1
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Cong M, Hu JJ, Yu Y, Li XL, Sun XT, Wang LT, Wu X, Zhu LJ, Yang XJ, He QR, Ding F, Shi HY. miRNA-21-5p is an important contributor to the promotion of injured peripheral nerve regeneration using hypoxia-pretreated bone marrow-derived neural crest cells. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:277-290. [PMID: 38767492 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202501000-00035/figure1/v/2024-05-14T021156Z/r/image-tiff Our previous study found that rat bone marrow-derived neural crest cells (acting as Schwann cell progenitors) have the potential to promote long-distance nerve repair. Cell-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve repair and regeneration through paracrine bioactive factors and intercellular communication. Nevertheless, the complex contributions of various types of soluble cytokines and extracellular vesicle cargos to the secretome remain unclear. To investigate the role of the secretome and extracellular vesicles in repairing damaged peripheral nerves, we collected conditioned culture medium from hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells, and found that it significantly promoted the repair of sensory neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation. The mRNA expression of trophic factors was highly expressed in hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells. We performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and found that miR-21-5p was enriched in hypoxia-pretreated extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells. Subsequently, to further clarify the role of hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles rich in miR-21-5p in axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons, we used a microfluidic axonal dissociation model of sensory neurons in vitro, and found that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles promoted axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons, which was greatly dependent on loaded miR-21-5p. Finally, we constructed a miR-21-5p-loaded neural conduit to repair the sciatic nerve defect in rats and found that the motor and sensory functions of injured rat hind limb, as well as muscle tissue morphology of the hind limbs, were obviously restored. These findings suggest that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest extracellular vesicles are natural nanoparticles rich in miRNA-21-5p. miRNA-21-5p is one of the main contributors to promoting nerve regeneration by the neural crest cell secretome. This helps to explain the mechanism of action of the secretome and extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells in repairing damaged peripheral nerves, and also promotes the application of miR-21-5p in tissue engineering regeneration medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cong
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Hu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Physiology, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Sun
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling-Jie Zhu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Yang
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian-Ru He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shi
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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2
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Haider KH. Priming mesenchymal stem cells to develop "super stem cells". World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:623-640. [PMID: 38948094 PMCID: PMC11212549 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i6.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The stem cell pre-treatment approaches at cellular and sub-cellular levels encompass physical manipulation of stem cells to growth factor treatment, genetic manipulation, and chemical and pharmacological treatment, each strategy having advantages and limitations. Most of these pre-treatment protocols are non-combinative. This editorial is a continuum of Li et al's published article and Wan et al's editorial focusing on the significance of pre-treatment strategies to enhance their stemness, immunoregulatory, and immunosuppressive properties. They have elaborated on the intricacies of the combinative pre-treatment protocol using pro-inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia. Applying a well-defined multi-pronged combinatorial strategy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), pre-treatment based on the mechanistic understanding is expected to develop "Super MSCs", which will create a transformative shift in MSC-based therapies in clinical settings, potentially revolutionizing the field. Once optimized, the standardized protocols may be used with slight modifications to pre-treat different stem cells to develop "super stem cells" with augmented stemness, functionality, and reparability for diverse clinical applications with better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja Husnain Haider
- Department of Basic Sciences, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, AlQaseem 52736, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Dong Q, Fei X, Zhang H, Zhu X, Ruan J. Effect of Dimethyloxalylglycine on Stem Cells Osteogenic Differentiation and Bone Tissue Regeneration-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3879. [PMID: 38612687 PMCID: PMC11011423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) has been found to stimulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis of stem cells, promoting neo-angiogenesis in bone tissue regeneration. In this review, we conducted a comprehensive search of the literature to investigate the effects of DMOG on osteogenesis and bone regeneration. We screened the studies based on specific inclusion criteria and extracted relevant information from both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The risk of bias in animal studies was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool. Out of the 174 studies retrieved, 34 studies met the inclusion criteria (34 studies were analyzed in vitro and 20 studies were analyzed in vivo). The findings of the included studies revealed that DMOG stimulated stem cells' differentiation toward osteogenic, angiogenic, and chondrogenic lineages, leading to vascularized bone and cartilage regeneration. Addtionally, DMOG demonstrated therapeutic effects on bone loss caused by bone-related diseases. However, the culture environment in vitro is notably distinct from that in vivo, and the animal models used in vivo experiments differ significantly from humans. In summary, DMOG has the ability to enhance the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation potential of stem cells, thereby improving bone regeneration in cases of bone defects. This highlights DMOG as a potential focus for research in the field of bone tissue regeneration engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Xiuzhi Fei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Ximei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
- Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
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4
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Hazrati A, Malekpour K, Khorramdelazad H, Rajaei S, Hashemi SM. Therapeutic and immunomodulatory potentials of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and immune checkpoints related molecules. Biomark Res 2024; 12:35. [PMID: 38515166 PMCID: PMC10958918 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are used in many studies due to their therapeutic potential, including their differentiative ability and immunomodulatory properties. These cells perform their therapeutic functions by using various mechanisms, such as the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, direct cell-to-cell contact, extracellular vesicles (EVs) production, and mitochondrial transfer. However, mechanisms related to immune checkpoints (ICPs) and their effect on the immunomodulatory ability of MSCs are less discussed. The main function of ICPs is to prevent the initiation of unwanted responses and to regulate the immune system responses to maintain the homeostasis of these responses. ICPs are produced by various types of immune system regulatory cells, and defects in their expression and function may be associated with excessive responses that can ultimately lead to autoimmunity. Also, by expressing different types of ICPs and their ligands (ICPLs), tumor cells prevent the formation and durability of immune responses, which leads to tumors' immune escape. ICPs and ICPLs can be produced by MSCs and affect immune cell responses both through their secretion into the microenvironment or direct cell-to-cell interaction. Pre-treatment of MSCs in inflammatory conditions leads to an increase in their therapeutic potential. In addition to the effect that inflammatory environments have on the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines by MSCs, they can increase the expression of various types of ICPLs. In this review, we discuss different types of ICPLs and ICPs expressed by MSCs and their effect on their immunomodulatory and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Samira Rajaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Nguyen TM, Jang WB, Lee Y, Kim YH, Lim HJ, Lee EJ, Nguyen TMT, Choi EJ, Kwon SM, Oh JW. Non-intrusive quality appraisal of differentiation-induced cardiovascular stem cells using E-Nose sensor technology. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115838. [PMID: 38042052 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell technology holds immense potential for revolutionizing medicine, particularly in regenerative treatment for heart disease. The unique capacity of stem cells to differentiate into diverse cell types offers promise in repairing damaged tissues and implanting organs. Ensuring the quality of differentiated cells, essential for specific functions, demands in-depth analysis. However, this process consumes time and incurs substantial costs while invasive methods may alter stem cell features during differentiation and deplete cell numbers. To address these challenges, we propose a non-invasive strategy, using cellular respiration, to assess the quality of differentiation-induced stem cells, notably cardiovascular stem cells. This evaluation employs an electronic nose (E-Nose) and neural pattern separation (NPS). Our goal is to assess differentiation-induced cardiac stem cells (DICs) quality through E-Nose data analysis and compare it with standard commercial human cells (SCHCs). Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated by interacting SCHCs and DICs with the E-Nose, achieving over 90% classification accuracy. Employing selective combinations optimized by NPS, E-Nose successfully classified all six cell types. Consequently, the relative similarity among DICs like cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells with SCHCs was established relied on comparing response data from the E-Nose sensor without resorting to complex evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Mien Nguyen
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Bi Jang
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46214, Republic of Korea
| | - You Hwan Kim
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46214, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ji Lim
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Thu M T Nguyen
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46214, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Choi
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Mo Kwon
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Woo Oh
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46214, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Olcar HN, Isildar B, Ozkan S, Ercin M, Gezginci-Oktayoglu S, Koyuturk M. Investigation of conditioned medium properties obtained from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem/stromal cells preconditioned with dimethyloxalylglycine in a correlation with ultrastructural changes. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:159-171. [PMID: 37728208 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) hold significant therapeutic value due to their regeneration abilities, migration capacity, and immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory properties. These cells secrete soluble and insoluble factors, and this complex secretome contributes to their therapeutic effect. Furthermore, stimulation of cells by various external stimuli lead to secretome modifications that can increase the therapeutic efficacy. So, this study examined the effect of dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), a hypoxia-mimetic agent, on secretome profiles and exosome secretions of MSCs by evaluating conditioned medium (CM) and ultrastructural morphologies of the cells in comparison with unpreconditioned MSCs. The appropriate dose and duration of the use of DMOG were determined as 1000 μM and 24 h by evaluating the HIF-1α expression. DMOG-CM and N-CM were collected from MSCs incubated in serum-free medium with/without DMOG for 24 h, respectively. The content analysis of conditioned mediums (CMs) revealed that VEGF, NGF, and IL-4 levels were increased in DMOG-CM. Subsequently, exosomes were isolated from the CMs and were shown by transmission electron microscopy and Western blot analysis in both groups. The effects of CMs on proliferation and migration were determined by in vitro wound healing tests; both CMs increased the fibroblast's migratory and proliferative capacities. According to the ultrastructural evaluation, autophagosome, autolysosome, myelin figure, and microvesicular body structures were abundant in DMOG-preconditioned MSCs. Consistent with the high number of autophagic vacuoles, Beclin-1 expression was increased in those cells. These findings suggested that DMOG could alter MSCs' secretion profile, modify their ultrastructural morphology accordingly, and make the CM a more potent therapeutic tool. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Preconditioning mesenchymal stem/stromal cells with dimethyloxalylglycine, a hypoxia-mimetic agent, could modify cellular metabolism. Hypoxic mechanisms lead to alterations in the ultrastructural characteristics of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. Preconditioning with dimethyloxalylglycine leads to ultrastructural and metabolic changes of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells along with modifications in their secretome profiles. Preconditioning of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells could render them a more potent therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Nurdan Olcar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basak Isildar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serbay Ozkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Ercin
