Optimal cutoff of the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio to detect cardiovascular risk factors among Han adults in Xinjiang

The Influence of Parents' Nutritional Education Program on Their Infants' Metabolic Health

Childhood obesity is considered an epidemic in both developing and developed countries. Children obesity plays a vital role in children’s development and has a profound impact on their health in adult life. Although the etiology of obesity is multifactorial, it can be prevented. According to research, feeding practices, developing eating habits, and parenting styles are of primary importance. Despite the widespread access to information on children’s nutrition, parents still make many mistakes preparing their meals. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of parents’ nutritional education on children’s selected anthropometric-metabolic parameters during their first year of life. The study comprised a group of parents of 203 Polish infants. Their parents were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the intervention group received intensive mobile nutritional education for a year, while the control group received no intervention. Blood tests and anthropometric measures were performed on both groups at the beginning of the study and one year later. Our study showed that parental nutritional education influences, among others. the BMI Z-score (the difference between the groups was 1.039) and the TG/HDL ratio (p < 0.001) in children. The final results of our study showed that proper nutritional education could improve children’s nutritional status at the population level.

Associations of total urinary arsenic with total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein among 12-17-year-old participants from the 2009-2016 NHANES cycles: A cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION

Hypertension and diabetes are highly prevalent among US adults. Arsenic exposure is associated with these cardiometabolic morbidities but the relationship between arsenic exposure and cholesterol markers of cardiometabolic disease has not been elucidated, especially at younger ages, when many chronic diseases may initiate. This study examined the association of total urinary arsenic with total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and explored effect modification by weight status.

METHODS

The study sample consisted of 12-17-year-old participants with complete data from the 2009-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles. The cross-sectional associations of creatinine-adjusted total urinary arsenic with TC and HDL were assessed using multivariable linear regression models with survey weights. Three models were built, adjusting for varying combinations of age, gender, race/ethnicity, weight status, survey cycle, family income to poverty ratio, reference person education level, arsenobetaine, and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Model adjustments for arsenobetaine approximated inorganic arsenic exposure, and further adjustment for DMA approximated unmethylated inorganic arsenic exposure. We also explored weight status (underweight/healthy, overweight, and obese) as a potential effect modifier of these relationships using stratified analyses and interaction tests.

RESULTS

The final analytical sample consisted of 1,177 12-17-year-old participants. After adjusting for covariates and arsenobetaine, creatinine-adjusted arsenic was positively associated with HDL levels (β = 0.063; 95% CI: 0.007, 0.119). Upon further adjustment for DMA, creatinine-adjusted arsenic was positively associated with HDL levels (β = 0.079; 95% CI: 0.015, 0.143) and TC levels (β = 0.258; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.515). No effect modification by weight status was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

We found a positive association of approximated unmethylated inorganic arsenic exposure with TC, and contrary to our expectation, with HDL. There was no effect modification by weight status. Our findings should be confirmed by conducting longitudinal studies among adolescents exposed to low-level arsenic and focusing specifically on urinary inorganic arsenic concentrations.

Lipid profile, lipid ratios, apolipoproteins, and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in men: The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study

The blood level of lipids, apolipoproteins, and lipid ratios are important predictors of some chronic diseases. However, their association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is less known. We evaluated a wide range of lipid profiles and lipid ratios, including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and apoA1 and B, as well triglyceride and total cholesterol with risk of incident CMM. In 1728 men aged 52.5 ± 5.2 years from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease were included in this study. We defined CMM as coexisting of two or more of stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD). A Cox proportional hazard regression method was applied to evaluate the risk of CMM against the exposures. During the mean follow-up of 22.4 years, 335 men suffered from CMM conditions. Higher serum triglyceride and VLDL concentrations were associated with a higher risk of coexisting T2D-CHD (HRs 1.99 (95% CI, 1.12-3.53) and HRs 1.79 (95% CI, 1.04-3.11), respectively. Whereas higher HDL was associated with lower incident [HRs 0.49 (95% CI, 0.40-1.00)]. The HRs for coexisting T2D-CHD was 2.02 (95% CI, 1.01-3.07) for total cholesterol/HDL-C, 1.85 (95% CI, 1.04-3.29) for triglyceride/HDL-C, 1.69 (95% CI, 1.01-2.31) for Non-HDL-C/HDL-C, and 1.89 (95% CI, 1.03-2.46) for apoB/apoA1. In contrast, serum LDL-C/apoB ratios were inversely associated with the risk of coexisting T2D-CHD [HRs 0.50 (95% CI, 0.28-0.90)]. No associations were observed between our exposures and other CMM conditions. In conclusion, elevated triglyceride, VLDL-C, total cholesterol/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, apoB/apoA1 as well as lower LDL-C/apoB were independently associated with the higher risk of T2D-CHD coexistence.

