1
|
Tessema MB, Feng S, Enosi Tuipulotu D, Farrukee R, Ngo C, Gago da Graça C, Yamomoto M, Utzschneider DT, Brooks AG, Londrigan SL, Man SM, Reading PC. Mouse guanylate-binding proteins of the chromosome 3 cluster do not mediate antiviral activity in vitro or in mouse models of infection. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1050. [PMID: 39183326 PMCID: PMC11345437 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamin-like GTPase proteins, including myxoma (Mx) and guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs), are among the many interferon stimulated genes induced following viral infections. While studies report that human (h)GBPs inhibit different viruses in vitro, few have convincingly demonstrated that mouse (m)GBPs mediate antiviral activity, although mGBP-deficient mice have been used extensively to define their importance in immunity to diverse intracellular bacteria and protozoa. Herein, we demonstrate that individual (overexpression) or collective (knockout (KO) mice) mGBPs of the chromosome 3 cluster (mGBPchr3) do not inhibit replication of five viruses from different virus families in vitro, nor do we observe differences in virus titres recovered from wild type versus mGBPchr3 KO mice after infection with three of these viruses (influenza A virus, herpes simplex virus type 1 or lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus). These data indicate that mGBPchr3 do not appear to be a major component of cell-intrinsic antiviral immunity against the diverse viruses tested in our studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melkamu B Tessema
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Shouya Feng
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Rubaiyea Farrukee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Chinh Ngo
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Catarina Gago da Graça
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Masahiro Yamomoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daniel T Utzschneider
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Sarah L Londrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Si Ming Man
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Patrick C Reading
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang Y, Cai L, Jia S, Xie W, Wang X, Li J, Cui W, Li G, Xia X, Tang L. Guanylate-binding protein 1 inhibits inflammatory factors produced by H5N1 virus through Its GTPase activity. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103800. [PMID: 38743966 PMCID: PMC11108968 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of inflammatory factors resulting from an influenza A virus infection is one of the main causes of death in host animals. Studies have shown that guinea pig guanosine monophosphate binding protein 1 (guanylate-binding protein 1, gGBP1) can downregulate cytokine production induced by the influenza virus. Therefore, exploring the innate immune defense mechanism of GBP1 in the process of H5N1 influenza virus infection has important implications for understanding the pathogenic mechanism, disease prevention, and the control of influenza A virus infections. We found that, in addition to inhibiting the early replication of influenza virus, gGBP1 also inhibited the production of CCL2 and CXCL10 cytokines induced by the influenza virus as well as the proliferation of mononuclear macrophages induced by these cytokines. These findings further confirmed that gGBP1 inhibited the production of cytokines through its GTPase activity and cell proliferation through its C-terminal α-helix structure. This study revealed the effect of gGBP1 on the production of cellular inflammatory factors during influenza virus infection and determined the key amino acid residues that assist in the inhibitory processes mediated by gGBP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jiang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Limeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuo Jia
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weichun Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wen Cui
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guiwei Li
- Institute of Rural Revitalization Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Harbin 150023, China
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Lijie Tang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mascarenhas DP, Zamboni DS. Innate immune responses and monocyte-derived phagocyte recruitment in protective immunity to pathogenic bacteria: insights from Legionella pneumophila. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 80:102495. [PMID: 38908045 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Legionella species are Gram-negative intracellular bacteria that evolved in soil and freshwater environments, where they infect and replicate within various unicellular protozoa. The primary virulence factor of Legionella is the expression of a type IV secretion system (T4SS), which contributes to the translocation of effector proteins that subvert biological processes of the host cells. Because of its evolution in unicellular organisms, T4SS effector proteins are not adapted to subvert specific mammalian signaling pathways and immunity. Consequently, Legionella pneumophila has emerged as an interesting infection model for investigating immune responses against pathogenic bacteria in multicellular organisms. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of mammalian innate immunity derived from studies involving L. pneumophila. This includes recent insights into inflammasome-mediated mechanisms restricting bacterial replication in macrophages, mechanisms inducing cell death in response to infection, induction of effector-triggered immunity, activation of specific pulmonary cell types in mammalian lungs, and the protective role of recruiting monocyte-derived cells to infected lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Pa Mascarenhas
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Dario S Zamboni
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu Z, Kombe Kombe AJ, Deng S, Zhang H, Wu S, Ruan J, Zhou Y, Jin T. NLRP inflammasomes in health and disease. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:14. [PMID: 38644450 PMCID: PMC11033252 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
NLRP inflammasomes are a group of cytosolic multiprotein oligomer pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) produced by infected cells. They regulate innate immunity by triggering a protective inflammatory response. However, despite their protective role, aberrant NLPR inflammasome activation and gain-of-function mutations in NLRP sensor proteins are involved in occurrence and enhancement of non-communicating autoimmune, auto-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the last few years, significant advances have been achieved in the understanding of the NLRP inflammasome physiological functions and their molecular mechanisms of activation, as well as therapeutics that target NLRP inflammasome activity in inflammatory diseases. Here, we provide the latest research progress on NLRP inflammasomes, including NLRP1, CARD8, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRP7, NLRP2, NLRP9, NLRP10, and NLRP12 regarding their structural and assembling features, signaling transduction and molecular activation mechanisms. Importantly, we highlight the mechanisms associated with NLRP inflammasome dysregulation involved in numerous human auto-inflammatory, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases. Overall, we summarize the latest discoveries in NLRP biology, their forming inflammasomes, and their role in health and diseases, and provide therapeutic strategies and perspectives for future studies about NLRP inflammasomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Xu
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Shasha Deng
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Songquan Wu
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jianbin Ruan
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06030, USA.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Core Facility Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Core Facility Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
- Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schelle L, Côrte-Real JV, Fayyaz S, del Pozo Ben A, Shnipova M, Petersen M, Lotke R, Menon B, Matzek D, Pfaff L, Pinheiro A, Marques JP, Melo-Ferreira J, Popper B, Esteves PJ, Sauter D, Abrantes J, Baldauf HM. Evolutionary and functional characterization of lagomorph guanylate-binding proteins: a story of gain and loss and shedding light on expression, localization and innate immunity-related functions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1303089. [PMID: 38348040 PMCID: PMC10859415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1303089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are an evolutionarily ancient family of proteins that are widely distributed among eukaryotes. They belong to the dynamin superfamily of GTPases, and their expression can be partially induced by interferons (IFNs). GBPs are involved in the cell-autonomous innate immune response against bacterial, parasitic and viral infections. Evolutionary studies have shown that GBPs exhibit a pattern of gene gain and loss events, indicative for the birth-and-death model of evolution. Most species harbor large GBP gene clusters that encode multiple paralogs. Previous functional and in-depth evolutionary studies have mainly focused on murine and human GBPs. Since rabbits are another important model system for studying human diseases, we focus here on lagomorphs to broaden our understanding of the multifunctional GBP protein family by conducting evolutionary analyses and performing a molecular and functional characterization of rabbit GBPs. We observed that lagomorphs lack GBP3, 6 and 7. Furthermore, Leporidae experienced a loss of GBP2, a unique duplication of GBP5 and a massive expansion of GBP4. Gene expression analysis by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and transcriptome data revealed that leporid GBP expression varied across tissues. Overexpressed rabbit GBPs localized either uniformly and/or discretely to the cytoplasm and/or to the nucleus. Oryctolagus cuniculus (oc)GBP5L1 and rarely ocGBP5L2 were an exception, colocalizing with the trans-Golgi network (TGN). In addition, four ocGBPs were IFN-inducible and only ocGBP5L2 inhibited furin activity. In conclusion, from an evolutionary perspective, lagomorph GBPs experienced multiple gain and loss events, and the molecular and functional characteristics of ocGBP suggest a role in innate immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Schelle
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - João Vasco Côrte-Real
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Sharmeen Fayyaz
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- National Institute of Virology, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Augusto del Pozo Ben
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Margarita Shnipova
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Petersen
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rishikesh Lotke
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bhavna Menon
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dana Matzek
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core facility Animal Models (CAM), Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Pfaff
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core facility Animal Models (CAM), Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Pinheiro
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marques
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
- ISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - José Melo-Ferreira
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Bastian Popper
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Core facility Animal Models (CAM), Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Pedro José Esteves
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
- CITS - Center of Investigation in Health Technologies, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Daniel Sauter
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joana Abrantes
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Hanna-Mari Baldauf
