1
|
Abstract
This Review examines the state-of-the-art in the delivery of nucleic acid therapies that are directed to the vascular endothelium. First, we review the most important homeostatic functions and properties of the vascular endothelium and summarize the nucleic acid tools that are currently available for gene therapy and nucleic acid delivery. Second, we consider the opportunities available with the endothelium as a therapeutic target and the experimental models that exist to evaluate the potential of those opportunities. Finally, we review the progress to date from investigations that are directly targeting the vascular endothelium: for vascular disease, for peri-transplant therapy, for angiogenic therapies, for pulmonary endothelial disease, and for the blood-brain barrier, ending with a summary of the future outlook in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shakeran Z, Varshosaz J, Keyhanfar M, Mohammad-Beigi H, Rahimi K, Sutherland DS. Co-delivery of STAT3 siRNA and methotrexate in breast cancer cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 50:29-39. [PMID: 35132929 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2022.2030746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Co-delivery of anticancer drugs and biologics can provide synergetic effects and outperform single delivery therapies. Here, a nanoparticle (NP) system for co-delivery of methotrexate (MTX) and STAT3 siRNA has been developed and tested in vitro. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were functionalized with chitosan (ch) by covalent grafting mediated by aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) via glutaraldehyde as the linker. Co-delivery of MTX and STAT3 siRNA to MCF7 cells was demonstrated in cells by flow cytometric analysis and confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy for use in breast cancer treatment. MTX either competitively inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) receptor or suppresses the STAT3 metabolic pathway. STAT3 protein plays an essential role in cell division, proliferation and survival. Reduction of the protein by both MTX and STAT3 siRNA, achieved by chMSNs, significantly decreased the viability of breast cancer cells compared to single treatments alone. Cellular uptake of modified NPs was increased over time when additional free MTX was added implicating the DHFR receptor in uptake. In addition, protein corona compositions coated the NPs outer surface, were different between the NPs with and without drug potentially modulating cellular uptake. This study is the first report on co-delivery of MTX and STAT3 siRNA by chitosan modified MSNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shakeran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,iNANO Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Keyhanfar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohammad-Beigi
- iNANO Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karim Rahimi
- iNANO Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Milan A, Mioc A, Prodea A, Mioc M, Buzatu R, Ghiulai R, Racoviceanu R, Caruntu F, Şoica C. The Optimized Delivery of Triterpenes by Liposomal Nanoformulations: Overcoming the Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1140. [PMID: 35163063 PMCID: PMC8835305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a sustained increase in the research development of modern-day chemo-therapeutics, especially for those used for high mortality rate pathologies. However, the therapeutic landscape is continuously changing as a result of the currently existing toxic side effects induced by a substantial range of drug classes. One growing research direction driven to mitigate such inconveniences has converged towards the study of natural molecules for their promising therapeutic potential. Triterpenes are one such class of compounds, intensively investigated for their therapeutic versatility. Although the pharmacological effects reported for several representatives of this class has come as a well-deserved encouragement, the pharmacokinetic profile of these molecules has turned out to be an unwelcomed disappointment. Nevertheless, the light at the end of the tunnel arrived with the development of nanotechnology, more specifically, the use of liposomes as drug delivery systems. Liposomes are easily synthesizable phospholipid-based vesicles, with highly tunable surfaces, that have the ability to transport both hydrophilic and lipophilic structures ensuring superior drug bioavailability at the action site as well as an increased selectivity. This study aims to report the results related to the development of different types of liposomes, used as targeted vectors for the delivery of various triterpenes of high pharmacological interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Milan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Prodea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Buzatu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timişoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Ghiulai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Florina Caruntu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timişoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Codruţa Şoica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hattori Y, Saito H, Oku T, Ozaki KI. Effects of sterol derivatives in cationic liposomes on biodistribution and gene-knockdown in the lungs of mice systemically injected with siRNA lipoplexes. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:598. [PMID: 34165169 PMCID: PMC8240178 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic liposomes can be intravenously injected to deliver short interfering (si)RNAs into the lungs. The present study investigated the effects of sterol derivatives in systemically injected siRNA/cationic liposome complexes (siRNA lipoplexes) on gene-knockdown in the lungs of mice. Cationic liposomes composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane or dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB) were prepared as a cationic lipid, with sterol derivatives such as cholesterol (Chol), β-sitosterol, ergosterol (Ergo) or stigmasterol as a neutral helper lipid. Transfected liposomal formulations composed of DDAB/Chol or DDAB/Ergo did not suppress the expression of the luciferase gene in LLC-Luc and Colon 26-Luc cells in vitro, whereas other formulations induced moderate gene-silencing. The systemic injection of siRNA lipoplexes formulated with Chol or Ergo into mice resulted in abundant siRNA accumulation in the lungs. In comparison, systemically injected DDAB/Chol or DDAB/Ergo lipoplexes of Tie2 siRNA effectively increased the suppression of the Tie2 mRNA expression in the lungs of mice. These findings indicated that DDAB/Chol and DDAB/Ergo liposomes could function as vectors for siRNA delivery to the lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Hiromu Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Teruaki Oku
