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Gupta VK, Sahu L, Sonwal S, Suneetha A, Kim DH, Kim J, Verma HK, Pavitra E, Raju GSR, Bhaskar L, Lee HU, Huh YS. Advances in biomedical applications of vitamin D for VDR targeted management of obesity and cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117001. [PMID: 38936194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,25(OH)2D3 is a fat-soluble vitamin, involved in regulating Ca2+ homeostasis in the body. Its storage in adipose tissue depends on the fat content of the body. Obesity is the result of abnormal lipid deposition due to the prolonged positive energy balance and increases the risk of several cancer types. Furthermore, it has been associated with vitamin D deficiency and defined as a low 25(OH)2D3 blood level. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 plays vital roles in Ca2+-Pi and glucose metabolism in the adipocytes of obese individuals and regulates the expressions of adipogenesis-associated genes in mature adipocytes. SCOPE AND APPROACH The present contribution focused on the VDR mediated mechanisms interconnecting the obese condition and cancer proliferation due to 1,25(OH)2D3-deficiency in humans. This contribution also summarizes the identification and development of molecular targets for VDR-targeted drug discovery. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Several studies have revealed that cancer development in a background of 1,25(OH)2D3 deficient obesity involves the VDR gene. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3 is also known to influence several cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and adhesion. The multifaceted physiology of obesity has improved our understanding of the cancer therapeutic targets. However, currently available anti-cancer drugs are notorious for their side effects, which have raised safety issues. Thus, there is interest in developing 1,25(OH)2D3-based therapies without any side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gupta
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Lipina Sahu
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Achanti Suneetha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh 520010, India
| | - Dong Hyeon Kim
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jigyeong Kim
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Eluri Pavitra
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lvks Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009, India.
| | - Hyun Uk Lee
- Division of Material Analysis and Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Muglia L, Di Dio M, Filicetti E, Greco GI, Volpentesta M, Beccacece A, Fabbietti P, Lattanzio F, Corsonello A, Gembillo G, Santoro D, Soraci L. Biomarkers of chronic kidney disease in older individuals: navigating complexity in diagnosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1397160. [PMID: 39055699 PMCID: PMC11269154 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1397160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older individuals is a matter of growing concern in the field of public health across the globe. Indeed, prevalence of kidney function impairment increases with advancing age and is often exacerbated by age-induced modifications of kidney function, presence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disorders, and increased burden related to frailty, cognitive impairment and sarcopenia. Accurate assessment of CKD in older individuals is crucial for timely intervention and management and relies heavily on biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring. However, the interpretation of these biomarkers in older patients may be complex due to interplays between CKD, aging, chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes. Biomarkers such as serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and albuminuria can be significantly altered by systemic inflammation, metabolic changes, and medication use commonly seen in this population. To overcome the limitations of traditional biomarkers, several innovative proteins have been investigated as potential, in this review we aimed at consolidating the existing data concerning the geriatric aspects of CKD, describing the challenges and considerations in using traditional and innovative biomarkers to assess CKD in older patients, highlighting the need for integration of the clinical context to improve biomarkers' accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Muglia
- Centre for Biostatistics and Applied Geriatric Clinical Epidemiology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona and Cosenza, Italy
| | - Michele Di Dio
- Unit of Urology, Department of Surgery, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Elvira Filicetti
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giada Ida Greco
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Mara Volpentesta
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Alessia Beccacece
- Centre for Biostatistics and Applied Geriatric Clinical Epidemiology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona and Cosenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Fabbietti
- Centre for Biostatistics and Applied Geriatric Clinical Epidemiology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona and Cosenza, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Lattanzio
- Scientific Direction, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Corsonello
- Centre for Biostatistics and Applied Geriatric Clinical Epidemiology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona and Cosenza, Italy
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Cosenza, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, School of Medicine and Digital Technologies, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Guido Gembillo
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Soraci
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Cosenza, Italy
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Heitman K, Alexander MS, Faul C. Skeletal Muscle Injury in Chronic Kidney Disease-From Histologic Changes to Molecular Mechanisms and to Novel Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5117. [PMID: 38791164 PMCID: PMC11121428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with significant reductions in lean body mass and in the mass of various tissues, including skeletal muscle, which causes fatigue and contributes to high mortality rates. In CKD, the cellular protein turnover is imbalanced, with protein degradation outweighing protein synthesis, leading to a loss of protein and cell mass, which impairs tissue function. As CKD itself, skeletal muscle wasting, or sarcopenia, can have various origins and causes, and both CKD and sarcopenia share common risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, and age. While these pathologies together with reduced physical performance and malnutrition contribute to muscle loss, they cannot explain all features of CKD-associated sarcopenia. Metabolic acidosis, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance and the accumulation of uremic toxins have been identified as additional factors that occur in CKD and that can contribute to sarcopenia. Here, we discuss the elevation of systemic phosphate levels, also called hyperphosphatemia, and the imbalance in the endocrine regulators of phosphate metabolism as another CKD-associated pathology that can directly and indirectly harm skeletal muscle tissue. To identify causes, affected cell types, and the mechanisms of sarcopenia and thereby novel targets for therapeutic interventions, it is important to first characterize the precise pathologic changes on molecular, cellular, and histologic levels, and to do so in CKD patients as well as in animal models of CKD, which we describe here in detail. We also discuss the currently known pathomechanisms and therapeutic approaches of CKD-associated sarcopenia, as well as the effects of hyperphosphatemia and the novel drug targets it could provide to protect skeletal muscle in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Heitman
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Mineral Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Matthew S. Alexander
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Center for Exercise Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Civitan International Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Christian Faul
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Mineral Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
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Sanchez-Tocino ML, Cigarrán S, Ureña P, González-Casaus ML, Mas-Fontao S, Gracia-Iguacel C, Ortíz A, Gonzalez-Parra E. Definition and evolution of the concept of sarcopenia. Nefrologia 2024; 44:323-330. [PMID: 38945744 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and dynapenia are two terms associated with ageing that respectively define the loss of muscle mass and strength. In 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) introduced the EWGSOP2 diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenia, which integrates both concepts. It consists of 4 sequential steps: screening for sarcopenia, examination of muscle strength, assessment of muscle mass and physical performance; depending on these last 3 aspects sarcopenia is categorised as probable, confirmed, and severe respectively. In the absence of validation of the EWGSOP2 algorithm in various clinical contexts, its use in haemodialysis poses several limitations: (a) low sensitivity of the screening, (b) the techniques that assess muscle mass are not very accessible, reliable, or safe in routine clinical care, (c) the sequential use of the magnitudes that assess dynapenia and muscle mass do not seem to adequately reflect the muscular pathology of the elderly person on dialysis. We reflect on the definition of sarcopenia and the use of more precise terms such as "myopenia" (replacing the classic concept of sarcopenia to designate loss of muscle mass), dynapenia and kratopenia. Prospective evaluation of EWGSOP2 and its comparison with alternatives (i.e. assessment of kratopenia and dynapenia only; steps 2 and 4) is proposed in terms of its applicability in clinical routine, resource consumption, identification of at-risk individuals and impact on events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Secundino Cigarrán
- Servicio de Nefrología, Unidad ERCA, Hospital Público da Mariña, Burela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Pablo Ureña
- Departamento de Diálisis, AURA Nord Saint Ouen, París, France; Departamento de Fisiología Renal, Necker Hospital, Universidad de París Descartes, París, France
| | | | - Sebastian Mas-Fontao
- Laboratorio de patología renal y diabetes, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz/CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Ortíz
- Servicio de Nefrología e Hipertensión, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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Das A, Jawla N, Meena V, Gopinath SD, Arimbasseri GA. Lack of vitamin D signalling shifts skeletal muscles towards oxidative metabolism. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:67-80. [PMID: 38041597 PMCID: PMC10834326 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mice lacking vitamin D receptor (VDR) exhibit a glycogen storage disorder, disrupting carbohydrate utilization in muscle. Here, we asked if the defective carbohydrate metabolism alters the fat utilization by the skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice. METHODS To check the effect of high-fat-containing diets on muscle mass and metabolism of vdr-/- mice, we subjected them to two different milk fat-based diets (milk fat diet with 60% of energy from milk fat and milk-based diet [MBD] with 37% of energy from milk fat) and lard-based high-fat diet (HFD) containing 60% of energy from lard fat. Skeletal muscles and pancreas from these mice were analysed using RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot to understand the changes in signalling and metabolic pathways. Microscopic analyses of cryosections stained with haematoxylin and eosin, BODIPY, succinate dehydrogenase and periodic acid-Schiff reagent were performed to understand changes in morphology and metabolism of muscle fibres and pancreatic islets. RESULTS Transcriptomic analyses showed that the skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice exhibit upregulation of the fatty acid oxidation pathways, suggesting a shift towards increased lipid utilization even in a carbohydrate-enriched regular chow diet (chow). Two different milk fat-enriched diets restored body weight (12.01 ± 0.33 g in chow vs. 17.99 ± 0.62 g in MBD) and muscle weights (38.58 ± 3.84 mg in chow vs. 110.72 ± 1.96 mg in MBD for gastrocnemius [GAS]) of vdr-/- mice. Muscle ATP levels (0.56 ± 0.18 μmol in chow vs. 1.48 ± 0.08 μmol in MBD) and protein synthesis (0.25 ± 0.04 A.U. in chow vs. 2.02 ± 0.06 A.U. in MBD) were upregulated by MBD. However, despite increasing muscle energy levels, HFD failed to restore the muscle mass and cross-sectional area to that of wild-type (WT) mice (104.95 ± 2.6 mg for WT mice on chow vs. 77.26 ± 1.7 mg for vdr-/- mice on HFD for GAS). Moreover, HFD disrupted glucose homeostasis in vdr-/- mice, while MBD restored it. We further analysed insulin response and pancreatic insulin levels of these mice to show that HFD led to reduced insulin levels in pancreatic beta cells of vdr-/- mice (mean intensity of 1.5 × 10-8 for WT mice on chow vs. 4.3 × 10-9 for vdr-/- mice on HFD). At the same time, MBD restored glucose-stimulated pancreatic insulin response (mean intensity of 9.2 × 10-9 ). CONCLUSIONS Skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice are predisposed to utilize fatty acids as their primary energy source to circumvent their defective carbohydrate utilization. Thus, HFDs could restore energy levels in the skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice. This study reveals that when mice are subjected to a lard-based HFD, VDR signalling is essential for maintaining insulin levels in pancreatic islets. Our data show a critical role of VDR in muscle metabolic flexibility and pancreatic insulin response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamica Das
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Neha Jawla
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Vaidehee Meena
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
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Albright JA, Chang K, Byrne RA, Quinn MS, Meghani O, Daniels AH, Owens BD. A Diagnosis of Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Increased Rates of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears and Reconstruction Failure. Arthroscopy 2023; 39:2477-2486. [PMID: 37127241 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the association between a diagnosis of hypovitaminosis D and primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and revision ACLR in different sex and age cohorts. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study of the PearlDiver claims database, records were queried between January 1, 2011, and October 31, 2018 for all patients aged 10 to 59 years who received a diagnosis of hypovitaminosis D. Rates of primary ACL tears, primary reconstruction, and revision reconstruction were calculated for sex- and age-specific cohorts and compared with a control of patients without a diagnosis of hypovitaminosis D. Incidence rates for primary ACL injuries were calculated, and multivariable logistic regression was used to compare rates of ACL injury, primary reconstruction, and revision reconstruction while controlling for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and several other comorbidities. RESULTS Among the 328,011 patients (mean age 41.9 ± 12.6 years, 65.8% female) included in both the hypovitaminosis D and control cohorts, the incidence of ACL tears was 115.2 per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 107.2-123.7) compared with 61.0 (95% CI 55.2-67.2) in the demographic- and comorbidity-matched control cohort. The study cohort was significantly more likely to suffer an ACL tear over a 1- (aOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.41-1.99, P < .001) and 2-year (aOR 1.81, 95% CI 1.59-2.06, P < .001) period. This trend remained for both male patients at the 1- (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.29-2.14, P < .001) and 2-year (aOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.37-2.06, P < .001) mark and female patients at the 1- (aOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.33-2.14, P < .001) and 2-year (aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.51-2.14, P < .001) mark. Finally, patients with vitamin D deficiency had a significantly increased likelihood of undergoing a revision ACLR within 2 years of a primary reconstruction (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.55, P = .012). CONCLUSIONS This study reports an association between patients previously diagnosed with hypovitaminosis D and significantly increased rates of both index ACL tears (81% increase within 2 years of diagnosis) and revision ACLR (28% within 2 years). These results identify a population with increased odds of injury and provide valuable knowledge as we expand our understanding of the relationship between vitamin D and musculoskeletal health. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, retrospective database study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alex Albright
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A.
