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Nogueira MS, Sanchez SC, Milne CE, Amin W, Thomas SJ, Milne GL. Resolvins D5 and D1 undergo phase II metabolism by uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 174:106870. [PMID: 39038698 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are oxidized lipid mediators that have been shown to resolve inflammation in cellular and animal models as well as humans. SPMs and their biological precursors are even commercially available as dietary supplements. It has been understood for more than forty years that pro-inflammatory oxidized lipid mediators, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are rapidly inactivated via metabolism. Studies on the metabolism of SPMs are, however, limited. Herein, we report that resolvin D5 (RvD5) and resolvin D1 (RvD1), well-studied SPMs, are readily metabolized by human liver microsomes (HLM) to glucuronide conjugated metabolites. We further show that this transformation is catalyzed by specific uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms. Additionally, we demonstrate that RvD5 and RvD1 metabolism by HLM is influenced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which can act as UGT inhibitors through cyclooxygenase-independent mechanisms. The results from these studies highlight the importance of considering metabolism, as well as factors that influence metabolic enzymes, when seeking to quantify SPMs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina S Nogueira
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
| | - Stephanie C Sanchez
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
| | | | - Warda Amin
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
| | - Sarah J Thomas
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
| | - Ginger L Milne
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA.
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Benjamin DJ, Haslam A, Prasad V. Cardiovascular/anti-inflammatory drugs repurposed for treating or preventing cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7049. [PMID: 38491813 PMCID: PMC10943275 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to encouraging pre-clinical data and supportive observational studies, there has been growing interest in applying cardiovascular drugs (including aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, statins, and metformin) approved to treat diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus to the field of oncology. Moreover, given growing costs with cancer care, these medications have offered a potentially more affordable avenue to treat or prevent recurrence of cancer. We sought to investigate the anti-cancer effects of drugs repurposed from cardiology or anti-inflammatories to treat cancer. We specifically evaluated the following drug classes: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, aspirin, metformin, and both angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. We also included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) because they exert a similar mechanism to aspirin by blocking prostaglandins and reducing inflammation that is thought to promote the development of cancer. METHODS We performed a systematic literature review using PubMed and Web of Science with search terms including "aspirin," "NSAID," "statin" (including specific statin drug names), "metformin," "ACE inhibitors," and "ARBs" (including specific anti-hypertensive drug names) in combination with "cancer." Searches were limited to human studies published between 2000 and 2023. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The number and percentage of studies reported positive results and pooled estimates of overall survival, progression-free survival, response, and disease-free survival. RESULTS We reviewed 3094 titles and included 67 randomized clinical trials. The most common drugs that were tested were metformin (n = 21; 30.9%), celecoxib (n = 20; 29.4%), and simvastatin (n = 8; 11.8%). There was only one study that tested cardiac glycosides and none that studied ACE inhibitors. The most common tumor types were non-small-cell lung cancer (n = 19; 27.9%); breast (n = 8; 20.6%), colorectal (n = 7; 10.3%), and hepatocellular (n = 6; 8.8%). Most studies were conducted in a phase II trial (n = 38; 55.9%). Most studies were tested in metastatic cancers (n = 49; 72.1%) and in the first-line setting (n = 36; 521.9%). Four studies (5.9%) were stopped early because of difficulty with accrual. The majority of studies did not demonstrate an improvement in either progression-free survival (86.1% of studies testing progression-free survival) or in overall survival (94.3% of studies testing overall survival). Progression-free survival was improved in five studies (7.4%), and overall survival was improved in three studies (4.4%). Overall survival was significantly worse in two studies (3.8% of studies testing overall survival), and progression-free survival was worse in one study (2.8% of studies testing progression-free survival). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Despite promising pre-clinical and population-based data, cardiovascular drugs and anti-inflammatory medications have overall not demonstrated benefit in the treatment or preventing recurrence of cancer. These findings may help guide future potential clinical trials involving these medications when applied in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alyson Haslam
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Vinay Prasad
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
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Cai J, Yang Y, Zhang J, Bai Z, Zhang X, Li K, Shi M, Liu Z, Gao L, Wang J, Li J. Multilayer nanodrug delivery system with spatiotemporal drug release improves tumor microenvironment for synergistic anticancer therapy. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025012. [PMID: 38277678 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad22ef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The inflammatory response is one of the general symptoms that accompany tumorigenesis, the pro-inflammatory factors cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and COX-2-derived prostaglandin-2 (PGE-2) in the inflammatory environment surrounding tumors possess promoting tumor development, metastasis and angiogenesis effects. In addition, the hypoxic environment of tumors severely limits the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, a universal extracellular-intracellular 'on-demand' release nanomedicine DOX@PDA-ICG@MnO2@GN-CEL was developed for the combined fight against malignant tumors using a spatiotemporal controlled gelatin coated polydopamine (PDA@GN) as the carrier and loaded with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX), the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG), the PDT enhancer MnO2and the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib (CEL) individually. Our results showed that DOX@PDA-ICG@MnO2@GN-CEL could release CEL extracellularly by matrix metalloproteinase-2 response and inhibit the COX-2/PGE-2 pathway, reduce chemotherapy resistance and attenuate the concurrent inflammation. After entering the tumor cells, the remaining DOX@PDA-ICG@MnO2released DOX, ICG and MnO2intracellularly through PDA acid response. MnO2promoted the degradation of endogenous H2O2to generate oxygen under acidic conditions to alleviate the tumor hypoxic environment, enhance PDT triggered by ICG. PDA and ICG exhibited photothermal therapy synergistically, and DOX exerted chemotherapy with reduced chemotherapy resistance. The dual responsive drug release switch enabled the chemotherapeutic, photothermal, photodynamic and anti-inflammatory drugs precisely acted on different sites of tumor tissues and realized a promising multimodal combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Cai
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Yang
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Bai
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Shi
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
- Qinhuangdao Biopha Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
- Qinhuangdao Biopha Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Gao
- The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066000, People's Republic of China
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Guo Y, Jiang Z, Chen Q, Xie D, Zhou Y, Yin W, Wang Z, Wang B, Ren C, Jiang X. Construction and experimental validation of a signature for predicting prognosis and immune infiltration analysis of glioma based on disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1291385. [PMID: 38022537 PMCID: PMC10655028 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1291385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Disulfidptosis, a newly discovered mechanism of programmed cell death, is believed to have a unique role in elucidating cancer progression and guiding cancer therapy strategies. However, no studies have yet explored this mechanism in glioma. Methods We downloaded data on glioma patients from online databases to address this gap. Subsequently, we identified disulfidptosis-related genes from published literature and verified the associated lncRNAs. Results Through univariate, multivariate, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithms analyses, we identified 10 lncRNAs. These were then utilized to construct prognostic prediction models, culminating in a risk-scoring signature. Reliability and validity tests demonstrated that the model effectively discerns glioma patients' prognosis outcomes. We also analyzed the relationship between the risk score and immune characteristics, and identified several drugs that may be effective for high-risk patients. In vitro experiments revealed that LINC02525 could enhances glioma cells' migration and invasion capacities. Additionally, knocking down LINC02525 was observed to promote glioma cell disulfidptosis. Conclusion This study delves into disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs in glioma, offering novel insights into glioma therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhipeng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongcheng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Koliakos E, Chappalley D, Kalogiannis E, Sgardello S, Christodoulou M. Pierre-Marie Bamberger Syndrome Leading to the Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of a Localized Lung Cancer. Cureus 2023; 15:e48991. [PMID: 38111395 PMCID: PMC10726300 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA), manifested with digital clubbing, tubular bone periostosis, and large joint synovial effusions, exists in two forms: primary, which is the rarest form, and secondary. The latter is frequently associated with lung diseases and, in some cases, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is thus expressed in the form of a paraneoplastic syndrome. We report the case of a male smoker who was presented with secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and was subsequently diagnosed with primary adenocarcinoma of the lung. A 63-year-old male with a history of ischemic heart disease and heavy tobacco consumption (60 pack-years) presented with painful osteoarthritis of all four extremities. A chest computed tomography (CT), a positron emission tomography (PET) scan, and a bronchoscopy revealed a 9 cm mass within the right lower lobe without mediastinal adenopathy. Bilateral lower limb X-rays revealed osteoarthropathy of the tibia. A right lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed. Final histopathology analysis reported an advanced mixed pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 6. This report has highlighted the importance of clinical awareness of the association between HOA and carcinoma of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitri Chappalley
- Department of Visceral Surgery, CHUV (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) - Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, CHE
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Bąk U, Krupa A. Challenges and Opportunities for Celecoxib Repurposing. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2329-2345. [PMID: 37552383 PMCID: PMC10661717 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Drug repositioning, also known as drug repurposing, reprofiling, or rediscovery, is considered to be one of the most promising strategies to accelerate the development of new original drug products. Multiple examples of successful rediscovery or therapeutic switching of old molecules that did not show clinical benefits or safety in initial trials encourage the following of the discovery of new therapeutic pathways for them. This review summarizes the efforts that have been made, mostly over the last decade, to identify new therapeutic targets for celecoxib. To achieve this goal, records gathered in MEDLINE PubMed and Scopus databases along with the registry of clinical trials by the US National Library of Medicine at the U.S. National Institutes of Health were explored. Since celecoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that represents the class of selective COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs), its clinical potential in metronomic cancer therapy, the treatment of mental disorders, or infectious diseases has been discussed. In the end, the perspective of a formulator, facing various challenges related to unfavorable physicochemical properties of celecoxib upon the development of new oral dosage forms, long-acting injectables, and topical formulations, including the latest trends in the pharmaceutical technology, such as the application of mesoporous carriers, biodegradable microparticles, lipid-based nanosystems, or spanlastics, was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Bąk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Krupa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Cracow, Poland.