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kirkby M, Enosi Tuipulotu D, Feng S, Lo Pilato J, Man SM. Guanylate-binding proteins: mechanisms of pattern recognition and antimicrobial functions. Trends Biochem Sci 2023; 48:883-893. [PMID: 37567806 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are a family of intracellular proteins which have diverse biological functions, including pathogen sensing and host defense against infectious disease. These proteins are expressed in response to interferon (IFN) stimulation and can localize and target intracellular microbes (e.g., bacteria and viruses) by protein trafficking and membrane binding. These properties contribute to the ability of GBPs to induce inflammasome activation, inflammation, and cell death, and to directly disrupt pathogen membranes. Recent biochemical studies have revealed that human GBP1, GBP2, and GBP3 can directly bind to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria. In this review we discuss emerging data highlighting the functional versatility of GBPs, with a focus on their molecular mechanisms of pattern recognition and antimicrobial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Kirkby
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Shouya Feng
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jordan Lo Pilato
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Si Ming Man
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Hua S, Bao H, Yuan J, Zhao Y, Chen S. Pyroptosis and inflammasomes in cancer and inflammation. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e374. [PMID: 37752941 PMCID: PMC10518439 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonprogrammed cell death (NPCD) and programmed cell death (PCD) are two types of cell death. Cell death is significantly linked to tumor development, medication resistance, cancer recurrence, and metastatic dissemination. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of cell death is essential for the treatment of cancer. Pyroptosis is a kind of PCD distinct from autophagy and apoptosis in terms of the structure and function of cells. The defining features of pyroptosis include the release of an inflammatory cascade reaction and the expulsion of lysosomes, inflammatory mediators, and other cellular substances from within the cell. Additionally, it displays variations in osmotic pressure both within and outside the cell. Pyroptosis, as evidenced by a growing body of research, is critical for controlling the development of inflammatory diseases and cancer. In this paper, we reviewed the current level of knowledge on the mechanism of pyroptosis and inflammasomes and their connection to cancer and inflammatory diseases. This article presents a theoretical framework for investigating the potential of therapeutic targets in cancer and inflammatory diseases, overcoming medication resistance, establishing nanomedicines associated with pyroptosis, and developing risk prediction models in refractory cancer. Given the link between pyroptosis and the emergence of cancer and inflammatory diseases, pyroptosis-targeted treatments may be a cutting-edge treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie‐Lin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Sheng‐Ni Hua
- Department of Radiation OncologyZhuhai Peoples HospitalZhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Hai‐Juan Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
The immune system of multicellular organisms protects them from harmful microbes. To establish an infection in the face of host immune responses, pathogens must evolve specific strategies to target immune defense mechanisms. One such defense is the formation of intracellular protein complexes, termed inflammasomes, that are triggered by the detection of microbial components and the disruption of homeostatic processes that occur during bacterial infection. Formation of active inflammasomes initiates programmed cell death pathways via activation of inflammatory caspases and cleavage of target proteins. Inflammasome-activated cell death pathways such as pyroptosis lead to proinflammatory responses that protect the host. Bacterial infection has the capacity to influence inflammasomes in two distinct ways: activation and perturbation. In this review, we discuss how bacterial activities influence inflammasomes, and we discuss the consequences of inflammasome activation or evasion for both the host and pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice I Herrmann
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; ,
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James P Grayczyk
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; ,
- Current affiliation: Oncology Discovery, Abbvie, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA;
| | - Igor E Brodsky
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; ,
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao Z, Meng Z, He X, Chen G, Fang Y, Tian H, Zhang H, Jing Z. Guanylate-Binding Protein 2 Exerts GTPase-Dependent Anti-Ectromelia Virus Effect. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2258. [PMID: 37764102 PMCID: PMC10534507 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are highly expressed interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that play significant roles in protecting against invading pathogens. Although their functions in response to RNA viruses have been extensively investigated, there is limited information available regarding their role in DNA viruses, particularly poxviruses. Ectromelia virus (ECTV), a member of the orthopoxvirus genus, is a large double-stranded DNA virus closely related to the monkeypox virus and variola virus. It has been intensively studied as a highly effective model virus. According to the study, GBP2 overexpression suppresses ECTV replication in a dose-dependent manner, while GBP2 knockdown promotes ECTV infection. Additionally, it was discovered that GBP2 primarily functions through its N-terminal GTPase activity, and the inhibitory effect of GBP2 was disrupted in the GTP-binding-impaired mutant GBP2K51A. This study is the first to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of GBP2 on ECTV, and it offers insights into innovative antiviral strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.G.); (X.H.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (H.T.); (H.Z.)
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zejing Meng
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Xiaobing He
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.G.); (X.H.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (H.T.); (H.Z.)
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Guohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.G.); (X.H.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (H.T.); (H.Z.)
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Yongxiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.G.); (X.H.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (H.T.); (H.Z.)
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Huihui Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.G.); (X.H.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (H.T.); (H.Z.)
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.G.); (X.H.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (H.T.); (H.Z.)
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zhizhong Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.G.); (X.H.); (G.C.); (Y.F.); (H.T.); (H.Z.)
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tessema MB, Tuipulotu DE, Oates CV, Brooks AG, Man SM, Londrigan SL, Reading PC. Mouse guanylate-binding protein 1 does not mediate antiviral activity against influenza virus in vitro or in vivo. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:383-396. [PMID: 36744765 PMCID: PMC10952839 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes are upregulated within host cells following infection with influenza and other viruses. While the antiviral activity of some IFN-stimulated genes, such as the IFN-inducible GTPase myxoma resistance (Mx)1 protein 1, has been well defined, less is known regarding the antiviral activities of related IFN-inducible GTPases of the guanylate-binding protein (GBP) family, particularly mouse GBPs, where mouse models can be used to assess their antiviral properties in vivo. Herein, we demonstrate that mouse GBP1 (mGBP1) was upregulated in a mouse airway epithelial cell line (LA-4 cells) following pretreatment with mouse IFNα or infection by influenza A virus (IAV). Whereas doxycycline-inducible expression of mouse Mx1 (mMx1) in LA-4 cells resulted in reduced susceptibility to IAV infection and reduced viral growth, inducible mGBP1 did not. Moreover, primary cells isolated from mGBP1-deficient mice (mGBP1-/- ) showed no difference in susceptibility to IAV and mGBP1-/- macrophages showed no defect in IAV-induced NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome activation. After intranasal IAV infection, mGBP1-/- mice also showed no differences in virus replication or induction of inflammatory responses in the airways during infection. Thus, using complementary approaches such as mGBP1 overexpression, cells from mGBP1-/- mice and intranasal infection of mGBP1-/- we demonstrate that mGBP1 does not play a major role in modulating IAV infection in vitro or in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melkamu B Tessema
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Clare V Oates
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Si Ming Man
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Sarah L Londrigan
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Patrick C Reading
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference LaboratoryThe Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dickinson M, Kutsch M, Sistemich L, Hernandez D, Piro A, Needham D, Lesser C, Herrmann C, Coers J. LPS-aggregating proteins GBP1 and GBP2 are each sufficient to enhance caspase-4 activation both in cellulo and in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216028120. [PMID: 37023136 PMCID: PMC10104521 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216028120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gamma-interferon (IFNγ)-inducible guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) promote host defense against gram-negative cytosolic bacteria in part through the induction of an inflammatory cell death pathway called pyroptosis. To activate pyroptosis, GBPs facilitate sensing of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by the noncanonical caspase-4 inflammasome. There are seven human GBP paralogs, and it is unclear how each GBP contributes to LPS sensing and pyroptosis induction. GBP1 forms a multimeric microcapsule on the surface of cytosolic bacteria through direct interactions with LPS. The GBP1 microcapsule recruits caspase-4 to bacteria, a process deemed essential for caspase-4 activation. In contrast to GBP1, closely related paralog GBP2 is unable to bind bacteria on its own but requires GBP1 for direct bacterial binding. Unexpectedly, we find that GBP2 overexpression can restore gram-negative-induced pyroptosis in GBP1KO cells, without GBP2 binding to the bacterial surface. A mutant of GBP1 that lacks the triple arginine motif required for microcapsule formation also rescues pyroptosis in GBP1KO cells, showing that binding to bacteria is dispensable for GBPs to promote pyroptosis. Instead, we find that GBP2, like GBP1, directly binds and aggregates "free" LPS through protein polymerization. We demonstrate that supplementation of either recombinant polymerized GBP1 or GBP2 to an in vitro reaction is sufficient to enhance LPS-induced caspase-4 activation. This provides a revised mechanistic framework for noncanonical inflammasome activation where GBP1 or GBP2 assembles cytosol-contaminating LPS into a protein-LPS interface for caspase-4 activation as part of a coordinated host response to gram-negative bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary S. Dickinson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| | - Miriam Kutsch
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| | - Linda Sistemich
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801Bochum, Germany
| | - Dulcemaria Hernandez
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| | - Anthony S. Piro
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| | - David Needham
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC27708
| | - Cammie F. Lesser
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA02139
- Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Christian Herrmann