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gawrys O, Rak M, Baranowska I, Bobis-Wozowicz S, Szaro K, Madeja Z, Swiezewska E, Masnyk M, Chmielewski M, Karnas E, Kompanowska-Jezierska E. Polyprenol-Based Lipofecting Agents for In Vivo Delivery of Therapeutic DNA to Treat Hypertensive Rats. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:62-82. [PMID: 32767051 PMCID: PMC7846535 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-09992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Development of efficient vectors for transfection is one of the major challenges in genetic engineering. Previous research demonstrated that cationic derivatives of polyisoprenoids (PTAI) may serve as carriers of nucleic acids. In the present study, the effectiveness of two PTAI-based formulations (PTAI-6–8 and 10–14) was investigated and compared to the commercial reagents. The purpose of applied gene therapy was to enhance the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in the renal medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and to test its potential as a novel antihypertensive intervention. In the first part of the study (in vitro), we confirmed that PTAI-based lipoplexes efficiently transfect XC rat sarcoma cells and are stable in 37 °C for 7 days. In the in vivo experiments, we administered selected lipoplexes directly to the kidneys of conscious SHR (via osmotic pumps). There were no blood pressure changes and VEGF-A level in renal medulla was significantly higher only for PTAI-10–14-based formulation. In conclusion, despite the promising results, we were not able to achieve VEGF-A expression level high enough to verify VEGF-A gene therapy usefulness in SHR. However, results of our study give important indications for the future development of PTAI-based DNA carriers and kidney-targeted gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gawrys
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, PAS, 5 A. Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Rak
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Baranowska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, PAS, 5 A. Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bobis-Wozowicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Szaro
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Swiezewska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, PAS, 5a A. Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Masnyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 M. Kasprzaka Street, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Chmielewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 M. Kasprzaka Street, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Karnas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, PAS, 5 A. Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hattori Y, Tamaki K, Ozaki KI, Kawano K, Onishi H. Optimized combination of cationic lipids and neutral helper lipids in cationic liposomes for siRNA delivery into the lung by intravenous injection of siRNA lipoplexes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
7
|
Hattori Y, Nakamura M, Takeuchi N, Tamaki K, Shimizu S, Yoshiike Y, Taguchi M, Ohno H, Ozaki KI, Onishi H. Effect of cationic lipid in cationic liposomes on siRNA delivery into the lung by intravenous injection of cationic lipoplex. J Drug Target 2018; 27:217-227. [PMID: 30024300 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1502775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cationic liposomes composed of dialkyl cationic lipid such as 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) can efficiently deliver siRNA to the lungs following the intravenous injection of cationic liposome/siRNA complexes (lipoplexes). In this study, we examined the effect of cationic lipid of cationic liposomes on siRNA delivery to the lungs after intravenous injection. We used six kinds of cationic cholesterol derivatives and 11 kinds of dialkyl or trialkyl cationic lipids as cationic lipids, and prepared 17 kinds of cationic liposomes composed of a cationic lipid and 1,2-dioleoyl-L-α-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) for evaluation of siRNA biodistribution and in vivo gene silencing effects. Among cationic liposomes, those composed of N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium bromide (DC-1-16), N,N-dimethyl-N-octadecyloctadecan-1-aminium bromide (DC-1-18), 2-((1,5-bis(octadecyloxy)-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl)amino)-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-oxoethan-1-aminium chloride (DC-3-18D), 11-((1,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)-2-((dodecanoyloxy)methyl)propan-2-yl)amino)-N,N,N-trimethyl-11-oxoundecan-1-aminium bromide (TC-1-12), or cholesteryl (3-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)propyl)carbamate hydroiodide (HAPC-Chol) with DOPE exhibited high accumulation of siRNA in the lung and significant suppression of Tie2 mRNA expression after the intravenous injection of cationic lipoplexes with Tie2 siRNA. Furthermore, DC-1-16/DOPE and DC-1-18/DOPE lipoplexes with protein kinase N3 (PKN3) siRNA could suppress the tumour growth when intravenously injected into mice with lung LLC metastasis. These findings indicate that the siRNA biodistribution and in vivo knockdown efficiency after the intravenous injection of cationic lipoplexes were strongly affected by the type of cationic lipid of cationic liposomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mari Nakamura
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Nozomi Takeuchi
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kyoko Tamaki
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Satono Shimizu
