1
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Klaska IP, Yu T, Fordyce R, Kamoi K, Cornall RJ, Martin-Granados C, Kuffova L, Forrester JV. Targeted delivery of autoantigen to dendritic cells prevents development of spontaneous uveitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1227633. [PMID: 37727784 PMCID: PMC10505613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1227633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Restoration of immunological tolerance to self antigens has been a major drive in understanding the mechanisms of, and developing new treatments for, autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease. Sessile dendritic cells (DC) are considered the main instruments underpinning immunological tolerance particularly the CD205+ (DEC205+) cDC1 subset in contrast to DCIR2+ cDC2 which mediate immunogenicity. Targeting DC using autoantigen peptide-antibody fusion proteins has been a well explored methodology for inducing tolerance. Here we show that subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation of hen-egg lysozyme (HEL)-DEC205 Ig fusion prevents the development of spontaneous uveoretinitis (experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, EAU) in a transgenic mouse model generated by crossing interphotoreceptor retinol binding protein (IRBP)-HEL (sTg HEL) with HEL specific TCR (sTg TCR) mice. Prolonged suppression of EAU required injections of HEL-DEC205 Ig once weekly, reflecting the half life of s.c. DC. Interestingly, HEL-DCIR2 Ig also had a suppressive effect on development of EAU but less so than DEC205 Ig while it had minimal effect on preventing the retinal atrophy associated with EAU. In addition, HEL-DEC205 Ig was only effective when administered s.c. rather than systemically and had no effect on EAU induced by adoptive transfer of HEL-activated T cells. These data demonstrate the importance of systemic (lymph node) rather than local (eye) antigen presentation in the development of EAU as well as suggest a potential therapeutic approach to controlling sight-threatening immune-mediated uveitis provided relevant antigen(s) can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela P. Klaska
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Tian Yu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Rosie Fordyce
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Koju Kamoi
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richard J. Cornall
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lucia Kuffova
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Eye Clinic, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - John V. Forrester
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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2
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Leung SS, Borg DJ, McCarthy DA, Boursalian TE, Cracraft J, Zhuang A, Fotheringham AK, Flemming N, Watkins T, Miles JJ, Groop PH, Scheijen JL, Schalkwijk CG, Steptoe RJ, Radford KJ, Knip M, Forbes JM. Soluble RAGE Prevents Type 1 Diabetes Expanding Functional Regulatory T Cells. Diabetes 2022; 71:1994-2008. [PMID: 35713929 PMCID: PMC9862506 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with no cure, where clinical translation of promising therapeutics has been hampered by the reproducibility crisis. Here, short-term administration of an antagonist to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) protected against murine diabetes at two independent research centers. Treatment with sRAGE increased regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the islets, pancreatic lymph nodes, and spleen, increasing islet insulin expression and function. Diabetes protection was abrogated by Treg depletion and shown to be dependent on antagonizing RAGE with use of knockout mice. Human Tregs treated with a RAGE ligand downregulated genes for suppression, migration, and Treg homeostasis (FOXP3, IL7R, TIGIT, JAK1, STAT3, STAT5b, CCR4). Loss of suppressive function was reversed by sRAGE, where Tregs increased proliferation and suppressed conventional T-cell division, confirming that sRAGE expands functional human Tregs. These results highlight sRAGE as an attractive treatment to prevent diabetes, showing efficacy and reproducibility at multiple research centers and in human T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherman S. Leung
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Danielle J. Borg
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Domenica A. McCarthy
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Aowen Zhuang
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amelia K. Fotheringham
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicole Flemming
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thomas Watkins
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - John J. Miles
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Nephrology, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jean L. Scheijen
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond J. Steptoe
- Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kristen J. Radford
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Cancer Immunotherapies, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mikael Knip
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Pediatric Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Josephine M. Forbes
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research, The University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Mater Clinical School, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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3
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Schumacher NSG, Fernandes LGR, de Lima Zollner R. Aqueous extract of Passiflora alata leaves modulates in vitro the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and CD86 expression in bone marrow-derived professional antigen-presenting cells polarizing NOD mice T cells to a Treg profile. Cytokine 2022; 152:155832. [PMID: 35202987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPCs), numerous in the pancreas of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and playing an essential role in the autoimmune response of type 1 diabetes. The expression of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a critical factor for the tolerogenic activity of pAPCs, acting in the catabolism of tryptophan, providing metabolites that suppress the T cell effectors and induce T regulatory cells differentiation. Here we investigated the in vitro mechanisms of lyophilized aqueous extract from Passiflora alata leaves (LAEPAL) that modulates bone marrow-derived professional antigen-presenting cells (BM-pAPCs), affecting their ability to polarize T cells. A cell culture model was defined using mixed cultures of BM-pAPCs and T lymphocytes NOD mice with stressed MIN-6 cells as a source of pancreatic β cells antigens. We showed that the treatment with 300 µg/mL of LAEPAL induces a significant decrease in the CD4 and CD8 T effector lymphocytes proliferation from diabetic but not in non-diabetic mice, followed by a reduction of the IL-6 and IFN-γ cytokines release in the cell cultures supernatants. Moreover, we observed an increase of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in the cell cultures from diabetic mice. These results could be partially explained by the LAEPAL modulatory effects in BM-pAPCs, downregulating the CD86 co-stimulatory molecule expression, and increasing IDO-1 expression in F4/80+ BM-pAPCs. These results contribute to a better understanding of the polyphenols' immunomodulatory properties, meaning they could induce tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells, which could polarize T cells to a Treg profile and decrease the activity of CD4+ and CD8+ T effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Simon Gonzalez Schumacher
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil.