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Olive AJ, Smith CM, Baer CE, Coers J, Sassetti CM. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Evasion of Guanylate Binding Protein-Mediated Host Defense in Mice Requires the ESX1 Secretion System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2861. [PMID: 36769182 PMCID: PMC9917499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-intrinsic immune mechanisms control intracellular pathogens that infect eukaryotes. The intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) evolved to withstand cell-autonomous immunity to cause persistent infections and disease. A potent inducer of cell-autonomous immunity is the lymphocyte-derived cytokine IFNγ. While the production of IFNγ by T cells is essential to protect against Mtb, it is not capable of fully eradicating Mtb infection. This suggests that Mtb evades a subset of IFNγ-mediated antimicrobial responses, yet what mechanisms Mtb resists remains unclear. The IFNγ-inducible Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are key host defense proteins able to control infections with intracellular pathogens. GBPs were previously shown to directly restrict Mycobacterium bovis BCG yet their role during Mtb infection has remained unknown. Here, we examine the importance of a cluster of five GBPs on mouse chromosome 3 in controlling Mycobacterial infection. While M. bovis BCG is directly restricted by GBPs, we find that the GBPs on chromosome 3 do not contribute to the control of Mtb replication or the associated host response to infection. The differential effects of GBPs during Mtb versus M. bovis BCG infection is at least partially explained by the absence of the ESX1 secretion system from M. bovis BCG, since Mtb mutants lacking the ESX1 secretion system become similarly susceptible to GBP-mediated immune defense. Therefore, this specific genetic interaction between the murine host and Mycobacteria reveals a novel function for the ESX1 virulence system in the evasion of GBP-mediated immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Olive
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Clare M. Smith
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 22710, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christina E. Baer
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01650, USA
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 22710, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 22710, USA
| | - Christopher M. Sassetti
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01650, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
van Puffelen JH, Novakovic B, van Emst L, Kooper D, Zuiverloon TCM, Oldenhof UTH, Witjes JA, Galesloot TE, Vrieling A, Aben KKH, Kiemeney LALM, Oosterwijk E, Netea MG, Boormans JL, van der Heijden AG, Joosten LAB, Vermeulen SH. Intravesical BCG in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer induces trained immunity and decreases respiratory infections. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005518. [PMID: 36693678 PMCID: PMC9884868 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BCG is recommended as intravesical immunotherapy to reduce the risk of tumor recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Currently, it is unknown whether intravesical BCG application induces trained immunity. METHODS The aim of this research was to determine whether BCG immunotherapy induces trained immunity in NMIBC patients. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study in 17 NMIBC patients scheduled for BCG therapy and measured trained immunity parameters at 9 time points before and during a 1-year BCG maintenance regimen. Ex vivo cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, epigenetic modifications, and changes in the monocyte transcriptome were measured. The frequency of respiratory infections was investigated in two larger cohorts of BCG-treated and non-BCG treated NMIBC patients as a surrogate measurement of trained immunity. Gene-based association analysis of genetic variants in candidate trained immunity genes and their association with recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival after BCG therapy was performed to investigate the hypothesized link between trained immunity and clinical response. RESULTS We found that intravesical BCG does induce trained immunity based on an increased production of TNF and IL-1β after heterologous ex vivo stimulation of circulating monocytes 6-12 weeks after intravesical BCG treatment; and a 37% decreased risk (OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.01)) for respiratory infections in BCG-treated versus non-BCG-treated NMIBC patients. An epigenomics approach combining chromatin immuno precipitation-sequencing and RNA-sequencing with in vitro trained immunity experiments identified enhanced inflammasome activity in BCG-treated individuals. Finally, germline variation in genes that affect trained immunity was associated with recurrence and progression after BCG therapy in NMIBC. CONCLUSION We conclude that BCG immunotherapy induces trained immunity in NMIBC patients and this may account for the protective effects against respiratory infections. The data of our gene-based association analysis suggest that a link between trained immunity and oncological outcome may exist. Future studies should further investigate how trained immunity affects the antitumor immune responses in BCG-treated NMIBC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelmer H van Puffelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liesbeth van Emst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Kooper
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - J Alfred Witjes
- Department of Urology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alina Vrieling
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja K H Aben
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,IKNL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Immunology and Metabolism, University of Bonn, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joost L Boormans
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chang MX. Emerging mechanisms and functions of inflammasome complexes in teleost fish. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1065181. [PMID: 36875130 PMCID: PMC9978379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1065181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes, which are assembled in response to a diverse range of exogenous pathogens and endogenous danger signals, leading to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and induce pyroptotic cell death. Inflammasome components have been identified in teleost fish. Previous reviews have highlighted the conservation of inflammasome components in evolution, inflammasome function in zebrafish infectious and non-infectious models, and the mechanism that induce pyroptosis in fish. The activation of inflammasome involves the canonical and noncanonical pathways, which can play critical roles in the control of various inflammatory and metabolic diseases. The canonical inflammasomes activate caspase-1, and their signaling is initiated by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors. However the noncanonical inflammasomes activate inflammatory caspase upon sensing of cytosolic lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of activation of canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in teleost fish, with a particular focus on inflammasome complexes in response to bacterial infection. Furthermore, the functions of inflammasome-associated effectors, specific regulatory mechanisms of teleost inflammasomes and functional roles of inflammasomes in innate immune responses are also reviewed. The knowledge of inflammasome activation and pathogen clearance in teleost fish will shed new light on new molecular targets for treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of InSciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu T, Xu G, Li Y, Shi W, Ren L, Fang Z, Liang L, Wang Y, Gao Y, Zhan X, Li Q, Mou W, Lin L, Wei Z, Li Z, Dai W, Zhao J, Li H, Wang J, Zhao Y, Xiao X, Bai Z. Discovery of bakuchiol as an AIM2 inflammasome activator and cause of hepatotoxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115593. [PMID: 35973629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Psoralea corylifolia (P. corylifolia Linn.) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant that exhibits significant aphrodisiac, diuretic, and anti-rheumatic effects. However, it has been reported to cause hepatic injury, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the safety and risk of P. corylifolia and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), and flow cytometry were used to explore the effect of bakuchiol (Bak), one of the most abundant and biologically active components of P. corylifolia, on the AIM2 inflammasome activation and the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, we used the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced drug-induced liver injury (DILI) susceptible mice model to study the Bak-mediated hepatotoxicity. RESULTS Bak induced the maturation of caspase-1 P20, and significantly increased the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α (P < 0.0001) compared with the control group. Moreover, compared to the Bak group, knockdown of AIM2 inhibited Bak-induced caspase-1 maturation and significantly decreased the production of IL-1β and TNF-α, but knockout of NLRP3 had no effect. Mechanistically, Bak-induced AIM2 inflammasome activation is involved in mitochondrial damage, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release, and subsequent recognition of cytosolic mtDNA. Our in vivo data showed that co-exposure to LPS and non-hepatotoxic doses of Bak significantly increased the levels of ALT, AST, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-18, indicating that Bak can induce severe liver inflammation (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The result shows that Bak activates the AIM2 inflammasome by inducing mitochondrial damage to release mtDNA, and subsequently binds to the AIM2 receptor, indicating that Bak may be a risk factor for P. corylifolia-induced hepatic injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, China
| | - Guang Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yurong Li
- Department of Military Patient Management, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lutong Ren
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhie Fang
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Longxin Liang
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Mou
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Lin
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Wei
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhang Dai
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cao S, Jiao Y, Jiang W, Wu Y, Qin S, Ren Y, You Y, Tan Y, Guo X, Chen H, Zhang Y, Wu G, Wang T, Zhou Y, Song Y, Cui Y, Shao F, Yang R, Du Z. Subversion of GBP-mediated host defense by E3 ligases acquired during Yersinia pestis evolution. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4526. [PMID: 35927280 PMCID: PMC9352726 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plague has caused three worldwide pandemics in history, including the Black Death in medieval ages. Yersinia pestis, the etiological agent of plague, has evolved a powerful arsenal to disrupt host immune defenses during evolution from enteropathogenic Y. pseudotuberculosis. Here, we find that two functionally redundant E3 ligase of Y. pestis, YspE1 and YspE2, can be delivered via type III secretion injectisome into host cytosol where they ubiquitinate multiple guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) for proteasomal degradation. However, Y. pseudotuberculosis has no such capability due to lacking functional YspE1/2 homologs. YspE1/2-mediated GBP degradations significantly promote the survival of Y. pestis in macrophages and strongly inhibit inflammasome activation. By contrast, Gbpchr3−/−, chr5−/− macrophages exhibit much lowered inflammasome activation independent of YspE1/2, accompanied with an enhanced replication of Y. pestis. Accordingly, Gbpchr3−/−, chr5−/− mice are more susceptible to Y. pestis. We demonstrate that Y. pestis utilizes E3 ligases to subvert GBP-mediated host defense, which appears to be newly acquired by Y. pestis during evolution. Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) recognize pathogen containing vacuoles, leading to lysis of this intracellular niche and induction of inflammasomes. Here, Cao et al. show that Y. pestis, the causative agent of plague, secret two functionally redundant E3 ligase, YspE1 and YspE2, into the host’s cytosol to ubiquitinate multiple GBPs for proteasomal degradation to subvert host immune defense. This capability appears to be newly acquired by Y. pestis during evolution, since its closely related progenitor Y. pseudotuberculosis is unable to do so.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yarong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Si Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yang You
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yafang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Gengshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China.