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Koyuturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Bhaskara M, Anjorin O, Wang M. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal microRNAs in Cardiac Regeneration. Cells 2023; 12:2815. [PMID: 38132135 PMCID: PMC10742005 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is one of the most promising modalities for cardiac repair. Accumulated evidence suggests that the therapeutic value of MSCs is mainly attributable to exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) replicate the beneficial effects of MSCs by regulating various cellular responses and signaling pathways implicated in cardiac regeneration and repair. miRNAs constitute an important fraction of exosome content and are key contributors to the biological function of MSC-Exo. MSC-Exo carrying specific miRNAs provides anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and angiogenic effects within the infarcted heart. Studying exosomal miRNAs will provide an important insight into the molecular mechanisms of MSC-Exo in cardiac regeneration and repair. This significant information can help optimize cell-free treatment and overcome the challenges associated with MSC-Exo therapeutic application. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and the potential mechanisms of MSC-derived exosomal miRNAs in cardiac repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meijing Wang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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8
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Koch DW, Schnabel LV. Mesenchymal stem cell licensing: enhancing MSC function as a translational approach for the treatment of tendon injury. Am J Vet Res 2023; 84:1-8. [PMID: 37669745 PMCID: PMC11027115 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.23.07.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Tendon injuries are common in both veterinary and human clinical patients and result in morbidity, pain, and lost athletic performance. Consequently, utilizing naturally occurring injuries in veterinary patients as a comparative model could inform the development of novel therapies and increase translation for the treatment of human tendon injuries. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown considerable efficacy for the treatment of experimental and clinical superficial digital flexor tendon injury in the horse; however, the reinjury rate following treatment can remain high and MSC efficacy in treating other tendons is less well known. Additionally, the translation of MSC therapy to human tendon injury has remained poor. Recent evidence indicates that naïve MSC function can be enhanced through exogenous stimulation or manipulation of their environment. This stimulation or activation, herein termed MSC licensing, markedly alters MSC functions associated with immunomodulation, extracellular matrix remodeling, vascular development, bioactive factor production, and endogenous stromal/progenitor cell support. Additionally, a variety of licensing strategies has proven to influence MSC-secreted factors that have positively influenced outcome parameters in both in vitro and in vivo disease models separate from musculoskeletal tissues. Therefore, identifying the optimal licensing strategy for MSCs could ultimately provide an avenue for reliable and repeatable treatment of a broad range of tendon injuries of both veterinary and human clinical patients. This article details current evidence on the effects of licensed MSCs in both in vitro and in vivo disease models of different species and provides commentary on how those effector functions identified may be translated to the treatment of tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew W. Koch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Lauren V. Schnabel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
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9
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Malektaj H, Nour S, Imani R, Siadati MH. Angiogenesis induction as a key step in cardiac tissue Regeneration: From angiogenic agents to biomaterials. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123233. [PMID: 37460050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. After myocardial infarction, the vascular supply of the heart is damaged or blocked, leading to the formation of scar tissue, followed by several cardiac dysfunctions or even death. In this regard, induction of angiogenesis is considered as a vital process for supplying nutrients and oxygen to the cells in cardiac tissue engineering. The current review aims to summarize different approaches of angiogenesis induction for effective cardiac tissue repair. Accordingly, a comprehensive classification of induction of pro-angiogenic signaling pathways through using engineered biomaterials, drugs, angiogenic factors, as well as combinatorial approaches is introduced as a potential platform for cardiac regeneration application. The angiogenic induction for cardiac repair can enhance patient treatment outcomes and generate economic prospects for the biomedical industry. The development and commercialization of angiogenesis methods often involves collaboration between academic institutions, research organizations, and biomedical companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Malektaj
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Shirin Nour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Rana Imani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad H Siadati
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Zhang K, Du X, Gao Y, Liu S, Xu Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Alzheimer's Disease: Cell Therapy and Chemical Reagent Pretreatment. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221253. [PMID: 37125553 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As the size of the population aged 65 and older continues to grow, the incidence and mortality rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasing annually. Unfortunately, current treatments only treat symptoms temporarily and do not alter the patients' life expectancy or course of AD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown a certain therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases including AD due to their neuroinflammatory regulation and neuroprotective effects. However, the low survival and homing rates of MSCs after transplantation seriously affect their therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, appropriate in vitro preconditioning is necessary to increase the survival and homing rates of MSCs to improve their effectiveness in treating AD. Here we summarize the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs in AD and the chemical reagents used for the pretreatment of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinzhe Du
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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11
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David BT, Curtin JJ, Brown JL, Scorpio K, Kandaswamy V, Coutts DJC, Vivinetto A, Bianchimano P, Karuppagounder SS, Metcalfe M, Cave JW, Hill CE. Temporary induction of hypoxic adaptations by preconditioning fails to enhance Schwann cell transplant survival after spinal cord injury. Glia 2023; 71:648-666. [PMID: 36565279 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic preconditioning is protective in multiple models of injury and disease, but whether it is beneficial for cells transplanted into sites of spinal cord injury (SCI) is largely unexplored. In this study, we analyzed whether hypoxia-related preconditioning protected Schwann cells (SCs) transplanted into the contused thoracic rat spinal cord. Hypoxic preconditioning was induced in SCs prior to transplantation by exposure to either low oxygen (1% O2 ) or pharmacological agents (deferoxamine or adaptaquin). All preconditioning approaches induced hypoxic adaptations, including increased expression of HIF-1α and its target genes. These adaptations, however, were transient and resolved within 24 h of transplantation. Pharmacological preconditioning attenuated spinal cord oxidative stress and enhanced transplant vascularization, but it did not improve either transplanted cell survival or recovery of sensory or motor function. Together, these experiments show that hypoxia-related preconditioning is ineffective at augmenting either cell survival or the functional outcomes of SC-SCI transplants. They also reveal that the benefits of hypoxia-related adaptations induced by preconditioning for cell transplant therapies are not universal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T David
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Jessica J Curtin
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L Brown
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Kerri Scorpio
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Veena Kandaswamy
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - David J C Coutts
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Ana Vivinetto
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Paola Bianchimano
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Saravanan S Karuppagounder
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Mariajose Metcalfe
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - John W Cave
- InVitro Cell Research, LLC, Englewood, New Jersey, USA
| | - Caitlin E Hill
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.,Neural Stem Cell Institute, Rensselaer, New York, USA
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12
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Shineh G, Patel K, Mobaraki M, Tayebi L. Functional Approaches in Promoting Vascularization and Angiogenesis in Bone Critical-Sized Defects via Delivery of Cells, Growth Factors, Drugs, and Particles. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:99. [PMID: 36826899 PMCID: PMC9960138 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical-sized bone defects, or CSDs, are defined as bone defects that cannot be regenerated by themselves and require surgical intervention via employing specific biomaterials and a certain regenerative strategy. Although a variety of approaches can be used to treat CSDs, poor angiogenesis and vascularization remain an obstacle in these methods. The complex biological healing of bone defects depends directly on the function of blood flow to provide sufficient oxygen and nutrients and the removal of waste products from the defect site. The absence of vascularization can lead to non-union and delayed-union defect development. To overcome this challenge, angiogenic agents can be delivered to the site of injury to stimulate vessel formation. This review begins by introducing the treatment methods for CSDs. The importance of vascularization in CSDs is subsequently highlighted. Delivering angiogenesis agents, including relevant growth factors, cells, drugs, particles, cell secretion substances, their combination, and co-delivery to CSDs are fully explored. Moreover, the effects of such agents on new bone formation, followed by vessel formation in defect areas, are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Shineh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kishan Patel
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53207, USA
| | - Mohammadmahdi Mobaraki
- Biomaterial Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15916-34311, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53207, USA
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13
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Lnc Tmem235 promotes repair of early steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by inhibiting hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1991-2006. [PMID: 36380019 PMCID: PMC9723185 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00875-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been used in the treatment of early steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). However, the hypoxic microenvironment in the osteonecrotic area leads to hypoxia-induced apoptosis of transplanted BMSCs, which limits their efficacy. Therefore, approaches that inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs are promising for augmenting the efficacy of BMSC transplantation. Our present study found that under hypoxia, the expression of the long noncoding RNA (Lnc) transmembrane protein 235 (Tmem235) was downregulated, the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein was upregulated, the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 protein was downregulated, and the apoptotic rate of BMSCs was over 70%. However, overexpression of Lnc Tmem235 reversed hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs and promoted their survival. These results demonstrated that Lnc Tmem235 effectively inhibited hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs. Mechanistically, we found that Lnc Tmem235 exhibited competitive binding to miR-34a-3p compared with BIRC5 mRNA, which is an inhibitor of apoptosis; this competitive binding relieved the silencing effect of miR-34a-3p on BIRC5 mRNA to ultimately inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs by promoting the expression of BIRC5. Furthermore, we cocultured BMSCs overexpressing Lnc Tmem235 with xenogeneic antigen-extracted cancellous bone to construct tissue-engineered bone to repair a model of early SONFH in vivo. The results showed that overexpression of Lnc Tmem235 effectively reduced apoptosis of BMSCs in the hypoxic microenvironment of osteonecrosis and improved the effect of BMSC transplantation. Taken together, our findings show that Lnc Tmem235 inhibited hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs by regulating the miR-34a-3p/BIRC5 axis, thus improving the transplantation efficacy of BMSCs for treating early SONFH.