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Mohi-Ud-Din R, Chawla A, Sharma P, Mir PA, Potoo FH, Reiner Ž, Reiner I, Ateşşahin DA, Sharifi-Rad J, Mir RH, Calina D. Repurposing approved non-oncology drugs for cancer therapy: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:345. [PMID: 37710280 PMCID: PMC10500791 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant global health challenge, with predictions of increasing prevalence in the coming years due to limited prevention, late diagnosis, and inadequate success with current therapies. In addition, the high cost of new anti-cancer drugs creates barriers in meeting the medical needs of cancer patients, especially in developing countries. The lengthy and costly process of developing novel drugs further hinders drug discovery and clinical implementation. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in repurposing approved drugs for other diseases to address the urgent need for effective cancer treatments. The aim of this comprehensive review is to provide an overview of the potential of approved non-oncology drugs as therapeutic options for cancer treatment. These drugs come from various chemotherapeutic classes, including antimalarials, antibiotics, antivirals, anti-inflammatory drugs, and antifungals, and have demonstrated significant antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, and antimetastatic properties. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify relevant studies on the repurposing of approved non-oncology drugs for cancer therapy. Various electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched using appropriate keywords. Studies focusing on the therapeutic potential, mechanisms of action, efficacy, and clinical prospects of repurposed drugs in cancer treatment were included in the analysis. The review highlights the promising outcomes of repurposing approved non-oncology drugs for cancer therapy. Drugs belonging to different therapeutic classes have demonstrated notable antitumor effects, including inhibiting cell proliferation, promoting apoptosis, modulating the immune response, and suppressing metastasis. These findings suggest the potential of these repurposed drugs as effective therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment. Repurposing approved non-oncology drugs provides a promising strategy for addressing the urgent need for effective and accessible cancer treatments. The diverse classes of repurposed drugs, with their demonstrated antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, and antimetastatic properties, offer new avenues for cancer therapy. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to explore the full potential of these repurposed drugs and optimize their use in treating various cancer types. Repurposing approved drugs can significantly expedite the process of identifying effective treatments and improve patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohi Mohi-Ud-Din
- Department of General Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India
| | - Apporva Chawla
- Khalsa College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Khalsa College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
| | - Prince Ahad Mir
- Khalsa College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
| | - Faheem Hyder Potoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Reiner
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dilek Arslan Ateşşahin
- Baskil Vocational School, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Fırat University, 23100, Elazıg, Turkey
| | | | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
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8
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Li L, Zhang Y, Qin L. Effect of celecoxib plus standard chemotherapy on cancer prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13973. [PMID: 36807298 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is closely related to cancer prognosis. The effect of celecoxib, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on the prognosis of patients with cancer remains uncertain. To assess the association between celecoxib plus standard chemotherapy and cancer prognosis, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception until July 2022 for randomized controlled trials reporting the prognosis of patients with cancer treated with celecoxib plus standard chemotherapy. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software version 5.4. The following search terms were used in the databases: ((((celecoxib)) AND ((((((((cancer) OR (carcinoma)) OR (sarcoma)) OR (neoplasms)) OR (tumor)) OR (tumour)) OR (tumors)) OR (tumours))) AND ((survival) OR (mortality))) AND (((Clinical Trials, Randomized) OR (Trials, Randomized Clinical)) OR (Controlled Clinical Trials, Randomized)). RESULTS Overall, 13 randomized controlled trials, including 8957 patients with cancer, were included in the analysis. Compared to conventional chemotherapy alone, 1-year OS and 1-year PFS rates were not significantly improved with celecoxib adjuvant therapy (OS: p = .38; PFS: p = .65). In addition, no differences were observed between the celecoxib and placebo groups in 3-year overall (p = .98), 3-year progression-free (p = .40), 5-year overall (p = .59), or 5-year progression-free (p = .56) survival rates. An increase in the risk ratio of leukopenia (p = .02) and thrombocytopenia (p = .05) was also observed, suggesting that celecoxib promotes hematologic toxicity. No increased risk of cardiovascular (p = .96) and gastrointestinal (p = .10-.91) events was observed. CONCLUSIONS The addition of celecoxib to standard chemotherapy did not improve OS or PFS rates of patients with cancer. Additionally, celecoxib can increase hematologic toxicity without increasing the risk of gastrointestinal or cardiovascular reactions. Further randomized controlled trials are necessary to clarify its effects and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingrui Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizheng Qin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mikubo M, Satoh Y, Ono M, Sonoda D, Hayashi S, Naito M, Matsui Y, Shiomi K, Matsuura M, Ito S. Prognostic implications of prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite in resected non-small-cell lung cancer. INTERDISCIPLINARY CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC SURGERY 2023; 36:6978237. [PMID: 36802257 PMCID: PMC9931073 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivac291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is highly involved in the promotion of cancer progression. The end product of this pathway, PGE-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM), is a stable metabolite of PGE2 that can be assessed non-invasively and repeatedly in urine samples. The aim of this study was to assess the dynamic changes in perioperative PGE-MUM levels and their prognostic significance in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Between December 2012 and March 2017, 211 patients who underwent complete resection for NSCLC were analysed prospectively. PGE-MUM levels in 2 spot urine samples taken 1 or 2 days preoperatively and 3-6 weeks postoperatively were measured using a radioimmunoassay kit. RESULTS Elevated preoperative PGE-MUM levels were associated with tumour size, pleural invasion and advanced stage. Multivariable analysis revealed that age, pleural invasion, lymph node metastasis and postoperative PGE-MUM levels were independent prognostic factors. In matched pre- and postoperative urine samples obtained from patients who are eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy, an increase in PGE-MUM levels following resection was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio 3.017, P = 0.005). Adjuvant chemotherapy improved survival in patients with increased PGE-MUM levels after resection (5-year overall survival, 79.0 vs 50.4%, P = 0.027), whereas survival benefit was not observed in those with decreased PGE-MUM levels (5-year overall survival, 82.1 vs 82.3%, P = 0.442). CONCLUSIONS Increased preoperative PGE-MUM levels can reflect tumour progression and postoperative PGE-MUM levels are a promising biomarker for survival after complete resection in patients with NSCLC. Perioperative changes in PGE-MUM levels may aid in determining the optimal eligibility for adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mikubo
- Corresponding author. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan. Tel: +81-42-778-8828; e-mail: (M. Mikubo)
| | - Yukitoshi Satoh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Ono
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Dai Sonoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shoko Hayashi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahito Naito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshio Matsui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazu Shiomi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masaaki Matsuura
- Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Wang J, Xiang C, Cai Y, Mei Z, Lu Q, Liu B, Zou L. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of COX-2 in glioma patients: a meta-analysis. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:1254-1261. [PMID: 36580964 PMCID: PMC9800163 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been identified as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in gliomas. Nevertheless, the clinical and prognostic significance of COX-2 in glioma patients remains controversial. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation of COX-2 with the prognosis in glioma patients. METHODS Eligible studies on this subject were included, and pooled odd ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated. Publication bias was assessed through funnel plots, and heterogeneity and sensitivity were analyzed as well. RESULTS In the present study, 11 articles with a total of 641 patients were included. The high expression of COX-2 in glioma patients was negatively associated with overall survival (OS) (n = 11; HR = 2.26; 95%CI = 1.79-2.86), and the subgroup analysis showed no differences in OS between Asian (n = 5; HR = 2.16; 95%CI = 1.57-2.97) and non-Asian (n = 6; HR = 2.39; 95%CI = 1.69-3.38) glioma patients. The Begg funnel plots test indicated that there was no evident risk of publication bias in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that COX-2 could be recommended as a useful pathological and prognostic biomarker in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- China Three Gorges University, The People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Chenyan Xiang
- China Three Gorges University, The People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Yi Cai
- China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Yichang, Hubei, China.,China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Yichang, China.
| | - Ziyi Mei
- China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Yichang, Hubei, China.,China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Yichang, China.
| | - Qianqian Lu
- China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Yichang, Hubei, China.,China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Yichang, China.
| | - Binbin Liu
- China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Yichang, Hubei, China.,China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Yichang, China.
| | - Lili Zou
- China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Yichang, Hubei, China.,China Three Gorges University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Yichang, China.,Address for correspondence Lili Zou
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11
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Guo Z, Sui J, Li Y, Wei Q, Wei C, Xiu L, Zhu R, Sun Y, Hu J, Li JL. GE11 peptide-decorated acidity-responsive micelles for improved drug delivery and enhanced combination therapy of metastatic breast cancer. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9266-9279. [PMID: 36342458 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01816k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-mediated drug delivery systems suffer from insufficient retention in tumor tissues and unreliable drug release at specific target sites. Herein, we developed an epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted multifunctional micellar nanoplatform (GE11-DOX+CEL-M) by encapsulating celecoxib into polymeric micelles based on the conjugate of GE11-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(trimethylene carbonate) with doxorubicin to suppress tumor growth and metastasis. The polymeric micelles maintained stable nanostructures under physiological conditions but quickly disintegrated in a weakly acidic environment, which is conducive to controlled drug release. Importantly, GE11-DOX+CEL-M micelles effectively delivered the drug combination to tumor sites and enhanced tumor cell uptake through GE11-mediated active tumor targeting. Subsequently, GE11-DOX+CEL-M micelles dissociated in response to intracellular slightly acidic microenvironmental stimuli, resulting in rapid release of celecoxib and doxorubicin to synergistically inhibit the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. Systemic administration of GE11-DOX+CEL-M micelles into mice bearing subcutaneous 4T1 tumor models resulted in higher tumor growth suppression and decreased lung metastasis of tumor cells compared with micelles without GE11 decoration or delivering only doxorubicin. Furthermore, the micelles effectively reduced the systemic toxicity of the chemotherapy drugs. This nanotherapeutic system provides a promising strategy for safe and effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,Center for Molecular Science and Engineering, College of Science, Northeastern University, 3-11 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Junhui Sui
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Qinchuan Wei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Cailing Wei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Linyun Xiu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Ruohua Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Yong Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Jianshe Hu
- Center for Molecular Science and Engineering, College of Science, Northeastern University, 3-11 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Ji-Liang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China. .,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Jinlian Road, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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12
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Zhou H, Gan M, Jin X, Dai M, Wang Y, Lei Y, Lin Z, Ming J. miR‑382 inhibits breast cancer progression and metastasis by affecting the M2 polarization of tumor‑associated macrophages by targeting PGC‑1α. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:126. [PMID: 36069230 PMCID: PMC9477106 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are principal immune cells with a high plasticity in the human body that can differentiate under different conditions in the tumor microenvironment to adopt two polarized phenotypes with opposite functions. Therefore, converting macrophages from the immunosuppressive phenotype (M2) to the inflammatory phenotype (M1) is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this conversion process have not yet been completely elucidated. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have been shown to play key roles in regulating macrophage polarization through their ability to modulate gene expression. In the present study, it was found that miR‑382 expression was significantly downregulated in tumor‑associated macrophages (TAMs) and M2‑polarized macrophages in breast cancer. In vitro, macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype and M2‑type cytokine release were inhibited by transfection with miR‑382‑overexpressing lentivirus. Similarly, the overexpression of miR‑382 inhibited the ability of TAMs to promote the malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells. In addition, peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ coactivator‑1α (PGC‑1α) was identified as the downstream target of miR‑382 and it was found that PGC‑1α affected macrophage polarization by altering the metabolic status. The ectopic expression of PGC‑1α restored the phenotype and cytokine secretion of miR‑382‑overexpressing macrophages. Furthermore, PGC‑1α expression reversed the miR‑382‑induced changes in the metabolic state of TAMs and the effects of TAMs on breast cancer cells. Of note, the in vivo growth and metastasis of 4T1 cells were inhibited by miR‑382‑overexpressing TAMs. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that miR‑382 may alter the metabolic status of macrophages by targeting PGC‑1α, thereby decreasing the proportion of TAMs with the M2 phenotype, and inhibiting the progression and metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Shapingba Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China
| | - Mingyu Gan
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030607, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Fuling Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing 408099, P.R. China
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Youyang Lei
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Zijing Lin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jia Ming
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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13
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Ye SY, Li JY, Li TH, Song YX, Sun JX, Chen XW, Zhao JH, Li Y, Wu ZH, Gao P, Huang XZ. The Efficacy and Safety of Celecoxib in Addition to Standard Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:6137-6153. [PMID: 36135051 PMCID: PMC9497539 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29090482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, in addition to standard anticancer therapy. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy and safety of celecoxib-combined cancer therapy were systematically searched in PubMed and Embase databases. The endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), pathological complete response (pCR), and adverse events (AEs). The results of 30 RCTs containing 9655 patients showed limited benefits in celecoxib-combined cancer therapy. However, celecoxib-combined palliative therapy prolonged PFS in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type patients (HR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.35–0.94). Moreover, despite a slight increase in thrombocytopenia (RR = 1.35, 95%CI = 1.08–1.69), there was no increase in other toxicities. Celecoxib combined with adjuvant therapy indicated a better OS (HR = 0.850, 95%CI = 0.725–0.996). Furthermore, celecoxib plus neoadjuvant therapy improved the ORR in standard cancer therapy, especially neoadjuvant therapy (overall: RR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.03–1.23; neoadjuvant therapy: RR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.09–1.44), but not pCR. Our study indicated that adding celecoxib to palliative therapy prolongs the PFS of EGFR wild-type patients, with good safety profiles. Celecoxib combined with adjuvant therapy prolongs OS, and celecoxib plus neoadjuvant therapy improves the ORR. Thus, celecoxib-combined cancer therapy may be a promising therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Ye
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Teng-Hui Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yong-Xi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jing-Xu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiao-Wan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jun-Hua Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (X.-Z.H.); Tel.: +86-24-83283556 (P.G. & X.-Z.H.)