| | - Zongmin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chhabra S, Sharma KB, Kalia M. Human Guanylate-Binding Protein 1 Positively Regulates Japanese Encephalitis Virus Replication in an Interferon Gamma Primed Environment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:832057. [PMID: 35663470 PMCID: PMC9160567 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.832057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA virus infection triggers interferon (IFN) receptor signaling, leading to the activation of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) belong to one such IFN inducible subfamily of guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) that have been reported to exert broad anti-microbial activity and regulate host defenses against several intracellular pathogens. Here, we investigated the role of human GBP1 (hGBP1) in Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection of HeLa cells in both an IFNγ unprimed and primed environment. We observed enhanced expression of GBP1 both at transcript and protein levels upon JEV infection, and GBP1 association with the virus replication membranes. Depletion of hGBP1 through siRNA had no effect on JEV replication or virus induced cell death in the IFNγ unprimed environment. IFNγ stimulation provided robust protection against JEV infection. Knockdown of GBP1 in the primed environment upregulated expression and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and significantly reduced JEV replication. Depletion of GBP1 in an IFNγ primed environment also inhibited virus replication in human neuroblastoma SH-SH5Y cells. Our data suggests that in the presence of IFNγ, GBP1 displays a proviral role by inhibiting innate immune responses to JEV infection.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yu Y, Pan J, Liu M, Jiang H, Xiong J, Tao L, Xue F, Tang F, Wang H, Dai J. Guanylate-binding protein 2b regulates the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signalling pathway to induce autophagy during Mycobacterium bovis infection. Virulence 2022; 13:875-889. [PMID: 35531887 PMCID: PMC9132469 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2073024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagic isolation and degradation of intracellular pathogens are employed by host cells as primary innate immune defense mechanisms to control intercellular M. bovis infection. In this study, RNA-Seq technology was used to obtain the total mRNA from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) infected with M. bovis at 6 and 24 h after infection. One of the differential genes, GBP2b, was also investigated. Analysis of the significant pathway involved in GBP2b-coexpressed mRNA demonstrated that GBP2b was associated with autophagy and autophagy-related mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. The results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed significant up-regulation of GBP2b during M. bovis infection. For in vitro validation, small interfering RNA-GBP2b plasmids were transfected into BMDMs and RAW264.7 cells lines to down-regulate the expression of GBP2b. The results showed that the down-regulation of GBP2b impaired autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway, thereby promoting the intracellular survival of M. bovis. Further studies revealed that the activation of AMPK signaling was essential for the regulation of autophagy during M. bovis infection. These findings expand the understanding of how GBP2b regulates autophagy and suggest that GBP2b may be a potential target for the treatment of diseases caused by M. bovis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youli Yu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialiang Pan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiqin Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingshu Xiong
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Xue
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Tang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjun Dai
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kumar R, Kushawaha PK. Interferon inducible guanylate binding protein 1 restricts the growth of Leishmania donovani by modulating the level of cytokines/chemokines and MAP kinase transcription factors. Microb Pathog 2022; 168:105568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
20
|
Côrte-Real JV, Baldauf HM, Melo-Ferreira J, Abrantes J, Esteves PJ. Evolution of Guanylate Binding Protein ( GBP) Genes in Muroid Rodents (Muridae and Cricetidae) Reveals an Outstanding Pattern of Gain and Loss. Front Immunol 2022; 13:752186. [PMID: 35222365 PMCID: PMC8863968 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.752186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are paramount in the host immunity by providing defense against invading pathogens. Multigene families related to the immune system usually show that the duplicated genes can either undergo deletion, gain new functions, or become non-functional. Here, we show that in muroids, the Gbp genes followed an unusual pattern of gain and loss of genes. Muroids present a high diversity and plasticity regarding Gbp synteny, with most species presenting two Gbp gene clusters. The phylogenetic analyses revealed seven different Gbps groups. Three of them clustered with GBP2, GBP5 and GBP6 of primates. Four new Gbp genes that appear to be exclusive to muroids were identified as Gbpa, b, c and d. A duplication event occurred in the Gbpa group in the common ancestor of Muridae and Cricetidae (~20 Mya), but both copies were deleted from the genome of Mus musculus, M. caroli and Cricetulus griseus. The Gbpb gene emerged in the ancestor of Muridae and Cricetidae and evolved independently originating Gbpb1 in Muridae, Gbpb2 and Gbpb3 in Cricetidae. Since Gbpc appears only in three species, we hypothesize that it was present in the common ancestor and deleted from most muroid genomes. The second Gbp gene cluster, Gbp6, is widespread across all muroids, indicating that this cluster emerged before the Muridae and Cricetidae radiation. An expansion of Gbp6 occurred in M. musculus and M. caroli probably to compensate the loss of Gbpa and b. Gbpd is divided in three groups and is present in most muroids suggesting that a duplication event occurred in the common ancestor of Muridae and Cricetidae. However, in Grammomys surdaster and Mus caroli, Gbpd2 is absent, and in Arvicanthis niloticus, Gbpd1 appears to have been deleted. Our results further demonstrated that primate GBP1, GBP3 and GBP7 are absent from the genome of muroids and showed that the Gbp gene annotations in muroids were incorrect. We propose a new classification based on the phylogenetic analyses and the divergence between the groups. Extrapolations to humans based on functional studies of muroid Gbps should be re-evaluated. The evolutionary analyses of muroid Gbp genes provided new insights about the evolution and function of these genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Vasco Côrte-Real
- Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO-InBIO), University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU) München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO), Vairão, Portugal
| | - Hanna-Mari Baldauf
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - José Melo-Ferreira
- Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO-InBIO), University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO), Vairão, Portugal
| | - Joana Abrantes
- Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO-InBIO), University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO), Vairão, Portugal
| | - Pedro José Esteves
- Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO-InBIO), University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO), Vairão, Portugal.,Center of Investigation in Health Technologies (CITS), CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Christgen S, Place D, Zheng M, Briard B, Yamamoto M, Kanneganti TD. The IFN-inducible GTPase IRGB10 regulates viral replication and inflammasome activation during influenza A virus infection in mice. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:285-296. [PMID: 34694641 PMCID: PMC8813912 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The upregulation of interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPases in response to pathogenic insults is vital to host defense against many bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. Several IFN-inducible GTPases play key roles in mediating inflammasome activation and providing host protection after bacterial or fungal infections, though their role in inflammasome activation after viral infection is less clear. Among the IFN-inducible GTPases, the expression of immunity-related GTPases (IRGs) varies widely across species for unknown reasons. Here, we report that IRGB10, but not IRGM1, IRGM2, or IRGM3, is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to influenza A virus (IAV) infection in mice. While IRGB10 functions to release inflammasome ligands in the context of bacterial and fungal infections, we found that IRGB10 facilitates endosomal maturation and nuclear translocation of IAV, thereby regulating viral replication. Corresponding with our in vitro results, we found that Irgb10-/- mice were more resistant to IAV-induced mortality than WT mice. The results of our study demonstrate a detrimental role of IRGB10 in host immunity in response to IAV and a novel function of IRGB10, but not IRGMs, in promoting viral translocation into the nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelbi Christgen
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - David Place
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Benoit Briard
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Osaka University, 3–1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Role of interferon-induced GTPases in leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010093. [PMID: 35085246 PMCID: PMC8794175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
23
|
Planès R, Santoni K, Meunier E. Analysis of Bacteria-Triggered Inflammasome: Activation in Neutrophils by Immunoblot. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2523:265-279. [PMID: 35759203 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2449-4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Detection of microbes relies on the expression of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). While PRRs can directly sense conserved pattern expressed by various microbes, they can also induce effector-triggered immunity (ETI) by sensing pathogenic alterations of cellular homeostasis. One consequence of ETI is the death of the infected cell through the induction of inflammasome-dependent cell death, namely, pyroptosis. Such process can be easily studied in macrophages and epithelial cells, yet neutrophils encode an arsenal of proteolytic enzymes that imped easy and reliable study of ETI-triggered inflammasome response. Here, we describe an immunoblotting methodology to study both ETI- and PRR-driven inflammasome responses in neutrophils upon bacterial infections. This method is also transposable to other microbial pathogen- and toxin-induced inflammasome response in neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Planès
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Karin Santoni
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Meunier
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Host defense against Neospora caninum infection via IL-12p40 production through TLR2/TLR3-AKT-ERK signaling pathway in C57BL/6 mice. Mol Immunol 2021; 139:140-152. [PMID: 34509754 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is an intracellular parasite which can cause neosporosis and significant economic losses in both dairy and beef industries worldwide. A better understanding of the immune response by host cells against N. caninum could help to design better strategies for the prevention and treatment of neosporosis. Although previous studies have shown TLR2/TLR3 were involved in controlling N. caninum infection in mice, the precise mechanisms of the AKT and MAPK pathways controlled by TLR2/TLR3 to regulate N. caninum-induced IL-12p40 production and the role of TLR2/TLR3 in anti-N. caninum infection in bovine macrophages remain unclear. In the present study, TLR2-/- mice displayed more parasite burden and lower level of IL-12p40 production compared to TLR3-/- mice. N. caninum could activate AKT and ERK signaling pathways in WT mouse macrophages, which were inhibited in TLR2-/- and TLR3-/- mouse macrophages. In N. caninum-infected WT mouse macrophages, AKT inhibitor or AKT siRNA could decrease the phosphorylation of ERK. AKT or ERK inhibitors reduced the production of IL-12p40 and increased the number of parasites. The productions of ROS, NO, and GBP2 were significantly reduced in TLR2-/- and TLR3-/- mouse macrophages. Supplementation of rIL-12p40 inhibited N. caninum proliferation and rescued the productions of IFN-γ, NO, and GBP2 in WT, TLR2-/-, and TLR3-/- mouse macrophages. In bovine macrophages, the expressions of TLR2, TLR3, and IL-12p40 mRNA were significantly enhanced by N. caninum, and N. caninum proliferation was inhibited by TLR2/TLR3 agonists. Taken together, the proliferation of N. caninum in mouse macrophages was controlled by the TLR2/TLR3-AKT-ERK signal pathway via increased IL-12p40 production, which in turn lead to the productions of NO, GBP2, and IFN-γ during N. caninum infection. And in bovine macrophages, TLR2 and TLR3 contributed to inhibiting N. caninum proliferation via increased IL-12p40 production.