| | - Luís Gustavo Romani Fernandes
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo de Lima Zollner
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil.
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4
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Huang J, Pearson JA, Wong FS, Wen L, Zhou Z. Innate immunity in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3480. [PMID: 34156143 PMCID: PMC8813511 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is an autoimmune disease that shares some genetic, immunological and clinical features with both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Immune cells including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) have been detected in the pancreas of patients with LADA and a rat model of LADA. Therefore, similar to type 1 diabetes, the pathogenesis of LADA may be caused by interactions between islet β-cells and innate and adaptive immune cells. However, the role of the immunity in the initiation and progression of LADA remains largely unknown. In this review, we have summarized the potential roles of innate immunity and immune-modulators in LADA development. Furthermore, we have examined the evidence and discussed potential innate immunological reasons for the slower development of LADA compared with type 1 diabetes. More in-depth mechanistic studies are needed to fully elucidate the roles of innate immune-associated genes, molecules and cells in their contributions to LADA pathogenesis. Undertaking these studies will greatly enhance the development of new strategies and optimization of current strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - F. Susan Wong
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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5
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Nelson AS, Akgul A, Maddaloni M, Bhagyaraj E, Hoffman C, Pascual DW. Oral probiotic promotes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase- and TGF-β-Producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells to initiate protection against type 1 diabetes. Immunol Lett 2021; 239:12-19. [PMID: 34333043 PMCID: PMC9808532 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) fimbria, an adhesin from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, confers protection in murine autoimmune models for type 1 diabetes (T1D), multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Although CFA/I fimbriae's initial mode of action is in a bystander or in an antigen (Ag)-independent fashion, protection is ultimately dependent upon the induction and/or activation of auto-Ag-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, little is known about how protection transitions from bystander suppression to Ag-specific Tregs. Since dendritic cells (DCs) play an integral role in fate decisions for T cells becoming inflammatory or tolerogenic, the described study tests the hypothesis that Lactococcus lactis expressing CFA/I (LL-CFA/I) stimulates DCs to establish a regulatory microenvironment. To this end, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were infected in vitro with LL-CFA/I. Results revealed increased production of IL-10, TGF-β, and indoleamine 2,3-deoxygenase (IDO). Although co-culture of LL-CFA/I infected BMDCs with naïve T cells did not promote Foxp3 expression, TNF-α and IFN-γ production was suppressed. NOD mice orally dosed with LL-CFA/I showed an increase in regulatory plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) expressing IDO and TGF-β in pancreatic lymph nodes (PaLNs) and spleen three days post-treatment. However, Tregs did not appear in the mucosal inductive sites until much later. These findings show that LL-CFA/I influences specific DC populations to establish tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Nelson
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States,Quansys Biosciences, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Ali Akgul
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Massimo Maddaloni
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ella Bhagyaraj
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Carol Hoffman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - David W. Pascual
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States,Corresponding author. (D.W. Pascual)
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6
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Hehenkamp P, Hoffmann M, Kummer S, Reinauer C, Döing C, Förtsch K, Enczmann J, Balz V, Mayatepek E, Meissner T, Jacobsen M, Seyfarth J. Interleukin-7-dependent nonclassical monocytes and CD40 expression are affected in children with type 1 diabetes. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:3214-3227. [PMID: 34625948 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The important role of IL-7 in the generation of self-reactive T-cells in autoimmune diseases is well established. Recent studies on autoimmunity-associated genetic polymorphisms indicated that differential IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) expression of monocytes may play a role in the underlying pathogenesis. The relevance of IL-7-mediated monocyte functions in type 1 diabetes remains elusive. In the present study, we characterized monocyte phenotype and IL-7-mediated effects in children with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls with multicolor flow cytometry and t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor-Embedded (t-SNE)-analyses. IL-7R expression of monocytes rapidly increased in vitro and was boosted through LPS. In the