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Sunde J, Wasickanin M, Katz TA, Gillette L, Bidadi S, O’Neil D, Masand R, Burney RO, Pennington KA. The uterine secretome initiates growth of gynecologic tissues in ectopic locations. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292978. [PMID: 38728307 PMCID: PMC11086859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Endosalpingiosis (ES) and endometriosis (EM) refer to the growth of tubal and endometrial epithelium respectively, outside of their site of origin. We hypothesize that uterine secretome factors drive ectopic growth. To test this, we developed a mouse model of ES and EM using tdTomato (tdT) transgenic fluorescent mice as donors. To block implantation factors, progesterone knockout (PKO) tdT mice were created. Fluorescent lesions were present after oviduct implantation with and without WT endometrium. Implantation was increased (p<0.05) when tdt oviductal tissue was implanted with endometrium compared to oviductal tissue alone. Implantation was reduced (p<0.0005) in animals implanted with minced tdT oviductal tissue with PKO tdT endometrium compared to WT endometrium. Finally, oviductal tissues was incubated with and without a known implantation factor, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) prior to and during implantation. LIF promoted lesion implantation. In conclusion, endometrial derived implantation factors, such as LIF, are necessary to initiate ectopic tissue growth. We have developed an animal model of ectopic growth of gynecologic tissues in a WT mouse which will potentially allow for development of new prevention and treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sunde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX, United States of America
| | - Morgan Wasickanin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
| | - Tiffany A. Katz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Laurel Gillette
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
| | - Sanam Bidadi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Derek O’Neil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Ramya Masand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX, United States of America
| | - Richard O. Burney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Kathleen A. Pennington
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
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2
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Veliz L, Cooper TT, Grenier-Pleau I, Abraham SA, Gomes J, Pasternak SH, Dauber B, Postovit LM, Lajoie GA, Lagugné-Labarthet F. Tandem SERS and MS/MS Profiling of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles for Early Ovarian Cancer Biomarker Discovery. ACS Sens 2024; 9:272-282. [PMID: 38214491 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vectors of biomolecular cargo that play essential roles in intercellular communication across a range of cells. Protein, lipid, and nucleic acid cargo harbored within EVs may serve as biomarkers at all stages of disease; however, the choice of methodology may challenge the specificity and reproducibility of discovery. To address these challenges, the integration of rigorous EV purification methods, cutting-edge spectroscopic technologies, and data analysis are critical to uncover diagnostic signatures of disease. Herein, we demonstrate an EV isolation and analysis pipeline using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques on plasma samples obtained from umbilical cord blood, healthy donor (HD) plasma, and plasma from women with early stage high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Plasma EVs were purified by size exclusion chromatography and analyzed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), mass spectrometry (MS), and atomic force microscopy. After determining the fraction of highest EV purity, SERS and MS were used to characterize EVs from HDs, pooled donors with noncancerous gynecological ailments (n = 6), and donors with early stage [FIGO (I/II)] with HGSC. SERS spectra were subjected to different machine learning algorithms such as PCA, logistic regression, support vector machine, naïve Bayes, random forest, neural network, and k nearest neighbors to differentiate healthy, benign, and HGSC EVs. Collectively, we demonstrate a reproducible workflow with the potential to serve as a diagnostic platform for HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Veliz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Tyler T Cooper
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Isabelle Grenier-Pleau
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sheela A Abraham
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Janice Gomes
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K5, Canada
| | - Stephen H Pasternak
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K5, Canada
| | - Bianca Dauber
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Lynne M Postovit
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Gilles A Lajoie
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - François Lagugné-Labarthet
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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3
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Kilic F, Ersak B, Cakir C, Yuksel D, Kilic C, Korkmaz V, Tokgozoglu N, Toptas T, Boran N, Kimyon Comert G, Ureyen I, Tasci T, Moraloglu Tekin O, Ustun Y, Turan T. Assessment of the differences in oncologic outcomes between patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and uterine serous carcinoma. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024; 50:86-94. [PMID: 37854000 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate whether the recurrence rates, recurrence patterns, and survival outcomes differed according to the primary site of the tumor in patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and uterine serous carcinoma (USC). METHODS The population of this multicenter retrospective study consisted of patients who had USC or HGSOC. Progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) estimates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS The study cohort consisted of 247 patients with HGSOC and 34 with USC. Recurrence developed in 118 (51.1%) in the HGSOC group and 14 (42.4%) in the USC group (p = 0.352). The median time to recurrence was 23.5 (range, 4-144) and 17 (range, 4-43) months in the HGSOC and USC groups, respectively (p = 0.055). The 3-year PFS was 52% in the HGSOC group and 47% in the USC group (p = 0.450). Additionally, 3-year DSS was 92% and 82% in the HGSOC and USC groups, respectively (p = 0.060). CONCLUSIONS HGSOC and USC are aggressive tumors with high recurrence and mortality rates in advanced stages. These two carcinomas, which are similar in molecular features and clinical management, may also have similar recurrence patterns, disease failure, and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Kilic
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Ersak
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caner Cakir
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Yuksel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Kilic
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vakkas Korkmaz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nedim Tokgozoglu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Toptas
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Boran
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunsu Kimyon Comert
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isin Ureyen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Tolga Tasci
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Moraloglu Tekin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaprak Ustun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Turan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Hankittichai P, Thaklaewphan P, Wikan N, Ruttanapattanakul J, Potikanond S, Smith DR, Nimlamool W. Resveratrol Enhances Cytotoxic Effects of Cisplatin by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Ovarian Adenocarcinoma SKOV-3 Cells through Activating the p38 MAPK and Suppressing AKT. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050755. [PMID: 37242538 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we identified a mechanism of resveratrol (RES) underlying its anti-cancer properties against human ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV-3 cells. We investigated its anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects in combination with cisplatin, using cell viability assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence study and Western blot analysis. We discovered that RES suppressed cancer cell proliferation and stimulated apoptosis, especially when combined with cisplatin. This compound also inhibited SKOV-3 cell survival, which may partly be due to its potential to inhibit protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and induce the S-phase cell cycle arrest. RES in combination with cisplatin strongly induced cancer cell apoptosis through activating the caspase-dependent cascade, which was associated with its ability to stimulate nuclear phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), well recognized to be involved in transducing environmental stress signals. RES-induced p38 phosphorylation was very specific, and the activation status of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was not mainly affected. Taken together, our study provides accumulated evidence that RES represses proliferation and promotes apoptosis in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells through activating the p38 MAPK pathway. It is interesting that this active compound may be used as an effective agent to sensitize ovarian cancer to apoptosis induced by standard chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phateep Hankittichai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Phatarawat Thaklaewphan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Saranyapin Potikanond
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Duncan R Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Wutigri Nimlamool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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5
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Menon U, Gentry-Maharaj A, Burnell M, Ryan A, Kalsi JK, Singh N, Dawnay A, Fallowfield L, McGuire AJ, Campbell S, Skates SJ, Parmar M, Jacobs IJ. Mortality impact, risks, and benefits of general population screening for ovarian cancer: the UKCTOCS randomised controlled trial. Health Technol Assess 2023:1-81. [PMID: 37183782 PMCID: PMC10542866 DOI: 10.3310/bhbr5832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian and tubal cancers are lethal gynaecological cancers, with over 50% of the patients diagnosed at advanced stage. Trial design Randomised controlled trial involving 27 primary care trusts adjacent to 13 trial centres based at NHS Trusts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Methods Postmenopausal average-risk women, aged 50-74, with intact ovaries and no previous ovarian or current non-ovarian cancer. Interventions One of two annual screening strategies: (1) multimodal screening (MMS) using a longitudinal CA125 algorithm with repeat CA125 testing and transvaginal scan (TVS) as second line test (2) ultrasound screening (USS) using TVS alone with repeat scan to confirm any abnormality. The control (C) group had no screening. Follow-up was through linkage to national registries, postal follow-up questionnaires and direct communication with trial centres and participants. Objective To assess comprehensively risks and benefits of ovarian cancer screening in the general population. Outcome Primary outcome was death due to ovarian or tubal cancer as assigned by an independent outcomes review committee. Secondary outcomes included incidence and stage at diagnosis of ovarian and tubal cancer, compliance, performance characteristics, harms and cost-effectiveness of the two screening strategies and a bioresource for future research. Randomisation The trial management system confirmed eligibility and randomly allocated participants using computer-generated random numbers to MMS, USS and C groups in a 1:1:2 ratio. Blinding Investigators and participants were unblinded and outcomes review committee was masked to randomisation group. Analyses Primary analyses were by intention to screen, comparing separately MMS and USS with C using the Versatile test. Results 1,243,282 women were invited and 205,090 attended for recruitment between April 2001 and September 2005. Randomised 202,638 women: 50,640 MMS, 50,639 USS and 101,359 C group. Numbers analysed for primary outcome 202,562 (>99.9%): 50,625 (>99.9%) MMS, 50,623 (>99.9%) USS, and 101,314 (>99.9%) C group. Outcome Women in MMS and USS groups underwent 345,570 and 327,775 annual screens between randomisation and 31 December 2011. At median follow-up of 16.3 (IQR 15.1-17.3) years, 2055 women developed ovarian or tubal cancer: 522 (1.0% of 50,625) MMS, 517 (1.0% of 50,623) USS, and 1016 (1.0% of 101314) in C group. Compared to the C group, in the MMS group, the incidence of Stage I/II disease was 39.2% (95% CI 16.1 to 66.9) higher and stage III/IV 10.2% (95% CI -21.3 to 2.4) lower. There was no difference in stage in the USS group. 1206 women died of the disease: 296 (0.6%) MMS, 291 (0.6%) USS, and 619 (0.6%) C group. There was no significant reduction in ovarian and tubal cancer deaths in either MMS (p = 0.580) or USS (p = 0.360) groups compared to the C group. Overall compliance with annual screening episode was 80.8% (345,570/420,047) in the MMS and 78.0% (327,775/420,047) in the USS group. For ovarian and tubal cancers diagnosed within one year of the last test in a screening episode, in the MMS group, the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values were 83.8% (95% CI 78.7 to 88.1), 99.8% (95% CI 99.8 to 99.9), and 28.8% (95% CI 25.5 to 32.2) and in the USS group, 72.2% (95% CI 65.9 to 78.0), 99.5% (95% CI 99.5 to 99.5), and 9.1% (95% CI 7.8 to 10.5) respectively. The final within-trial cost-effectiveness analysis was not undertaken as there was no mortality reduction. A bioresource (UKCTOCS Longitudinal Women's Cohort) of longitudinal outcome data and over 0.5 million serum samples including serial annual samples in women in the MMS group was established and to date has been used in many new studies, mainly focused on early detection of cancer. Harms Both screening tests (venepuncture and TVS) were associated with minor complications with low (8.6/100,000 screens MMS; 18.6/100,000 screens USS) complication rates. Screening itself did not cause anxiety unless more intense repeat testing was required following abnormal screens. In the MMS group, for each screen-detected ovarian or tubal cancer, an additional 2.3 (489 false positives; 212 cancers) women in the MMS group had unnecessary false-positive (benign adnexal pathology or normal adnexa) surgery. Overall, 14 (489/345,572 annual screens) underwent unnecessary surgery per 10,000 screens. In the USS group, for each screen-detected ovarian or tubal cancer, an additional 10 (1630 false positives; 164 cancers) underwent unnecessary false-positive surgery. Overall, 50 (1630/327,775 annual screens) women underwent unnecessary surgery per 10,000 screens. Conclusions Population screening for ovarian and tubal cancer for average-risk women using these strategies should not be undertaken. Decreased incidence of Stage III/IV cancers during multimodal screening did not translate to mortality reduction. Researchers should be cautious about using early stage as a surrogate outcome in screening trials. Meanwhile the bioresource provides a unique opportunity to evaluate early cancer detection tests. Funding Long-term follow-up UKCTOCS (2015-2020) - National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR HTA grant 16/46/01), Cancer Research UK, and The Eve Appeal. UKCTOCS (2001-2014) - Medical Research Council (MRC) (G9901012/G0801228), Cancer Research UK (C1479/A2884), and the UK Department of Health, with additional support from The Eve Appeal. Researchers at UCL were supported by the NIHR UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre and by MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL core funding (MR_UU_12023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Burnell
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andy Ryan
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jatinderpal K Kalsi
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Naveena Singh
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Anne Dawnay
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Barts Health NHS Service Trust, London, UK
| | - Lesley Fallowfield
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research and Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | | | | | - Steven J Skates
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahesh Parmar
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ian J Jacobs
- Department of Women's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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6
