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Valatabar N, Oroojalian F, Kazemzadeh M, Mokhtarzadeh AA, Safaralizadeh R, Sahebkar A. Recent advances in gene delivery nanoplatforms based on spherical nucleic acids. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:386. [PMID: 38951806 PMCID: PMC11218236 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is a therapeutic option for mitigating diseases that do not respond well to pharmacological therapy. This type of therapy allows for correcting altered and defective genes by transferring nucleic acids to target cells. Notably, achieving a desirable outcome is possible by successfully delivering genetic materials into the cell. In-vivo gene transfer strategies use two major classes of vectors, namely viral and nonviral. Both of these systems have distinct pros and cons, and the choice of a delivery system depends on therapeutic objectives and other considerations. Safe and efficient gene transfer is the main feature of any delivery system. Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) are nanotechnology-based gene delivery systems (i.e., non-viral vectors). They are three-dimensional structures consisting of a hollow or solid spherical core nanoparticle that is functionalized with a dense and highly organized layer of oligonucleotides. The unique structural features of SNAs confer them a high potency in internalization into various types of tissue and cells, a high stability against nucleases, and efficay in penetrating through various biological barriers (such as the skin, blood-brain barrier, and blood-tumor barrier). SNAs also show negligible toxicity and trigger minimal immune response reactions. During the last two decades, all these favorable physicochemical and biological attributes have made them attractive vehicles for drug and nucleic acid delivery. This article discusses the unique structural properties, types of SNAs, and also optimization mechanisms of SNAs. We also focus on recent advances in the synthesis of gene delivery nanoplatforms based on the SNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mina Kazemzadeh
- Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Bozgeyik E, Elek A, Gocer Z, Bozgeyik I. The fate and function of non-coding RNAs during necroptosis. Epigenomics 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38884366 DOI: 10.1080/17501911.2024.2354653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a novel form of cell death which is activated when apoptotic cell death signals are disrupted. Accumulating body of observations suggests that noncoding RNAs, which are the lately discovered mystery of the human genome, are significantly associated with necroptotic signaling circuitry. The fate and function of miRNAs have been well documented in human disease, especially cancer. Recently, lncRNAs have gained much attention due to their diverse regulatory functions. Although available studies are currently based on bioinformatic analysis, predicted interactions desires further attention, as these hold significant promise and should not be overlooked. In the light of these, here we comprehensively review and discuss noncoding RNA molecules that play significant roles during execution of necroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Services & Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Alperen Elek
- Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zekihan Gocer
- Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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3
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Roghani AK, Garcia RI, Roghani A, Reddy A, Khemka S, Reddy RP, Pattoor V, Jacob M, Reddy PH, Sehar U. Treating Alzheimer's disease using nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery strategies/systems. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102291. [PMID: 38614367 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The administration of promising medications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is significantly hampered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanotechnology has recently come to light as a viable strategy for overcoming this obstacle and improving drug delivery to the brain. With a focus on current developments and prospects, this review article examines the use of nanoparticles to overcome the BBB constraints to improve drug therapy for AD The potential for several nanoparticle-based approaches, such as those utilizing lipid-based, polymeric, and inorganic nanoparticles, to enhance drug transport across the BBB are highlighted. To shed insight on their involvement in aiding effective drug transport to the brain, methods of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery, such as surface modifications, functionalization, and particular targeting ligands, are also investigated. The article also discusses the most recent findings on innovative medication formulations encapsulated within nanoparticles and the therapeutic effects they have shown in both preclinical and clinical testing. This sector has difficulties and restrictions, such as the need for increased safety, scalability, and translation to clinical applications. However, the major emphasis of this review aims to provide insight and contribute to the knowledge of how nanotechnology can potentially revolutionize the worldwide treatment of NDDs, particularly AD, to enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Kia Roghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Frenship High School, Lubbock, TX 79382, USA.
| | - Ricardo Isaiah Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Ali Roghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Aananya Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Lubbock High School, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA.
| | - Sachi Khemka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Ruhananhad P Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Lubbock High School, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA.
| | - Vasanthkumar Pattoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Michael Jacob
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Services, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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Lahimchi MR, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M, Baharlou R, Haghmorad D, Abedi SH, Arjmandi D, Hosseini M, Yousefi B. "Decoding inflammation: glycoprotein a repetition predominant, microRNA-142-3-p, and metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1: as novel inflammatory biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease". Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:500. [PMID: 38598005 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal (GI) condition comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The pathogenesis involves immune system dysregulation, with increased Th (T helper cell)17 cells and reduced regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) secretion from Tregs helps control inflammation, and its production is regulated by glycoprotein-A repetition predominant (GARP) protein along with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like microRNA(miR)-142-3p and metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs). This study analyzed their expression in IBD. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 44 IBD patients, and 22 healthy controls (HC). RNA extraction and circular DNA (cDNA) synthesis were performed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) measured gene expression of GARP, MALAT1, and miR-142-3p. Correlations and group differences were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Compared to controls, GARP was downregulated while MALAT1 and miR-142-3p were upregulated significantly in IBD group. GARP and MALAT1 expressions positively correlated in controls. MALAT1 and miR-142-3p expressions positively correlated in IBD group. MALAT1 was downregulated in aged HC but upregulated with smoking history across groups. No correlations occurred between gene expression and gender, diet, infections, or disease activity scores. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulation of GARP, MALAT1, and miR-142-3p likely contributes to inflammation in IBD by reducing TGF-β. MALAT1 is linked to smoking and age-related changes. These genes have potential as diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets for personalized IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rasoul Baharlou
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Dariush Haghmorad
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Abedi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Delaram Arjmandi
- Department of Immunology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Soliman B, Wen MM, Kandil E, El-Agamy B, Gamal-Eldeen AM, ElHefnawi M. Preparation and Optimization of MiR-375 Nano-Vector Using Two Novel Chitosan-Coated Nano-Structured Lipid Carriers as Gene Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:494. [PMID: 38675155 PMCID: PMC11054685 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is still a lack of effective carriers with minimal side effects to deliver therapeutic miRNA. Thus, it is crucial to optimize novel drug delivery systems. MiR-375 has proven superior therapeutic potency in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to fabricate 2 novel and smart nano-carriers for the transportation efficiency of miR-375 in HCC cells and enhance its anti-tumor effects. We established the miR-375 construct through the pEGP- miR expression vector. Two nano-carriers of solid/liquid lipids and chitosan (CS) were strategically selected, prepared by high-speed homogenization, and optimized by varying nano-formulation factors. Thus, the two best nano-formulations were designated as F1 (0.5% CS) and F2 (1.5% CS) and were evaluated for miR-375 conjugation efficiency by gel electrophoresis and nanodrop assessment. Then, physio-chemical characteristics and stability tests for the miR-375 nano-plexes were all studied. Next, its efficiencies as replacement therapy in HepG2 cells have been assessed by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and cytotoxicity assay. The obtained data showed that two cationic nanostructured solid/liquid lipid carriers (NSLCs); F1 and F2 typically had the best physio-chemical parameters and long-term stability. Moreover, both F1 and F2 could form nano-plexes with the anionic miR-375 construct at weight ratios 250/1 and 50/1 via electrostatic interactions. In addition, these nano-plexes exhibited physical stability after three months and protected miR-375 from degradation in the presence of 50% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Furthermore, both nano-plexes could simultaneously deliver miR-375 into HepG2 cells and they ensure miR re-expression even in the presence of 50% FBS compared to free miR-375 (p-value < 0.001). Moreover, both F1 and F2 alone significantly exhibited minimal cytotoxicity in treated cells. In contrast, the nano-plexes significantly inhibited cell growth compared to free miR-375 or doxorubicin (DOX), respectively. More importantly, F2/miR-375 nano-plex exhibited more anti-proliferative activity in treated cells although its IC50 value was 55 times lower than DOX (p-value < 0.001). Collectively, our findings clearly emphasized the multifunctionality of the two CS-coated NSLCs in terms of their enhanced biocompatibility, biostability, conjugation, and transfection efficiency of therapeutic miR-375. Therefore, the NSLCs/miR-375 nano-plexes could serve as a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangly Soliman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (B.S.)