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14
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Matta A, Nader V, Lebrin M, Gross F, Prats AC, Cussac D, Galinier M, Roncalli J. Pre-Conditioning Methods and Novel Approaches with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101620. [PMID: 35626657 PMCID: PMC9140025 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the setting of cardiovascular disease, such as heart failure, cardiomyopathy and ischemic heart disease, has been associated with good clinical outcomes in several trials. A reduction in left ventricular remodeling, myocardial fibrosis and scar size, an improvement in endothelial dysfunction and prolonged cardiomyocytes survival were reported. The regenerative capacity, in addition to the pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects represent the main target properties of these cells. Herein, we review the different preconditioning methods of MSCs (hypoxia, chemical and pharmacological agents) and the novel approaches (genetically modified MSCs, MSC-derived exosomes and engineered cardiac patches) suggested to optimize the efficacy of MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Matta
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (V.N.); (M.L.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Kaslik 446, Lebanon
- Department of Cardiology, Intercommunal Hospital Centre Castres-Mazamet, 81100 Castres, France
| | - Vanessa Nader
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (V.N.); (M.L.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573/14, Lebanon
| | - Marine Lebrin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (V.N.); (M.L.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
- CIC-Biotherapies, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Fabian Gross
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (V.N.); (M.L.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
- CIC-Biotherapies, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Daniel Cussac
- INSERM I2MC—UMR1297, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.-C.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Michel Galinier
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (V.N.); (M.L.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Jerome Roncalli
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (V.N.); (M.L.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
- CIC-Biotherapies, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
- INSERM I2MC—UMR1297, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.-C.P.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-56-132-3334; Fax: +33-56-132-2246
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15
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Hertel FC, da Silva AS, Sabino ADP, Valente FL, Reis ECC. Preconditioning Methods to Improve Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Regeneration—A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050733. [PMID: 35625461 PMCID: PMC9138769 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The evidence of the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), so-called stem cells, in several diseases relies mostly on the substances they secrete, including their extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are an important component of cell communication and they carry a cargo that is similar to their parent cell. Cells respond differently based on their microenvironment, and so it is expected that the therapeutic potential of these vesicles can be modulated by the enrichment of their parent cell microenvironment. With this in mind, we conducted a systematic search for papers that preconditioned MSCs and collected their EVs to assess their potential to favor bone formation. The results showed different methods for MSC preconditioning, including chemical induction, culture conditions, and genetic modifications. All methods were able to improve the therapeutic effects of the derived EVs for bone formation. However, the heterogeneity among studies—regarding the type of cell, EV concentration, and scaffolds—made it difficult to compare fairly the types of preconditioning methods. In summary, the microenvironment greatly influences MSCs, and using preconditioning methods can potentially improve the therapeutic effects of their derived EVs in bone regeneration and other bone diseases. Abstract Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have long been used in research for bone regeneration, with evidence of their beneficial properties. In the segmental area of MSC-based therapies, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have also shown great therapeutic effects in several diseases, including bone healing. This study aimed to assess whether the conditioning of MSCs improves the therapeutic effects of their derived extracellular vesicles for bone regeneration. Electronic research was performed until February 2021 to recover the studies in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The studies were screened based on the inclusion criteria. Relevant information was extracted, including in vitro and in vivo experiments, and the animal studies were evaluated for risk of bias by the SYRCLE tool. A total of 463 studies were retrieved, and 18 studies met the inclusion criteria (10 studies for their in vitro analysis, and 8 studies for their in vitro and in vivo analysis). The conditioning methods reported included: osteogenic medium; dimethyloxalylglycine; dexamethasone; strontium-substituted calcium silicate; hypoxia; 3D mechanical microenvironment; and the overexpression of miR-375, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and mutant hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. The conditioning methods of MSCs in the reported studies generate exosomes able to significantly promote bone regeneration. However, heterogeneity regarding cell source, conditioning method, EV isolation and concentration, and defect model was observed among the studies. The different conditioning methods reported in this review do improve the therapeutic effects of MSC-derived EVs for bone regeneration, but they still need to be addressed in larger animal models for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Campos Hertel
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
| | - Aline Silvestrini da Silva
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
| | - Adriano de Paula Sabino
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Fabrício Luciani Valente
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
| | - Emily Correna Carlo Reis
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Insight in Hypoxia-Mimetic Agents as Potential Tools for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:8775591. [PMID: 35378955 PMCID: PMC8976669 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8775591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-mimetic agents are new potential tools in MSC priming instead of hypoxia incubators or chambers. Several pharmaceutical/chemical hypoxia-mimetic agents can be used to induce hypoxia in the tissues: deferoxamine (DFO), dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), cobalt chloride (CoCl2), and isoflurane (ISO). Hypoxia-mimetic agents can increase cell proliferation, preserve or enhance differentiation potential, increase migration potential, and induce neovascularization in a concentration- and stem cell source-dependent manner. Moreover, hypoxia-mimetic agents may increase HIF-1α, changing the metabolism and enhancing glycolysis like hypoxia. So, there is clear evidence that treatment with hypoxia-mimetic agents is beneficial in regenerative medicine, preserving stem cell capacities. These agents are not studied so wildly as hypoxia but, considering the low cost and ease of use, are believed to find application as pretreatment of many diseases such as ischemic heart disease and myocardial fibrosis and promote cardiac and cartilage regeneration. The knowledge of MSC priming is critical in evaluating safety procedures and use in clinics. In this review, similarities and differences between hypoxia and hypoxia-mimetic agents in terms of their therapeutic efficiency are considered in detail. The advantages, challenges, and future perspectives in MSC priming with hypoxia mimetic agents are also discussed.
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17
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Hu Z, Cao Y, Galan EA, Hao L, Zhao H, Tang J, Sang G, Wang H, Xu B, Ma S. Vascularized Tumor Spheroid-on-a-Chip Model Verifies Synergistic Vasoprotective and Chemotherapeutic Effects. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1215-1225. [PMID: 35167260 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylases (PHD) inhibitors have been observed to improve drug distribution in mice tumors via blood vessel normalization, increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy. These effects are yet to be demonstrated in human cell models. Tumor spheroids are three-dimensional cell clusters that have demonstrated great potential in drug evaluation for personalized medicine. Here, we used a perfusable vascularized tumor spheroid-on-a-chip to simulate the tumor microenvironment in vivo and demonstrated that the PHD inhibitor dimethylallyl glycine prevents the degradation of normal blood vessels while enhancing the efficacy of the anticancer drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin in human esophageal carcinoma (Eca-109) spheroids. Our results point to the potential of this model to evaluate anticancer drugs under more physiologically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Hu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuanxiong Cao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Edgar A Galan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liang Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haoran Zhao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiyuan Tang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gan Sang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hanqi Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
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18
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Alagesan S, Brady J, Byrnes D, Fandiño J, Masterson C, McCarthy S, Laffey J, O’Toole D. Enhancement strategies for mesenchymal stem cells and related therapies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:75. [PMID: 35189962 PMCID: PMC8860135 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02747-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem/stromal (MSC) therapy, has been investigated for a wide variety of disease indications, particularly those with inflammatory pathologies. However, recently it has become evident that the MSC is far from a panacea. In this review we will look at current and future strategies that might overcome limitations in efficacy. Many of these take their inspiration from stem cell niche and the mechanism of MSC action in response to the injury microenvironment, or from previous gene therapy work which can now benefit from the added longevity and targeting ability of a live cell vector. We will also explore the nascent field of extracellular vesicle therapy and how we are already seeing enhancement protocols for this exciting new drug. These enhanced MSCs will lead the way in more difficult to treat diseases and restore potency where donors or manufacturing practicalities lead to diminished MSC effect.