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshiike
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Masamitsu Taguchi
- b Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- b Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- c Education and Research Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Takatsuki , Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Oligonucleotide Therapy for Obstructive and Restrictive Respiratory Diseases. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010139. [PMID: 28106744 PMCID: PMC6155767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhaled oligonucleotide is an emerging therapeutic modality for various common respiratory diseases, including obstructive airway diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and restrictive airway diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The advantage of direct accessibility for oligonucleotide molecules to the lung target sites, bypassing systemic administration, makes this therapeutic approach promising with minimized potential systemic side effects. Asthma, COPD, and IPF are common chronic respiratory diseases, characterized by persistent airway inflammation and dysregulated tissue repair and remodeling, although each individual disease has its unique etiology. Corticosteroids have been widely prescribed for the treatment of asthma, COPD, and IPF. However, the effectiveness of corticosteroids as an anti-inflammatory drug is limited by steroid resistance in severe asthma, the majority of COPD cases, and pulmonary fibrosis. There is an urgent medical need to develop target-specific drugs for the treatment of these respiratory conditions. Oligonucleotide therapies, including antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and microRNA (miRNA) are now being evaluated both pre-clinically and clinically as potential therapeutics. The mechanisms of action of ASO and siRNA are highly target mRNA specific, ultimately leading to target protein knockdown. miRNA has both biomarker and therapeutic values, and its knockdown by a miRNA antagonist (antagomir) has a broader but potentially more non-specific biological outcome. This review will compile the current findings of oligonucleotide therapeutic targets, verified in various respiratory disease models and in clinical trials, and evaluate different chemical modification approaches to improve the stability and potency of oligonucleotides for the treatment of respiratory diseases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Leus NGJ, Morselt HWM, Zwiers PJ, Kowalski PS, Ruiters MHJ, Molema G, Kamps JAAM. VCAM-1 specific PEGylated SAINT-based lipoplexes deliver siRNA to activated endothelium in vivo but do not attenuate target gene expression. Int J Pharm 2014; 469:121-31. [PMID: 24746643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years much research in RNA nanotechnology has been directed to develop an efficient and clinically suitable delivery system for short interfering RNA (siRNA). The current study describes the in vivo siRNA delivery using PEGylated antibody-targeted SAINT-based-lipoplexes (referred to as antibody-SAINTPEGarg/PEG2%), which showed superior siRNA delivery capacity and effective down-regulation of VE-cadherin gene expression in vitro in inflammation-activated primary endothelial cells of different vascular origins. PEGylation of antibody-SAINTPEGarg resulted in more desirable pharmacokinetic behavior than that of non-PEGylated antibody-SAINTPEGarg. To create specificity for inflammation-activated endothelial cells, antibodies against vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were employed. In TNFα-challenged mice, these intravenously administered anti-VCAM-1-SAINTPEGarg/PEG2% homed to VCAM-1 protein expressing vasculature. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that anti-VCAM-1-SAINTPEGarg/PEG2% co-localized with endothelial cells in lung postcapillary venules. Furthermore, they did not exert any liver and kidney toxicity. Yet, lack of in vivo gene silencing as assessed in whole lung and in laser microdissected lung microvascular segments indicates that in vivo internalization and/or intracellular trafficking of the delivery system and its cargo in the target cells are not sufficient, and needs further attention, emphasizing the essence of evaluating siRNA delivery systems in an appropriate in vivo animal model at an early stage in their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niek G J Leus
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, Laboratory for Endothelial Biomedicine & Vascular Drug Targeting Research, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henriëtte W M Morselt
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, Laboratory for Endothelial Biomedicine & Vascular Drug Targeting Research, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J Zwiers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, Laboratory for Endothelial Biomedicine & Vascular Drug Targeting Research, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Piotr S Kowalski
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, Laboratory for Endothelial Biomedicine & Vascular Drug Targeting Research, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel H J Ruiters
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, Laboratory for Endothelial Biomedicine & Vascular Drug Targeting Research, Groningen, the Netherlands; Synvolux Therapeutics, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Grietje Molema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, Laboratory for Endothelial Biomedicine & Vascular Drug Targeting Research, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A A M Kamps