- Biomedical Informatics and Chemo-Informatics Group, Informatics and Systems Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ming Ming Wen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University, Alexandria 21648, Egypt
| | - Eman Kandil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (B.S.)
| | - Basma El-Agamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (B.S.)
| | - Amira M. Gamal-Eldeen
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud ElHefnawi
- Biomedical Informatics and Chemo-Informatics Group, Informatics and Systems Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Genedy HH, Humbert P, Laoulaou B, Le Moal B, Fusellier M, Passirani C, Le Visage C, Guicheux J, Lepeltier É, Clouet J. MicroRNA-targeting nanomedicines for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115214. [PMID: 38395361 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Low back pain stands as a pervasive global health concern, afflicting almost 80% of adults at some point in their lives with nearly 40% attributable to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). As only symptomatic relief can be offered to patients there is a dire need for innovative treatments.Given the accumulating evidence that multiple microRNAs (miRs) are dysregulated during IVDD, they could have a huge potential against this debilitating condition. The way miRs can profoundly modulate signaling pathways and influence several cellular processes at once is particularly exciting to tackle this multifaceted disorder. However, miR delivery encounters extracellular and intracellular biological barriers. A promising technology to address this challenge is the vectorization of miRs within nanoparticles, providing both protection and enhancing their uptake within the scarce target cells of the degenerated IVD. This comprehensive review presents the diverse spectrum of miRs' connection with IVDD and demonstrates their therapeutic potential when vectorized in nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein H Genedy
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Paul Humbert
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
| | - Bilel Laoulaou
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Brian Le Moal
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Marion Fusellier
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes F-44307, France
| | | | - Catherine Le Visage
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
| | - Élise Lepeltier
- Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France.
| | - Johann Clouet
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
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Mahalle RM, Mota-Sanchez D, Pittendrigh BR, Kim YH, Seong KM. miRNA Dynamics for Pest Management: Implications in Insecticide Resistance. INSECTS 2024; 15:238. [PMID: 38667368 PMCID: PMC11049821 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing chemical agents in pest management in modern agricultural practices has been the predominant approach since the advent of synthetic insecticides. However, insecticide resistance is an emerging issue, as pest populations evolve to survive exposure to chemicals that were once effective in controlling them, underlining the need for advanced and innovative approaches to managing pests. In insects, microRNAs (miRNAs) serve as key regulators of a wide range of biological functions, characterized by their dynamic expression patterns and the ability to target genes. Recent studies are increasingly attributed to the significance of miRNAs in contributing to the evolution of insecticide resistance in numerous insect species. Abundant miRNAs have been discovered in insects using RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis and are known to play vital roles in regulation at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Globally, there is growing research interest in the characterization and application of miRNAs, especially for their potential role in managing insecticide resistance. This review focuses on how miRNAs contribute to regulating insecticide resistance across various insect species. Furthermore, we discuss the gain and loss of functions of miRNAs and the techniques for delivering miRNAs into the insect system. The review emphasizes the application of miRNA-based strategies to studying their role in diminishing insecticide resistance, offering a more efficient and lasting approach to insect management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Manohar Mahalle
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - David Mota-Sanchez
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | | | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Ecological Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea;
| | - Keon Mook Seong
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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Hollis R, Aziz M, Jacob A, Wang P. Harnessing Extracellular microRNAs for Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Acute Systemic Inflammation. Cells 2024; 13:545. [PMID: 38534389 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small sequences of genetic materials that are primarily transcribed from the intronic regions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNAs), and they are pivotal in regulating messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. miRNAs were first discovered to regulate mRNAs of the same cell in which they were transcribed. Recent studies have unveiled their ability to traverse cells, either encapsulated in vesicles or freely bound to proteins, influencing distant recipient cells. Activities of extracellular miRNAs have been observed during acute inflammation in clinically relevant pathologies, such as sepsis, shock, trauma, and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries. This review comprehensively explores the activity of miRNAs during acute inflammation as well as the mechanisms of their extracellular transport and activity. Evaluating the potential of extracellular miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in acute inflammation represents a critical aspect of this review. Finally, this review concludes with novel concepts of miRNA activity in the context of alleviating inflammation, delivering potential future directions to advance the field of miRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Hollis
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Asha Jacob
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
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Akkaya-Ulum YZ, Sen B, Akbaba TH, Balci-Peynircioglu B. InflammamiRs in focus: Delivery strategies and therapeutic approaches. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23528. [PMID: 38441434 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302028r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-protein-coding RNAs which are essential regulators of host genome expression at the post-transcriptional level. There is evidence of dysregulated miRNA expression patterns in a wide variety of diseases, such as autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. These miRNAs have been termed "inflammamiRs." When working with miRNAs, the method followed, the approach to treat or diagnosis, and the selected biological material are very crucial. Demonstration of the role of miRNAs in particular disease phenotypes facilitates their evaluation as potential and effective therapeutic tools. A growing number of reports suggest the significant utility of miRNAs and other small RNA drugs in clinical medicine. Most miRNAs seem promising therapeutic options, but some features associated with miRNA therapy like off-target effect, effective dosage, or differential delivery methods, mainly caused by the short target's sequence, make miRNA therapies challenging. In this review, we aim to discuss some of the inflammamiRs in diseases associated with inflammatory pathways and the challenge of identifying the most potent therapeutic candidates and provide a perspective on achieving safe and targeted delivery of miRNA therapeutics. We also discuss the status of inflammamiRs in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Z Akkaya-Ulum
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Basak Sen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Hilmi Akbaba
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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10
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Singh RR, Mondal I, Janjua T, Popat A, Kulshreshtha R. Engineered smart materials for RNA based molecular therapy to treat Glioblastoma. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:396-423. [PMID: 38059120 PMCID: PMC10696434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) that remains incurable despite the multitude of improvements in cancer therapeutics. The conventional chemo and radiotherapy post-surgery have only been able to improve the prognosis slightly; however, the development of resistance and/or tumor recurrence is almost inevitable. There is a pressing need for adjuvant molecular therapies that can successfully and efficiently block tumor progression. During the last few decades, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key players in regulating various hallmarks of cancer including that of GBM. The levels of many ncRNAs are dysregulated in cancer, and ectopic modulation of their levels by delivering antagonists or overexpression constructs could serve as an attractive option for cancer therapy. The therapeutic potential of several types of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, has been validated in both in vitro and in vivo models of GBM. However, the delivery of these RNA-based therapeutics is highly challenging, especially to the tumors of the brain as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses as a major obstacle, among others. Also, since RNA is extremely fragile in nature, careful considerations must be met while designing a delivery agent. In this review we have shed light on how ncRNA therapy can overcome the limitations of its predecessor conventional therapy with an emphasis on smart nanomaterials that can aide in the safe and targeted delivery of nucleic acids to treat GBM. Additionally, critical gaps that currently exist for successful transition from viral to non-viral vector delivery systems have been identified. Finally, we have provided a perspective on the future directions, potential pathways, and target areas for achieving rapid clinical translation of, RNA-based macromolecular therapy to advance the effective treatment of GBM and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Raj Singh
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- University of Queensland –IIT Delhi Academy of Research (UQIDAR)
| | - Indranil Mondal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Taskeen Janjua
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Functional Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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11
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Kaurani L. Clinical Insights into MicroRNAs in Depression: Bridging Molecular Discoveries and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2866. [PMID: 38474112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. The discovery of biomarkers for diagnosis or prediction of treatment responses and as therapeutic agents is a current priority. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of short RNA molecules in the etiology of depression. The most extensively researched of these are microRNAs, a major component of cellular gene regulation and function. MicroRNAs function in a temporal and tissue-specific manner to regulate and modify the post-transcriptional expression of target mRNAs. They can also be shuttled as cargo of extracellular vesicles between the brain and the blood, thus informing about relevant mechanisms in the CNS through the periphery. In fact, studies have already shown that microRNAs identified peripherally are dysregulated in the pathological phenotypes seen in depression. Our article aims to review the existing evidence on microRNA dysregulation in depression and to summarize and evaluate the growing body of evidence for the use of microRNAs as a target for diagnostics and RNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kaurani
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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12