| | - Kenny Chang
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
| | - Rory A Byrne
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
| | - Matthew S Quinn
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
| | - Ozair Meghani
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
| | - Alan H Daniels
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
| | - Brett D Owens
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
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Chandankere V, Konanki R, Maryada VR, Reddy AVG. Impact of COVID lockdown: Increased prevalence of symptomatic Vitamin D deficiency in adolescents. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2023; 47:102316. [PMID: 38196497 PMCID: PMC10772364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2023.102316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID lockdown in India, which lasted for more than a year, all schools were closed and children were homebound. When the lockdown was lifted, we observed an increased prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency(VDD) in adolescents. We want to highlight the effect of home lockdown on adolescents, which can predispose such children to VDD. Aim To document the increased prevalence of symptomatic VDD in adolescents after COVID lockdown and to study the symptoms, biochemical abnormalities, and response to therapy in this subset. Methods This prospective observational study was done from November 2021 to May 2022 with a minimum follow-up of six months. Inclusions Consecutive children presenting with gait abnormalities, proximal myopathy, and pains, with documented VDD. Exclusion: Genetic, neuromuscular disorders, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, chronic renal failure, thyroid disorders and those on anti-epileptic medications and vitamin D supplementation in the past 6 months were excluded from the study. We recorded the symptomatology, biochemical abnormalities, and muscle weakness and followed their improvement after Vitamin D and Calcium supplementation. Results A statistically significant increase in symptomatic VDD in adolescents, in six months post-lockdown was noted. Thirty-one adolescents between 9 to 14 years were studied. All cases were relieved of pain and muscle power normalized in 12 weeks. Conclusion Prolonged house arrest may cause VDD in adolescents. Physicians should consider VDD in adolescents with myopathy and pain after pandemic lockdowns. Supplementation of Vitamin D and calcium resolves most symptoms except deformities. Follow-up is needed until growth spurt completion for recurrence of symptoms.
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Mori R, Mae M, Yamanaka H, Kato S, Masuyama R. Locomotor function of skeletal muscle is regulated by vitamin D via adenosine triphosphate metabolism. Nutrition 2023; 115:112117. [PMID: 37531790 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During musculoskeletal development, the vitamin D endocrine system is crucial, because vitamin D-dependent calcium absorption is a major regulator of bone growth. Because exercise regimens depend on bone mass, the direct action of active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]) on musculoskeletal performance should be determined. METHODS To evaluate the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on muscle tissue, the vitamin D receptor (Vdr) gene was genetically inactivated in mouse skeletal muscle and the role of 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling on locomotor function was assessed. The direct action of 1,25(OH)2D3 on muscle development was determined using cultured C2C12 cells with myogenic differentiation. RESULTS The lack of Vdr activity in skeletal muscle decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, suggesting that the skeletal muscle performance depended on 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling. Bone phenotypes, reduced femoral bone mineral density, and accelerated osteoclast bone resorption were confirmed in mice lacking skeletal muscle Vdr activity. In vitro study revealed that the treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased the cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-to-adenosine monophosphate ratio without reducing ATP production. Remarkably, protein expressions of connexin 43, an ATP releaser to extracellular space, and ATP metabolizing enzyme ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 were increased responding to 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. Furthermore, the concentration of pyrophosphate in the culture medium, which inhibits tissue calcification, was increased with 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. In the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling, calcium accumulation was suppressed in both muscle samples isolated from mice and in cultured C2C12 cells. CONCLUSIONS This study dissected the physiological functions of 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR signaling in muscle and revealed that regulation of ATP dynamics is involved in sustaining locomotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Mori
- Graduate School of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Megumi Mae
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hitoki Yamanaka
- Division of Animal Research, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kato
- Health Sciences Research Center, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan; Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Masuyama
- Graduate School of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
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Agoncillo M, Yu J, Gunton JE. The Role of Vitamin D in Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration in Animal Models and Humans: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4377. [PMID: 37892452 PMCID: PMC10609905 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency, prevalent worldwide, is linked to muscle weakness, sarcopenia, and falls. Muscle regeneration is a vital process that allows for skeletal muscle tissue maintenance and repair after injury. PubMed and Web of Science were used to search for studies published prior to May 2023. We assessed eligible studies that discussed the relationship between vitamin D, muscle regeneration in this review. Overall, the literature reports strong associations between vitamin D and skeletal myocyte size, and muscle regeneration. In vitro studies in skeletal muscle cells derived from mice and humans showed vitamin D played a role in regulating myoblast growth, size, and gene expression. Animal studies, primarily in mice, demonstrate vitamin D's positive effects on skeletal muscle function, such as improved grip strength and endurance. These studies encompass vitamin D diet research, genetically modified models, and disease-related mouse models. Relatively few studies looked at muscle function after injury, but these also support a role for vitamin D in muscle recovery. The human studies have also reported that vitamin D deficiency decreases muscle grip strength and gait speed, especially in the elderly population. Finally, human studies reported the benefits of vitamin D supplementation and achieving optimal serum vitamin D levels in muscle recovery after eccentric exercise and surgery. However, there were no benefits in rotator cuff injury studies, suggesting that repair mechanisms for muscle/ligament tears may be less reliant on vitamin D. In summary, vitamin D plays a crucial role in skeletal muscle function, structural integrity, and regeneration, potentially offering therapeutic benefits to patients with musculoskeletal diseases and in post-operative recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Agoncillo
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Josephine Yu
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Jenny E. Gunton
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney 2145, Australia
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Liu S, Zhang L, Li S. Advances in nutritional supplementation for sarcopenia management. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1189522. [PMID: 37492597 PMCID: PMC10365293 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1189522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by a decline in muscular mass, strength, and function with advancing age. The risk of falls, fragility, hospitalization, and death is considerably increased in the senior population due to sarcopenia. Although there is no conclusive evidence for drug treatment, resistance training has been unanimously recognized as a first-line treatment for managing sarcopenia, and numerous studies have also pointed to the combination of nutritional supplementation and resistance training as a more effective intervention to improve quality of life for people with sarcopenia. People with both malnutrition and sarcopenia have a higher mortality rate, so identifying people at risk of malnutrition and intervening early is extremely important to avoid sarcopenia and its associated problems. This article provides important information for dietary interventions in sarcopenia by summarizing the discoveries and developments of nutritional supplements such as protein, leucine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, omega-3 fatty acids, creatine, inorganic nitrate, probiotics, minerals, collagen peptides, and polyphenols in the management of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Liu
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuangqing Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Multimorbidity Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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11
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Sudharma AA, Siginam S, Husain GM, Mullapudi SV, Ismail A. ATROPHIC REMODELING OF THE HEART DURING VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND INSUFFICIENCY IN A RAT MODEL. J Nutr Biochem 2023:109382. [PMID: 37209952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with skeletal muscle wasting and impaired cardiac function in humans and animals. However, the molecular events that cause cardiac dysfunction in VDD are poorly understood, and therefore, therapeutic approaches are limited. In the present study, we investigated the effects of VDD on heart function with an emphasis on signaling pathways that regulate anabolism/catabolism in cardiac muscle. A Vitamin D deficient or insufficient rat model was employed. Heart electrical activity was measured by electrocardiography. Gene expression was monitored by qPCR, while protein expression was assessed by western blotting. Catalytic activities of the proteasome, lysosomal cathepsin activity, and apoptotic caspases were measured by fluorimetry. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency led to cardiac arrhythmia, a decrease in heart weight, and an increase in apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis. Ex-vivo cultures of atria revealed an increase in total protein degradation and a decrease in de-novo protein synthesis. The catalytic activities of the major proteolytic systems: ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy-lysosome, and calpains were upregulated in the heart of VDD and insufficient rats. In contrast, the mTOR pathway that regulates protein synthesis was suppressed. These catabolic events were exacerbated by a decrease in the expression of myosin heavy chain and troponin genes, as well as decreased expression and activities of metabolic enzymes. These latter changes occurred despite the activation of the energy sensor, AMPK. Our results provide, compelling evidence for cardiac atrophy in Vitamin D deficient rats. Unlike the skeletal muscle, the heart responded to VDD by activating all three proteolytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gulam M Husain
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Ayesha Ismail
- Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
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12
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Ekşi MŞ, Orhun Ö, Demir YN, Kara M, Berikol G, Özcan-Ekşi EE. Are serum thyroid hormone, parathormone, calcium, and vitamin D levels associated with lumbar spine degeneration? A cross-sectional observational clinical study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023; 32:1561-1574. [PMID: 36976340 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07673-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low back pain (LBP) impairs the quality of life and rises healthcare costs. The association of spine degeneration and LBP with metabolic disorders have been reported, previously. However, metabolic processes related with spine degeneration remained unclear. We aimed to analyze whether serum thyroid hormones, parathormone, calcium, and vitamin D levels were associated with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), Modic changes, and fatty infiltration in the paraspinal muscles. METHODS We cross-sectionally analyzed a retrospective database. Patients who visited internal medicine outpatient clinics with suspect of endocrine disorders and chronic LBP were searched. Patients with biochemistry results within 1 week before lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. Age- and gender-matched cohorts were made-up and analyzed. RESULTS Patients with higher serum free thyroxine levels were more likely to have severe IVDD. They were also more likely to have fattier multifidus and erector spinae at upper lumbar levels, less fatty psoas and less Modic changes at lower lumbar levels. Higher PTH levels were observed in patients with severe IVDD at L4-L5 level. Patients with lower serum vitamin D and calcium levels had more Modic changes and fattier paraspinal muscles at upper lumbar levels. CONCLUSION Serum hormone, vitamin D, and calcium levels were associated with not only IVDD and Modic changes but also with fatty infiltration in the paraspinal muscles, mainly at upper lumbar levels in patients with symptomatic backache presenting to a tertiary care center. Complex inflammatory, metabolic, and mechanical factors present in the backstage of spine degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Şakir Ekşi
- Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, FSM Training and Research Hospital, Neurosurgery Clinic, Göztepe Mah. Mesire Sok. Tütüncü Mehmet Efendi Cad. No: 3/34 Kadıkoy, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ömer Orhun
- School of Medicine, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaren Nur Demir
- School of Medicine, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müjdat Kara
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gürkan Berikol
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Ece Özcan-Ekşi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Simões E Silva AC, Oliveira EA, Cheung WW, Mak RH. Redox Signaling in Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Cachexia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040945. [PMID: 37107320 PMCID: PMC10136196 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox signaling alterations contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated cachexia. This review aims to summarize studies about redox pathophysiology in CKD-associated cachexia and muscle wasting and to discuss potential therapeutic approaches based on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules to restore redox homeostasis. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems of antioxidant molecules have been studied in experimental models of kidney diseases and patients with CKD. Oxidative stress is increased by several factors present in CKD, including uremic toxins, inflammation, and metabolic and hormone alterations, leading to muscle wasting. Rehabilitative nutritional and physical exercises have shown beneficial effects for CKD-associated cachexia. Anti-inflammatory molecules have also been tested in experimental models of CKD. The importance of oxidative stress has been shown by experimental studies in which antioxidant therapies ameliorated CKD and its associated complications in the 5/6 nephrectomy model. Treatment of CKD-associated cachexia is a challenge and further studies are necessary to investigate potential therapies involving antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Wai W Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert H Mak
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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14
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Colonetti T, Grande AJ, da Rocha FR, Ronconi Dondossola E, Tuon L, Gomes Batista Teles H, Minotto Bom B, Colonetti L, da Rosa MI. Whey protein and vitamin D supplementation in institutionalized older adults: A randomized trial. Nutr Health 2023; 29:129-138. [PMID: 34894861 DOI: 10.1177/02601060211060665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The increase in life expectancy and in the number of individuals over 60 years old brings new demands to health professionals and services based on the physiological changes that occur in this population. The aging process results in changes in body composition, increasing body fat and reducing muscle mass, in addition to a reduction in bone mass. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of whey protein and vitamin D supplementation on body composition and skeletal muscle in older adults living in long-term care facilities. Methods: This study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Thirty older adults (>60 years old) were randomized and allocated in three groups: group receiving resistance training and supplementation receiving resistance training, whey protein and vitamin D; group received resistance and placebo training receiving resistance training and placebo, and control group without any intervention. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Results: The mean age was 74.87 (± 8.14) years. A significant difference (p = 0.042) was observed between the group receiving resistance training and supplementation and control groups in relation to lean mass increase (kg) at 24 weeks. After 24 weeks of intervention, there was a significant increase in Relative index of muscle mass for the two groups that underwent resistance training, group received resistance and placebo training (p = 0.042) and group receiving resistance training and supplementation (p = 0.045), in relation to the control. Conclusion: Combined supplementation of whey protein and vitamin D with resistance training can significantly improve lean mass, total mass, and relative index of muscle mass in institutionalized older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamy Colonetti
- Laboratory of Biomedicine Translational, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Antônio Jose Grande
- Laboratory of evidence-based practice, 67708Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Franciani Rodrigues da Rocha
- Laboratory of Biomedicine Translational, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ronconi Dondossola
- Laboratory of Biomedicine Translational, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Tuon
- Graduate Program in Public Health, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Hajiv Gomes Batista Teles
- Residency program in Family health, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruno Minotto Bom
- Graduate Program in Public Health, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Laura Colonetti
- Laboratory of Biomedicine Translational, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês da Rosa
- Laboratory of Biomedicine Translational, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Public Health, 97853Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
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15
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Wierzbicka A, Świątkiewicz M, Tyra M, Szmatoła T, Oczkowicz M. Effect of different doses of cholecalciferol and calcidiol on meat quality parameters and skeletal muscle transcriptome profiles in swine. Meat Sci 2023; 197:109071. [PMID: 36512856 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.109071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue is one of the potential targets for vitamin D actions. There are indications that vitamin D supplementation to swine has a positive effect on meat quality. However, these issues need further study, especially in terms of response to the use of different forms of vitamin D. We carried out a multi-purpose study to compare the effects of cholecalciferol and calcidiol on meat quality and muscle tissue transcriptome. Meat quality assessment and gene expression analysis were performed on longissimus dorsi samples collected from swine fed grower/finisher diets containing 2000 IU cholecalciferol/1500 IU cholecalciferol per kg (n = 8), 3000 IU cholecalciferol/2500 IU cholecalciferol per kg (n = 10), 2000 IU cholecalciferol +1000 IU calcidiol/1500 IU cholecaliferol +1000 IU calcidiol per kg (n = 8), and 2000 IU calcidiol/1500 IU calcidiol per kg (n = 8). The results suggest that increasing the dose of cholecalciferol and using calcidiol in the diet of finishers may improve meat texture parameters (shear force P = 0,014, toughness P = 0,048, cohesiveness P = 0,017, resilience P = 0,002). Shear force (68.46 N-51.42 N) and toughness (145.85 N-114.52 N) decreased the most under the effect of increasing cholecalciferol dosage. In turn, cohesiveness (0.60 N-0.65 N) and resilience (0.23 N-0.28 N) increased most strongly under the use of cholecalciferol+calcidiol. Moreover, the results indicate no significant effect of increasing cholecalciferol dose and use calcidiol in the swine diet on muscle tissue transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Wierzbicka
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Świątkiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Tyra
- Department of Pig Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Szmatoła
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, The University of Agriculture in Kraków, Rędzina 1c, 30 248 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Maria Oczkowicz
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
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Sánchez-Tocino ML, Mas-Fontao S, Gracia-Iguacel C, Pereira M, González-Ibarguren I, Ortiz A, Arenas MD, Parra EG. A Sarcopenia Index Derived from Malnutrition Parameters in Elderly Haemodialysis Patients. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051115. [PMID: 36904114 PMCID: PMC10005100 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Persons with chronic kidney disease may have sarcopenia characterized by the loss of muscle mass and loss of muscle strength. However, EWGSOP2 criteria to diagnose sarcopenia are technically challenging, especially in elderly persons on hemodialysis. Sarcopenia may be associated with malnutrition. We aimed at defining a sarcopenia index derived from malnutrition parameters for use in elderly haemodialysis patients. (2) Methods: A retrospective study of 60 patients aged 75 to 95 years treated with chronic hemodialysis was conducted. Anthropometric and analytical variables, EWGSOP2 sarcopenia criteria and other nutrition-related variables were collected. Binomial logistic regressions were used to define the combination of anthropometric and nutritional parameters that best predict moderate or severe sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2, and performance for moderate and severe sarcopenia was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. (3) Results: The combination of loss of strength, loss of muscle mass and low physical performance correlated with malnutrition. We developed regression-equation-related nutrition criteria that predicted moderate sarcopenia (elderly hemodialysis sarcopenia index-moderate, EHSI-M) and severe sarcopenia (EHSI-S) diagnosed according to EWGSOP2 with an AUC of 0.80 and 0.866, respectively. (4) Conclusions: There is a close relationship between nutrition and sarcopenia. The EHSI may identify EWGSOP2-diagnosed sarcopenia from easily accessible anthropometric and nutritional parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Mas-Fontao
- Servicio de Nefrología e Hipertensión, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Gracia-Iguacel
- Servicio de Nefrología e Hipertensión, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Pereira
- Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - I. González-Ibarguren
- Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
| | - A. Ortiz
- Servicio de Nefrología e Hipertensión, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. D. Arenas
- Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. González Parra
- Servicio de Nefrología e Hipertensión, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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17
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Wada T, Miyazawa Y, Ikurumi M, Fuse K, Okekawa A, Onogi Y, Saito S, Tsuneki H, Sasaoka T. A transdermal treatment with MC903 ameliorates diet-induced obesity by reducing visceral fat and increasing myofiber thickness and energy consumption in mice. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:10. [PMID: 36774476 PMCID: PMC9921322 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM MC903 is a synthetic derivative of vitamin D3 that has been designed to diminish its impact on calcium metabolism and is clinically used as a transdermal reagent for psoriasis. Animal studies showed that an oral or intraperitoneal vitamin D3 treatment prevented the development of obesity. In contrast, the bioavailability of orally administered vitamin D3 is reported to be low in obese patients. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the impact of a transdermal treatment with MC903 in established obese mice. We further studied the underlying mechanisms of MC903-mediated metabolic improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed standard chow or a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 7 weeks, and a transdermal treatment with MC903 on the ear auricle was initiated thereafter. The metabolic profiles of mice were analyzed during 4 weeks of treatment, and mice were dissected for histological and gene expression analyses. The direct impacts of MC903 and vitamin D3 were investigated using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes in vitro. RESULTS HFD-fed mice showed significant increases in body and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) weights with enlarged adipocytes. They exhibited glucose intolerance, decreased oxygen consumption, and chronic inflammation in eWAT. The transdermal treatment with MC903 significantly ameliorated these metabolic abnormalities in HFD-fed mice without affecting food consumption. In accordance with enhanced energy metabolism, myofiber diameters and the expression of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle were significantly increased in MC903-treated HFD mice. In addition, vitamin D3 and MC903 both suppressed adipogenic differentiation and enhanced lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and increased UCP3 expression in cultured C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, MC903 increased oxygen consumption and UCP3 knockdown significantly decreased them in C2C12 myotubes. CONCLUSIONS A transdermal treatment with MC903 increased myofiber diameter and energy metabolism and decreased visceral fat accumulation, thereby improving obesity and glucose intolerance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Wada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Miyazawa