presence of IL-7, we detected lower monocyte IL-7R expression in type 1 diabetes patients as compared to healthy controls. This difference was most evident for the subset of nonclassical monocytes, which increased after IL-7 stimulation. t-SNE analyses revealed IL-7-dependent differences in monocyte subset distribution and expression of activation and maturation markers (i.e., HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, CD40). Notably, monocyte CD40 expression increased considerably by IL-7 and CD40/IL-7R co-expression differed between patients and controls. This study shows the unique effects of IL-7 on monocyte phenotype and functions. Lower IL-7R expression on IL-7-induced CD40high monocytes and impaired IL-7 response characterize monocytes from patients with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hehenkamp
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kummer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Reinauer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Döing
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Förtsch
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Enczmann
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Balz
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Jacobsen
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Seyfarth
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Poudel P, Yu J. Geriatric Rheumatology: The Need for a Separate Subspecialty in the Near Future. Cureus 2020; 12:e8474. [PMID: 32642378 PMCID: PMC7336673 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatology is a broad specialty in itself, and it involves caring for patients of all age groups. Patients of different age groups have different characteristics and a one-size-fits-all approach is not feasible in catering to their diverse medical needs. The presentation and the manifestations of diseases vary in different age groups. We have pediatric rheumatology as a separate subspecialty where pediatric patients with rheumatological diseases are provided specific care best suited to their needs. However, for older patients, such a separate subspecialty is not widely available in medical practice. Geriatric rheumatology or gerontorheumatology is a branch of rheumatology dealing with older patients with rheumatological diseases. It is high time to consider establishing geriatric rheumatology as a separate subspecialty to provide better care for older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Poudel
- Internal Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Jianghong Yu
- Rheumatology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
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8
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Stojić-Vukanić Z, Pilipović I, Bufan B, Stojanović M, Leposavić G. Age and sex determine CD4+ T cell stimulatory and polarizing capacity of rat splenic dendritic cells. Biogerontology 2019; 21:83-107. [PMID: 31646402 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09845-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated influence of sex and age on splenic myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) from Dark Agouti rats. Freshly isolated DCs from young males exhibited less mature phenotype and greater endocytic capacity compared with those from age-matched females. Upon LPS stimulation in vitro they were less potent in stimulating allogeneic CD4+ cells in mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR), due to lower expression of MHC II, and greater NO and IL-10 production. In accordance with higher TGF-β production, young male rat DCs were less potent in stimulating IL-17 production in MLR than those from young females. Irrespective of sex, endocytic capacity and responsiveness of DCs to LPS stimulation in culture, judging by their allostimulatory capacity in MLR decreased with age, reflecting decline in MHC II surface density followed by their greater NO production; the effects more prominent in females. Additionally, compared with LPS-stimulated DCs from young rats, those from sex-matched aged rats were more potent in stimulating IL-10 production in MLR, whereas capacity of DCs from aged female and male rats to stimulate IL-17 production remained unaltered and decreased, respectively. This reflected age-related shift in IL-6/TGF-β production level ratio in LPS-stimulated DC cultures towards TGF-β, and sex-specific age-related remodeling CD4+ cell cytokine pathways. Additionally, compared with LPS-stimulated DCs from young rats, those cells from sex-matched aged rats were less potent in stimulating IFN-γ production in MLR, the effect particularly prominent in MLRs encompassing male rat DCs. The study showed that stimulatory and polarizing capacity of DCs depends on rat sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Stojić-Vukanić
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 450 Vojvode Stepe, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - Ivan Pilipović
- Immunology Research Centre "Branislav Janković", Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera "Torlak", 458 Vojvode Stepe, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - Biljana Bufan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 450 Vojvode Stepe, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - Marija Stojanović
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 450 Vojvode Stepe, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - Gordana Leposavić
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 450 Vojvode Stepe, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia.