| | - Xuan-Zhang Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110002, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (X.-Z.H.); Tel.: +86-24-83283556 (P.G. & X.-Z.H.)
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14
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Shah K, Mallik SB, Gupta P, Iyer A. Targeting Tumour-Associated Fibroblasts in Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:908156. [PMID: 35814453 PMCID: PMC9258494 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.908156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours develop within complex tissue environments consisting of aberrant oncogenic cancer cells, diverse innate and adaptive immune cells, along with structural stromal cells, extracellular matrix and vascular networks, and many other cellular and non-cellular soluble constituents. Understanding the heterogeneity and the complex interplay between these cells remains a key barrier in treating tumours and cancers. The immune status of the pre-tumour and tumour milieu can dictate if the tumour microenvironment (TME) supports either a pro-malignancy or an anti-malignancy phenotype. Identification of the factors and cell types that regulate the dysfunction of the TME is crucial in order to understand and modulate the immune status of tumours. Among these cell types, tumour-associated fibroblasts are emerging as a major component of the TME that is often correlated with poor prognosis and therapy resistance, including immunotherapies. Thus, a deeper understanding of the complex roles of tumour-associated fibroblasts in regulating tumour immunity and cancer therapy could provide new insight into targeting the TME in various human cancers. In this review, we summarize recent studies investigating the role of immune and key stromal cells in regulating the immune status of the TME and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting stromal cells, especially tumour-associated fibroblasts, within the TME as an adjuvant therapy to sensitize immunosuppressive tumours and prevent cancer progression, chemo-resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kairav Shah
- Alembic Discovery & Innovation, Alembic Pharmaceuticals, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Praveer Gupta
- Alembic Discovery & Innovation, Alembic Pharmaceuticals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Abishek Iyer
- Alembic Discovery & Innovation, Alembic Pharmaceuticals, Hyderabad, India
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15
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Genova C, Dellepiane C, Carrega P, Sommariva S, Ferlazzo G, Pronzato P, Gangemi R, Filaci G, Coco S, Croce M. Therapeutic Implications of Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Cancer: Focus on Immune Checkpoint Blockade. Front Immunol 2022; 12:799455. [PMID: 35069581 PMCID: PMC8777268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been revolutionized by the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) directed against programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), or cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4). In spite of these improvements, some patients do not achieve any benefit from ICI, and inevitably develop resistance to therapy over time. Tumor microenvironment (TME) might influence response to immunotherapy due to its prominent role in the multiple interactions between neoplastic cells and the immune system. Studies investigating lung cancer from the perspective of TME pointed out a complex scenario where tumor angiogenesis, soluble factors, immune suppressive/regulatory elements and cells composing TME itself participate to tumor growth. In this review, we point out the current state of knowledge involving the relationship between tumor cells and the components of TME in NSCLC as well as their interactions with immunotherapy providing an update on novel predictors of benefit from currently employed ICI or new therapeutic targets of investigational agents. In first place, increasing evidence suggests that TME might represent a promising biomarker of sensitivity to ICI, based on the presence of immune-modulating cells, such as Treg, myeloid derived suppressor cells, and tumor associated macrophages, which are known to induce an immunosuppressive environment, poorly responsive to ICI. Consequently, multiple clinical studies have been designed to influence TME towards a pro-immunogenic state and subsequently improve the activity of ICI. Currently, the mostly employed approach relies on the association of "classic" ICI targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and novel agents directed on molecules, such as LAG-3 and TIM-3. To date, some trials have already shown promising results, while a multitude of prospective studies are ongoing, and their results might significantly influence the future approach to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Genova
- UO Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Dellepiane
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Carrega
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sara Sommariva
- SuPerconducting and Other INnovative Materials and Devices Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-SPIN), Genova, Italy
- Life Science Computational Laboratory (LISCOMP), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Guido Ferlazzo
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Pronzato
- UO Oncologia Medica 2, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gangemi
- UO Bioterapie, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
- UO Bioterapie, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Simona Coco
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Croce
- UO Bioterapie, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
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16
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Graham GG, Scott KF. Limitations of drug concentrations used in cell culture studies for understanding clinical responses of NSAIDs. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1261-1278. [PMID: 34510275 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the in vitro cellular effects of six nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), salicylate, ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, celecoxib and diclofenac, are examined. Inhibition of prostanoid synthesis in vitro generally occurs within the therapeutic range of plasma concentrations that are observed in vivo, consistent with the major action of NSAIDs being inhibition of prostanoid production. An additional probable cellular action of NSAIDs has been discovered recently, viz. decreased oxidation of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and arachidonyl ethanolamide. Many effects of NSAIDs, other than decreased oxidation of arachidonic acid and endocannabinoids, have been put forward but almost all of these additional processes are observed at supratherapeutic concentrations when the concentration of albumin, the major protein that binds NSAIDs, is taken into account. However, one exception is salicylate, a very potent inhibitor of the neutrophilic enzyme, myeloperoxidase, the inhibition of which leads to reduced production of the inflammatory mediator, hypochlorous acid, and inhibition of the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry G Graham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia. .,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Kieran F Scott
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia. .,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia.
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17
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Talib WH, Mahmod AI, Kamal A, Rashid HM, Alashqar AMD, Khater S, Jamal D, Waly M. Ketogenic Diet in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Opportunities. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:558-589. [PMID: 34287243 PMCID: PMC8928964 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer is still one of the most significant global challenges facing public health, the world still lacks complementary approaches that would significantly enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer therapies. One of the essential strategies during cancer treatment is following a healthy diet program. The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently emerged as a metabolic therapy in cancer treatment, targeting cancer cell metabolism rather than a conventional dietary approach. The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat and very-low-carbohydrate with adequate amounts of protein, has shown antitumor effects by reducing energy supplies to cells. This low energy supply inhibits tumor growth, explaining the ketogenic diet's therapeutic mechanisms in cancer treatment. This review highlights the crucial mechanisms that explain the ketogenic diet's potential antitumor effects, which probably produces an unfavorable metabolic environment for cancer cells and can be used as a promising adjuvant in cancer therapy. Studies discussed in this review provide a solid background for researchers and physicians to design new combination therapies based on KD and conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (A.K.); (H.M.R.); (A.M.D.A.); (S.K.); (D.J.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (A.K.); (H.M.R.); (A.M.D.A.); (S.K.); (D.J.)
| | - Ayah Kamal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (A.K.); (H.M.R.); (A.M.D.A.); (S.K.); (D.J.)
| | - Hasan M. Rashid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (A.K.); (H.M.R.); (A.M.D.A.); (S.K.); (D.J.)
| | - Aya M. D. Alashqar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (A.K.); (H.M.R.); (A.M.D.A.); (S.K.); (D.J.)
| | - Samar Khater
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (A.K.); (H.M.R.); (A.M.D.A.); (S.K.); (D.J.)
| | - Duaa Jamal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (A.K.); (H.M.R.); (A.M.D.A.); (S.K.); (D.J.)
