronic immune suppression allowing for susceptibility to primary and secondary infections and thus allows for the evaluation of associated mechanisms. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice receiving a full-thickness contact burn were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 days (primary infection) and/or 17 days (secondary infection) after burn or sham injury. The survival, pulmonary and systemic bacterial load as well as frequency and function of innate immune cells (neutrophils and macrophages) were evaluated. RESULTS Following secondary infection, burn mice were less effective in clearance of bacteria compared to sham injured or burn mice following a primary infection. Following secondary infection both neutrophils and macrophages recruited to the airways exhibited reduced production of anti-bacterial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the pro-inflammatory cytokineIL-12 while macrophages demonstrated increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 compared to those from sham burned mice and/or burn mice receiving a primary infection. In addition the BALF from these mice contained significantly higher level so of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 compared to those from sham burned mice and/or burn mice receiving a primary infection. CONCLUSIONS Burn-mediated protection from infection is transient, with a secondary infection inducing immune protection to collapse. Repeated infection leads to increased neutrophil and macrophage numbers in the lungs late after burn injury, with diminished innate immune cell function and an increased anti-inflammatory cytokine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel B Kartchner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cindy J Gode
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, USA
| | - Julia L M Dunn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lindsey I Glenn
- Department of Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Danté N Duncan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew C Wolfgang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, USA
| | - Bruce A Cairns
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Jaycee Burn Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert Maile
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Jaycee Burn Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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18
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Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Popovici SE, Bratu T, Popoiu CM, Nitu R, Dragomir T, AAbed HIM, Ivan MV. MicroRNA Expression is Associated with Sepsis Disorders in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients. Cells 2018; 7:E271. [PMID: 30551680 PMCID: PMC6316368 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A critically ill polytrauma patient is one of the most complex cases to be admitted to the intensive care unit, due to both the primary traumatic complications and the secondary post-traumatic interactions. From a molecular, genetic, and epigenetic point of view, numerous biochemical interactions are responsible for the deterioration of the clinical status of a patient, and increased mortality rates. From a molecular viewpoint, microRNAs are one of the most complex macromolecular systems due to the numerous modular reactions and interactions that they are involved in. Regarding the expression and activity of microRNAs in sepsis, their usefulness has reached new levels of significance. MicroRNAs can be used both as an early biomarker for sepsis, and as a therapeutic target because of their ability to block the complex reactions involved in the initiation, maintenance, and augmentation of the clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Marius Papurica
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", 300723 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Tiberiu Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Calin Marius Popoiu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Razvan Nitu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Tiberiu Dragomir
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Hazzaa I M AAbed
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Mihaela Viviana Ivan
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
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Nuclear Transcription Factor Kappa B (NF-кB) and Molecular Damage Mechanisms in Acute Cardiovascular Diseases. A Review. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/jce-2018-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, and acute coronary syndromes are responsible for a large number of sudden cardiac deaths. One of the main challenges that still exist in this area is represented by the early detection and targeted monitoring of the pathophysiology involved in CVDs. During the last couple of years, researchers have highlighted the importance of molecular and epigenetic mechanisms involved in the initiation and augmentation of CVDs, culminating in their most severe form represented by acute myocardial infarction. One of the most studied molecular factors involved in this type of pathology is represented by nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB), as well as the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs). It has been suggested that miRNAs can also be involved in the complex process of atheromatous plaque vulnerabilization that leads to an acute cardiac event. In this review paper, we describe the most important molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs and atheromatous plaque progression and vulnerabilization, which include molecular mechanisms dependent on NF-κB. For this paper, we used international databases (PubMed and Scopus). The keywords used for the search were “miRNAs biomarkers”, “miRNAs in cardiovascular disease”, “NF-κB in cardiovascular disease”, “molecular mechanism in cardiovascular disease”, and “myocardial NF-κB mechanisms”. Numerous molecular reactions that have NF-κB as a trigger are involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs. Moreover, miRNAs play an important role in initiating and aggravating certain segments of CVDs. Therefore, miRNAs can be used as biomarkers for early evaluation of CVDs. Furthermore, in the future, miRNAs could be used as a targeted molecular therapy in order to block certain mechanisms responsible for inducing CVDs and leading to acute cardiovascular events.