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9
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Xiong A, Wang J, Mao XL, Jiang Y, Fan Y. MiR‐199a‐3p modulates the function of dendritic cells involved in transplantation tolerance by targeting CD86. HLA 2019; 94:493-503. [PMID: 31448543 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Xiong
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of WuhanTongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuHan China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of WuhanTongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuHan China
| | - Xiao Li Mao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of WuhanTongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuHan China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of WuhanTongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuHan China
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of WuhanTongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuHan China
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10
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Das T, Bergen IM, Koudstaal T, van Hulst JA, van Loo G, Boonstra A, Vanwolleghem T, Leung PS, Gershwin ME, Hendriks RW, Kool M. DNGR1-mediated deletion of A20/Tnfaip3 in dendritic cells alters T and B-cell homeostasis and promotes autoimmune liver pathology. J Autoimmun 2019; 102:167-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Schloss J, Ali R, Babad J, Guerrero-Ros I, Pongsachai J, He LZ, Keler T, DiLorenzo TP. Development and Characterization of a Preclinical Model for the Evaluation of CD205-Mediated Antigen Delivery Therapeutics in Type 1 Diabetes. Immunohorizons 2019; 3:236-253. [PMID: 31356169 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1900014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for the production of adaptive immune responses to disease-causing microbes. However, in the steady state (i.e., in the absence of an infection or when Ags are experimentally delivered without a DC-activating adjuvant), DCs present Ags to T cells in a tolerogenic manner and are important for the establishment of peripheral tolerance. Delivery of islet Ags to DCs using Ag-linked Abs to the DC endocytic receptor CD205 has shown promise in the NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes (T1D). It is important to note, however, that all myeloid DCs express CD205 in humans, whereas in mice, only one of the classical DC subsets does (classical DC1; CD8α+ in spleen). Thus, the evaluation of CD205-targeted treatments in mice will likely not accurately predict the results observed in humans. To overcome this challenge, we have developed and characterized a novel NOD mouse model in which all myeloid DCs transgenically express human CD205 (hCD205). This NOD.hCD205 strain displays a similar T1D incidence profile to standard NOD mice. The presence of the transgene does not alter DC development, phenotype, or function. Importantly, the DCs are able to process and present Ags delivered via hCD205. Because Ags taken up via hCD205 can be presented on both class I and class II MHC, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells can be modulated. As both T cell subsets are important for T1D pathogenesis, NOD.hCD205 mice represent a unique, patient-relevant tool for the development and optimization of DC-directed T1D therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schloss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Riyasat Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Jeffrey Babad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | | | - Jillamika Pongsachai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Li-Zhen He
- Celldex Therapeutics Inc., Hampton, NJ 08827
| | - Tibor Keler
- Celldex Therapeutics Inc., Hampton, NJ 08827
| | - Teresa P DiLorenzo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461; .,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.,Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461; and.,The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
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12
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Funda DP, Palová-Jelínková L, Goliáš J, Kroulíková Z, Fajstová A, Hudcovic T, Špíšek R. Optimal Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Therapy: What Can We Learn From Non-obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse Models? Front Immunol 2019; 10:967. [PMID: 31139178 PMCID: PMC6527741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) are explored as a promising standalone or combination therapy in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The therapeutic application of tolDCs, including in human trials, has been tested also in other autoimmune diseases, however, T1D displays some unique features. In addition, unlike in several disease-induced animal models of autoimmune diseases, the prevalent animal model for T1D, the NOD mouse, develops diabetes spontaneously. This review compares evidence of various tolDCs approaches obtained from animal (mainly NOD) models of T1D with a focus on parameters of this cell-based therapy such as protocols of tolDC preparation, antigen-specific vs. unspecific approaches, doses of tolDCs and/or autoantigens, application schemes, application routes, the migration of tolDCs as well as their preventive, early pre-onset intervention or curative effects. This review also discusses perspectives of tolDC therapy and areas of preclinical research that are in need of better clarification in animal models in a quest for effective and optimal tolDC therapies of T1D in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Funda
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Lenka Palová-Jelínková
- SOTIO a s., Prague, Czechia.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Medical School, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jaroslav Goliáš
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Kroulíková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Alena Fajstová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Hudcovic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Radek Špíšek
- SOTIO a s., Prague, Czechia.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Medical School, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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13
