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Mertens RT, Misra A, Xiao P, Baek S, Rone JM, Mangani D, Sivanathan KN, Arojojoye AS, Awuah SG, Lee I, Shi GP, Petrova B, Brook JR, Anderson AC, Flavell RA, Kanarek N, Hemberg M, Nowarski R. A metabolic switch orchestrated by IL-18 and the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP programs intestinal tolerance. Immunity 2024:S1074-7613(24)00305-4. [PMID: 38906145 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Tissues are exposed to diverse inflammatory challenges that shape future inflammatory responses. While cellular metabolism regulates immune function, how metabolism programs and stabilizes immune states within tissues and tunes susceptibility to inflammation is poorly understood. Here, we describe an innate immune metabolic switch that programs long-term intestinal tolerance. Intestinal interleukin-18 (IL-18) stimulation elicited tolerogenic macrophages by preventing their proinflammatory glycolytic polarization via metabolic reprogramming to fatty acid oxidation (FAO). FAO reprogramming was triggered by IL-18 activation of SLC12A3 (NCC), leading to sodium influx, release of mitochondrial DNA, and activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING). FAO was maintained in macrophages by a bistable switch that encoded memory of IL-18 stimulation and by intercellular positive feedback that sustained the production of macrophage-derived 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) and epithelial-derived IL-18. Thus, a tissue-reinforced metabolic switch encodes durable immune tolerance in the gut and may enable reconstructing compromised immune tolerance in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall T Mertens
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aditya Misra
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Peng Xiao
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Seungbyn Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph M Rone
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Davide Mangani
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kisha N Sivanathan
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Samuel G Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Insuk Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Boryana Petrova
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeannette R Brook
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Naama Kanarek
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martin Hemberg
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Roni Nowarski
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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Hu X, Yuan X, Zhang G, Song H, Ji P, Guo Y, Liu Z, Tian Y, Shen R, Wang D. The intestinal epithelial-macrophage-crypt stem cell axis plays a crucial role in regulating and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Life Sci 2024; 344:122452. [PMID: 38462226 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal tract plays a vital role in both digestion and immunity, making its equilibrium crucial for overall health. This equilibrium relies on the dynamic interplay among intestinal epithelial cells, macrophages, and crypt stem cells. Intestinal epithelial cells play a pivotal role in protecting and regulating the gut. They form vital barriers, modulate immune responses, and engage in pathogen defense and cytokine secretion. Moreover, they supervise the regulation of intestinal stem cells. Macrophages, serving as immune cells, actively influence the immune response through the phagocytosis of pathogens and the release of cytokines. They also contribute to regulating intestinal stem cells. Stem cells, known for their self-renewal and differentiation abilities, play a vital role in repairing damaged intestinal epithelium and maintaining homeostasis. Although research has primarily concentrated on the connections between epithelial and stem cells, interactions with macrophages have been less explored. This review aims to fill this gap by exploring the roles of the intestinal epithelial-macrophage-crypt stem cell axis in maintaining intestinal balance. It seeks to unravel the intricate dynamics and regulatory mechanisms among these essential players. A comprehensive understanding of these cell types' functions and interactions promises insights into intestinal homeostasis regulation. Moreover, it holds potential for innovative approaches to manage conditions like radiation-induced intestinal injury, inflammatory bowel disease, and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Guokun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Haoyun Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Pengfei Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Yanan Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Zihua Liu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China
| | - Yixiao Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China.
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China.
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3
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Bao X, Li Q, Chen D, Dai X, Liu C, Tian W, Zhang H, Jin Y, Wang Y, Cheng J, Lai C, Ye C, Xin S, Li X, Su G, Ding Y, Xiong Y, Xie J, Tano V, Wang Y, Fu W, Deng S, Fang W, Sheng J, Ruan J, Zhao P. A multiomics analysis-assisted deep learning model identifies a macrophage-oriented module as a potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101399. [PMID: 38307032 PMCID: PMC10897549 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy involving multiple cellular components. The CRC tumor microenvironment (TME) has been characterized well at single-cell resolution. However, a spatial interaction map of the CRC TME is still elusive. Here, we integrate multiomics analyses and establish a spatial interaction map to improve the prognosis, prediction, and therapeutic development for CRC. We construct a CRC immune module (CCIM) that comprises FOLR2+ macrophages, exhausted CD8+ T cells, tolerant CD8+ T cells, exhausted CD4+ T cells, and regulatory T cells. Multiplex immunohistochemistry is performed to depict the CCIM. Based on this, we utilize advanced deep learning technology to establish a spatial interaction map and predict chemotherapy response. CCIM-Net is constructed, which demonstrates good predictive performance for chemotherapy response in both the training and testing cohorts. Lastly, targeting FOLR2+ macrophage therapeutics is used to disrupt the immunosuppressive CCIM and enhance the chemotherapy response in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwen Bao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China.
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Xiaomeng Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Weihong Tian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Hangyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Yuzhi Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Yin Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Jinlin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Chunyu Lai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Chanqi Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Shan Xin
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ge Su
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Yongfeng Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Yangyang Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Jindong Xie
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Vincent Tano
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Wenguang Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Shuiguang Deng
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Weijia Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Jianpeng Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China.
| | - Jian Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China.
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Martins-Gomes C, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Natural Products as Dietary Agents for the Prevention and Mitigation of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in the Intestinal Barrier. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:65. [PMID: 38247489 PMCID: PMC10812469 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Food intake is a basic need to sustain life, but foodborne pathogens and food-related xenobiotics are also the main health concerns regarding intestinal barrier homeostasis. With a predominant role in the well-being of the entire human body, intestinal barrier homeostasis is strictly regulated by epithelial and immune cells. These cells are also the main intervenients in oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases in the intestinal tract, triggered, for example, by genetic/epigenetic factors, food additives, pesticides, drugs, pathogens, and their metabolites. Nevertheless, the human diet can also be seen as a solution for the problem, mainly via the inclusion of functional foods or nutraceuticals that may act as antioxidant/anti-inflammatory agents to prevent and mitigate acute and chronic oxidative damage and inflammation. A literature analysis of recent advances in this topic highlights the significant role of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) pathways in these biological processes, with many natural products and phytochemicals targeting endogenous antioxidant systems and cytokine production and balance. In this review, we summarized and discussed studies using in vitro and in vivo models of the intestinal tract used to reproduce oxidative damage and inflammatory events, as well as the role of natural products as modulators of Nrf2 and NK-kB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4gro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Cremin M, Tay EXY, Ramirez VT, Murray K, Nichols RK, Brust-Mascher I, Reardon C. TRPV1 controls innate immunity during Citrobacter rodentium enteric infection. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011576. [PMID: 38109366 PMCID: PMC10758261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal immunity is critical to host protection from enteric pathogens and must be carefully controlled to prevent immunopathology. Regulation of immune responses can occur through a diverse range of mechanisms including bi-directional communication with neurons. Among which include specialized sensory neurons that detect noxious stimuli due to the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) ion channel and have a significant role in the coordination of host-protective responses to enteric bacterial pathogens. Here we have used the mouse-adapted attaching and effacing pathogen Citrobacter rodentium to assess the specific role of TRPV1 in coordinating the host response. TRPV1 knockout (TRPV1-/-) mice had a significantly higher C. rodentium burden in the distal colon and fecal pellets compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Increased bacterial burden was correlated with significantly increased colonic crypt hyperplasia and proliferating intestinal epithelial cells in TRPV1-/- mice compared to WT. Despite the increased C. rodentium burden and histopathology, the recruitment of colonic T cells producing IFNγ, IL-17, or IL-22 was similar between TRPV1-/- and WT mice. In evaluating the innate immune response, we identified that colonic neutrophil recruitment in C. rodentium infected TRPV1-/- mice was significantly reduced compared to WT mice; however, this was independent of neutrophil development and maturation within the bone marrow compartment. TRPV1-/- mice were found to have significantly decreased expression of the neutrophil-specific chemokine Cxcl6 and the adhesion molecules Icam1 in the distal colon compared to WT mice. Corroborating these findings, a significant reduction in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, but not MAdCAM-1 protein on the surface of colonic blood endothelial cells from C. rodentium infected TRPV1-/- mice compared to WT was observed. These findings demonstrate the critical role of TRPV1 in regulating the host protective responses to enteric bacterial pathogens, and mucosal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cremin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Valerie T. Ramirez
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kaitlin Murray
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Rene K. Nichols
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ingrid Brust-Mascher
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Colin Reardon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
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Dörk R, Pelczar P, Shiri AM, Volmari A, Zierz E, Giannou A, Böttcher M, Bosurgi L, Huber S, Manthey CF. Myeloid Cell-Specific Deletion of PDGFR-α Promotes Dysbiotic Intestinal Microbiota and thus Increased Colitis Susceptibility. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1858-1869. [PMID: 37377226 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] is steadily increasing, and thus the identification of new targets to improve therapy is a major goal. Growth factors of the PDGF family and their receptors are expressed early in intestinal development and are found in mononuclear cells and macrophages in adult tissues. Macrophages play a distinct role in the pathogenesis of IBD since their function is crucial to maintaining tolerance. METHODS We aimed to study the role of myeloid expression of PDGFR-α in mediating intestinal homeostasis in mouse IBD and infectious models. RESULTS Our results show that loss of myeloid PDGFR-α increases susceptibility to dextran saline sulphate-induced colitis. Accordingly, LysM-PDGFR-α-/- mice showed higher colitis scores, and reduced levels of anti-inflammatory macrophages compared to control mice. This effect was mediated via a pro-colitogenic microbiota, which developed in the absence of myeloid PDGFR-α and caused increased colitis susceptibility in gnotobiotic mice upon faecal microbiota transplantation compared to controls. Furthermore, LysM-PDGFR-α-/- mice had a leaky gut, accompanied by impaired phagocytosis, resulting in a severe barrier defect. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results indicate a protective role for myeloid PDGFR-α in maintaining gut homeostasis by promoting a protective intestinal microbiota and providing an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Dörk
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Penelope Pelczar
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmad M Shiri
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Volmari
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Zierz
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anastasios Giannou
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marius Böttcher
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lidia Bosurgi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin F Manthey
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- GIM, Pferdebachstr. 29, 58455 Witten, Germany
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7
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Khajah MA, Hawai S, Barakat A, Albaloushi A, Alkharji M, Masocha W. Minocycline synergizes with corticosteroids in reducing colitis severity in mice via the modulation of pro-inflammatory molecules. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1252174. [PMID: 38034999 PMCID: PMC10687282 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1252174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A few studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory properties of minocycline in reducing colitis severity in mice, but its molecular mechanism is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory properties of minocycline and the expression/activity profiles of molecules involved in pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, cytokines, and molecules involved in the apoptotic machinery. The synergistic effect between minocycline and corticosteroids was also evaluated. Methods: The effects of various treatment approaches were determined in mice using the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model at gross and microscopic levels. The expression/activity profiles of various pro- or anti-inflammatory molecules were determined using Western blotting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Minocycline treatment significantly reduced colitis severity using prophylactic and treatment approaches and produced a synergistic effect with budesonide and methylprednisolone in reducing the active state of colitis. This was mediated in part through reduced colonic expression/activity of pro-inflammatory molecules, cytokines, proteins involved in the apoptotic machinery, and increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Conclusion: Minocycline synergizes with corticosteroids to reduce colitis severity, which could reduce their dose-dependent side effects and treatment cost. The reduction in colitis severity was achieved by modulating the expression/activity profiles of various pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling molecules, cytokines, and molecules involved in the apoptotic machinery.