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Bahar-Shany K, Barnabas GD, Deutsch L, Deutsch N, Glick-Saar E, Dominissini D, Sapoznik S, Helpman L, Perri T, Blecher A, Katz G, Yagel I, Rosenblatt O, Shai D, Brandt B, Meyer R, Mohr-Sasson A, Volodarsky-Perel A, Zilberman I, Armon S, Jakobson-Setton A, Eitan R, Kadan Y, Beiner M, Josephy D, Brodsky M, Friedman E, Anafi L, Molchanov Y, Korach J, Geiger T, Levanon K. Proteomic signature for detection of high-grade ovarian cancer in germline BRCA mutation carriers. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:781-793. [PMID: 36214786 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
No current screening methods for high-grade ovarian cancer (HGOC) guarantee effective early detection for high-risk women such as germline BRCA mutation carriers. Therefore, the standard-of-care remains risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) around age 40. Proximal liquid biopsy is a promising source of biomarkers, but sensitivity has not yet qualified for clinical implementation. We aimed to develop a proteomic assay based on proximal liquid biopsy, as a decision support tool for monitoring high-risk population. Ninety Israeli BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers were included in the training set (17 HGOC patients and 73 asymptomatic women), (BEDOCA trial; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03150121). The proteome of the microvesicle fraction of the samples was profiled by mass spectrometry and a classifier was developed using logistic regression. An independent cohort of 98 BRCA mutation carriers was used for validation. Safety information was collected for all women who opted for uterine lavage in a clinic setting. We present a 7-protein diagnostic signature, with AUC >0.97 and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% for detecting HGOC. The AUC of the biomarker in the independent validation set was >0.94 and the NPV >99%. The sampling procedure was clinically acceptable, with favorable pain scores and safety. We conclude that the acquisition of Müllerian tract proximal liquid biopsies in women at high-risk for HGOC and the application of the BRCA-specific diagnostic assay demonstrates high sensitivity, specificity, technical feasibility and safety. Similar classifier for an average-risk population is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Bahar-Shany
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Georgina D Barnabas
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Lisa Deutsch
- BioStats, Statistical Consulting Ltd, Modiin, Israel
| | | | - Efrat Glick-Saar
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dan Dominissini
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Stav Sapoznik
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Limor Helpman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Perri
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Anna Blecher
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Guy Katz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Itai Yagel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Orgad Rosenblatt
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Daniel Shai
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Benny Brandt
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Raanan Meyer
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Aya Mohr-Sasson
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Itamar Zilberman
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shunit Armon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ariella Jakobson-Setton
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Ram Eitan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yfat Kadan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Mario Beiner
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Dana Josephy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Malka Brodsky
- Meirav Breast Health Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eitan Friedman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,The Susanne-Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Liat Anafi
- Department of Pathology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yossef Molchanov
- Department of Pathology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jacob Korach
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Keren Levanon
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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7
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Li Y, Qu J, Sun Y, Chang C. Troponin T1 Promotes the Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer by Regulating Cell Cycle and Apoptosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 21:e3405. [PMID: 36811103 PMCID: PMC9938930 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2022.344921.3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Troponin T1 (TNNT1) is implicated in human carcinogenesis. However, the role of TNNT1 in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. Objectives To investigate the effect of TNNT1 on the progression of ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods The level of TNNT1 was evaluated in OC patients based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Knockdown or overexpression of TNNT1 using siRNA targeting TNNT1 or plasmid carrying TNNT1 was performed in the ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell, respectively. RT-qPCR was performed to detect mRNA expression. Western blotting was used to examine protein expression. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, cell cycle, and transwell assays were performed to analyze the role of TNNT1 on the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer. Besides, xenograft model was carried out to evaluate the in vivo effect of TNNT1 on OC progression. Results Based on available bioinformatics data in TCGA, we found that TNNT1 was overexpressed in ovarian cancer samples comparing to normal samples. Knocking down TNNT1 repressed the migration as well as the proliferation of SKOV3 cells, while overexpression of TNNT1 exhibited opposite effect. In addition, down-regulation of TNNT1 hampered the xenografted tumor growth of SKOV3 cells. Up-regulation of TNNT1 in SKOV3 cells induced the expression of Cyclin E1 and Cyclin D1, promoted cell cycle progression, and also suppressed the activity of Cas-3/Cas-7. Conclusions In conclusion, TNNT1 overexpression promotes SKOV3 cell growth and tumorigenesis by inhibiting cell apoptosis and accelerating cell-cycle progression. TNNT1 might be a potent biomarker for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Li
- Department of Gynecology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Jinfeng Qu
- Department of Gynecology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Yaping Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Chunxiao Chang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
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8
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Timofeeva AV, Asaturova AV, Sannikova MV, Khabas GN, Chagovets VV, Fedorov IS, Frankevich VE, Sukhikh GT. Search for New Participants in the Pathogenesis of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer with the Potential to Be Used as Diagnostic Molecules. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122017. [PMID: 36556382 PMCID: PMC9784419 DOI: 10.3390/life12122017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have attempted to develop molecular signatures of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) based on the quantitation of protein-coding and non-coding RNAs to predict disease prognosis. Due to the heterogeneity of EOC, none of the developed prognostic signatures were directly applied in clinical practice. Our work focuses on high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) due to the highest mortality rate relative to other types of EOC. Using deep sequencing of small non-coding RNAs in combination with quantitative real-time PCR, we confirm the dualistic classification of epithelial ovarian cancers based on the miRNA signature of HGSOC (type 2), which differs from benign cystadenoma and borderline cystadenoma-precursors of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (type 1)-and identified two subtypes of HGSOC, which significantly differ in the level of expression of the progesterone receptor in the tumor tissue, the secretion of miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-20a-5p, the level of serum CA125, tumor size, surgical outcome (optimal or suboptimal cytoreduction), and response to chemotherapy. It was found that the combined determination of the level of miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-93-5p circulating in blood plasma of patients with primary HGSOC tumors makes it possible to predict optimal cytoreduction with 80.1% sensitivity and 70% specificity (p = 0.022, TPR = 0.8, FPR = 0.3), as well as complete response to adjuvant chemotherapy with 77.8% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity (p = 0.001, TPR = 0.78, FPR = 0.09). After the additional verification of the obtained data in a larger HGSOC patient cohort, the combined quantification of these four miRNAs is proposed to be used as a criterion for selecting patients either for primary cytoreduction or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika V. Timofeeva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +7-495-531-4444
| | - Aleksandra V. Asaturova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maya V. Sannikova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Grigory N. Khabas
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy V. Chagovets
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan S. Fedorov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir E. Frankevich
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Gennady T. Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Ac. Oparina 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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9
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Clark KL, George JW, Przygrodzka E, Plewes MR, Hua G, Wang C, Davis JS. Hippo Signaling in the Ovary: Emerging Roles in Development, Fertility, and Disease. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:1074-1096. [PMID: 35596657 PMCID: PMC9695108 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Emerging studies indicate that the Hippo pathway, a highly conserved pathway that regulates organ size control, plays an important role in governing ovarian physiology, fertility, and pathology. Specific to the ovary, the spatiotemporal expression of the major components of the Hippo signaling cascade are observed throughout the reproductive lifespan. Observations from multiple species begin to elucidate the functional diversity and molecular mechanisms of Hippo signaling in the ovary in addition to the identification of interactions with other signaling pathways and responses to various external stimuli. Hippo pathway components play important roles in follicle growth and activation, as well as steroidogenesis, by regulating several key biological processes through mechanisms of cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and cell fate determination. Given the importance of these processes, dysregulation of the Hippo pathway contributes to loss of follicular homeostasis and reproductive disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian insufficiency, and ovarian cancers. This review highlights what is currently known about the Hippo pathway core components in ovarian physiology, including ovarian development, follicle development, and oocyte maturation, while identifying areas for future research to better understand Hippo signaling as a multifunctional pathway in reproductive health and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L Clark
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Jitu W George
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Emilia Przygrodzka
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Michele R Plewes
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Guohua Hua
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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Chang YH, Chu TY, Ding DC. Spontaneous Transformation of a p53 and Rb-Defective Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cell Line after Long Passage with Features of High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213843. [PMID: 36430324 PMCID: PMC9695839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers, and 80% are high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSOC). Despite advances in chemotherapy and the development of targeted therapies, the survival rate of HGSOC has only moderately improved. Therefore, a cell model that reflects the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of this disease is urgently needed. We previously developed a human fallopian tube epithelial cell line (FE25) with p53 and Rb deficiencies. After long-term culture in vitro, cells at high-passage numbers showed spontaneous transformation (FE25L). This study aimed to compare FE25 cells cultured in vitro for low (passage 16-31) and high passages (passage 116-139) to determine whether these cells can serve as an ideal cell model of HGSOC. Compared to the cells at low passage, FE25L cells showed increased cell proliferation, clonogenicity, polyploidy, aneuploidy, cell migration, and invasion. They also showed more resistance to chemotherapy and the ability to grow tumors in xenografts. RNA-seq data also showed upregulation of hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the NF-κB pathway in FE25L compared to FE25 cells. qRT-PCR confirmed the upregulation of EMT, cytokines, NF-κB, c-Myc, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cross-platform comparability found that FE25L cells could be grouped with the other most likely HGSOC lines, such as TYKNU and COV362. In conclusion, FE25L cells showed more aggressive malignant behavior than FE25 cells and hence might serve as a more suitable model for HGSOC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsun Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Yuan Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Collagen of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Collagen of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3856-1825 (ext. 13383); Fax: +886-3857-7161
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11
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Ruel-Laliberté J, Kasasni SM, Oprea D, Viau M. Outcome and Management of Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma Following Opportunistic Salpingectomy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2022; 44:1174-1180. [PMID: 36099965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serous ovarian cancer is the most common subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma-the most prevalent type of ovarian cancer. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is thought to arise from the distal fallopian tube, with a precursor lesion known as serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). STICs are found in the final pathology of a salpingectomy specimen in 10%-20% of women with a BRCA gene mutation and 1%-7% of women without a mutation. However, there is currently no official guideline and a paucity of data on the management of STICs. DATA SOURCES We performed a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Five databases were searched for relevant studies on STICs. STUDY SELECTION Two independent reviewers performed the abstract and full-text screening and data extraction, with conflicts resolved through discussion with the third reviewer. The risk of bias of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Fourteen articles were included. Ninety-nine patients who were diagnosed with STIC and subsequently followed for a mean period of 55.5 months were included in this analysis. Eighty-three patients (83.9%) were BRCA mutation carriers. After the diagnosis of isolated STIC, 7 patients (7.3%) received chemotherapy and 25 (26%) underwent surgical staging. Three of the 25 patients were diagnosed with HGSOC based on the staging surgery. Nine patients were later diagnosed with HGSOC during follow-up, with an average duration of follow-up of 58.5 months between the diagnosis of STIC and the diagnosis of HGSOC. CONCLUSION Based on our review of the literature, there is a 10.7% risk of having concurrent HGSOC at the time of STIC diagnosis, and the risk of developing a subsequent HGSOC is 14.5%. BRCA mutation status should be determined in cases of isolated STIC, as 83.9% of patients included in this study were found to carry BRCA mutations. We believe it is necessary to further investigate the role of surgical staging following the diagnosis of STIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ruel-Laliberté
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynaecologic Oncology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC.
