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Dosso B, Waits CMK, Simms KN, Sergeant S, Files DC, Howard TD, Langefeld CD, Chilton FH, Rahbar E. Impact of rs174537 on Critically Ill Patients with Acute Lung Injury: A Secondary Analysis of the OMEGA Randomized Clinical Trial. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa147. [PMID: 33024925 PMCID: PMC7524639 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition in the intensive care unit is vital for patient care; however, immunomodulatory diets rich in PUFAs like γ-linolenic acid (GLA), EPA, and DHA remain controversial for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. We postulate that genetic variants impacting PUFA metabolism contribute to mixed responses to PUFA-rich diets. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to test the effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs174537 on differential responses to PUFA-rich diets. METHODS We performed a secondary analysis of the OMEGA trial (NCT00609180) where 129 subjects received placebo control diets and 143 received omega-oil. DNA was extracted from buffy coats and used to genotype rs174537; plasma was used to quantitate PUFAs. We tested for SNP-diet interactions on PUFA concentrations, inflammatory biomarkers, and patient outcomes. RESULTS We observed that all individuals receiving omega-oil displayed significantly higher concentrations of GLA, EPA, and DHA (all P < 0.0001), but they did not vary by genotype at rs174537. Statistically significant SNP-diet interactions were observed on circulating DHA concentrations in African Americans. Specifically, African American T-allele carriers on placebo illustrated elevated DHA concentrations. Additionally, all individuals receiving omega-oil had higher concentrations of EPA-derived urinary F3-isoprostane (Caucasians: P = 0.0011; African Americans: P = 0.0002). Despite these findings, we did not detect any significant SNP-diet interactions on pulmonary functional metrics, clinical outcomes, and mortality. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of genetic and racial contributions to PUFA metabolism and inflammation. In particular, rs174537 had a significant impact on circulating DHA and urinary isoprostane concentrations. Given our relatively small sample size, further investigations in larger multiethnic cohorts are needed to evaluate the impact of rs174537 on fatty acid metabolism and downstream inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Dosso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Charlotte Mae K Waits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kelli N Simms
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Susan Sergeant
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - D Clark Files
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sections in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Timothy D Howard
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Floyd H Chilton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Elaheh Rahbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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He Z, Zhang R, Jiang F, Zhang H, Zhao A, Xu B, Jin L, Wang T, Jia W, Jia W, Hu C. FADS1-FADS2 genetic polymorphisms are associated with fatty acid metabolism through changes in DNA methylation and gene expression. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:113. [PMID: 30157936 PMCID: PMC6114248 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown that genetic variants are important determinants of free fatty acid levels. The mechanisms underlying the associations between genetic variants and free fatty acid levels are incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to identify genetic markers that could influence diverse fatty acid levels in a Chinese population and uncover the molecular mechanisms in terms of DNA methylation and gene expression. Results We identified strong associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) region and multiple polyunsaturated fatty acids. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis of rs174570 on FADS1 and FADS2 mRNA levels proved that minor allele of rs174570 was associated with decreased FADS1 and FADS2 expression levels (P < 0.05). Methylation quantitative trait locus (mQTL) analysis of rs174570 on DNA methylation levels in three selected regions of FADS region showed that the methylation levels at four CpG sites in FADS1, one CpG site in intragenic region, and three CpG sites in FADS2 were strongly associated with rs174570 (P < 0.05). Then, we demonstrated that methylation levels at three CpG sites in FADS1 were negatively associated with FADS1 and FADS2 expression, while two CpG sites in FADS2 were positively associated with FADS1 and FADS2 expression. Using mediation analysis, we further show that the observed effect of rs174570 on gene expression was tightly correlated with the effect predicted through association with methylation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that genetic variants in the FADS region are major genetic modifiers that can regulate fatty acid metabolism through epigenetic gene regulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0545-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Fengxian Central Hospital, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Li Jin
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Fengxian Central Hospital, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Chilton FH, Dutta R, Reynolds LM, Sergeant S, Mathias RA, Seeds MC. Precision Nutrition and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Case for Personalized Supplementation Approaches for the Prevention and Management of Human Diseases. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1165. [PMID: 29068398 PMCID: PMC5707637 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary essential omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) 18 carbon (18C-) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), can be converted (utilizing desaturase and elongase enzymes encoded by FADS and ELOVL genes) to biologically-active long chain (LC; >20)-PUFAs by numerous cells and tissues. These n-6 and n-3 LC-PUFAs and their metabolites (ex, eicosanoids and endocannabinoids) play critical signaling and structural roles in almost all physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. METHODS This review summarizes: (1) the biosynthesis, metabolism and roles of LC-PUFAs; (2) the potential impact of rapidly altering the intake of dietary LA and ALA; (3) the genetics and evolution of LC-PUFA biosynthesis; (4) Gene-diet interactions that may lead to excess levels of n-6 LC-PUFAs and deficiencies of n-3 LC-PUFAs; and (5) opportunities for precision nutrition approaches to personalize n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation for individuals and populations. CONCLUSIONS The rapid nature of transitions in 18C-PUFA exposure together with the genetic variation in the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway found in different populations make mal-adaptations a likely outcome of our current nutritional environment. Understanding this genetic variation in the context of 18C-PUFA dietary exposure should enable the development of individualized n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation regimens to prevent and manage human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floyd H Chilton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Rahul Dutta
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Lindsay M Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Susan Sergeant
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Michael C Seeds
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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The Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine Gualouxiebaibanxia Decoction for the Treatment of Angina Pectoris: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:8565907. [PMID: 27777598 PMCID: PMC5061958 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8565907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We systematically assess the current clinical evidence of Gualouxiebaibanxia (GLXBBX) decoction for the treatment of angina pectoris (AP). We included RCTs testing GLXBBX against conventional drugs and GLXBBX combined with conventional drugs versus conventional drugs. 19 RCTs involving 1730 patients were finally identified, and the methodological quality was evaluated as generally low. The results of the meta-analysis showed that GLXBBX alone had significant effect on improving angina symptoms (RR: 1.24, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.35; P < 0.00001), ECG (RR: 1.28 [1.13,1.44]; P < 0.0001), and HDL-C (MD: 0.56 [0.54,0.58]; P < 0.00001) compared with anti-arrhythmic drugs. A significant improvement in angina symptoms (RR: 1.17 [1.12,1.22]; P < 0.00001) and ECG (RR = 1.22; 95% CI = [1.14,1.30]; P < 0.00001) was observed for GLXBBX plus conventional drugs when compared with conventional drugs. Eight trials reported adverse events without serious adverse effects. GLXBBX appears to have beneficial effects on improvement of ECG and reduction of angina symptoms in participants with AP. However, the evidence remains weak due to the poor methodological quality of the included studies. More rigorous trials are needed to confirm the results.
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Hubacek JA. Apolipoprotein A5 fifteen years anniversary: Lessons from genetic epidemiology. Gene 2016; 592:193-199. [PMID: 27496343 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) is a small protein, expressed predominantly in the liver. In plasma, it is located on triglyceride rich lipoprotein particles (chylomicrones and VLDL) and on HDL. Plasma concentration of apolipoprotein A5 is very low, suggesting rather regulatory (activation of lipoprotein lipase, …) than structural function. APOA5 is an important determinant of plasma triglyceride concentration; this effect has been confirmed both on animal models, as well as on human studies. Minor alleles of three commonly analysed variants within this gene (rs662799, rs3135506, rs2075291) are associated with higher plasma TG values and increased risk of myocardial infarction, with some important interethnic differences observed. Further roles of APOA5; determination of BMI, diabetes and last but not least nutri- and pharmaco-genetic interactions are suggested, but without the definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav A Hubacek
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Mahrooz A, Zargari M, Ansari V, Makhlough A, Hashemi-Sooteh MB. Association of APOA5 Gene Promoter Region -1131T>C Polymorphism (rs662799) to Plasma Triglyceride Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:BC09-13. [PMID: 27437205 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/19212.7895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), a serious complication of Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus (T2DM), is progressive and susceptibility to DN varies among T2DM patients. ApoA5-1131T>C polymorphism revealed that is strongly associated with triglyceride levels and proposed as a predisposing factor for DN. AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate the association -1131T>C ApoA5 gene polymorphism with serum lipids levels in Type 2 diabetic (DM) patients with or without DN in north of Iran (Mazandaran province). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study comprised patients with established T2DM (n=161) and controls (n=58). Genotyping of APOA5 -1131T>C polymorphisms was performed by PCR-RFLP. Diabetic patients were divided into two groups: with nephropathy (DN+, n = 90) and without nephropathy (DN-, n = 71). Lipids and lipoproteins were assessed by enzymatic methods. RESULTS The genotype frequencies were 63.8 % TT, 31 % TC, 5.2 % CC in controls, 33.8% TT, 52.1 % TC, 14.1 % CC in DN- and 44.4 % TT, 36.7 % TC, 18.9 % CC in DN+ patients. The TC genotype and the CC genotype were overexpressed among DN+ and DN-population in comparison to the control group. The highest and the lowest TG levels in both diabetic patients and controls belonged to CC+TC and TT genotypes, respectively. Furthermore in both patients TG increased with this order: TT< TC<CC. CONCLUSION These results suggest that APOA5 -1131T>C polymorphisms influence lipid levels in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolkarim Mahrooz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
| | - Mehryar Zargari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