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen J, Liu C, Liang T, Xu G, Zhang Z, Lu Z, Jiang J, Chen T, Li H, Huang S, Chen L, Sun X, Cen J, Zhan X. Comprehensive analyses of potential key genes in active tuberculosis: A systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26582. [PMID: 34397688 PMCID: PMC8322549 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem that brings us numerous difficulties. Diverse genetic factors play a significant role in the progress of TB disease. However, still no key genes for TB susceptibility have been reported. This study aimed to identify the key genes of TB through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. METHODS The series microarray datasets from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed. We used the online tool GEO2R to filtrate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TB and health control. Database for annotation can complete gene ontology function analysis as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of DEGs were established by STRING online tool and visualized by Cytoscape software. Molecular Complex Detection can complete the analysis of modules in the PPI networks. Finally, the significant hub genes were confirmed by plug-in Genemania of Cytoscape, and verified by the verification cohort and protein test. RESULTS There are a total of 143 genes were confirmed as DEGs, containing 48 up-regulated genes and 50 down-regulated genes. The gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis show that upregulated DEGs were associated with cancer and phylogenetic, whereas downregulated DEGs mainly concentrate on inflammatory immunity. PPI networks show that signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5), 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), and guanylate binding protein 1 (GBP1) were identified as significantly different hub genes. CONCLUSION We conclude that these genes, including TAT1, GBP5, OAS1, CTNNB1, GBP1 are a candidate as potential core genes in TB and treatment of TB in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Chen
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Liu
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Liang
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyong Xu
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zide Zhang
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Lu
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyou Chen
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengsheng Huang
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyi Chen
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xihua Sun
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiemei Cen
- Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rafeld HL, Kolanus W, van Driel IR, Hartland EL. Interferon-induced GTPases orchestrate host cell-autonomous defence against bacterial pathogens. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1287-1297. [PMID: 34003245 PMCID: PMC8286824 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-induced guanosine triphosphate hydrolysing enzymes (GTPases) have been identified as cornerstones of IFN-mediated cell-autonomous defence. Upon IFN stimulation, these GTPases are highly expressed in various host cells, where they orchestrate anti-microbial activities against a diverse range of pathogens such as bacteria, protozoan and viruses. IFN-induced GTPases have been shown to interact with various host pathways and proteins mediating pathogen control via inflammasome activation, destabilising pathogen compartments and membranes, orchestrating destruction via autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species as well as inhibiting pathogen mobility. In this mini-review, we provide an update on how the IFN-induced GTPases target pathogens and mediate host defence, emphasising findings on protection against bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heike L. Rafeld
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Waldemar Kolanus
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ian R. van Driel
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L. Hartland
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu B, Huang R, Fu T, He P, Du C, Zhou W, Xu K, Ren T. GBP2 as a potential prognostic biomarker in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11423. [PMID: 34026364 PMCID: PMC8121056 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a disease with atypical symptoms, an unfavorable response to therapy, and a poor outcome. Abnormal guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) play an important role in the host's defense against viral infection and may be related to carcinogenesis. In this study, we sought to determine the relationship between GBP2 expression and phenotype in patients with PAAD and explored the possible underlying biological mechanism. Method We analyzed the expression of GBP2 in PAAD tissues using a multiple gene expression database and a cohort of 42 PAAD patients. We evaluated GBP2's prognostic value using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox regression model. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, co-expression analysis, and GSEA were performed to illustrate the possible underlying biological mechanism. CIBERSORT and the relative expression of immune checkpoints were used to estimate the relationship between GBP2 expression and tumor immunology. Result GBP2 was remarkably overexpressed in PAAD tissue. The overexpression of GBP2 was correlated with an advanced T stage and poor overall survival (OS) and GBP2 expression was an independent risk factor for OS in PAAD patients. Functional analysis demonstrated that positively co-expressed genes of GBP2 were closely associated with pathways in cancer and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Most of the characteristic immune checkpoints, including PDCD1, PDCDL1, CTLA4, CD80, TIGIT, LAG3, IDO2, and VISTA, were significantly expressed in the high-GBP2 expression group compared with the low-GBP2 expression group. Conclusion GBP2 acted as a potential prognostic biomarker and was associated with immune infiltration and the expression of immune checkpoints in PAAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Pidu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongfei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Pidu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengyou Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sistemich L, Dimitrov Stanchev L, Kutsch M, Roux A, Günther Pomorski T, Herrmann C. Structural requirements for membrane binding of human guanylate-binding protein 1. FEBS J 2021; 288:4098-4114. [PMID: 33405388 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human guanylate-binding protein 1 (hGBP1) is a key player in innate immunity and fights diverse intracellular microbial pathogens. Its antimicrobial functions depend on hGBP1's GTP binding- and hydrolysis-induced abilities to form large, structured polymers and to attach to lipid membranes. Crucial for both of these biochemical features is the nucleotide-controlled release of the C terminally located farnesyl moiety. Here, we address molecular details of the hGBP1 membrane binding mechanism by employing recombinant, fluorescently labeled hGBP1, and artificial membranes. We demonstrate the importance of the GTPase activity and the resulting structural rearrangement of the hGBP1 molecule, which we term the open state. This open state is supported and stabilized by homodimer contacts involving the middle domain of the protein and is further stabilized by binding to the lipid bilayer surface. We show that on the surface of the lipid bilayer a hGBP1 monolayer is built in a pins in a pincushion-like arrangement with the farnesyl tail integrated in the membrane and the N-terminal GTPase domain facing outwards. We suggest that similar intramolecular contacts between neighboring hGBP1 molecules are responsible for both polymer formation and monolayer formation on lipid membranes. Finally, we show that tethering of large unilamellar vesicles occurs after the vesicle surface is fully covered by the monolayer. Both hGBP1 polymer formation and hGBP1-induced vesicle tethering have implications for understanding the molecular mechanism of combating bacterial pathogens. DATABASES: Structural data are available in RCSB Protein Data Bank under the accession numbers: 6K1Z, 2D4H.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sistemich
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Physical Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lyubomir Dimitrov Stanchev
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Miriam Kutsch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Physical Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aurélien Roux
- Biochemistry Department, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Christian Herrmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Physical Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang Y, Zhu J, Cao Y, Shen J, Yu L. Insight Into Inflammasome Signaling: Implications for Toxoplasma gondii Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:583193. [PMID: 33391259 PMCID: PMC7772217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multimeric protein complexes regulating the innate immune response to invading pathogens or stress stimuli. Recent studies have reported that nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLRs) proteins and DNA sensor absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) serve as inflammasome sentinels, whose stimulation leads to the proteolytic activation of caspase-1, proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and pyroptotic cell death. Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite of phylum Apicomplexans, is reportedly involved in NLRP1, NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes activation; however, mechanistic evidence regarding the activation of these complexes is preliminary. This review describes the current understanding of inflammasome signaling in rodent and human models of T. gondii infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jilong Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mohammadi N, Lindgren H, Golovliov I, Eneslätt K, Yamamoto M, Martin A, Henry T, Sjöstedt A. Guanylate-Binding Proteins Are Critical for Effective Control of Francisella tularensis Strains in a Mouse Co-Culture System of Adaptive Immunity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:594063. [PMID: 33363054 PMCID: PMC7758253 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.594063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is a Select Agent that causes the severe disease tularemia in humans and many animal species. The bacterium demonstrates rapid intracellular replication, however, macrophages can control its replication if primed and activation with IFN-γ is known to be essential, although alone not sufficient, to mediate such control. To further investigate the mechanisms that control intracellular F. tularensis replication, an in vitro co-culture system was utilized containing splenocytes obtained from naïve or immunized C57BL/6 mice as effectors and infected bone marrow-derived wild-type or chromosome-3-deficient guanylate-binding protein (GBP)-deficient macrophages. Cells were infected either with the F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS), the highly virulent SCHU S4 strain, or the surrogate for F. tularensis, F. novicida. Regardless of strain, significant control of the bacterial replication was observed in co-cultures with wild-type macrophages and immune splenocytes, but not in cultures with immune splenocytes and GBPchr3-deficient macrophages. Supernatants demonstrated very distinct, infectious agent-dependent patterns of 23 cytokines, whereas the cytokine patterns were only marginally affected by the presence or absence of GBPs. Levels of a majority of cytokines were inversely correlated to the degree of control of the SCHU S4 and LVS infections, but this was not the case for the F. novicida infection. Collectively, the co-culture assay based on immune mouse-derived splenocytes identified a dominant role of GBPs for the control of intracellular replication of various F. tularensis strains, regardless of their virulence, whereas the cytokine patterns markedly were dependent on the infectious agents, but less so on GBPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helena Lindgren
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Igor Golovliov
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjell Eneslätt
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Amandine Martin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anders Sjöstedt
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Finethy R, Dockterman J, Kutsch M, Orench‐Rivera N, Wallace GD, Piro AS, Luoma S, Haldar AK, Hwang S, Martinez J, Kuehn MJ, Taylor GA, Coers J. Dynamin-related Irgm proteins modulate LPS-induced caspase-11 activation and septic shock. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50830. [PMID: 33124745 PMCID: PMC7645254 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation associated with gram-negative bacterial infections is often instigated by the bacterial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS-induced inflammation and resulting life-threatening sepsis are mediated by the two distinct LPS receptors TLR4 and caspase-11 (caspase-4/-5 in humans). Whereas the regulation of TLR4 activation by extracellular and phago-endosomal LPS has been studied in great detail, auxiliary host factors that specifically modulate recognition of cytosolic LPS by caspase-11 are largely unknown. This study identifies autophagy-related and dynamin-related membrane remodeling proteins belonging to the family of Immunity-related GTPases M clade (IRGM) as negative regulators of caspase-11 activation in macrophages. Phagocytes lacking expression of mouse isoform Irgm2 aberrantly activate caspase-11-dependent inflammatory responses when exposed to extracellular LPS, bacterial outer membrane vesicles, or gram-negative bacteria. Consequently, Irgm2-deficient mice display increased susceptibility to caspase-11-mediated septic shock in vivo. This Irgm2 phenotype is partly reversed by the simultaneous genetic deletion of the two additional Irgm paralogs Irgm1 and Irgm3, indicating that dysregulated Irgm isoform expression disrupts intracellular LPS processing pathways that limit LPS availability for caspase-11 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Finethy