| | - Mostafa Waly
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 34-123, Oman;
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Saito S, Ozawa H, Imanishi Y, Sekimizu M, Watanabe Y, Ito F, Ikari Y, Nakahara N, Kameyama K, Ogawa K. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is associated with chemoresistance through cancer stemness property in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:533. [PMID: 34084214 PMCID: PMC8161457 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is one of the two isoforms of COX, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. COX-2 is associated with the progression in various types of cancer, and its expression has been associated with a poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Furthermore, COX-2 expression has been associated with resistance to anticancer drugs. However, the precise mechanism of COX-2 for chemoresistance in HNSCC has not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of COX-2 on cancer stem cell (CSC) property and to reveal its effect on chemoresistance using in vitro and clinicopathological assays in HNSCC cells and tissues. The current study analyzed the immunohistochemical expression levels of COX-2 and clinicopathological factors using matched samples of pretreatment biopsy and surgical specimens from patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent tumor resection with preoperative chemotherapy, including docetaxel. Additionally, the chemoresistance to docetaxel with or without a COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) was examined in HNSCC cell lines by MTS assays. To evaluate the association of COX-2 expression with stemness property, the expression levels of CSC-associated genes after exposure to celecoxib were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. A sphere formation assay was also performed using ultra-low attachment dishes and microscopic imaging. The immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy specimens revealed a negative association between COX-2 expression in biopsy specimens and the pathological effect of induction chemotherapy in surgical specimens. The cell survival rate under exposure to docetaxel was decreased by the addition of celecoxib. COX-2 inhibition led to downregulation of CSC-associated gene expression and sphere formation. The present findings suggested that COX-2 expression may be associated with chemoresistance through the cancer stemness property, and inhibition of COX-2 may enhance chemo-sensitivity in HNSCC. Therefore, COX-2 may be an attractive target for the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Saito
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ozawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yorihisa Imanishi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8582, Japan
| | - Mariko Sekimizu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Watanabe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8582, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ito
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikari
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0013, Japan
| | - Nana Nakahara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama 336-8522, Japan
| | - Kaori Kameyama
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ogawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Vannitamby A, Saad MI, Aloe C, Wang H, Kumar B, Vlahos R, Selemidis S, Irving L, Steinfort D, Jenkins BJ, Bozinovski S. Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 Reduces Proliferation and the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in a Mutant KRAS-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133224. [PMID: 34203378 PMCID: PMC8268479 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) is biosynthesised by leukocytes as a mechanism to resolve inflammation during infection and/or injury. Emerging studies reveal that AT-RvD1 also has anti-cancer properties associated with stimulating macrophage-mediated clearance of tumour debris. No study to date has investigated how AT-RvD1 influences the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in lung cancer, an established marker of poor prognosis. The biosynthesis of AT-RvD1 is dependent on the ALOX5 gene, and we reveal that ALOX5 mRNA expression was markedly reduced in lung adenocarcinoma tumours. We next utilised an oncogenic KrasG12D lung adenocarcinoma mouse model to investigate the efficacy of AT-RvD1 in vivo. We show for the first time that AT-RvD1 reduces tumour growth in the lungs of KrasG12D mice and alters the immune landscape in tumours by reducing the NLR. Abstract Tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) can support tumour growth by suppressing cytotoxic lymphocytes. AT-RvD1 is an eicosanoid that can antagonise neutrophil trafficking instigated by ALX/FPR2 ligands such as serum amyloid A (SAA). We aimed to establish whether SAA and ALOX5 expression associates with TANs and investigate the immunomodulatory actions of AT-RvD1 in vivo. MPO-positive neutrophils were quantified in tumour blocks from lung adenocarcinoma (n = 48) and control tissue (n = 20) by IHC. Tumour expression of SAA and ALOX5 were analysed by RTqPCR and an oncogenic KrasG12D lung adenocarcinoma mouse model was used to investigate the in vivo efficacy of AT-RvD1 treatment. ALOX5 expression was markedly reduced in lung adenocarcinoma tumours. The SAA/ALOX5 ratio strongly correlated with TANs and was significantly increased in tumours harbouring an oncogenic KRAS mutation. AT-RvD1 treatment reduced tumour growth in KrasG12D mice, which was accompanied by suppressed cellular proliferation within parenchymal lesions. In addition, AT-RvD1 significantly reduced the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an established prognostic marker of poor survival in adenocarcinoma. This study identifies a novel molecular signature whereby elevated levels of SAA relative to ALOX5 favour accumulation of TANs. Furthermore, the ALOX5/5-LO enzymatic product, AT-RvD1, markedly reduced the NLR and suppressed tumour growth in KrasG12D mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Vannitamby
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia; (A.V.); (C.A.); (H.W.); (R.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Mohamed I. Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (M.I.S.); (B.J.J.)
- Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Christian Aloe
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia; (A.V.); (C.A.); (H.W.); (R.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia; (A.V.); (C.A.); (H.W.); (R.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Beena Kumar
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Monash Health, Clayton 3168, Australia;
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia; (A.V.); (C.A.); (H.W.); (R.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia; (A.V.); (C.A.); (H.W.); (R.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Louis Irving
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville 3050, Australia; (L.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Daniel Steinfort
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville 3050, Australia; (L.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Brendan J. Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (M.I.S.); (B.J.J.)
- Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia; (A.V.); (C.A.); (H.W.); (R.V.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Prasetya RA, Metselaar-Albers M, Engels F. Concomitant use of analgesics and immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: A pharmacodynamics perspective. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 906:174284. [PMID: 34174268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The invention of immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has become a new standard of care for a defined group of NSCLC patients. However, the possible impacts of ICI interactions with analgesics for alleviating cancer-related pain are unclear and lack clinical evidence. Many studies have indicated that opioids detrimentally affect the immune system, possibly harming patients of ongoing immunotherapy. Opioids may repress the immune system in various ways, including impairing T cell function, upregulating immunosuppressor Treg cells, and interrupting intestinal microflora composition that disrupts the entire immune system. Furthermore, opioids can influence tumor progression and metastasis directly as opioid receptors are overexpressed in several types of NSCLC. In contrast, another analgesic acting on cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition (i.e., NSAIDs) may be a candidate for adjuvant therapy since COX-2 is also expressed in the tumor cells of NSCLC patients. In addition, COX-2 is associated with tumor proliferation and metastasis. Therefore, both prospective and retrospective studies should confirm the advantages and disadvantages of the concurrent use of analgesics and ICIs in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmad Aji Prasetya
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Akademi Farmasi Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Marjolein Metselaar-Albers
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ferdi Engels
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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21
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Zhang Z, Ji J, Liu H. Drug Repurposing in Oncology: Current Evidence and Future Direction. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2175-2194. [PMID: 33109032 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200820124111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug repurposing, the application of known drugs and compounds with a primary non-oncology purpose, might be an attractive strategy to offer more effective treatment options to cancer patients at a low cost and reduced time. METHODS This review described a total of 10 kinds of non-oncological drugs from more than 100 mechanical studies as well as evidence from population-based studies. The future direction of repurposed drug screening is discussed by using patient-derived tumor organoids. RESULTS Many old drugs showed previously unknown effects or off-target effects and can be intelligently applied for cancer chemoprevention and therapy. The identification of repurposed drugs needs to combine evidence from mechanical studies and population-based studies. Due to the heterogeneity of cancer, patient-derived tumor organoids can be used to screen the non-oncological drugs in vitro. CONCLUSION These identified old drugs could be repurposed in oncology and might be added as adjuvants and finally benefit patients with cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguang Ji
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Wang W, Zhong X, Guo J. Role of 2‑series prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:114. [PMID: 33907839 PMCID: PMC8083810 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, metabolic syndromes are emerging as global epidemics, whose incidence are increasing annually. However, the efficacy of therapy does not increase proportionately with the increased morbidity. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are two common metabolic syndromes that are closely associated. The pathogenic mechanisms of T2DM and NAFLD have been studied, and it was revealed that insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation markedly contribute to the development of these two diseases. The 2-series prostaglandins (PGs), a subgroup of eicosanoids, including PGD2, PGE2, PGF2α and PGI2, are converted from arachidonic acid catalyzed by the rate-limiting enzymes cyclooxygenases (COXs). Considering their wide distribution in almost every tissue, 2-series PG pathways exert complex and interlinked effects in mediating pancreatic β-cell function and proliferation, insulin sensitivity, fat accumulation and lipolysis, as well as inflammatory processes. Previous studies have revealed that metabolic disturbances, such as hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, can be improved by treatment with COX inhibitors. At present, an accumulating number of studies have focused on the roles of 2-series PGs and their metabolites in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndromes, particularly T2DM and NAFLD. In the present review, the role of 2-series PGs in the highly intertwined pathogenic mechanisms of T2DM and NAFLD was discussed, and important therapeutic strategies based on targeting 2-series PG pathways in T2DM and NAFLD treatment were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
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23
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Wang Y, Cui L, Georgiev P, Singh L, Zheng Y, Yu Y, Grein J, Zhang C, Muise ES, Sloman DL, Ferguson H, Yu H, Pierre CS, Dakle PJ, Pucci V, Baker J, Loboda A, Linn D, Brynczka C, Wilson D, Haines BB, Long B, Wnek R, Sadekova S, Rosenzweig M, Haidle A, Han Y, Ranganath SH. Combination of EP 4 antagonist MF-766 and anti-PD-1 promotes anti-tumor efficacy by modulating both lymphocytes and myeloid cells. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1896643. [PMID: 33796403 PMCID: PMC7993229 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1896643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), an arachidonic acid pathway metabolite produced by cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/2, has been shown to impair anti-tumor immunity through engagement with one or more E-type prostanoid receptors (EP1-4). Specific targeting of EP receptors, as opposed to COX-1/2 inhibition, has been proposed to achieve preferential antagonism of PGE2–mediated immune suppression. Here we describe the anti-tumor activity of MF-766, a potent and highly selective small-molecule inhibitor of the EP4 receptor. EP4 inhibition by MF-766 synergistically improved the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy in CT26 and EMT6 syngeneic tumor mouse models. Multiparameter flow cytometry analysis revealed that treatment with MF-766 promoted the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells and conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), induced M1-like macrophage reprogramming, and reduced granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In vitro experiments demonstrated that MF-766 restored PGE2-mediated inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production in THP-1 cells and human blood, and PGE2-mediated inhibition of interleukin (IL)-2-induced interferon (IFN)-γ production in human NK cells. MF-766 reversed the inhibition of IFN-γ in CD8+ T-cells by PGE2 and impaired suppression of CD8+ T-cells induced by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC)/PGE2. In translational studies using primary human tumors, MF-766 enhanced anti-CD3-stimulated IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α production in primary histoculture and synergized with pembrolizumab in a PGE2 high TME. Our studies demonstrate that the combination of EP4 blockade with anti-PD-1 therapy enhances antitumor activity by differentially modulating myeloid cell, NK cell, cDC and T-cell infiltration profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Long Cui
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Georgiev
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Latika Singh
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yanyan Zheng
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeff Grein
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chunsheng Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric S Muise
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David L Sloman
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heidi Ferguson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hongshi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cristina St Pierre
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pranal J Dakle
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vincenzo Pucci
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics & Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Baker
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics & Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrey Loboda
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Doug Linn
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher Brynczka
- Dept. Safety and Exploratory Pharmacology, Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Doug Wilson
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian B Haines
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian Long
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard Wnek
- Department of Translational Biomarkers, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Svetlana Sadekova
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Rosenzweig
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Haidle
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yongxin Han
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sheila H Ranganath
- Department of Oncology Early Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Domen A, Quatannens D, Zanivan S, Deben C, Van Audenaerde J, Smits E, Wouters A, Lardon F, Roeyen G, Verhoeven Y, Janssens A, Vandamme T, van Dam P, Peeters M, Prenen H. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as a Common Orchestrator of Therapy Resistance in Lung and Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:987. [PMID: 33673405 PMCID: PMC7956441 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer arises from mutations accruing within cancer cells, but the tumor microenvironment (TME) is believed to be a major, often neglected, factor involved in therapy resistance and disease progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are prominent and key components of the TME in most types of solid tumors. Extensive research over the past decade revealed their ability to modulate cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor mechanics, immunosuppression, and drug access through synthesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix and production of growth factors. Thus, they are considered to impede the response to current clinical cancer therapies. Therefore, targeting CAFs to counteract these protumorigenic effects, and overcome the resistance to current therapeutic options, is an appealing and emerging strategy. In this review, we discuss how CAFs affect prognosis and response to clinical therapy and provide an overview of novel therapies involving CAF-targeting agents in lung and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Domen
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Delphine Quatannens
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Glasgow G611BD, UK;
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G611QH, UK
| | - Christophe Deben
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Jonas Van Audenaerde
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
| | - An Wouters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Filip Lardon
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Geert Roeyen
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
- Department of Hepatobiliary Transplantation and Endocrine Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Yannick Verhoeven
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Annelies Janssens
- Department of Pulmonology & Thoracic Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium;
| | - Timon Vandamme
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Peter van Dam
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Hans Prenen
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.D.); (D.Q.); (C.D.); (J.V.A.); (E.S.); (A.W.); (F.L.); (G.R.); (Y.V.); (T.V.); (P.v.D.); (M.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
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Pu D, Yin L, Huang L, Qin C, Zhou Y, Wu Q, Li Y, Zhou Q, Li L. Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor: A Potential Combination Strategy With Immunotherapy in Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637504. [PMID: 33718229 PMCID: PMC7952860 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of immunotherapy is the milestone of cancer treatment. However, some patients have bad reaction. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is frequently expressed in multiple cancer cells and is associated with poor prognosis. It is the key enzyme of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) that has been proved to promote the development, proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. Recent studies further find the PGE2 in tumor microenvironment (TME) actively triggers tumor immune evasion via many ways, leading to poor response of immunotherapy. COX-2 inhibitor is suggested to restrain the immunosuppression of PGE2 and may enhance or reverse the response of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This review provides insight into the mechanism of COX-2/PGE2 signal in immunosuppressive TME and summarizes the clinical application and trials in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pu
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Yin
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changlong Qin
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwen Zhou
- Oncology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Xu YQ, Long X, Han M, Huang MQ, Lu JF, Sun XD, Han W. Clinical benefit of COX-2 inhibitors in the adjuvant chemotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:581-601. [PMID: 33553396 PMCID: PMC7829738 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i3.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a major cause of death among patients, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 80% of all lung cancers in many countries.