| | - Vahid Ansari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
| | - Atieh Makhlough
- Faculty, Department of Nephrology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad-Bagher Hashemi-Sooteh
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
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Ye H, Zhou A, Hong Q, Tang L, Xu X, Xin Y, Jiang D, Dai D, Li Y, Wang DW, Duan S. Positive Association between APOA5 rs662799 Polymorphism and Coronary Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135683. [PMID: 26309253 PMCID: PMC4550406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) is associated with plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). This study explored the association between CHD and the APOA5 rs662799 polymorphism. Methods We collected 1,521 samples (783 CHD patients and 738 controls) for this case-control study. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager Software and Stata Software. Results Significant differences were observed between CHD cases and controls at the level of both genotype (χ2 = 8.964, df = 2, P = 0.011) and allele (χ2 = 9.180, df = 1, P = 0.002, OR = 1.275, 95% CI = 1.089–1.492). A breakdown analysis by gender showed a significant association of APOA5 rs662799 with CHD in males (χ2 = 7.770, df = 1, P = 0.005; OR = 1.331, 95% CI = 1.088–1.628). An additional meta-analysis using 21378 cases and 28428 controls established that rs662799 is significantly associated with CHD (P < 0.00001). Conclusion Both our case-control study and meta-analysis confirm a significant association between APOA5 rs662799 and CHD. In addition, our results suggest a male-specific association between the APOA5 rs662799 polymorphism and CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadan Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Annan Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiangxiao Hong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlin Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuting Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfei Xin
- Center of Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danjie Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongjun Dai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yirun Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Institute of Hypertension and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (SWD); (DWW)
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (SWD); (DWW)
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Park JY, Lee SH, Shin MJ, Hwang GS. Alteration in metabolic signature and lipid metabolism in patients with angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135228. [PMID: 26258408 PMCID: PMC4530944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolites are indispensable regulators of physiological and pathological processes, including atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the complex changes in lipid metabolites and metabolism that occur in patients with these conditions are incompletely understood. We performed lipid profiling to identify alterations in lipid metabolism in patients with angina and myocardial infarction (MI). Global lipid profiling was applied to serum samples from patients with CAD (angina and MI) and age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy subjects using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis. A multivariate analysis showed a clear separation between the patients with CAD and normal controls. Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lysoPE) species containing unsaturated fatty acids and free fatty acids were associated with an increased risk of CAD, whereas species of lysoPC and lyso-alkyl PC containing saturated fatty acids were associated with a decreased risk. Additionally, PC species containing palmitic acid, diacylglycerol, sphingomyelin, and ceramide were associated with an increased risk of MI, whereas PE-plasmalogen and phosphatidylinositol species were associated with a decreased risk. In MI patients, we found strong positive correlation between lipid metabolites related to the sphingolipid pathway, sphingomyelin, and ceramide and acute inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). The results of this study demonstrate altered signatures in lipid metabolism in patients with angina or MI. Lipidomic profiling could provide the information to identity the specific lipid metabolites under the presence of disturbed metabolic pathways in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeon Park
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hak Lee
- Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Xia J, Cai W, Peng C. Association of APOA5 T1131C polymorphism and risk of coronary artery disease. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:8986-8994. [PMID: 26309551 PMCID: PMC4538076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Our research aimed to investigate the relationship between Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) T1131C polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We searched the relevant articles in databases and 25 ones were chosen. The association between APOA5 T1131C polymorphism and CAD risk was evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). The fixed-effect model or random-effect model was applied according to the heterogeneity analysis. RESULTS Overall, significant association between CAD risk and APOA5 T1131C polymorphism was found (CC vs. TT: OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.22-1.78; CC+TC vs. TT: OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.07-1.20; CC vs. TT+TC: OR=1.37, 95% CI=1.13-1.66; allele C vs. allele T: OR=1.17, 95% CI=1.09-1.25; TC vs. TT: OR=1.12, 95% CI=1.06-1.20). In the ethnicity subgroup analysis, risk of CAD was observed in all genotypes among Asians (CC vs. TT: OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.17-1.68; CC+TC vs. TT: OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.06-1.20; CC vs. TT+TC: OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.08-1.56; allele C vs. allele T: OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.08-1.24; TC vs. TT: OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.06-1.21), While in Caucasians, the similar association was only