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Gizli Çoban Ö, Sürer Adanır A, Özatalay E. Post-traumatic stress disorder and health-related quality of life in the siblings of the pediatric bone marrow transplantation survivors and post-traumatic stress disorder in their mothers. Pediatr Transplant 2017. [PMID: 28620914 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Although BMT is lifesaving in many childhood diseases, it was found to be related to anxiety, depression, and PTSD in parents, and PTSD, anxiety and overall low self-esteem in siblings. Research on siblings' HRQoL is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate PTSD and HRQoL in siblings (donor and non-donor) of pediatric BMT survivors and PTSD in their mothers, compared to the healthy controls. Thirty-five siblings and their mothers and 35 healthy peers and their mothers were recruited as the study group and as the comparison group, respectively. In children, Child PTSD-Reaction Index for PTSD and PedsQL for HRQoL were used. PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version was used for PTSD in mothers. The study group, both children and mothers, obtained significantly higher PTSD rates than the control group. Children in the study group also reported significantly poorer HRQoL than the control group in all scales. As a novel finding, there was a significant negative correlation between siblings' and mothers' PTSD scores and siblings' PedsQL scores, indicating that PTSD symptoms in siblings and mothers significantly led to impairment in siblings' HRQoL or vice versa. Thus, the identification and treatment of siblings and mothers with PTSD seems imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Gizli Çoban
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aslı Sürer Adanır
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Esin Özatalay
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Sürer Adanir A, Taşkiran G, Küpesiz OA, Özatalay E. Psychopathology in pediatric bone marrow transplantation survivors and their mothers. Pediatr Int 2017. [PMID: 28631412 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is used to treat various hematologic, oncologic and metabolic diseases. While the treatment is lifesaving, it is also associated with anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and psychosocial problems both in children and parents. METHODS The aim of this study was to investigate the psychopathology in pediatric BMT survivors and their mothers compared with healthy controls. All children were interviewed using Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia to assess lifelong psychopathology. For the mothers, the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) was used. RESULTS In the BMT group, 17 children (63%) had at least one psychiatric disorder, while 15 (53.6%) did in the control group. Although lifelong prevalence of psychopathology in the BMT group did not differ significantly from the control group generally, anxiety disorders were significantly higher in the BMT group. When the SCL-90-R scores of the mothers were compared, Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity and Phobic Anxiety were significantly higher in the mothers in the BMT group, indicating more difficulty in these areas. CONCLUSIONS Bone marrow transplantation is a significant stressor, especially for mothers. Clinicians should address the child and family as a whole in assessments and be aware of psychiatric symptoms in mothers and children who have had such a life-threatening condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Sürer Adanir
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gülseren Taşkiran
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Osman Alphan Küpesiz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Esin Özatalay
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Sands SA, Mee L, Bartell A, Manne S, Devine KA, Savone M, Kashy DA. Group-Based Trajectory Modeling of Distress and Well-Being Among Caregivers of Children Undergoing Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplant. J Pediatr Psychol 2017; 42:283-295. [PMID: 27543915 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the trajectories of caregiver psychological responses in the year following their child's hematopoetic stem cell transplant (HSCT), and whether cognitive and social processing strategies differentiated between trajectories. Method One hundred and eight caregivers randomized to the control condition of a cognitive-behavioral intervention study completed measures of distress, coping, and social support at baseline, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year post HSCT of their child. Results The majority reported moderate or low anxiety, depression, or distress that decreased over time, but a small group demonstrated high anxiety, depression, or distress that persisted or increased over time. Maladaptive coping was highest among caregivers in the high-persistent distress subgroup compared with the moderate-decreasing and low-stable groups. Adaptive coping was minimally associated with trajectory subgroups. Conclusions Screening HSCT caregivers for distress and maladaptive coping may be useful in identifying caregivers likely to experience persistently high distress who may benefit from psychological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Sands
- Clinical Psychology Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Columbia University School of Medicine, New york, USA