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19
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Salmina AB, Malinovskaya NA, Morgun AV, Khilazheva ED, Uspenskaya YA, Illarioshkin SN. Reproducibility of developmental neuroplasticity in in vitro brain tissue models. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:531-554. [PMID: 34983132 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current prevalence of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke and brain injury stimulates studies aimed to identify new molecular targets, to select the drug candidates, to complete the whole set of preclinical and clinical trials, and to implement new drugs into routine neurological practice. Establishment of protocols based on microfluidics, blood-brain barrier- or neurovascular unit-on-chip, and microphysiological systems allowed improving the barrier characteristics and analyzing the regulation of local microcirculation, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis. Reconstruction of key mechanisms of brain development and even some aspects of experience-driven brain plasticity would be helpful in the establishment of brain in vitro models with the highest degree of reliability. Activity, metabolic status and expression pattern of cells within the models can be effectively assessed with the protocols of system biology, cell imaging, and functional cell analysis. The next generation of in vitro models should demonstrate high scalability, 3D or 4D complexity, possibility to be combined with other tissues or cell types within the microphysiological systems, compatibility with bio-inks or extracellular matrix-like materials, achievement of adequate vascularization, patient-specific characteristics, and opportunity to provide high-content screening. In this review, we will focus on currently available and prospective brain tissue in vitro models suitable for experimental and preclinical studies with the special focus on models enabling 4D reconstruction of brain tissue for the assessment of brain development, brain plasticity, and drug kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla B Salmina
- Laboratory of Experimental Brain Cytology, Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoe Highway 80, Moscow, 125367, Russia.,Research Institute of Molecular Medicine & Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, P. Zhelenzyaka str., 1, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Natalia A Malinovskaya
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine & Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, P. Zhelenzyaka str., 1, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Andrey V Morgun
- Department of Ambulatory Pediatrics, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, P. Zheleznyaka str., 1, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Elena D Khilazheva
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine & Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, P. Zhelenzyaka str., 1, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Yulia A Uspenskaya
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine & Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, P. Zhelenzyaka str., 1, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Sergey N Illarioshkin
- Department of Brain Studies, Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoe Highway, 80, Moscow 125367, Russia
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20
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Amani S, Shahrooz R, Hobbenaghi R, Mohammadi R, Baradar Khoshfetrat A, Karimi A, Bakhtiari Z, Adcock IM, Mortaz E. Angiogenic effects of cell therapy within a biomaterial scaffold in a rat hind limb ischemia model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20545. [PMID: 34654868 PMCID: PMC8519994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a life- and limb-threatening condition affecting 1-10% of humans worldwide with peripheral arterial disease. Cellular therapies, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used for the treatment of CLI. However, little information is available regarding the angiogenic potency of MSCs and mast cells (MC) in angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of MCs and MSCs to induce angiogenesis in a rat model of ischemic hind limb injury on a background of a tissue engineered hydrogel scaffold. Thirty rats were randomly divided into six control and experimental groups as follows: (a) Control healthy (b) Ischemic positive control with right femoral artery transection, (c) ischemia with hydrogel scaffold, (d) ischemia with hydrogel plus MSC, (e) ischemia with hydrogel plus MC and (f) ischemia with hydrogel plus MSC and MCs. 106 of each cell type, isolated from bone marrow stroma, was injected into the transected artery used to induce hind limb ischemia. The other hind limb served as a non-ischemic control. After 14 days, capillary density, vascular diameter, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry at the transected location and in gastrocnemius muscles were evaluated. Capillary density and number of blood vessels in the region of the femoral artery transection in animals receiving MSCs and MCs was increased compared to control groups (P < 0.05). Generally the effect of MCs and MSCs was similar although the combined MC/MSC therapy resulted in a reduced, rather than enhanced, effect. In the gastrocnemius muscle, immunohistochemical and histomorphometric observation showed a great ratio of capillaries to muscle fibers in all the cell-receiving groups (P < 0.05). The data indicates that the combination of hydrogel and cell therapy generates a greater angiogenic potential at the ischemic site than cell therapy or hydrogels alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeede Amani
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Shahrooz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Rahim Hobbenaghi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rahim Mohammadi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Ali Karimi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Bakhtiari
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Esmaeil Mortaz
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Modifying strategies for SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction during mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 70:1-10. [PMID: 34510332 PMCID: PMC8732940 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-021-01696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is regarded as a promising candidate for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. The major hurdles for successful clinical translation of MSC therapy are poor survival, retention, and engraftment in the infarcted heart. Stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine receptor 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) constitutes one of the most efficient chemokine/chemokine receptor pairs regarding cell homing. In this review, we mainly focused on previous studies on how to regulate the SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction through various priming strategies to maximize the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on ischaemic hearts or to facilitate the required effects. The strengthened measures for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation included the combination of chemokines and cytokines, hormones and drugs, biomaterials, gene engineering, and hypoxia. The priming strategies on recipients for stem cell transplantation included ischaemic conditioning and device techniques.
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22
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Opportunities and Challenges in Stem Cell Aging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1341:143-175. [PMID: 33748933 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Studying aging, as a physiological process that can cause various pathological phenotypes, has attracted lots of attention due to its increasing burden and prevalence. Therefore, understanding its mechanism to find novel therapeutic alternatives for age-related disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases is essential. Stem cell senescence plays an important role in aging. In the context of the underlying pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic and genetic alterations, and other mechanisms have been studied and as a consequence, several rejuvenation strategies targeting these mechanisms like pharmaceutical interventions, genetic modification, and cellular reprogramming have been proposed. On the other hand, since stem cells have great potential for disease modeling, they have been useful for representing aging and its associated disorders. Accordingly, the main mechanisms of senescence in stem cells and promising ways of rejuvenation, along with some examples of stem cell models for aging are introduced and discussed. This review aims to prepare a comprehensive summary of the findings by focusing on the most recent ones to shine a light on this area of research.
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23
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Gala D, Mohak S, Fábián Z. Extracellular Vehicles of Oxygen-Depleted Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Route to Off-Shelf Cellular Therapeutics? Cells 2021; 10:cells10092199. [PMID: 34571848 PMCID: PMC8465344 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular therapy is a promising tool of human medicine to successfully treat complex and challenging pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases or chronic inflammatory conditions. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are in the limelight of these efforts, initially, trying to exploit their natural properties by direct transplantation. Extensive research on the therapeutic use of BMSCs shed light on a number of key aspects of BMSC physiology including the importance of oxygen in the control of BMSC phenotype. These efforts also led to a growing number of evidence indicating that the beneficial therapeutic effects of BMSCs can be mediated by BMSC-secreted agents. Further investigations revealed that BMSC-excreted extracellular vesicles could mediate the potentially therapeutic effects of BMSCs. Here, we review our current understanding of the relationship between low oxygen conditions and the effects of BMSC-secreted extracellular vesicles focusing on the possible medical relevance of this interplay.