found in several genotypes. In the subgroup analysis by source of control, we found that APOA5 T1131C polymorphism could increase the risk of CAD in population-based (PB) genetic group (CC vs. TT: OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.29-1.84; CC+TC vs. TT: OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.08-1.23; CC vs. TT+TC: OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.19-1.76; allele C vs. allele T: OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.12-1.25; TC vs. TT: OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.06-1.22). There was no correlation found in hospital-based (HB) genetic group yet. CONCLUSION APOA5 T1131C polymorphism might be significantly associated with susceptibility to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department for VIP Patients, The Navy General Hospital of PLAHaidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Department of Heart Center, The Navy General Hospital of PLAHaidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Caosheng Peng
- Department for VIP Patients, The Navy General Hospital of PLAHaidian District, Beijing 100048, China
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Hester AG, Murphy RC, Uhlson CJ, Ivester P, Lee TC, Sergeant S, Miller LR, Howard TD, Mathias RA, Chilton FH. Relationship between a common variant in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) cluster and eicosanoid generation in humans. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:22482-9. [PMID: 24962583 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.579557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dramatic shifts in the Western diet have led to a marked increase in the dietary intake of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), linoleic acid (LA). Dietary LA can then be converted to arachidonic acid (ARA) utilizing three enzymatic steps. Two of these steps are encoded for by the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) cluster (chromosome 11, 11q12.2-q13) and certain genetic variants within the cluster are highly associated with ARA levels. However, no study to date has examined whether these variants further influence pro-inflammatory, cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase eicosanoid products. This study examined the impact of a highly influential FADS SNP, rs174537 on leukotriene, HETE, prostaglandin, and thromboxane biosynthesis in stimulated whole blood. Thirty subjects were genotyped at rs174537 (GG, n = 11; GT, n = 13; TT, n = 6), a panel of fatty acids from whole serum was analyzed, and precursor-to-product PUFA ratios were calculated as a marker of the capacity of tissues (particularly the liver) to synthesize long chain PUFAs. Eicosanoids produced by stimulated human blood were measured by LC-MS/MS. We observed an association between rs174537 and the ratio of ARA/LA, leukotriene B4, and 5-HETE but no effect on levels of cyclooxygenase products. Our results suggest that variation at rs174537 not only impacts the synthesis of ARA but the overall capacity of whole blood to synthesize 5-lipoxygenase products; these genotype-related changes in eicosanoid levels could have important implications in a variety of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin G Hester
- From the Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, the Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Robert C Murphy
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Charis J Uhlson
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Priscilla Ivester
- the Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, the Center for Botanical Lipids and Inflammatory Disease Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Tammy C Lee
- the Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, the Center for Botanical Lipids and Inflammatory Disease Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Susan Sergeant
- the Center for Botanical Lipids and Inflammatory Disease Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, the Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Leslie R Miller
- the Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Timothy D Howard
- the Center for Human Genomics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, and
| | - Floyd H Chilton
- the Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, the Center for Botanical Lipids and Inflammatory Disease Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, the Molecular Medicine and Translation Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
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Diet-gene interactions and PUFA metabolism: a potential contributor to health disparities and human diseases. Nutrients 2014; 6:1993-2022. [PMID: 24853887 PMCID: PMC4042578 DOI: 10.3390/nu6051993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The “modern western” diet (MWD) has increased the onset and progression of chronic human diseases as qualitatively and quantitatively maladaptive dietary components give rise to obesity and destructive gene-diet interactions. There has been a three-fold increase in dietary levels of the omega-6 (n-6) 18 carbon (C18), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6), with the addition of cooking oils and processed foods to the MWD. Intense debate has emerged regarding the impact of this increase on human health. Recent studies have uncovered population-related genetic variation in the LCPUFA biosynthetic pathway (especially within the fatty acid desaturase gene (FADS) cluster) that is associated with levels of circulating and tissue PUFAs and several biomarkers and clinical endpoints of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Importantly, populations of African descent have higher frequencies of variants associated with elevated levels of arachidonic acid (ARA), CVD biomarkers and disease endpoints. Additionally, nutrigenomic interactions between dietary n-6 PUFAs and variants in genes that encode for enzymes that mobilize and metabolize ARA to eicosanoids have been identified. These observations raise important questions of whether gene-PUFA interactions are differentially driving the risk of cardiovascular and other diseases in diverse populations, and contributing to health disparities, especially in African American populations.