AIM To evaluate the clinical benefit (CB) of COX-2 inhibitors in patients with advanced NSCLC using systematic review.
METHODS We searched the six electronic databases up until December 9, 2019 for studies that examined the efficacy and safety of the addition of COX-2 inhibitors to chemotherapy for NSCLC. Overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), 1-year survival rate (SR), overall response rate (ORR), CB, complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and toxicities were measured with more than one outcome as their endpoints. Fixed and random effects models were used to calculate risk estimates in a meta-analysis. Potential publication bias was calculated using Egger’s linear regression test. Data analysis was performed using R software.
RESULTS The COX-2 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy were not found to be more effective than chemotherapy alone in OS, progression free survival, 1-year SR, CB, CR, and SD. However, there was a difference in overall response rate for patients with advanced NSCLC. In a subgroup analysis, significantly increased ORR results were found for celecoxib, rofecoxib, first-line treatment, and PR. For adverse events, the increase in COX-2 inhibitor was positively correlated with the increase in grade 3 and 4 toxicity of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and cardiovascular events.
CONCLUSION COX-2 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy increased the total effective rate of advanced NSCLC with the possible increased risk of blood toxicity and cardiovascular events and had no effect on survival index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiong Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiang Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Fa Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xue-Dong Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
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Le-Rademacher J, Lopez C, Wolfe E, Foster NR, Mandrekar SJ, Wang X, Kumar R, Adjei A, Jatoi A. Weight loss over time and survival: a landmark analysis of 1000+ prospectively treated and monitored lung cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:1501-1508. [PMID: 32940014 PMCID: PMC7749536 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eligibility criteria and endpoints for cancer cachexia trials-and whether weight loss should be included-remain controversial. Although most cachexia trials enrol patients after initial cancer diagnosis, few studies have addressed whether weight loss well after a cancer diagnosis is prognostic. METHODS We pooled data from non-small cell lung cancer patients from prospectively conducted trials within the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (1998-2008), a nationally funded infrastructure. We examined (i) weight data availability and weight changes and (ii) survival. RESULTS A total of 822 patients were examined. Of these, 659 (80%) were on treatment at the beginning of Cycle 2 of chemotherapy; weight was available for 656 (80%). By Cycles 3 and 4, weight was available for 448 (55%) and 384 (47%), respectively. From baseline to immediately prior to Cycle 2, 208 (32%) gained weight; 225 (34%) lost <2% of baseline weight; and 223 (34% of 656) lost 2% or more. Median survival from the beginning of Cycle 2 was 13.0, 10.9, and 6.9 months for patients with weight gain, weight loss of <2%, and weight loss of 2% or more, respectively. In multivariate analyses, adjusted for age, sex, performance score, type of treatment, and body mass index, weight loss of 2% or more was associated with poor overall survival compared with weight gain [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-2.07; P < 0.001] and compared with weight loss of <2% (HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.27-1.95; P < 0.001). Although weight loss of <2% was not associated with poorer overall survival compared with weight gain, it was associated with poorer progression-free survival (HR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.01-1.51; P = 0.036). Similar findings were observed in a separate 255-patient validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Weight should be integrated into cancer cachexia trials because of its ease of frequent measurement and sustained prognostic association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camden Lopez
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric Wolfe
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nathan R Foster
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Division of Nephrology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alex Adjei
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aminah Jatoi
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Recent Advances and Challenges in Controlling the Spatiotemporal Release of Combinatorial Anticancer Drugs from Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121156. [PMID: 33261219 PMCID: PMC7759840 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To overcome cancer, various chemotherapeutic studies are in progress; among these, studies on nano-formulated combinatorial drugs (NFCDs) are being actively pursued. NFCDs function via a fusion technology that includes a drug delivery system using nanoparticles as a carrier and a combinatorial drug therapy using two or more drugs. It not only includes the advantages of these two technologies, such as ensuring stability of drugs, selectively transporting drugs to cancer cells, and synergistic effects of two or more drugs, but also has the additional benefit of enabling the spatiotemporal and controlled release of drugs. This spatial and temporal drug release from NFCDs depends on the application of nanotechnology and the composition of the combination drug. In this review, recent advances and challenges in the control of spatiotemporal drug release from NFCDs are provided. To this end, the types of combinatorial drug release for various NFCDs are classified in terms of time and space, and the detailed programming techniques used for this are described. In addition, the advantages of the time and space differences in drug release in terms of anticancer efficacy are introduced in depth.
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Wang SJ, Khullar K, Kim S, Yegya-Raman N, Malhotra J, Groisberg R, Crayton SH, Silk AW, Nosher JL, Gentile MA, Mehnert JM, Jabbour SK. Effect of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor use during checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in patients with metastatic melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:jitc-2020-000889. [PMID: 33020239 PMCID: PMC7537331 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve survival outcomes in metastatic melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Preclinical evidence suggests that overexpression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2) in tumors facilitates immune evasion through prostaglandin E2 production and that COX inhibition synergizes with ICIs to promote antitumor T-cell activation. This study investigates whether concurrent COX inhibitor (COXi) use during ICI treatment compared with ICI alone is associated with improved time-to-progression (TTP), objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic melanoma and NSCLC. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 90 metastatic melanoma and 37 metastatic NSCLC patients, treated with ICI between 2011 and 2019. Differences in TTP and OS by ICI+COXi versus ICI alone were compared using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression. Interaction between ICI+COXi versus ICI alone and pretreatment neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was examined. Independent radiology review per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 was performed. Results For patients with melanoma, median TTP was significantly prolonged in ICI+COXi versus ICI alone (245 vs 100.5 days, p=0.002). On multivariate analysis, ICI+COXi associated with increased TTP (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.66, p=0.001), adjusted for age, pretreatment NLR, and gender. For NSCLC patients, ICI+COXi also associated with increased TTP compared with ICI alone on multivariate analysis (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.97; p=0.042) adjusted for age. ORR at 6 months was significantly higher in patients who received ICI+COXi compared with ICI alone in both melanoma (58.6% vs 19.2%, p=0.0005) and NSCLC (73.7% vs 33.3%, p=0.036) cohorts. In the melanoma cohort, high pretreatment NLR (>5) associated with decreased TTP (HR 3.21, 95% CI 1.64 to 6.3; p=0.0007); however, ICI+COXi significantly associated with increased TTP in high NLR (>5) patients (HR 0.08, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.25), but not in low NLR (≤5) patients (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.32 to 1.32). Similar outcomes were found in an adjusted melanoma cohort after RECIST review. Conclusions Our study suggests that COXi use concurrently with ICI significantly associated with longer TTP and improved ORR at 6 months in patients with metastatic melanoma and NSCLC compared with ICI alone. Furthermore, COXi use appears to reverse the negative prognostic effect of a high NLR by prolonging TTP in patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jui Wang
- Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Karishma Khullar
- Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sinae Kim
- Biometrics Division, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nikhil Yegya-Raman
- Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jyoti Malhotra
- Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Roman Groisberg
- Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Samuel H Crayton
- Radiology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ann W Silk
- Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John L Nosher
- Radiology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Janice M Mehnert
- Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Medical Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Salma K Jabbour
- Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Zhou J, Zhang A, Fan L. HSPA12B Secreted by Tumor-Associated Endothelial Cells Might Induce M2 Polarization of Macrophages via Activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9103-9111. [PMID: 32982299 PMCID: PMC7494226 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s254985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The intratumoral microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is highly immunosuppressive. In this study, we explored the potential functional role of HSPA12B secreted by tumor-associated endothelial cells (TECs) in M2 polarization of macrophages. Materials and Methods Bulk-seq data from TCGA-HNSC and single-cell RNA-seq data from GSE103322 (with over 5000 cells from 18 primary HNSC cases) were used for bioinformatic analysis. RAW264.7 cell line was used for in vitro studies. Results TECs in HNSC had significantly higher expression and secretion of HSPA12B, compared to normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Exogenous HSPA12B treatment increased the expression of M2 macrophage marker CD163 and CD206 on RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner but had no significant influence on CD86, an M1 macrophage marker. OLR1, a known receptor of HSP70 proteins, was specifically expressed in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in HNSC. OLR1 knockdown significantly impaired HSPA12B uptake by RAW264.7 cells and weakened HSPA12B-induced CD163 and CD206 upregulation. HSPA12B treatment increased the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR in a dose-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells. OLR1 inhibition and LY294002 treatment significantly weakened the effects HSPA12B on activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and M2 marker expression. Conclusion Based on these findings, we speculated that aberrantly expressed and secreted HSPA12B by TECs could be taken by macrophages partly via OLR1, leading to subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and elevated expression of M2 markers. This mechanism shows a novel cross-talk between TECs and TAMs, which contributes to the intratumoral immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jingmen No. 1 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jingmen No. 1 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jingmen No. 1 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