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Jacob Dockterman
- Department of ImmunologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Miriam Kutsch
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | | | - Graham D Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Anthony S Piro
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Sarah Luoma
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Arun K Haldar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Present address:
Division of BiochemistryCentral Drug Research Institute (CDRI)Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)LucknowIndia
| | - Seungmin Hwang
- Department of PathologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
- Present address:
VIR BiotechnologySan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease LaboratoryNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Institutes of HealthResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA
| | - Meta J Kuehn
- Department of BiochemistryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Department of ImmunologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Division of GeriatricsDepartment of MedicineCenter for the Study of Aging and Human DevelopmentDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Department of ImmunologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Schubert KA, Xu Y, Shao F, Auerbuch V. The Yersinia Type III Secretion System as a Tool for Studying Cytosolic Innate Immune Surveillance. Annu Rev Microbiol 2020; 74:221-245. [PMID: 32660389 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-120221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens have evolved complex mechanisms to interface with host cells in order to evade host defenses and replicate. However, mammalian innate immune receptors detect the presence of molecules unique to the microbial world or sense the activity of virulence factors, activating antimicrobial and inflammatory pathways. We focus on how studies of the major virulence factor of one group of microbial pathogens, the type III secretion system (T3SS) of human pathogenic Yersinia, have shed light on these important innate immune responses. Yersinia are largely extracellular pathogens, yet they insert T3SS cargo into target host cells that modulate the activity of cytosolic innate immune receptors. This review covers both the host pathways that detect the Yersinia T3SS and the effector proteins used by Yersinia to manipulate innate immune signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Andrea Schubert
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA;
| | - Yue Xu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Victoria Auerbuch
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gan J, Giogha C, Hartland EL. Molecular mechanisms employed by enteric bacterial pathogens to antagonise host innate immunity. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 59:58-64. [PMID: 32862049 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many Gram-negative enteric pathogens, including enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EPEC and EHEC), Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia species have evolved strategies to combat host defence mechanisms. Critical bacterial virulence factors, which often include but are not limited to type III secreted effector proteins, are deployed to cooperatively interfere with key host defence pathways. Recent studies in this area have not only contributed to our knowledge of bacterial pathogenesis, but have also shed light on the host pathways that are critical for controlling bacterial infection. In this review, we summarise recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the mechanisms utilised by enteric bacterial pathogens to rewire critical host innate immune responses, including cell death and inflammatory signaling and cell-intrinsic anti-microbial responses such as xenophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Gan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cristina Giogha
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L Hartland
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Oh C, Verma A, Aachoui Y. Caspase-11 Non-canonical Inflammasomes in the Lung. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1895. [PMID: 32973786 PMCID: PMC7472987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium and underlying innate immune cells comprise the first line of host defense in the lung. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) using membrane-bound receptors, as well as cytosolic receptors such as inflammasomes. Inflammasomes activate inflammatory caspases, which in turn process and release the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Additionally, inflammasomes trigger a form of lytic cell death termed pyroptosis. One of the most important inflammasomes at the host-pathogen interface is the non-canonical caspase-11 inflammasome that responds to LPS in the cytosol. Caspase-11 is important in defense against Gram-negative pathogens, and can drive inflammatory diseases such as LPS-induced sepsis. However, pathogens can employ evasive strategies to minimize or evade host caspase-11 detection. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the function of the non-canonical caspase-11 inflammasome in sensing of cytosolic LPS, and its mechanism of action with particular emphasis in the role of caspase-11 in the lung. We also explore some of the strategies pathogens use to evade caspase-11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changhoon Oh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Responses, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Ambika Verma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Responses, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Youssef Aachoui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Responses, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fisch D, Clough B, Domart MC, Encheva V, Bando H, Snijders AP, Collinson LM, Yamamoto M, Shenoy AR, Frickel EM. Human GBP1 Differentially Targets Salmonella and Toxoplasma to License Recognition of Microbial Ligands and Caspase-Mediated Death. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108008. [PMID: 32783936 PMCID: PMC7435695 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-inducible guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) promote cell-intrinsic defense through host cell death. GBPs target pathogens and pathogen-containing vacuoles and promote membrane disruption for release of microbial molecules that activate inflammasomes. GBP1 mediates pyroptosis or atypical apoptosis of Salmonella Typhimurium (STm)- or Toxoplasma gondii (Tg)- infected human macrophages, respectively. The pathogen-proximal detection-mechanisms of GBP1 remain poorly understood, as humans lack functional immunity-related GTPases (IRGs) that assist murine Gbps. Here, we establish that GBP1 promotes the lysis of Tg-containing vacuoles and parasite plasma membranes, releasing Tg-DNA. In contrast, we show GBP1 targets cytosolic STm and recruits caspase-4 to the bacterial surface for its activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but does not contribute to bacterial vacuole escape. Caspase-1 cleaves and inactivates GBP1, and a cleavage-deficient GBP1D192E mutant increases caspase-4-driven pyroptosis due to the absence of feedback inhibition. Our studies elucidate microbe-specific roles of GBP1 in infection detection and its triggering of the assembly of divergent caspase signaling platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fisch
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology & Infection, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Barbara Clough
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marie-Charlotte Domart
- Electron Microscopy Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Vesela Encheva
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Hironori Bando
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ambrosius P Snijders
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Lucy M Collinson
- Electron Microscopy Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Avinash R Shenoy
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology & Infection, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Eva-Maria Frickel
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Haldar AK, Nigam U, Yamamoto M, Coers J, Goyal N. Guanylate Binding Proteins Restrict Leishmania donovani Growth in Nonphagocytic Cells Independent of Parasitophorous Vacuolar Targeting. mBio 2020; 11:e01464-20. [PMID: 32723921 PMCID: PMC7387799 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01464-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-inducible guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) play important roles in host defense against many intracellular pathogens that reside within pathogen-containing vacuoles (PVs). For instance, members of the GBP family translocate to PVs occupied by the protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma and facilitate PV disruption and lytic parasite killing. While the GBP defense program targeting Toxoplasma has been studied in some detail, the role of GBPs in host defense to other protozoan pathogens is poorly characterized. Here, we report a critical role for both mouse and human GBPs in the cell-autonomous immune response against the vector-borne parasite Leishmania donovani Although L. donovani can infect both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells, it predominantly replicates inside professional phagocytes. The underlying basis for this cell type tropism is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that GBPs restrict growth of L. donovani in both mouse and human nonphagocytic cells. GBP-mediated restriction of L. donovani replication occurs via a noncanonical pathway that operates independent of detectable translocation of GBPs to L. donovan-containing vacuoles (LCVs). Instead of promoting the lytic destruction of PVs, as reported for GBP-mediated killing of Toxoplasma in phagocytic cells, GBPs facilitate the delivery of L. donovani into autolysosomal-marker-positive compartments in mouse embryonic fibroblasts as well as the human epithelial cell line A549. Together our results show that GBPs control a novel cell-autonomous host defense program, which renders nonphagocytic cells nonpermissible for efficient Leishmania replication.IMPORTANCE The obligate intracellular parasite Leishmania causes the disease leishmaniasis, which is transmitted to mammalian hosts, including humans, via the sandfly vector. Following the bite-induced breach of the skin barrier, Leishmania is known to live and replicate predominantly inside professional phagocytes. Although Leishmania is also able to infect nonphagocytic cells, nonphagocytic cells support limited parasitic replication for unknown reasons. In this study, we show that nonphagocytic cells possess an intrinsic property to restrict Leishmania growth. Our study defines a novel role for a family of host defense proteins, the guanylate binding proteins (GBPs), in antileishmanial immunity. Mechanistically, our data indicate that GBPs facilitate the delivery of Leishmania into antimicrobial autolysosomes, thereby enhancing parasite clearance in nonphagocytic cells. We propose that this GBP-dependent host defense program makes nonphagocytic cells an inhospitable host cell type for Leishmania growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Haldar
- Division of Biochemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Utsav Nigam
- Division of Biochemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Neena Goyal
- Division of Biochemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sánchez-Alonzo K, Parra-Sepúlveda C, Vega S, Bernasconi H, Campos VL, Smith CT, Sáez K, García-Cancino A. In Vitro Incorporation of Helicobacter pylori into Candida albicans Caused by Acidic pH Stress. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9060489. [PMID: 32575493 PMCID: PMC7350375 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeasts can adapt to a wide range of pH fluctuations (2 to 10), while Helicobacter pylori, a facultative intracellular bacterium, can adapt to a range from pH 6 to 8. This work analyzed if H. pylori J99 can protect itself from acidic pH by entering into Candida albicans ATCC 90028. Growth curves were determined for H. pylori and C. albicans at pH 3, 4, and 7. Both microorganisms were co-incubated at the same pH values, and the presence of intra-yeast bacteria was evaluated. Intra-yeast bacteria-like bodies were detected using wet mounting, and intra-yeast binding of anti-H. pylori antibodies was detected using immunofluorescence. The presence of the H. pylori rDNA 16S gene in total DNA from yeasts was demonstrated after PCR amplification. H. pylori showed larger death percentages at pH 3 and 4 than at pH 7. On the contrary, the viability of the yeast was not affected by any of the pHs evaluated. H. pylori entered into C. albicans at all the pH values assayed but to a greater extent at unfavorable pH values (pH 3 or 4, p = 0.014 and p = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, it is possible to suggest that H. pylori can shelter itself within C. albicans under unfavorable pH conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Sánchez-Alonzo
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (K.S.-A.); (C.P.-S.); (S.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Cristian Parra-Sepúlveda
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (K.S.-A.); (C.P.-S.); (S.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Samuel Vega
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (K.S.-A.); (C.P.-S.); (S.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | | | - Víctor L. Campos
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Carlos T. Smith
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (K.S.-A.); (C.P.-S.); (S.V.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Katia Sáez
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Apolinaria García-Cancino
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (K.S.-A.); (C.P.-S.); (S.V.); (C.T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-41-2204144; Fax: 56-41-2245975