| | | | - Diana Oprea
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC
| | - Mathieu Viau
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynaecologic Oncology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC
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12
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Salvati A, Carnevali I, Alexandrova E, Facchi S, Ronchi S, Libera L, Sahnane N, Memoli D, Lamberti J, Amabile S, Pepe S, Tarallo R, Sessa F, Weisz A, Tibiletti MG, Rizzo F. Targeted molecular profiling of epithelial ovarian cancer from Italian BRCA wild-type patients with a BRCA and PARP pathways gene panel. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 128:104833. [PMID: 36165864 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fifth most common type of cancer in women and the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women. Identification of pathogenic variants in OC tissues has an important clinical significance for therapeutic and prevention purposes. This study aims to evaluate the mutational profile of a patient cohort, negative for BRCA1/2 germinal variants and Mismatch Repair defects, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach on DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. We used a custom NGS panel, targeting 34 cancer-related genes, mainly of the BRCA and PARP pathways, and analyzed NGS data to identify somatic and germline variants in Italian patients affected by primary epithelial ovarian cancer. We analyzed 75 epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and identified 54 pathogenic variants and 56 variants of unknown significance. TP53 was characterized by the highest mutational rate, occurring in 55% of tested epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs). Interestingly, a subset of 8 EOCs showed pathogenic variants of homologous recombination pathway, which could be sensitive to PARP-inhibitor therapies. Germline analysis of actionable genes revealed 4 patients carrier of pathogenic germline variants respectively of RAD51C (2 patients), RAD51D, and PALB2. Molecular profiling of EOCs using our custom NGS panel has enabled the detection of both somatic and germline variants, allowing the selection of patients suitable for targeted therapies, and the identification of high-risk OC families that can benefit from genetic counseling and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Salvati
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Oncology, AOU'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Università di Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Rete Oncologica Campana, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Ileana Carnevali
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo - ASST Settelaghi and Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Elena Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Sofia Facchi
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo - ASST Settelaghi and Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Susanna Ronchi
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo - ASST Settelaghi and Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Laura Libera
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo - ASST Settelaghi and Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Nora Sahnane
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo - ASST Settelaghi and Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Domenico Memoli
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Oncology, AOU'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Università di Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Rete Oncologica Campana, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Jessica Lamberti
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Sonia Amabile
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Oncology, AOU'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Università di Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Rete Oncologica Campana, Italy
| | - Stefano Pepe
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Oncology, AOU'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Università di Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Rete Oncologica Campana, Italy
| | - Roberta Tarallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Fausto Sessa
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo - ASST Settelaghi and Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Medical Genomics Program and Division of Oncology, AOU'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Università di Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Rete Oncologica Campana, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Tibiletti
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo - ASST Settelaghi and Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; Genome Research Center for Health - CRGS, Campus of Medicine of the University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
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Park KJ, Broach V, Chi DS, Linkov I, Stanczyk FZ, Patel P, Jotwani A, Pearce CL, Pike MC, Kauff ND. Proliferation of the Fallopian Tube Fimbriae and Cortical Inclusion Cysts: Effects of the Menstrual Cycle and the Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Contraceptive System. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1823-1829. [PMID: 35700017 PMCID: PMC9444882 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objectives of this study were (i) to explore whether differences in cell proliferation may help explain why most high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) arise in the fallopian tube fimbriae (FTF) rather than in ovarian cortical inclusion cysts (CIC); (ii) to compare premenopausal and postmenopausal FTF proliferation as a reason why the age incidence of HGSOC increases at a slower rate after menopause; and (iii) to compare FTF proliferation in cycling women and women using the levonorgestrel intrauterine contraceptive system (Lng-IUS) to see whether proliferation on the Lng-IUS was lower. METHODS We studied 60 women undergoing a salpingo-oophorectomy. We used Ki67, paired-box gene 8 (PAX8, Müllerian marker), and calretinin (mesothelial marker) to study FTF and CIC proliferation. RESULTS FTF Ki67%+ was greater in the follicular than in the luteal phase (4.9% vs. 1.5%; P = 0.003); postmenopausal Ki67%+ was 1.7%. Ki67%+ in PAX8 negative (PAX8-) CICs was extremely low. Proliferation in PAX8+ CICs did not vary by menstrual phase or menopausal status. Follicular Ki67%+ was 2.6-fold higher in FTF than PAX8+ CICs. FTF Ki67%+ from 10 women using the Lng-IUS was not lower than in cycling women. CONCLUSIONS Overall FTF Ki67%+ is greater than overall CIC Ki67%+. Overall FTF Ki67%+ in postmenopausal women is lower than in premenopausal women. The Lng-IUS is not associated with lower FTF Ki67%+. IMPACT Ki67%+ provides an explanation of the preponderance of FTF-derived HGSOCs, and of the slower increase of HGSOCs after menopause. The Lng-IUS may not be associated with a protective effect against HGSOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay J. Park
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vance Broach
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dennis S. Chi
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Irina Linkov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Frank Z Stanczyk
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Prusha Patel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anjali Jotwani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Noah D. Kauff
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lake Success, New York, New York
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14
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Yokomizo S, Henary M, Buabeng ER, Fukuda T, Monaco H, Baek Y, Manganiello S, Wang H, Kubota J, Ulumben AD, Lv X, Wang C, Inoue K, Fukushi M, Kang H, Bao K, Kashiwagi S, Choi HS. Topical pH Sensing NIR Fluorophores for Intraoperative Imaging and Surgery of Disseminated Ovarian Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201416. [PMID: 35567348 PMCID: PMC9286000 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) aids surgeons with real-time visualization of small cancer foci and borders, which improves surgical and prognostic efficacy of cancer. Despite the steady advances in imaging devices, there is a scarcity of fluorophores available to achieve optimal FGS. Here, 1) a pH-sensitive near-infrared fluorophore that exhibits rapid signal changes in acidic tumor microenvironments (TME) caused by the attenuation of intramolecular quenching, 2) the inherent targeting for cancer based on chemical structure (structure inherent targeting, SIT), and 3) mitochondrial and lysosomal retention are reported. After topical application of PH08 on peritoneal tumor regions in ovarian cancer-bearing mice, a rapid fluorescence increase (< 10 min), and extended preservation of signals (> 4 h post-topical application) are observed, which together allow for the visualization of submillimeter tumors with a high tumor-to-background ratio (TBR > 5.0). In addition, PH08 is preferentially transported to cancer cells via organic anion transporter peptides (OATPs) and colocalizes in the mitochondria and lysosomes due to the positive charges, enabling a long retention time during FGS. PH08 not only has a significant impact on surgical and diagnostic applications but also provides an effective and scalable strategy to design therapeutic agents for a wide array of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yokomizo
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
- Department of Radiological SciencesTokyo Metropolitan University7‐2‐10 Higashi‐OguArakawaTokyo116–8551Japan
| | - Maged Henary
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and TherapeuticsGeorgia State University100 Piedmont Avenue SEAtlantaGA30303USA
| | - Emmanuel R. Buabeng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and TherapeuticsGeorgia State University100 Piedmont Avenue SEAtlantaGA30303USA
| | - Takeshi Fukuda
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyOsaka City University Graduate School of Medicine1‐4‐3, AsahimachiAbeno‐kuOsaka545–8585Japan
| | - Hailey Monaco
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Yoonji Baek
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Sophia Manganiello
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Haoran Wang
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Jo Kubota
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Amy Daniel Ulumben
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Xiangmin Lv
- Vincent Center for Reproductive BiologyVincent Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive BiologyVincent Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Kazumasa Inoue
- Department of Radiological SciencesTokyo Metropolitan University7‐2‐10 Higashi‐OguArakawaTokyo116–8551Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukushi
- Department of Radiological SciencesTokyo Metropolitan University7‐2‐10 Higashi‐OguArakawaTokyo116–8551Japan
| | - Homan Kang
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Kai Bao
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Satoshi Kashiwagi
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
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15
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Hulstaert E, Levanon K, Morlion A, Van Aelst S, Christidis AA, Zamar R, Anckaert J, Verniers K, Bahar-Shany K, Sapoznik S, Vandesompele J, Mestdagh P. RNA biomarkers from proximal liquid biopsy for diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Neoplasia 2022; 24:155-164. [PMID: 34998206 PMCID: PMC8740458 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a high mortality rate. Current screening strategies fail to improve prognosis because markers that are sensitive for early stage disease are lacking. This medical need justifies the search for novel approaches using utero-tubal lavage as a proximal liquid biopsy. METHODS In this study, we explore the extracellular transcriptome of utero-tubal lavage fluid obtained from 26 ovarian cancer patients and 48 controls using messenger RNA (mRNA) capture and small RNA sequencing. RESULTS We observed an enrichment of ovarian and fallopian tube specific messenger RNAs in utero-tubal lavage fluid compared to other human biofluids. Over 300 mRNAs and 41 miRNAs were upregulated in ovarian cancer samples compared with controls. Upregulated genes were enriched for genes involved in cell cycle activation and proliferation, hinting at a tumor-derived signal. CONCLUSION This is a proof-of-principle that mRNA capture sequencing of utero-tubal lavage fluid is technically feasible, and that the extracellular transcriptome of utero-tubal lavage should be further explored in larger cohorts to assess the diagnostic value of the biomarkers identified in this study. IMPACT Proximal liquid biopsy from the gynecologic tract is a promising source for mRNA and miRNA biomarkers for diagnosis of early-stage ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hulstaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Keren Levanon
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Annelien Morlion
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ruben Zamar
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jasper Anckaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kimberly Verniers
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Keren Bahar-Shany
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Stav Sapoznik
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Mestdagh
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Assessment of Ovarian Tumor Growth in Wild-Type and Lumican-Deficient Mice: Insights Using Infrared Spectral Imaging, Histopathology, and Immunohistochemistry. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235950. [PMID: 34885059 PMCID: PMC8656468 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lumican, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), maintains extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity while inhibiting melanoma primary tumor development, as well as metastatic spread. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of lumican on tumor growth of murine ovarian carcinoma. C57BL/6 wild type mice (n = 12) and lumican-deficient mice (n = 10) were subcutaneously injected with murine ovarian epithelial carcinoma ID8 cells, and sacrificed after 18 days. Label-free infrared spectral imaging (IRSI) generated high contrast IR images allowing identification of different ECM regions of the skin and the ovarian tumor. IRSI showed a good correlation with collagen distribution as well as organization, as analyzed using second harmonic generation imaging within the tumor area. The results demonstrated that lumican inhibited the growth of ovarian cancer mainly by altering collagen fibrilogenesis. Abstract Ovarian cancer remains one of the most fatal cancers due to a lack of robust screening methods of detection at early stages. Extracellular matrix (ECM) mediates interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment via specific molecules. Lumican, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), maintains ECM integrity and inhibits both melanoma primary tumor development, as well as metastatic spread. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of lumican on tumor growth of murine ovarian epithelial cancer. C57BL/6 wild type mice (n = 12) and lumican-deficient mice (n = 10) were subcutaneously injected with murine ovarian epithelial carcinoma ID8 cells, and then sacrificed after 18 days. Analysis of tumor volumes demonstrated an inhibitory effect of endogenous lumican on ovarian tumor growth. The ovarian primary tumors were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical staining using anti-lumican, anti-αv integrin, anti-CD31 and anti-cyclin D1 antibodies, and then further examined by label-free infrared spectral imaging (IRSI), second harmonic generation (SHG) and Picrosirius red staining. The IR tissue images allowed for the identification of different ECM tissue regions of the skin and the ovarian tumor. Moreover, IRSI showed a good correlation with αv integrin immunostaining and collagen organization within the tumor. Our results demonstrate that lumican inhibits ovarian cancer growth mainly by altering collagen fibrilogenesis.