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Yang J, Wang X, Gao Y, Fang C, Ye F, Huang B, Li L. Inhibition of PI3K-AKT Signaling Blocks PGE 2-Induced COX-2 Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8197-8208. [PMID: 32904445 PMCID: PMC7455753 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s263977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its enzymatic product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) possess tumor-promoting activity, and COX-2 is considered as a candidate for targeted cancer therapy. However, several randomized clinical trials using COX-2 inhibitors to treat advanced lung cancer have failed to improve survival indices. To employ a more effective therapeutic strategy to inhibit the COX-2-PGE2 axis in tumors, it is necessary to revisit the mechanism underlying the protumor effect of COX-2-PGE2. Patients and Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to predict the expression and prognostic value of COX-2 in lung adenocarcinoma samples. The mRNAs or proteins expression of COX-2, pAKT1/2/3, pErk1/2 and pCREB were detected after different treatments by qPCR or Western blot. The impacts of PGE2 and some inhibitors on cell proliferation and migration ability were verified by CCK-8 and transwell assays, respectively. Results In this study, we first confirmed that COX-2 expression in tumor specimens is associated with the pathological stage of the disease. Next, using lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, we found that exogenous PGE2 induces the expression of COX-2 at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, downregulation of COX-2 expression restrained PGE2-induced cancer cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistic analysis revealed that PGE2 stimulation activates the PKA-CREB and PI3K-AKT pathways. Downregulation of CREB expression abrogated PGE2-induced COX-2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of PI3K-AKT signaling suppressed the activation of CREB and PGE2-induced COX-2 expression. Specific inhibitors for PI3K and AKT suppressed COX-2 mRNA expression in ex vivo cultures of tumor specimens with PGE2. Conclusion Simultaneous targeting of COX-2 and PI3K-AKT effectively suppressed PGE2-induced cell proliferation and migration and both acted in a synergistic manner. Targeting the COX-2-PGE2 positive feedback loop may be therapeutically beneficial to lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Yang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gao
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Fang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Ye
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Huang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lequn Li
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Wu Y, Wang X, Lin J, Jia B, Owzar K. Predictive accuracy of markers or risk scores for interval censored survival data. Stat Med 2020; 39:2437-2446. [PMID: 32293745 DOI: 10.1002/sim.8547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Methods for the evaluation of the predictive accuracy of biomarkers with respect to survival outcomes subject to right censoring have been discussed extensively in the literature. In cancer and other diseases, survival outcomes are commonly subject to interval censoring by design or due to the follow up schema. In this article, we present an estimator for the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for interval censored data based on a nonparametric sieve maximum likelihood approach. We establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and illustrate its finite-sample properties using a simulation study. The application of our method is illustrated using data from a cancer clinical study. An open-source R package to implement the proposed method is available on Comprehensive R Archive Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jiaxing Lin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Beilin Jia
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Zhang HM, Li H, Wang GX, Wang J, Xiang Y, Huang Y, Shen C, Dai ZT, Li JP, Zhang TC, Liao XH. MKL1/miR-5100/CAAP1 loop regulates autophagy and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Neoplasia 2020; 22:220-230. [PMID: 32315812 PMCID: PMC7167518 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE miR-5100 participates in the proliferation of lung cancer and pancreatic cancer cells, and participates in the differentiation of osteoblasts. However, the regulation of gastric cancer cells in gastric cancer cells remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The blood of patients was collected to detect the expression level of miR-5100, and the apoptosis and autophagy levels of cells were detected using western blot, flow cytometry, and confocal. At the same time, in vitro tumor formation experiments in nude mice were used to verify the results of in vitro experiments. RESULTS The expression of miR-5100 is related to the prognosis of gastric cancer, miR-5100 can enhance the apoptosis level of gastric cancer cells and inhibit the occurrence of autophagy by targeting CAAP1. MKL1 can inhibit the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells and promote the occurrence of autophagy by targeting CAAP1. At the same time, MKL1 can also increase the expression of miR-5100. CONCLUSIONS Our research reveals the mechanism by which the MKL1/miR-5100/CAAP1 loop regulates apoptosis and autophagy levels in gastric cancer cells, and miR-5100 is expected to become a new potential target for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Gen-Xin Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Yuan Xiang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - You Huang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Chao Shen
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Zhou-Tong Dai
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Jia-Peng Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China.
| | - Xing-Hua Liao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China.
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Tołoczko-Iwaniuk N, Dziemiańczyk-Pakieła D, Nowaszewska BK, Celińska-Janowicz K, Miltyk W. Celecoxib in Cancer Therapy and Prevention - Review. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:302-315. [PMID: 30073924 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180803121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is generally accepted that inflammatory cells found in the tumor microenvironment are involved in the neoplastic process, promoting cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Therefore, administering anti-inflammatory medication in cancer therapy seems to be justified. A potential pathway associated with the aforementioned issue is cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition, particularly as the overexpression of this enzyme has been proven to occur in cancer tissues and is also associated with a poor prognosis in several types of human malignancies. Celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, has been utilized for over 20 years, particularly as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic medication. However, to date, its antineoplastic properties have not been sufficiently investigated. In recent years, the number of research studies on the antineoplastic effects of celecoxib has increased considerably. The vast majority of publications refers to preclinical studies attempting to elucidate its mechanisms of action. Clinical trials concerning celecoxib have focused primarily on the treatment of cancers of the colon, breast, lung, prostate, stomach, head and neck, as well as premalignant lesions such as familial adenoma polyposis. In this review article authors attempt to summarise the latest research which has elucidated celecoxib use in the treatment and prevention of cancer. CONCLUSION Both preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated promising results of the role of celecoxib in the treatment and prevention of cancer - the best outcome was observed in colon, breast, prostate and head and neck cancers. However, more clinical trials providing real evidence-based clinical advances of celecoxib use are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tołoczko-Iwaniuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dorota Dziemiańczyk-Pakieła
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-404 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Beata Klaudia Nowaszewska
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-404 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Celińska-Janowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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Park SY, Nam JS. The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:569-581. [PMID: 32300189 PMCID: PMC7210927 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent cancer that spreads to distant sites is the leading cause of disease-related death among cancer patients. Cancer cells are likely to disseminate during cancer progression, and some may enter dormancy, remaining viable but not increasing. These dormant cancer cells (DCCs) are rarely detectable with current diagnostic systems. Moreover, they can interpret homoeostatic signals from the microenvironment, thereby evading immune surveillance and chemotherapy. Eventually, DCCs can reawaken in response to signals, which are not yet fully understood, resulting in recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, understanding the biology of DCC reawakening is key to preventing metastasis. Over the last decade, a growing body of literature has revealed the mechanisms involved in cancer dormancy and reawakening. The cytotoxic activity of immune cells can cause cancer cells to enter a dormant state, and chronic inflammation can reactivate cancer proliferation at distant sites. Upon the binding of circulating DCCs to extracellular molecules, various signaling cascades are activated and reinitiate cell proliferation. In the present review, we attempt to consolidate the existing literature to provide a framework for the understanding of this crucial step in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Yeon Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Nam
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Hu Z, Hu Y, Jiang H. Overexpression of COX-2 and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:2200-2209. [PMID: 35117580 PMCID: PMC8798741 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2020.03.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background To evaluate the correlation between COX-2 overexpression and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer, thus providing theoretical basis for anti-COX-2 targeted therapy. Methods The literature about COX-2 expression and gastric cancer was searched in PubMed, Wangfang, VIP, CNKI from the inception to September 2019, with “gastric cancer”, “COX-2”, “cyclooxygenase” as keywords. Stata 15.0 was used to analyze. Age, gender, differentiation, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, TNM staging were analyzed by OR (95% CI). Results Nine studies involving 1,289 patients with gastric cancer were identified, among which 878 cases existed COX-2 overexpression. COX-2 overexpression was related to the infiltration depth (OR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.01–1.306; P<0.01) and lymph node metastasis (OR=3.08; 95% CI: 1.64–5.79; P<0.01). While, it was not related to age, gender, differentiation and tumor size. Conclusions COX-2 overexpression is valuable in predicting infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis, and could be a predictor of poor prognosis in gastric cancer. COX-2-targeted therapy can be considered as one of the comprehensive treatments for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Yangzhi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Nichetti F, Ligorio F, Zattarin E, Signorelli D, Prelaj A, Proto C, Galli G, Marra A, Apollonio G, Porcu L, de Braud F, Lo Russo G, Ferrara R, Garassino MC. Is There an Interplay between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Thromboprophylactic Treatments and Thromboembolic Events? Mechanisms and Impact in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010067. [PMID: 31881699 PMCID: PMC7016680 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PD-1 pathway blockade has been shown to promote proatherogenic T-cell responses and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Moreover, preclinical evidence suggests a potential synergy of antiplatelet drugs with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We conducted an analysis within a prospective observational protocol (APOLLO study) to investigate the rates, predictors, and prognostic significance of thromboembolic events (TE) and thromboprophylaxis in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs. Among 217 patients treated between April 2014 and September 2018, 13.8% developed TE events. Current smoking status (HR 3.61 (95% CI 1.52–8.60), p = 0.004) and high (>50%) PD-L1 (HR 2.55 (95% CI 1.05–6.19), p = 0.038) resulted in being independent TE predictors. An increased risk of death following a diagnosis of TE (HR 2.93; 95% CI 1.59–5.42; p = 0.0006) was observed. Patients receiving antiplatelet treatment experienced longer progression-free survival (PFS) (6.4 vs. 3.4 months, HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.48–0.92), p = 0.015) and a trend toward better OS (11.2 vs. 9.6 months, HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.55–1.09), p = 0.14), which were not confirmed in a multivariate model. No impact of anticoagulant treatment on patients’ outcomes was observed. NSCLC patients treated with ICIs bear a consistent risk for thrombotic complications, with a detrimental effect on survival. The impact of antiplatelet drugs on ICIs efficacy deserves further investigation in prospective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Nichetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-022-390-3066
| | - Francesca Ligorio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Emma Zattarin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Diego Signorelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Arsela Prelaj
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Claudia Proto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Giulia Galli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Antonio Marra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giulia Apollonio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Luca Porcu
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, 20156 Milan, Italy;
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lo Russo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Roberto Ferrara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Marina Chiara Garassino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (E.Z.); (D.S.); (A.P.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (F.d.B.); (G.L.R.); (R.F.); (M.C.G.)