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kutsch M, Sistemich L, Lesser CF, Goldberg MB, Herrmann C, Coers J. Direct binding of polymeric GBP1 to LPS disrupts bacterial cell envelope functions. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104926. [PMID: 32510692 PMCID: PMC7327485 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the outer membrane of gram‐negative bacteria, O‐antigen segments of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) form a chemomechanical barrier, whereas lipid A moieties anchor LPS molecules. Upon infection, human guanylate binding protein‐1 (hGBP1) colocalizes with intracellular gram‐negative bacterial pathogens, facilitates bacterial killing, promotes activation of the lipid A sensor caspase‐4, and blocks actin‐driven dissemination of the enteric pathogen Shigella. The underlying molecular mechanism for hGBP1's diverse antimicrobial functions is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that hGBP1 binds directly to LPS and induces “detergent‐like” LPS clustering through protein polymerization. Binding of polymerizing hGBP1 to the bacterial surface disrupts the O‐antigen barrier, thereby unmasking lipid A, eliciting caspase‐4 recruitment, enhancing antibacterial activity of polymyxin B, and blocking the function of the Shigella outer membrane actin motility factor IcsA. These findings characterize hGBP1 as an LPS‐binding surfactant that destabilizes the rigidity of the outer membrane to exert pleiotropic effects on the functionality of gram‐negative bacterial cell envelopes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Kutsch
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Linda Sistemich
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Cammie F Lesser
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia B Goldberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Herrmann
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kohler KM, Kutsch M, Piro AS, Wallace GD, Coers J, Barber MF. A Rapidly Evolving Polybasic Motif Modulates Bacterial Detection by Guanylate Binding Proteins. mBio 2020; 11:e00340-20. [PMID: 32430466 PMCID: PMC7240152 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00340-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-autonomous immunity relies on the rapid detection of invasive pathogens by host proteins. Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) have emerged as key mediators of vertebrate immune defense through their ability to recognize a diverse array of intracellular pathogens and pathogen-containing cellular compartments. Human and mouse GBPs have been shown to target distinct groups of microbes, although the molecular determinants of pathogen specificity remain unclear. We show that rapid diversification of a C-terminal polybasic motif (PBM) in primate GBPs controls recognition of the model cytosolic bacterial pathogen Shigella flexneri By swapping this membrane-binding motif between primate GBP orthologs, we found that the ability to target S. flexneri has been enhanced and lost in specific lineages of New World primates. Single substitutions in rapidly evolving sites of the GBP1 PBM are sufficient to abolish or restore bacterial detection abilities, illustrating a role for epistasis in the evolution of pathogen recognition. We further demonstrate that the squirrel monkey GBP2 C-terminal domain recently gained the ability to target S. flexneri through a stepwise process of convergent evolution. These findings reveal a mechanism by which accelerated evolution of a PBM shifts GBP target specificity and aid in resolving the molecular basis of GBP function in cell-autonomous immune defense.IMPORTANCE Many infectious diseases are caused by microbes that enter and survive within host cells. Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are a group of immune proteins which recognize and inhibit a variety of intracellular pathogenic microbes. We discovered that a short sequence within GBPs required for the detection of bacteria, the polybasic motif (PBM), has been rapidly evolving between primate species. By swapping PBMs between primate GBP1 genes, we were able to show that specific sequences can both reduce and improve the ability of GBP1 to target intracellular bacteria. We also show that the ability to envelop bacteria has independently evolved in GBP2 of South American monkeys. Taking the results together, this report illustrates how primate GBPs have adapted to defend against infectious pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Kohler
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Miriam Kutsch
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anthony S Piro
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Graham D Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew F Barber
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yu P, Li Y, Li Y, Miao Z, Peppelenbosch MP, Pan Q. Guanylate-binding protein 2 orchestrates innate immune responses against murine norovirus and is antagonized by the viral protein NS7. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8036-8047. [PMID: 32354743 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Noroviruses are the main causative agents of acute viral gastroenteritis, but the host factors that restrict their replication remain poorly identified. Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPases that exert broad antiviral activity and are important mediators of host defenses against viral infections. Here, we show that both IFN-γ stimulation and murine norovirus (MNV) infection induce GBP2 expression in murine macrophages. Results from loss- and gain-of-function assays indicated that GBP2 is important for IFN-γ-dependent anti-MNV activity in murine macrophages. Ectopic expression of MNV receptor (CD300lf) in human HEK293T epithelial cells conferred susceptibility to MNV infection. Importantly, GBP2 potently inhibited MNV in these human epithelial cells. Results from mechanistic dissection experiments revealed that the N-terminal G domain of GBP2 mediates these anti-MNV effects. R48A and K51A substitutions in GBP2, associated with loss of GBP2 GTPase activity, attenuated the anti-MNV effects of GBP2. Finally, we found that nonstructural protein 7 (NS7) of MNV co-localizes with GBP2 and antagonizes the anti-MNV activity of GBP2. These findings reveal that GBP2 is an important mediator of host defenses against murine norovirus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peifa Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yunlong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zhijiang Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Place DE, Briard B, Samir P, Karki R, Bhattacharya A, Guy CS, Peters JL, Frase S, Vogel P, Neale G, Yamamoto M, Kanneganti TD. Interferon inducible GBPs restrict Burkholderia thailandensis motility induced cell-cell fusion. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008364. [PMID: 32150572 PMCID: PMC7082077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity responds to pathogens by producing alarm signals and activating pathways that make host cells inhospitable for pathogen replication. The intracellular bacterium Burkholderia thailandensis invades the cytosol, hijacks host actin, and induces cell fusion to spread to adjacent cells, forming multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) which promote bacterial replication. We show that type I interferon (IFN) restricts macrophage MNGC formation during B. thailandensis infection. Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) expressed downstream of type I IFN were required to restrict MNGC formation through inhibition of bacterial Arp2/3-dependent actin motility during infection. GTPase activity and the CAAX prenylation domain were required for GBP2 recruitment to B. thailandensis, which restricted bacterial actin polymerization required for MNGC formation. Consistent with the effects in in vitro macrophages, Gbp2-/-, Gbp5-/-, GbpChr3-KO mice were more susceptible to intranasal infection with B. thailandensis than wildtype mice. Our findings reveal that IFN and GBPs play a critical role in restricting cell-cell fusion and bacteria-induced pathology during infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Place
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Benoit Briard
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Parimal Samir
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Anannya Bhattacharya
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Clifford S. Guy
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Peters
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Center, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sharon Frase
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Center, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Peter Vogel
- Veterinary Pathology Core, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Osaka University, 3–1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
The vacuole guard hypothesis: how intravacuolar pathogens fight to maintain the integrity of their beloved home. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 54:51-58. [PMID: 32044688 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intravacuolar bacterial pathogens establish intracellular niches by constructing membrane-encompassed compartments. The vacuoles surrounding the bacteria are remarkably stable, facilitating microbial replication and preventing exposure to host cytoplasmically localized innate immune sensing mechanisms. To maintain integrity of the membrane compartment, the pathogen is armed with defensive weapons that prevent loss of vacuole integrity and potential exposure to host innate signaling. In some cases, the microbial components that maintain vacuolar integrity have been identified, but the basis for why the compartment degrades in their absence is unclear. In this review, we point out that lessons from the microbial-programmed degradation of the vacuole by the cytoplasmically localized Shigella flexneri provide crucial insights into how degradation of pathogen vacuoles occurs. We propose that in the absence of bacterial-encoded guard proteins, aberrant trafficking of host membrane-associated components results in a dysfunctional pathogen compartment. As a consequence, the vacuole is poisoned and replication is terminated.
Collapse
|
43
|
Li D, Matta B, Song S, Nelson V, Diggins K, Simpfendorfer KR, Gregersen PK, Linsley P, Barnes BJ. IRF5 genetic risk variants drive myeloid-specific IRF5 hyperactivation and presymptomatic SLE. JCI Insight 2020; 5:124020. [PMID: 31877114 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants within or near the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) locus associate with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) across ancestral groups. The major IRF5-SLE risk haplotype is common across populations, yet immune functions for the risk haplotype are undefined. We characterized the global immune phenotype of healthy donors homozygous for the major risk and nonrisk haplotypes and identified cell lineage-specific alterations that mimic presymptomatic SLE. Contrary to previous studies in B lymphoblastoid cell lines and SLE immune cells, IRF5 genetic variants had little effect on IRF5 protein levels in healthy donors. Instead, we detected basal IRF5 hyperactivation in the myeloid compartment of risk donors that drives the SLE immune phenotype. Risk donors were anti-nuclear antibody positive with anti-Ro and -MPO specificity, had increased circulating plasma cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and had enhanced spontaneous NETosis. The IRF5-SLE immune phenotype was conserved over time and probed mechanistically by ex vivo coculture, indicating that risk neutrophils are drivers of the global immune phenotype. RNA-Seq of risk neutrophils revealed increased IRF5 transcript expression, IFN pathway enrichment, and decreased expression of ROS pathway genes. Altogether, the data support that individuals carrying the IRF5-SLE risk haplotype are more susceptible to environmental/stochastic influences that trigger chronic immune activation, predisposing to the development of clinical SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Bharati Matta
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Su Song
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Victoria Nelson
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Kirsten Diggins
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kim R Simpfendorfer
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Peter Linsley
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Betsy J Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gatto M, Borim PA, Wolf IR, Fukuta da Cruz T, Ferreira Mota GA, Marques Braz AM, Casella Amorim B, Targino Valente G, de Assis Golim M, Venturini J, Araújo Junior JP, Pontillo A, Sartori A. Transcriptional analysis of THP-1 cells infected with Leishmania infantum indicates no activation of the inflammasome platform. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0007949. [PMID: 31961876 PMCID: PMC6994165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is caused by intracellular parasites transmitted to vertebrates by sandfly bites. Clinical manifestations include cutaneous, mucosal or visceral involvement depending upon the host immune response and the parasite species. To assure their survival inside macrophages, these parasites developed a plethora of highly successful strategies to manipulate various immune system pathways. Considering that inflammasome activation is critical for the establishment of a protective immune response in many parasite infections, in this study we determined the transcriptome of THP-1 cells after infection with L. infantum, with a particular focus on the inflammasome components. To this end, the human cell line THP-1, previously differentiated into macrophages by PMA treatment, was infected with L. infantum promastigotes. Differentiated THP-1 cells were also stimulated with LPS to be used as a comparative parameter. The gene expression signature was determined 8 hours after by RNA-seq technique. Infected or uninfected THP-1 cells were stimulated with nigericin (NIG) to measure active caspase-1 and TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in culture supernatants after 8, 24 and 48 hours. L. infantum triggered a gene expression pattern more similar to non-infected THP-1 cells and very distinct from LPS-stimulated cells. Some of the most up-regulated genes in L. infantum-infected cells were CDC20, CSF1, RPS6KA1, CD36, DUSP2, DUSP5, DUSP7 and TNFAIP3. Some up-regulated GO terms in infected cells included cell coagulation, regulation of MAPK cascade, response to peptide hormone stimulus, negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter and nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Infection was not able to induce the expression of genes associated with the inflammasome signaling pathway. This finding was confirmed by the absence of caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production after 8, 24 and 48 hours of infection. Our results indicate that L. infantum was unable to activate the inflammasomes during the initial interaction with THP-1 cells. Visceral leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania infantum, is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The entry of microorganisms into the host is commonly associated with activation of a multiprotein platform called inflammasome whose assembly culminates in caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production. ILβ activates other cells and effector mechanisms leading to clearance of pathogens. However, the involvement of inflammasomes in the human infection with L. infantum is poorly known. To investigate the parasite-host interaction is fundamental to understand the immunopathogenesis of visceral leishmaniasis and to allow the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we used RNA-seq, a tool that allowed to investigate the global gene expression of THP-1 cells, which is a macrophage-like human cell line, infected with L. infantum. By using computational analysis, this approach allowed us to evaluate the expression of genes that compose the inflammasomes pathway and other gene networks and signaling pathways triggered after infection. This analysis indicated that, unlike species causing cutaneous leishmaniasis, L. infantum did not induce the expression of genes of inflammasome pathways, nor caspase-1 activation or IL-1β production, possibly reflecting a parasite strategy to manipulate immune system and therefore, to allow its survival inside the cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gatto