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8
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Liong S, Miles MA, Mohsenipour M, Liong F, Hill-Yardin EL, Selemidis S. Influenza A virus infection during pregnancy causes immunological changes in gut-associated lymphoid tissues of offspring mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 325:G230-G238. [PMID: 37431584 PMCID: PMC10435073 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00062.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Maternal influenza A virus (IAV) infection during pregnancy can affect offspring immune programming and development. Offspring born from influenza-infected mothers are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and have impaired respiratory mucosal immunity against pathogens. The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) represents a large proportion of the immune system in the body and plays an important role in gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis. This includes immune modulation to antigens derived from food or microbes, gut microbiota composition, and gut-brain axis signaling. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of maternal IAV infection on mucosal immunity of the GI tract in the offspring. There were no major anatomical changes to the gastrointestinal tract of offspring born to influenza-infected dams. In contrast, maternal IAV did affect the mucosal immunity of offspring, showing regional differences in immune cell profiles within distinct GALT. Neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltration was increased in the cecal patch offspring from IAV-infected dams. In the Peyer's patches, only activated CD4+ T cells were increased in IAV offspring. IL-6 gene expression was also elevated in the cecal patch but not in the Peyer's patches of IAV offspring. These findings suggest that maternal IAV infection perturbs homeostatic mucosal immunity in the offspring gastrointestinal tract. This could have profound ramifications on the gut-brain axis and mucosal immunity in the lungs leading to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections and neurological disorders in the offspring later in life.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Influenza A virus (IAV) infection during pregnancy is associated with changes in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the offspring in a region-dependent manner. Neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages were elevated in the cecal patch of offspring from infected dams. This increase in innate immune cell infiltration was not observed in the Peyer's patches. T cells were also elevated in the cecal patch but not in the Peyer's patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark A Miles
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mitra Mohsenipour
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Felicia Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elisa L Hill-Yardin
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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9
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Cremin M, Tay E, Ramirez VT, Murray K, Nichols RK, Brust-Mascher I, Reardon C. TRPV1 controls innate immunity during Citrobacter rodentium enteric infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.26.550772. [PMID: 37546968 PMCID: PMC10402119 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.26.550772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal immunity is critical to host protection from enteric pathogens and must be carefully controlled to prevent immunopathology. Regulation of immune responses can occur through a diverse range of mechanisms including bi-directional communication with the neurons. Among which include specialized sensory neurons that detect noxious stimuli due to the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) ion channel and have a significant role in the coordination of host-protective responses to enteric bacterial pathogens. Here we have used the mouse-adapted attaching and effacing pathogen Citrobacter rodentium to assess the specific role of the TRPV1 channel in coordinating the host response. TRPV1 knockout (TRPV1-/-) mice had a significantly higher C. rodentium burden in the distal colon and fecal pellets compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Increased bacterial burden was correlated with significantly increased colonic crypt hyperplasia and proliferating intestinal epithelial cells in TRPV1-/- mice compared to WT. Despite the increased C. rodentium burden and histopathology, the recruitment of colonic T cells producing IFNγ, IL-17, or IL-22 was similar between TRPV1-/- and WT mice. In evaluating the innate immune response, we identified that colonic neutrophil recruitment in C. rodentium infected TRPV1-/- mice was significantly reduced compared to WT mice; however, this was independent of neutrophil development and maturation within the bone marrow compartment. TRPV1-/- mice were found to have significantly decreased expression of the neutrophil-specific chemokine Cxcl6 and the adhesion molecules Icam1 in the distal colon compared to WT mice. Corroborating these findings, a significant reduction in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, but not MAdCAM-1 protein on the surface of colonic blood endothelial cells from C. rodentium infected TRPV1-/- mice compared to WT was observed. These findings demonstrate the critical role of TRPV1 in regulating the host protective responses to enteric bacterial pathogens, and mucosal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cremin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Emmy Tay
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Valerie T. Ramirez
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kaitlin Murray
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Rene K. Nichols
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ingrid Brust-Mascher
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Colin Reardon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
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10
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Monaghan KL, Zheng W, Akhter H, Wang L, Ammer AG, Li P, Lin JX, Hu G, Leonard WJ, Wan ECK. Tetramerization of STAT5 regulates monocyte differentiation and the dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117828. [PMID: 37153611 PMCID: PMC10157487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to external stimuli during immune responses, monocytes can have multifaceted roles such as pathogen clearance and tissue repair. However, aberrant control of monocyte activation can result in chronic inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces monocyte differentiation into a heterogenous population of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and macrophages. However, the downstream molecular signals that dictate the differentiation of monocytes under pathological conditions is incompletely understood. We report here that the GM-CSF-induced STAT5 tetramerization is a critical determinate of monocyte fate and function. Monocytes require STAT5 tetramers to differentiate into moDCs. Conversely, the absence of STAT5 tetramers results in a switch to a functionally distinct monocyte-derived macrophage population. In the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colitis, STAT5 tetramer-deficient monocytes exacerbate disease severity. Mechanistically, GM-CSF signaling in STAT5 tetramer-deficient monocytes results in the overexpression of arginase I and a reduction in nitric oxide synthesis following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. Correspondingly, the inhibition of arginase I activity and sustained supplementation of nitric oxide ameliorates the worsened colitis in STAT5 tetramer-deficient mice. This study suggests that STAT5 tetramers protect against severe intestinal inflammation through the regulation of arginine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Monaghan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Halima Akhter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Amanda G. Ammer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Microscope Imaging Facility, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Peng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jian-Xin Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Bioinformatics Core, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Warren J. Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Edwin C. K. Wan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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11
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Breznik JA, Jury J, Verdú EF, Sloboda DM, Bowdish DME. Diet-induced obesity alters intestinal monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophages and increases intestinal permeability in female mice independent of tumor necrosis factor. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G305-G321. [PMID: 36749921 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00231.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are essential for homeostatic maintenance of the anti-inflammatory and tolerogenic intestinal environment, yet monocyte-derived macrophages can promote local inflammation. Proinflammatory macrophage accumulation within the intestines may contribute to the development of systemic chronic inflammation and immunometabolic dysfunction in obesity. Using a model of high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J female mice, we assessed intestinal paracellular permeability by in vivo and ex vivo assays and quantitated intestinal macrophages in ileum and colon tissues by multicolor flow cytometry after short (6 wk), intermediate (12 wk), and prolonged (18 wk) diet allocation. We characterized monocyte-derived CD4-TIM4- and CD4+TIM4- macrophages, as well as tissue-resident CD4+TIM4+ macrophages. Diet-induced obesity had tissue- and time-dependent effects on intestinal permeability, as well as monocyte and macrophage numbers, surface marker phenotype, and intracellular production of the cytokines IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). We found that obese mice had increased paracellular permeability, in particular within the ileum, but this did not elicit recruitment of monocytes nor a local proinflammatory response by monocyte-derived or tissue-resident macrophages in either the ileum or colon. Proliferation of monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophages was also unchanged. Wild-type and TNF-/- littermate mice had similar intestinal permeability and macrophage population characteristics in response to diet-induced obesity. These data are unique from reported effects of diet-induced obesity on macrophages in metabolic tissues, as well as outcomes of acute inflammation within the intestines. These experiments also collectively indicate that TNF does not mediate effects of diet-induced obesity on paracellular permeability or intestinal monocyte-derived and tissue-resident intestinal macrophages in young female mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found that diet-induced obesity in female mice has tissue- and time-dependent effects on intestinal paracellular permeability as well as monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophage numbers, surface marker phenotype, and intracellular production of the cytokines IL-10 and TNF. These changes were not mediated by TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Breznik
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Jury
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elena F Verdú
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah M Sloboda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dawn M E Bowdish
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Pathways Affected by Falcarinol-Type Polyacetylenes and Implications for Their Anti-Inflammatory Function and Potential in Cancer Chemoprevention. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061192. [PMID: 36981118 PMCID: PMC10048309 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyacetylene phytochemicals are emerging as potentially responsible for the chemoprotective effects of consuming apiaceous vegetables. There is some evidence suggesting that polyacetylenes (PAs) impact carcinogenesis by influencing a wide variety of signalling pathways, which are important in regulating inflammation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, etc. Studies have shown a correlation between human dietary intake of PA-rich vegetables with a reduced risk of inflammation and cancer. PA supplementation can influence cell growth, gene expression and immunological responses, and has been shown to reduce the tumour number in rat and mouse models. Cancer chemoprevention by dietary PAs involves several mechanisms, including effects on inflammatory cytokines, the NF-κB pathway, antioxidant response elements, unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, growth factor signalling, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. This review summarises the published research on falcarinol-type PA compounds and their mechanisms of action regarding cancer chemoprevention and also identifies some gaps in our current understanding of the health benefits of these PAs.