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Seyhan AA. Trials and Tribulations of MicroRNA Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1469. [PMID: 38338746 PMCID: PMC10855871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and a myriad of human diseases, particularly various cancer types, has generated significant interest in exploring their potential as a novel class of drugs. This has led to substantial investments in interdisciplinary research fields such as biology, chemistry, and medical science for the development of miRNA-based therapies. Furthermore, the recent global success of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines against the COVID-19 pandemic has further revitalized interest in RNA-based immunotherapies, including miRNA-based approaches to cancer treatment. Consequently, RNA therapeutics have emerged as highly adaptable and modular options for cancer therapy. Moreover, advancements in RNA chemistry and delivery methods have been pivotal in shaping the landscape of RNA-based immunotherapy, including miRNA-based approaches. Consequently, the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry has witnessed a resurgence of interest in incorporating RNA-based immunotherapies and miRNA therapeutics into their development programs. Despite substantial progress in preclinical research, the field of miRNA-based therapeutics remains in its early stages, with only a few progressing to clinical development, none reaching phase III clinical trials or being approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and several facing termination due to toxicity issues. These setbacks highlight existing challenges that must be addressed for the broad clinical application of miRNA-based therapeutics. Key challenges include establishing miRNA sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity towards their intended targets, mitigating immunogenic reactions and off-target effects, developing enhanced methods for targeted delivery, and determining optimal dosing for therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. Additionally, the limited understanding of the precise functions of miRNAs limits their clinical utilization. Moreover, for miRNAs to be viable for cancer treatment, they must be technically and economically feasible for the widespread adoption of RNA therapies. As a result, a thorough risk evaluation of miRNA therapeutics is crucial to minimize off-target effects, prevent overdosing, and address various other issues. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of miRNAs for various diseases is evident, and future investigations are essential to determine their applicability in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila A. Seyhan
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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13
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Abdelmaksoud NM, Sallam AAM, Abulsoud AI, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, Al-Noshokaty TM, Elrebehy MA, Elshaer SS, Mahmoud NA, Fathi D, Rizk NI, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Zaki MB, Saber S, Doghish AS. Unraveling the role of miRNAs in the diagnosis, progression, and therapeutic intervention of Alzheimer's disease. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155007. [PMID: 38061270 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted, advancing neurodegenerative illness that is responsible for most cases of neurological impairment and dementia in the aged population. As the disease progresses, affected individuals may experience cognitive decline, linguistic problems, affective instability, and behavioral changes. The intricate nature of AD reflects the altered molecular mechanisms participating in the affected human brain. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are essential for the intricate control of gene expression in neurobiology. miRNAs exert their influence by modulating the transcriptome of brain cells, which typically exhibit substantial genetic activity, encompassing gene transcription and mRNA production. Presently, comprehensive studies are being conducted on AD to identify miRNA-based signatures that are indicative of the disease pathophysiology. These findings can contribute to the advancement of our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this disorder and can inform the development of therapeutic interventions based on miRNA and related RNA molecules. Therefore, this comprehensive review provides a detailed holistic analysis of the latest advances discussing the emerging role of miRNAs in the progression of AD and their possible application as potential biomarkers and targets for therapeutic interventions in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Naira Ali Mahmoud
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni, Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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14
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Mondal S, Ghosh S. Liposome-Mediated Anti-Viral Drug Delivery Across Blood-Brain Barrier: Can Lipid Droplet Target Be Game Changers? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 44:9. [PMID: 38123863 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles secreted from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that play a major role in lipid homeostasis. Recent research elucidates additional roles of LDs in cellular bioenergetics and innate immunity. LDs activate signaling cascades for interferon response and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Since balanced lipid homeostasis is critical for neuronal health, LDs play a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases. RNA viruses enhance the secretion of LDs to support various phases of their life cycle in neurons which further leads to neurodegeneration. Targeting the excess LD formation in the brain could give us a new arsenal of antiviral therapeutics against neuroviruses. Liposomes are a suitable drug delivery system that could be used for drug delivery in the brain by crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier. Utilizing this, various pharmacological inhibitors and non-coding RNAs can be delivered that could inhibit the biogenesis of LDs or reduce their sizes, reversing the excess lipid-related imbalance in neurons. Liposome-Mediated Antiviral Drug Delivery Across Blood-Brain Barrier. Developing effective antiviral drug is challenging and it doubles against neuroviruses that needs delivery across the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). Lipid Droplets (LDs) are interesting targets for developing antivirals, hence targeting LD formation by drugs delivered using Liposomes can be game changers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mondal
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Sourish Ghosh
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India.
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15
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Jouve M, Carpentier R, Kraiem S, Legrand N, Sobolewski C. MiRNAs in Alcohol-Related Liver Diseases and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Step toward New Therapeutic Approaches? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5557. [PMID: 38067261 PMCID: PMC10705678 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related Liver Disease (ALD) is the primary cause of chronic liver disorders and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in developed countries and thus represents a major public health concern. Unfortunately, few therapeutic options are available for ALD and HCC, except liver transplantation or tumor resection for HCC. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these diseases is therefore of major importance to identify early biomarkers and to design efficient therapeutic options. Increasing evidence indicate that epigenetic alterations play a central role in the development of ALD and HCC. Among them, microRNA importantly contribute to the development of this disease by controlling the expression of several genes involved in hepatic metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis at the post-transcriptional level. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about miRNAs' functions in the different stages of ALD and their role in the progression toward carcinogenesis. We highlight that each stage of ALD is associated with deregulated miRNAs involved in hepatic carcinogenesis, and thus represent HCC-priming miRNAs. By using in silico approaches, we have uncovered new miRNAs potentially involved in HCC. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting miRNAs for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Jouve
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rodolphe Carpentier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sarra Kraiem
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Noémie Legrand
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
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16
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Shojaei S, Moradi-Chaleshtori M, Paryan M, Koochaki A, Sharifi K, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes enriched with miR-218 reduce the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:516. [PMID: 37968694 PMCID: PMC10647065 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis are morphogenetic processes implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. It is found that the aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to these processes. Exosomes are considered potential natural vehicles for miRNA delivery in cancer therapy. miR-218 is one of the tumor suppressor miRNAs and its downregulation is associated with EMT and angiogenesis. We aimed to use adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (ADMSC-exosomes) for miR-218 delivery to breast cancer cells and evaluate miR-218 tumor-suppressing properties in vitro. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from conditioned media of ADMSCs. miR-218 was loaded to exosomes using electroporation. mRNA expression of target genes (Runx2 and Rictor) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was evaluated by qPCR. To explore the effects of miR-218 containing exosomes on breast cancer cells, viability, apoptosis, and Boyden chamber assays were performed. The angiogenic capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells after treatment with miR-218 containing exosomes was assessed by in vitro tube formation assay. RESULTS miR-218 mimic was efficiently loaded to ADMSC-exosomes and delivered to MDA-MB-231 cells. Exposure to miR-218 containing exosomes significantly decreased miR-218 target genes (Runx2 and Rictor) in MDA-MB-231 cells. They increased the expression of epithelial marker (CDH1) and reduced mesenchymal marker (CDH2). miR-218 restoration using miR-218 containing exosomes reduced viability, motility, invasion, and angiogenic capacity of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ADMSC-exosomes can efficiently restore miR-218 levels in breast cancer cells and miR-218 can prevent breast cancer progression with simultaneous targeting of angiogenesis and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Shojaei
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Moradi-Chaleshtori
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Paryan
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Sharifi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Pagoni M, Cava C, Sideris DC, Avgeris M, Zoumpourlis V, Michalopoulos I, Drakoulis N. miRNA-Based Technologies in Cancer Therapy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1586. [PMID: 38003902 PMCID: PMC10672431 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of therapeutic miRNAs is one of the most exciting challenges for pharmaceutical companies. Since the first miRNA was discovered in 1993, our knowledge of miRNA biology has grown considerably. Many studies have demonstrated that miRNA expression is dysregulated in many diseases, making them appealing tools for novel therapeutic approaches. This review aims to discuss miRNA biogenesis and function, as well as highlight strategies for delivering miRNA agents, presenting viral, non-viral, and exosomic delivery as therapeutic approaches for different cancer types. We also consider the therapeutic role of microRNA-mediated drug repurposing in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pagoni
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Claudia Cava
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Diamantis C. Sideris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece;
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Michalopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
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18