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, Laboratory for Endothelial Biomedicine & Vascular Drug Targeting Research, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fehring V, Schaeper U, Ahrens K, Santel A, Keil O, Eisermann M, Giese K, Kaufmann J. Delivery of therapeutic siRNA to the lung endothelium via novel Lipoplex formulation DACC. Mol Ther 2014; 22:811-20. [PMID: 24390281 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA interference can be therapeutically exploited to inhibit pathophysiological gene expression. However, in contrast to the established effectiveness of RNAi in vitro, safe and effective delivery of siRNAs to specific organs and cell types in vivo remains the major hurdle. Here, we report the development and in vivo characterization of a novel siRNA delivery system (DACC lipoplex) suitable for modulating target gene expression specifically in the lung vasculature. Systemic administration of DACC in mice delivered siRNA cargo functionally to the lung pulmonary endothelium. A single dose of DACC lipoplexes administered by bolus injection or by infusion was sufficient to specifically silence genes expressed in pulmonary endothelial cells such as CD31, Tie-2, VE-cadherin, or BMP-R2. When tested in a mouse model for lung cancer, repeated treatment with DACC/siRNA(CD31) reduced formation of lung metastases and increased life span in a mouse model of experimental lung metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Fehring
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Schaeper
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Ahrens
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Santel
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - O Keil
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - K Giese
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Efficient Biodistribution and Gene Silencing in the Lung epithelium via Intravenous Liposomal Delivery of siRNA. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2013; 2:e96. [PMID: 23736774 PMCID: PMC3696903 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2013.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) may provide a therapeutic solution to many pulmonary epithelium diseases. However, the main barrier to the clinical use of RNAi remains the lack of efficient delivery vectors. Research has mainly concentrated on the intranasal route of delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA) effector molecules for the treatment of respiratory diseases. However, this may be complicated in a diseased state due to the increased fluid production and tissue remodeling. Therefore, we investigated our hydration of a freeze-dried matrix (HFDM) formulated liposomes for systemic delivery to the lung epithelium. Here, we show that 45 ± 2% of epithelial murine lung cells receive siRNA delivery upon intravenous (IV) liposomal administration. Furthermore, we demonstrate that liposomal siRNA delivery resulted in targeted gene and protein knockdown throughout the lung, including lung epithelium. Taken together, this is the first description of lung epithelial delivery via cationic liposomes, and provides a proof of concept for the use of IV liposomal RNAi delivery to specifically knockdown targeted genes in the respiratory system. This approach may provide an attractive alternate therapeutic delivery strategy for the treatment of lung epithelium diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
Nanostructured lipid carriers as multifunctional nanomedicine platform for pulmonary co-delivery of anticancer drugs and siRNA. J Control Release 2013; 171:349-57. [PMID: 23648833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We developed, synthesized, and tested a multifunctional nanostructured lipid nanocarrier-based system (NLCS) for efficient delivery of an anticancer drug and siRNA directly into the lungs by inhalation. The system contains: (1) nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC); (2) anticancer drug (doxorubicin or paclitaxel); (3) siRNA targeted to MRP1 mRNA as a suppressor of pump drug resistance; (4) siRNA targeted to BCL2 mRNA as a suppressor of nonpump cellular resistance and (5) a modified synthetic analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) as a targeting moiety specific to the receptors that are overexpressed in the plasma membrane of lung cancer cells. The NLCS was tested in vitro using human lung cancer cells and in vivo utilizing mouse orthotopic model of human lung cancer. After inhalation, the proposed NLCS effectively delivered its payload into lung cancer cells leaving healthy lung tissues intact and also significantly decreasing the exposure of healthy organs when compared with intravenous injection. The NLCS showed enhanced antitumor activity when compared with intravenous treatment. The data obtained demonstrated high efficiency of proposed NLCS for tumor-targeted local delivery by inhalation of anticancer drugs and mixture of siRNAs specifically to lung cancer cells and, as a result, efficient suppression of tumor growth and prevention of adverse side effects on healthy organs.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are potent molecules capable of blocking gene expression after entering cell cytoplasm. Despite their strong efficacy, they need to be carried by nanoscale delivery systems that can protect them against degradation in biological fluids, increase their cellular uptake and favor their subcellular distribution. Several studies have highlighted the potential of local pulmonary delivery of siRNAs for the treatment of lung diseases. For this purpose, nanoscale delivery systems were addressed to target passively or actively the target cell. This review discusses the possibilities of approaching lung delivery of nanoscale particles carrying siRNAs.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kowalski PS, Leus NGJ, Scherphof GL, Ruiters MHJ, Kamps JAAM, Molema G. Targeted siRNA delivery to diseased microvascular endothelial cells-Cellular and molecular concepts. IUBMB Life 2011; 63:648-58. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
Many inherited and acquired pulmonary disorders without satisfactory therapies may be amenable to gene therapy. Despite numerous advances, efficient delivery and expression of the therapeutic transgene at physiological levels for phenotypic correction of disease has proved elusive. This article focuses on various strategies aimed at achieving targeted delivery to the lungs. Both physical methods and biological targeting have been successfully applied in various gene delivery systems. Targeting of different cell types has been achieved by pseudotyping of viral vectors with capsids from different serotypes and modification of nonviral vectors with targeting ligands. Both classes of vectors are discussed with respect to their gene delivery and expression efficiencies, longevity of expression and immunogenicity. Moreover, gene therapy clinical trials for different lung diseases are discussed.
Collapse
|