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194 Japan
| | - Misa Ikurumi
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194 Japan
| | - Kento Fuse
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194 Japan
| | - Akira Okekawa
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Onogi
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194 Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XResearch Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuneki
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194 Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Integrative Pharmacology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Sasaoka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Dechsupa S, Yingsakmongkol W, Limthongkul W, Singhatanadgige W, Jitjumnong M, Honsawek S. Vitamin D Inadequacy Affects Skeletal Muscle Index and Physical Performance in Lumbar Disc Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043152. [PMID: 36834562 PMCID: PMC9962334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is one of the fundamental causes of low back pain. The aims of this study were to determine serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and physical performance and to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels, muscle strength and physical activity in elderly patients with LDD. The participants were 200 LDD patients, including 155 females and 45 males aged 60 years and over. Data on body mass index and body composition were collected. Serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone levels were measured. Serum 25(OH)D was classified into the insufficiency group: <30 ng/mL and the sufficiency group: ≥30 ng/mL. Muscle strength was assessed by grip strength, and physical performance (short physical performance battery) was evaluated by the balance test, chair stand test, gait speed, and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Serum 25(OH)D levels in LDD patients with vitamin D insufficiency were significantly lower than in those with vitamin D sufficiency (p < 0.0001). LDD patients with vitamin D insufficiency had a prolonged time in physical performance on gait speed (p = 0.008), chair stand test (p = 0.013), and TUG test (p = 0.014) compared to those with vitamin D sufficiency. Additionally, we found that serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly correlated with gait speed (r = -0.153, p = 0.03) and TUG test (r = -0.168, p = 0.017) in LDD patients. No significant associations with serum 25(OH)D status were observed for grip strength and balance tests among patients. These findings demonstrate that higher serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with better physical performance in LDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinsuda Dechsupa
- Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Worawat Limthongkul
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Manassanan Jitjumnong
- Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: address:
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dos Santos M, de Souza Silva JM, Bartikoski BJ, Freitas EC, Busatto A, do Espírito Santo RC, Monticielo OA, Xavier RM. Vitamin D supplementation modulates autophagy in the pristane-induced lupus model. Adv Rheumatol 2022; 62:27. [DOI: 10.1186/s42358-022-00261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/objectives
Clinical evidence of skeletal muscle involvement is not uncommon in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Because of the poor understanding of signaling pathways involved in SLE muscle wasting, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on skeletal muscle in mice with pristane-induced lupus.
Methods
Balb/c mice with lupus-like disease induced by pristane injection were randomized into three groups: pristane-induced lupus (PIL; n = 10), pristane-induced lupus + vitamin D supplementation (PIL + VD; n = 10) and healthy controls (CO; n = 8). Physical function was evaluated on days 0, 60, 120 and 180. The tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles were collected to evaluate myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and protein expression.
Results
The PIL + VD group showed lower muscle strength compared to the CO and PIL groups at different time points. PIL mice showed similar myofiber CSA compared to CO and PIL + VD groups. LC3-II expression was higher in PIL compared to CO and PIL + VD groups. MyoD expression was higher in PIL mice compared to PIL + VD, while myostatin expression was higher in PIL + VD than PIL group. Myogenin expression levels were decreased in the PIL + VD group compared with the CO group. The Akt, p62 and MuRF expressions and mobility assessment showed no significance.
Conclusions
Changes in skeletal muscle in PIL model happen before CSA reduction, possibly due to autophagy degradation, and treatment with Vitamin D has a impact on physical function by decreasing muscle strength and time of fatigue.. Vitamin D supplementation has a potential role modulating physical parameters and signaling pathways in muscle during pristane-induced lupus model.
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Bollen SE, Bass JJ, Fujita S, Wilkinson D, Hewison M, Atherton PJ. The Vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis in muscle atrophy and sarcopenia. Cell Signal 2022; 96:110355. [PMID: 35595176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy and sarcopenia (the term given to the age-related decline in muscle mass and function), influence an individuals risk of falls, frailty, functional decline, and, ultimately, impaired quality of life. Vitamin D deficiency (low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3)) has been reported to impair muscle strength and increase risk of sarcopenia. The mechanisms that underpin the link between low 25(OH)D3 and sarcopenia are yet to be fully understood but several lines of evidence have highlighted the importance of both genomic and non-genomic effects of active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3)) and its nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR), in skeletal muscle functioning. Studies in vitro have demonstrated a key role for the vitamin D/VDR axis in regulating biological processes central to sarcopenic muscle atrophy, such as proteolysis, mitochondrial function, cellular senescence, and adiposity. The aim of this review is to provide a mechanistic overview of the proposed mechanisms for the vitamin D/VDR axis in sarcopenic muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Bollen
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK.
| | - Joseph J Bass
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Daniel Wilkinson
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Martin Hewison
- Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK.
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21
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Oku Y, Noda S, Yamada A, Nakaoka K, Goseki-Sone M. wenty-eight days of vitamin D restriction and/or a high-fat diet influenced bone mineral density and body composition in young adult female rats. Ann Anat 2022; 243:151945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.151945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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22
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Das A, Gopinath SD, Arimbasseri GA. Systemic ablation of vitamin D receptor leads to skeletal muscle glycogen storage disorder in mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:467-480. [PMID: 34877816 PMCID: PMC8818613 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency leads to pathologies of multiple organ systems including skeletal muscle. Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency exhibit muscle weakness and are susceptible to frequent falls. Mice lacking a functional vitamin D receptor (VDR) develop severe skeletal muscle atrophy immediately after weaning. But the root cause of myopathies when vitamin D signalling is impaired is unknown. Because vitamin D deficiency leads to metabolic changes as well, we hypothesized that the skeletal muscle atrophy in mice lacking VDR may have a metabolic origin. METHODS We analysed wild-type (WT) mice as well as vitamin D receptor null (vdr-/-) mice for skeletal muscle proteostasis, energy metabolism, systemic glucose homeostasis, and muscle glycogen levels. Dysregulation of signalling pathways as well as the glycogen synthesis and utilization machinery were also analysed using western blots. qRT-PCR assays were performed to understand changes in mRNA levels. RESULTS Skeletal muscles of vdr-/- exhibited higher expression levels of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases and showed increased protein ubiquitination, suggesting up-regulation of protein degradation. Foxo1 transcription factor was activated in vdr-/- while Foxo3 factor was unaffected. Fasting protein synthesis as well as mTORC1 pathways were severely down-regulated in vdr-/- mice. Skeletal muscle ATP levels were low in vdr-/- (0.58 ± 0.18 μmol/mL vs. 1.6 ± 0.0.14 μmol/mL, P = 0.006), leading to increased AMPK activity. Muscle energy deprivation was not caused by decreased mitochondrial activity as we found the respiratory complex II activity in vdr-/- muscles to be higher compared with WT (0.29 ± 0.007 mU/μL vs. 0.16 ± 0.005 mU/μL). vdr-/- mice had lower fasting blood glucose levels (95 ± 14.5 mg/dL vs. 148.6 ± 6.1 mg/dL, P = 0.0017) while they exhibited hyperlactataemia (7.42 ± 0.31 nmol/μL vs. 4.95 ± 0.44 nmol/μL, P = 0.0032), suggesting systemic energy deficiency in these mice. Insulin levels in these mice were significantly lower in response to intraperitoneal glucose injection (0.69 ± 0.08 pg/mL vs. 1.11 ± 0.09 pg/mL, P = 0.024). Skeletal muscles of these mice exhibit glycogen storage disorder characterized by increased glycogen accumulation. The glycogen storage disorder in vdr-/- muscles is driven by increased glycogen synthase activity and decreased glycogen phosphorylase activity. Increased glycogenin expression supports higher levels of glycogen synthesis in these muscles. CONCLUSIONS The results presented show that lack of vitamin D signalling leads to a glycogen storage defect in the skeletal muscles, which leads to muscle energy deprivation. The inability of vdr-/- skeletal muscles to use glycogen leads to systemic defects in glucose homeostasis, which in turn leads to proteostasis defects in skeletal muscles and atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamica Das
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Suchitra D Gopinath
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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23
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The Biological Role of Vitamins in Athletes’ Muscle, Heart and Microbiota. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031249. [PMID: 35162272 PMCID: PMC8834970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity, combined with adequate nutrition, is considered a protective factor against cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, and intestinal dysbiosis. Achieving optimal performance requires a significantly high energy expenditure, which must be correctly supplied to avoid the occurrence of diseases such as muscle injuries, oxidative stress, and heart pathologies, and a decrease in physical performance during competition. Moreover, in sports activities, the replenishment of water, vitamins, and minerals consumed during training is essential for safeguarding athletes’ health. In this scenario, vitamins play a pivotal role in numerous metabolic reactions and some muscle biochemical adaptation processes induced by sports activity. Vitamins are introduced to the diet because the human body is unable to produce these micronutrients. The aim of this review is to highlight the fundamental role of vitamin supplementation in physical activity. Above all, we focus on the roles of vitamins A, B6, D, E, and K in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disorders, muscle injuries, and regulation of the microbiome.