| | - Laura Mee
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Sharon Manne
- Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Katie A Devine
- Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Mirko Savone
- Clinical Psychology Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Columbia University School of Medicine, New york, USA
| | - Deborah A Kashy
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Van Schoors M, Caes L, Verhofstadt LL, Goubert L, Alderfer MA. Systematic Review: Family Resilience After Pediatric Cancer Diagnosis: Figure 1. J Pediatr Psychol 2015; 40:856-68. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Virtue SM, Manne SL, Mee L, Bartell A, Sands S, Gajda TM, Darabos K. Psychological distress and psychiatric diagnoses among primary caregivers of children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant: an examination of prevalence, correlates, and racial/ethnic differences. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2014; 36:620-6. [PMID: 25246347 PMCID: PMC4329245 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of the study were to examine the prevalence of self-reported psychological distress, examine the prevalence of interview-rated psychiatric diagnoses, identify correlates of psychological distress and psychiatric diagnosis and examine racial/ethnic group differences on measures of psychological distress among primary caregivers of children preparing to undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). METHODS Caregivers (N = 215) completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Impact of Events Scale, and a psychiatric interview assessing major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Regression analyses examined correlates of distress and psychiatric diagnosis. Comparisons were made between racial/ethnic groups. RESULTS Posttraumatic stress symptoms were reported by 54% of caregivers during the time preparing for the child's HSCT. Twenty-seven percent of caregivers met diagnostic criteria for at least one of the psychiatric diagnoses during this time. Few factors were associated with distress or psychiatric diagnosis, except the child scheduled for allogeneic transplant, being married and prior psychological/psychiatric care. Sociodemographic factors accounted for racial/ethnic group differences, except that Hispanic/Latino caregivers reported higher BDI scores than non-Hispanic white caregivers. CONCLUSION Caregivers may be at greater risk of posttraumatic stress symptoms than anxiety or depression. Prior psychological/psychiatric treatment is a risk factor for greater psychological distress and psychiatric diagnosis during this time. Racial differences are mostly due to sociodemographic factors.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Black or African American/psychology
- Black or African American/statistics & numerical data
- Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology
- Anxiety Disorders/ethnology
- Anxiety Disorders/psychology
- Caregivers/psychology
- Caregivers/statistics & numerical data
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology
- Depressive Disorder, Major/ethnology
- Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology
- Female
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Hispanic or Latino/psychology
- Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Panic Disorder/epidemiology
- Panic Disorder/ethnology
- Panic Disorder/psychology
- Parents/psychology
- Prevalence
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/ethnology
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology
- Stress, Psychological/epidemiology
- Stress, Psychological/ethnology
- Stress, Psychological/psychology
- White People/psychology
- White People/statistics & numerical data
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharon L Manne
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Laura Mee
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Stephen Sands
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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The role of social and cognitive processes in the relationship between fear network and psychological distress among parents of children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2014; 21:223-33. [PMID: 25081956 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-014-9403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined whether cognitive and social processing variables mediated the relationship between fear network and depression among parents of children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Parents whose children were initiating HSCT (N = 179) completed survey measures including fear network, Beck Depression Inventory, cognitive processing variables (positive reappraisal and self-blame) and social processing variables (emotional support and holding back from sharing concerns). Fear network was positively correlated with depression (p < .001). Self-blame and holding back emerged as individual partial mediators in the relationship between fear network and depression. Together they accounted for 34.3% of the variance in the relationship between fear network and depression. Positive reappraisal and emotional support did not have significant mediating effects. Social and cognitive processes, specifically self-blame and holding back from sharing concerns, play a negative role in parents' psychological adaptation to fears surrounding a child's HSCT.
