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Guan Z, Liang Y, Zhu Z, Yang A, Li S, Wang X, Wang J. Genetic Effects of ITPK1 Polymorphisms on the Risk of Neural Tube Defects: a Population-Based Study. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1585-1593. [PMID: 36323916 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Inositol is closely related to the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). Inositol 1, 3, 4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase (ITPK1) gene encoded an essential regulatory enzyme ITPK1, which is involved in inositol metabolism and has a critical role in the development of neural tube and axial mesoderm. It had been reported that some polymorphisms of critical genes in inositol pathways, including ITPK1, were associated with NTDs in Chinese pregnant women; however, the association between fetus ITPK1 polymorphisms and NTDs had not been reported. In a high incidence of NTDs region of China, a case-control study was performed to evaluate the association between fetal ITPK1 polymorphisms and NTDs. The ITPK1 polymorphisms were genotyped by iPLEX® Gold assay. Inositol levels in fetus brain tissues were analyzed. Three genetic polymorphisms of fetus ITPK1's, including rs3818175, rs2295394, and rs4586354, were statistically associated with spina bifida (NTD subtypes). A higher risk of spina bifida was associated with genotype GG of rs3818175, genotype CC of rs4586354, and genotype TT of rs2295394 (OR = 2.66, 95% CI [1.17-6.05], P = 0.017; OR = 2.22, 95% CI [1.02-4.80], P = 0.041; and OR = 2.33, 95% CI [1.00-5.48], P = 0.047), when compared with the other wild-type genotypes CC, TT, and CC, respectively. Decreased brain inositol level was found in NTDs fetuses, compared to normal controls. Inositol levels were found to significantly decrease with rs2295394 (CC genotype), rs4586354 (TT genotype), and rs3818175 (GC genotype) (P < 0.05). The polymorphisms of fetus ITPK1 were associated with the incidence of NTDs and might be a genetic risk factor for spina bifida.
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Moon RJ, Cooke LDF, D’Angelo S, Curtis EM, Titcombe P, Davies JH, Godfrey KM, Cleal JK, Lewis RM, Cooper C, Harvey NC. Maternal and Fetal Genetic Variation in Vitamin D Metabolism and Umbilical Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e3403-e3410. [PMID: 35474389 PMCID: PMC9282354 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D metabolism pathway genes are associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in adults. Less is known about the relationships between mother and offspring SNPs and umbilical cord blood 25(OH)D. OBJECTIVE (1) To undertake a meta-analysis of the relationships of maternal and offspring SNPs in the vitamin D metabolism pathway and cord blood 25(OH)D in pregnant women including novel data; and (2) to examine these relationships in women who received antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation in a clinical trial. METHODS Novel data analysis from an observational mother-offspring cohort study (Southampton Women's Survey) and the MAVIDOS double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 1000 IU/day cholecalciferol supplementation in pregnancy, and an electronic literature search of published studies in PubMed up to 31 July 2021. Studies reporting associations between rs12785878 (DHCR7), rs10741657 (CYP2R1), rs6013897 (CYP24A1), or rs2282679 (GC) and cord blood 25(OH)D. One published study was included in addition to the novel data analysis. Associations between both maternal and offspring SNPs at rs2282679 (GC) and rs12785878 (DHCR7), and cord blood 25(OH)D were identified. When maternal genotype was adjusted for offspring genotype, and vice versa, there was persisting evidence for associations with maternal rs12785878 (β [95% CI] 1.6 nmol/L [0.3, 2.8] per common allele), and offspring rs2282679 (β 3.1 nmol/L ]2.0, 4.4] per common allele). Maternal and offspring SNPs at rs1074657 and rs613897 were not associated with cord blood 25(OH)D. RESULT Associations between both maternal and offspring SNPs at rs2282679 (GC) and rs12785878 (DHCR7), and cord blood 25(OH)D were identified. When maternal genotype was adjusted for offspring genotype, and vice versa, there was persisting evidence for associations with maternal rs12785878 (β [95% CI] 1.6 nmol/L [0.3, 2.8] per common allele), and offspring rs2282679 (β 3.1 nmol/L ]2.0, 4.4] per common allele). Maternal and offspring SNPs at rs1074657 and rs613897 were not associated with cord blood 25(OH)D. CONCLUSION Common genetic variation in the vitamin D metabolism pathway is associated with umbilical cord blood 25(OH)D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Moon
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
- Paediatric Endocrinology, Southampton Children’s Hospital, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton,UK
| | - Laura D F Cooke
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
| | - Elizabeth M Curtis
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
| | - Philip Titcombe
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
| | - Justin H Davies
- Paediatric Endocrinology, Southampton Children’s Hospital, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton,UK
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
- NIHR Southampton Nutrition Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton,UK
| | - Jane K Cleal
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
| | - Rohan M Lewis
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
- NIHR Southampton Nutrition Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton,UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton,UK
- NIHR Southampton Nutrition Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton,UK
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Gowtham T, Venkatesh S, Palanisamy S, Rathod S. Impact of maternal hypovitaminosis D on birth and neonatal outcome - a prospective cohort study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:9940-9947. [PMID: 35603468 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2077098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women is of special concern as mother is the only source of vitamin D for the developing fetus, and maternal hypovitaminosis D has been implicated in a number of maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the association of maternal circulating 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25(OH)D] concentration with cord blood 25(OH)D and adverse birth and neonatal outcomes. METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMCRI) from January 2020 to December 2020. 121 babies born to mothers with singleton pregnancy tested for serum 25(OH)D level on admission for safe confinement were included in the study and cord blood of the babies were sampled for 25(OH)D. Based on the maternal 25(OH)D level, babies were categorized as those born to mothers with sufficient vitamin D level and those born to mothers with hypovitaminosis D (deficient/insufficient) and primary and secondary outcome was compared between two groups. RESULTS Maternal and cord blood hypovitaminosis D was observed in 65% of mothers and 68.6% of babies, respectively. Maternal vitamin D level was the single most significant predictor of cord blood vitamin D level with five-fold increased risk of cord blood hypovitaminosis D in babies born to mothers with hypovitaminosis D. Birthweight (t = -2.219, p = .028) and preterm birth (aOR = 4.417, 95% CI: 1.03-18.9) was significantly associated with maternal hypovitaminosis D and a trend toward increased risk of LBW (aOR - 2.1, 95%CI: 0.6-7.3), SGA babies (aOR - 1.5, 95% CI: 0.5-4.7), perinatal depression (aOR - 1.5, 95% CI: 0.4-5.8) and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (aOR = 2.68, 95%CI: 0.942-7.6) was observed. CONCLUSIONS Hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women is a significant health issue affecting both the mother and her baby. Safest dose for supplementation during pregnancy to prevent adverse perinatal outcome needs to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirupathi Gowtham