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Singh K, Martinell M, Luo Z, Espes D, Stålhammar J, Sandler S, Carlsson PO. Cellular immunological changes in patients with LADA are a mixture of those seen in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 197:64-73. [PMID: 30843600 PMCID: PMC6591143 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently scarce knowledge of the immunological profile of patients with latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in the adult (LADA) when compared with healthy controls (HC) and patients with classical type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective of this study was to investigate the cellular immunological profile of LADA patients and compare to HC and patients with T1D and T2D. All patients and age‐matched HC were recruited from Uppsala County. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from freshly collected blood to determine the proportions of immune cells by flow cytometry. Plasma concentrations of the cytokine interleukin (IL)‐35 were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proportion of CD11c+CD123– antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) was lower, while the proportions of CD11c+CD123+ APCs and IL‐35+ tolerogenic APCs were higher in LADA patients than in T1D patients. The proportion of CD3–CD56highCD16+ natural killer (NK) cells was higher in LADA patients than in both HC and T2D patients. The frequency of IL‐35+ regulatory T cells and plasma IL‐35 concentrations in LADA patients were similar to those in T1D and T2D patients, but lower than in HC. The proportion of regulatory B cells in LADA patients was higher than in healthy controls, T1D and T2D patients, and the frequency of IL‐35+ regulatory B cells was higher than in T1D patients. LADA presents a mixed cellular immunological pattern with features overlapping with both T1D and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Singh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Martinell
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Z Luo
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Espes
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Stålhammar
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Sandler
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P-O Carlsson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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14
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Creusot RJ, Postigo-Fernandez J, Teteloshvili N. Altered Function of Antigen-Presenting Cells in Type 1 Diabetes: A Challenge for Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy? Diabetes 2018; 67:1481-1494. [PMID: 30030289 PMCID: PMC6054431 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from a failure to maintain tolerance to specific β-cell antigens. Antigen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) aims to reestablish immune tolerance through the supply of pertinent antigens to specific cell types or environments that are suitable for eliciting tolerogenic responses. However, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in T1D patients and in animal models of T1D are affected by a number of alterations, some due to genetic polymorphism. Combination of these alterations, impacting the number, phenotype, and function of APC subsets, may account for both the underlying tolerance deficiency and for the limited efficacy of ASITs so far. In this comprehensive review, we examine different aspects of APC function that are pertinent to tolerance induction and summarize how they are altered in the context of T1D. We attempt to reconcile 25 years of studies on this topic, highlighting genetic, phenotypic, and functional features that are common or distinct between humans and animal models. Finally, we discuss the implications of these defects and the challenges they might pose for the use of ASITs to treat T1D. Better understanding of these APC alterations will help us design more efficient ways to induce tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi J Creusot
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jorge Postigo-Fernandez
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Nato Teteloshvili
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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15
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Hotta-Iwamura C, Benck C, Coley WD, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Quiel JA, Tarbell KV. Low CD25 on autoreactive Tregs impairs tolerance via low dose IL-2 and antigen delivery. J Autoimmun 2018; 90:39-48. [PMID: 29439835 PMCID: PMC5949247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-mediated T cell tolerance deficiencies contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes. Delivering self-antigen to dendritic-cell inhibitory receptor-2 (DCIR2)+ DCs can delay but not completely block diabetes development in NOD mice. These DCIR2-targeting antibodies induce tolerance via deletion and anergy, but do not increase islet-specific Tregs. Because low-dose IL-2 (LD-IL-2) administration can preferentially expand Tregs, we tested whether delivering islet-antigen to tolerogenic DCIR2+ DCs along with LD-IL-2 would boost islet-specific Tregs and further block autoimmunity. But, surprisingly, adding LD-IL-2 did not increase efficacy of DC-targeted antigen to inhibit diabetes. Here we show the effects of LD-IL-2, with or without antigen delivery to DCIR2+ DCs, on both polyclonal and autoreactive Treg and conventional T cells (Tconv). As expected, LD-IL-2 increased total Tregs, but autoreactive Tregs required both antigen and IL-2 stimulation for optimal expansion. Also, islet-specific Tregs had lower CD25 expression and IL-2 sensitivity, while islet-specific Tconv had higher CD25 expression, compared to polyclonal populations. LD-IL-2 increased activation and expansion of Tconv, and was more pronounced for autoreactive cells after treatment with IL-2 + islet-antigen. Therefore, LD-IL-2 therapy, especially when combined with antigen stimulation, may not optimally activate and expand antigen-specific Tregs in chronic autoimmune settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Hotta-Iwamura
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles Benck
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William D Coley
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yongge Zhao
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan A Quiel
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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16
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Coley WD, Zhao Y, Benck CJ, Liu Y, Hotta-Iwamura C, Rahman MJ, Tarbell KV. Loss of Zbtb32 in NOD mice does not significantly alter T cell responses. F1000Res 2018; 7:318. [PMID: 29707204 PMCID: PMC5909056 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13864.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We previously identified the transcriptional regulator Zbtb32 as a factor that can promote T cell tolerance in the Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of Type 1 diabetes. Antigen targeted to DCIR2
+ dendritic cells (DCs)
in vivo inhibited both diabetes and effector T cell expansion in NOD mice. Furthermore, Zbtb32 was preferentially induced in autoreactive CD4 T cells stimulated by these tolerogenic DCIR2
+ DCs, and overexpression of Zbtb32 in islet-specific T cells inhibited the diabetes development by limiting T cell proliferation and cytokine production. Methods: To further understand the role of Zbtb32 in T cell tolerance induction, we have now used CRISPR to target the Zbtb32 gene for deletion directly in NOD mice and characterized the mutant mice. We hypothesized that the systemic loss of Zbtb32 in NOD mice would lead to increased T cell activation and increased diabetes pathogenesis. Results: Although NOD.Zbtb32
-/- male NOD mice showed a trend towards increased diabetes incidence compared to littermate controls, the difference was not significant. Furthermore, no significant alteration in lymphocyte number or function was observed. Importantly,
in vitro stimulation of lymphocytes from NOD.Zbtb32