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17
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Amit A, Sabo E, Petruseva A, Stroller L, Reiss A, Klorin G. Computerized morphometry analysis of epithelial fimbriae nuclear symmetry in BRCA carriers may identify patients at risk for developing ovarian cancer. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:892-899. [PMID: 34626142 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Serous ovarian tumors may originate in epithelial cells of the fallopian tubes. Computerized morphometry was able to find significant alterations in the fallopian tube epithelium of healthy BRCA carriers. The purpose of this study was to identify a subgroup of BRCA carriers that may be at risk of developing serous ovarian cancer by evaluation of the epithelial nuclear symmetry in the fallopian tubes. Four groups of patients were analyzed; healthy patients, ovarian cancer patients, BRCA carriers, and BRCA noncarriers. All fallopian tubes appeared normal by H&E examination. The ImageProPlus software was used to assess the nuclear symmetry of 65 fimbriae epithelium cells and an artificial neural network algorithm aided in detecting a subpopulation among fimbriae of healthy BRCA carriers at risk for ovarian cancer. Significant differences were found between healthy patients and ovarian cancer patients, and between BRCA carriers and noncarriers. The algorithm was able to accurately predict BRCA carriers with associated ovarian cancer based on fallopian tube nuclear symmetry characteristics. These results reinforce the hypothesis that fimbriae epithelial cells of BRCA carriers may undergo early-stage changes that could predict the risk of progression toward malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Amit
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Edmond Sabo
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Pathology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anna Petruseva
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Leah Stroller
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ari Reiss
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Geula Klorin
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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18
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Berek JS, Renz M, Kehoe S, Kumar L, Friedlander M. Cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum: 2021 update. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021; 155 Suppl 1:61-85. [PMID: 34669199 PMCID: PMC9298325 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In 2014, FIGO's Committee for Gynecologic Oncology revised the staging of ovarian cancer, incorporating ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer into the same system. Most of these malignancies are high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC). Stage IC is now divided into three categories: IC1 (surgical spill); IC2 (capsule ruptured before surgery or tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface); and IC3 (malignant cells in the ascites or peritoneal washings). The updated staging includes a revision of Stage IIIC based on spread to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes alone without intraperitoneal dissemination. This category is now subdivided into IIIA1(i) (metastasis ≤10 mm in greatest dimension), and IIIA1(ii) (metastasis >10 mm in greatest dimension). Stage IIIA2 is now "microscopic extrapelvic peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph node" metastasis. This review summarizes the genetics, surgical management, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies for epithelial cancers, and the treatment of ovarian germ cell and stromal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S. Berek
- Stanford Women’s Cancer CenterStanford Cancer InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Malte Renz
- Stanford Women’s Cancer CenterStanford Cancer InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sean Kehoe
- Oxford Gynecological Cancer CenterChurchill HospitalOxfordUK
- St Peter’s CollegeOxfordUK
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Medical OncologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Michael Friedlander
- Royal Hospital for WomenSydneyAustralia
- Prince of Wales Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
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19
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Soto JA, Rodríguez-Antolín C, Vera O, Pernía O, Esteban-Rodríguez I, Dolores Diestro M, Benitez J, Sánchez-Cabo F, Alvarez R, De Castro J, Ibanez de Cáceres I. Transcriptional epigenetic regulation of Fkbp1/Pax9 genes is associated with impaired sensitivity to platinum treatment in ovarian cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:167. [PMID: 34454589 PMCID: PMC8401184 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In an effort to contribute to overcoming the platinum resistance exhibited by most solid tumors, we performed an array of epigenetic approaches, integrating next-generation methodologies and public clinical data to identify new potential epi-biomarkers in ovarian cancer, which is considered the most devastating of gynecological malignancies.
Methods We cross-analyzed data from methylome assessments and restoration of gene expression through microarray expression in a panel of four paired cisplatin-sensitive/cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines, along with publicly available clinical data from selected individuals representing the state of chemoresistance. We validated the methylation state and expression levels of candidate genes in each cellular phenotype through Sanger sequencing and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively. We tested the biological role of selected targets using an ectopic expression plasmid assay in the sensitive/resistant tumor cell lines, assessing the cell viability in the transfected groups. Epigenetic features were also assessed in 189 primary samples obtained from ovarian tumors and controls. Results We identified PAX9 and FKBP1B as potential candidate genes, which exhibited epigenetic patterns of expression regulation in the experimental approach. Re-establishment of FKBP1B expression in the resistant OVCAR3 phenotype in which this gene is hypermethylated and inhibited allowed it to achieve a degree of platinum sensitivity similar to the sensitive phenotype. The evaluation of these genes at a translational level revealed that PAX9 hypermethylation leads to a poorer prognosis in terms of overall survival. We also set a precedent for establishing a common epigenetic signature in which the validation of a single candidate, MEST, proved the accuracy of our computational pipelines. Conclusions Epigenetic regulation of PAX9 and FKBP1B genes shows that methylation in non-promoter areas has the potential to control gene expression and thus biological consequences, such as the loss of platinum sensitivity. At the translational level, PAX9 behaves as a predictor of chemotherapy response to platinum in patients with ovarian cancer. This study revealed the importance of the transcript-specific study of each gene under potential epigenetic regulation, which would favor the identification of new markers capable of predicting each patient’s progression and therapeutic response. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01149-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Andrés Soto
- Universidad de Santander, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Masira Research Institute, Bucaramanga, Colombia. .,Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Antolín
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.,Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, Calle de Pedro Rico, 6, 28029, IdiPAZMadrid, Spain
| | - Olga Vera
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.,Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, Calle de Pedro Rico, 6, 28029, IdiPAZMadrid, Spain
| | - Olga Pernía
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.,Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, Calle de Pedro Rico, 6, 28029, IdiPAZMadrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Esteban-Rodríguez
- Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, Calle de Pedro Rico, 6, 28029, IdiPAZMadrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Diestro
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network On Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Alvarez
- Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, Calle de Oña, 10, 28050, Sanchinarro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier De Castro
- Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, Calle de Pedro Rico, 6, 28029, IdiPAZMadrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Ibanez de Cáceres
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain. .,Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, Calle de Pedro Rico, 6, 28029, IdiPAZMadrid, Spain.
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20
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miR-486 Promotes the Invasion and Cell Cycle Progression of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Targeting CADM1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2021:7407086. [PMID: 34395181 PMCID: PMC8360751 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7407086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the role and possible underlying mechanism of miR-486 in ovarian cancer (OC) cells. Methods The expression of miR-486 and CADM1 was detected by qRT-PCR in OC tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues and OC cell lines. The dual-luciferase reporter gene system was used to determine the targeting relationship between miR-486 and CADM1. CCK-8, colony formation assay, Transwell, and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell proliferation, cell invasion, cell cycle progression, and the apoptotic cell death, respectively. Western blot was carried out to detect the expression of CADM1 protein and the proteins associated with cell cycle progression. Results miR-486 was significantly upregulated in OC tissues and cells, while CADM1 expression was significantly downregulated. Dual-luciferase reporter assays further confirmed that CADM1 was a target gene of miR-486. Interference with miR-486 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion and promoted the apoptosis of SKOV3 cells. Knocking down both miR-486 and CADM1 significantly increased the SKOV3 cell proliferation, invasion, and the number of cells transitioning from the G0/G1 phase into the S phase of cell cycle and reduced the cellular apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of cell cycle progression-related proteins (CyclinD1, CyclinE, and CDK6) was significantly reduced, and the p21 expression was increased when interfering with both miR-486 and CADM1 expression. Conclusion Our results suggested that miR-486 could act as a tumor promoter by targeting CADM1 and be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OC.
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21
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Jin J, Li Y, Muluh TA, Zhi L, Zhao Q. Identification of CXCL10-Relevant Tumor Microenvironment Characterization and Clinical Outcome in Ovarian Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:678747. [PMID: 34386037 PMCID: PMC8354215 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.678747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemokines are implicated in tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration. Development of ovarian cancer involves heterologous cells together with the adjacent microenvironment. Nonetheless, our understanding of the chemokine-related TME characteristics in ovarian cancer remains obscure. Methods In this large-scale multi-platform study of 10 microarray datasets consisting of 1,673 ovarian cancer patients, we comprehensively evaluated CXCL10 and CXCL9 expression risk classifications for predicting overall survival (OS) and TME immune characteristics. The cross-validation between a standard cohort (TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas) and three test cohorts (GEO: Gene-Expression Omnibus) was applied. We investigated differences in the biological functions and the underlying mechanisms between high- and low-risk classifications. Results We identified that evaluation of CXCL10 expression could predict the tumor development, immune cell infiltration, TME signature, genetic alteration, and patient prognosis in ovarian cancer. Low-risk classification was characterized by high CXCL10 expression and prolonged prognosis, which was positively associated with specific immune cell infiltration (i.e., T cells, DCs, aDC, and Th2 cells) and TME immune-relevant signatures. Meanwhile, the high-risk classification was defined by lower CXCL10/CXCL9 expression and relevant poor prognosis and immune infiltrations. The CXCL10-based low-risk classification was also linked to antitumor biological function of specific immune gene sets, such as IL2-STAT5 signaling. Additionally, a mutational pattern featured by enrichment of C > T transition was further identified to be associated with immune cell infiltration. Conclusions This work proposed a promising biomarker for evaluating TME immune characteristics and clinical outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. Estimation of CXCL10 risk pattern sheds a novel insight on ovarian cancer TME immune characteristics and provides strategies for ovarian cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tobias Achu Muluh
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liangke Zhi
- Sichuan Jinxing Education Consulting Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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22
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Mutated p53 in HGSC-From a Common Mutation to a Target for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143465. [PMID: 34298679 PMCID: PMC8304959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ovarian high-grade serous cancer (HGSC), the most common and the deadliest subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, is characterized by frequent mutations in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, encoding for the p53 protein in nearly 100% of cases. This makes p53 the focus of many studies trying to understand its role in HGSC. The aim of our review paper is to provide updates on the latest findings related to the role of mutant p53 in HGSC. This includes the clinical outcomes of TP53 mutations in HGSC, upstream regulators and downstream effectors of p53, its function in the earliest stages of HGSC development and in the interplay between the tumor cells and their microenvironment. We summarize with the likelihood of p53 mutants to serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis and as targets for therapy in HGSC. Abstract Mutations in tumor suppressor gene TP53, encoding for the p53 protein, are the most ubiquitous genetic variation in human ovarian HGSC, the most prevalent and lethal histologic subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The majority of TP53 mutations are missense mutations, leading to loss of tumor suppressive function of p53 and gain of new oncogenic functions. This review presents the clinical relevance of TP53 mutations in HGSC, elaborating on several recently identified upstream regulators of mutant p53 that control its expression and downstream target genes that mediate its roles in the disease. TP53 mutations are the earliest genetic alterations during HGSC pathogenesis, and we summarize current information related to p53 function in the pathogenesis of HGSC. The role of p53 is cell autonomous, and in the interaction between cancer cells and its microenvironment. We discuss the reduction in p53 expression levels in tumor associated fibroblasts that promotes cancer progression, and the role of mutated p53 in the interaction between the tumor and its microenvironment. Lastly, we discuss the potential of TP53 mutations to serve as diagnostic biomarkers and detail some more advanced efforts to use mutated p53 as a therapeutic target in HGSC.