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24
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Sabzevari R, Mohammadi Roushandeh A, Alijani-Ghazyani Z, Jahanian-Najafabadi A, Habibi Roudkenar M. SA/G hydrogel containing NRF2-engineered HEK-293-derived CM improves wound healing efficacy of WJ-MSCs in a rat model of excision injury. J Tissue Viability 2021; 30:527-536. [PMID: 34366213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Skin wounds are a major public health issue due to the lack of real effective remedies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as a promising therapeutic strategy for wound injuries; however, low survival rate following transplantation limited their application. In an attempt to introduce a novel potential wound dressing and improve wound healing properties, the current study was conducted. MATERIAL AND METHODS we prepared conditioned medium (CM) harvested from HEK-293 cells overexpressing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of antioxidant genes expression. Then, the CM was loaded in a biodegradable hydrogel. Next, in an animal model of full-thickness excision wound, wharton's jelly derived-mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were transplanted at the margins of the wound followed by application of the hydrogel on injury site. Finally, wound healing characteristics were evaluated by proper methods. RESULTS Our findings revealed that, the NRF2-CM protected the WJ-MSCs against H2O2-induced toxicity in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo results showed that, SA/G hydrogel containing NRF2-CM significantly (P < 0.01) promoted WJ-MSCs survival, increased angiogenesis, accelerated wound contraction, and promoted wound healing compared to other groups. CONCLUSION Though further preclinical and clinical studies regarding mechanisms behind the protection and also safety of the strategy are needed, our findings strongly suggest that the prepared wound dressing enhanced the efficacy of therapeutic potential of WJ-MSCs by providing an enriched/antioxidant niche support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Sabzevari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Medicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Alijani-Ghazyani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Jahanian-Najafabadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Medicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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25
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Beliën H, Evens L, Hendrikx M, Bito V, Bronckaers A. Combining stem cells in myocardial infarction: The road to superior repair? Med Res Rev 2021; 42:343-373. [PMID: 34114238 DOI: 10.1002/med.21839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction irreversibly destroys millions of cardiomyocytes in the ventricle, making it the leading cause of heart failure worldwide. Over the past two decades, many progenitor and stem cell types were proposed as the ideal candidate to regenerate the heart after injury. The potential of stem cell therapy has been investigated thoroughly in animal and human studies, aiming at cardiac repair by true tissue replacement, by immune modulation, or by the secretion of paracrine factors that stimulate endogenous repair processes. Despite some successful results in animal models, the outcome from clinical trials remains overall disappointing, largely due to the limited stem cell survival and retention after transplantation. Extensive interest was developed regarding the combinational use of stem cells and various priming strategies to improve the efficacy of regenerative cell therapy. In this review, we provide a critical discussion of the different stem cell types investigated in preclinical and clinical studies in the field of cardiac repair. Moreover, we give an update on the potential of stem cell combinations as well as preconditioning and explore the future promises of these novel regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Beliën
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lize Evens
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marc Hendrikx
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Virginie Bito
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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26
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Ghodrat S, Hoseini SJ, Asadpour S, Nazarnezhad S, Alizadeh Eghtedar F, Kargozar S. Stem cell-based therapies for cardiac diseases: The critical role of angiogenic exosomes. Biofactors 2021; 47:270-291. [PMID: 33606893 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Finding effective treatments for cardiac diseases is among the hottest subjects in medicine; cell-based therapies have brought great promises for managing a broad range of life-threatening heart complications such as myocardial infarction. After clarifying the critical role of angiogenesis in tissue repair and regeneration, various stem/progenitor cell were utilized to accelerate the healing of injured cardiac tissue. Embryonic, fetal, adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells have shown the appropriate proangiogenic potential for tissue repair strategies. The capability of stem cells for differentiating into endothelial lineages was initially introduced as the primary mechanism involved in improving angiogenesis and accelerated heart tissue repair. However, recent studies have demonstrated the leading role of paracrine factors secreted by stem cells in advancing neo-vessel formation. Genetically modified stem cells are also being applied for promoting angiogenesis regarding their ability to considerably overexpress and secrete angiogenic bioactive molecules. Yet, conducting further research seems necessary to precisely identify molecular mechanisms behind the proangiogenic potential of stem cells, including the signaling pathways and regulatory molecules such as microRNAs. In conclusion, stem cells' pivotal roles in promoting angiogenesis and consequent improved cardiac healing and remodeling processes should not be ignored, especially in the case of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghodrat
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shiva Asadpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Simin Nazarnezhad
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fariba Alizadeh Eghtedar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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27
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Karbasiafshar C, Sellke FW, Abid MR. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the failing heart: past, present, and future. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1999-H2010. [PMID: 33861149 PMCID: PMC8163643 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00951.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. Current treatment options include lifestyle changes, medication, and surgical intervention. However, many patients are unsuitable candidates for surgeries due to comorbidities, diffuse coronary artery disease, or advanced stages of heart failure. The search for new treatment options has recently transitioned from cell-based therapies to stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). A number of challenges remain in the EV field, including the effect of comorbidities, characterization, and delivery. However, recent revolutionary developments and insight into the potential of personalizing EV contents by bioengineering methods to alter specific signaling pathways in the ischemic myocardium hold promise. Here, we discuss the past limitations of cell-based therapies and recent EV studies involving in vivo, in vitro, and omics, and future challenges and opportunities in EV-based treatments in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - M Ruhul Abid
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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28
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Costa MHG, Serra J, McDevitt TC, Cabral JMS, da Silva CL, Ferreira FC. Dimethyloxalylglycine, a small molecule, synergistically increases the homing and angiogenic properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells when cultured as 3D spheroids. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000389. [PMID: 33471965 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Strategies aiming at increasing the survival and paracrine activity of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are of utmost importance to achieve the full therapeutic potential of these cells. Herein, we propose both physical and biochemical strategies to enhance the survival, homing, angiogenic, and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs in vitro. To that purpose, we compared the effect of exposing either 2D monolayer or 3D spheroids of MSCs to (i) hypoxia (2% O2 ) or to (ii) a hypoxic-mimetic small molecule, dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), with cells cultured at 21% O2 . 3D-cultured MSC spheroids evidenced higher survival upon exposure to oxidative stress and expressed higher levels of factors involved in tissue repair processes, namely tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor. MSCs cultured as 3D spheroids and further exposed to hypoxia or hypoxic-mimetic conditions provided by DMOG synergistically favored the expression of the cell surface marker C-X-C chemokine receptor type-4, involved in homing processes to injured tissues, and adhesion to extracellular matrix components as fibronectin. These results highlight the role of ex vivo preconditioning approaches, presenting a novel strategy that combine biochemical stimuli with 3D spheroid organization of MSCs to maximize their tissue regeneration potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta H G Costa
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Serra
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Todd C McDevitt
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Frederico Castelo Ferreira
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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29
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DeFrates KG, Franco D, Heber-Katz E, Messersmith PB. Unlocking mammalian regeneration through hypoxia inducible factor one alpha signaling. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120646. [PMID: 33493769 PMCID: PMC8279430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the field of regenerative medicine has aimed to heal damaged tissue through the use of biomaterials scaffolds or delivery of foreign progenitor cells. Despite 30 years of research, however, translation and commercialization of these techniques has been limited. To enable mammalian regeneration, a more practical approach may instead be to develop therapies that evoke endogenous processes reminiscent of those seen in innate regenerators. Recently, investigations into tadpole tail regrowth, zebrafish limb restoration, and the super-healing Murphy Roths Large (MRL) mouse strain, have identified ancient oxygen-sensing pathways as a possible target to achieve this goal. Specifically, upregulation of the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor one alpha (HIF-1α) has been shown to modulate cell metabolism and plasticity, as well as inflammation and tissue remodeling, possibly priming injuries for regeneration. Since HIF-1α signaling is conserved across species, environmental or pharmacological manipulation of oxygen-dependent pathways may elicit a regenerative response in non-healing mammals. In this review, we will explore the emerging role of HIF-1α in mammalian healing and regeneration, as well as attempts to modulate protein stability through hyperbaric oxygen treatment, intermittent hypoxia therapy, and pharmacological targeting. We believe that these therapies could breathe new life into the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey G DeFrates
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Daniela Franco
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Ellen Heber-Katz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
| | - Phillip B Messersmith
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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30
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Shi W, Xin Q, Yuan R, Yuan Y, Cong W, Chen K. Neovascularization: The Main Mechanism of MSCs in Ischemic Heart Disease Therapy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:633300. [PMID: 33575274 PMCID: PMC7870695 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.633300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation after myocardial infarction (MI) has been shown to effectively limit the infarct area in numerous clinical and preclinical studies. However, the primary mechanism associated with this activity in MSC transplantation therapy remains unclear. Blood supply is fundamental for the survival of myocardial tissue, and the formation of an efficient vascular network is a prerequisite for blood flow. The paracrine function of MSCs, which is throughout the neovascularization process, including MSC mobilization, migration, homing, adhesion and retention, regulates angiogenesis and vasculogenesis through existing endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Additionally, MSCs have the ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages and can be mobilized and migrate to ischemic tissue to differentiate into ECs, pericytes and smooth muscle cells in some degree, which are necessary components of blood vessels. These characteristics of MSCs support the view that these cells improve ischemic myocardium through angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. In this review, the results of recent clinical and preclinical studies are discussed to illustrate the processes and mechanisms of neovascularization in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Shi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Xin