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Kim JY, Kim OY, Paik JK, Lee SH, Lee JH. Association of apolipoprotein A-V concentration with apolipoprotein A5 gene -1131T>C polymorphism and fasting triglyceride levels. J Clin Lipidol 2013; 7:94-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Kremmyda LS, Tvrzicka E, Stankova B, Zak A. Fatty acids as biocompounds: their role in human metabolism, health and disease: a review. part 2: fatty acid physiological roles and applications in human health and disease. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2012; 155:195-218. [PMID: 22286806 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2011.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the second of two review parts aiming at describing the major physiological roles of fatty acids, as well as their applications in specific conditions related to human health. RESULTS The review included the current literature published in Pubmed up to March 2011. In humans, fatty acids are a principle energy substrate and structural components of cell membranes (phospholipids) and second messengers. Fatty acids are also ligands of nuclear receptors affecting gene expression. Longer-chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid are precursors of lipid mediators such as eicosanoids (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes), resolvins and neuroprotectins. Lipid mediators produced by EPA and DHA (LC n-3 PUFA; mainly found in oily fish) are considered as inflammation-resolving, and thus, fish oil has been characterised as antiinflammatory. Recommendations for EPA plus DHA intake from oily fish vary between 250-450 mg/day. Dietary reference values for fat vary between nutrition bodies, but mainly agree on a low total and saturated fat intake. The existing literature supports the protective effects of LC n-3 PUFA (as opposed to n-6 PUFA and saturated fat) in maternal and offspring health, cardiovascular health, insulin sensitivity, the metabolic syndrome, cancer, critically ill patients, and immune system disorders. CONCLUSION Fatty acids are involved in multiple pathways and play a major role in health. Further investigation and a nutrigenomics approach to the effects of these biocompounds on health and disease development are imperative and highlight the importance of environmental modifications on disease outcome.
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Effects of APOA5 S19W polymorphism on growth, insulin sensitivity and lipoproteins in normoweight neonates. Eur J Pediatr 2011; 170:1551-8. [PMID: 21505768 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-011-1473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein (Apo) A5 is a protein involved in the activation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and the metabolism of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins. LPL plays a major role in the metabolism of TG-rich lipoproteins, and placental LPL activity is known to correlate positively with foetal fat deposition and size. We examine the association between the common APOA5 S19W polymorphism and neonatal anthropometrical measurements, lipoprotein and hormone concentrations, and insulin sensitivity in 58 normal weight Caucasian newborns from the Mérida cohort. Neonates with the W allele displayed lower BMI (P < 0.001), ponderal index (P < 0.001), birth weight (P < 0.01), insulin levels (P < 0.05), the insulin/cortisol ratio (P < 0.05), HOMA-R (P < 0.05) and Apo B values (P < 0.01), but higher oxidised LDL (LDLox) values and a higher LDLox/low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ratio (both P < 0.05) than S-homozygous newborns. The APOA5 S19W polymorphism was associated with foetal growth as well as with glucose and lipoprotein metabolism in the neonates. Concurrence of the S19W polymorphism in neonates and their mothers did not affect neonatal lipid and lipoprotein concentrations but was associated with impaired foetal growth. Specifically, W allele carriers displayed a higher degree of LDL oxidation and lower body weight, plasma insulin values, insulin/cortisol ratio and Apo B concentrations than homozygotes for the common S allele. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the W allele carriers received a less optimal nutrition during gestation and that their lipoprotein antioxidant status was inferior to that of their homozygous S allele counterparts.
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Garcia-Rios A, Perez-Martinez P, Delgado-Lista J, Lopez-Miranda J, Perez-Jimenez F. Nutrigenetics of the lipoprotein metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 56:171-83. [PMID: 22121097 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that lipid metabolism is a cornerstone in the development of the commonest important chronic diseases worldwide, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, or metabolic syndrome. In this regard, the area of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism is one of the areas in which the understanding of the development and progression of those metabolic disorders has been studied in greater depth. Thus, growing evidence has demonstrated that while universal recommendations might be appropriate for the general population, in this area there is great variability among individuals, related to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Moreover, the interaction between genetic and dietary components has helped in understanding this variability. Therefore, with further study into the interaction between the most important genetic markers or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and diet, it may be possible to understand the variability in lipid metabolism, which could lead to an increase in the use of personalized nutrition as the best support to combat metabolic disorders. This review discusses some of the evidence in which candidate SNPs can affect the key players of lipid metabolism and how their phenotypic manifestations can be modified by dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Garcia-Rios
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos, Córdoba, Spain
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Zhang Z, Peng B, Gong R, Gao L, Du J, Fang D, Song Y, Li Y, Ou G. Apolipoprotein A5 polymorphisms and risk of coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis. Biosci Trends 2011; 5:165-72. [PMID: 21914952 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2011.v5.4.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University
| | - Renrong Gong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Linbo Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
| | - Dingzhi Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
| | - Yongyan Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
| | - Yuanhao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
| | - Guojing Ou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
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