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23
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Liu C, Barger CJ, Karpf AR. FOXM1: A Multifunctional Oncoprotein and Emerging Therapeutic Target in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3065. [PMID: 34205406 PMCID: PMC8235333 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the conserved forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Over the last two decades, FOXM1 has emerged as a multifunctional oncoprotein and a robust biomarker of poor prognosis in many human malignancies. In this review article, we address the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of regulation and oncogenic functions of FOXM1, particularly in the context of ovarian cancer. FOXM1 and its associated oncogenic transcriptional signature are enriched in >85% of ovarian cancer cases and FOXM1 expression and activity can be enhanced by a plethora of genomic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms. As a master transcriptional regulator, FOXM1 promotes critical oncogenic phenotypes in ovarian cancer, including: (1) cell proliferation, (2) invasion and metastasis, (3) chemotherapy resistance, (4) cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, (5) genomic instability, and (6) altered cellular metabolism. We additionally discuss the evidence for FOXM1 as a cancer biomarker, describe the rationale for FOXM1 as a cancer therapeutic target, and provide an overview of therapeutic strategies used to target FOXM1 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68918-6805, USA; (C.L.); (C.J.B.)
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24
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Brand H, Barnabas GD, Sapoznik S, Bahar-Shany K, Pozniak Y, Yung Y, Hourvitz A, Geiger T, Jacob-Hirsch J, Levanon K. NF-κB-miR-155 axis activation mediates ovulation-induced oncogenic effects in fallopian tube epithelium. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1703-1712. [PMID: 32614381 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells (FTSECs) are the cell-of-origin of most high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC). FTSECs are repeatedly exposed to inflammation induced by follicular fluid (FF) that is released with every ovulation cycle throughout a woman's reproductive years. Uninterrupted ovulation cycles are an established risk factor for HGSOC. Stimuli present in the FF induce an inflammatory environment which may cause DNA damage eventually leading to serous tumorigenesis. With the aim of elucidating possible mechanistic pathways, we established an 'ex vivo persistent ovulation model' mimicking the repeated exposure of human benign fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) to FF. We performed mass spectrometry analysis of the secretome of the ex vivo cultures as well as confirmatory targeted expressional and functional analyses. We demonstrated activation of the NF-κB pathway and upregulation of miR-155 following short-term exposure of FTE to human FF. Increased expression of miR-155 was also detected in primary HGSOC tumors compared with benign primary human FTE and corresponded with changes in the expression of miR-155 target genes. The phenotype of miR-155 overexpression in FTSEC cell line is of increased migratory and altered adhesion capacities. Overall, activation of the NF-κB-miR-155 axis in FTE may represent a possible link between ovulation-induced inflammation, DNA damage, and transcriptional changes that may eventually lead to serious carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Brand
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Georgina D Barnabas
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Stav Sapoznik
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Keren Bahar-Shany
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yair Pozniak
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Yuval Yung
- IVF Unit and Reproduction Lab, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ariel Hourvitz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.,IVF Unit and Reproduction Lab, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Keren Levanon
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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25
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Wesley T, Berzins S, Kannourakis G, Ahmed N. The attributes of plakins in cancer and disease: perspectives on ovarian cancer progression, chemoresistance and recurrence. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:55. [PMID: 34001250 PMCID: PMC8127266 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The plakin family of cytoskeletal proteins play an important role in cancer progression yet are under-studied in cancer, especially ovarian cancer. These large cytoskeletal proteins have primary roles in the maintenance of cytoskeletal integrity but are also associated with scaffolds of intermediate filaments and hemidesmosomal adhesion complexes mediating signalling pathways that regulate cellular growth, migration, invasion and differentiation as well as stress response. Abnormalities of plakins, and the closely related spectraplakins, result in diseases of the skin, striated muscle and nervous tissue. Their prevalence in epithelial cells suggests that plakins may play a role in epithelial ovarian cancer progression and recurrence. In this review article, we explore the roles of plakins, particularly plectin, periplakin and envoplakin in disease-states and cancers with emphasis on ovarian cancer. We discuss the potential role the plakin family of proteins play in regulating cancer cell growth, survival, migration, invasion and drug resistance. We highlight potential relationships between plakins, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) and discuss how interaction of these processes may affect ovarian cancer progression, chemoresistance and ultimately recurrence. We propose that molecular changes in the expression of plakins leads to the transition of benign ovarian tumours to carcinomas, as well as floating cellular aggregates (commonly known as spheroids) in the ascites microenvironment, which may contribute to the sustenance and progression of the disease. In this review, attempts have been made to understand the crucial changes in plakin expression in relation to progression and recurrence of ovarian cancer. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin Wesley
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Stuart Berzins
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia. .,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Centre for Reproductive Health, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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26
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Lu X, Ji C, Jiang L, Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Meng J, Gao J, Lu T, Ye J, Yan F. Tumour microenvironment-based molecular profiling reveals ideal candidates for high-grade serous ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12979. [PMID: 33522069 PMCID: PMC7941229 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to limited immunological profiles of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), we aimed to characterize its molecular features to determine whether a specific subset that can respond to immunotherapy exists. MATERIALS AND METHODS A training cohort of 418 HGSOC samples from TCGA was analysed by consensus non-negative matrix factorization. We correlated the expression patterns with the presence of immune cell infiltrates, immune regulatory molecules and other genomic or epigenetic features. Two independent cohorts containing 482 HGSOCs and in vitro experiments were used for validation. RESULTS We identified immune and non-immune groups where the former was enriched in signatures that reflect immune cells, infiltration and PD-1 signalling (all, P < 0.001), and presented with a lower chromosomal aberrations but increased neoantigens, tumour mutation burden, and microsatellite instability (all, P < 0.05); this group was further refined into two microenvironment-based subtypes characterized by either immunoactivation or carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and distinct prognosis. CAFs-immune subtype was enriched for factors that mediate immunosuppression and promote tumour progression, including highly expressed stromal signature, TGF-β signalling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumour-associated M2-polarized macrophages (all, P < 0.001). Robustness of these immune-specific subtypes was verified in validation cohorts, and in vitro experiments indicated that activated-immune subtype may benefit from anti-PD1 antibody therapy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings revealed two immune subtypes with different responses to immunotherapy and indicated that some HGSOCs may be susceptible to immunotherapies or combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Lu
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caoyu Ji
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyun Jiang
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA
| | - Yue Zhu
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Urology & Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jun Gao
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Lu
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junmei Ye
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangrong Yan
- State Key laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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27
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Shigeta S, Lui GYL, Shaw R, Moser R, Gurley KE, Durenberger G, Rosati R, Diaz RL, Ince TA, Swisher EM, Grandori C, Kemp CJ. Targeting BET Proteins BRD2 and BRD3 in Combination with PI3K-AKT Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:691-703. [PMID: 33509905 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a rare, chemo-resistant subtype of ovarian cancer. To identify novel therapeutic targets and combination therapies for OCCC, we subjected a set of patient-derived ovarian cancer cell lines to arrayed high-throughput siRNA and drug screening. The results indicated OCCC cells are vulnerable to knockdown of epigenetic gene targets such as bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins BRD2 and BRD3. Subsequent RNA interference assays, as well as BET inhibitor treatments, validated these BET proteins as potential therapeutic targets. Because development of resistance to single targeted agents is common, we next performed sensitizer drug screens to identify potential combination therapies with the BET inhibitor CPI0610. Several PI3K or AKT inhibitors were among the top drug combinations identified and subsequent work showed CPI0610 synergized with alpelisib or MK2206 by inducing p53-independent apoptosis. We further verified synergy between CPI0610 and PI3K-AKT pathway inhibitors alpelisib, MK2206, or ipatasertib in tumor organoids obtained directly from patients with OCCC. These findings indicate further preclinical evaluation of BET inhibitors, alone or in combination with PI3K-AKT inhibitors for OCCC, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Shigeta
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Goldie Y L Lui
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Reid Shaw
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Russell Moser
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kay E Gurley
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Grace Durenberger
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Cure First, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rachele Rosati
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Cure First, Seattle, Washington
| | - Robert L Diaz
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Cure First, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tan A Ince
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, and New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, New York
| | - Elizabeth M Swisher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carla Grandori
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Cure First, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christopher J Kemp
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
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28
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Ovulatory Follicular Fluid Facilitates the Full Transformation Process for the Development of High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030468. [PMID: 33530497 PMCID: PMC7865564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is mainly derived from the stepwise accumulation of driver mutations in the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), and it subsequently metastasizes to the ovary and peritoneum that develops into a clinically evident ovarian carcinoma. The developmental process involves cell proliferation/clonal expansion, cell migration, anoikis resistance, anchorage-independent growth (AIG), peritoneum attachment, and cell invasion. Previously, we discovered FTE could be transformed by follicular fluid (FF) released from ovulation, the most crucial risk factor of ovarian cancer, and IGF axis proteins in FF confers stemness activation and clonal expansion via IGF-1R/AKT pathway. However, whether other phenotypes in advanced cancer development are involved is unknown. Methods: A panel of FTE and ovarian HGSC cell lines with different severity of transformation were treated with FF with or without IGF-1R and AKT inhibitors and analyzed for the transformation phenotypes in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Results: FF largely promotes (by order of magnitude) cell migration, AIG, cell invasion, peritoneum attachment, anoikis resistance, and cell proliferation. Most of these activities worked in the full panel of cell lines. The AIG activity largely depends on IGF-1R/AKT phosphorylation, and the proliferation activity depends on an AKT phosphorylation not mediated by IGF-1R. In contrast, both AKT- and non-AKT-mediated signals are responsible for the other transformation activities. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate an extensive transformation activity of FF in the full journey of carcinogenesis, and endorsed ovulation-inhibition for the prevention and AKT-inhibition for the treatment of ovarian HGSC.