- Tropical Diseases Department, Botucatu Medical School – UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Ivan Rodrigo Wolf
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Department, Agronomic Sciences School – UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Taís Fukuta da Cruz
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Biosciences Institute - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Tropical Diseases Department, Botucatu Medical School – UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lopes Fischer N, Naseer N, Shin S, Brodsky IE. Effector-triggered immunity and pathogen sensing in metazoans. Nat Microbiol 2019; 5:14-26. [DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
46
|
Theofani E, Semitekolou M, Morianos I, Samitas K, Xanthou G. Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Severe Asthma. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101615. [PMID: 31590215 PMCID: PMC6833007 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe asthma (SA) is a chronic lung disease characterized by recurring symptoms of reversible airflow obstruction, airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), and inflammation that is resistant to currently employed treatments. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellular sensor that detects microbial motifs and endogenous danger signals and represents a key component of innate immune responses in the airways. Assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome leads to caspase 1-dependent release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 as well as pyroptosis. Accumulating evidence proposes that NLRP3 activation is critically involved in asthma pathogenesis. In fact, although NLRP3 facilitates the clearance of pathogens in the airways, persistent NLRP3 activation by inhaled irritants and/or innocuous environmental allergens can lead to overt pulmonary inflammation and exacerbation of asthma manifestations. Notably, administration of NLRP3 inhibitors in asthma models restrains AHR and pulmonary inflammation. Here, we provide an overview of the pathophysiology of SA, present molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant inflammatory responses in the airways, summarize recent studies pertinent to the biology and functions of NLRP3, and discuss the role of NLRP3 in the pathogenesis of asthma. Finally, we contemplate the potential of targeting NLRP3 as a novel therapeutic approach for the management of SA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Theofani
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Semitekolou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Morianos
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Samitas
- 7th Respiratory Clinic and Asthma Center, 'Sotiria' Athens Chest Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgina Xanthou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gomes MTR, Cerqueira DM, Guimarães ES, Campos PC, Oliveira SC. Guanylate-binding proteins at the crossroad of noncanonical inflammasome activation during bacterial infections. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:553-562. [PMID: 30897250 PMCID: PMC7516346 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4mr0119-013r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is armed with a broad range of receptors to detect and initiate the elimination of bacterial pathogens. Inflammasomes are molecular platforms that sense a diverse range of microbial insults to develop appropriate host response. In that context, noncanonical inflammasome arose as a sensor for Gram-negative bacteria-derived LPS leading to the control of infections. This review describes the role of caspase-11/gasdermin-D-dependent immune response against Gram-negative bacteria and presents an overview of guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) at the interface of noncanonical inflammasome activation. Indeed, caspase-11 acts as a receptor for LPS and this interaction elicits caspase-11 autoproteolysis that is required for its optimal catalytic activity. Gasdermin-D is cleaved by activated caspase-11 generating an N-terminal domain that is inserted into the plasmatic membrane to form pores that induce pyroptosis, a cell death program involved in intracellular bacteria elimination. This mechanism also promotes IL-1β release and potassium efflux that connects caspase-11 to NLRP3 activation. Furthermore, GBPs display many features to allow LPS recognition by caspase-11, initiating the noncanonical inflammasome response prompting the immune system to control bacterial infections. In this review, we discuss the recent findings and nuances related to this mechanism and its biological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Túlio R Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daiane M Cerqueira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Erika S Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Priscila C Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sergio C Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wemyss MA, Pearson JS. Host Cell Death Responses to Non-typhoidal Salmonella Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1758. [PMID: 31402916 PMCID: PMC6676415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a Gram-negative bacterium with a broad host range that causes non-typhoidal salmonellosis in humans. S. Typhimurium infects epithelial cells and macrophages in the small intestine where it replicates in a specialized intracellular niche called the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) and promotes inflammation of the mucosa to induce typically self-limiting gastroenteritis. Virulence and spread of the bacterium is determined in part by the host individual's ability to limit the infection through innate immune responses at the gastrointestinal mucosa, including programmed cell death. S. Typhimurium however, has evolved a myriad of mechanisms to counteract or exploit host responses through the use of Type III Secretion Systems (T3SS), which allow the translocation of virulence (effector) proteins into the host cell for the benefit of optimal bacterial replication and dissemination. T3SS effectors have been found to interact with apoptotic, necroptotic, and pyroptotic cell death cascades, interfering with both efficient clearance of the bacteria and the recruitment of neutrophils or dendritic cells to the area of infection. The interplay of host inflammation, programmed cell death responses, and bacterial defenses in the context of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infection is a continuing area of interest within the field, and as such has been reviewed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine A Wemyss
- Department of Molecular and Translational Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jaclyn S Pearson
- Department of Molecular and Translational Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fisch D, Bando H, Clough B, Hornung V, Yamamoto M, Shenoy AR, Frickel E. Human GBP1 is a microbe-specific gatekeeper of macrophage apoptosis and pyroptosis. EMBO J 2019; 38:e100926. [PMID: 31268602 PMCID: PMC6600649 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The guanylate binding protein (GBP) family of interferon-inducible GTPases promotes antimicrobial immunity and cell death. During bacterial infection, multiple mouse Gbps, human GBP2, and GBP5 support the activation of caspase-1-containing inflammasome complexes or caspase-4 which trigger pyroptosis. Whether GBPs regulate other forms of cell death is not known. The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes macrophage death through unidentified mechanisms. Here we report that Toxoplasma-induced death of human macrophages requires GBP1 and its ability to target Toxoplasma parasitophorous vacuoles through its GTPase activity and prenylation. Mechanistically, GBP1 promoted Toxoplasma detection by AIM2, which induced GSDMD-independent, ASC-, and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis. Identical molecular determinants targeted GBP1 to Salmonella-containing vacuoles. GBP1 facilitated caspase-4 recruitment to Salmonella leading to its enhanced activation and pyroptosis. Notably, GBP1 could be bypassed by the delivery of Toxoplasma DNA or bacterial LPS into the cytosol, pointing to its role in liberating microbial molecules. GBP1 thus acts as a gatekeeper of cell death pathways, which respond specifically to infecting microbes. Our findings expand the immune roles of human GBPs in regulating not only pyroptosis, but also apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fisch
- Host‐Toxoplasma Interaction LaboratoryThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology & InfectionImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Hironori Bando
- Department of ImmunoparasitologyResearch Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Laboratory of ImmunoparasitologyWPI Immunology Frontier Research CenterOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Barbara Clough
- Host‐Toxoplasma Interaction LaboratoryThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Veit Hornung
- Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry & Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of ImmunoparasitologyResearch Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Laboratory of ImmunoparasitologyWPI Immunology Frontier Research CenterOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Avinash R Shenoy
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology & InfectionImperial CollegeLondonUK
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Eva‐Maria Frickel
- Host‐Toxoplasma Interaction LaboratoryThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ji C, Du S, Li P, Zhu Q, Yang X, Long C, Yu J, Shao F, Xiao J. Structural mechanism for guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) targeting by the Shigella E3 ligase IpaH9.8. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007876. [PMID: 31216343 PMCID: PMC6602295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) belong to the dynamin superfamily of GTPases and function in cell-autonomous defense against intracellular pathogens. IpaH9.8, an E3 ligase from the pathogenic bacterium Shigella flexneri, ubiquitinates a subset of GBPs and leads to their proteasomal degradation. Here we report the structure of a C-terminally truncated GBP1 in complex with the IpaH9.8 Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain. IpaH9.8LRR engages the GTPase domain of GBP1, and differences in the Switch II and α3 helix regions render some GBPs such as GBP3 and GBP7 resistant to IpaH9.8. Comparisons with other IpaH structures uncover interaction hot spots in their LRR domains. The C-terminal region of GBP1 undergoes a large rotation compared to previously determined structures. We further show that the C-terminal farnesylation modification also plays a role in regulating GBP1 conformation. Our results suggest a general mechanism by which the IpaH proteins target their cellular substrates and shed light on the structural dynamics of the GBPs. Shigella flexneri is a Gram-negative bacteria that causes diarrhea in humans and leads to a million deaths every year. Once inside the cell, S. flexneri injects the host cell cytoplasm with effector proteins to suppress host defense. The guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) have potent antimicrobial functions against a number of pathogens including S. flexneri. For successful infection, S. flexneri relies on an effector protein known as IpaH9.8, a unique ubiquitin E3 ligase to target a subset of GBPs for proteasomal degradation. How these GBPs are specifically recognized by IpaH9.8 was unclear. Here, using a combination of structural and biochemical approaches, we reveal the molecular basis of GBP-IpaH9.8 interaction, and show that subtle differences in the seven human GBPs can significantly impact the targeting specificity of IpaH9.8. We also show that the GBPs have considerable structural flexibility, which is likely important for their function. Our results provide further insights into S. flexneri pathogenesis, and laid the groundwork for future biophysical and biochemical studies to investigate the functional mechanism of GBPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Ji
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- National Institute of Biological Science (NIBS), Beijing, China
| | - Qinyu Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhong Long
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Science (NIBS), Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (FS); (JX)
| | - Junyu Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (FS); (JX)
| |
Collapse
|