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Sandesc M, Rogobete AF, Bedreag OH, Dinu A, Papurica M, Cradigati CA, Sarandan M, Popovici SE, Bratu LM, Bratu T, Stan AT, Sandesc D. Analysis of oxidative stress-related markers in critically ill polytrauma patients: An observational prospective single-center study. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2018; 18:191-197. [PMID: 29310566 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2018.2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Critically ill polytrauma patients have increased production of free radicals (FRs) and consequent alterations in biochemical pathways, as well as disruption of cellular integrity, due to increased lipid peroxidation. The aim of this study was to investigate several biomarkers associated with increased oxidative stress in critically ill polytrauma patients, and to evaluate the effect of antioxidant treatment on the clinical outcome in these patients. A total of 67 polytrauma patients from an intensive care unit met the selection criteria. Antiox group included 35/67 patients who received antioxidant therapy, while 32/67 patients without antioxidant treatment were considered as control group. Antioxidant therapy consisted of simultaneous administration of Vitamin C (sodium ascorbate) and N-acetylcysteine, through continuous intravenous infusion. Clinical and paraclinical evaluation of the patients was performed daily until discharge or death. At admission, laboratory parameters did not differ significantly between two groups. At discharge/upon death, statistically significant differences in favor of Antiox group were observed in the following parameters: thrombocytes, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin 6 (all p = 0.0001), total protein (p = 0.0005), serum albumin (p = 0.0004), lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.0006), and C-reactive protein (p = 0.0014). Starting from day 5, the APACHE II score was significantly decreased in Antiox versus control group (p < 0.05). Finally, the sepsis incidence and mortality rate were significantly lower in Antiox group (p < 0.05). Decreasing the level of oxidative stress by antioxidant substances significantly correlated with a better prognosis and outcome in our patients. Further studies should elucidate more clearly the mechanism of action of antioxidants in critically ill polytrauma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
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21
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He F, Luo PF, Tang T, Zhang F, Fang H, Ji SZ, Sun Y, Wu GS, Pan BH, Huo ZB, Wang GY, Xia ZF. Targeted release of stromal cell-derived factor-1α by reactive oxygen species-sensitive nanoparticles results in bone marrow stromal cell chemotaxis and homing, and repair of vascular injury caused by electrical burns. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29529067 PMCID: PMC5847229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid repair of vascular injury is an important prognostic factor for electrical burns. This repair is achieved mainly via stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α promoting the mobilization, chemotaxis, homing, and targeted differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into endothelial cells. Forming a concentration gradient from the site of local damage in the circulation is essential to the role of SDF-1α. In a previous study, we developed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive PPADT nanoparticles containing SDF-1α that could degrade in response to high concentration of ROS in tissue lesions, achieving the goal of targeted SDF-1α release. In the current study, a rat vascular injury model of electrical burns was used to evaluate the effects of targeted release of SDF-1α using PPADT nanoparticles on the chemotaxis of BMSCs and the repair of vascular injury. Continuous exposure to 220 V for 6 s could damage rat vascular endothelial cells, strip off the inner layer, significantly elevate the local level of ROS, and decrease the level of SDF-1α. After injection of Cy5-labeled SDF-1α-PPADT nanoparticles, the distribution of Cy5 fluorescence suggested that SDF-1α was distributed primarily at the injury site, and the local SDF-1α levels increased significantly. Seven days after injury with nanoparticles injection, aggregation of exogenous green fluorescent protein-labeled BMSCs at the injury site was observed. Ten days after injury, the endothelial cell arrangement was better organized and continuous, with relatively intact vascular morphology and more blood vessels. These results showed that SDF-1α-PPADT nanoparticles targeted the SDF-1α release at the site of injury, directing BMSC chemotaxis and homing, thereby promoting vascular repair in response to electrical burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Nanjing Medical University affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng-Fei Luo
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Surgery, Navy Hospital of PLA, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - He Fang
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Zhao Ji
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Wu
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo-Han Pan
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Bao Huo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZBH); (GYW); (ZFX)
| | - Guang-Yi Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZBH); (GYW); (ZFX)
| | - Zhao-Fan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, the Second Military Medical University affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZBH); (GYW); (ZFX)