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Fadaka AO, Akinsoji T, Klein A, Madiehe AM, Meyer M, Keyster M, Sikhwivhilu LM, Sibuyi NRS. Stage-specific treatment of colorectal cancer: A microRNA-nanocomposite approach. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1235-1251. [PMID: 38174117 PMCID: PMC10759263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the leading causes of cancer mortality. The lifetime risk of developing CRC is about 5% in adult males and females. CRC is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, and at this point therapy has a limited impact on cure rates and long-term survival. Novel and/or improved CRC therapeutic options are needed. The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer development has been reported, and their regulation in many oncogenic pathways suggests their potent tumor suppressor action. Although miRNAs provide a promising therapeutic approach for cancer, challenges such as biodegradation, specificity, stability and toxicity, impede their progression into clinical trials. Nanotechnology strategies offer diverse advantages for the use of miRNAs for CRC-targeted delivery and therapy. The merits of using nanocarriers for targeted delivery of miRNA-formulations are presented herein to highlight the role they can play in miRNA-based CRC therapy by targeting different stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- Department of Anesthesia, Division of Pain Management, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Taiwo Akinsoji
- School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Lucky Mashudu Sikhwivhilu
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Johannesburg, 2125, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Nicole Remaliah Samantha Sibuyi
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Johannesburg, 2125, South Africa
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19
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Cagnetta R, Flanagan JG, Sonenberg N. Control of Selective mRNA Translation in Neuronal Subcellular Compartments in Health and Disease. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7247-7263. [PMID: 37914402 PMCID: PMC10621772 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2240-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In multiple cell types, mRNAs are transported to subcellular compartments, where local translation enables rapid, spatially localized, and specific responses to external stimuli. Mounting evidence has uncovered important roles played by local translation in vivo in axon survival, axon regeneration, and neural wiring, as well as strong links between dysregulation of local translation and neurologic disorders. Omic studies have revealed that >1000 mRNAs are present and can be selectively locally translated in the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments from development to adulthood in vivo A large proportion of the locally translated mRNAs is specifically upregulated or downregulated in response to distinct extracellular signals. Given that the local translatome is large, selectively translated, and cue-specifically remodeled, a fundamental question concerns how selective translation is achieved locally. Here, we review the emerging regulatory mechanisms of local selective translation in neuronal subcellular compartments, their mRNA targets, and their orchestration. We discuss mechanisms of local selective translation that remain unexplored. Finally, we describe clinical implications and potential therapeutic strategies in light of the latest advances in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cagnetta
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - John G Flanagan
- Department of Cell Biology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
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20
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Bolandi Z, Hashemi SM, Abasi M, Musavi M, Aghamiri S, Miyanmahaleh N, Ghanbarian H. In vitro naive CD4 + T cell differentiation upon treatment with miR-29b-loaded exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9037-9046. [PMID: 37725284 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene regulation by microRNA (miRNA) is central in T lymphocytes differentiation processes. Here, we investigate miRNA-29b (miR-29b) roles in the reprogramming of T cell differentiation, which can be a promising therapeutic avenue for various types of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived exosomes (AMSC-Exo) enriched with miR-29b were delivered into naive CD4+ T (nCD4+) cells. The expression level of important transcription factors including RAR-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγt), GATA3 binding protein (GATA3), T-box transcription factor 21, and Forkhead box P3 was determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR. Moreover, flow cytometry and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay were respectively used to measure the frequency of T regulatory cells and the levels of cytokines production (Interleukin 17, Interleukin 4, Interferon-gamma, and transforming growth factor beta. This study indicates that the transfection of miR-29b mimics into T lymphocytes through AMSC-Exo can alter the CD4+ T cells' differentiation into other types of T cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, AMSC-Exo-based delivery of miR-29b can be considered as a new fascinating avenue for T cell differentiation inhibition and the future treatment of several inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Bolandi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mozhgan Abasi
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Musavi
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Shahin Aghamiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Miyanmahaleh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanbarian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Alshahrani SH, Al-Hadeithi ZSM, Almalki SG, Malviya J, Hjazi A, Mustafa YF, Alawady AHR, Alsaalamy AH, Joshi SK, Alkhafaji AT. LncRNA-miRNA interaction is involved in colorectal cancer pathogenesis by modulating diverse signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154898. [PMID: 37924797 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
LncRNAs function as molecular sponges for miRNAs to control their availability for targeting mRNA molecules. This procedure indirectly regulates the expression of cancer-related genes. Some lncRNAs also directly interact with miRNAs, leading to their degradation or sequestration, which can negatively impact gene expression. miRNAs, on the other hand, play a critical role in controlling the expression of genes, including oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Multiple types of cancer have been linked to the onset and progression of miRNA dysregulation. Even though there is a lot of potential for treating CRC by targeting the LncRNA-miRNA axis, several challenges remain to be overcome. The specificity of the targeting approach, delivery methods, resistance, safety, and cost-effectiveness are critical research areas that must be addressed to advance this field and improve treatment outcomes for people with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jitendra Malviya
- Department of Life Sciences and Biological Sciences, IES University Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hussien Radie Alawady
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Hashiem Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - S K Joshi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
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22
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Le MT, Nguyen HT, Nguyen XH, Do XH, Mai BT, Ngoc Nguyen HT, Trang Than UT, Nguyen TH. Regulation and therapeutic potentials of microRNAs to non-small cell lung cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22080. [PMID: 38058618 PMCID: PMC10696070 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 80%-85% of total cases and leading to millions of deaths worldwide. Drug resistance is the primary cause of treatment failure in NSCLC, which urges scientists to develop advanced approaches for NSCLC treatment. Among novel approaches, the miRNA-based method has emerged as a potential approach as it allows researchers to modulate target gene expression. Subsequently, cell behaviors are altered, which leads to the death and the depletion of cancer cells. It has been reported that miRNAs possess the capacity to regulate multiple genes that are involved in various signaling pathways, including the phosphoinositide 3-kinase, receptor tyrosine kinase/rat sarcoma virus/mitogen-activated protein kinase, wingless/integrated, retinoblastoma, p53, transforming growth factor β, and nuclear factor-kappa B pathways. Dysregulation of these signaling pathways in NSCLC results in abnormal cell proliferation, tissue invasion, and drug resistance while inhibiting apoptosis. Thus, understanding the roles of miRNAs in regulating these signaling pathways may enable the development of novel NSCLC treatment therapies. However, a comprehensive review of potential miRNAs in NSCLC treatment has been lacking. Therefore, this review aims to fill the gap by summarizing the up-to-date information on miRNAs regarding their targets, impact on cancer-associated pathways, and prospective outcomes in treating NSCLC. We also discuss current technologies for delivering miRNAs to the target cells, including virus-based, non-viral, and emerging extracellular vesicle-based delivery systems. This knowledge will support future studies to develop an innovative miRNA-based therapy and select a suitable carrier to treat NSCLC effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Le
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Huyen-Thu Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan-Hung Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Vinmec-VinUni Institute of Immunology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan-Hai Do
- Department of Gastroenterology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Binh Thanh Mai
- Department of Practical and Experimental Surgery, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung Street, Phuc La, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Thi Ngoc Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Uyen Thi Trang Than
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Vinmec-VinUni Institute of Immunology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh-Hong Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
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23
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Bhatnagar D, Ladhe S, Kumar D. Discerning the Prospects of miRNAs as a Multi-Target Therapeutic and Diagnostic for Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5954-5974. [PMID: 37386272 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Although over the last few decades, numerous attempts have been made to halt Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and mitigate its symptoms, only a few have been proven beneficial. Most medications available, still only cater to the symptoms of the disease rather than fixing the cause at the root level. A novel approach involving the use of miRNAs, which work on the principle of gene silencing, is being explored by scientists. Naturally present miRNAs in the biological system help to regulate various genes than may be implicated in AD-like BACE-1 and APP. One miRNA thus, holds the power to keep a check on several genes, conferring it the ability to be used as a multi-target therapeutic. With aging and the onset of diseased pathology, dysregulation of these miRNAs is observed. This flawed miRNA expression is responsible for the unusual buildup of amyloid proteins, fibrillation of tau proteins in the brain, neuronal death and other hallmarks leading to AD. The use of miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors provides an attractive perspective for fixing the upregulation and downregulation of miRNAs that led to abnormal cellular activities. Furthermore, the detection of miRNAs in the CSF and serum of diseased patients might be considered an earlier biomarker for the disease. While most of the therapies designed around AD have not succeeded completely, the targeting of dysregulated miRNAs in AD patients might give a new direction to scholars to develop an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devyani Bhatnagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Erandwane, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreya Ladhe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Erandwane, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Erandwane, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India.