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13
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Dander E, Vinci P, Vetrano S, Recordati C, Piazza R, Fazio G, Bardelli D, Bugatti M, Sozio F, Piontini A, Bonanomi S, Bertola L, Tassistro E, Valsecchi MG, Calza S, Vermi W, Biondi A, Del Prete A, Sozzani S, D'Amico G. The chemerin/CMKLR1 axis regulates intestinal graft-versus-host disease. JCI Insight 2023; 8:154440. [PMID: 36883565 PMCID: PMC10077469 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT). Chemerin is a chemotactic protein that recruits leukocytes to inflamed tissues by interacting with ChemR23/CMKLR1, a chemotactic receptor expressed by leukocytes, including macrophages. During acute GvHD, chemerin plasma levels were strongly increased in allo-BM-transplanted mice. The role of the chemerin/CMKLR1 axis in GvHD was investigated using Cmklr1-KO mice. WT mice transplanted with an allogeneic graft from Cmklr1-KO donors (t-KO) had worse survival and more severe GvHD. Histological analysis demonstrated that the gastrointestinal tract was the organ mostly affected by GvHD in t-KO mice. The severe colitis of t-KO mice was characterized by massive neutrophil infiltration and tissue damage associated with bacterial translocation and exacerbated inflammation. Similarly, Cmklr1-KO recipient mice showed increased intestinal pathology in both allogeneic transplant and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Notably, the adoptive transfer of WT monocytes into t-KO mice mitigated GvHD manifestations by decreasing gut inflammation and T cell activation. In patients, higher chemerin serum levels were predictive of GvHD development. Overall, these results suggest that CMKLR1/chemerin may be a protective pathway for the control of intestinal inflammation and tissue damage in GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Dander
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Vinci
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefania Vetrano
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Camilla Recordati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Unimi, Milan, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Hematology Division and Bone Marrow Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Grazia Fazio
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Donatella Bardelli
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Sozio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Piontini
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonanomi
- Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Bertola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Unimi, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tassistro
- Bicocca Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging (B4 center), School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging (B4 center), School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefano Calza
- Biostatistics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.,Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
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14
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de Andrade STQ, Guidugli TI, Borrego A, Rodrigues BLC, Fernandes NCCDA, Guerra JM, de Sousa JG, Starobinas N, Jensen JR, Cabrera WHK, De Franco M, Ibañez OM, Massa S, Ribeiro OG. Slc11a1 gene polymorphism influences dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a murine model of acute inflammation. Genes Immun 2023; 24:71-80. [PMID: 36792680 PMCID: PMC10110460 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease characterized by colonic mucosal lesions associated with an increased risk of carcinogenesis. UC pathogenesis involves environmental and genetic factors. Genetic studies have indicated the association of gene variants coding for the divalent metal ion transporter SLC11A1 protein (formerly NRAMP1) with UC susceptibility in several animal species. Two mouse lines were genetically selected for high (AIRmax) or low (AIRmin) acute inflammatory responses (AIR). AIRmax is susceptible, and AIRmin is resistant to DSS-induced colitis and colon carcinogenesis. Furthermore, AIRmin mice present polymorphism of the Slc11a1 gene. Here we investigated the possible modulating effect of the Slc11a1 R and S variants in DSS-induced colitis by using AIRmin mice homozygous for Slc11a1 R (AIRminRR) or S (AIRminSS) alleles. We evaluated UC by the disease activity index (DAI), considering weight loss, diarrhea, blood in the anus or feces, cytokines, histopathology, and cell populations in the distal colon epithelium. AIRminSS mice have become susceptible to DSS effects, with higher DAI, IL6, G-CSF, and MCP-1 production and morphological and colon histopathological alterations than AIRminRR mice. The results point to a role of the Slc11a1 S allele in DSS colitis induction in the genetic background of AIRmin mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Borrego
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Nancy Starobinas
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Solange Massa
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Interleukin 11 confers resistance to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. iScience 2023; 26:105934. [PMID: 36685040 PMCID: PMC9852934 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is tightly regulated by epithelial cells, leukocytes, and stromal cells, and its dysregulation is associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. Interleukin (IL)-11, a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, is produced by inflammatory fibroblasts during acute colitis. However, the role of IL-11 in the development of colitis is still unclear. Herein, we showed that IL-11 ameliorated DSS-induced acute colitis in mouse models. We found that deletion of Il11ra1 or Il11 rendered mice highly susceptible to DSS-induced colitis compared to the respective control mice. The number of apoptotic epithelial cells was increased in DSS-treated Il11ra1- or Il11-deficient mice. Moreover, we showed that IL-11 production was regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by lysozyme M-positive myeloid cells. These findings indicate that fibroblast-produced IL-11 plays an important role in protecting the mucosal epithelium in acute colitis. Myeloid cell-derived ROS contribute to the attenuation of colitis through the production of IL-11.
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16
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Song X, Xiang C, He C, Xie Y, Zhou Y, Wang N, Guo G, Zhang W, Li Y, Liu K, Zou Q, Guo H, Shi Y. Interleukin 17 B regulates colonic myeloid cell infiltration in a mouse model of DSS-induced colitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1055256. [PMID: 36814913 PMCID: PMC9940313 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1055256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines play vital roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. IL17B is protective in the development of colitis. However, how IL17B regulates intestinal inflammation and what cells are regulated by IL17B is still unknown. Here, we aimed to illustrate the IL17B dependent cellular and molecular changes in colon tissue in a mouse colitis model. The results showed that IL17B expression in colon tissues was elevated in inflamed tissues than non-inflamed tissues of IBD patients. Wild type (WT) and Il17b deficient (Il17b -/-) mice were given 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) water, and in some case, Il17b -/- mice were treated with recombinant mouse IL17B. IL17B deficiency resulted in severe DSS-induced colitis with exaggerated weight loss, shorter colon length, and elevated proinflammatory cytokines in colon. Reconstitution of Il17b -/- mice with recombinant IL17B alleviated the severity of DSS-induced colitis. Single cell transcriptional analyses of CD45+ immune cells in colonic lamina propria revealed that loss of IL17B resulted in an increased neutrophil infiltration and enhanced inflammatory cytokines in intestinal macrophages in colitis, which were confirmed by real-time PCR and flow cytometry. IL17B treatment also inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in bone marrow-derived macrophages and mice. IL17B inhibits colitis by regulating colonic myeloid cell response. It might represent a novel potential therapeutic approach to treat the colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaomei Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanying Xiang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunmei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaiyun Liu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Wang EJ, Wu MY, Ren ZY, Zheng Y, Ye RD, TAN CSH, Wang Y, Lu JH. Targeting macrophage autophagy for inflammation resolution and tissue repair in inflammatory bowel disease. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad004. [PMID: 37152076 PMCID: PMC10157272 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, non-specific, recurrent inflammatory disease, majorly affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its unclear pathogenesis, the current therapeutic strategy for IBD is focused on symptoms alleviation. Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies and subsequent functional studies have highlighted the critical role of autophagy in IBD via a number of mechanisms, including modulating macrophage function. Macrophages are the gatekeepers of intestinal immune homeostasis, especially involved in regulating inflammation remission and tissue repair. Interestingly, many autophagic proteins and IBD-related genes have been revealed to regulate macrophage function, suggesting that macrophage autophagy is a potentially important process implicated in IBD regulation. Here, we have summarized current understanding of macrophage autophagy function in pathogen and apoptotic cell clearance, inflammation remission and tissue repair regulation in IBD, and discuss how this knowledge can be used as a strategy for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ming-Yue Wu
- Center for Metabolic Liver Diseases and Center for Cholestatic Liver Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zheng-yu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Richard D Ye
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Chris Soon Heng TAN
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
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18
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The Impacts of Iron Overload and Ferroptosis on Intestinal Mucosal Homeostasis and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214195. [PMID: 36430673 PMCID: PMC9697168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is maintained through the interplay of the intestinal mucosa, local and systemic immune factors, and the microbial content of the gut. Iron is a trace mineral in most organisms, including humans, which is essential for growth, systemic metabolism and immune response. Paradoxically, excessive iron intake and/or high iron status can be detrimental to iron metabolism in the intestine and lead to iron overload and ferroptosis-programmed cell death mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation within cell membranes, which contributes to several intestinal diseases. In this review, we comprehensively review recent findings on the impacts of iron overload and ferroptosis on intestinal mucosal homeostasis and inflammation and then present the progress of iron overload and ferroptosis-targeting therapy in intestinal diseases. Understanding the involved mechanisms can provide a new understanding of intestinal disease pathogenesis and facilitate advanced preventive and therapeutic strategies for intestinal dysfunction and diseases.