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Yuan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Yuan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Cong
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Keji Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
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31
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Bui TVA, Hwang JW, Lee JH, Park HJ, Ban K. Challenges and Limitations of Strategies to Promote Therapeutic Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cell-Based Cardiac Repair. Korean Circ J 2021; 51:97-113. [PMID: 33525065 PMCID: PMC7853896 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2020.0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a population of adult stem cells residing in many tissues, mainly bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord. Due to the safety and availability of standard procedures and protocols for isolation, culturing, and characterization of these cells, MSCs have emerged as one of the most promising sources for cell-based cardiac regenerative therapy. Once transplanted into a damaged heart, MSCs release paracrine factors that nurture the injured area, prevent further adverse cardiac remodeling, and mediate tissue repair along with vasculature. Numerous preclinical studies applying MSCs have provided significant benefits following myocardial infarction. Despite promising results from preclinical studies using animal models, MSCs are not up to the mark for human clinical trials. As a result, various approaches have been considered to promote the therapeutic potency of MSCs, such as genetic engineering, physical treatments, growth factor, and pharmacological agents. Each strategy has targeted one or multi-potentials of MSCs. In this review, we will describe diverse approaches that have been developed to promote the therapeutic potential of MSCs for cardiac regenerative therapy. Particularly, we will discuss major characteristics of individual strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy of MSCs including scientific principles, advantages, limitations, and improving factors. This article also will briefly introduce recent novel approaches that MSCs enhanced therapeutic potentials of other cells for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Van Anh Bui
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ji Won Hwang
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hun Jun Park
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Cell Death Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kiwon Ban
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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32
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Khanna A, Indracanti N, Chakrabarti R, Indraganti PK. Short-term ex-vivo exposure to hydrogen sulfide enhances murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell migration, homing, and proliferation. Cell Adh Migr 2020; 14:214-226. [PMID: 33135550 PMCID: PMC7671055 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2020.1842131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For successful transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem cells (HSCs), it is quite necessary that efficient homing, engraftment and retention of HSC self-renewal capacity takes place, which is often restricted due to inadequate number of adult HSCs. Here, we report that short-term ex-vivo treatment of mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide (NaHS, hydrogen sulfide-H2S donor) can be used as a possible strategy to overcome such hurdle. H2S increases the expression of CXCR4 on HSPCs, enhancing their migration toward SDF-1α in-vitro and thus homing to BM niche. . Additionally, in-vitro studies revealed that H2S has a role in activating mitochondria, thus, pushing quiescent HSCs into division. These results suggest a readily available and cost-effective method to facilitate efficient HSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoushka Khanna
- Drug Repurposing and Translational Research Lab, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Delhi, India
- Aqua Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Namita Indracanti
- Drug Repurposing and Translational Research Lab, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Delhi, India
| | - Rina Chakrabarti
- Aqua Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prem Kumar Indraganti
- Drug Repurposing and Translational Research Lab, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Delhi, India
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33
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Chen C, Lou Y, Li XY, Lv ZT, Zhang LQ, Mao W. Mapping current research and identifying hotspots on mesenchymal stem cells in cardiovascular disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:498. [PMID: 33239082 PMCID: PMC7687818 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have important research value and broad application prospects in the cardiovascular disease. This study provides information on the latest progress, evolutionary path, frontier research hotspots, and future research developmental trends in this field. METHODS A knowledge map was generated by CiteSpace and VOSviewer analysis software based on data obtained from the literature on MSCs in the cardiovascular field. RESULTS The USA and China ranked at the top in terms of the percentage of articles, accounting for 34.306% and 28.550%, respectively. The institution with the highest number of research publications in this field was the University of Miami, followed by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Harvard University. The research institution with the highest ACI value was Harvard University, followed by the Mayo Clinic and the University of Cincinnati. The top three subjects in terms of the number of published articles were cell biology, cardiovascular system cardiology, and research experimental medicine. The journal with the most publications in this field was Circulation Research, followed by Scientific Reports and Biomaterials. The direction of research on MSCs in the cardiovascular system was divided into four parts: (1) tissue engineering, scaffolds, and extracellular matrix research; (2) cell transplantation, differentiation, proliferation, and signal transduction pathway research; (3) assessment of the efficacy of stem cells from different sources and administration methods in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy, and heart failure; and (4) exosomes and extracellular vesicles research. Tissue research is the hotspot and frontier in this field. CONCLUSION MSC research has presented a gradual upward trend in the cardiovascular field. Multidisciplinary intersection is a characteristic of this field. Engineering and materials disciplines are particularly valued and have received attention from researchers. The progress in multidisciplinary research will provide motivation and technical support for the development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Chen
- Hangzhou Xiaoshan district Hospital of TCM, Jiangnan Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311201, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yang Lou
- The first Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Yi Li
- The first Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng-Tian Lv
- The first Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu-Qiu Zhang
- The first Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Mao
- The first Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311006, Zhejiang, China.
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34
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Stem Cell Metabolism: Powering Cell-Based Therapeutics. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112490. [PMID: 33207756 PMCID: PMC7696341 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapeutics for cardiac repair have been extensively used during the last decade. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of adoptively transferred stem cells for enhancement of cardiac function. Nevertheless, several cell-based clinical trials have provided largely underwhelming outcomes. A major limitation is the lack of survival in the harsh cardiac milieu as only less than 1% donated cells survive. Recent efforts have focused on enhancing cell-based therapeutics and understanding the biology of stem cells and their response to environmental changes. Stem cell metabolism has recently emerged as a critical determinant of cellular processes and is uniquely adapted to support proliferation, stemness, and commitment. Metabolic signaling pathways are remarkably sensitive to different environmental signals with a profound effect on cell survival after adoptive transfer. Stem cells mainly generate energy through glycolysis while maintaining low oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), providing metabolites for biosynthesis of macromolecules. During commitment, there is a shift in cellular metabolism, which alters cell function. Reprogramming stem cell metabolism may represent an attractive strategy to enhance stem cell therapy for cardiac repair. This review summarizes the current literature on how metabolism drives stem cell function and how this knowledge can be applied to improve cell-based therapeutics for cardiac repair.
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35
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Preconditioned and Genetically Modified Stem Cells for Myocardial Infarction Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197301. [PMID: 33023264 PMCID: PMC7582407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction remain leading causes of mortality worldwide. Existing myocardial infarction treatments are incapable of fully repairing and regenerating the infarcted myocardium. Stem cell transplantation therapy has demonstrated promising results in improving heart function following myocardial infarction. However, poor cell survival and low engraftment at the harsh and hostile environment at the site of infarction limit the regeneration potential of stem cells. Preconditioning with various physical and chemical factors, as well as genetic modification and cellular reprogramming, are strategies that could potentially optimize stem cell transplantation therapy for clinical application. In this review, we discuss the most up-to-date findings related to utilizing preconditioned stem cells for myocardial infarction treatment, focusing mainly on preconditioning with hypoxia, growth factors, drugs, and biological agents. Furthermore, genetic manipulations on stem cells, such as the overexpression of specific proteins, regulation of microRNAs, and cellular reprogramming to improve their efficiency in myocardial infarction treatment, are discussed as well.
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Lee HK, Kim HS, Pyo M, Park EJ, Jang S, Jun HW, Lee TY, Kim KS, Bae SC, Kim Y, Hong JT, Yun J, Han SB. Phorbol ester activates human mesenchymal stem cells to inhibit B cells and ameliorate lupus symptoms in MRL. Fas lpr mice. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:10186-10199. [PMID: 32929342 PMCID: PMC7481409 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody production by hyper-activated B cells. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorate lupus symptoms by inhibiting T cells, whether they inhibit B cells has been controversial. Here we address this issue and reveal how to prime MSCs to inhibit B cells and improve the efficacy of MSCs in SLE. Methods: We examined the effect of MSCs on purified B cells in vitro and the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in lupus-prone MRL.Faslpr mice. We screened chemicals for their ability to activate MSCs to inhibit B cells. Results: Mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs inhibited mouse B cells in a CXCL12-dependent manner, whereas human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hMSCs) did not inhibit human B (hB) cells. We used a chemical approach to overcome this hurdle and found that phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, and ingenol-3-angelate rendered hMSCs capable of inhibiting IgM production by hB cells. As to the mechanism, PMA-primed hMSCs attracted hB cells in a CXCL10-dependent manner and induced hB cell apoptosis in a PD-L1-dependent manner. Finally, we showed that PMA-primed hMSCs were better than naïve hMSCs at ameliorating SLE progression in MRL.Faslpr mice. Conclusion: Taken together, our data demonstrate that phorbol esters might be good tool compounds to activate MSCs to inhibit B cells and suggest that our chemical approach might allow for improvements in the therapeutic efficacy of hMSCs in SLE.