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29
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Hua T, Kang S, Li XF, Tian YJ, Li Y. DNA methylome profiling identifies novel methylated genes in epithelial ovarian cancer patients with platinum resistance. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:1031-1039. [PMID: 33403724 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Platinum-based chemotherapy is widely used for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). As high as 20-25% of EOC patients will not respond to the initial chemotherapy. Accumulated evidences have implied that DNA methylation may serve as a potential bio-marker for chemotherapy-resistant phenotypic screening; however, the pattern underlying primary platinum resistance remains unclear. METHODS Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) analysis was performed to identify differences in methylation status between primary platinum-resistant patients Progression free survival (PFS) (PFS < 6 months, n = 8) and extreme sensitive patients (PFS ≥ 24 months, n = 8). The Qubit 3.0 Fluorometer was used for the quantification of RRBS library. The RRBS library was sequenced on Illumina HiSeq2500 sequencer as 50 bp paired-end reads. RESULTS After screening, 94 valid hyper-/hypo-methylated regions were identified to be located within 94 gene promoter and exon regions (adjusted q ≤ 0.5), which were primarily associated with cell-cell adhesion, B cell activation and lymphocyte activation according to GO analysis. The 19 differentially methylated regions (DMR) located in the promoter region including TRC-GCA11-1, LOC105370912, ANO7P1, DHX4,MSH2, CDCP2, CCNL1, ARHGAP42P2, PRDM13, LOC101928344, USP29, ZIC5,IL1RAPL1, EVX2, ABR, MGRN1, UBALD1, LINC00261, and ISL2 were identified according to the order of P-values from low to high, of which MSH2, LINC00261, MGRN1, ZIC5, EVX2, CCNL1, and DHX40 were presented to play a variety of roles in cancers process based on the previous studies. CONCLUSION DNA methylome profiling based on RRBS assay is an effective method for screening aberrantly methylated genes in primary platinum-resistant patients, which may serve as a potential epigenetic bio-marker for the prediction of primary platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Hua
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Xing Tai People Hospital of Hebei Medial University, Xingtai, China
| | - Shan Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun-Jie Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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30
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Fisher JG, Tait D, Garrett-Mayer E, Halabi S, Mangat PK, Schink JC, Alvarez RH, Veljovich D, Cannon TL, Crilley PA, Pollock T, Calfa CJ, Al Baghdadi T, Thota R, Fleming N, Cotta JA, Rygiel AL, Warren SL, Schilsky RL. Cetuximab in Patients with Breast Cancer, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, and Ovarian Cancer Without KRAS, NRAS, or BRAF Mutations: Results from the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) Study. Target Oncol 2020; 15:733-741. [PMID: 33090333 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-020-00753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) Study, a phase II basket study, evaluates anti-tumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancers harboring genomic alterations known as drug targets. OBJECTIVE With no known genomic targets predictive of sensitivity to cetuximab, cetuximab was evaluated in patients with breast cancer (BC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and ovarian cancer (OC), without KRAS, NRAS, or BRAF mutations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients with advanced BC, NSCLC, and OC received a cetuximab loading dose, then weekly infusions (250 mg/m2 over 60 min). A Simon two-stage design, requiring ten patients in stage I, was employed per each disease-specific cohort. The primary endpoint was disease control (objective response or stable disease for at least 16 weeks). If two or more patients in stage I achieved disease control, the cohort would enroll 18 more patients in stage II. Power and alpha of the design are 85% and 10%, respectively. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety. RESULTS Patients with BC (n = 10), NSCLC (n = 10), and OC (n = 29) were enrolled between June 2016 and September 2018. No objective responses or stable disease for at least 16 weeks were observed in the BC and NSCLC cohorts. No objective responses and four patients with stable disease for at least 16 weeks were observed in the OC cohort. Six of 49 patients reported grade 3 or higher adverse events or serious adverse events at least possibly related to cetuximab. CONCLUSIONS Cetuximab does not have clinical activity in patients with advanced BC, NSCLC, and OC without KRAS, NRAS, or BRAF mutations. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02693535 (26 February, 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie G Fisher
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - David Tait
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Pam K Mangat
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2318 Mill Road, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carmen J Calfa
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Ramya Thota
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Cancer Clinic, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nicole Fleming
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Sugarland, TX, USA
| | - Jared A Cotta
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrew L Rygiel
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2318 Mill Road, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA
| | - Sasha L Warren
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2318 Mill Road, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA
| | - Richard L Schilsky
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2318 Mill Road, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA
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31
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Lipid Regulatory Proteins as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Ovarian Cancer in Obese Women. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113469. [PMID: 33233362 PMCID: PMC7700662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a recognized global epidemic that is associated with numerous comorbidities including type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer incidence and progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) has a unique mechanism of intra-peritoneal metastasis, already present in 80% of women at the time of diagnosis, making it the fifth leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy. Meta-analyses showed that obesity increases the risk of OvCa progression, leads to enhanced overall and organ-specific tumor burden, and adversely effects survival of women with OvCa. Recent data discovered that tumors grown in mice fed on a western diet (40% fat) have elevated lipid levels and a highly increased expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1). SREBP1 is a master transcription factor that regulates de novo lipogenesis and lipid homeostasis, and induces lipogenic reprogramming of tumor cells. Elevated SREBP1 levels are linked to cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. This review will summarize recent findings to provide a current understanding of lipid regulatory proteins in the ovarian tumor microenvironment with emphasis on SREBP1 expression in the obese host, the role of SREBP1 in cancer progression and metastasis, and potential therapeutic targeting of SREBPs and SREBP-pathway genes in treating cancers, particularly in the context of host obesity.
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32
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Tao T, Lin W, Wang Y, Zhang J, Chambers SK, Li B, Lea J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zheng W. Loss of tubal ciliated cells as a risk for "ovarian" or pelvic serous carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3815-3827. [PMID: 33294269 PMCID: PMC7716167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances suggest the fallopian tube as the main anatomic site for high-grade ovarian or pelvic serous carcinoma (O/PSC). Many studies on the biologic role of tubal secretory cells in O/PSC development has been performed in the last decade. However, the role of tubal ciliated cells in this regard has rarely been explored. The purpose of this study was to determine if the change of the tubal ciliated cells is associated with serous neoplasia within the female pelvis. This study included 3 groups (low-risk or benign control, high-risk, and O/PSC) of patients and they were age-matched. Age of patients ranged from 20 to 85 and the age-associated data was stratified by 10-year intervals. The number of tubal ciliated cells was determined by microscopy and by tubulin immunohistochemical staining. The data was then professionally analyzed. The results showed that the absolute number of tubal ciliated cells decreased significantly with age within each age group. A reduction in ciliated cell counts within the tubal segments remained a significant risk factor for the development of serous cancers within the female pelvis after age adjustment. A dramatic decrease of tubal ciliated cells was identified in patients with high-risk and with O/PSC compared to those in the benign control or low-risk group (P < 0.001). Further, within the tubal fimbria, the number of ciliated cells reduction was more prominent in the high-risk group when compared to those of O/PSC patients. Our findings suggest that a decreased number of ciliated cells within women's fallopian tubes represents another histologic hallmark for early serous carcinogenesis. There is a relationship between loss of tubal ciliated cells and aging, the presence of high-risk factors for tubal-ovarian cancer, and co-existing O/PSCs. This represents an initial study identifying the role of tubal ciliated cells in the development of high-grade serous carcinoma in women's pelvis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s HospitalZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wanrun Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
| | - Setsuko K Chambers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of ArizonaTucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Cancer Center, University of ArizonaTucson, AZ, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics and Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
| | - Jayanthi Lea
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
| | - Yiying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s HospitalZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s HospitalZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
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33
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Gong H, Nie D, Li Z. Targeting Six Hallmarks of Cancer in Ovarian Cancer Therapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:853-867. [PMID: 32807056 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620999200816130218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Normal cells must overcome multiple protective mechanisms to develop into cancer cells. Their new capabilities include self-sufficiency in growth signals and insensitivity to antigrowth signals, evasion of apoptosis, a limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis; these are also termed the six hallmarks of cancer. A deep understanding of the genetic and protein alterations involved in these processes has enabled the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and clinical trial design in the search for ovarian cancer treatments. Clinically, significantly longer progression-free survival has been observed in the single use of PARP, MEK, VEGF and Chk1/Chk2 inhibitors. However, the clinical efficacy of the targeted agents is still restricted to specific molecular subtypes and no trials illustrate a benefit in overall survival. Exploring novel drug targets or combining current feasible biological agents hold great promise to further improve outcomes in ovarian cancer. In this review, we intend to provide a comprehensive description of the molecular alterations involved in ovarian cancer carcinogenesis and of emerging biological agents and combined strategies that target aberrant pathways, which might shed light on future ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dan Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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34
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Lv X, He C, Huang C, Hua G, Chen X, Timm BK, Maclin VM, Haggerty AA, Aust SK, Golden DM, Dave BJ, Tseng YA, Chen L, Wang H, Chen P, Klinkebiel DL, Karpf AR, Dong J, Drapkin RI, Rueda BR, Davis JS, Wang C. Reprogramming of Ovarian Granulosa Cells by YAP1 Leads to Development of High-Grade Cancer with Mesenchymal Lineage and Serous Features. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:1281-1296. [PMID: 34888112 PMCID: PMC8654108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the cell-of-origin of ovarian high grade serous cancer (HGSC) is the prerequisite for efficient prevention and early diagnosis of this most lethal gynecological cancer. Recently, a mesenchymal type of ovarian HGSC with the poorest prognosis among ovarian cancers was identified by both TCGA and AOCS studies. The cell-of-origin of this subtype of ovarian cancer is unknown. While pursuing studies to understand the role of the Hippo pathway in ovarian granulosa cell physiology and pathology, we unexpectedly found that the Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), the major effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, induced dedifferentiation and reprogramming of the ovarian granulosa cells, a unique type of ovarian follicular cells with mesenchymal lineage and high plasticity, leading to the development of high grade ovarian cancer with serous features. Our research results unveil a potential cell-of-origin for a subtype of HGSC with mesenchymal features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmin Lv
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Chunbo He
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 47000, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Guohua Hua
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 47000, China
| | - Xingcheng Chen
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Barbara K. Timm
- Heartland Center for Reproductive Medicine, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | | | - Abigail A Haggerty
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Shelly K Aust
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Denae M Golden
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Bhavana J Dave
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Yun-An Tseng
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Peichao Chen
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - David L Klinkebiel
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Adam R Karpf
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jixin Dong
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ronny I Drapkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bo R Rueda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Pramanik S, Yang E, Wu W. Cytologic studies of in vivo fallopian tube specimens in patients undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy. Cytojournal 2020; 17:19. [PMID: 33093855 PMCID: PMC7568227 DOI: 10.25259/cytojournal_7_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Recent research shows that most high grade ovarian cancer (OC) originates from the fallopian tube (FT). Cytologic evaluation of FT cells may enable early detection of OC. Material and Methods: This was a prospective study with patients enrolled from 3 centers (October 2016– August 2017). Forty-two women undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy for a pelvic mass suspicious for malignancy or undergoing risk-reducing surgery for BRCA mutations were included in the study. At the time of scheduled surgery, a novel catheter was used to collect FT cells through hysteroscopy. A pathologist blinded to surgical or pathologic findings evaluated FT cytology, and results were compared to pathology. Results: Of the 61 samples collected, 72% (44/61) met the adequacy criteria (≥5 clusters of cells with 20 cells in each cluster). Cytology classification criteria were established and applied to adequate samples. Forty-four samples were benign with mixed population of cells with round, oval, and spindled nuclei; 2-dimensional clusters; columnar cell configuration; flat sheets; cilia presence; no/mild nuclear pleomorphism; no nuclear membrane irregularities; and no nucleoli. Five samples had benign features with reactive nuclear and cytoplasmic changes and/or background inflammation, which were categorized as “reactive atypia.” Two malignant samples had features of 3-dimensional (3D) clusters, loss of mixed population of cells; increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio; nuclear membrane irregularity and nucleoli presence. Three samples with some but not all of malignant features were categorized as “neoplastic” (anisonucleosis; small nucleoli and features suggestive of 3D clusters). Malignant/ neoplastic samples were labeled as “Positive” (n = 5) while benign/reactive samples were labeled as “Negative” (n = 39). A high concordance rate (95%, 42/44) was observed between cytology results and histology. Conclusions: We characterized cytologic features for pathologically distinct FT samples collected in vivo using a novel catheter and demonstrated its value in detecting OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Pramanik
- Department of Pathology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California
| | - Eric Yang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Wendy Wu
- Department of Pathology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California
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Conditional Probability of Survival and Prognostic Factors in Long-Term Survivors of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082184. [PMID: 32764409 PMCID: PMC7465919 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: High-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) are heterogeneous, often diagnosed at an advanced stage, and associated with poor overall survival (OS, 39% at five years). There are few data about the prognostic factors of late relapses in HGSOC patients who survived ≥five years, long-term survivors (LTS). The aim of our study is to assess the probability of survival according to the already survived time from diagnosis. Methods: Data from HGSOC patients treated between 1995 and 2016 were retrospectively collected to estimate the conditional probability of survival (CPS), probability of surviving Y years after diagnosis when the patient had already survived X years, and to determine the LTS prognostic factors. The primary endpoint was OS. Results: 404 patients were included; 120 of them were LTS. Patients were aged 61 years (range: 20–89), WHO performance status 0–1 in 86.9% and 2 in 13.1%, and Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d’Obstétrique (FIGO) staging III and IV in 82.7% and 17.3% patients. Breast cancer (BRCA) status was available in 116 patients (33% mutated), including 58 LTS (36% mutated). No macroscopic residual disease was observed in 58.4% patients. First-line platinum-based chemotherapy plus paclitaxel was administered in 80.4% of patients (median: six cycles (range: 1–14)). After a 9 point 3-year follow-up, median OS was four years (95% CI: 3.6–4.5). The CPS at five years after surviving one year was 42.8% (95% CI: 35.3–48.3); it increased to 81.7% (95% CI: 75.5–87.8) after four survived years. Progression-free interval>18 months was the only LTS prognostic factor in the multivariable analysis (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.13–0.40; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The CPS provided relevant and encouraging clinical information on the life expectancy of HGSOC patients who already survived a period of time after diagnosis. LTS prognostic factors are useful for clinicians and patients.