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19
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Neutrophils in Intestinal Inflammation: What We Know and What We Could Expect for the Near Future. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord4040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are short-lived cells that play a crucial role in inflammation. As in other tissues, these polymorphonuclear phagocytes are involved in the intestinal inflammatory response, on the one hand, contributing to the activation and recruitment of other immune cells, but on the other hand, facilitating intestinal mucosa repair by releasing mediators that aid in the resolution of inflammation. Even though these responses are helpful in physiological conditions, excessive recruitment of activated neutrophils in the gut correlates with increased mucosal damage and severe symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and pre-clinical models of colitis. Thus, there is growing interest in controlling their biology to generate novel therapeutic approaches capable of reducing exacerbated intestinal inflammation. However, the beneficial and harmful effects of neutrophils on intestinal inflammation are still controversial. With this review, we summarise and discuss the most updated literature showing how neutrophils (and neutrophil extracellular traps) contribute to developing and resolving intestinal inflammation and their putative use as therapeutic targets.
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20
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Li M, Zhang R, Li J, Li J. The Role of C-Type Lectin Receptor Signaling in the Intestinal Microbiota-Inflammation-Cancer Axis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:894445. [PMID: 35619716 PMCID: PMC9127077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.894445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a subset of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), C-type lectin-like receptors (CLRs) are mainly expressed by myeloid cells as both transmembrane and soluble forms. CLRs recognize not only pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), but also damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to promote innate immune responses and affect adaptive immune responses. Upon engagement by PAMPs or DAMPs, CLR signaling initiates various biological activities in vivo, such as cytokine secretion and immune cell recruitment. Recently, several CLRs have been implicated as contributory to the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation, which represents a prominent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). CLRs function as an interface among microbiota, intestinal epithelial barrier and immune system, so we firstly discussed the relationship between dysbiosis caused by microbiota alteration and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), then focused on the role of CLRs signaling in pathogenesis of IBD (including Mincle, Dectin-3, Dectin-1, DCIR, DC-SIGN, LOX-1 and their downstream CARD9). Given that CLRs mediate intricate inflammatory signals and inflammation plays a significant role in tumorigenesis, we finally highlight the specific effects of CLRs on CRC, especially colitis-associated cancer (CAC), hoping to open new horizons on pathogenesis and therapeutics of IBD and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Runfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingnan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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21
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Cao Q, Mertens RT, Sivanathan KN, Cai X, Xiao P. Macrophage orchestration of epithelial and stromal cell homeostasis in the intestine. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:313-331. [PMID: 35593111 PMCID: PMC9543232 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ru0322-176r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a complex ecosystem where numerous cell types of epithelial, immune, neuronal, and endothelial origin coexist in an intertwined, highly organized manner. The functional equilibrium of the intestine relies heavily on the proper crosstalk and cooperation among each cell population. Furthermore, macrophages are versatile, innate immune cells that participate widely in the modulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling. Emerging evidence suggest that macrophages are central in orchestrating tissue homeostasis. Herein, we describe how macrophages interact with epithelial cells, neurons, and other types of mesenchymal cells under the context of intestinal inflammation, followed by the therapeutic implications of cellular crosstalk pertaining to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Randall Tyler Mertens
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kisha Nandini Sivanathan
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuechun Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Elfiky AMI, Ghiboub M, Li Yim AYF, Hageman IL, Verhoeff J, de Krijger M, van Hamersveld PHP, Welting O, Admiraal I, Rahman S, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Wildenberg ME, Tomlinson L, Gregory R, Rioja I, Prinjha RK, Furze RC, Lewis HD, Mander PK, Heinsbroek SEM, Bell MJ, de Jonge WJ. Carboxylesterase-1 Assisted Targeting of HDAC Inhibitors to Mononuclear Myeloid Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:668-681. [PMID: 34633041 PMCID: PMC9089418 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Histone deacetylase inhibitors [HDACi] exert potent anti-inflammatory effects. Because of the ubiquitous expression of HDACs, clinical utility of HDACi is limited by off-target effects. Esterase-sensitive motif [ESM] technology aims to deliver ESM-conjugated compounds to human mononuclear myeloid cells, based on their expression of carboxylesterase 1 [CES1]. This study aims to investigate utility of an ESM-tagged HDACi in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. METHODS CES1 expression was assessed in human blood, in vitro differentiated macrophage and dendritic cells, and Crohn's disease [CD] colon mucosa, by mass cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction [PCR], and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. ESM-HDAC528 intracellular retention was evaluated by mass spectrometry. Clinical efficacy of ESM-HDAC528 was tested in dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced colitis and T cell transfer colitis models using transgenic mice expressing human CES1 under the CD68 promoter. RESULTS CES1 mRNA was highly expressed in human blood CD14+ monocytes, in vitro differentiated and lipopolysaccharide [LPS]-stimulated macrophages, and dendritic cells. Specific hydrolysis and intracellular retention of ESM-HDAC528 in CES1+ cells was demonstrated. ESM-HDAC528 inhibited LPS-stimulated IL-6 and TNF-α production 1000 times more potently than its control, HDAC800, in CES1high monocytes. In healthy donor peripheral blood, CES1 expression was significantly higher in CD14++CD16- monocytes compared with CD14+CD16++ monocytes. In CD-inflamed colon, a higher number of mucosal CD68+ macrophages expressed CES1 compared with non-inflamed mucosa. In vivo, ESM-HDAC528 reduced monocyte differentiation in the colon and significantly improved colitis in a T cell transfer model, while having limited potential in ameliorating DSS-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that monocytes and inflammatory macrophages specifically express CES1, and can be preferentially targeted by ESM-HDAC528 to achieve therapeutic benefit in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M I Elfiky
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Mohammed Ghiboub
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Andrew Y F Li Yim
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ishtu L Hageman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon de Krijger
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia H P van Hamersveld
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Welting
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Admiraal
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shafaque Rahman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon E Wildenberg
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Tomlinson
- Discovery DMPK, IVIVT, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Richard Gregory
- Discovery DMPK, IVIVT, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Rebecca C Furze
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Huw D Lewis
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | | | - Sigrid E M Heinsbroek
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Bell
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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23
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Ray N, Jeong H, Kwon D, Kim J, Moon Y. Antibiotic Exposure Aggravates Bacteroides-Linked Uremic Toxicity in the Gut-Kidney Axis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:737536. [PMID: 35401522 PMCID: PMC8988921 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.737536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental evidence has implicated a potent link between antibiotic exposure and susceptibility to various diseases. Clinically, antibiotic treatment during platinum chemotherapy is associated with poor prognosis in patients with malignancy. In the present study, mucosal antibiotic exposure was assessed for its impact on renal distress as a sequela of platinum-based chemotherapy. Clinical transcriptome dataset-based evaluations demonstrated that levels of dysbiosis-responsive genes were elevated during renal distress, indicating pathological communications between gut and kidney. Experimentally, mucosal exposure to streptomycin aggravated platinum-induced renal tubular lesions in a mouse model. Moreover, antibiotic-induced dysbiosis increased susceptibility to gut mucosal inflammation, epithelial disruption, and bacterial exposure in response to cisplatin treatment. Further investigation of the luminal microbes indicated that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis promoted the dominance of Bacteroides species. Moreover, the functional assessment of dysbiotic microbiota predicted tryptophan metabolic pathways. In particular, dysbiosis-responsive Bacteroides acidifaciens was associated with the production of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate and renal injuries. The results of this study including bacterial community-based evaluations provide new predictive insights into the interorgan communications and interventions against dysbiosis-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Ray
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hoyoung Jeong
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Graduate Program of Genomic Data Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Dasom Kwon
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Juil Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Yuseok Moon
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Graduate Program of Genomic Data Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Yuseok Moon,
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24
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Tai SL, Mortha A. Macrophage control of Crohn's disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 367:29-64. [PMID: 35461659 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal tract is the body's largest mucosal surface and permanently exposed to microbial and environmental signals. Maintaining a healthy intestine requires the presence of sentinel grounds keeper cells, capable of controlling immunity and tissue homeostasis through specialized functions. Intestinal macrophages are such cells and important players in steady-state functions and during acute and chronic inflammation. Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory condition of the intestinal tract is proposed to be the consequence of an altered immune system through microbial and environmental stimulation. This hypothesis suggests an involvement of macrophages in the regulation of this pathology. Within this chapter, we will discuss intestinal macrophage development and highlight data suggesting their implication in chronic intestinal pathologies like Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Ling Tai
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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25
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Xue C, Lv H, Li Y, Dong N, Wang Y, Zhou J, Shi B, Shan A. Oleanolic acid reshapes the gut microbiota and alters immune-related gene expression of intestinal epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:764-773. [PMID: 34227118 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound that is present at high levels in olive oil and has several promising pharmacological effects, such as liver protection and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. The purpose of the present study was to assess whether OA treatment affects gut health compared to a control condition, including gut microbiota and intestinal epithelial immunity. RESULTS Illumina MiSeq sequencing (16S rRNA gene) was used to investigate the effect of OA on the microbial community of the intestinal tract, while Illumina HiSeq (RNA-seq) technology was used to investigate the regulatory effect of OA on gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells, which allowed for a comprehensive analysis of the effects of OA on intestinal health. The results showed that the consumption of OA initially controlled weight gain in mice and altered the composition of the gut microbiota. At the phylum level, OA significantly increased the relative abundances of cecum Firmicutes but decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria, and at the genus level it increased the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria such as Oscillibacter and Ruminiclostridium 9. Oleanolic acid treatment also altered the expression of 12 genes involved in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways of complement and coagulation cascades, hematopoietic cell lineage, and leukocyte transendothelial migration in intestinal epithelial cells to improve gut immunity. CONCLUSION Intake of OA can contribute beneficial effects by optimizing gut microbiota and altering the immune function of intestinal epithelial cells, potentially to improve intestinal health status. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Xue
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hao Lv
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Na Dong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Heilongjiang Polytechnic, Shuangcheng, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Zhou