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Hung HS, Hsu SH. Surface Modification by Nanobiomaterials for Vascular Tissue Engineering Applications. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1634-1646. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180914104633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of cardiovascular disease has achieved great success using artificial implants,
particularly synthetic-polymer made grafts. However, thrombus formation and
restenosis are the current clinical problems need to be conquered. New biomaterials, modifying
the surface of synthetic vascular grafts, have been created to improve long-term patency
for the better hemocompatibility. The vascular biomaterials can be fabricated from synthetic
or natural polymers for vascular tissue engineering. Stem cells can be seeded by different
techniques into tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vitro and implanted in vivo to repair the
vascular tissues. To overcome the thrombogenesis and promote the endothelialization
effect, vascular biomaterials employing nanotopography are more bio-mimic to the native tissue
made and have been engineered by various approaches such as prepared as a simple surface
coating on the vascular biomaterials. It has now become an important and interesting
field to find novel approaches to better endothelization of vascular biomaterials. In this article,
we focus to review the techniques with better potential improving endothelization and summarize
for vascular biomaterial application. This review article will enable the development
of biomaterials with a high degree of originality, innovative research on novel techniques for
surface fabrication for vascular biomaterials application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, China
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, China
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Kim SM, Li Q, An JH, Chae HK, Yang JI, Ryu MO, Nam A, Song WJ, Youn HY. Enhanced angiogenic activity of dimethyloxalylglycine-treated canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1663-1670. [PMID: 31582601 PMCID: PMC6895634 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The paracrine function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during transplantation has been recently studied due to its poor differentiation ratio. Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) has been used to
promote angiogenesis in experimental animal models, however, comparable approaches for canine MSCs are not sufficient. In the present study, we assessed whether DMOG improves angiogenesis in
canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAT-MSCs). cAT-MSCs were treated with DMOG and their effect on angiogenesis was investigated by cell proliferation assay, western
blotting, and tube formation assay. Dimethyloxalylglycine preconditioning enhanced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) among pro-angiogenic factors in cAT-MSCs via
hypoxia-inducible factor-1α stabilization. Dimethyloxalylglycine primed-cAT-MSC-conditioned media increased angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These results suggest that
DMOG conditioning of cAT-MSCs augmented the secretion of VEGF, which acted as a prominent pro-angiogenic factor during angiogenesis. DMOG-primed cAT-MSCs may have the potential to induce
beneficial effects in ischemic diseases in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Min Kim
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kyu Chae
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-In Yang
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ok Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Aryung Nam
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Noronha NDC, Mizukami A, Caliári-Oliveira C, Cominal JG, Rocha JLM, Covas DT, Swiech K, Malmegrim KCR. Priming approaches to improve the efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:131. [PMID: 31046833 PMCID: PMC6498654 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been widely explored for cell-based therapy of immune-mediated, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases, due to their immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory, and regenerative potentials. Preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results although these have been somewhat limited. Aspects such as low in vivo MSC survival in inhospitable disease microenvironments, requirements for ex vivo cell overexpansion prior to infusions, intrinsic differences between MSC and different sources and donors, variability of culturing protocols, and potency assays to evaluate MSC products have been described as limitations in the field. In recent years, priming approaches to empower MSC have been investigated, thereby generating cellular products with improved potential for different clinical applications. Herein, we review the current priming approaches that aim to increase MSC therapeutic efficacy. Priming with cytokines and growth factors, hypoxia, pharmacological drugs, biomaterials, and different culture conditions, as well as other diverse molecules, are revised from current and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia de Cássia Noronha
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program on Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Amanda Mizukami
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Juçara Gastaldi Cominal
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program on Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - José Lucas M Rocha
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program on Basic and Applied Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kelen C R Malmegrim
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. .,Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14010-903, Brazil.
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Exosomal miR-301 derived from mesenchymal stem cells protects myocardial infarction by inhibiting myocardial autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:323-328. [PMID: 31036323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the protective effects of miR-301 in exosomes secreted by bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on rats' myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS After isolation and culture, BMSCs were identified using flow cytometry. Then exosomes were then isolated. Rats MI models were established and they were divided into 4 groups: Sham group, Model group (injected with PBS), BMSC-Exos group (injected with exosomes secreted by BMSCs), BMSC-301-Exos group (injected with exosomes secreted by BMSCs transfected with miR-301 mimics). Cardiac function was assessed by cardiac echocardiography. Myocardial infarct area was measured by Masson trichrome staining mRNA and proteins expression were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. Exosome morphology and myocardial cells autophagy were observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS BMSCs were obtained. Rat MI models were successfully established. After rats were injected with exosomes secreted by BMSCs transfected with miR-301 mimics, MI tissues were found to have much higher miR-301 expression, LVEF, LVFS, P62 expression, and remarkably lower LVESD, LVEDD, MI area, LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and autophagosomes numbers compared with BMSC-Exos group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION miR-301 in exosomes secreted by BMSCs protected MI by inhibiting myocardial autophagy.
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Crifo B, Schaible B, Brown E, Halligan DN, Scholz CC, Fitzpatrick SF, Kirwan A, Roche HM, Criscuoli M, Naldini A, Giffney H, Crean D, Blanco A, Cavadas MA, Cummins EP, Fabian Z, Taylor CT. Hydroxylase Inhibition Selectively Induces Cell Death in Monocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1521-1530. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Janjić K, Bauer P, Edelmayer M, Cvikl B, Schädl B, Moritz A, Agis H. Angiogenin production in response to hypoxia and l-mimosine in periodontal fibroblasts. J Periodontol 2019; 90:674-681. [PMID: 30549272 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major mediator of angiogenesis is angiogenin, which is expressed in the early phase of healing in oral tissue engineering strategies. It is unclear how angiogenin is regulated in the periodontal tissue. The objective of this study was to reveal the regulation of angiogenin in response to hypoxia and the hypoxia mimetic agent l-mimosine in periodontal fibroblasts. METHODS Human fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament (PDLF) and the gingiva (GF) in monolayer and spheroid cultures were exposed to hypoxia or l-mimosine. The production of angiogenin was evaluated at mRNA and protein levels with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Echinomycin, an inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 activity, was used to test the involvement of HIF-1. RESULTS Our data show that hypoxia and l-mimosine can increase angiogenin mRNA and protein levels in PDLF monolayer cultures. In GF monolayer cultures, we found an increase of angiogenin at the mRNA level in response to hypoxia. The increase of angiogenin can be blocked by inhibition of HIF-1 signaling via echinomycin. In PDLF and GF spheroid cultures, the impact of hypoxia and l-mimosine did not reach the level of significance. CONCLUSION Hypoxia and the hypoxia mimetic agent l-mimosine can increase the production of angiogenin via HIF-1 signaling in PDLF monolayer cultures but not in spheroid cultures. GF were less sensitive to the impact of hypoxia and l-mimosine. Overall, these results suggest a link between hypoxia, HIF-1 signaling and angiogenin in the periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Janjić
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Bauer
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Edelmayer
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Cvikl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schädl
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Agis
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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Functionally Improved Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Better Treat Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:7045245. [PMID: 30622568 PMCID: PMC6286742 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7045245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is considered a promising approach and has made significant progress in preclinical studies and clinical trials for treating MI. However, hurdles including poor survival, retention, homing, and differentiation capacity largely limit the therapeutic effect of transplanted MSCs. Many strategies such as preconditioning, genetic modification, cotransplantation with bioactive factors, and tissue engineering were developed to improve the survival and function of MSCs. On the other hand, optimizing the hostile transplantation microenvironment of the host myocardium is also of importance. Here, we review the modifications of MSCs as well as the host myocardium to improve the efficacy of MSC-based therapy against MI.
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Mesenchymal stem cells preconditioned by staphylococcal enterotoxin B enhance survival and bacterial clearance in murine sepsis model. Cytotherapy 2018; 21:41-53. [PMID: 30477894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis, a health-threatening progressive infectious disease, is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cell therapy using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an innovative strategy with excessive therapeutic potential in the treatment of sepsis. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) preconditioning aims to prolong the interval of survival of transplanted MSCs which induces the production of cytoprotective agents, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory factors. The MSCs were preconditioned with an optimum dose of SEB (470 μmol/L). The expression levels of apoptosis genes and antibacterial activity of MSC and SEB-MSC and their conditioned medium (CM), as well as cell survival, were studied in vitro in an oxidative stress and serum deprivation condition. Following treatment of the septic mice with MSCs and SEB-MSCs, pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, hematological factors, bacterial clearance and animal survival were assessed. The apoptotic and pro-inflammatory cytokine's genes expression was down-regulated while antibacterial peptides and anti-inflammatory cytokines were up-regulated in SEB-MSC-treated mice. The animal survival rates were improved; bacterial clearance was enhanced in the peritoneal fluids, blood and organs; aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were reduced in blood, compared with saline and MSCs alone. This research concludes that transplantation of SEB-MSCs presents improved therapeutic effects on a live bacterial model of sepsis.