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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24
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Han H, Xing L, Chen BT, Liu Y, Zhou TJ, Wang Y, Zhang LF, Li L, Cho CS, Jiang HL. Progress on the pathological tissue microenvironment barrier-modulated nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115051. [PMID: 37549848 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Imbalance in the tissue microenvironment is the main obstacle to drug delivery and distribution in the human body. Before penetrating the pathological tissue microenvironment to the target site, therapeutic agents are usually accompanied by three consumption steps: the first step is tissue physical barriers for prevention of their penetration, the second step is inactivation of them by biological molecules, and the third step is a cytoprotective mechanism for preventing them from functioning on specific subcellular organelles. However, recent studies in drug-hindering mainly focus on normal physiological rather than pathological microenvironment, and the repair of damaged physiological barriers is also rarely discussed. Actually, both the modulation of pathological barriers and the repair of damaged physiological barriers are essential in the disease treatment and the homeostasis maintenance. In this review, we present an overview describing the latest advances in the generality of these pathological barriers and barrier-modulated nanomedicine. Overall, this review holds considerable significance for guiding the design of nanomedicine to increase drug efficacy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Bi-Te Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ling-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
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25
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Datta N, Johnson C, Kao D, Gurnani P, Alexander C, Polytarchou C, Monaghan TM. MicroRNA-based therapeutics for inflammatory disorders of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106870. [PMID: 37499702 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
An emerging but less explored shared pathophysiology across microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders is aberrant miRNA expression, which may represent novel therapeutic targets. miRNAs are small, endogenous non-coding RNAs that are important transcriptional repressors of gene expression. Most importantly, they regulate the integrity of the intestinal epithelial and blood-brain barriers and serve as an important communication channel between the gut microbiome and the host. A well-defined understanding of the mode of action, therapeutic strategies and delivery mechanisms of miRNAs is pivotal in translating the clinical applications of miRNA-based therapeutics. Accumulating evidence links disorders of the microbiota-gut-brain axis with a compromised gut-blood-brain-barrier, causing gut contents such as immune cells and microbiota to enter the bloodstream leading to low-grade systemic inflammation. This has the potential to affect all organs, including the brain, causing central inflammation and the development of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. In this review, we have examined in detail miRNA biogenesis, strategies for therapeutic application, delivery mechanisms, as well as their pathophysiology and clinical applications in inflammatory gut-brain disorders. The research data in this review was drawn from the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov. With increasing evidence of the pathophysiological importance for miRNAs in microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders, therapeutic targeting of cross-regulated miRNAs in these disorders displays potentially transformative and translational potential. Further preclinical research and human clinical trials are required to further advance this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Datta
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Charlotte Johnson
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dina Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christos Polytarchou
- Department of Biosciences, John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Tanya M Monaghan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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26
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Shademan B, Karamad V, Nourazarian A, Masjedi S, Isazadeh A, Sogutlu F, Avcı CB. MicroRNAs as Targets for Cancer Diagnosis: Interests and Limitations. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:435-445. [PMID: 37646065 PMCID: PMC10460809 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small RNAs with ability to attach to the large number of RNA that regulate gene expression on post-transcriptional level via inhibition or degradation of specific mRNAs. MiRNAs in cells are the primary regulators of functions such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis and considerably influence cell function. The expression levels of microRNAs change in human diseases, including cancer. These changes highlight their essential role in cancer pathogenesis. Ubiquitous irregular expression profiles of miRNAs have been detected in various human cancers using genome-wide identification techniques, which are emerging as novel diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarkers of high specificity and sensitivity. The measurable miRNAs with enhanced stability in blood, tissues, and other body fluids provide a comprehensive source of miRNA-dependent biomarkers for human cancers. The leading role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers in human cancers is discussed in this article. In addition, the interests and difficulties of miRNAs as biomarkers have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Shademan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Vahidreza Karamad
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Sepideh Masjedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatma Sogutlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cigir Biray Avcı
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
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27
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La Ferlita A, Sp N, Goryunova M, Nigita G, Pollock RE, Croce CM, Beane JD. Small Non-Coding RNAs in Soft-Tissue Sarcomas: State of the Art and Future Directions. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:511-524. [PMID: 37052491 PMCID: PMC10238653 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare and heterogeneous group of tumors that arise from connective tissue and can occur anywhere in the body. Among the plethora of over 50 different STS types, liposarcoma (LPS) is one of the most common. The subtypes of STS are characterized by distinct differences in tumor biology that drive responses to pharmacologic therapy and disparate oncologic outcomes. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) are a heterogeneous class of regulatory RNAs involved in the regulation of gene expression by targeting mRNAs. Among the several types of sncRNAs, miRNAs and tRNA-derived ncRNAs are the most studied in the context of tumor biology, and we are learning more about the role of these molecules as important regulators of STS tumorigenesis and differentiation. However, challenges remain in translating these findings and no biomarkers or therapeutic approaches targeting sncRNAs have been developed for clinical use. In this review, we summarize the current landscape of sncRNAs in the context of STS with an emphasis on LPS, including the role of sncRNAs in the tumorigenesis and differentiation of these rare malignancies and their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we provide an appraisal of published studies and outline future directions to study sncRNAs in STS, including tRNA-derived ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro La Ferlita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nipin Sp
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Marina Goryunova
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Raphael E. Pollock
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joal D. Beane
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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28
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Saenz-Pipaon G, Dichek DA. Targeting and delivery of microRNA-targeting antisense oligonucleotides in cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis 2023; 374:44-54. [PMID: 36577600 PMCID: PMC10277317 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Discovered three decades ago, microRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as key players in the pathophysiology of multiple human diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. As such, miRNAs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for preventing the onset and/or progression of several cardiovascular diseases. Anti-miRNA antisense oligonucleotides or "antagomirs" precisely block the activity of specific miRNAs and are therefore a promising therapeutic strategy to repress pathological miRNAs. In this review, we describe advancements in antisense oligonucleotide chemistry that have significantly improved efficacy and safety. Moreover, we summarize recent approaches for the targeted delivery of antagomirs to cardiovascular tissues, highlighting major advantages as well as limitations of viral (i.e., adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and lentivirus) and non-viral (i.e., liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and polymer nanoparticles) delivery systems. We discuss recent preclinical studies that use targeted antagomir delivery systems to treat three major cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac hypertrophy, including hypertrophy caused by hypertension), highlighting therapeutic results and discussing challenges that limit clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - David A Dichek
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
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29
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Borjas T, Jacob A, Kobritz M, Vihas Patel, Coppa GF, Aziz M, Wang P. A novel miRNA mimic attenuates organ injury after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023; 94:702-709. [PMID: 36726195 PMCID: PMC10133008 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a novel mediator of inflammation and tissue injury. It has been shown that miRNA 130b-3p acts as an endogenous inhibitor of eCIRP. Because RNA mimics are unstable after in vivo administration, we have chemically engineered miRNA 130b-3p mimic (named PS-OMe miR130) to improve its stability by protection from nuclease activity. We hypothesize that PS-OMe miR130 reduces eCIRP-mediated injury and inflammation in a murine model of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), a model of sterile inflammation. METHODS Adult male mice underwent 70% hepatic ischemia for 60 minutes and 24-hour reperfusion. At the start of reperfusion, mice were treated intravenously with vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline) or PS-OMe miR130. Blood and liver tissue were collected after 24 hours for biochemical analysis. Apoptosis in the liver tissue was determined by transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. RESULTS After hepatic I/R, organ injury markers including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase significantly decreased after PS-OMe miR130 treatment. Furthermore, histological analysis of liver sections demonstrated significantly less injury in PS-OMe miR130 treatment mice versus vehicle mice. In addition, tumor necrosis factor α mRNA, interleukin-1β mRNA, and neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase activity and granulocyte receptor 1 immunohistochemistry) were significantly attenuated after PS-OMe miR130 treatment. Finally, apoptosis significantly decreased in liver tissue after treatment. CONCLUSION PS-OMe miR130 decreases eCIRP-mediated injury and inflammation in a murine model of hepatic I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Borjas
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Asha Jacob
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Molly Kobritz
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Vihas Patel
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
| | - Gene F. Coppa
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
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30
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Anwar S, Mir F, Yokota T. Enhancing the Effectiveness of Oligonucleotide Therapeutics Using Cell-Penetrating Peptide Conjugation, Chemical Modification, and Carrier-Based Delivery Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041130. [PMID: 37111616 PMCID: PMC10140998 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide-based therapies are a promising approach for treating a wide range of hard-to-treat diseases, particularly genetic and rare diseases. These therapies involve the use of short synthetic sequences of DNA or RNA that can modulate gene expression or inhibit proteins through various mechanisms. Despite the potential of these therapies, a significant barrier to their widespread use is the difficulty in ensuring their uptake by target cells/tissues. Strategies to overcome this challenge include cell-penetrating peptide conjugation, chemical modification, nanoparticle formulation, and the use of endogenous vesicles, spherical nucleic acids, and smart material-based delivery vehicles. This article provides an overview of these strategies and their potential for the efficient delivery of oligonucleotide drugs, as well as the safety and toxicity considerations, regulatory requirements, and challenges in translating these therapies from the laboratory to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Anwar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Farin Mir
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
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31
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Reza Lahimchi M, Eslami M, Yousefi B. Interleukin-35 and Interleukin-37 anti-inflammatory effect on inflammatory bowel disease: Application of non-coding RNAs in IBD therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109932. [PMID: 37012889 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a widespread autoimmune disease that may even be life-threatening. IBD is divided into two major subtypes: ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Interleukin (IL)-35 and IL-37 are anti-inflammatory cytokines that belong to IL-12 and IL-1 families, respectively. Their recruitment relieves inflammation in various autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and IBD. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and regulatory B cells (Bregs) are the primary producers of IL-35/IL-37. IL-35 and IL-37 orchestrate the regulation of the immune system through two main strategies: Blocking nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-kB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways or promoting the proliferation of Tregs and Bregs. Moreover, IL-35 and IL-37 can also inhibit inflammation by adjusting the T helper (Th)17/Treg ratio balance. Among the anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-35 and IL-37 have significant potential to reduce intestinal inflammation. Therefore, administering IL-35/IL-37-based drugs or blocking their inhibitor microRNAs could be a promising approach to alleviate IBD symptoms. Overall, in this review article, we summarized the therapeutic application of IL-35 and IL-37 in both human and experimental models of IBD. Also, it is hoped that this practical information will reach beyond IBD therapy and shed some light on treating all intestinal inflammations.