Association and diagnostic value of a novel uric acid index to cardiovascular risk

OBJECTIVES

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the association and diagnostic value of a novel uric acid index (UA index) to cardiovascular risk (CVR).

DESIGN

and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed. We analyzed data from the Plan for Prevention and Surveillance of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases at the Hospital de Huaycan, Peru. The QRISK model was used to measure the CVR. Stepwise regression models were performed to determine significant factors to predict CVR and formulate the UA index, then the association of UA index and high CVR was evaluated by Poisson regression models, and the diagnostic accuracy was verified through ROC curves.

RESULTS

In total 291 participants (206 women and 85 men) were analyzed. The correlation between UA index to CVR was stronger (R 2 :0.31, p < 0.001) than uric acid (UA) alone (R 2 :0.19, p < 0.001), and the contribution of UA was stronger than triglycerides or glucose in the stepwise regression model. In the Poisson models, the UA index adjusted model (PRa: 1.58, CI95% 1.11-2.24) presented significant independent association to CVR. The diagnostic accuracy was similar in men (cut-off: 10.8, AUC:0.81; 0.75-0.87) and women (cut-off: 10.0; AUC: 0.77, 0.71-0.84).

CONCLUSION

UA index presented a good diagnostic accuracy and independent significant association to high CVR in adults from Peru. This marker can be used to assess CVR and follow therapeutic progress in primary health care.

Insulin Resistance Indexes as Biomarkers of Lifetime Cardiovascular Risk among Adults from Peru

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prevalent cause of death from disease and disability in the world. Reliable markers are needed to assess and reduce cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to determine if insulin resistance indexes, triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), and triglyceride glucose index (TyG) are biomarkers for lifetime cardiovascular risk (CVR).

Methods

This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on health personnel from Huaycan Hospital in Peru. The QRISK model was used to measure lifetime CVR. The association and diagnostic accuracy for TyG calculated as Ln (TG (mg/dL) × glucose (mg/dL)/2) and TG/HDL-C ratio were determined using Poisson regression models and ROC curves with Youden index.

Results

In total, 291 adults (207 women and 84 men) were analyzed. In the adjusted Poisson models, each unit of TG/HDL-C increased 1.22-fold and 1.16-fold the probability of high lifetime CVR in men and women, respectively. However, each unit of TyG increased 1.98-fold in men and 3.25-fold in women the probability of high lifetime CVR. The optimal cutoff values of TG/HDL-C were 2.64 (AUC: 0.77), 3.90 (AUC: 0.80), and 2.64 (AUC: 0.74) for the overall population, men, and women, respectively. Likewise, the optimal cutoff values of TyG were 9.04 (AUC: 0.80), 8.95 (AUC: 0.79), and 9.04 (AUC: 0.80) for the overall population, men, and women, respectively.

Conclusion

TG/HDL-C and TyG presented a significant association with lifetime CVR. However, TyG presented a stronger association than TG/HDL-C. Both TG/HDL-C and TyG are shown to be reliable markers for CVR in adults.

Periodontitis and its higher levels of severity are associated with the triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio

BACKGROUND

Periodontitis and the Triglyceride/High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio have both been associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. Additionally, the ratio is a possible substitute for predicting insulin resistance. This study investigated the association between periodontitis, its severity levels (exposures), and the TG/HDL-C ratio (outcome).

METHODS

A cross-sectional study of public health service users in Brazil considered socioeconomic-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior, and general and oral health conditions. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were also measured. Systemic biomarker data were obtained, as well as assessment of periodontal diagnosis and its severity. The TG/HDL-C ratio was calculated using the serum triglyceride level over HDL cholesterol and the cut-off point, TG/HDL-C ≥2.3 serving as the cutoff indicting dyslipidemia. Logistic and linear regressions were used to statistically analyze the data.