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24
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Girgis CM, Brennan-Speranza TC. Vitamin D and Skeletal Muscle: Current Concepts From Preclinical Studies. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10575. [PMID: 34950830 PMCID: PMC8674777 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness has been recognized as a hallmark feature of vitamin D deficiency for many years. Until recently, the direct biomolecular effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle have been unclear. Although in the past, some reservations have been raised regarding the expression of the vitamin D receptor in muscle tissue, this special issue review article outlines the clear evidence from preclinical studies for not only the expression of the receptor in muscle but also the roles of vitamin D activity in muscle development, mass, and strength. Additionally, muscle may also serve as a dynamic storage site for vitamin D, and play a central role in the maintenance of circulating 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels during periods of low sun exposure. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Girgis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology Westmead Hospital Sydney NSW Australia.,Department of Endocrinology Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Tara C Brennan-Speranza
- Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,School of Medical Sciences University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,School of Public Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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25
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Yu MD, Zhang HZ, Zhang Y, Yang SP, Lin M, Zhang YM, Wu JB, Hong FY, Chen WX. Relationship between chronic kidney disease and sarcopenia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20523. [PMID: 34654871 PMCID: PMC8520007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99592-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and mild to moderate renal decline. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sarcopenia. In total, 123 patients hospitalized with CKD and 57 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination during the same period (control group) were analyzed. Body compositions were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the relative appendicular skeletal muscle index (RASMI) was calculated. Muscular strength was evaluated using hydraulic hand dynamometer. Walking speed within 6 m was measured for muscular function assessment. Single-photon emission computed tomography was performed to measure the glomerular filtration rate of CKD patients, who were then divided into CKD1 (55 patients in CKD stages 1 and 2) and CKD2 (68 patients in CKD stages 3-5). RASMI showed a downward trend with CKD progression (P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and CKD progression were independent risk factors for sarcopenia. The morbidity of sarcopenia was significantly greater in CKD patients than in healthy volunteers, and the degree of muscle loss was closely related to CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Dian Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134. Dongjie Street, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Zhang
- Department of B-Mode Ultrasound, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Jin Shan Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134. Dongjie Street, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Sheng-Ping Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134. Dongjie Street, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Miao Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Yan-Min Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134. Dongjie Street, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jia-Bin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Fu-Yuan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
| | - Wen-Xin Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134. Dongjie Street, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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26
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Jales Neto LH, Hounkpe BW, Fernandes GH, Takayama L, Caparbo VF, Lopes NH, Pereira AC, Pereira RM. Transcriptomic analysis of elderly women with low muscle mass: association with immune system pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20992-21008. [PMID: 34493690 PMCID: PMC8457609 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the well-established association of gene expression deregulation with low muscle mass (LMM), the associated biological mechanisms remain unclear. Transcriptomic studies are capable to identify key mediators in complex diseases. We aimed to identify relevant mediators and biological mechanisms associated with age-related LMM. LMM-associated genes were detected by logistic regression using microarray data of 20 elderly women with LMM and 20 age and race-matched controls extracted from our SPAH Study (GSE152073). We performed weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA) that correlated the identified gene modules with laboratorial characteristics. Gene enrichment analysis was performed and an LMM predictive model was constructed using Support Vector Machine (SVM). Overall, 821 discriminating transcripts clusters were identified (|beta coefficient| >1; p-value <0.01). From this list, 45 predictors of LMM were detected by SVM and validated with 0.7 of accuracy. Our results revealed that the well-described association of inflammation, immunity and metabolic alterations is also relevant at transcriptomic level. WGCNA highlighted a correlation of genes modules involved in immunity pathways with vitamin D level (R = 0.63, p = 0.004) and the Agatston score (R = 0.51, p = 0.02). Our study generated a predicted regulatory network and revealed significant metabolic pathways related to aging processes, showing key mediators that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi H. Jales Neto
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bidossessi W. Hounkpe
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Georgea H. Fernandes
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Liliam Takayama
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Valéria F. Caparbo
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Neuza H.M. Lopes
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa M.R. Pereira
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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27
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Ajime TT, Serré J, Wüst RCI, Burniston JG, Maes K, Janssens W, Troosters T, Gayan-Ramirez G, Degens H. The combination of smoking with vitamin D deficiency impairs skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy in response to overload in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:339-351. [PMID: 34080919 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00733.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency, which is highly prevalent in the general population, exerts similar deleterious effects on skeletal muscles to those induced by cigarette smoking. We examined whether cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and/or vitamin D deficiency impairs the skeletal muscle hypertrophic response to overload. Male C57Bl/6JolaH mice on a normal or vitamin D-deficient diet were exposed to CS or room air for 18 wk. Six weeks after initiation of smoke or air exposure, sham surgery or denervation of the agonists of the left plantaris muscle was performed. The right leg served as internal control. Twelve weeks later, the hypertrophic response was assessed. CS exposure instigated loss of body and muscle mass, and increased lung inflammatory cell infiltration (P < 0.05), independently of diet. Maximal exercise capacity, whole body strength, in situ plantaris muscle force, and key markers of hypertrophic signaling (Akt, 4EBP1, and FoxO1) were not significantly affected by smoking or diet. The increase in plantaris muscle fiber cross-sectional area in response to overload was attenuated in vitamin D-deficient CS-exposed mice (smoking × diet interaction for hypertrophy, P = 0.03). In situ fatigue resistance was elevated in hypertrophied plantaris, irrespective of vitamin D deficiency and/or CS exposure. In conclusion, our data show that CS exposure or vitamin D deficiency alone did not attenuate the hypertrophic response of overloaded plantaris muscles, but this hypertrophic response was weakened when both conditions were combined. These data suggest that current smokers who also present with vitamin D deficiency may be less likely to respond to a training program.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Plantaris hypertrophy caused by compensatory overload after denervation of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles showed increased mass and fiber dimensions, but to a lesser extent when vitamin D deficiency was combined with cigarette smoking. Fatigue resistance was elevated in hypertrophied plantaris, irrespective of diet or smoking, whereas physical fitness, hypertrophic markers, and in situ plantaris force were similar. These data showed that the hypertrophic response to overload is attenuated when both conditions are combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Tanjeko Ajime
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jef Serré
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jatin G Burniston
- Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Maes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thierry Troosters
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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28
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Watson EL, Wilkinson TJ, O'Sullivan TF, Baker LA, Gould DW, Xenophontos S, Graham-Brown M, Major R, Jenkinson C, Hewison M, Philp A, Smith AC. Association between vitamin D deficiency and exercise capacity in patients with CKD, a cross-sectional analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 210:105861. [PMID: 33675951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is growing for a role of vitamin D in regulating skeletal muscle mass, strength and functional capacity. Given the role the kidneys play in activating total vitamin D, and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), it is possible that deficiency contributes to the low levels of physical function and muscle mass in these patients. METHODS This is a secondary cross-sectional analysis of previously published interventional study, with in vitro follow up work. 34 CKD patients at stages G3b-5 (eGFR 25.5 ± 8.3 mL/min/1.73m2; age 61 ± 12 years) were recruited, with a sub-group (n = 20) also donating a muscle biopsy. Vitamin D and associated metabolites were analysed in plasma by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectroscopy and correlated to a range of physiological tests of muscle size, function, exercise capacity and body composition. The effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 supplementation on myogenesis and myotube size was investigated in primary skeletal muscle cells from vitamin D deficient donors. RESULTS In vivo, there was no association between total or active vitamin D and muscle size or strength, but a significant correlation with V̇O2Peak was seen with total vitamin D (25OHD). in vitro, 1α,25(OH)2D3 supplementation reduced IL-6 mRNA expression, but had no effect upon proliferation, differentiation or myotube diameter. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency is not a prominent factor driving the loss of muscle mass in CKD, but may play a role in reduced exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Watson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Tom F O'Sullivan
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Luke A Baker
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas W Gould
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Matt Graham-Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rupert Major
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Carl Jenkinson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Philp
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, New South Wales, Australia; UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alice C Smith
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
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29
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Yoon JH, Kwon KS. Receptor-Mediated Muscle Homeostasis as a Target for Sarcopenia Therapeutics. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:478-490. [PMID: 34218646 PMCID: PMC8258343 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by age-related decline of skeletal muscle mass and function. The molecular mechanisms of the pathophysiology of sarcopenia form a complex network due to the involvement of multiple interconnected signaling pathways. Therefore, signaling receptors are major targets in pharmacological strategies in general. To provide a rationale for pharmacological interventions for sarcopenia, we herein describe several druggable signaling receptors based on their role in skeletal muscle homeostasis and changes in their activity with aging. A brief overview is presented of the efficacy of corresponding drug candidates under clinical trials. Strategies targeting the androgen receptor, vitamin D receptor, Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, and ghrelin receptor primarily focus on promoting anabolic action using natural ligands or mimetics. Strategies involving activin receptors and angiotensin receptors focus on inhibiting catabolic action. This review may help to select specific targets or combinations of targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyeon Yoon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Aventi Inc., Daejeon, Korea
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30
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Does vitamin D status influence lumbar disc degeneration and low back pain in postmenopausal women? A retrospective single-center study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 27:586-592. [PMID: 32049928 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) in postmenopausal women and the epidemiologic factors affecting low back pain (LBP). METHODS Between July 2017 and December 2018, 232 participants were retrospectively enrolled. Serum concentrations of bone turnover markers were measured using electrochemiluminescence assays. Disc degeneration was evaluated using the Pfirrmann grading system. Other variables were assessed using relevant questionnaires. RESULTS The mean age of the women was 65.6 ± 10.1 and their serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 19.38 ± 9.21 ng/mL. The prevalences of severe vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/mL) and normal status (>30 ng/mL) were 12.9% and 12.5%, respectively. The severely deficient group had higher visual analog scale (VAS) scores for LBP (P = 0.002) and lower bone mineral density T scores (P = 0.004) than the other groups. Lower 25(OH)D concentration (<10 ng/mL) was significantly associated with more severe LDD in the lumbosacral region (L4-S1, L1-S1, P < 0.05), but less so in the upper lumbar region. There was an inverse relationship between vitamin D concentration and the severity of disc degeneration (L2-L3, L4-S1, L1-S1, P < 0.05). After adjustment for confounding factors, smoking, vitamin D deficiency, lack of vitamin D supplementation, high body mass index, and low bone mineral density T score were associated with higher incidence of moderate-to-severe pain in postmenopausal women (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency is associated with LDD and LBP in postmenopausal women. Specifically, a serum vitamin D concentration < 10 ng/mL is a marker of severe LDD and LBP. Smoking, severe vitamin D deficiency, lack of vitamin D supplementation, high body mass index, and osteoporosis are associated with a higher prevalence of moderate-to-severe pain.