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32
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Bregalda A, Carducci C, Viscomi MT, Pierigè F, Biagiotti S, Menotta M, Biancucci F, Pascucci T, Leuzzi V, Magnani M, Rossi L. Myelin basic protein recovery during PKU mice lifespan and the potential role of microRNAs on its regulation. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 180:106093. [PMID: 36948260 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Untreated phenylketonuria (PKU) patients and PKU animal models show hypomyelination in the central nervous system and white matter damages, which are accompanied by myelin basic protein (MBP) impairment. Despite many assumptions, the primary explanation of the mentioned cerebral outcomes remains elusive. In this study, MBP protein and mRNA expression on brains of wild type (WT) and phenylketonuric (ENU2) mice were analyzed throughout mice lifespan (14-60-180-270-360-540 post-natal days, PND). The results confirmed the low MBP expression at first PND times, while revealed an unprecedented progressive MBP protein expression recovery in aged ENU2 mice. Unexpectedly, unaltered MBP mRNA expression between WT and ENU2 was always observed. Additionally, for the same time intervals, a significant decrease of the phenylalanine concentration in the peripheral blood and brain of ENU2 mice was detected, to date, for the first time. In this scenario, a translational hindrance of MBP during initial and late cerebral development in ENU2 mice was hypothesized, leading to the execution of a microRNA microarray analysis on 60 PND brains, which was followed by a proteomic assay on 60 and 360 PND brains in order to validate in silico miRNA-target predictions. Taken together, miR-218 - 1-3p, miR - 1231-3p and miR-217-5p were considered as the most impactful microRNAs, since a downregulation of their potential targets (MAG, CNTNAP2 and ANLN, respectively) can indirectly lead to a low MBP protein expression. These miRNAs, in addition, follow an opposite expression trend compared to MBP during adulthood, and their target proteins revealed a complete normalization in aged ENU2 mice. In conclusion, these results provide a new perspective on the PKU pathophysiology understanding and on a possible treatment, emphasizing the potential modulating role of differentially expressed microRNAs in MBP expression on PKU brains during PKU mouse lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bregalda
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Claudia Carducci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Viscomi
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Sect. Histology and Embryology, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pierigè
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Sara Biagiotti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Michele Menotta
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Federica Biancucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pascucci
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, via Ardeatina 306, 00142 Rome, Italy; Department of Psychology and Centro "Daniel Bovet", Sapienza University, via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, via dei Sabelli 108, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy; EryDel SpA, via Antonio Meucci 3, 20091 Bresso, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigia Rossi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy; EryDel SpA, via Antonio Meucci 3, 20091 Bresso, Milan, Italy
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Papadimitriou MA, Panoutsopoulou K, Pilala KM, Scorilas A, Avgeris M. Epi-miRNAs: Modern mediators of methylation status in human cancers. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1735. [PMID: 35580998 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Methylation of the fundamental macromolecules, DNA/RNA, and proteins, is remarkably abundant, evolutionarily conserved, and functionally significant in cellular homeostasis and normal tissue/organism development. Disrupted methylation imprinting is strongly linked to loss of the physiological equilibrium and numerous human pathologies, and most importantly to carcinogenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and cancer progression. Mounting recent evidence has documented the active implication of miRNAs in the orchestration of the multicomponent cellular methylation machineries and the deregulation of methylation profile in the epigenetic, epitranscriptomic, and epiproteomic levels during cancer onset and progression. The elucidation of such regulatory networks between the miRNome and the cellular methylation machineries has led to the emergence of a novel subclass of miRNAs, namely "epi-miRNAs" or "epi-miRs." Herein, we have summarized the existing knowledge on the functional role of epi-miRs in the methylation dynamic landscape of human cancers and their clinical utility in modern cancer diagnostics and tailored therapeutics. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Alexandra Papadimitriou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Panoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina-Marina Pilala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry - Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Borjas T, Jacob A, Kobritz M, Ma G, Tan C, Patel V, Coppa GF, Aziz M, Wang P. An engineered miRNA PS-OMe miR130 inhibits acute lung injury by targeting eCIRP in sepsis. Mol Med 2023; 29:21. [PMID: 36782115 PMCID: PMC9923923 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is caused by the dysregulated immune response due to an initial infection and results in significant morbidity and mortality in humans. Extracellular cold inducible RNA binding protein (eCIRP) is a novel mediator identified in sepsis. We have previously discovered that microRNA 130b-3p inhibits eCIRP mediated inflammation. As RNA mimics are very unstable in vivo, we hypothesize that an engineered miRNA 130b-3p mimic named PS-OMe miR130, improves stability of the miRNA by protection from nuclease activity. We further hypothesize that PS-OMe miR130 reduces not only eCIRP-mediated inflammation and but also acute lung injury in a murine model of polymicrobial sepsis. METHODS Single stranded PS-OMe miR130 was synthesized and the binding affinity to eCIRP was evaluated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and computational modeling. Macrophages were treated with PS-OMe miR130 with and without eCIRP and cell supernatant analyzed for cytokines. In vitro stability and the in vivo half-life of PS-OMe miR130 were also assessed. The effect of PS-Ome miR130 on eCIRP's binding to TLR4 was evaluated by SPR analysis and modeling. Finally, the effect of PS-OMe miR130 on inflammation and injury was assessed in a murine model of sepsis. RESULTS We demonstrate via SPR and computational modeling that PS-OMe miR130 has a strong binding affinity to eCIRP. This engineered miRNA decreases eCIRP induced TNF-α and IL-6 proteins, and it is highly stable in vitro and has a long in vivo half-life. We further demonstrate that PS-OMe miR130 blocks eCIRP binding to its receptor TLR4. Finally, we show that PS-OMe miR130 inhibits inflammation and lung injury, and improves survival in murine sepsis. CONCLUSION PS-OMe miR130 can be developed as a novel therapeutic by inhibiting eCIRP-mediated inflammation and acute lung injury in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Borjas
- grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Asha Jacob
- grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA ,grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Molly Kobritz
- grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Gaifeng Ma
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Chuyi Tan
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Vihas Patel
- grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Gene F. Coppa
- grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA ,grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA. .,Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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35
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miRNA Molecules-Late Breaking Treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032233. [PMID: 36768556 PMCID: PMC9916785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs that play a critical role in regulating epigenetic mechanisms in inflammation-related diseases. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which primarily include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are characterized by chronic recurrent inflammation of intestinal tissues. Due to the multifactorial etiology of these diseases, the development of innovative treatment strategies that can effectively maintain remission and alleviate disease symptoms is a major challenge. In recent years, evidence for the regulatory role of miRNAs in the pathogenetic mechanisms of various diseases, including IBD, has been accumulating. In light of these findings, miRNAs represent potential innovative candidates for therapeutic application in IBD. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the role of miRNAs in regulating inflammatory responses, maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, and developing fibrosis in clinical and experimental IBD. The focus is on the existing literature, indicating potential therapeutic application of miRNAs in both preclinical experimental IBD models and translational data in the context of clinical IBD. To date, a large and diverse data set, which is growing rapidly, supports the potential use of miRNA-based therapies in clinical practice, although many questions remain unanswered.
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Oveili E, Vafaei S, Bazavar H, Eslami Y, Mamaghanizadeh E, Yasamineh S, Gholizadeh O. The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes as microRNAs delivery systems in different diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:20. [PMID: 36690996 PMCID: PMC9869323 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA. Moreover, it has been shown that miRNAs expression are changed in various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune disease, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative Diseases. The suppression of miRNA function can be easily attained by utilizing of anti-miRNAs. In contrast, an enhancement in miRNA function can be achieved through the utilization of modified miRNA mimetics. The discovery of appropriate miRNA carriers in the body has become an interesting subject for investigators. Exosomes (EXOs) therapeutic efficiency and safety for transferring different cellular biological components to the recipient cell have attracted significant attention for their capability as miRNA carriers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized to generate a wide range of EXOs (MSC-EXOs), showing that MSCs may be effective for EXO generation in a clinically appropriate measure as compared to other cell origins. MSC-EXOs have been widely investigated because of their immune attributes, tumor-homing attributes, and flexible characteristics. In this article, we summarized the features of miRNAs and MSC-EXOs, including production, purification, and miRNA loading methods of MSC-EXOs, and the modification of MSC-EXOs for targeted miRNA delivery in various diseases. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Oveili
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Azad Islamic University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Bazavar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Eslami
- Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mamaghanizadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Omid Gholizadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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A Simple Synthesis of Reduction-Responsive Acrylamide-Type Nanogels for miRNA Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020761. [PMID: 36677819 PMCID: PMC9861385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have great therapeutic potential; however, their delivery still faces huge challenges, especially given the short half-life of naked miRNAs due to rapid hydrolysis or inactivation by abundant nucleases in the systemic circulation. Therefore, the search for reliable miRNA delivery systems is crucial. Nanogels are one of the more effective nanocarriers because they are biocompatible and have a high drug-loading capacity. In this study, acrylamide-based nanogels containing cationic groups and redox-sensitive crosslinkers were developed for cellular delivery of anti-miR21 (a-miR21). To achieve this, post-polymerization loading of a-miR21 oligonucleotides into nanogels was performed by utilizing the electrostatic interaction between positively charged nanogels and negatively charged oligonucleotides. Different molar ratios of the amine groups (N) on the cationic nanogel and phosphate groups (P) on the miRNA were investigated. An N/P ratio of 2 allowed high miRNA loading capacity (MLC, 6.7% w/w) and miRNA loading efficiency (MLE, 99.7% w/w). Successful miRNA loading was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) measurements. miRNA-loaded nanogels (NG/miRNA) formed stable dispersions in biological media and showed an enhanced miRNA release profile in the presence of glutathione (GSH). Moreover, the addition of heparin to dissociate the miRNA from the cationic nanogels resulted in the complete release of miRNA. Lastly, a cell uptake study indicated that NG/miRNA could be easily taken up by cancer cells.