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Baoming Shi
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Anshan Shan
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
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26
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Maheshwari A, Traub TM, Garg PM, Ethawi Y, Buonocore G. Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Clinical Features, Histopathological Characteristics, and Genetic Associations. Curr Pediatr Rev 2022; 18:210-225. [PMID: 35125082 DOI: 10.2174/1573396318666220204113858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel necrosis seen in premature infants. Although the etiopathogenesis of NEC is unclear, genetic factors may alter a patient's susceptibility, clinical course, and outcomes. This review draws from existing studies focused on individual genes and others based on microarray-based high-throughput discovery techniques. We have included evidence from our own studies and from an extensive literature search in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. To avoid bias in the identification of studies, keywords were short-listed a priori from anecdotal experience and PubMed's Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) thesaurus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terri M Traub
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Parvesh M Garg
- Global Newborn Society, Clarksville, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Yahya Ethawi
- Global Newborn Society, Clarksville, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Saudi American Hospital, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Giuseppe Buonocore
- Global Newborn Society, Clarksville, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pediatrics/ Neonatology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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27
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Spalinger MR, Schwarzfischer M, Niechcial A, Atrott K, Laimbacher A, Gottier C, Lang S, Scharl M. Loss of PTPN22 Promotes Intestinal Inflammation by Compromising Granulocyte-mediated Antibacterial Defence. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:2118-2130. [PMID: 34089589 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A single nucleotide polymorphism in protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 [PTPN22] has been associated with the onset of autoimmune disorders, but protects from Crohn's disease. PTPN22 deficiency in mice promotes intestinal inflammation by modulating lymphocyte function. However, the impact of myeloid PTPN22 in colitis development remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PTPN2 in the IL-10 and the T cell transfer colitis models. METHODS PTPN22-deficient mice were crossed with IL-10-/- and RAG2-/- mice. Naïve T cells were injected in RAG-/- mice to induce T-cell transfer colitis. Spontaneous colitis in IL-10-/- mice was monitored for up to 200 days. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate that PTPN22 in non-lymphoid immune cells is required to protect against T cell transfer-mediated and IL-10 knock-out colitis. Analysis of the intestinal immune landscape demonstrated a marked reduction of granulocyte influx into the inflamed colon in PTPN22-deficient mice. On a molecular level, granulocytes were not only reduced by numbers, but also revealed a defective function. In particular, granulocyte activation and granulocyte-mediated bacteria killing was impaired upon loss of PTPN22, resulting in elevated bacterial burden and translocation beyond the intestinal epithelial barrier in PTPN22-deficient mice. Consistently, antibiotic-induced depletion of bacteria reverted the increased colitis susceptibility in PTPN22-deficient mice, whereas granulocyte depletion induced acolitis phenotype in wild-type mice similar to that observed in PTPN22-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our data demonstrate that PTPN22 is essential for adequate granulocyte activation and antimicrobial defence to protect the inflamed intestine from bacterial invasion and exacerbated colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne R Spalinger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marlene Schwarzfischer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Niechcial
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kirstin Atrott
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Laimbacher
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Gottier
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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28
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Nighot M, Ganapathy AS, Saha K, Suchanec E, Castillo EF, Gregory A, Shapiro S, Ma T, Nighot P. Matrix Metalloproteinase MMP-12 Promotes Macrophage Transmigration Across Intestinal Epithelial Tight Junctions and Increases Severity of Experimental Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1751-1765. [PMID: 33836047 PMCID: PMC8495490 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Matrix metalloproteinases [MMPs] play an important role in extracellular matrix regulation during cell growth and wound healing. Increased expression of MMP-12 [human macrophage elastase] has been reported in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] which is characterised by the loss of epithelial tight junction [TJ] barrier function and an excessive inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of MMP-12 in intestinal TJ barrier function and inflammation. METHODS Wild type [WT] and MMP-12-/- mice were subjected to experimental acute or chronic dextran sodium sulphate [DSS] colitis. The mouse colonic permeability was measured in vivo by recycling perfusion of the entire colon and ex vivo by Ussing chamber studies. RESULTS DSS administration increased colonic permeability through modulation of TJ proteins and also increased MMP-12 expression in the colonic mucosa of WT mice. The acute as well as chronic DSS-induced increase in colonic TJ permeability and the severity of DSS colitis was found to be markedly attenuated in MMP-12-/- mice. The resistance of MMP-12-/- mice to DSS colitis was characterised by reduced macrophage infiltration and transmigration, and reduced basement membrane laminin degradation. Further in vitro and in vivo studies show that macrophage transmigration across the epithelial layer is MMP-12 dependent and the epithelial TJ barrier is compromised during macrophage transmigration. Conclusions: Together, these data demonstrate that MMP-12 mediated degradation of basement membrane laminin, macrophage transmigration, and associated loss of intestinal TJ barrier are key pathogenic factors for intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghali Nighot
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | - Kushal Saha
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Eric Suchanec
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Eliseo F Castillo
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Alyssa Gregory
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven Shapiro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Ma
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Prashant Nighot
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
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29
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Lopes TCM, Almeida GG, Souza IA, Borges DC, de Lima WG, Prazeres PHDM, Birbrair A, Arantes RME, Mosser DM, Goncalves R. High-Density-Immune-Complex Regulatory Macrophages Promote Recovery of Experimental Colitis in Mice. Inflammation 2021; 44:1069-1082. [PMID: 33394188 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages not only play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but they also play a major role in preserving intestinal homeostasis. In this work, we evaluated the role of macrophages in IBD and investigated whether the functional reprogramming of macrophages to a very specific phenotype could decrease disease pathogenesis. Thus, macrophages were stimulated in the presence of high-density immune complexes which strongly upregulate their production of IL-10 and downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines. The transfer of these high-density-immune-complex regulatory macrophages into mice with colitis was examined as a potential therapy proposal to control the disease. Animals subjected to colitis induction received these high-density-immune-complex regulatory macrophages, and then the Disease Activity Index (DAI), and macroscopic and microscopic lesions were measured. The treated group showed a dramatic improvement in all parameters analyzed, with no difference with the control group. The colon was macroscopically normal in appearance and size, and microscopically colon architecture was preserved. The immunofluorescence migration assay showed that these cells migrated to the inflamed intestine, being able to locally produce the cytokine IL-10, which could explain the dramatic improvement in the clinical and pathological condition of the animals. Thus, our results demonstrate that the polarization of macrophages to a high IL-10 producer profile after stimulation with high-density immune complexes was decisive in controlling experimental colitis, and that macrophages are a potential therapeutic target to be explored in the control of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Cristina Moreira Lopes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Izabela Aparecida Souza
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Diego Costa Borges
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo de Lima
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Dias Moura Prazeres
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Esteves Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - David M Mosser
- Laboratory of Macrophage and Host Defense - Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ricardo Goncalves
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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30
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Wang X, Undi RB, Ali N, Huycke MM. It takes a village: microbiota, parainflammation, paligenosis and bystander effects in colorectal cancer initiation. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm048793. [PMID: 33969420 PMCID: PMC10621663 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of worldwide cancer mortality. It arises from a complex milieu of host and environmental factors, including genetic and epigenetic changes in colon epithelial cells that undergo mutation, selection, clonal expansion, and transformation. The gut microbiota has recently gained increasing recognition as an additional important factor contributing to CRC. Several gut bacteria are known to initiate CRC in animal models and have been associated with human CRC. In this Review, we discuss the factors that contribute to CRC and the role of the gut microbiota, focusing on a recently described mechanism for cancer initiation, the so-called microbiota-induced bystander effect (MIBE). In this cancer mechanism, microbiota-driven parainflammation is believed to act as a source of endogenous mutation, epigenetic change and induced pluripotency, leading to the cancerous transformation of colon epithelial cells. This theory links the gut microbiota to key risk factors and common histologic features of sporadic CRC. MIBE is analogous to the well-characterized radiation-induced bystander effect. Both phenomena drive DNA damage, chromosomal instability, stress response signaling, altered gene expression, epigenetic modification and cellular proliferation in bystander cells. Myeloid-derived cells are important effectors in both phenomena. A better understanding of the interactions between the gut microbiota and mucosal immune effector cells that generate bystander effects can potentially identify triggers for parainflammation, and gain new insights into CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmin Wang
- Nantong Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Nantong Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226018, China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ram Babu Undi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Naushad Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Mark M. Huycke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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31
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Ge L, Xu M, Brant SR, Liu S, Zhu C, Shang J, Zhao Q, Zhou F. Sestrin3 enhances macrophage-mediated generation of T helper 1 and T helper 17 cells in a mouse colitis model. Int Immunol 2021; 32:421-432. [PMID: 32154559 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal macrophages participate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) through secreting pro-inflammatory and tissue-damaging factors as well as inducing the differentiation of T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of intestinal macrophage activity in IBDs is important for developing new therapeutic approaches. In the current study, the expression of Sestrins in myeloid cells and lymphocytes in colonic lamina propria (LP) was evaluated in a murine acute colitis model. We found that Sestrin3 was significantly up-regulated in LP macrophages by the colonic LP microenvironment. In the in vitro experiments, lentivirus-mediated Sestrin3 knockdown significantly reduced the production of IL-12 and IL-23 in activated macrophages, in addition to decreasing the expression of classical pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Additionally, Sestrin3 knockdown impaired macrophage-mediated generation of Th1 and Th17 cells from CD4+ T cells, probably through up-regulating the phosphorylation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in macrophages. In the in vivo experiments, adoptive transfer of Sestrin3-deficient macrophages alleviated the generation of Th1 and Th17 cells in the colonic LP and mesenteric lymph nodes. Furthermore, the adoptive transfer mitigated the severity of colitis, as demonstrated by lower production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fewer tissue lesions in the colon. Our study suggests that Sestrin3 might be crucial for macrophage-mediated generation of pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cells in IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Steven R Brant
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Shaoping Liu
- Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengliang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
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32