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Bansal A, Srinivasan R, Rohilla M, Sundaram A, Rai B, Rajwanshi A, Suri V, Saha SC, Gupta N, Gupta P, Dey P. Morphologic and Immunocytochemical Features of High-Grade Serous Carcinoma of Ovary in Ascitic Fluid Effusion and Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology. Am J Clin Pathol 2020; 154:103-114. [PMID: 32271370 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common ovarian malignancy. The role of cytopathology in obtaining tissue diagnosis before institution of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was evaluated. METHODS All histopathology-proven HGSC specimens between 2015 and 2018 with prior cytopathologic diagnosis by ascitic fluid evaluation or fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of ovarian mass were reviewed with cell block immunocytochemistry for CK7, CK20, PAX8, WT1, and p53. RESULTS Of 288 cases of HGSC, pre-NACT cytology diagnosis was established in 32% (93/288), with specific HGSC diagnoses made on ascitic fluid in 88% (82/93) and by ovarian mass FNA in 12% (11/93). The ascitic fluid showed moderate/high cellularity with papillary clusters in 76% (71/93) cases. Cell block immunocytochemistry showed tumor cells positive for CK7, PAX8, and WT1. p53 showed mutant or null-type positivity in 65% (33/51) and 33% (17/51) of cases, respectively, with 100% concordance with subsequent histopathology specimens. Poor/intermediate response to chemotherapy was shown in 75% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Combined assessment of cytomorphology, cell block histomorphology, and ancillary immunohistochemical testing, including PAX8, WT1, and p53, allows for specific pre-NACT diagnoses of HGSC in ascitic fluid and ovarian FNA cytology. This practice allows for initiation of chemotherapy and diminution of disease burden prior to definitive surgical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Bansal
- Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Manish Rohilla
- Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Bhavana Rai
- Radiotherapy and Oncology, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Vanita Suri
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Subhash C Saha
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nalini Gupta
- Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Pranab Dey
- Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Chandigarh, India
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Muñoz-Galván S, Carnero A. Targeting Cancer Stem Cells to Overcome Therapy Resistance in Ovarian Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061402. [PMID: 32512891 PMCID: PMC7349391 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy due to its late detection and high recurrence rate. Resistance to conventional platinum-based therapies and metastasis are attributed to a population of cells within tumors called cancer stem cells, which possess stem-like features and are able to recapitulate new tumors. Recent studies have deepened the understanding of the biology of ovarian cancer stem cells and their special properties and have identified multiple markers and signaling pathways responsible for their self-renewal abilities. Targeting cancer stem cells represents the most promising strategy for overcoming therapy resistance and reducing mortality in ovarian cancer, but further efforts must be made to improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in therapy resistance. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge about ovarian cancer stem cells, their involvement in metastasis and their interactions with the tumor microenvironment; we also discuss the therapeutic approaches that are being developed to target them to prevent tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Muñoz-Galván
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.-G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +34-955-923-115 (S.M.-G); +34-955-923-110 (A.C.)
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.-G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +34-955-923-115 (S.M.-G); +34-955-923-110 (A.C.)
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Plasticity in Ovarian Cancer: The Molecular Underpinnings and Phenotypic Heterogeneity. J Indian Inst Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-020-00174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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The prevalence of occult ovarian cancer in the series of 155 consequently operated high risk asymptomatic patients - Slovenian population based study. Radiol Oncol 2020; 54:180-186. [PMID: 32463390 PMCID: PMC7276639 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2020-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We assessed the prevalence, localization, type and outcome of occult cancer at risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy or salpingectomy (RRSO) in asymptomatic carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants and high-risk BRCA1/2 negative women. Patients and methods A retrospective analysis of all consecutive gynaecologic preventive surgeries from January 2009 to December 2015 was performed. Participants underwent genetic counselling and BRCA1/2 testing before the procedure. Data on clinical parameters, adjuvant treatment and follow-up were collected and analysed. Results One hundred and fifty-five RRSO were performed in 110 BRCA1, 35 BRCA2 carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and 10 high-risk BRCA1/2 negative women, at the mean age of 48.3 years. Nine occult cancers (9/155, 5.8%) were identified; eight in BRCA1 positive women and one in high-risk BRCA1/2 negative woman. We identified four non-invasive serous intraepithelial tubal carcinomas (3 in BRCA1 carriers and 1 in a high-risk BRCA1/2 negative woman) and five invasive tubo-ovarian high grade serous cancers (all detected in BRCA1 carriers). Only one out of nine patients (11.1%) with occult cancer had a slightly elevated CA-125 value preoperatively. Conclusions A 5.8% prevalence of occult invasive and noninvasive tubo-ovarian serous cancer after RRSO was found in high risk asymptomatic and screen negative women. We conclude that RRSO should be performed in BRCA1/2 carriers and in high-risk BRCA1/2 negative women. Age of preventive gynaecologic surgery should be carefully planned, taking into account the completion of childbearing age and type of mutation. The results favour the tubal hypothesis of tubal origin of high grade serous ovarian and peritoneal cancer. Cytology result of peritoneal cavity washing was important for the decision making process in determining treatment. Cytology examination should be performed in all cases of RRSO. CA-125 assay did not prove to be an effective screening tool for early cancer detection in our patients.
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Sunde J, Wasickanin M, Katz TA, Wickersham EL, Steed DOE, Simper N. Prevalence of endosalpingiosis and other benign gynecologic lesions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232487. [PMID: 32401810 PMCID: PMC7219775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endosalpingiosis, traditionally regarded as an incidental pathological finding, was recently reported to have an association with gynecologic malignancies. To determine the prevalence of endosalpingiosis, we evaluated all benign appearing adnexal lesions using the Sectioning and Extensively Examining-Fimbria (SEE-Fim) protocol, and queried the pathology database for the presence of endosalpingiosis, gynecologic malignancy, endometriosis, Walthard nests, and paratubal cysts. Using the SEE-Fim protocol, the prevalence of endosalpingiosis, endometriosis, Walthard nests, and paratubal cysts were 22%, 45%, 33%, and 42% respectively, substantially higher than previously reported. All lesions were observed to increase with age except endometriosis which increased until menopause then decreased dramatically. Among specimens including ovarian tissue, the prevalence of implantation of at least one lesion type was ubiquitous in patients age 51 and older (93%). The clinical significance of endosalpingiosis should be a continued area of research with larger trials assessing prevalence, factors affecting incidence, and association with malignancy. Our findings contribute to elucidating the origin of ectopic lesions and gynecologic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sunde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Morgan Wasickanin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
| | - Tiffany A. Katz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Emily L. Wickersham
- Department of Pathology Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
| | - D. O. Emilie Steed
- Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Novae Simper
- Department of Pathology Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States of America
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Integrative Transcriptome Analyses of the Human Fallopian Tube: Fimbria and Ampulla-Site of Origin of Serous Carcinoma of the Ovary. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051090. [PMID: 32349388 PMCID: PMC7281286 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer represents a group of heterogeneous diseases with high grade serous cancer (HGSC) representing the most common histotype. Molecular profiles of precancerous lesions found in the fallopian tube have implicated this tissue as the presumptive site of origin of HGSC. Precancerous lesions are primarily found in the distal fallopian tube (fimbria), near the ovary relative to the proximal tissue (ampulla), nearer to the uterus. The proximity of the fimbria to the ovary and the link between ovulation, through follicular fluid release, and ovarian cancer risk led us to examine transcriptional responses of fallopian tube epithelia (FTE) at the different anatomical sites of the human fallopian tube. Gene expression profiles of matched FTE from the fimbria and from premenopausal women resulted in differentially expressed genes (DEGs): CYYR1, SALL1, FOXP2, TAAR1, AKR1C2/C3/C4, NMBR, ME1 and GSTA2. These genes are part of the antioxidant, stem and inflammation pathways. Comparisons between the luteal phase (post-ovulation) to the follicular phase (pre-ovulation) demonstrated greater differences in DEGs than a comparison between fimbria and fallopian tube anatomical differences alone. This data suggests that cyclical transcriptional changes experienced in pre-menopause are inherent physiological triggers that expose the FTE in the fimbria to cytotoxic stressors. These cyclical exposures induce transcriptional changes reflective of genotoxic and cytotoxic damage to the FTE in the fimbria which are closely related to transcriptional and genomic alterations observed in ovarian cancer.
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Lhotova K, Stolarova L, Zemankova P, Vocka M, Janatova M, Borecka M, Cerna M, Jelinkova S, Kral J, Volkova Z, Urbanova M, Kleiblova P, Machackova E, Foretova L, Hazova J, Vasickova P, Lhota F, Koudova M, Cerna L, Tavandzis S, Indrakova J, Hruskova L, Kosarova M, Vrtel R, Stranecky V, Kmoch S, Zikan M, Macurek L, Kleibl Z, Soukupova J. Multigene Panel Germline Testing of 1333 Czech Patients with Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E956. [PMID: 32295079 PMCID: PMC7226062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy with a substantial proportion of hereditary cases and a frequent association with breast cancer (BC). Genetic testing facilitates treatment and preventive strategies reducing OC mortality in mutation carriers. However, the prevalence of germline mutations varies among populations and many rarely mutated OC predisposition genes remain to be identified. We aimed to analyze 219 genes in 1333 Czech OC patients and 2278 population-matched controls using next-generation sequencing. We revealed germline mutations in 18 OC/BC predisposition genes in 32.0% of patients and in 2.5% of controls. Mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2, RAD51C/RAD51D, BARD1, and mismatch repair genes conferred high OC risk (OR > 5). Mutations in BRIP1 and NBN were associated with moderate risk (both OR = 3.5). BRCA1/2 mutations dominated in almost all clinicopathological subgroups including sporadic borderline tumors of ovary (BTO). Analysis of remaining 201 genes revealed somatic mosaics in PPM1D and germline mutations in SHPRH and NAT1 associating with a high/moderate OC risk significantly; however, further studies are warranted to delineate their contribution to OC development in other populations. Our findings demonstrate the high proportion of patients with hereditary OC in Slavic population justifying genetic testing in all patients with OC, including BTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Lhotova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Lenka Stolarova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
| | - Petra Zemankova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Michal Vocka
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Marketa Janatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Marianna Borecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Marta Cerna
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
| | - Sandra Jelinkova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
| | - Jan Kral
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zuzana Volkova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
| | - Marketa Urbanova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Petra Kleiblova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Eva Machackova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.M.); (L.F.); (J.H.); (P.V.)