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38
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Seok HJ, Choi JY, Yi JM, Bae IH. Targeting miR-5088-5p attenuates radioresistance by suppressing Slug. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:164-173. [PMID: 36632615 PMCID: PMC9827365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is widely used for cancer treatment, but paradoxically, it has been reported that surviving cancer cells can acquire resistance, leading to recurrence or metastasis. Efforts to reduce radioresistance are required to increase the effectiveness of radiotherapy. miRNAs are advantageous as therapeutic agents because it can simultaneously inhibit the expression of several target mRNAs. Therefore, this study discovered miRNA that regulated radioresistance and elucidated its signaling mechanism. Our previous study confirmed that miR-5088-5p was associated with malignancy and metastasis in breast cancer. As a study to clarify the relationship between radiation and miR-5088-5p identified as onco-miRNA, it was confirmed that radiation induced hypomethylation of the promoter of miR-5088-5p and its expression increased. On the other hand, miR-5088-5p inhibitors were confirmed to reduce radiation-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and metastasis by reducing Slug. Therefore, this study showed the potential of miR-5088-5p inhibitors as therapeutic agents to suppress radioresistance.
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Key Words
- Ang, angiopoietin
- CSC, cancer stem-like cell
- DBC2, deleted in breast cancer 2
- DNMT, DNA methyl transferases
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- IR, ionizing radiation
- MSP, methylation-specific PCR
- MTT, methylthiazole tetrazolium
- Promoter methylation
- Radioresistance
- Resistance
- Slug
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- miR-5088-5p inhibitor
- miRNA, microRNA
- siRNA, small-interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Seok
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeon Choi
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Mi Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwa Bae
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author. Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea.
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Samad AFA, Kamaroddin MF. Innovative approaches in transforming microRNAs into therapeutic tools. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1768. [PMID: 36437633 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is regarded as a prominent genetic regulator, as it can fine-tune an entire biological pathway by targeting multiple target genes. This characteristic makes miRNAs promising therapeutic tools to reinstate cell functions that are disrupted as a consequence of diseases. Currently, miRNA replacement by miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibition by anti-miRNA oligonucleotides are the main approaches to utilizing miRNA molecules for therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, miRNA-based therapeutics are hampered by major issues such as off-target effects, immunogenicity, and uncertain delivery platforms. Over the past few decades, several innovative approaches have been established to minimize off-target effects, reduce immunostimulation, and provide efficient transfer to the target cells in which these molecules exert their function. Recent achievements have led to the testing of miRNA-based drugs in clinical trials, and these molecules may become next-generation therapeutics for medical intervention. Despite the achievement of exciting milestones, the dosage of miRNA administration remains unclear, and ways to address this issue are proposed. Elucidating the current status of the main factors of therapeutic miRNA would allow further developments and innovations to achieve safe therapeutic tools. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > RNAi: Mechanisms of Action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Fatah A Samad
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farizal Kamaroddin
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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40
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Traber GM, Yu AM. RNAi-Based Therapeutics and Novel RNA Bioengineering Technologies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:133-154. [PMID: 35680378 PMCID: PMC9827509 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) provides researchers with a versatile means to modulate target gene expression. The major forms of RNAi molecules, genome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and exogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), converge into RNA-induced silencing complexes to achieve posttranscriptional gene regulation. RNAi has proven to be an adaptable and powerful therapeutic strategy where advancements in chemistry and pharmaceutics continue to bring RNAi-based drugs into the clinic. With four siRNA medications already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), several RNAi-based therapeutics continue to advance to clinical trials with functions that closely resemble their endogenous counterparts. Although intended to enhance stability and improve efficacy, chemical modifications may increase risk of off-target effects by altering RNA structure, folding, and biologic activity away from their natural equivalents. Novel technologies in development today seek to use intact cells to yield true biologic RNAi agents that better represent the structures, stabilities, activities, and safety profiles of natural RNA molecules. In this review, we provide an examination of the mechanisms of action of endogenous miRNAs and exogenous siRNAs, the physiologic and pharmacokinetic barriers to therapeutic RNA delivery, and a summary of the chemical modifications and delivery platforms in use. We overview the pharmacology of the four FDA-approved siRNA medications (patisiran, givosiran, lumasiran, and inclisiran) as well as five siRNAs and several miRNA-based therapeutics currently in clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the direct expression and stable carrier-based, in vivo production of novel biologic RNAi agents for research and development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In our review, we summarize the major concepts of RNA interference (RNAi), molecular mechanisms, and current state and challenges of RNAi drug development. We focus our discussion on the pharmacology of US Food and Drug Administration-approved RNAi medications and those siRNAs and miRNA-based therapeutics that entered the clinical investigations. Novel approaches to producing new true biological RNAi molecules for research and development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California (UC) Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
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41
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Sharma AR, Lee YH, Lee SS. Recent advancements of miRNAs in the treatment of bone diseases and their delivery potential. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 4:100150. [PMID: 36691422 PMCID: PMC9860349 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in understanding miRNAs as endogenous posttranscriptional regulatory units have projected them as novel therapeutics for several untreatable diseases. miRNAs are endogenous non-coding small single-stranded RNA molecules (20-24 nucleotides) with specific gene regulatory functions like repression of mRNA translation by degrading mRNAs. Emerging evidence suggests the role of miRNAs in various stages of bone growth and development. Undoubtedly, due to their critical role in bone remodeling, miRNAs might be projected as a novel approach to treating bone-related diseases. However, the instability associated with miRNAs in their complex environment, such as degradation by nucleases, is a concern. Thus, recent attention is being paid to maintaining the miRNAs' safety and efficacy in the cells. Various efficient delivery systems and chemical modifications of miRNAs are being developed to make them a potential therapeutic option for bone diseases. Here, we have tried to recapitulate the recent advances in the role of miRNAs in bone disease, along with the potential delivery systems for their efficient delivery to the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Corresponding author. Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, South Korea.
| | | | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Corresponding author. Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, South Korea.
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42
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Seyednejad SA, Sartor GC. Noncoding RNA therapeutics for substance use disorder. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2022; 2:10807. [PMID: 36601439 PMCID: PMC9808746 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2022.10807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to regulate maladaptive neuroadaptations that drive compulsive drug use, ncRNA-targeting therapeutics for substance use disorder (SUD) have yet to be clinically tested. Recent advances in RNA-based drugs have improved many therapeutic issues related to immune response, specificity, and delivery, leading to multiple successful clinical trials for other diseases. As the need for safe and effective treatments for SUD continues to grow, novel nucleic acid-based therapeutics represent an appealing approach to target ncRNA mechanisms in SUD. Here, we review ncRNA processes implicated in SUD, discuss recent therapeutic approaches for targeting ncRNAs, and highlight potential opportunities and challenges of ncRNA-targeting therapeutics for SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Afshin Seyednejad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (CT IBACS), Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Gregory C. Sartor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (CT IBACS), Storrs, CT, United States
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43
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Bongolo CC, Thokerunga E, Yan Q, Yacouba MBM, Wang C. Exosomes Derived from microRNA-27a-3p Overexpressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Progression of Liver Cancer through Suppression of Golgi Membrane Protein 1. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:9748714. [PMID: 36530488 PMCID: PMC9750777 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9748714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant health burden to date. Its early diagnosis and treatment are complicated by the lack of early diagnosis markers and multidrug resistance. microRNA regulation of HCC oncogenes are among the new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies being explored, although the mode of delivery of a therapeutic dose of the miRNA remains a challenge. In this study, we explored the use of exosomes from umbilical mesenchymal stem cells transfected with miR-27a-3p to interact with the oncogene GOLM1 in HCC and inhibit HCC progression both in vitro and in vivo. We first determined and compared the expression levels of miR-27a-3p in blood, various cell lines and tissues of HCC and their corresponding normal controls. We then employed bioinformatics analysis to determine the gene target for miR-27a-3p in HCC and later transfected upregulated miR-27a-3p in mesenchymal stem cells, and treated HCC cells with exosomes extracted from the transfected stem cells. We then created mouse models of HCC using balbc/nude mice and equally treated them with exosomes from miR-27a-3p transfected stem cells. The results showed that miR-27a-3p is downregulated in blood, cell lines, and tissues of HCC patients compared to normal controls. Exosomes from the miR-27a-3p transfected mesenchymal stem cells prevented HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR-27a-3p prevented HCC through interacting with and downregulating GOLM1 as its target oncogene. In conclusion, miR-27a-3p is a potential therapeutic target for HCC acting through GOLM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Cedric Bongolo
- Wuhan Sheba Precision Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, 430022 Hubei, China
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 43007, China
| | - Erick Thokerunga
- Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 43007, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, 1410 Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Qian Yan
- Wuhan Sheba Precision Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, 430022 Hubei, China
| | | | - Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases in Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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44
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Chauhan N, Manojkumar A, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. microRNA-205 in prostate cancer: Overview to clinical translation. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188809. [PMID: 36191828 PMCID: PMC9996811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the most common type of cancer among men in the United States. The metastatic and advanced PrCa develops drug resistance to current regimens which accounts for the poor management. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been well-documented for their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic roles in various human cancers. Recent literature confirmed that microRNA-205 (miR-205) has been established as one of the tumor suppressors in PrCa. miR-205 regulates number of cellular functions, such as proliferation, invasion, migration/metastasis, and apoptosis. It is also evident that miR-205 can serve as a key biomarker in diagnostic, prognostic, and therapy of PrCa. Therefore, in this review, we will provide an overview of tumor suppressive role of miR-205 in PrCa. This work also outlines miR-205's specific role in targeted mechanisms for chemosensitization and radiosensitization in PrCa. A facile approach of delivery paths for successful clinical translation is documented. Together, all these studies provide a novel insight of miR-205 as an adjuvant agent for reducing the widening gaps in clinical outcome of PrCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Anjali Manojkumar
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA.