-/- mice did not produce the expected hypersensitive phenotype observed in other genetic strains, potentially due to compensation by homologous genes. Conclusions: The loss of Zbtb32 in the NOD background does not result in the expected T cell activation phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Coley
- Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yongge Zhao
- Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD, 20892, USA
| | - Charles J Benck
- Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chie Hotta-Iwamura
- Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD, 20892, USA
| | - M Jubayer Rahman
- Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD, 20892, USA.,Department of Inflammation and Oncology, Amgen, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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17
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Funda DP, Goliáš J, Hudcovic T, Kozáková H, Špíšek R, Palová-Jelínková L. Antigen Loading (e.g., Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65) of Tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) Reduces Their Capacity to Prevent Diabetes in the Non-Obese Diabetes (NOD)-Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Model of Adoptive Cotransfer of Diabetes As Well As in NOD Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:290. [PMID: 29503651 PMCID: PMC5820308 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) are being researched as a promising intervention strategy also in autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes (T1D). T1D is a T-cell-mediated, organ-specific disease with several well-defined and rather specific autoantigens, i.e., proinsulin, insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), that have been used in animal as well as human intervention trials in attempts to achieve a more efficient, specific immunotherapy. In this study, we have tested tolerogenic DCs for their effectiveness to prevent adoptive transfer of diabetes by diabetogenic splenocytes into non-obese diabetes (NOD)-severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) recipients. While i.p. application of tolDCs prepared from bone marrow of prediabetic NOD mice by vitamin D2 and dexamethasone significantly reduced diabetes transfer into the NOD-SCID females, this effect was completely abolished when tolDCs were loaded with the mouse recombinant GAD65, but also with a control protein—ovalbumin (OVA). The effect was not dependent on the presence of serum in the tolDC culture. Similar results were observed in NOD mice. Removal of possible bystander antigen-presenting cells within the diabetogenic splenocytes by negative magnetic sorting of T cells did not alter this surprising effect. Tolerogenic DCs loaded with an immunodominant mouse GAD65 peptide also displayed diminished diabetes-preventive effect. Tolerogenic DCs were characterized by surface maturation markers (CD40, CD80, CD86, MHC II) and the lipopolysaccharide stability test. Data from alloreactive T cell proliferation and cytokine induction assays (IFN-γ) did not reveal the differences observed in the diabetes incidence. Migration of tolDCs, tolDCs-GAD65 and tolDCs-OVA to spleen, mesenteric- and pancreatic lymph nodes displayed similar, mucosal pattern with highest accumulation in pancreatic lymph nodes present up to 9 days after the i.p. application. These data document that mechanisms by which tolDCs operate in vivo require much better understanding for improving efficacy of this promising cell therapy, especially in the presence of an antigen, e.g., GAD65.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Funda
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Jaroslav Goliáš
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Hudcovic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Nový Hrádek, Czechia
| | - Hana Kozáková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Nový Hrádek, Czechia
| | - Radek Špíšek
- SOTIO a s., Prague, Czechia.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Medical School, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lenka Palová-Jelínková
- SOTIO a s., Prague, Czechia.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Medical School, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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18
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Audiger C, Rahman MJ, Yun TJ, Tarbell KV, Lesage S. The Importance of Dendritic Cells in Maintaining Immune Tolerance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2223-2231. [PMID: 28264998 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Immune tolerance is necessary to prevent the immune system from reacting against self, and thus to avoid the development of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss key findings that position dendritic cells (DCs) as critical modulators of both thymic and peripheral immune tolerance. Although DCs are important for inducing both immunity and tolerance, increased autoimmunity associated with decreased DCs suggests their nonredundant role in tolerance induction. DC-mediated T cell immune tolerance is an active process that is influenced by genetic variants, environmental signals, as well as the nature of the specific DC subset presenting Ag to T cells. Answering the many open questions with regard to the role of DCs in immune tolerance could lead to the development of novel therapies for the prevention of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Audiger
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - M Jubayer Rahman
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tae Jin Yun
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada; and.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada; .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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19
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibit dendritic cells differentiation and maturation by microRNA-23b. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160436. [PMID: 28096318 PMCID: PMC5398252 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on regulation and its mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on dendritic cells (DCs), which is the initiating factor in immune response has applicable clinical value. Although BMSCs have a significant regulatory effect on the maturation of DCs, its molecular mechanism is still unclear. BMSCs and DCs, were co-cultured by different concentration ratios. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of DC markers (CD83, CD11c). Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of related genes in RNA level. Expression of the target proteins was detected with using Western blot assay. miRNA inhibitor and miRNA mimic were used to suppress and up-regulate the expression of the target gene. In this research, our results demonstrated that BMSCs notably inhibited maturation of DCs in the co-culture system of BMSCs and DCs and confirmed that this inhibition is due to overexpression of miR-23b. Furthermore, this research found that miR-23b overexpression inhibited the expression of p50/p65, thus blocked the activation of the NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, BMSCs affected the activation of NF-κB pathway through miR-23b overexpression resulting in inhibition of the maturation and differentiation of DCs.
