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Johnson GA, Kodati B, Nahomi RB, Pham JH, Krishnamoorthy VR, Phillips NR, Krishnamoorthy RR, Nagaraj RH, Stankowska DL. Mechanisms contributing to inhibition of retinal ganglion cell death by cell permeable peptain-1 under glaucomatous stress. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:305. [PMID: 38942762 PMCID: PMC11213865 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assesses the neuroprotective potential of CPP-P1, a conjugate of an anti-apoptotic peptain-1 (P1) and a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) in in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo glaucoma models. Primary retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were subjected to either neurotrophic factor (NF) deprivation for 48 h or endothelin-3 (ET-3) treatment for 24 h and received either CPP-P1 or vehicle. RGC survival was analyzed using a Live/Dead assay. Axotomized human retinal explants were treated with CPP-P1 or vehicle for seven days, stained with RGC marker RBPMS, and RGC survival was analyzed. Brown Norway (BN) rats with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) received weekly intravitreal injections of CPP-P1 or vehicle for six weeks. RGC function was evaluated using a pattern electroretinogram (PERG). RGC and axonal damage were also assessed. RGCs from ocular hypertensive rats treated with CPP-P1 or vehicle for seven days were isolated for transcriptomic analysis. RGCs subjected to 48 h of NF deprivation were used for qPCR target confirmation. NF deprivation led to a significant loss of RGCs, which was markedly reduced by CPP-P1 treatment. CPP-P1 also decreased ET-3-mediated RGC death. In ex vivo human retinal explants, CPP-P1 decreased RGC loss. IOP elevation resulted in significant RGC loss in mid-peripheral and peripheral retinas compared to that in naive rats, which was significantly reduced by CPP-P1 treatment. PERG amplitude decline in IOP-elevated rats was mitigated by CPP-P1 treatment. Following IOP elevation in BN rats, the transcriptomic analysis showed over 6,000 differentially expressed genes in the CPP-P1 group compared to the vehicle-treated group. Upregulated pathways included CREB signaling and synaptogenesis. A significant increase in Creb1 mRNA and elevated phosphorylated Creb were observed in CPP-P1-treated RGCs. Our study showed that CPP-P1 is neuroprotective through CREB signaling enhancement in several settings that mimic glaucomatous conditions. The findings from this study are significant as they address the pressing need for the development of efficacious therapeutic strategies to maintain RGC viability and functionality associated with glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen A Johnson
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Bindu Kodati
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Rooban B Nahomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer H Pham
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Nicole R Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Raghu R Krishnamoorthy
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Ram H Nagaraj
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dorota L Stankowska
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Chan L, Moster MR, Bicket AK, Sheybani A, Sarkisian SR, Samuelson TW, Ahmed IIK, Miller-Ellis E, Smith OU, Cui QN. New Devices in Glaucoma. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2381-2395. [PMID: 37558818 PMCID: PMC10441989 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma remains a leading cause of blindness globally. Minimally invasive treatment techniques are rapidly expanding the availability of therapeutic options for glaucoma. These include devices aimed at enhancing outflow through the subconjunctival space, Schlemm's canal, and suprachoroidal space, sustained-release drug delivery devices, and extraocular devices aiming to reduce glaucomatous progression through other novel means. In this review, we provide an overview of several novel devices either newly available or in development for the medical and surgical management of glaucoma. Further studies are required to determine the long-term efficacy of these devices and how they will integrate into the current landscape of glaucoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 51 North 39th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Amanda K Bicket
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical School, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Arsham Sheybani
- Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8096, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Steven R Sarkisian
- Oklahoma Eye Surgeons, 5600 N Portland Ave, Oklahoma City, OK, 73112, USA
| | - Thomas W Samuelson
- Minnesota Eye Consultants, University of Minnesota, 909 Fulton St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Iqbal Ike K Ahmed
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Prism Eye Institute, Mississauga, Canada
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, 65 Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Eydie Miller-Ellis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 51 North 39th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Oluwatosin U Smith
- Glaucoma Associates of Texas, 10740 N. Central Expy, Suite 300, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
| | - Qi N Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 51 North 39th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Sharif NA. Electrical, Electromagnetic, Ultrasound Wave Therapies, and Electronic Implants for Neuronal Rejuvenation, Neuroprotection, Axonal Regeneration, and IOP Reduction. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:477-498. [PMID: 36126293 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) of mammals and nervous systems of lower organisms possess significant regenerative potential. In contrast, although neural plasticity can provide some compensation, the central nervous system (CNS) neurons and nerves of adult mammals generally fail to regenerate after an injury or damage. However, use of diverse electrical, electromagnetic and sonographic energy waves are illuminating novel ways to stimulate neuronal differentiation, proliferation, neurite growth, and axonal elongation/regeneration leading to various levels of functional recovery in animals and humans afflicted with disorders of the CNS, PNS, retina, and optic nerve. Tools such as acupuncture, electroacupuncture, electroshock therapy, electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, red light therapy, and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy are demonstrating efficacy in treating many different maladies. These include wound healing, partial recovery from motor dysfunctions, recovery from ischemic/reperfusion insults and CNS and ocular remyelination, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) rejuvenation, and RGC axonal regeneration. Neural rejuvenation and axonal growth/regeneration processes involve activation or intensifying of the intrinsic bioelectric waves (action potentials) that exist in every neuronal circuit of the body. In addition, reparative factors released at the nerve terminals and via neuronal dendrites (transmitter substances), extracellular vesicles containing microRNAs and neurotrophins, and intercellular communication occurring via nanotubes aid in reestablishing lost or damaged connections between the traumatized tissues and the PNS and CNS. Many other beneficial effects of the aforementioned treatment paradigms are mediated via gene expression alterations such as downregulation of inflammatory and death-signal genes and upregulation of neuroprotective and cytoprotective genes. These varied techniques and technologies will be described and discussed covering cell-based and animal model-based studies. Data from clinical applications and linkage to human ocular diseases will also be discussed where relevant translational research has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najam A Sharif
- Global Alliances and External Research, Ophthalmology Innovation Center, Santen Inc., Emeryville, California, USA
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Insitute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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