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31
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Bulgakova SV, Treneva EV, Zakharova NO. Hypovitaminosis D in the elderly: relationship with sarcopenia and dementia (review of literature). Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:5-9. [PMID: 33567166 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2021-66-1-5-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The growth in the world population of elderly and senile people provokes interest in the processes and mechanisms leading to aging and age-associated diseases. Hypovitaminosis D is common in geriatric patients and has been suggested by a number of authors as a cause of diseases such as dementia and sarcopenia. This literature review is devoted to the analysis of the role of vitamin D in the development of the above diseases, their prevention and treatment.
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32
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Bass JJ, Kazi AA, Deane CS, Nakhuda A, Ashcroft SP, Brook MS, Wilkinson DJ, Phillips BE, Philp A, Tarum J, Kadi F, Andersen D, Garcia AM, Smith K, Gallagher IJ, Szewczyk NJ, Cleasby ME, Atherton PJ. The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo. J Physiol 2021; 599:963-979. [PMID: 33258480 PMCID: PMC7986223 DOI: 10.1113/jp280652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Reduced vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression prompts skeletal muscle atrophy. Atrophy occurs through catabolic processes, namely the induction of autophagy, while anabolism remains unchanged. In response to VDR-knockdown mitochondrial function and related gene-set expression is impaired. In vitro VDR knockdown induces myogenic dysregulation occurring through impaired differentiation. These results highlight the autonomous role the VDR has within skeletal muscle mass regulation. ABSTRACT Vitamin D deficiency is estimated to affect ∼40% of the world's population and has been associated with impaired muscle maintenance. Vitamin D exerts its actions through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), the expression of which was recently confirmed in skeletal muscle, and its down-regulation is linked to reduced muscle mass and functional decline. To identify potential mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy, we studied the impact of VDR knockdown (KD) on mature skeletal muscle in vivo, and myogenic regulation in vitro in C2C12 cells. Male Wistar rats underwent in vivo electrotransfer (IVE) to knock down the VDR in hind-limb tibialis anterior (TA) muscle for 10 days. Comprehensive metabolic and physiological analysis was undertaken to define the influence loss of the VDR on muscle fibre composition, protein synthesis, anabolic and catabolic signalling, mitochondrial phenotype and gene expression. Finally, in vitro lentiviral transfection was used to induce sustained VDR-KD in C2C12 cells to analyse myogenic regulation. Muscle VDR-KD elicited atrophy through a reduction in total protein content, resulting in lower myofibre area. Activation of autophagic processes was observed, with no effect upon muscle protein synthesis or anabolic signalling. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis identified systematic down-regulation of multiple mitochondrial respiration-related protein and genesets. Finally, in vitro VDR-knockdown impaired myogenesis (cell cycling, differentiation and myotube formation). Together, these data indicate a fundamental regulatory role of the VDR in the regulation of myogenesis and muscle mass, whereby it acts to maintain muscle mitochondrial function and limit autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Bass
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Abid A. Kazi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyPennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA
| | - Colleen S. Deane
- Department of Sport and Health SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
- Living Systems InstituteUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Asif Nakhuda
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Stephen P. Ashcroft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Matthew S. Brook
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Daniel J. Wilkinson
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Bethan E. Phillips
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Andrew Philp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Mitochondrial Metabolism & Ageing Laboratory, Diabetes and Metabolism DivisionGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchNew South WalesAustralia
- St Vincent's Medical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSWSydneyAustralia
| | - Janelle Tarum
- School of Health SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Fawzi Kadi
- School of Health SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Ditte Andersen
- Molecular Physiology of Diabetes LaboratoryDepartment of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
| | - Amadeo Muñoz Garcia
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchThe University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Department of Bioinformatics – BiGCaTNUTRIM School of Nutrition and Metabolism in Translational ResearchMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Ken Smith
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Iain J. Gallagher
- Physiology, Exercise and Nutrition Research GroupFaculty of Health Sciences and SportUniversity of StirlingStirlingUK
| | - Nathaniel J. Szewczyk
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Mark E. Cleasby
- Molecular Physiology of Diabetes LaboratoryDepartment of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Bollen SE, Atherton PJ. Myogenic, genomic and non-genomic influences of the vitamin D axis in skeletal muscle. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:48-59. [PMID: 33037688 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite vitamin D-deficiency clinically presenting with myopathy, muscle weakness and atrophy, the mechanisms by which vitamin D exerts its homeostatic effects upon skeletal muscle remain to be fully established. Recent studies have shown that the receptor by which 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2 D3 ) exerts its biological actions (ie, the vitamin D receptor, VDR) elicits both genomic and non-genomic effects upon skeletal muscle. The controversy surrounding skeletal muscle VDR mRNA/protein expression in post-natal muscle has been allayed by myriad recent studies, while dynamic expression of VDR throughout myogenesis, and association of higher VDR levels during muscle regeneration/immature muscle cells, suggests a role in myogenesis and perhaps an enrichment of VDR in satellite cells. Accordingly, in vitro studies have demonstrated 1,25(OH)2 D3 is anti-proliferative in myoblasts, yet pro-differentiation in latter stages of myogenesis. These effects involve modulation of gene expression (VDR as a transcriptional co-activator controls ~3% of the genome) and post-genomic intracellular signalling for example, via c-Src and alterations to intramuscular calcium homeostasis and proteostasis. The aim of this review is to consider the biomolecular role for the vitamin D/VDR axis in myogenesis, while also exploring global evidence for genomic and non-genomic mechanisms of action for 1,25(OH)2 D3 /VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Bollen
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
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Inglis JE, Fernandez ID, van Wijngaarden E, Culakova E, Reschke JE, Kleckner AS, Lin PJ, Mustian KM, Peppone LJ. Effects of High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Phase Angle and Physical Function in Patients with Prostate Cancer on ADT. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1882-1889. [PMID: 32911988 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1819348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is commonly used to treat patients with advanced prostate cancer but is associated with functional decline. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle may reflect frailty and functional decline in cancer patients. High-dose vitamin D supplementation may improve phase angle values and physical function. METHODS We conducted an exploratory analysis from a phase II randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in prostate cancer patients (age ≥ 60 yrs). Fifty-nine patients were randomized to high-dose vitamin D (600 IU/day plus 50,000 IU/week) or low-dose: RDA for vitamin D (600 IU/day plus placebo weekly) for 24 weeks. Phase angle was measured by BIA. Physical function measures included handgrip strength, 6-minute walk test, Short Performance Physical Battery and leg extension. All testing was completed at baseline, week 12 and week 24. RESULTS Phase angle values were wider over the entire study in the high-dose vitamin D arm indicating healthier muscle cells. The low-dose vitamin D arm had phase angle values consistent with frailty cutoffs in older men (<5.7°). CONCLUSION Patients in the high-dose vitamin D arm experienced wider phase angle values over the course of the study which may indicate less frailty. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02064946.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Inglis
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Isabel D Fernandez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Edwin van Wijngaarden
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Eva Culakova
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer E Reschke
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Amber S Kleckner
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Po-Ju Lin
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Karen M Mustian
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Luke J Peppone
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Rochester, New York, USA
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Yang A, Lv Q, Chen F, Wang Y, Liu Y, Shi W, Liu Y, Wang D. The effect of vitamin D on sarcopenia depends on the level of physical activity in older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:678-689. [PMID: 32020783 PMCID: PMC7296263 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sarcopenia in older adults is closely related to vitamin D deficiency and reduced levels of physical activity, but little has been reported on the interaction between physical activity and the positive effects of vitamin D. The purpose of this study was to explore the interactive effect of vitamin D and physical activity on muscle mass and function through animal experiments and population surveys. METHODS Male 4-week-old C57BL/6J mice were fed different purified diets: a vitamin D-deficient diet (with increased calcium and phosphorus to prevent the effects of abnormal mineral levels on muscle) or a 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D)-supplemented diet. After 24 weeks on the assigned diets, the mice were immobilized. The level of skeletal muscle atrophy in the mice was determined by grip strength, gastrocnemius (GA) muscle mass and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA); additionally, the protein expression levels of FOXO3a and the E3 ubiquitin ligases MuRF1 and MAFbx were detected. A cross-sectional study included data from 4139 older adults (64.9% women, 67.9 ± 6.7 years) as part of a survey in Shenyang, Northeast China. The associations of serum 25(OH)D3 and physical activity with timed up and go test (TUG) performance, handgrip strength, calf circumference, and body muscle mass were assessed by a linear regression analysis that was adjusted for covariates. RESULTS In activity-limited mice, vitamin D deficiency accelerated the decrease in GA muscle weight, muscle fiber CSA, and grip strength and increased the protein expression of MuRF1, MAFbx, and FOXO3a (all P < 0.05). In addition, 1,25D supplementation may inhibit the grip-strength reduction induced by limited activity (P = 0.069). Serum 25(OH)D3 and physical activity were linearly related to TUG time (P < 0.001) and handgrip strength (P < 0.05) after adjustment for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), education level, smoking status, and serum calcium level. Serum 25(OH)D3 and physical activity had interactive effects on TUG (P < 0.001) and handgrip strength (P < 0.05) but not calf circumference or body muscle mass in older adults. CONCLUSIONS The effect of vitamin D on muscle strength and physical performance depends on physical activity level in the elderly. It is recommended that older adults strive to avoid both physical inactivity and vitamin D deficiency. Because physical inactivity and vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate muscle atrophy, the biological mechanism may involve synergistic effects of vitamin D and physical activity on the promotion of muscle protein ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aolin Yang
- Nutrition Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingqing Lv
- Nutrition Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingfang Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wanying Shi