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22
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De Waele E, Honoré PM, Malbrain MLNG. Between Dream and Reality in Nutritional Therapy: How to Fill the Gap. ANNUAL UPDATE IN INTENSIVE CARE AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2018 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-73670-9_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Use of CytoSorb in Traumatic Amputation of the Forearm and Severe Septic Shock. Case Rep Crit Care 2017; 2017:8747616. [PMID: 29423323 PMCID: PMC5750503 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8747616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe trauma associated with later disability and mortality still constitutes a major health and socioeconomic problem throughout the world. While primary morbidity and mortality are mostly related to initial injuries and early complications, secondary lethality is strongly linked to the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and ultimately multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. We herein report on a 49-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital after a traumatic amputation of his right forearm that was cut off while working on a landfill. After initial treatment for shock, he received immediate replantation and was transferred to the ICU. Due to the anticipated risk of a complex infection, continuous renal replacement therapy in combination with CytoSorb was initiated. During the course of the combined treatment, a rapid improvement in hemodynamics was noticed, as well as a significant reduction of IL-6 and lactate levels. Despite a recurring septic episode and the necessity for amputation, the patient clinically stabilized and underwent complete recovery. The early treatment with a combination of CVVHDF and CytoSorb was accompanied by an attenuation of the systemic inflammatory reaction, which subsided without major or permanent organ damage, despite the impressive pathogen spectrum and the pronounced local damage.
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Muschitz GK, Schwabegger E, Fochtmann A, Baierl A, Kocijan R, Haschka J, Gruther W, Schanda JE, Resch H, Rath T, Pietschmann P, Muschitz C. Long-Term Effects of Severe Burn Injury on Bone Turnover and Microarchitecture. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:2381-2393. [PMID: 28667771 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Severe burn injury triggers massive alterations in stress hormone levels with a dose-dependent hypermetabolic status including increased bone resorption. This study evaluated bone microarchitecture measured by noninvasive high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). Changes of serum bone turnover markers (BTM) as well as regulators of bone signaling pathways involved in skeletal health were assessed. Standardized effect sizes as a quantitative measure regarding the impact of serum changes and the prediction of these changes on bone microarchitecture were investigated. In total, 32 male patients with a severe burn injury (median total body surface area [TBSA], 40.5%; median age 40.5 years) and 28 matched male controls (median age 38.3 years) over a period of 24 months were included. In patients who had sustained a thermal injury, trabecular and cortical bone microstructure showed a continuous decline, whereas cortical porosity (Ct.Po) and pore volume increased. Initially, elevated levels of BTM and C-reactive protein (CRP) continuously decreased over time but remained elevated. In contrast, levels of soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (sRANKL) increased over time. Osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), intact N-terminal type 1 procollagen propeptide (P1NP), and cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX) acutely reflected the increase of Ct.Po at the radius (R2 = 0.41), followed by the reduction of trabecular thickness at the tibia (R2 = 0.28). In adult male patients, early and sustained changes of markers of bone resorption, formation and regulators of bone signaling pathways, prolonged inflammatory cytokine activities in conjunction with muscle catabolism, and vitamin D insufficiency were observed. These alterations are directly linked to a prolonged deterioration of bone microstructure. The probably increased risk of fragility fractures should be of clinical concern and subject to future interventional studies with bone-protective agents. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Katharina Muschitz
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Schwabegger
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexandra Fochtmann
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Baierl
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Kocijan
- St. Vincent Hospital, Medical Department II-VINFORCE, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Haschka
- St. Vincent Hospital, Medical Department II-VINFORCE, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Gruther
- University Clinic of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Occupational Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Heinrich Resch
- St. Vincent Hospital, Medical Department II-VINFORCE, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Karl Landsteiner Institute for Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Vienna, Austria.,Bone Diseases Unit, Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rath
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Muschitz
- St. Vincent Hospital, Medical Department II-VINFORCE, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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