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Cui S, Wang C, Bai W, Li J, Pan Y, Huang X, Yang H, Feng Z, Xiang Q, Fei L, Zheng L, Huang J, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Chen Y. CD1d1 intrinsic signaling in macrophages controls NLRP3 inflammasome expression during inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/43/eaaz7290. [PMID: 33087357 PMCID: PMC7577718 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz7290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of immune responses in the gut often associates with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mouse CD1d1, an ortholog of human CD1d mainly participating in lipid-antigen presentation to NKT cells, is able to generate intrinsic signals upon stimulation. Mice with macrophage-specific CD1d1 deficiency (LymCD1d1-/- ) acquire resistance to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, attributing to the transcriptional inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome components. The hyperactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome accounts for gut epithelial proliferation and intestine-blood barrier integrity. Mechanistically, occupancy by the natural ligand glycosphingolipid iGb3, CD1d1 responds with intracellular Ser330 dephosphorylation thus to reduce the Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1)-associated AKT-STAT1 phosphorylation and subsequent NF-κB activation, eventually causing transcriptional down-regulation of Nlrp3 and its immediate substrates Il1b and Il18 in macrophages. Therefore, the counterbalancing role of CD1d1 in macrophages appears to determine severity of DSS-mediated colitis in mice. These findings propose new intervention strategies for treating IBD and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Cui
- Yanbian University Hospital, Yanbian University, Jilin Province 133000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhi Bai
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing University Center Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Jilin Province 133000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Pan
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Huang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Yang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Feng
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Xiang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fei
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zheng
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing University Center Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinggao Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Jilin Province 133000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongwen Chen
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
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33
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Ruder B, Becker C. At the Forefront of the Mucosal Barrier: The Role of Macrophages in the Intestine. Cells 2020; 9:E2162. [PMID: 32987848 PMCID: PMC7601053 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are part of the innate immunity and are key players for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. They belong to the group of mononuclear phagocytes, which exert bactericidal functions and help to clear apoptotic cells. Moreover, they play essential roles for the maintenance of epithelial integrity and tissue remodeling during wound healing processes and might be implicated in intestinal tumor development. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells and secrete immune-modulatory factors, like chemokines and cytokines, which are necessary to activate other intestinal immune cells and therefore to shape immune responses in the gut. However, overwhelming activation or increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines might also contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Presently, intestinal macrophages are in the center of intense studies, which might help to develop new therapeutic strategies to counteract the development or treat already existing inflammatory diseases in the gut. In this review, we focus on the origin of intestinal macrophages and, based on current knowledge, discuss their role in the gut during homeostasis and inflammation, as well as during intestinal wound healing and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany;
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34
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Moreira Lopes TC, Mosser DM, Gonçalves R. Macrophage polarization in intestinal inflammation and gut homeostasis. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:1163-1172. [PMID: 32886145 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut homeostasis is a process that requires a prudent balance of host responses to the beneficial enteric microbial community and the pathogenic stimuli that can arise. The lack of this balance in the intestine can result in inflammatory bowel diseases, where the immune system dysfunctions leading to exacerbated inflammatory responses. In this process, macrophages are considered to play a pivotal role. In this review, we describe the important role of macrophages in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and we discuss how altered macrophage function may lead to inflammatory bowel diseases. The plasticity of macrophages during the gut inflammatory response shows the broad role of these cells in orchestrating not only the onset of inflammation but also its termination as well as healing and repair. Indeed, the state of macrophage polarization can be the key factor in defining the resolution or the progression of inflammation and disease. Here, we discuss the different populations of macrophages and their implication in development, propagation, control and resolution of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Cristina Moreira Lopes
- Laboratório de Biologia de Macrófagos e Monócitos, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - David M Mosser
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ricardo Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Biologia de Macrófagos e Monócitos, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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35
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Viola MF, Boeckxstaens G. Intestinal resident macrophages: Multitaskers of the gut. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13843. [PMID: 32222060 PMCID: PMC7757264 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal resident macrophages play a crucial role in homeostasis and have been implicated in numerous gastrointestinal diseases. While historically believed to be largely of hematopoietic origin, recent advances in fate-mapping technology have unveiled the existence of long-lived, self-maintaining populations located in specific niches throughout the gut wall. Furthermore, the advent of single-cell technology has enabled an unprecedented characterization of the functional specialization of tissue-resident macrophages throughout the gastrointestinal tract. PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to provide a panorama on intestinal resident macrophages, with particular focus to the recent advances in the field. Here, we discuss the functions and phenotype of intestinal resident macrophages and, where possible, the functional specialization of these cells in response to the niche they occupy. Furthermore, we will discuss their role in gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Viola
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA)Laboratory for Neuro Immune InteractionTranslational Research in GastroIntestinal Disorders (TARGID)KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Guy Boeckxstaens
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA)Laboratory for Neuro Immune InteractionTranslational Research in GastroIntestinal Disorders (TARGID)KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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36
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Chaparala A, Poudyal D, Tashkandi H, Witalison EE, Chumanevich AA, Hofseth JL, Nguyen I, Hardy O, Pittman DL, Wyatt MD, Windust A, Murphy EA, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P, Hofseth LJ. Panaxynol, a bioactive component of American ginseng, targets macrophages and suppresses colitis in mice. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2026-2036. [PMID: 32547701 PMCID: PMC7275787 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis has a significant impact on the quality of life for the patients, and can substantially increase the risk of colon cancer in patients suffering long-term. Conventional treatments provide only modest relief paired with a high risk of side effects, while complementary and alternative medicines can offer safe and effective options. Over the past decade, we have shown that both American ginseng and its hexane fraction (HAG) have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can suppress mouse colitis and prevent colitis-associated colon cancer. With the goal of isolating a single active compound, we further fractionated HAG, and found the most abundant molecule in this fraction was the polyacetylene, panaxynol (PA). After isolating and characterizing PA, we tested the efficacy of PA in the treatment and prevention of colitis in mice and studied the mechanism of action. We demonstrate here that PA effectively treats colitis in a Dextran Sulfate Sodium mouse model by targeting macrophages for DNA damage and apoptosis. This study provides additional mechanistic evidence that American ginseng can be used for conventional treatment of colitis and other diseases associated with macrophage dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Chaparala
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Deepak Poudyal
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Hossam Tashkandi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Erin E Witalison
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Alexander A Chumanevich
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jenna L Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Ivy Nguyen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Olivia Hardy
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Douglas L Pittman
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael D Wyatt
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Anthony Windust
- Measurement Science and Standards, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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37
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Lahtinen P, Jalanka J, Hartikainen A, Mattila E, Hillilä M, Punkkinen J, Koskenpato J, Anttila VJ, Tillonen J, Satokari R, Arkkila P. Randomised clinical trial: faecal microbiota transplantation versus autologous placebo administered via colonoscopy in irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020; 51:1321-1331. [PMID: 32343000 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been associated with microbial dysbiosis. AIM To investigate the efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in the treatment of IBS. METHODS Forty-nine IBS patients were randomised to receive autologous or allogenic FMT via colonoscopy. The primary endpoint was a sustained, minimum of 50-point, reduction in the IBS Symptom Severity Score. The secondary outcomes were levels of anxiety and depression, changes in quality of life, gut microbiota and faecal water content as assessed with validated questionnaires, intestinal microbiota composition and stool dry weight. RESULTS The primary endpoint was not achieved in either group. However, there was a transient reduction in the mean IBS Symptom Severity Score in the FMT group at 12 weeks after treatment as compared to baseline (P = 0.01). The groups did not differ in the number of patients achieving clinical response at 12 weeks. In the FMT-treated patients, microbial composition had changed to resemble that of the donor and the stool water content decreased significantly compared to baseline. The depression score decreased in patients with a reduction in IBS symptoms after FMT, but not in those placebo-treated patients who experienced a reduction in IBS symptoms. CONCLUSIONS FMT provided only a transient relief of symptoms, although it induced a sustained alteration in the microbiota of IBS patients. Therefore, FMT delivered by a single infusion via colonoscopy cannot be recommended as a treatment for IBS in clinical practice. ClinicalTrials.Org, Trial registration number: NCT03561519.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perttu Lahtinen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonna Jalanka
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hartikainen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Hillilä
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Helsinki University Hospital, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jari Punkkinen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Porvoo Hospital, Porvoo, Finland
| | - Jari Koskenpato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aava Medical Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veli-Jukka Anttila
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyrki Tillonen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland
| | - Reetta Satokari
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Perttu Arkkila
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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38
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Caveolar communication with xenobiotic-stalled ribosomes compromises gut barrier integrity. Commun Biol 2020; 3:270. [PMID: 32461676 PMCID: PMC7253476 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to internal and external insults, the intestinal lining undergoes various types of epithelial adaptation or pathologic distress via stress-responsive eIF2α kinase signaling and subsequent cellular reprogramming. As a vital platform for growth factor-linked adaptive signaling, caveolae were evaluated for epithelial modulation of the insulted gut. Patients under ulcerative insult displayed enhanced expression of caveolin-1, the main structural component of caveolae, which was positively associated with expression of protein kinase R (PKR), the ribosomal stress-responsive eIF2α kinase. PKR-linked biological responses were simulated in experimental gut models of ribosome-inactivating stress using mice and Caenorhabditis elegans. Caveolar activation counteracted the expression of wound-protective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its target genes, such as chemokines that were pivotal for epithelial integrity in the ribosome-inactivated gut. Mechanistic findings regarding ribosomal inactivation-associated disorders in the gut barrier provide crucial molecular evidence for detrimental caveolar actions against EGFR-mediated epithelial protection in patients with IBD.
