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Ghosh R, Bishayi B. Endogenous blocking of TLR2 along with TNF-α and IL-1β ameliorates the severity of the S. aureus arthritis via modulating STAT3/SOCS3 expressions in tissue resident macrophages. Microb Pathog 2024; 187:106518. [PMID: 38160988 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In vivo studies identifying a role of TLR2 in septic arthritis models are lacking. TNF-α played as the most important proinflammatory cytokine, and connected directly to the pathogenesis of bacterial arthritis. IL-1β is another central mediator cytokine in arthritis. It is therefore reasonable to question the role of neutralization of endogenous TNF-α and IL-1β along with TLR2 and associated downstream signaling as crucial mediators in the S. aureus -induced inflammatory arthritis. In reaction to an injury or a pathogen encounter, innate immune cells serve as the initial line of defense. TLR2 mediated entry of S. aureus into macrophage cells initiates an array of inflammatory cascades. After macrophage cell gets activated at the site inflammation, they generate elevated number of cytokines which includes TNF-α, IL-1β. This cytokines signals through STAT1/STAT3 mediated pathways. Thus, aim of this study was to discover how This bone damage could be altered by altering the STAT/STAT3/SOCS3 ratio by blocking TLR2, a particular S. aureus binding site, in conjunction with the use of IL-1 and TNF- antibodies for neutralizing endogenous IL-1β and TNF-α. Additionally, the role of local macrophages in therapy of arthritis was investigated in synovial and Splenic tissue. To comprehend the inflammatory milieu within the system, ROS and other antioxidant enzymes, along with the expression of mTOR in macrophage cells, were also taken into consideration. The detrimental impact of bacterial burden on synovial joints was reduced by simultaneously inhibiting TLR2, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Lowered IFN-γ decreases its sensitivity to STAT1 and lowered IL-6 reduces STAT3 expressions. Whereas, elevated IL-10 enhances SOSC3 expression, which thereby able to limits STAT1/STAT3 inter-conversion. As a result, NF-κB activity was downregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta, 700009, West Bengal, India.
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Chen B, Wang Y, Chen G. New Potentiality of Bioactive Substances: Regulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Autoimmune Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4584. [PMID: 37960237 PMCID: PMC10650318 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an essential component of the human innate immune system, and is closely associated with adaptive immunity. In most cases, the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome requires priming and activating, which are influenced by various ion flux signals and regulated by various enzymes. Aberrant functions of intracellular NLRP3 inflammasomes promote the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases, with the majority of studies currently focused on rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. In recent years, a number of bioactive substances have shown new potentiality for regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome in autoimmune diseases. This review provides a concise overview of the composition, functions, and regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, we focus on the newly discovered bioactive substances for regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome in autoimmune diseases in the past three years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guangjie Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (B.C.); (Y.W.)
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Anderson JR, Johnson E, Jenkins R, Jacobsen S, Green D, Walters M, Bundgaard L, Hausmans BAC, van den Akker G, Welting TJM, Chabronova A, Kharaz YA, Clarke EJ, James V, Peffers MJ. Multi-Omic Temporal Landscape of Plasma and Synovial Fluid-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Using an Experimental Model of Equine Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14888. [PMID: 37834337 PMCID: PMC10573509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to osteoarthritis pathogenesis through their release into joint tissues and synovial fluid. Synovial fluid-derived EVs have the potential to be direct biomarkers in the causal pathway of disease but also enable understanding of their role in disease progression. Utilizing a temporal model of osteoarthritis, we defined the changes in matched synovial fluid and plasma-derived EV small non-coding RNA and protein cargo using sequencing and mass spectrometry. Data exploration included time series clustering, factor analysis and gene enrichment interrogation. Chondrocyte signalling was analysed using luciferase-based transcription factor activity assays. EV protein cargo appears to be more important during osteoarthritis progression than small non-coding RNAs. Cluster analysis revealed plasma-EVs represented a time-dependent response to osteoarthritis induction associated with supramolecular complexes. Clusters for synovial fluid-derived EVs were associated with initial osteoarthritis response and represented immune/inflammatory pathways. Factor analysis for plasma-derived EVs correlated with day post-induction and were primarily composed of proteins modulating lipid metabolism. Synovial fluid-derived EVs factors represented intermediate filament and supramolecular complexes reflecting tissue repair. There was a significant interaction between time and osteoarthritis for CRE, NFkB, SRE, SRF with a trend for osteoarthritis synovial fluid-derived EVs at later time points to have a more pronounced effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Anderson
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK (Y.A.K.)
| | - Emily Johnson
- Computational Biology Facility, Liverpool Shared Research Facilities, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Rosalind Jenkins
- CDSS Bioanalytical Facility, Liverpool Shared Research Facilities, Department Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Stine Jacobsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DK-1870 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Green
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK (Y.A.K.)
| | - Marie Walters
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DK-1870 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Bundgaard
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DK-1870 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bas A. C. Hausmans
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (B.A.C.H.)
| | - Guus van den Akker
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (B.A.C.H.)
| | - Tim J. M. Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (B.A.C.H.)
| | - Alzbeta Chabronova
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK (Y.A.K.)
| | - Yalda A. Kharaz
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK (Y.A.K.)
| | - Emily J. Clarke
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK (Y.A.K.)
| | - Victoria James
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Mandy J. Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK (Y.A.K.)
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Ishitoku M, Mokuda S, Araki K, Watanabe H, Kohno H, Sugimoto T, Yoshida Y, Sakaguchi T, Masumoto J, Hirata S, Sugiyama E. Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-1β Upregulate NRP2 Expression and Promote SARS-CoV-2 Proliferation. Viruses 2023; 15:1498. [PMID: 37515185 PMCID: PMC10383177 DOI: 10.3390/v15071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), utilizes the host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the auxiliary receptor Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) to enter host cells. NRP1 has another isoform, NRP2, whose function in COVID-19 has seldom been reported. In addition, although patients with severe cases of COVID-19 often exhibit increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, the relationship between these cytokines and SARS-CoV-2 proliferation remains unknown. The aim of this study is to clarify the roles of proinflammatory cytokines in Neuropilin expressions and in SARS-CoV-2 infection. To identify the expression patterns of NRP under inflamed and noninflamed conditions, next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq), immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blotting were performed using primary cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes, MH7A (immortalized cell line of human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes), immortalized MRC5 (human embryonic lung fibroblast), and synovial tissues. To measure viral proliferative capacity, SARS-CoV-2 infection experiments were also performed. NRP2 was upregulated in inflamed tissues. Cytokine-stimulated human fibroblast cell lines, such as MH7A and immortalized MRC5, revealed that NRP2 expression increased with co-stimulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and was suppressed with anti-TNFα antibody alone. TNFα and IL-1β promoted SARS-CoV-2 proliferation and Spike protein binding. The viral proliferation coincided with the expression of NRP2, which was modulated through plasmid transfections. Our results revealed that proinflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, contribute to NRP2 upregulation and SARS-CoV-2 proliferation in host human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michinori Ishitoku
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Sho Mokuda
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kei Araki
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kohno
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Pathology, Ehime University Proteo-Science Center and Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shintaro Hirata
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugiyama
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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