- Nutrition Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Mahmoud AR, Kamel EO, Ahmed MA, Ahmed EA, Abd-Elhamid TH. Alleviation of Simvastatin-Induced Myopathy in Rats by the Standardized Extract of Ginkgo Biloba (EGb761): Insights into the Mechanisms of Action. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 208:158-176. [PMID: 32369804 DOI: 10.1159/000507048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins are the most widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Statin-induced myopathy is the major side effect of this class of drugs. Here, we studied whether standardized leaf extracts of ginkgo biloba (EGb761) would improve simvastatin (SIM)-induced muscle changes. Sixty Wistar rats were allotted into six groups: control group, vehicle group receiving 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for 30 days, SIM group receiving 80 mg/kg/day SIM in 0.5% CMC orally for 30 days, SIM withdrawal group treated with SIM for 16 days and sacrificed 14 days later, and EGb761-100 and EGb761-200 groups posttreated with either 100 or 200 mg/kg/day EGb761 orally. Muscle performance on the rotarod, serum creatine kinase (CK), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), serum and muscle nitrite, muscle malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were estimated. Additionally, muscle samples were processed for histopathological evaluation. We found that SIM decreased muscle performance on the rotarod, serum CoQ10, as well as muscle SOD and CAT activities while it increased serum CK, serum and muscle nitrite, as well as muscle MDA levels. SIM also induced sarcoplasmic vacuolation, splitting of myofibers, disorganization of sarcomeres, and disintegration of myofilaments. In contrast, posttreatment with EGb761 increased muscle performance, serum CoQ10, as well as muscle SOD and CAT activities while it reduced serum CK as well as serum and muscle nitrite levels in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, EGb761 reversed SIM-induced histopathological changes with better results obtained by its higher dose. Interestingly, SIM withdrawal increased muscle performance on the rotarod, reduce serum CK and CoQ10, and reduced serum and muscle nitrite while it reversed SIM-induced histopathological changes. However, SIM withdrawal was not effective enough to restore their normal values. Additionally, SIM withdrawal did not improve SIM-induce muscle MDA, SOD, or CAT activities during the period studied. Our results suggest that EGb761 posttreatment reversed SIM-induces muscle changes possibly through its antioxidant effects, elevation of CoQ10 levels, and antagonizing mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany R Mahmoud
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam Omar Kamel
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Esraa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Hamdy Abd-Elhamid
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt,
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Barker T, Fulde G, Moulton B, Nadauld LD, Rhodes T. An elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio associates with weight loss and cachexia in cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7535. [PMID: 32371869 PMCID: PMC7200806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is present during and serves as a diagnostic tool for cancer-associated cachexia and is detrimental to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in non-cancer conditions. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a desirable measure of systemic inflammation because it is easily calculated from a routine complete blood cell count with differentials. We sought to determine if an elevation in the NLR associates with greater weight loss, cachexia, and lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in patients with advanced cancer. Advanced colon, lung, and prostate cancer patients (stages III/IV; n = 50) were retrospectively studied and separated into one of two groups: 1) Above (n = 25) or 2) Below (n = 25) the median NLR of 3.15 determined at diagnosis. Around the time of diagnosis, serum 25(OH)D and body weight were assessed, while body weight was assessed again at a later date. Weight loss and cachexia were significantly (both p < 0.05) greater and there was a trend (p < 0.10) for lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the Above group. We conclude that an elevation in the NLR associates with greater weight loss and cachexia, and potentially, a lower serum 25(OH)D concentration in patients with advanced colon, lung, or prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Barker
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, St. George, UT 84790, USA. .,Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Gail Fulde
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, St. George, UT 84790, USA
| | - Bryce Moulton
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, St. George, UT 84790, USA
| | - Lincoln D Nadauld
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, St. George, UT 84790, USA.,School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Terence Rhodes
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, St. George, UT 84790, USA
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Read E, Fu M, Pei Y, Wu L, Wang R, Yang G. Golgi Stress Response, Hydrogen Sulfide Metabolism, and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:583-601. [PMID: 31870162 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The physiological and pathological importance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a novel gasotransmitter has been widely recognized. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) is one of the major H2S-producing enzymes and it regulates diverse functions in connection with intracellular calcium (Ca2+). The aim of this study is to examine the role of H2S in Golgi stress-related cell injury and skeletal muscle disorders. Results: Golgi stressors (brefeldin A [BFA] and monensin) decreased the expression of GM130 and ATP2C1 (two markers of Golgi stress response), induced Golgi apparatus fragmentation, and caused a higher level of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in mouse myoblast cells. In addition, Golgi stressors upregulated CSE expression and endogenous H2S generation, and exogenously applied H2S was able to protect but inhibition of CSE/H2S system deteriorated Golgi stress response. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) acted as an upstream molecule to increase CSE expression on Golgi stress response. Mechanically, Golgi stressors induced intracellular level of Ca2+, and chelating cellular Ca2+ markedly attenuated Golgi stress response, indicating the key role of Ca2+ in initiating Golgi stress and cell apoptosis. Further, administration of either angiotensin II or BFA initiated Golgi stress response and induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice, which was further deteriorated by CSE deficiency but rescued by exogenously applied sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS). Innovation and Conclusion: The activation of the CSE/H2S pathway and the decrease of intracellular Ca2+ are two cellular protective mechanisms against Golgi stress, and the CSE/H2S system would be a target for preventing skeletal muscle dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Ethan Read
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Ming Fu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Rui Wang
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
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Gogulothu R, Nagar D, Gopalakrishnan S, Garlapati VR, Kallamadi PR, Ismail A. Disrupted expression of genes essential for skeletal muscle fibre integrity and energy metabolism in Vitamin D deficient rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 197:105525. [PMID: 31705962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D, a secosteroid that regulates mineral homeostasis via its actions in intestine, bone, kidneys and parathyroid glands, has many other target tissues, including skeletal muscle. In the present study, we used rats to examine if diet-induced vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency altered protein synthesis in muscle via the mTOR pathway, and impaired skeletal muscle quality by changing expression of genes needed for its function. Vitamin D deficiency resulted in reduced levels of phosphorylated mTOR, and suppressed mTOR-dependent phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and p70-S6K, implying a decrease in activity of the protein synthesis machinery. These changes were coupled with up regulation of genes that are negative regulators of muscle growth (Fbxo32 & Trim63), leading to a net loss of skeletal muscle mass. Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency also led to a decrease in expression of both myosin and actin-associated proteins (Myh1, Myh2, Myh7, Tnnc1& Tnnt1), which are essential for generation of the mechanical force needed for muscle contraction. We also detected a decrease in expression of glycolytic and oxidative enzyme genes (Hk2, Pfkm, Cs, Pdk4 & βHad) and transcriptional coactivator genes (Ppargc-1α & Ppargc-1β) which indicate a low oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle in the vitamin D deficient state. Furthermore, decreased citrate synthase activity corroborates a decrease in mitochondrial density and aerobic capacity of the muscle. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that chronic vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency reduced the size of skeletal muscle fibres, altered their composition, and decreased their oxidative potential. Most of the changes observed were reversible, either partially or completely, by restoring vitamin D to the diet of the deficient rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Gogulothu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Devika Nagar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Venkat R Garlapati
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Ayesha Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
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Hypovitaminosis D and Aging: Is There a Role in Muscle and Brain Health? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030628. [PMID: 32121008 PMCID: PMC7146116 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The older-adult population is constantly increasing, hence aging and mechanisms leading to aging are a topic raising increasing interest. Hypovitaminosis D is common amongst old patients and has been proposed as causative of several chronic diseases. Here we review the role of hypovitaminosis D and vitamin D supplementation in sarcopenia and dementia, from bench to bedside.
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41
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Rodrigues GGC, Dellê H, Brito RBO, Cardoso VO, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Cunha RS, Stinghen AEM, Dalboni MA, Barreto FC. Indoxyl Sulfate Contributes to Uremic Sarcopenia by Inducing Apoptosis in Myoblasts. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:21-29. [PMID: 32086105 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJETIVE Uremic sarcopenia is a complication of chronic kidney disease, particularly in its later stages, which leads to musculoskeletal disability. Uremic toxins have been linked to the pathogenesis of several manifestations of uremic syndrome. We sought to investigate whether indoxyl sulphate (IS), a protein-bound uremic toxin, is implicated in the development of uremic sarcopenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Myoblasts were exposed to IS at normal (0.6 mg/L, IS0.6), uremic (53 mg/L, IS53) or maximum uremic (236 mg/L, IS236) concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 h. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay and by 7-aminoactinomycin D staining. ROS generation and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. MyoD and myogenin mRNA expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR and myosin heavy chain expression by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Myoblast viability was reduced by IS236 in a time-dependent pattern (p <0.05; 84.4, 68.0, and 63.6%). ROS production was significantly higher (p <0.05) in cells exposed to IS53 and IS236 compared to control (untreated cells). The apoptosis rate was significantly higher in cells treated with IS53 and IS236 than in control after 48h (p <0.05; 4.7 ± 0.1% and 4.6 ± 0.3% vs. 3.1 ± 0.1%, respectively) and 72h (p <0.05; 9.6 ± 1.1% and 10.4 ± 0.3% vs. 3.1 ± 0.7%, respectively). No effect was observed on MyoD, myogenin, myosin heavy chain expression, and markers of myoblast differentiation at any IS concentration tested or time-point experiment. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that IS has direct toxic effects on myoblast by decreasing its viability and increasing cell apoptosis. IS may be a potential target for treating uremic sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Humberto Dellê
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Regiane Stafim Cunha
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fellype Carvalho Barreto
- Nephrology Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
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Abstract
Sarcopenia, the age-dependent decline of muscle mass and performance, is a common condition among elderly population and is related to numerous adverse health outcomes. Due to the effect of sarcopenia on quality of life, disability, and mortality, a greater awareness is important in order to correctly recognize the condition both in community and geriatric settings. Research on sarcopenia prevention and treatment is growing quickly, but many questions are still unanswered. The core of the sarcopenia state includes quantitative and qualitative declines of skeletal muscle. These two aspects should therefore be considered when designing and examining preventive and therapeutic interventions. The role of vitamin D in skeletal muscle metabolism has been highlighted in recent years. The interest arises from the important findings of studies indicating multiple impacts of vitamin D on this tissue, which can be divided into genomic (direct impacts) and non-genomic impacts (indirect impacts). Another important dimension to be considered in the study of vitamin D and muscle fiber metabolism is associated with different expressions of the vitamin D receptor, which differs in muscle tissue, depending on age, gender, and pathology. Vitamin D inadequacy or deficiency is related to muscle fiber atrophy, elevated risk of chronic musculoskeletal pain, sarcopenia, and falls. This review describes the effect of vitamin D in skeletal muscle tissue function and metabolism and includes discussion of possible mechanisms in skeletal muscle.