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45
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Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Abulsoud AI, Sallam AAM, Eldeib MG, Elsakka EG, Zaki MB, Doghish AS. Beneficial and detrimental aspects of miRNAs as chief players in breast cancer: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1541-1565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Dhuppar S, Murugaiyan G. miRNA effects on gut homeostasis: therapeutic implications for inflammatory bowel disease. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:917-931. [PMID: 36220689 PMCID: PMC9617792 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) spans a range of chronic conditions affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which are marked by intermittent flare-ups and remissions. IBD results from microbial dysbiosis or a defective mucosal barrier in the gut that triggers an inappropriate immune response in a genetically susceptible person, altering the immune-microbiome axis. In this review, we discuss the regulatory roles of miRNAs, small noncoding RNAs with gene regulatory functions, in the stability and maintenance of the gut immune-microbiome axis, and detail the challenges and recent advances in the use of miRNAs as putative therapeutic agents for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivnarayan Dhuppar
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Current address: Centre for Business Innovation, The Indian School of Business, Hyderabad 500111, India
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Sodium Thiosulphate-Loaded Liposomes Control Hydrogen Sulphide Release and Retain Its Biological Properties in Hypoxia-like Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112092. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, or insufficient oxygen availability is a common feature in the development of a myriad of cardiovascular-related conditions including ischemic disease. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) donors, such as sodium thiosulphate (STS), are known for their cardioprotective properties. However, H2S due to its gaseous nature, is released and cleared rapidly, limiting its potential translation to clinical settings. For the first time, we developed and characterised liposome formulations encapsulating STS and explored their potential for modulating STS uptake, H2S release and the ability to retain pro-angiogenic and biological signals in a hypoxia-like environment mirroring oxygen insufficiency in vitro. Liposomes were prepared by varying lipid ratios and characterised for size, polydispersity and charge. STS liposomal encapsulation was confirmed by HPLC-UV detection and STS uptake and H2S release was assessed in vitro. To mimic hypoxia, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was administered in conjunction with formulated and non-formulated STS, to explore pro-angiogenic and metabolic signals. Optimised liposomal formulation observed a liposome diameter of 146.42 ± 7.34 nm, a polydispersity of 0.22 ± 0.19, and charge of 3.02 ± 1.44 mV, resulting in 25% STS encapsulation. Maximum STS uptake (76.96 ± 3.08%) from liposome encapsulated STS was determined at 24 h. Co-exposure with CoCl2 and liposome encapsulated STS resulted in increased vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA as well as protein expression, enhanced wound closure and increased capillary-like formation. Finally, liposomal STS reversed metabolic switch induced by hypoxia by enhancing mitochondrial bioenergetics. These novel findings provide evidence of a feasible controlled-delivery system for STS, thus H2S, using liposome-based nanoparticles. Likewise, data suggests that in scenarios of hypoxia, liposomal STS is a good therapeutic candidate to sustain pro-angiogenic signals and retain metabolic functions that might be impaired by limited oxygen and nutrient availability.
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Dalmizrak A, Dalmizrak O. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as new tools for delivery of miRNAs in the treatment of cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:956563. [PMID: 36225602 PMCID: PMC9548561 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.956563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although ongoing medical research is working to find a cure for a variety of cancers, it continues to be one of the major causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy, as well as surgical intervention and radiation therapy, are critical components of cancer treatment. Most anti-cancer drugs are given systemically and distribute not just to tumor tissues but also to normal tissues, where they may cause side effects. Furthermore, because anti-cancer drugs have a low delivery efficiency, some tumors do not respond to them. As a result, tumor-targeted drug delivery is critical for improving the safety and efficacy of anti-cancer treatment. Exosomes are microscopic extracellular vesicles that cells produce to communicate with one another. MicroRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), DNA, protein, and lipids are among the therapeutic cargos found in exosomes. Recently, several studies have focused on miRNAs as a potential therapeutic element for the treatment of cancer. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been known to have angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Exosomes derived from MSCs are gaining popularity as a non-cellular alternative to MSC-based therapy, as this method avoids unwanted lineage differentiation. Therefore more research have focused on transferring miRNAs to mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and targeting miRNA-loaded exosomes to cancer cells. Here, we initially gave an overview of the characteristics and potentials of MSC as well as the use of MSC-derived exosomes in cancer therapy. Finally, we emphasized the utilization of MSC-derived exosomes for miRNA delivery in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Dalmizrak
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Dalmizrak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Ozlem Dalmizrak,
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Mbatha S, Hull R, Dlamini Z. Exploiting the Molecular Basis of Oesophageal Cancer for Targeted Therapies and Biomarkers for Drug Response: Guiding Clinical Decision-Making. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102359. [PMID: 36289620 PMCID: PMC9598679 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, oesophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of deaths related to cancer and represents a major health concern. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the regions of the world with the highest incidence and mortality rates for oesophageal cancer and most of the cases of oesophageal cancer in this region are oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The development and progression of OSCC is characterized by genomic changes which can be utilized as diagnostic or prognostic markers. These include changes in the expression of various genes involved in signaling pathways that regulate pathways that regulate processes that are related to the hallmarks of cancer, changes in the tumor mutational burden, changes in alternate splicing and changes in the expression of non-coding RNAs such as miRNA. These genomic changes give rise to characteristic profiles of altered proteins, transcriptomes, spliceosomes and genomes which can be used in clinical applications to monitor specific disease related parameters. Some of these profiles are characteristic of more aggressive forms of cancer or are indicative of treatment resistance or tumors that will be difficult to treat or require more specialized specific treatments. In Sub-Saharan region of Africa there is a high incidence of viral infections such as HPV and HIV, which are both risk factors for OSCC. The genomic changes that occur due to these infections can serve as diagnostic markers for OSCC related to viral infection. Clinically this is an important distinction as it influences treatment as well as disease progression and treatment monitoring practices. This underlines the importance of the characterization of the molecular landscape of OSCC in order to provide the best treatment, care, diagnosis and screening options for the management of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikhumbuzo Mbatha
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (Z.D.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (Z.D.)
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Role of Different Types of miRNAs in Some Cardiovascular Diseases and Therapy-Based miRNA Strategies: A Mini Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2738119. [PMID: 36187500 PMCID: PMC9519277 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2738119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease has been extensively studied. miRNAs have been highlighted as an important physiological regulator for activities like cardiac protection. miRNAs are present in the circulation, and they have been investigated as physiological markers, especially in the condition of heart failure. However, there is less compelling verification that miRNAs can outperform traditional biomarkers. However, clinical evidence is still required. In this review article, we explored the feasibility of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for heart failure in a systematic study. Searching in the PubMed database to identify miRNA molecules that are differentially expressed between groups of patients with heart failure or heart disease and controls, throughout the investigation, we discovered no significant overlap in differentially expressed miRNAs. Only four miRNAs (“miR-126,” “miR-150-5p,” “hsa-miR-233,” and “miR-423-5p”) were differentially expressed. Results from our review show that there is not enough evidence to support the use of miRNAs as biomarkers in clinical settings.
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