RESULTS

A total of 1011 participants were included, with 84.17% having periodontitis and 49.85% having a TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3. For individuals with periodontitis, the odds of TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3 were 1.47 times greater than in those without periodontitis (OR_Adjusted  = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02-2.14). Similar results were found for those with moderate and severe periodontitis, with a slight increase in the measurement magnitude with disease severity.

CONCLUSION

A positive relationship between periodontitis and the TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3 was found, suggesting a possible association with periodontal disease severity.

An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Biomarkers of Lifestyle-Related Diseases Using the National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan, 1973-2018

Studies of biomarkers of lifestyle-related diseases in Japanese cohorts are scarce. This study aimed to analyze trends in risk markers of lifestyle-related diseases using age-period-cohort (APC) analysis. Data on systolic blood pressure and BMI from 1973 to 2018 and serum glucose, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels from 1989 to 2018 available from the National Health and Nutrition Survey were used. Values for each of the risk markers for each age, period, and cohort were estimated using APC analysis. For women, a decrease in all the risk markers of lifestyle-related diseases was observed in individuals born between the 1930s and approximately 1970. Therefore, female individuals born in approximately 1970 were considered to have the lowest risk of developing lifestyle-related and cardiovascular diseases. Meanwhile, the cohort effect on all the risk markers deteriorated for the younger cohorts, and changes in lifestyle behavior are needed for cohorts born more recently. For men, the trends in risk markers across the cohorts differed, and the relative risk of lifestyle-related diseases for each cohort differed according to disease. These results could help understand cohort-specific risks for lifestyle-related disease and enable identification of high-risk populations who could benefit from preventive measures.

Association between Periodontal Disease and Levels of Triglyceride and Total Cholesterol among Korean Adults

Although the correlation between periodontal condition and hyperlipidemia was shown by previous researches, it remains disputed. This study was based on data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2018. Data included 14,068 subjects’ demographic characteristics, total cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, and periodontal conditions. We analyzed the correlation between periodontal disease and blood lipid levels using complex-sample chi square tests and complex-sample logistic regression. The results of chi square tests showed a significant difference in demographic characteristics according to total cholesterol level and triglyceride level. The results of logistic regression, adjusted for the subjects’ demographic characteristics such as age, gender, house income, marital status, home ownership, number of persons living together, health insurance coverage, and economic activity, showed that prevalence of periodontal disease was 1.048-fold (confidence interval (CI) 0.827–1.133) higher in the high-total-cholesterol group and 1.499-fold (CI 1.576–1.983) higher in high-triglyceride group. We found that not high total cholesterol but high triglyceride level was connected with periodontal disease. Therefore, management of triglyceride level could be a possible precaution of periodontal disease.

Association of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio with risk of incident hypertension

The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is considered a simple surrogate of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the association of the TG/HDL-C ratio with the risk of incident hypertension and whether the TG/HDL-C ratio mediates the obesity-incident hypertension association. The study analyzed 9679 participants from a rural Chinese population. Demographic and anthropometric and laboratory data were collected at baseline (2007-2008) and follow-up (2013-2014) examinations. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of the TG/HDL-C ratio with incident hypertension, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Mediation analysis was performed to examine the contribution of the TG/HDL-C ratio to obesity-related incident hypertension. During a median follow-up of 6.00 years, hypertension developed in 1880/9679 participants (19.42%). The risk of incident hypertension was higher in the highest TG/HDL-C ratio quartile than in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.02-1.42). Subgroup analyses showed that the risk of incident hypertension was increased by 30%, 36%, and 33% among women, participants < 60 years old and those with prehypertension at baseline, respectively. The TG/HDL-C ratio partially mediated the obesity-incident hypertension association (indirect effect: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07; direct effect: OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.16-1.62). The TG/HDL-C ratio may be a risk factor for incident hypertension, especially in women, participants < 60 years old and those with prehypertension. The TG/HDL-C ratio may also play a mediating role in obesity-related incident hypertension.

Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholestrol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios are predictors of cardiovascular risk in Iranian adults: Evidence from a population-based cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

The superiority of TG/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios in predicting CVD risk is a matter of debates. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare TG/HDL-C and LDL-C to HDL-C ratios in predicting the risk of CVD events.