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Cousino MK, Hazen RA. Parenting stress among caregivers of children with chronic illness: a systematic review. J Pediatr Psychol 2013; 38:809-28. [PMID: 23843630 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jst049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To critically review, analyze, and synthesize the literature on parenting stress among caregivers of children with asthma, cancer, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, epilepsy, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and/or sickle cell disease. Method PsychInfo, MEDLINE, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched according to inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of 13 studies and qualitative analysis of 96 studies was conducted. Results Caregivers of children with chronic illness reported significantly greater general parenting stress than caregivers of healthy children (d = .40; p = ≤.0001). Qualitative analysis revealed that greater general parenting stress was associated with greater parental responsibility for treatment management and was unrelated to illness duration and severity across illness populations. Greater parenting stress was associated with poorer psychological adjustment in caregivers and children with chronic illness. Conclusion Parenting stress is an important target for future intervention. General and illness-specific measures of parenting stress should be used in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Cousino
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Larsen HB, Heilmann C, Johansen C, Adamsen L. Socially disadvantaged parents of children treated with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT): report from a supportive intervention study, Denmark. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2012; 17:302-10. [PMID: 23026717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to test a daily Family Navigator Nurse (FNN) conducted intervention program, to support parents during the distressful experience of their child's Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT). METHODS A qualitative analysis of the supportive intervention program for parents whose child is under HSCT treatment while hospitalized. Parents to 25 children were included in the intervention group. Twenty-five parents were included in a participant observational study and 21 of these completed a semi-structured interview 100 days following HSCT. RESULTS Three main problems faced by all parents included 1) the emotional strain of the child's HSCT; 2) re-organizing of the family's daily life to include hospitalization with the child; and 3) the financial strain of manoeuvring within the Danish welfare system. The FNN performed daily intervention rounds to ease each of these problems during the study period. Having the following pre-existing risk factors, negatively influenced the parents' ability to address these problems: 1) being a single parents; 2) low-level income; 3) low-level education; 4) low-level network support: 5) being a student or unemployed; 6) physical/psychiatric illness; and 7) ethnicity. Six families with 4 or more risk factors had complex emotional, social and financial problems that required extensive intervention by the FNN and that impacted their ability to provide care for the child. CONCLUSION The parents' pre-existing risk factors were further complicated by their children's HSCT. A recommendation for clinical practice is to identify families with multiple interrelated problems and allocate resources to support these families.
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Kline RM. "Risk adapted" assessments of health related quality of life in HSCT recipients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57:1095-6. [PMID: 21681932 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.23212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M Kline
- Pediatric Division, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89109, USA.
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Abstract
This systematic review integrates qualitative and quantitative research findings regarding family changes in the context of childhood cancer. Twenty-eight quantitative, 42 qualitative, and one mixed-method studies were reviewed. Included studies focused on family functioning, marital quality, and/or parenting in the context of pediatric cancer, were written in English, and were published between 1996 and 2009. Overall, qualitative findings show that families alter roles, responsibilities, and day-to-day functioning to accommodate the needs of children with cancer. Although some degree of family reorganization is normative, the extent and impact of these changes varies. Quantitative work shows that mean levels of family functioning (e.g., cohesion, flexibility) are similar between families facing cancer and normative or comparison samples. However, families follow different trajectories of improvement, decline, or stability in family closeness and marital quality. Parenting has received limited quantitative research attention, but qualitative work suggests that parents perceive deeper bonds with ill children and may spoil or overprotect them. Conclusions support future work examining the influence of family-level variables on the adjustment of individual family members.
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Miller VA, Luce MF, Nelson RM. Relationship of external influence to parental distress in decision making regarding children with a life-threatening illness. J Pediatr Psychol 2011; 36:1102-12. [PMID: 21693541 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsr033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of external influence to parental distress when making a decision about research or treatment for a child with a life-threatening illness and to test potential moderators of this relationship. METHODS Parents (n = 219) who made a decision about research or treatment for a child completed measures of external influence, distress, decision-making preference, and coping. RESULTS More external influence was associated with more hostility, uncertainty, and confusion. Decision-making preference and coping style moderated the relationship between external influence and distress: More external influence was associated with more distress when decision-making preference was low and task-focused coping was high. CONCLUSIONS External influence appears to be related to distress in parents making research and treatment decisions for children with life-threatening illnesses. However, it is important to consider parent characteristics, such as decision-making preference and coping style, when examining the effects of contextual factors on distress during decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A Miller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Larsen HB, Heilmann C, Johansen C, Adamsen L. An analysis of parental roles during haematopoietic stem cell transplantation of their offspring: a qualitative and participant observational study. J Adv Nurs 2011; 67:1458-67. [PMID: 21323978 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05587.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the parents' experiences and reflections on their parental role while taking care of their child. BACKGROUND Parents of children undergoing treatment with allogeneic haematopoetic stem cell transplantation for life threatening diseases in protective isolation, experience distress related to the child's care. Parents struggle to cope with the stress related to the child's disease, treatment and survival possibilities. METHODS During the period 2007-2009, eight participant studies and 16 in-depth interviews were performed and analysed using a theoretical ideal type construction and an interactionistic approach. RESULTS Three ideal types of approaches were identified (1) expertise-mindedness, (2) dialogue-mindedness and (3) the approach of the socially challenged parents. Expertise-minded parents base their rationality for care and interactions on medical knowledge. It is important for dialogue-minded parents that emotions are included in the rationality for care. Being able to manage these two approaches requires emotional work in the form of both surface- and deep acting from the parents. Socially challenged parents fail to adapt to either of the two approaches since they often fail to manage the required emotional work. CONCLUSION The three described ideal types give a new perspective on the complex interactions that occur between parents, child and staff during treatment with haematopoetic stem cell transplantation. Understanding the rationality behind the different approaches adopted by parents may assist medical staff to understand the parents' rationality for care of their child and to identify socially challenged parents who need help in managing the care of their child.