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39
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TRPV Subfamily (TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPV5, and TRPV6) Gene and Protein Expression in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:2906845. [PMID: 32455137 PMCID: PMC7231094 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2906845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction TRPVs are a group of receptors with a channel activity predominantly permeable to Ca2+. This subfamily is involved in the development of gastrointestinal diseases such as ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of the study was to characterize the gene and protein expression of the TRPV subfamily in UC patients and controls. Methods We determined by quantitative PCR the gene expression of TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPV5, and TRPV6 in 45 UC patients (29 active UC and 16 remission UC) and 26 noninflamed controls. Protein expression was evaluated in 5 μm thick sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 5 customized severe active UC patients and 5 control surgical specimens. Results TRPV2 gene expression was increased in the control group compared with active UC and remission patients (P = 0.002 and P = 0.05, respectively). TRPV3 gene expression was significantly higher in controls than in active UC patients (P = 0.002). The gene expression of TRPV4 was significantly higher in colonic tissue from patients with remission UC compared with active UC patients (P = 0.05) and controls (P = 0.005). TRPV5 had significantly higher mRNA levels in a control group compared with active UC patients (P = 0.02). The gene expression of TRPV6 was significantly higher in the colonic tissue from patients with active UC compared with the control group (P = 0.05). The protein expression of TRPV2 was upregulated in the mucosa and submucosa from the controls compared with the UC patients (P ≤ 0.003). The protein expression of TRPV3 and TRPV4 was upregulated in all intestinal layers from the controls compared with the UC patients (P < 0.001). TRPV5 was upregulated in the submucosa and serosa from the controls vs. UC patients (P < 0.001). TRPV6 was upregulated in all intestinal layers from the UC patients vs. controls (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion The TRPV subfamily clearly showed a differential expression in the UC patients compared with the controls, suggesting their role in the pathophysiology of UC.
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Wang D, Chen L, Fu Y, Kang Q, Wang X, Ma X, Li X, Sheng J. Avertin affects murine colitis by regulating neutrophils and macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106153. [PMID: 31931369 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anesthetics are thought to be involved in immunomodulation. Avertin is one of the safest and most commonly used intravenous anesthetics in rodent experiments; it is also widely used in euthanasia of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) models. This study aimed to define the role and mechanism of action of Avertin on murine colitis. We assessed the effects of a single Avertin injection on colitis using the disease activity index (DAI), pathology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), multiplex-ELISA, flow cytometry, and routine blood examination in wild-type (WT) and dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-treated mice. Although Avertin caused acute cecitis in WT mice after 24 h and aggravated inflammation in the medium term, it alleviated inflammation in the late stage of DSS-induced colitis according to the DAI. Avertin upregulated MPO production and induced the accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in intestinal mucosa of both WT and DSS-treated mice; the altered MPO might indicate a change in respiratory burst. However, it exhibited a more effective suppression of inflammatory factors secreted by macrophages as the colitis progressed. Avertin led to an increase in neutrophils and decrease in monocytes in both WT and DSS-treated mice blood. Our findings suggest that Avertin aggravates inflammation in the early and medium terms, but alleviates inflammation in the late stage of colitis by regulating neutrophils and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Linxiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China; Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yanxia Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qian Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xianzong Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xuhang Li
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21205, United States
| | - Jianqiu Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We briefly address the advances in genetics, pathophysiology, and phenotypes of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). This is one of the most studied primary immunodeficiencies, which comprise mutations in genes encoding the different subunits of the NADPH oxidase system. Those mutations lead to defective reactive oxygen species production, and consequently a failure to eliminate pathogens. RECENT FINDINGS Patients with CGD are susceptible to fungal, bacterial, and parasitic infections. Other symptoms, as systemic adverse effects to BCG vaccine and hyperinflammation, are also important clinical conditions in this disease. This wide-ranging clinical spectrum of CGD comes from heterogeneity of mutations, X-linked-CGD or autosomal recessive inheritance, and diverse environmental pressure factors. Early accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment are necessary to diminish the consequences of the disease. The most used diagnostic tests are dihydrorhodamine, cytochrome c reduction, and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. SUMMARY The determination of mutations is essential for diagnosis confirmation and genetic counseling. CGD treatment usually includes prophylactic antibiotics and antifungals. Prophylactic recombinant human interferon-γ, immunosuppressors or immune modulators may be, respectively, indicated for preventing infections or inflammatory manifestations. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy are currently the available options for curative treatment of CGD.
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Freitag TL, Hartikainen A, Jouhten H, Sahl C, Meri S, Anttila VJ, Mattila E, Arkkila P, Jalanka J, Satokari R. Minor Effect of Antibiotic Pre-treatment on the Engraftment of Donor Microbiota in Fecal Transplantation in Mice. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2685. [PMID: 31824463 PMCID: PMC6881239 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective therapy for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) and is also considered a potential treatment for a wide range of intestinal and systemic diseases. FMT corrects the microbial dysbiosis associated with rCDI, and the engraftment of donor microbiota is likely to play a key role in treatment efficacy. For disease indications other than rCDI, FMT treatment efficacy has been moderate. This may be partly due to stronger resilience of resident host microbiota in patients who do not suffer from rCDI. In rCDI, patients typically have undergone several antibiotic treatments prior to FMT, depleting the microbiota. In this study, we addressed the effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics (Ab) as a pre-treatment to FMT on the engraftment of donor microbiota in recipients. We conducted a pre-clinical study of FMT between two healthy mouse strains, Balb/c as donors and C57BL/6 as recipients, to perform FMT within the same species and to mimic interindividual FMT between human donors and patients. Microbiota composition was assessed with high-throughput 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. The microbiota of Balb/c and C57BL/6 mice differed significantly, which allowed for the assessment of microbiota transplantation from the donor strain to the recipient. Our results showed that Ab-treatment depleted microbiota in C57BL/6 recipient mice prior to FMT. The diversity of microbiota did not recover spontaneously to baseline levels during 8 weeks after Ab-treatment, but was restored already at 2 weeks in mice receiving FMT. Interestingly, pre-treatment with antibiotics prior to FMT did not increase the overall similarity of the recipient’s microbiota to that of the donor’s, as compared with mice receiving FMT without Ab-treatment. Pre-treatment with Ab improved the establishment of only a few donor-derived taxa, such as Bifidobacterium, in the recipients, thus having a minor effect on the engraftment of donor microbiota in FMT. In conclusion, pre-treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics did not improve the overall engraftment of donor microbiota, but did improve the engraftment of specific taxa. These results may inform future therapeutic studies of FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias L Freitag
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hartikainen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanne Jouhten
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cecilia Sahl
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Meri
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veli-Jukka Anttila
- Department of Infectious Disease, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Mattila
- Department of Infectious Disease, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Perttu Arkkila
- Department of Gastroenterology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonna Jalanka
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reetta Satokari
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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A three-dimensional immunocompetent intestine-on-chip model as in vitro platform for functional and microbial interaction studies. Biomaterials 2019; 220:119396. [PMID: 31398556 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of the microbial composition in the gut and the concomitant dysregulation of the mucosal immune response are associated with the pathogenesis of opportunistic infections, chronic inflammation, and inflammatory bowel disease. To create a platform for the investigation of the underlying mechanisms, we established a three-dimensional microphysiological model of the human intestine. This model resembles organotypic microanatomical structures and includes tissue resident innate immune cells exhibiting features of mucosal macrophages and dendritic cells. The model displays the physiological immune tolerance of the intestinal lumen to microbial-associated molecular patterns and can, therefore, be colonised with living microorganisms. Functional studies on microbial interaction between probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus and the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans show that pre-colonization of the intestinal lumen of the model by L. rhamnosus reduces C. albicans-induced tissue damage, lowers its translocation, and limits fungal burden. We demonstrate that microbial interactions can be efficiently investigated using the in vitro model creating a more physiological and immunocompetent microenvironment. The intestinal model allows a detailed characterisation of the immune response, microbial pathogenicity mechanisms, and quantification of cellular dysfunction attributed to alterations in the microbial composition.