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Bi N, Liang J, Zhou Z, Chen D, Fu Z, Yang X, Feng Q, Hui Z, Xiao Z, Lv J, Wang X, Zhang T, Wang X, Deng L, Wang W, Wang J, Liu L, Hu C, Wang L. Effect of Concurrent Chemoradiation With Celecoxib vs Concurrent Chemoradiation Alone on Survival Among Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With and Without Cyclooxygenase 2 Genetic Variants: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e1918070. [PMID: 31851351 PMCID: PMC6991217 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging. The rationale of combining a cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) was based on results of preclinical research and prospective clinical studies; however, no randomized clinical trial has provided evidence of a direct comparison with CCRT alone. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of combined selective COX-2 inhibition with standard CCRT on survival among patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A single-center, open-label, randomized phase 2 clinical trial was performed among 96 patients who had histologically and cytologically confirmed unresectable stage III NSCLC. Participants were enrolled from November 2011 to August 2015. Data were analyzed from February to October 2018. INTERVENTION Patients were randomized to receive thoracic radiation, 60 Gy, for 6 weeks concurrent with etoposide and cisplatin or the same regimen of CCRT combined with 200 mg of celecoxib, taken twice daily. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was overall survival. The secondary end points were the proportion of patients with treatment-related toxic effects, progression-free survival, and overall survival in subgroups with and without the COX-2 genotype. RESULTS A total of 100 patients were randomized. Following the exclusion of 4 outliers, 96 participants (96.0%) were analyzed (51 randomized to CCRT alone and 45 randomized to CCRT with celecoxib; mean [SD] age, 60.0 [8.3] years; 73.0 [76.0%] male). The median overall survival time was 32.8 (95% CI, 17.0-48.5) months in the group that received CCRT with celecoxib and 35.5 (95% CI, 25.8-45.2) months in the group that received CCRT alone (P = .88). Celecoxib with CCRT was well tolerated; the incidence of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis was 6.6% (95% CI, 1.4%-18.0%) in the group that received CCRT with celecoxib and 11.8% (95% CI, 4.4%-23.9%) in the group that received CCRT alone (P = .49). Among patients with the high-risk genotype, celecoxib plus CCRT was not associated with higher progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.13-1.04; P = .05) or overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.15-1.72; P = .26) compared with CCRT alone. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In unresectable stage III NSCLC, adding celecoxib to concurrent chemoradiation did not improve survival. A smaller, not statistically significant proportion of patients in the CCRT with celecoxib group compared with the CCRT alone group developed symptomatic radiation pneumonitis. Among patients with the high-risk genotype, adding celecoxib to CCRT did not improve overall or progression-free survival. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01503385.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Bi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongmei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfu Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixue Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - QinFu Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouguang Hui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zefen Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jima Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lipin Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Luhua Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Tumour cell-derived debris and IgG synergistically promote metastasis of pancreatic cancer by inducing inflammation via tumour-associated macrophages. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:786-795. [PMID: 31588122 PMCID: PMC6889176 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The progression and metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly dependent on the tumour microenvironment. Most tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are M2 phenotype macrophages, which normally show anti-inflammatory functions in numerous disorders. Previously, we found that alternatively activated macrophages showed pro-inflammatory characteristics upon stimulation with hepatoma cell-derived debris; however, the molecular mechanism was unclear. Methods In vitro and in vivo experiments were employed to investigate the molecular mechanism. Using pancreatic cancer cell lines, mouse models and human tissues, we obtained a general picture of tumour cell-derived debris promoting metastasis of pancreatic cancer by inducing inflammation via TAMs. Results We showed that M2 macrophage-derived inflammation also exists in PDAC. Debris from PDAC cells induced potent IL-1β release by M2 macrophages via TLR4/TRIF/NF-κB signalling, and this effect was further boosted by IgG that was also derived from PDAC cells. Increased IL-1β promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transition and consequent metastasis of PDAC cells. A selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, enhanced the anti-tumoural efficacy of gemcitabine. Conclusions These data revealed a pro-inflammatory mechanism in PDAC, which indicated that IL-1β and COX-2 could be therapeutic targets of an anti-inflammatory strategy to treat PDAC.
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Huang J, Xu Y, Xiao H, Xiao Z, Guo Y, Cheng D, Shuai X. Core-Shell Distinct Nanodrug Showing On-Demand Sequential Drug Release To Act on Multiple Cell Types for Synergistic Anticancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2019; 13:7036-7049. [PMID: 31141661 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Among various inflammatory factors/mediators, autocrine and paracrine prostaglandin 2 (PGE2), which are abundant in various tumors, promote the proliferation and chemoresistance of cancer cells. Thus, eliminating the cytoprotective effect of PGE2 may strengthen the antitumor effect of chemotherapy. Chemo/anti-inflammatory combination therapy requires the programmed activities of two different kinds of drugs that critically depend on their spatiotemporal manipulation inside the tumor. Here, a micellar polymeric nanosphere, encapsulating chemotherapeutic paclitaxel (PTX) in the core and conjugating anti-inflammatory celecoxib (CXB) to the shell through a peptide linker (PLGLAG), was developed. The PLGLAG linker was cleavable by the enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the tumor tissue, causing CXB release and turning the negatively charged nanosphere into a positively charged one to facilitate PTX delivery into cancer cells. The released CXB not only acted on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory PGE2 in multiple cell types but also suppressed the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy, thus resulting in a synergistic anticancer effect of PTX and CXB. This study represents an example of using a surface charge-switchable nanosphere with on-demand drug release properties to act on multiple cell types for highly effective chemo/anti-inflammatory combination therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Huang
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Yongmin Xu
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Hong Xiao
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Zecong Xiao
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of General Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Du Cheng
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
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Terzuoli E, Costanza F, Ciccone V, Ziche M, Morbidelli L, Donnini S. mPGES-1 as a new target to overcome acquired resistance to gefitinib in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 143:106344. [PMID: 31207300 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) as gefitinib are standard treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but resistance often occurs. This study demonstrates that NSCLC cells resistant to gefitinib (GR cells) displayed a significantly higher microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) expression and activity than parental cells. Overexpression of mPGES-1/prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2) signaling in GR cells was associated with acquisition of mesenchymal and stem-like cell properties, nuclear EGFR translocation and tolerance to cisplatin. mPGES-1 inhibition reduced mesenchymal and stem-like properties, and nuclear EGFR translocation in GR cells. Consistently, inhibition of mPGES-1 activity enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin and responsiveness to gefitinib in GR cells. We propose the mPGES-1/PGE-2 signaling as a potential target for treating aggressive and resistant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Terzuoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Filomena Costanza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Valerio Ciccone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Marina Ziche
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Lucia Morbidelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
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Kawamoto H, Hara H, Araya J, Ichikawa A, Fujita Y, Utsumi H, Hashimoto M, Wakui H, Minagawa S, Numata T, Arihiro S, Matsuura T, Fujiwara M, Ito S, Kuwano K. Prostaglandin E-Major Urinary Metabolite (PGE-MUM) as a Tumor Marker for Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060768. [PMID: 31163629 PMCID: PMC6627988 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is metabolized to prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM). Enhanced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression demonstrated in lung adenocarcinoma indicates increased PGE-MUM levels in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Objectives: We aimed to elucidate the clinical usefulness of measuring PGE-MUM as an indicator of tumor burden in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: PGE-MUM was measured by a radioimmunoassay in control healthy volunteers (n = 124) and patients with lung adenocarcinoma (n = 54). Associations between PGE-MUM levels and clinical characteristics of the patients (including lung cancer stage and TNM factors (T: Tumor, N: Node, M: Metastasis) were examined. Results: PGE-MUM levels were significantly elevated in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. A PGE-MUM level of 14.9 μg/g∙Cr showed 70.4% sensitivity and 67.7% specificity for the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. PGE-MUM levels tended to be positively correlated with cancer progression as determined by the TNM staging system. Advanced stage (stage III, stage IV, and recurrence) was significantly associated with high PGE-MUM levels by logistic regression analysis. No apparent correlation was demonstrated between PGE-MUM and carcinoma embryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Conclusions: PGE-MUM can be a promising biomarker reflecting the systemic tumor burden of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Kawamoto
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Hiromichi Hara
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Jun Araya
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Ichikawa
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Yu Fujita
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Utsumi
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Hashimoto
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Wakui
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Minagawa
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Takanori Numata
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Seiji Arihiro
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Tomokazu Matsuura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Mutsunori Fujiwara
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo 150-8935, Japan.
| | - Satoru Ito
- IDAC Theranostics, Inc.; Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Division of Respiratory diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jikei University, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan.