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Girgis CM. Vitamin D and Skeletal Muscle: Emerging Roles in Development, Anabolism and Repair. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 106:47-57. [PMID: 31312865 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This special issue article will focus on morphologic and functional roles of vitamin D in muscle, from strength to contraction to development and ageing and will characterise the controversy of VDR's expression in skeletal muscle, central to our understanding of vitamin D's effects on this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Girgis
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Seldeen KL, Pang M, Leiker MM, Bard JE, Rodríguez-Gonzalez M, Hernandez M, Sheridan Z, Nowak N, Troen BR. Chronic vitamin D insufficiency impairs physical performance in C57BL/6J mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:1338-1355. [PMID: 29905532 PMCID: PMC6046224 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25-OH vitamin D < 30 ng/ml) affects 70-80% of the general population, yet the long-term impacts on physical performance and the progression of sarcopenia are poorly understood. We therefore followed 6-month-old male C57BL/6J mice (n=6) consuming either sufficient (STD, 1000 IU) or insufficient (LOW, 125 IU) vitamin D3/kg chow for 12 months (equivalent to 20-30 human years). LOW supplemented mice exhibited a rapid decline of serum 25-OH vitamin D levels by two weeks that remained between 11-15 ng/mL for all time points thereafter. After 12 months LOW mice displayed worse grip endurance (34.6 ± 14.1 versus 147.5 ± 50.6 seconds, p=0.001), uphill sprint speed (16.0 ± 1.0 versus 21.8 ± 2.4 meters/min, p=0.0007), and stride length (4.4 ± 0.3 versus 5.1 ± 0.3, p=0.002). LOW mice also showed less lean body mass after 8 months (57.5% ± 5.1% versus 64.5% ± 4.0%, p=0.023), but not after 12 months of supplementation, as well as greater protein expression of atrophy pathway gene atrogin‑1. Additionally, microRNA sequencing revealed differential expression of mIR‑26a in muscle tissue of LOW mice. These data suggest chronic vitamin D insufficiency may be an important factor contributing to functional decline and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth L Seldeen
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Manhui Pang
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Merced M Leiker
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jonathan E Bard
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Maria Rodríguez-Gonzalez
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Mireya Hernandez
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Zachary Sheridan
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Norma Nowak
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Bruce R Troen
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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Kirk B, Al Saedi A, Duque G. Osteosarcopenia: A case of geroscience. Aging Med (Milton) 2019; 2:147-156. [PMID: 31942528 PMCID: PMC6880711 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many older persons lose their mobility and independence due to multiple diseases occurring simultaneously. Geroscience is aimed at developing innovative approaches to better identify relationships among the biological processes of aging. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are two of the most prevalent chronic diseases in older people, with both conditions sharing overlapping risk factors and pathogenesis. When occurring together, these diseases form a geriatric syndrome termed "osteosarcopenia," which increases the risk of frailty, hospitalizations, and death. Findings from basic and clinical sciences aiming to understand osteosarcopenia have provided evidence of this syndrome as a case of geroscience. Genetic, endocrine, and mechanical stimuli, in addition to fat infiltration, sedentarism, and nutritional deficiencies, affect muscle and bone homeostasis to characterize this syndrome. However, research is in its infancy regarding accurate diagnostic markers and effective treatments with dual effects on muscle and bone. To date, resistance exercise remains the most promising strategy to increase muscle and bone mass, while sufficient quantities of protein, vitamin D, calcium, and creatine may preserve these tissues with aging. More recent findings, from rodent models, suggest treating ectopic fat in muscle and bone marrow as a possible avenue to curb osteosarcopenia, although this needs testing in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Kirk
- Department of MedicineWestern HealthMelbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Ahmed Al Saedi
- Department of MedicineWestern HealthMelbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of MedicineWestern HealthMelbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVic.Australia
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Ferri E, Casati M, Cesari M, Vitale G, Arosio B. Vitamin D in physiological and pathological aging: Lesson from centenarians. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019; 20:273-282. [PMID: 31654261 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-019-09522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that exerts a pleiotropic action on a wide spectrum of tissues, apparatuses and systems. Thus, vitamin D has assumed an increasingly dominant role as a key determinant of biological mechanisms and specific clinical conditions. Older people frequently present vitamin D deficiency, a status potentially influencing several mechanisms responsible for different age-related diseases. Centenarians symbolize the ideal model for investigating the peculiar traits of longevity, as they have reached an age close to the estimated limit of the human lifespan. Interestingly, despite the profound heterogeneity of centenarians in terms of health status, all these people share the same condition of severe vitamin D deficiency, suggesting that they may have implemented a number of adaptive strategies to cope with the age-related physiological derangement of vitamin D metabolism. The lesson deriving from centenarians' experience suggests that: i) severe vitamin D deficiency does not preclude the possibility of reaching extreme longevity, ii) strategies to prevent hypovitaminosis D may be useful to slow down the processes of "fragilization" occurring in aged people, iii) beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation need to be confirmed regarding longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Ferri
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Casati
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratorio Sperimentale di Ricerche di Neuroendocrinologia Geriatrica ed Oncologica, Milan, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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Abstract
Vitamin D receptor expression and associated function have been reported in various muscle models, including C2C12, L6 cell lines and primary human skeletal muscle cells. It is believed that 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active form of vitamin D, has a direct regulatory role in skeletal muscle function, where it participates in myogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, regulation of protein synthesis and mitochondrial metabolism through activation of various cellular signalling cascades, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway(s). It has also been suggested that 1,25(OH)2D3 and its associated receptor have genomic targets, resulting in regulation of gene expression, as well as non-genomic functions that can alter cellular behaviour through binding and modification of targets not directly associated with transcriptional regulation. The molecular mechanisms of vitamin D signalling, however, have not been fully clarified. Vitamin D inadequacy or deficiency is associated with muscle fibre atrophy, increased risk of chronic musculoskeletal pain, sarcopenia and associated falls, and may also decrease RMR. The main purpose of the present review is to describe the molecular role of vitamin D in skeletal muscle tissue function and metabolism, specifically in relation to proliferation, differentiation and protein synthesis processes. In addition, the present review also includes discussion of possible genomic and non-genomic pathways of vitamin D action.
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Dzik KP, Kaczor JJ. Mechanisms of vitamin D on skeletal muscle function: oxidative stress, energy metabolism and anabolic state. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:825-839. [PMID: 30830277 PMCID: PMC6422984 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review provides a current perspective on the mechanism of vitamin D on skeletal muscle function with the emphasis on oxidative stress, muscle anabolic state and muscle energy metabolism. It focuses on several aspects related to cellular and molecular physiology such as VDR as the trigger point of vitamin D action, oxidative stress as a consequence of vitamin D deficiency. METHOD The interaction between vitamin D deficiency and mitochondrial function as well as skeletal muscle atrophy signalling pathways have been studied and clarified in the last years. To the best of our knowledge, we summarize key knowledge and knowledge gaps regarding the mechanism(s) of action of vitamin D in skeletal muscle. RESULT Vitamin D deficiency is associated with oxidative stress in skeletal muscle that influences the mitochondrial function and affects the development of skeletal muscle atrophy. Namely, vitamin D deficiency decreases oxygen consumption rate and induces disruption of mitochondrial function. These deleterious consequences on muscle may be associated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) action. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the development of muscle atrophy. The possible signalling pathway triggering the expression of Atrogin-1 involves Src-ERK1/2-Akt- FOXO causing protein degradation. CONCLUSION Based on the current knowledge we propose that vitamin D deficiency results from the loss of VDR function and it could be partly responsible for the development of neurodegenerative diseases in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Patrycja Dzik
- Department of Neurobiology of Muscle, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Kazimierza Gorskiego 1, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jan Jacek Kaczor
- Department of Neurobiology of Muscle, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Kazimierza Gorskiego 1, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland.
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49
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Influence of dietary vitamin D deficiency on bone strength, body composition, and muscle in ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat diet. Nutrition 2019; 60:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Iolascon G, Mauro GL, Fiore P, Cisari C, Benedetti MG, Panella L, De Sire A, Calafiore D, Moretti A, Gimigliano F. Can vitamin D deficiency influence muscle performance in postmenopausal women? A multicenter retrospective study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2018; 54:676-682. [PMID: 28696084 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.17.04533-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been recently demonstrated in human muscle supporting the theory of a role of vitamin D in the proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells. So far only few studies investigated the association between vitamin D and muscle performance in postmenopausal women. AIM To define the functional impact of vitamin D deficiency. DESIGN Multicenter retrospective study. SETTING Five Italian outpatient services of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM). POPULATION Postmenopausal women. METHODS We divided the population in two groups based on the threshold of 30 ng/mL as cut-off to define sufficient and insufficient serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3]. Outcome measures were: appendicular lean mass (ALM); ALM-to-BMI ratio (ALMBMI); total fat mass (FM); visceral adipose tissue (VAT); Hand Grip Strength (HGS); Knee Isometric Extension Strength (KES); Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB); 4-meter gait speed (4MGS). RESULTS We analyzed the data records of 401 postmenopausal women (mean age 66.93±8.47 years): 203 with hypovitaminosis D (mean age 66.81±8.11 years) and 198 with normal levels of 25(OH)D3 (mean age 67.04±8.84 years). The analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of: ALMBMI (0.002), FM (P<0.001), VAT mass (0.010), VAT volume (P=0.006), HGS (P<0.001), KES (P<0.001), SPPB score (P<0.001), percentage of people with a 4MGS≤0.8 m/s (P<0.001). Furthermore, there were significant correlations (P<0.001) between serum levels of 25(OH)D3 and HGS (r=0.323), KES (r=0.510), and SPPB sit to stand (r=-0.362) and walking sub-scores (r=-0.312). CONCLUSIONS This multicenter study demonstrated that postmenopausal women with vitamin D deficiency had a significant reduction of appendicular muscle strength and physical performance. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT This study reported the frequency of hypovitaminosis D in postmenopausal women and its influence on the reduction of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in a typical population referring to the physiatrist for musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy -
| | - Giulia L Mauro
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Stomatologic Disciplines, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Fiore
- Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Cisari
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Maria G Benedetti
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Panella
- Department of Rehabilitation and Functional Recovery, Gaetano Pini Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Calafiore
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Gimigliano
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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