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Saeedi P, Halabian R, Fooladi AAI. Antimicrobial effects of mesenchymal stem cells primed by modified LPS on bacterial clearance in sepsis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4970-4986. [PMID: 30216449 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based regenerative therapy is now considered as an alternative approach to revive infectious diseases, including sepsis. Nevertheless, the efficiency of MSC application is limited by the poor survival rate of engrafted MSCs. Hence, preconditioning was established as a strategy to increase the cells' efficiency. METHODS MSCs were preconditioned with 1 μg/ml of three different lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) of Pseudomonas (Pse-LPS), Acinetobacter (Ac-LPS), and Acinetobacter inactivated lipid A by PagL (Ac-LPS-PagL). Then, preconditioned MSCs were exposed to oxidative stress and serum deprivation followed by evaluation of the antibacterial activity, survival, and apoptosis of MSCs. Then, the murine sepsis model treated with 100 μl phosphate-buffered saline (control group, sepsis group), 100 μl of 1 × 10 6 wild MSCs (MSC group), and three remained groups received 100 μl of 1 × 10 6 LPS-preconditioned MSCs (Pse-LPS-MSCs group: LPS purified from Pseudomonas, or Ac-LPS-MSCs group: LPS purified from Acinetobacter, and Ac-PagL-LPS-MSCs group: detoxified LPS Pagl). RESULTS After 4 days, LPS-preconditioned MSC transplantation modulated the immune response and reduced inflammation in septic mice. Apoptosis of Pse-LPS/Ac-LPS-preconditioned-MSCs was obviously reduced in vitro, and the survival rate of engrafted mice was evidently elevated in Pse-LPS-MSCs and Ac-LPS-MSCs groups compared with other three groups. CONCLUSION LPS preconditioning provides an innovative strategy for evolving functional and biological properties of MSCs and ameliorates the survival rate of the mouse model of sepsis after MSC transplantation, protects cells from apoptosis and organ damages, and evaluates therapeutic properties, including immunemodulatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Saeedi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Transplanted interleukin-4--secreting mesenchymal stromal cells show extended survival and increased bone mineral density in the murine femur. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1028-1036. [PMID: 30077567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has great potential to modulate chronic inflammation and enhance tissue regeneration. Crosstalk between MSC-lineage cells and polarized macrophages is critical for bone formation and remodeling in inflammatory bone diseases. However, the translational application of this interaction is limited by the short-term viability of MSCs after cell transplantation. METHODS Three types of genetically modified (GM) MSCs were created: (1) luciferase-expressing reporter MSCs; (2) MSCs that secrete interleukin (IL)-4 either constitutively; and (3) MSCs that secrete IL-4 as a response to nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NFκB) activation. Cells were injected into the murine distal femoral bone marrow cavity. MSC viability and bone formation were examined in vivo. Cytokine secretion was determined in a femoral explant organ culture model. RESULTS The reporter MSCs survived up to 4 weeks post-implantation. No difference in the number of viable cells was found between high (2.5 × 106) and low (0.5 × 106) cell-injected groups. Injection of 2.5 × 106 reporter MSCs increased local bone mineral density at 4 weeks post-implantation. Injection of 0.5 × 106 constitutive IL-4 or NFκB-sensing IL-4-secreting MSCs increased bone mineral density at 2 weeks post-implantation. In the femoral explant organ culture model, LPS treatment induced IL-4 secretion in the NFκB-sensing IL-4-secreting MSC group and IL-10 secretion in all the femur samples. No significant differences in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and IL-1β secretion were observed between the MSC-transplanted and control groups in the explant culture. DISCUSSION Transplanted GM MSCs demonstrated prolonged cell viability when transplanted to a compatible niche within the bone marrow cavity. GM IL-4-secreting MSCs may have great potential to enhance bone regeneration in disorders associated with chronic inflammation.
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Rafat A, Mohammadi Roushandeh A, Alizadeh A, Hashemi-Firouzi N, Golipoor Z. Comparison of The Melatonin Preconditioning Efficacy between Bone Marrow and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:450-458. [PMID: 30123990 PMCID: PMC6099139 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from various sources have the potentials to positively affect regenerative medicine. Furthermore, pre-conditioning strategies with different agents could improve the efficacy of cell therapy. This study compares the effects of an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, melatonin, on protection of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs). Materials and Methods In this experimental study, rat BMSCs and ADSCs were isolated and expanded. Pre-conditioning was performed with 5 μM melatonin for 24 hours. Cell proliferation and viability were detected by MTT assay. Expression of BAX, BCL2, melatonin receptors and osteocalcin genes were evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Also, apoptosis was detected with tunnel assay. Osteogenic differentiation was analyzed using alizarin red staining. Results No significant increase was found in cell viability between BMSCs and ADSCs after melatonin preconditioning. Following melatonin preconditioning, BAX expression was significantly down-regulated in both ADSCs and BMSCs (P<0.05), with the difference being more significant in ADSCs compared to BMSCs. BCL2 expression was increased significantly in both cell types after preconditioning. Metalothionine 1 and Metalothionine 2 were both upregulated significantly in the two cell types (P<0.05). Melatonin increased osteogenesis capability through increasing osteocalcin expression. However, expression of osteocalcin in BMSCs before and after preconditioning was higher than that in ADSCs. On the other hand, melatonin expression in ADSCs was in higher levels than in BMSCs. Melatonin also improved alizarin red concentration significantly in both BMSCs and ADSCs (P<0.05). Alizarin red staining severity increased significantly in ADSCs after preconditioning compared to BMSCs (P<0.05). Conclusion Here we have shown that the effects of preconditioning on melatonin expression in ADSCs are higher than those in BMSCs. These findings could be used in adoption of a proper preconditioning protocol based on the sources of MSCs in specific clinical applications, especially in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rafat
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medichal Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Zoleikha Golipoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Electronic Address:
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Wei ZZ, Zhu YB, Zhang JY, McCrary MR, Wang S, Zhang YB, Yu SP, Wei L. Priming of the Cells: Hypoxic Preconditioning for Stem Cell Therapy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:2361-2374. [PMID: 28937044 PMCID: PMC5634089 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.215324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Stem cell-based therapies are promising in regenerative medicine for protecting and repairing damaged brain tissues after injury or in the context of chronic diseases. Hypoxia can induce physiological and pathological responses. A hypoxic insult might act as a double-edged sword, it induces cell death and brain damage, but on the other hand, sublethal hypoxia can trigger an adaptation response called hypoxic preconditioning or hypoxic tolerance that is of immense importance for the survival of cells and tissues. Data Sources: This review was based on articles published in PubMed databases up to August 16, 2017, with the following keywords: “stem cells,” “hypoxic preconditioning,” “ischemic preconditioning,” and “cell transplantation.” Study Selection: Original articles and critical reviews on the topics were selected. Results: Hypoxic preconditioning has been investigated as a primary endogenous protective mechanism and possible treatment against ischemic injuries. Many cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of hypoxic preconditioning have been identified. Conclusions: In cell transplantation therapy, hypoxic pretreatment of stem cells and neural progenitors markedly increases the survival and regenerative capabilities of these cells in the host environment, leading to enhanced therapeutic effects in various disease models. Regenerative treatments can mobilize endogenous stem cells for neurogenesis and angiogenesis in the adult brain. Furthermore, transplantation of stem cells/neural progenitors achieves therapeutic benefits via cell replacement and/or increased trophic support. Combinatorial approaches of cell-based therapy with additional strategies such as neuroprotective protocols, anti-inflammatory treatment, and rehabilitation therapy can significantly improve therapeutic benefits. In this review, we will discuss the recent progress regarding cell types and applications in regenerative medicine as well as future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Z Wei
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Yan-Bing Zhu
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - James Y Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Myles R McCrary
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Song Wang
- Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Yong-Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shan-Ping Yu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Gupta N, Nizet V. Stabilization of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha Augments the Therapeutic Capacity of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Experimental Pneumonia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:131. [PMID: 29780805 PMCID: PMC5945808 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic effects in experimental models of lung injury. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a transcriptional regulator that influences cellular metabolism, energetics, and survival under hypoxic conditions. The current study investigated the effects of stabilizing HIF-1α on the therapeutic capacity of MSCs in an experimental mouse model of bacterial pneumonia. HIF-1α stabilization was achieved by the small molecule prolyl-hydroxlase inhibitor, AKB-4924 (Aerpio Therapeutics, Inc.), which blocks the pathway for HIF-1α degradation in the proteosome. In vitro, pre-treatment with AKB-4924 increased HIF-1α levels in MSCs, reduced the kinetics of their cell death when exposed to cytotoxic stimuli, and increased their antibacterial capacity. In vivo, AKB-4924 enhanced MSC therapeutic capacity in experimental pneumonia as quantified by a sustainable survival benefit, greater bacterial clearance from the lung, decreased lung injury, and reduced inflammatory indices. These results suggest that HIF-1α stabilization in MSCs, achieved ex vivo, may represent a promising approach to augment the therapeutic benefit of these cells in severe pneumonia complicated by acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Gupta
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Victor Nizet
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Hu C, Li L. Preconditioning influences mesenchymal stem cell properties in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1428-1442. [PMID: 29392844 PMCID: PMC5824372 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Various diseases and toxic factors easily impair cellular and organic functions in mammals. Organ transplantation is used to rescue organ function, but is limited by scarce resources. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy carries promising potential in regenerative medicine because of the self-renewal and multilineage potency of MSCs; however, MSCs may lose biological functions after isolation and cultivation for a long time in vitro. Moreover, after they are injected in vivo and migrate into the damaged tissues or organs, they encounter a harsh environment coupled with death signals due to the inadequate tensegrity structure between the cells and matrix. Preconditioning, genetic modification and optimization of MSC culture conditions are key strategies to improve MSC functions in vitro and in vivo, and all of these procedures will contribute to improving MSC transplantation efficacy in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Preconditioning with various physical, chemical and biological factors is possible to preserve the stemness of MSCs for further application in studies and clinical tests. In this review, we mainly focus on preconditioning and the corresponding mechanisms for improving MSC activities in vitro and in vivo; we provide a glimpse into the promotion of MSC-based cell therapy development for regenerative medicine. As a promising consequence, MSC transplantation can be applied for the treatment of some terminal diseases and can prolong the survival time of patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesSchool of MedicineFirst Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesSchool of MedicineFirst Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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