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Addeo A, Weiss GJ, Gyawali B. Association of Industry and Academic Sponsorship With Negative Phase 3 Oncology Trials and Reported Outcomes on Participant Survival: A Pooled Analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e193684. [PMID: 31074821 PMCID: PMC6512293 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.3684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Only 3.4% of cancer drugs evaluated in phase 1 trials are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, with most failing in phase 3 trials. Objective To investigate whether an association exists between the sponsorship and conduct of a negative phase 3 randomized clinical trial (RCT) investigating a cancer drug that lacked supporting phase 2 trial evidence for that drug, and to evaluate the association with overall survival among patients randomized to the experimental arm of such phase 3 trials. Data Sources Articles in the Lancet, Lancet Oncology, JAMA, JAMA Oncology, and Journal of Clinical Oncology published between January 2016 and June 2018 were searched. Study Selection Phase 3 RCTs of cancer drugs that failed to improve the primary end point were selected and any prior phase 2 trial of the same drug that supported the phase 3 trial was selected without any date or journal restrictions. Data Extraction and Synthesis Percentages of negative phase 3 RCTs of cancer drugs that lacked any phase 2 evidence, had a negative phase 2 trial, or had a positive phase 2 study were extracted. Associations were assessed using the Fisher exact test. Pooled hazard ratios and 95% CIs for the overall survival of patients enrolled in these negative phase 3 RCTs were estimated using a random-effects model. Main Outcomes and Measures Negative phase 3 RCTs with a lack of a phase 2 trial or the presence of a negative phase 2 trial and overall survival of enrolled patients in the phase 3 RCTs. Results In this meta-epidemiological study, 67 negative phase 3 RCTs on cancer drugs, which included 64 600 patients, met the criteria of being sponsored by industry or academic groups, of which 42 RCTs (63%) were industry sponsored and the remaining 25 RCTs (37%) were academic. A phase 2 trial was not available for 28 of these trials (42%). Of 29 trials (43%) with a phase 2 trial available, 8 trials (28%) failed to meet their primary end points and 5 of those were industry sponsored. There was no association with overall survival for patients participating in these negative phase 3 RCTs (pooled hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.96-1.02). When the pooled analysis was limited to the 27 RCTs with a hazard ratio above 1.00, the overall pooled hazard ratio for overall survival was 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06-1.16). No association between having a negative or undefined phase 2 trial and trial sponsorship was found using the Fisher exact test. Conclusions and Relevance More than 40% of the negative phase 3 RCTs in oncology published in these 5 journals were conducted without a supporting phase 2 trial and were sponsored by both academia and industry. Running such trials not only may risk loss of resources owing to a failed trial but also may be associated with decreased patient survival. Further research and regulations in this area appear warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Addeo
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Glen J. Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bishal Gyawali
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Liu J, Chang B, Li Q, Xu L, Liu X, Wang G, Wang Z, Wang L. Redox-Responsive Dual Drug Delivery Nanosystem Suppresses Cancer Repopulation by Abrogating Doxorubicin-Promoted Cancer Stemness, Metastasis, and Drug Resistance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801987. [PMID: 31139556 PMCID: PMC6446919 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a major therapeutic option for cancer patients. However, its effectiveness is challenged by chemodrugs' intrinsic pathological interactions with residual cancer cells. While inducing cancer cell death, chemodrugs enhance cancer stemness, invasiveness, and drug resistance of remaining cancer cells through upregulating cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin-E2 (COX-2/PGE2) signaling, therefore facilitating cancer repopulation and relapse. Toward tumor eradication, it is necessary to improve chemotherapy by abrogating these chemotherapy-induced effects. Herein, redox-responsive, celecoxib-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles with poly(β-cyclodextrin) wrapping (MSCPs) for sealing doxorubicin (DOX) are synthesized. Celecoxib, an FDA-approved COX-2 inhibitor, is employed as a structural and functional element to confer MSCPs with redox-responsiveness and COX-2/PGE2 inhibitory activity. MSCPs efficiently codeliver DOX and celecoxib into the tumor location, minimizing systemic toxicity. Importantly, through blocking chemotherapy-activated COX-2/PGE2 signaling, MSCPs drastically enhance DOX's antitumor activity by suppressing enhancement of cancer stemness and invasiveness as well as drug resistance induced by DOX-based chemotherapy in vitro. This is also remarkably achieved in three preclinical tumor models in vivo. DOX-loaded MSCPs effectively inhibit tumor repopulation by blocking COX-2/PGE2 signaling, which eliminates DOX-induced expansion of cancer stem-like cells, distant metastasis, and acquired drug resistance. Thus, this drug delivery nanosystem is capable of effectively suppressing tumor repopulation and has potential clinical translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Bingcheng Chang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Qilin Li
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Luming Xu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Xingxin Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
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Hamy AS, Tury S, Wang X, Gao J, Pierga JY, Giacchetti S, Brain E, Pistilli B, Marty M, Espié M, Benchimol G, Laas E, Laé M, Asselain B, Aouchiche B, Edelman M, Reyal F. Celecoxib With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer Might Worsen Outcomes Differentially by COX-2 Expression and ER Status: Exploratory Analysis of the REMAGUS02 Trial. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:624-635. [PMID: 30702971 DOI: 10.1200/jco.18.00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The overexpression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) gene, also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 ( PTGS2), occurs in breast cancer, but whether it affects response to anticox drugs remains unclear. We investigated the relationships between PTGS2 expression, celecoxib use during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and both event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 156 patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 -negative breast cancer from the REMAGUS02 (ISRCTN Registry No. 10059974) trial with pretreatment PTGS2 expression data. Patients were treated by sequential NAC (epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel with or without celecoxib). Experimental validation was performed on breast cancer cell lines. The Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 30801 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01041781) trial that tested chemotherapy with or without celecoxib in patients with lung cancer served as an independent validation cohort. RESULTS After 94.5 months of follow-up, EFS was significantly lower in the celecoxib group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1 to 2.88; P = .046). A significant interaction between PTGS2 expression and celecoxib use was detected ( Pinteraction = .01). In the PTGS2-low group (n = 100), EFS was lower in the celecoxib arm (HR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.45 to 6.24; P = .002) than in the standard treatment arm. Celecoxib use was an independent predictor of poor EFS, distant relapse-free survival, and OS. Celecoxib in addition to docetaxel enhanced cell viability in PTGS2-low cell lines but not in PTGS2-high cell lines. In CALGB 30801, a trend toward poorer progression-free survival was observed in the patients with low urinary metabolite of prostaglandin E2 who received celecoxib (HR = 1.57; 95% CI, 0.87 to 2.84; P = .13). CONCLUSION Celecoxib use during chemotherapy adversely affected survival in patients with breast cancer, and the effect was more marked in PTGS2-low and/or estrogen receptor-negative tumors. COX-2 inhibitors should preferably be avoided during docetaxel use in patients with breast cancer who are undergoing NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandrine Tury
- 1 Institut Curie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- 2 Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Durham, NC
| | - Junheng Gao
- 2 Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Durham, NC
| | | | - Sylvie Giacchetti
- 3 Hôpital Saint Louis (APHP), Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Brain
- 1 Institut Curie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Michel Marty
- 3 Hôpital Saint Louis (APHP), Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Marc Espié
- 3 Hôpital Saint Louis (APHP), Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - Enora Laas
- 1 Institut Curie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marick Laé
- 1 Institut Curie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Fabien Reyal
- 1 Institut Curie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Paik PK, Pillai RN, Lathan CS, Velasco SA, Papadimitrakopoulou V. New Treatment Options in Advanced Squamous Cell Lung Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2019; 39:e198-e206. [PMID: 31099625 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_237829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The past few years have witnessed a rapid shift in the treatments for patients with squamous cell lung cancers (SQCLCs) after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of a number of immune checkpoint inhibitors as second-line therapies for patients with non-small cell lung cancers. These series of approvals marked the first substantial improvement in overall survival for patients with SQCLC in over a decade. Further gains have been made more recently with the incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibition in the first-line setting, either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. These advances have, however, exposed existing deficiencies in the management of this disease. Despite a deeper understanding of the genomic alterations that characterize SQCLCs and years of trial work targeting these alterations, personalized therapies remain out of hand. Future studies will continue to focus on identifying targeted approaches to expand the treatment options for our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K Paik
- 1 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- 2 Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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Altorki NK, Markowitz GJ, Gao D, Port JL, Saxena A, Stiles B, McGraw T, Mittal V. The lung microenvironment: an important regulator of tumour growth and metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:9-31. [PMID: 30532012 PMCID: PMC6749995 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-018-0081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 624] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major global health problem, as it is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Major advances in the identification of key mutational alterations have led to the development of molecularly targeted therapies, whose efficacy has been limited by emergence of resistance mechanisms. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapies targeting angiogenesis and more recently immune checkpoints have reinvigorated enthusiasm in elucidating the prognostic and pathophysiological roles of the tumour microenvironment in lung cancer. In this Review, we highlight recent advances and emerging concepts for how the tumour-reprogrammed lung microenvironment promotes both primary lung tumours and lung metastasis from extrapulmonary neoplasms by contributing to inflammation, angiogenesis, immune modulation and response to therapies. We also discuss the potential of understanding tumour microenvironmental processes to identify biomarkers of clinical utility and to develop novel targeted therapies against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser K Altorki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey J Markowitz
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dingcheng Gao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Port
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashish Saxena
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brendon Stiles
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy McGraw
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivek Mittal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Heudobler D, Rechenmacher M, Lüke F, Vogelhuber M, Klobuch S, Thomas S, Pukrop T, Hackl C, Herr W, Ghibelli L, Gerner C, Reichle A. Clinical Efficacy of a Novel Therapeutic Principle, Anakoinosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1357. [PMID: 30546308 PMCID: PMC6279883 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic tumor therapy, consisting of cytotoxic agents and/or targeted therapy, has not overcome therapeutic limitations like poor risk genetic parameters, genetic heterogeneity at different metastatic sites or the problem of undruggable targets. Here we summarize data and trials principally following a completely different treatment concept tackling systems biologic processes: the principle of communicative reprogramming of tumor tissues, i.e., anakoinosis (ancient greek for communication), aims at establishing novel communicative behavior of tumor tissue, the hosting organ and organism via re-modeling gene expression, thus recovering differentiation, and apoptosis competence leading to cancer control - in contrast to an immediate, "poisoning" with maximal tolerable doses of targeted or cytotoxic therapies. Therefore, we introduce the term "Master modulators" for drugs or drug combinations promoting evolutionary processes or regulating homeostatic pathways. These "master modulators" comprise a broad diversity of drugs, characterized by the capacity for reprogramming tumor tissues, i.e., transcriptional modulators, metronomic low-dose chemotherapy, epigenetically modifying agents, protein binding pro-anakoinotic drugs, such as COX-2 inhibitors, IMiDs etc., or for example differentiation inducing therapies. Data on 97 anakoinosis inducing schedules indicate a favorable toxicity profile: The combined administration of master modulators, frequently (with poor or no monoactivity) may even induce continuous complete remission in refractory metastatic neoplasia, irrespectively of the tumor type. That means recessive components of the tumor, successively developing during tumor ontogenesis, are accessible by regulatory active drug combinations in a therapeutically meaningful way. Drug selection is now dependent on situative systems characteristics, to less extent histology dependent. To sum up, anakoinosis represents a new substantive therapy principle besides novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heudobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rechenmacher
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lüke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vogelhuber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klobuch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simone Thomas
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department Biology, Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Faculty Chemistry, Institut for Analytical Chemistry, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Evrard D, Szturz P, Tijeras-Raballand A, Astorgues-Xerri L, Abitbol C, Paradis V, Raymond E, Albert S, Barry B, Faivre S. Macrophages in the microenvironment of head and neck cancer: potential targets for cancer therapy. Oral Oncol 2018; 88:29-38. [PMID: 30616794 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment of solid tumors has become a promising target for future therapies modulating immune cells. Patients with advanced head and neck cancer, which still portends a poor outcome, are particularly in need of innovative approaches. In oral squamous cell carcinoma, high density of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) appears consistently associated with poor prognosis, whereas data are currently limited for other head and neck sites. Several approaches to block TAMs have been investigated, including TAMs inactivation by means of the colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1)/CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitors or strategies to reprogram TAMs from M2 protumoral phenotype toward M1 antitumoral phenotype. This review focuses on both prognostic and therapeutic aspects related to TAMs in head and neck carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Evrard
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Petr Szturz
- Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Chloé Abitbol
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | | | - Eric Raymond
- Medical Oncology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Paris---St Joseph, Paris, France
| | | | - Béatrix Barry
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Faivre
- Medical Oncology Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine (HUPVNS) & Université Paris 7, Paris, France.
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