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20
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Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of rheumatologic conditions are increasing and the rheumatology workforce must be aware of aging-specific issues. This article reviews specific barriers to understanding the biology of aging and aging-related mechanisms that may underlie development of rheumatologic diseases in older adults. It summarizes gaps in the assessment, outcomes measurement, and treatment of these diseases in this unique population. It also highlights potential solutions to these barriers and suggests possible ways to bridge the gap, from a research and education standpoint, so that clinicians can be better prepared to effectively manage older adults with rheumatologic conditions.
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21
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Rahman MJ, Rahir G, Dong MB, Zhao Y, Rodrigues KB, Hotta-Iwamura C, Chen Y, Guerrero A, Tarbell KV. Despite Increased Type 1 IFN, Autoimmune Nonobese Diabetic Mice Display Impaired Dendritic Cell Response to CpG and Decreased Nuclear Localization of IFN-Activated STAT1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2031-40. [PMID: 26826238 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune signals help break self-tolerance to initiate autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, but innate contributions to subsequent regulation of disease progression are less clear. Most studies have measured in vitro innate responses of GM-CSF dendritic cells (DCs) that are functionally distinct from conventional DCs (cDCs) and do not reflect in vivo DC subsets. To determine whether autoimmune NOD mice have alterations in type 1 IFN innate responsiveness, we compared cDCs from prediabetic NOD and control C57BL/6 (B6) mice stimulated in vivo with the TLR9 ligand CpG, a strong type 1 IFN inducer. In response to CpG, NOD mice produce more type 1 IFN and express higher levels of CD40, and NOD monocyte DCs make more TNF. However, the overall CpG-induced transcriptional response is muted in NOD cDCs. Of relevance the costimulatory proteins CD80/CD86, signals needed for regulatory T cell homeostasis, are upregulated less on NOD cDCs. Interestingly, NOD Rag1(-/-) mice also display a defect in CpG-induced CD86 upregulation compared with B6 Rag1(-/-), indicating this particular innate alteration precedes adaptive autoimmunity. The impaired response in NOD DCs is likely downstream of the IFN-α/β receptor because DCs from NOD and B6 mice show similar CpG-induced CD86 levels when anti-IFN-α/β receptor Ab is added. IFN-α-induced nuclear localization of activated STAT1 is markedly reduced in NOD CD11c(+) cells, consistent with lower type 1 IFN responsiveness. In conclusion, NOD DCs display altered innate responses characterized by enhanced type 1 IFN and activation of monocyte-derived DCs but diminished cDC type 1 IFN response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jubayer Rahman
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Gwendoline Rahir
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Matthew B Dong
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Yongge Zhao
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Kameron B Rodrigues
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Chie Hotta-Iwamura
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Ye Chen
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Alan Guerrero
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
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22
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Hotta-Iwamura C, Tarbell KV. Type 1 diabetes genetic susceptibility and dendritic cell function: potential targets for treatment. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:65-80. [PMID: 26792821 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3mr1115-500r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results from the defective induction or maintenance of T cell tolerance against islet β cell self-antigens. Under steady-state conditions, dendritic cells with tolerogenic properties are critical for peripheral immune tolerance. Tolerogenic dendritic cells can induce T cell anergy and deletion and, in some contexts, induce or expand regulatory T cells. Dendritic cells contribute to both immunomodulatory effects and triggering of pathogenesis in type 1 diabetes. This immune equilibrium is affected by both genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. Genome-wide association studies and disease association studies have identified >50 polymorphic loci that lend susceptibility or resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In parallel, diabetes susceptibility regions known as insulin-dependent diabetes loci have been identified in the nonobese diabetic mouse, a model for human type 1 diabetes, providing a better understanding of potential immunomodulatory factors in type 1 diabetes risk. Most genetic candidates have annotated immune cell functions, but the focus has been on changes to T and B cells. However, it is likely that some of the genomic susceptibility in type 1 diabetes directly interrupts the tolerogenic potential of dendritic cells in the pathogenic context of ongoing autoimmunity. Here, we will review how gene polymorphisms associated with autoimmune diabetes may influence dendritic cell development and maturation processes that could lead to alterations in the tolerogenic function of dendritic cells. These insights into potential tolerogenic and pathogenic roles for dendritic cells have practical implications for the clinical manipulation of dendritic cells toward tolerance to prevent and treat type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Hotta-Iwamura
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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23