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He J, Song Y, Li G, Xiao P, Liu Y, Xue Y, Cao Q, Tu X, Pan T, Jiang Z, Cao X, Lai L, Wang Q. Fbxw7 increases CCL2/7 in CX3CR1hi macrophages to promote intestinal inflammation. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:3877-3893. [PMID: 31246581 DOI: 10.1172/jci123374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident and inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes (MPh) with functional plasticity in the intestine are critically involved in the pathology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), in which the mechanism remains incompletely understood. In the present study, we found that increased expression of E3 ligase FBXW7 in the inflamed intestine was significantly correlated to IBD severity in both human diseases and mice model. Myeloid-Fbxw7 deficiency protected mice from dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and 2,6,4-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis. Fbxw7 deficiency resulted in decreased production of chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 by colonic CX3CR1hi resident macrophages and reduced accumulation of CX3CR1int pro-inflammatory MPh in colitis colon tissue. Mice received AAV-shFbxw7 administration showed significantly improved survival rate and alleviated colitis. Mechanisms screening demonstrated that FBXW7 suppresses H3K27me3 modification and promotes Ccl2 and Ccl7 expression via degradation of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 in macrophages. Taken together, our results indicate that FBXW7 degrades EZH2 and increases Ccl2/Ccl7 in CX3CR1hi macrophages, which promotes the recruiting CX3CR1int pro-inflammatory MPh into local colon tissues with colitis. Targeting FBXW7 might represent a potential therapeutic approach for intestine inflammation intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinjing Song
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Xue
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and
| | - Xintao Tu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhinong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yang FC, Chiu PY, Chen Y, Mak TW, Chen NJ. TREM-1-dependent M1 macrophage polarization restores intestinal epithelium damaged by DSS-induced colitis by activating IL-22-producing innate lymphoid cells. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:46. [PMID: 31189465 PMCID: PMC6560756 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is highly expressed on macrophages in inflamed intestines and reportedly promotes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by augmenting pro-inflammatory responses. To study the mechanism mediated by TREM-1 on macrophages, we generated an independent TREM-1 deficient mouse. METHODS Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 and TREM-1-deficient mice by the administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Colonic lamina propria immune cell composition and cytokines were analyzed. An innate lymphoid cell (ILC) co-culture experiment with macrophages was used to analyze IL-22 levels. Exogenous IL-22 and TREM-1-expressing macrophages were supplied to TREM-1-deficient mice for examining their effects on intestinal barrier integrity. RESULTS In inflamed colons, TREM-1 loss compromised the activation of ILC3 and their production of IL-22, which is required for intestinal barrier integrity. ILC3-mediated IL-22 production depends on IL-1β secreted by M1-polarized macrophages, and we found that TREM-1 deficiency results in a decreased number of IL-1β producing-M1 macrophages in colons exposed to DSS. Accordingly, DSS-mediated damage was ameliorated by supplying exogenous IL-22 and TREM-1-expressing macrophages to TREM-1-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS TREM-1 plays a crucial role in regulating IL-22 production by ILC3 through modulating M1-macrophage polarization during DSS-induced acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Yang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chiu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tak W. Mak
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1 Canada
| | - Nien-Jung Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kostovcikova K, Coufal S, Galanova N, Fajstova A, Hudcovic T, Kostovcik M, Prochazkova P, Jiraskova Zakostelska Z, Cermakova M, Sediva B, Kuzma M, Tlaskalova-Hogenova H, Kverka M. Diet Rich in Animal Protein Promotes Pro-inflammatory Macrophage Response and Exacerbates Colitis in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:919. [PMID: 31105710 PMCID: PMC6497971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a major factor determining gut microbiota composition and perturbances in this complex ecosystem are associated with the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we used gnotobiotic approach to analyze, how interaction between diet rich in proteins and gut microbiota influences the sensitivity to intestinal inflammation in murine model of ulcerative colitis. We found that diet rich in animal protein (aHPD) exacerbates acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis while diet rich in plant protein (pHPD) does not. The deleterious effect of aHPD was also apparent in chronic DSS colitis and was associated with distinct changes in gut bacteria and fungi. Therefore, we induced acute DSS-colitis in germ-free mice and transferred gut microbiota from aCD or aHPD fed mice to find that this effect requires presence of microbes and aHPD at the same time. The aHPD did not change the number of regulatory T cells or Th17 cells and still worsened the colitis in immuno-deficient RAG2 knock-out mice suggesting that this effect was not dependent on adaptive immunity. The pro-inflammatory effect of aHPD was, however, abrogated when splenic macrophages were depleted with clodronate liposomes. This treatment prevented aHPD induced increase in colonic Ly-6Chigh pro-inflammatory monocytes, but the ratio of resident Ly-6C−/low macrophages was not changed. These data show that the interactions between dietary protein of animal origin and gut microbiota increase sensitivity to intestinal inflammation by promoting pro-inflammatory response of monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Kostovcikova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia.,Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Stepan Coufal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Natalie Galanova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Alena Fajstova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Hudcovic
- Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Nový Hrádek, Czechia
| | - Martin Kostovcik
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Prochazkova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Martina Cermakova
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Blanka Sediva
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
| | - Miloslav Kverka
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czechia
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Castro-Dopico T, Clatworthy MR. IgG and Fcγ Receptors in Intestinal Immunity and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:805. [PMID: 31031776 PMCID: PMC6473071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fcγ receptors (FcγR) are cell surface glycoproteins that mediate cellular effector functions of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Genetic variation in FcγR genes can influence susceptibility to a variety of antibody-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). More recently, however, genetic studies have implicated altered FcγR signaling in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition classically associated with dysregulated innate and T cell immunity. Specifically, a variant of the activating receptor, FcγRIIA, with low affinity for IgG, confers protection against the development of ulcerative colitis, a subset of IBD, leading to a re-evaluation of the role of IgG and FcγRs in gastrointestinal tract immunity, an organ system traditionally associated with IgA. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of IgG and FcγR function at this unique host-environment interface, from the pathogenesis of colitis and defense against enteropathogens, its contribution to maternal-fetal cross-talk and susceptibility to cancer. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic implications of this information, both in terms of how FcγR signaling pathways may be targeted for the treatment of IBD and how FcγR engagement may influence the efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Castro-Dopico
- Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Menna R. Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research CentreCambridge, United Kingdom
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
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A Small Aromatic Compound Has Antifungal Properties and Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects against Intestinal Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020321. [PMID: 30646601 PMCID: PMC6359570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance of the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans to antifungal drugs has increased significantly in recent years. After screening 55 potential antifungal compounds from a chemical library, 2,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (DHMB) was identified as having potential antifungal activity. The properties of DHMB were then assessed in vitro and in vivo against C. albicans overgrowth and intestinal inflammation. Substitution on the aromatic ring of DHMB led to a strong decrease in its biological activity against C. albicans. The MIC of DHMB was highly effective at eliminating C. albicans when compared to that of caspofungin or fluconazole. Additionally, DHMB was also effective against clinically isolated fluconazole- or caspofungin-resistant C. albicans strains. DHMB was administered to animals at high doses. This compound was not cytotoxic and was well-tolerated. In experimental dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, DHMB reduced the clinical and histological score of inflammation and promoted the elimination of C. albicans from the gut. This finding was supported by a decrease in aerobic bacteria while anaerobic bacteria populations were re-established in mice treated with DHMB. DHMB is a small organic molecule with antifungal properties and anti-inflammatory activity by exerting protective effects on intestinal epithelial cells.
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Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells, which have important roles in the inflammatory response to infections or tissue injury, and have an equally important role in the resolution of inflammation. Macrophages play a key part in directing the innate immune response and subsequent adaptive immune response. They can acquire a variety of distinct but also overlapping activation states, depending on the local microenvironment, in order to perform these functions. Stimuli, such as IFNγ and LPS, can promote an inflammatory activation state, which is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Immune complexes and LPS can promote an anti-inflammatory activation state to prevent damage to the host, which is associated with the production of high levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Wound-healing macrophages can be activated by IL-4 or IL-13 and have roles in tissue remodeling and the resolution of inflammation. Macrophages are present in nearly every tissue of the body and are important for maintaining homeostasis, but their dysfunction can also lead to diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. To study the role macrophages play in a complex in vivo environment, depletion and reconstitution experiments can be utilized. Clodronate liposomes are an effective and versatile way to deplete macrophages in vivo; they can allow selective depletion from tissues of interest and can be used on transgenic mice. However, clodronate liposomes deplete all types of macrophages as well as dendritic cells, so other strategies are required in parallel to determine whether macrophages or macrophages of a particular activation state are required. Reconstitution of macrophages by adoptive transfer can be performed, with or without prior depletion, to further suggest that the observed effect is macrophage dependent. Macrophages activated ex vivo or macrophages from transgenic mice can be adoptively transferred during disease models to determine whether a specific protein or activation state affects disease outcome. Macrophage contribution to health and disease can be effectively studied using depletion with clodronate liposomes and by macrophage reconstitution, as demonstrated in this chapter.
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50
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Bain CC, Schridde A. Origin, Differentiation, and Function of Intestinal Macrophages. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2733. [PMID: 30538701 PMCID: PMC6277706 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are increasingly recognized as essential players in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and as key sentinels of the intestinal immune system. However, somewhat paradoxically, they are also implicated in chronic pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are therefore considered potential targets for novel therapies. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of intestinal macrophage heterogeneity, their ontogeny and the potential factors that regulate their origin. We will describe how the local environment of the intestine imprints the phenotypic and functional identity of the macrophage compartment, and how this changes during intestinal inflammation and infection. Finally, we highlight key outstanding questions that should be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum C Bain
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anika Schridde
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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