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.M.); (L.F.); (J.H.); (P.V.)
| | - Jana Hazova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.M.); (L.F.); (J.H.); (P.V.)
| | - Petra Vasickova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.M.); (L.F.); (J.H.); (P.V.)
| | - Filip Lhota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Gennet, 170 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.L.); (M.K.); (L.C.)
| | - Monika Koudova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Gennet, 170 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.L.); (M.K.); (L.C.)
| | - Leona Cerna
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Gennet, 170 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.L.); (M.K.); (L.C.)
| | - Spiros Tavandzis
- Department of Medical Genetics, AGEL Laboratories, AGEL Research and Training Institute, 741 01 Novy Jicin, Czech Republic; (S.T.); (J.I.)
| | - Jana Indrakova
- Department of Medical Genetics, AGEL Laboratories, AGEL Research and Training Institute, 741 01 Novy Jicin, Czech Republic; (S.T.); (J.I.)
| | - Lucie Hruskova
- Department of Medical Genetics, GHC Genetics, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Marcela Kosarova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Pronatal, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Radek Vrtel
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Viktor Stranecky
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Michal Zikan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Na Bulovce and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Libor Macurek
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Zdenek Kleibl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
| | - Jana Soukupova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.L.); (L.S.); (P.Z.); (M.J.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (S.J.); (J.K.); (Z.V.); (Z.K.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.U.); (P.K.)
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Shen G, Gao Q, Liu F, Zhang Y, Dai M, Zhao T, Cheng M, Xu T, Jin P, Yin W, Huang D, Weng H, Chen W, Ren H, Mu X, Wu X, Hu S. The Wnt3a/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signaling axis reduces the sensitivity of HER2-positive epithelial ovarian cancer to trastuzumab. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:685-691. [PMID: 32248976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most common and lethal gynecological cancers. Novel therapeutic agents have been developed for EOC, but patient survival remains poor. Trastuzumab has been approved for breast and gastric cancers with high expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), but it has not achieved any clinical success in EOC. Dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in cancer development, but whether it plays a role in EOC resistance to trastuzumab remains largely unknown. Here, we observed that high expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin and TCF7L2, which can form a signaling axis in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, commonly existed in HER2-positive EOC tissue samples and was correlated with a poor patient prognosis. Cell proliferation and migration assays and nude mouse xenograft model experiments demonstrated that the Wnt3a/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signaling axis promoted tumor cell growth and metastasis and reduced tumor sensitivity to trastuzumab. Analysis of downstream Akt signaling suggested that the function of the Wnt3a/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signaling axis was mediated, at least in part, through increasing Akt phosphorylation. Overall, this study reveals a crucial role for the Wnt3a/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signaling axis in EOC resistance to trastuzumab and the potential application of HER2-targeted drugs combined with inhibitors of this signaling axis for EOC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Fenfen Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Min Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Tingjuan Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Peipei Jin
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Wu Yin
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Dabing Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Haiyan Weng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Huirong Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xuanxuan Mu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xinchun Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shilian Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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Ovarian Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells and Current Treatment Strategies: A Potential Role of Magmas in the Current Treatment Methods. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030719. [PMID: 32183385 PMCID: PMC7140629 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) constitutes 90% of ovarian cancers (OC) and is the eighth most common cause of cancer-related death in women. The cancer histologically and genetically is very complex having a high degree of tumour heterogeneity. The pathogenic variability in OC causes significant impediments in effectively treating patients, resulting in a dismal prognosis. Disease progression is predominantly influenced by the peritoneal tumour microenvironment rather than properties of the tumor and is the major contributor to prognosis. Standard treatment of OC patients consists of debulking surgery, followed by chemotherapy, which in most cases end in recurrent chemoresistant disease. This review discusses the different origins of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the major sub-type of EOC. Tumour heterogeneity, genetic/epigenetic changes, and cancer stem cells (CSC) in facilitating HGSOC progression and their contribution in the circumvention of therapy treatments are included. Several new treatment strategies are discussed including our preliminary proof of concept study describing the role of mitochondria-associated granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling protein (Magmas) in HGSOC and its unique potential role in chemotherapy-resistant disease.
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Mi D, Zhang Y. Prognostic value of serum HE4 in patients with advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 301:779-785. [PMID: 32034508 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the prognostic value of serum HE4 was investigated in patients with advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma. METHODS Serum HE4 and CA125 levels were measured in both patients and controls, and the response of treatment and the detection of recurrence were evaluated by serum HE4 and CA125 levels in the patients. RESULTS The results showed that the levels of serum HE4 and CA125 were significantly higher in advanced patients than those seen in benign disease controls (p < 0.001). Compared with CA125, HE4 had higher specificity, but lower sensitivity. Furthermore, serum HE4 was closely associated with the response of treatment and recurrence, the effective response rate for therapy treatment showed by HE4 was higher than CA125, and a serum HE4 level was correlated with a sensitivity of 82.8% and a specificity of 99%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 97.7%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 77.9% to show the presence of recurrence; the accuracy of HE4 for recurrence prediction after treatment was 88.6%. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that serum HE4 levels are effective for diagnosis, evaluating the response of treatment and predicting recurrence in patients with advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Mi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, No. 156, Nankai Three Road, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yuexiang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, No. 156, Nankai Three Road, Tianjin, China
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Natural history of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma from time effects of ovulation inhibition and progesterone clearance of p53-defective lesions. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:29-37. [PMID: 31558785 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma is the most common and devastating type of ovarian cancer; its etiology, mechanism of malignant transformation, and origin remain controversial. Recent studies have identified secretory cells at the fimbria of the fallopian tube as the cell-of-origin of high-grade serous carcinoma, acquiring TP53 mutation, evolving to tubal precursor lesions, including "p53 signature" and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma, and metastasizing to the ovary as clinically evident ovarian cancer. The etiological mechanisms associated with known epidemiological risk factors, i.e., ovulation and retrograde menstruation, have also been suggested. Mutagens and transforming growth factors, such as reactive oxygen species and insulin-like growth factor axis proteins, as well as the apoptosis-rescuing protein hemoglobin are abundantly present in the ovulatory follicular fluid and peritoneum fluid, which bathes the fimbrial epithelium, and induces malignant transformation after repeated exposure. In accordance with the proposed cleansing effect of progesterone from studies on oral contraceptive use or term pregnancy, a recent study indicated that the p53-null tubal epithelial cells are selectively cleared by progesterone depending on its progesterone receptor. In this report, by analyzing different time effects of oral contraceptive use or pregnancy in the prevention of ovarian cancer and by aligning them with the carcinogenic and cleansing clearance concepts of ovulation and progesterone, as well as the fact of progressive loss of progesterone receptor during tubal transformation, we deduced the natural history of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma. The natural history begins at the first ovulation and spans for more than 30 years, taking 10 years from the normal tubal epithelium to the "p53 signature" status, another 15 years to progesterone receptor negative serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma, and a final 5+ years to high-grade serous carcinoma. The estimated natural history may help understand the pathogenesis of high-grade serous carcinoma and defines the window for early detection and chemoprevention.
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Kenny HA, Lal-Nag M, Shen M, Kara B, Nahotko DA, Wroblewski K, Fazal S, Chen S, Chiang CY, Chen YJ, Brimacombe KR, Marugan J, Ferrer M, Lengyel E. Quantitative High-Throughput Screening Using an Organotypic Model Identifies Compounds that Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 19:52-62. [PMID: 31562255 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a key determinant of metastatic efficiency. We performed a quantitative high-throughput screen (qHTS) of diverse medicinal chemistry tractable scaffolds (44,420 compounds) and pharmacologically active small molecules (386 compounds) using a layered organotypic, robust assay representing the ovarian cancer metastatic TME. This 3D model contains primary human mesothelial cells, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix, to which fluorescently labeled ovarian cancer cells are added. Initially, 100 compounds inhibiting ovarian cancer adhesion/invasion to the 3D model in a dose-dependent manner were identified. Of those, eight compounds were confirmed active in five high-grade serous ovarian cancer cell lines and were further validated in secondary in vitro and in vivo biological assays. Two tyrosine kinase inhibitors, PP-121 and milciclib, and a previously unreported compound, NCGC00117362, were selected because they had potency at 1 μmol/L in vitro Specifically, NCGC00117362 and PP-121 inhibited ovarian cancer adhesion, invasion, and proliferation, whereas milciclib inhibited ovarian cancer invasion and proliferation. Using in situ kinase profiling and immunoblotting, we found that milciclib targeted Cdk2 and Cdk6, and PP-121 targeted mTOR. In vivo, all three compounds prevented ovarian cancer adhesion/invasion and metastasis, prolonged survival, and reduced omental tumor growth in an intervention study. To evaluate the clinical potential of NCGC00117362, structure-activity relationship studies were performed. Four close analogues of NCGC00117362 efficiently inhibited cancer aggressiveness in vitro and metastasis in vivo Collectively, these data show that a complex 3D culture of the TME is effective in qHTS. The three compounds identified have promise as therapeutics for prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A Kenny
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Madhu Lal-Nag
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Min Shen
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Betul Kara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dominik A Nahotko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristen Wroblewski
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarah Fazal
- Cellular Screening Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Siquan Chen
- Cellular Screening Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chun-Yi Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kyle R Brimacombe
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Juan Marugan
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Ernst Lengyel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Gurkan D, Ceren Akin A, Sahin H, Aytac Tohma Y, Sahin EA, Gunakan E, Iflazoglu N, Nihan Haberal A, Ayhan A. Oncologic outcomes in patients undergoing maximal or optimal cytoreductive surgery for Stage 3C serous ovarian, tubal or peritoneal carcinomas. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2019; 40:551-557. [PMID: 31482736 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2019.1634028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with Stage 3C serous ovarian, tubal and peritoneal carcinomas. A retrospective analysis of 111 patients who underwent maximal or optimal cytoreductive surgery was performed. Patients were divided into three groups as ovarian cancer (n = 47), tubal cancer (n = 24) and peritoneal cancer (n = 40). Median follow-up was 30 months. There was no significant difference in DFS and OS among the groups. Complete cytoreduction was an independent prognostic factor for DFS in all groups (HR 2.3, 95% CI 1.14-4.93; p=.020). Positive peritoneal cytology (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.02-4.78; p=.044), and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement (HR 2.3, 95% CI1.11-4.89; p=.025) were independent risk factors for decreased OS, and extended cytoreduction (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.05-6.99; p=.039) were independent risk factors for increased OS. In conclusion, these malignancies should be considered a single entity during treatment.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Epithelial ovarian cancer is the second most common gynaecological cancer in women worldwide. There are different histological types including ovarian, tubal and peritoneal carcinomas in which malignant cells form in the tissue covering the ovary or lining the fallopian tube of peritoneum. Recent data have supported the view that these malignancies should be considered a single entity and should be treated the same way.What the results of this study add? In the present study, we evaluated overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with Stage 3C ovarian, tubal and peritoneal cancer undergoing maximal or optimal cytoreductive surgery. We found similar oncologic outcomes in all patient groups. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare oncologic outcomes of these similar and often confused malignancies in the literature. We, therefore, believe that the present study provides additional information to the body of knowledge on this topic.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study is important, as it indicates similar oncologic outcomes in patients undergoing maximal or optimal cytoreductive surgery for Stage 3C ovarian, tubal and peritoneal cancer. Based on these findings, clinicians should keep in mind that these malignancies should be considered a single clinical entity and be treated the same way. We believe that our study would pave the way for further studies regarding this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Gurkan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Ceren Akin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hanifi Sahin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Malatya Education and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Aytac Tohma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Adeviye Sahin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Malatya Education and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Emre Gunakan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keçiören Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nidal Iflazoglu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Malatya Education and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | | | - Ali Ayhan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
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The management of clinically early ovarian cancer patients who have not undergone staging surgery. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.557818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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