METHODS

In a population-based cross-sectional study, 567 representative participants aged 40 years or older were entered in the study in Babol, North of Iran. The demographic data, anthropometric measures, and the cardio metabolic risk factors were measured. The individual risk of CVD events was assessed by ACC/AHA risk model. ROC analysis was applied to estimate the diagnostic accuracy and the optimal cut-off points of TG/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios.

RESULTS

The AUC of TG/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were rather similar and both parameters significantly predicted CVD risk in men comparably, and TG/HDL-C at optimal cutoff point of 3.6 produced 75% sensitivity and 39% specificity. However,in women TG/HDL-C with AUC of 0.65( p=0.091) at optimal cutoff value of 3.4 produced a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 51%. The LDL-C/HDL-C ratio had no discriminative ability in predicting CVD risk in women. The adjusted OR of TG/HDL-C at 2nd quartile was significant (OR=3.22, 95% CI:1.25-8.29) and a greater association was found with 3rd and 4rth quartiles.

CONCLUSION

Both TG/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios comparably predict CVD risk in men, whereas in women only TG/ HDL-C is a significant predictor but not LDL-C/HDL-C.

Comparison of discrimination for cardio-metabolic risk by different cut-off values of the ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol

Background

The ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C ratio) is known as a good predictor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to compare discrimination for cardiovascular risk by different cut-off values of the TG/HDL-C ratio.

Methods

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed for the relationship between TG/HDL-C ratio and accumulation of cardio-metabolic risk factors including visceral obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the relationships of TG/HDL-C ratio with cardio-metabolic risk factors using the cut-off values obtained by ROC analysis and conventional cut-off values (men, 3.75; women, 3.00).

Results

In ROC analysis, the optimal cut-off values for TG/HDL-C ratio were 2.967 in men and 2.237 in women, which were much smaller than the conventional cut-of values. Odds ratios for multiple cardio-metabolic risk factors of subjects with vs. subjects without a high TG/HDL-C ratio in men and women were 5.75 (4.43–7.46) and 18.76 (10.32–34.13), respectively, by using the new cut-off values and they were 5.03 (3.96–6.39) and 16.11 (9.20–28.20), respectively, by using the conventional cut-off values. The odds ratios for visceral obesity, hypertension and diabetes were comparable when using these two different cut-off values.

Conclusion

Cut-off values should be ideally calculated by ROC analysis. However, the discrimination power of cut-off values for the TG/HDL-C ratio calculated by ROC analysis for cardio-metabolic risk was similar to those by using the conventional cut-off values. Further studies using cardiovascular events as outcomes in the analysis may be needed to determine more suitable cut-off values of the TG/HDL-C ratio.

Association of triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio with cardiometabolic outcomes

Electronic medical records (EMRs) offer a potential opportunity to identify patients at high risk for cardiometabolic disease, which encompasses type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this retrospective cohort study is to use information gathered from EMR to investigate the association between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) and cardiometabolic outcomes in a general population of subjects over 50 years of age during a follow-up period of 8-9 years. TG/HDL-C was recorded for each of 1428 subjects in 2008, and diagnoses of type 2 diabetes and CVD were recorded through chart review until 2017. Cox proportional hazards models controlling for demographic characteristics and other risk factors demonstrated that high TG/HDL-C (>2.5 in women or >3.5 in men) was significantly associated with increased incidence of type 2 diabetes (HR 1.66; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.57; p=0.0230). There was also a suggested association between high TG/HDL-C and incidence of CVD (HR 1.51; 95% CI 0.98 to 2.35; p=0.0628). These findings suggest that using TG/HDL-C, which can be easily calculated from data in an EMR, should be another tool used in identifying patients at high cardiometabolic risk.

Impact of nonfasting triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio on secondary prevention in patients treated with statins

BACKGROUND

Some studies have demonstrated that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering therapy is one of the most important strategies to prevent coronary artery disease. Also, serum triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are recognized as independent risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the nonfasting TG/HDL-C ratio could affect the incidence of cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) even in patients treated with statins.

METHODS AND RESULTS

One thousand one hundred seventy consecutive patients were enrolled, all of whom underwent successful PCI for acute coronary syndrome or stable angina and continued statin treatments after PCI. They were equally divided into three groups on the basis of a nonfasting TG/HDL-C ratio 3 months after PCI. Among these groups, the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was measured during a maximum of 5 years after PCI. MACE was defined as cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, revascularization due to new stenosis or restenosis. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with higher TG/HDL-C ratio had a significantly higher incidence of MACE than other groups (p<0.001). In addition, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that the nonfasting TG/HDL-C ratio was significantly correlated with the incidence of MACE.