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Psychological effects of hematopoietic SCT on pediatric patients, siblings and parents: a review. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 45:1134-46. [PMID: 20383219 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2010.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) has become standard therapy for many life-threatening disorders of childhood, there is little research on the psychosocial ramifications of HSCT on patients, siblings and parents. Pediatric patients experience numerous psychological reactions throughout hospitalization, the procedure and recovery process: anxiety, depression, behavioral and social problems, and post-traumatic stress reactions. Similarly, sibling donors are at risk of developing emotional disturbances such as post-traumatic stress reactions, anxiety and low self-esteem. Parental distress, anxiety and depression levels are often increased as a result of their child undergoing the HSCT process. The distress and anxiety may be even greater for parents whose healthy child also becomes part of the HSCT process through donating their marrow. Thus, it is critical to develop interventions for pediatric patients and their families. There is, however, minimal research of interventions aimed at decreasing distress and improving emotional and psychosocial functioning for children undergoing HSCT, siblings and parents. Cognitive-behavioral interventions are the most researched treatment approaches for children with cancer and chronic illness and these are promising in improving emotional distress, compliance with treatment and behavioral problems associated with HSCT. Appropriate arenas in which pediatric patient interventions may focus include social skills and emotional well-being. Familial interventions that aim to enhance protective factors, improve communication, and decrease parental anxiety and depression are crucial, and cancer-specific interventions may serve as a template for the development of HSCT-specific interventions.
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Health-related quality of life in survivors of BMT for paediatric malignancy: a systematic review of the literature. Bone Marrow Transplant 2008; 42:73-82. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2008.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Parent Stress and Coping: Waiting for a Child to Receive a Kidney Transplant. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10880-007-9084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wu L, Bonanno G, Duhamel K, Redd WH, Rini C, Austin J, Nereo N, Ostroff J, Parsons S, Martini R, Williams S, Mee L, Sexson S, Manne S. Pre-bereavement meaning and post-bereavement distress in mothers of children who underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Br J Health Psychol 2007; 13:419-33. [PMID: 17535504 DOI: 10.1348/135910707x204236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the association of meaning-making with psychological adjustment to bereavement among mothers of children who had undergone haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). DESIGN A prospective research design was used. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the relations between pre-bereavement variables (distress, searching for meaning, and finding meaning) and distress post-bereavement. METHODS Thirty-five mothers of children who had undergone HSCT were interviewed at the time of their child's HSCT and 3 months post-bereavement. RESULTS Mothers who reported searching for meaning at HSCT reported greater post-bereavement distress, and mothers who reported finding meaning at HSCT reported less post-bereavement distress. Distress at HSCT and the number of days between the time of death and the post-bereavement time point were also found to be significant predictors of post-bereavement distress. CONCLUSIONS This study provides partial support for the role of meaning in adjustment to loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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McKeever P, O'Neill S, Miller KL. Managing space and marking time: mothering severely ill infants in hospital isolation. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2002; 12:1020-1032. [PMID: 12365586 DOI: 10.1177/104973202129120421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mothers retrospectively describe their experiences of prolonged protective isolation with infants hospitalized for severe combined immune deficiency. Mothers (N = 5) spent approximately 10 hours every day for 10.5 months in an 11-foot-square isolation room. Dressed in masks and surgical garb, they cared for their infants but were prohibited from engaging in skin contact. Although the rooms' characteristics and regulations remained fixed, mothers' sociospatial experiences varied dramatically over the course of the infants' treatment trajectories. The findings illustrate how place, space, and time affect women's well-being and their social and mothering relations in health care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia McKeever
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Home and Community Care Evaluation and Research Centre
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