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Price JD, Hotta-Iwamura C, Zhao Y, Beauchamp NM, Tarbell KV. DCIR2+ cDC2 DCs and Zbtb32 Restore CD4+ T-Cell Tolerance and Inhibit Diabetes. Diabetes 2015; 64:3521-31. [PMID: 26070317 PMCID: PMC4587633 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During autoimmunity, the normal ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to induce T-cell tolerance is disrupted; therefore, autoimmune disease therapies based on cell types and molecular pathways that elicit tolerance in the steady state may not be effective. To determine which DC subsets induce tolerance in the context of chronic autoimmunity, we used chimeric antibodies specific for DC inhibitory receptor 2 (DCIR2) or DEC-205 to target self-antigen to CD11b(+) (cDC2) DCs and CD8(+) (cDC1) DCs, respectively, in autoimmune-prone nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. Antigen presentation by DCIR2(+) DCs but not DEC-205(+) DCs elicited tolerogenic CD4(+) T-cell responses in NOD mice. β-Cell antigen delivered to DCIR2(+) DCs delayed diabetes induction and induced increased T-cell apoptosis without interferon-γ (IFN-γ) or sustained expansion of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells. These divergent responses were preceded by differential gene expression in T cells early after in vivo stimulation. Zbtb32 was higher in T cells stimulated with DCIR2(+) DCs, and overexpression of Zbtb32 in T cells inhibited diabetes development, T-cell expansion, and IFN-γ production. Therefore, we have identified DCIR2(+) DCs as capable of inducing antigen-specific tolerance in the face of ongoing autoimmunity and have also identified Zbtb32 as a suppressive transcription factor that controls T cell-mediated autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Price
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chie Hotta-Iwamura
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yongge Zhao
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nicole M Beauchamp
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Dong MB, Rahman MJ, Tarbell KV. Flow cytometric gating for spleen monocyte and DC subsets: differences in autoimmune NOD mice and with acute inflammation. J Immunol Methods 2015; 432:4-12. [PMID: 26344574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The role of antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and other inflammatory diseases is now better understood due to advances in multicolor flow cytometry, gene expression analysis of APC populations, and functional correlation of mouse to human APC populations. A simple but informative nomenclature of conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cell subsets (cDC1, cDC2, pDC) and monocyte-derived populations incorporates these advances, but accurate subset identification is critical. Ambiguous gating schemes and alterations of cell surface markers in inflammatory condition can make comparing results between studies difficult. Both acute inflammation, such as TLR-ligand stimulation, and chronic inflammation as found in mouse models of autoimmunity can alter DC subset gating. Here, we address these issues using in vivo CpG stimulation as an example of acute inflammation and the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse as a model of chronic inflammation.We provide a flow cytometric antibody panel and gating scheme that differentiate 2 monocytic and 3DC subsets in the spleen both at steady state and after CpG stimulation. Using this method, we observed differences in the composition of NOD DCs that have been previously reported, and newly identified increases in the number of NOD monocyte-derived DCs. Finally, we established a protocol for DC phosphoflow to measure the phosphorylation state of intracellular proteins, and use it to confirm functional differences in the identified subsets. Therefore, we present optimized methods for distinguishing monocytic and DC populations with and without inflammation and/or autoimmunity associated with NOD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Dong
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - M Jubayer Rahman
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Price JD, Tarbell KV. The Role of Dendritic Cell Subsets and Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes and Other Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2015; 6:288. [PMID: 26124756 PMCID: PMC4466467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key antigen-presenting cells that have an important role in autoimmune pathogenesis. DCs control both steady-state T cell tolerance and activation of pathogenic responses. The balance between these two outcomes depends on several factors, including genetic susceptibility, environmental signals that stimulate varied innate responses, and which DC subset is presenting antigen. Although the specific DC phenotype can diverge depending on the tissue location and context, there are four main subsets identified in both mouse and human: conventional cDC1 and cDC2, plasmacytoid DCs, and monocyte-derived DCs. In this review, we will discuss the role of these subsets in autoimmune pathogenesis and regulation, as well as the genetic and environmental signals that influence their function. Specific topics to be addressed include impact of susceptibility loci on DC subsets, alterations in DC subset development, the role of infection- and host-derived innate inflammatory signals, and the role of the intestinal microbiota on DC phenotype. The effects of these various signals on disease progression and the relative effects of DC subset composition and maturation level of DCs will be examined. These areas will be explored using examples from several autoimmune diseases but will focus mainly on type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Price
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, Immune Tolerance Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA
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