CONCLUSION

The nonfasting TG/HDL-C ratio was a valuable predictor of cardiovascular events after PCI in patients treated with statins.

Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and its association with periodontal disease in Korean adults: findings based on the 2012-2014 Korean national health and nutrition examination survey

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is associated with periodontal disease in Korean adults.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 12,249 individuals (4,941 men and 7,308 women) who took part in the 2012-2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We categorized the TG/HDL-C ratio into three groups. Periodontal disease was defined as a community pocket index score ≥3 with at least one affected site. Multiple logistic analyses were used to analyze the association between TG/HDL-C ratio and periodontal disease.

RESULTS

In the study population, prevalence of periodontal disease was 31.6% in men and 21% in women. Compared to the lowest tertile group, OR (95% CI) of the highest tertile group for periodontal disease was 1.474 (1.220-1.780) in men and 1.259 (1.041-1.522) in women after adjusting for age, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, current smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, household income, oral health behavior, and use of anti-dyslipidemia medication.

CONCLUSION

Our study suggests that the TG/HDL-C ratio is associated with periodontal disease in Korean adults.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

TG/HDL-C ratio is a simple and useful marker to reflect insulin resistance. And periodontal disease is also known to be related with insulin resistance. This study indicates that TG/HDL-C ratio was associated with periodontal disease in Korean adults.

Interethnic Differences in Serum Lipids and Implications for Cardiometabolic Disease Risk in African Ancestry Populations

African Americans generally have a healthier lipid profile (lower triglycerides and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration) compared with those of other ethnicities. Paradoxically, African Americans do not experience a decreased risk of the cardiometabolic diseases that serum lipids are expected to predict. This review explores this mismatch between biomarker and disease among African ancestry individuals by investigating the presence of interethnic differences in the biological relationships underlying the serum lipids-disease association. This review also discusses the physiologic and genomic factors underlying these interethnic differences. Additionally, because of the importance of serum lipids in assessing disease risk, interethnic differences in serum lipids have implications for identifying African ancestry individuals at risk of cardiometabolic disease. Where possible, data from Africa is included, to further elucidate these ancestral differences in the context of a different environmental background.

Apolipoprotein C-I Polymorphism and Its Association with Serum Lipid Levels and Longevity in the Bama Population

This study aims to determine the association between the apolipoprotein C-I polymorphism and the longevity and genetic variants in ApoC-I that can influence the serum lipid levels in Bama. ApoC-I genotypes were determined by Taqman single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays in 178 long-lived inhabitants (longevity group aged from 90 to 110 years), 147 healthy controls (Control 1 group aged from 40 to 79 years old) from Bama County, and 190 healthy controls (Control 2 group aged from 40 to 79 years old) from Nandan County without a family history of longevity. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 16.0. All genotype distributions of rs584007 and rs4420638 were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). Significant differences were observed in the frequencies of the three genotypes (GG, AG, and AA) among the longevity and the two control groups (χ² = 11.238, p = 0.024) for rs584007. No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of the three genotypes (GG, AG, and AA) among the longevity and the two control groups (χ² = 4.587, p = 0.318) for rs4420638. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) were not different among the three genotypes of rs584007 in the three groups. The levels of HDL-c for GG, AG, and AA were significantly different (the highest being in the longevity group), while the levels of TG for AA and AG genotypes (the lowest being in the longevity group) and the levels of LDL-c for AG were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the three groups for rs584007. The levels of TG and HDL-c were significantly different among the three rs4420638 genotypes in the longevity group. The levels of TC for GG, AG, and AA were significantly different in the Control 2 group, while the levels of TG and HDL-c for AA and AG genotypes were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the three groups for rs4420638. The level of HDL-c was highest in the longevity group for AA and AG genotypes, and the level of TG was highest in the Control 2 group for rs4420638. Serum lipid parameters were related to environmental factors, including age, gender, BMI, DBP, SBP, rs4420638, and rs584007. The ApoC-I polymorphism might be one of the genetic factors of longevity in Bama. The ApoC-I rs4420638 and rs584007 SNPs are associated with serum TG and HDL-c levels in the longevous population.