- Department of Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
| | - Soma Venkatesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
| | - Soundararajan Palanisamy
- Department of Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
| | - Setu Rathod
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
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Wang H, Du Y, Wu Z, Geng H, Zhu X, Zhu X. Serum Vitamin D Insufficiency in Hospitalized Full-Term Neonates at a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern China. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:878992. [PMID: 35722480 PMCID: PMC9199422 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.878992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the status of serum vitamin D in hospitalized full-term neonates at a tertiary hospital in eastern China. METHODS A prospective study was conducted among 471 hospitalized full-term neonates at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University between January 1 and June 20, 2020. Perinatal clinical data, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3), laboratory examinations, serum calcium levels, and immune function were obtained and analyzed. We explored and analyzed the risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency, and we also attempted to determine correlations between vitamin D and its influence on immunity. RESULTS The mean serum 25(OH)D3 was 33.65±6.07ng/ml.The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency was 28.24%,vitamin D sufficiency was 71.76%, there was no vitamin D deficiency. The serum 25-(OH)D3 in singleton neonate was higher than twins or multiple infants (t = -10.918, P = 0.000). The serum 25-(OH)D3 were higher in neonates who born in spring and summer than in winter (H = 13.443, P = 0.001). The serum 25-(OH)D3 in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) neonates were higher than small for gestational age (SGA) (H = 7.686, P = 0.021). The serum 25-(OH)D3 were higher in neonates whose mothers had no underlying diseases than those with certain immunological and infectious diseases (F = 12.417, P = 0.000). The serum 25-(OH)D3 in neonates whose mothers had none or one perinatal complication were higher than those with two or more (F = 13.299, P = 0.000). The neonates with eosinophils ≤5% or normal platelet counts or serum Ca++ ≥0.9 mmol/L have higher serum 25-(OH)D3. Neonates born in winter were at risk for vitamin D insufficiency, and the incidence of infectious pneumonia, sepsis, cytomegalovirus infection, and hypocalcemia in the vitamin D insufficiency group were higher than sufficiency group (P < 0.05). The serum CD3+, CD3+CD4+, and IgA levels in vitamin D sufficiency neonates were significantly higher than those in insufficiency group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency was 28.24%, and birth in winter was a risk factor for vitamin D insufficiency in hospitalized full-term neonates in Suzhou area. Neonates with infectious pneumonia, sepsis, cytomegalovirus infection, and hypocalcemia exhibited a high risk of vitamin D insufficiency. The serum CD3+, CD3+CD4+, and IgA levels in neonates with vitamin D insufficiency were lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiming Du
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Geng
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Tapia G, Suvitaival T, Ahonen L, Lund-Blix NA, Njølstad PR, Joner G, Skrivarhaug T, Legido-Quigley C, Størdal K, Stene LC. Prediction of Type 1 Diabetes at Birth: Cord Blood Metabolites vs Genetic Risk Score in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4062-e4071. [PMID: 34086903 PMCID: PMC8475222 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Genetic markers are established as predictive of type 1 diabetes, but unknown early life environment is believed to be involved. Umbilical cord blood may reflect perinatal metabolism and exposures. We studied whether selected polar metabolites in cord blood contribute to prediction of type 1 diabetes. METHODS Using a targeted UHPLC-QQQ-MS platform, we quantified 27 low-molecular-weight metabolites (including amino acids, small organic acids, and bile acids) in 166 children, who later developed type 1 diabetes, and 177 random control children in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child cohort. We analyzed the data using logistic regression (estimating odds ratios per SD [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)]), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and k-means clustering. Metabolites were compared to a genetic risk score based on 51 established non-HLA single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and a 4-category HLA risk group. RESULTS The strongest associations for metabolites were aminoadipic acid (aOR = 1.23; 95% CI, 0.97-1.55), indoxyl sulfate (aOR = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.87-1.51), and tryptophan (aOR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.65-1.10), with other aORs close to 1.0, and none significantly associated with type 1 diabetes. K-means clustering identified 6 clusters, none of which were associated with type 1 diabetes. Cross-validated AUC showed no predictive value of metabolites (AUC 0.49), whereas the non-HLA genetic risk score AUC was 0.56 and the HLA risk group AUC was 0.78. CONCLUSIONS In this large study, we found no support of a predictive role of cord blood concentrations of selected bile acids and other small polar metabolites in the development of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Tapia
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Linda Ahonen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Biosyntia ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai A Lund-Blix
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål R Njølstad
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir Joner
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torild Skrivarhaug
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ketil Størdal
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Pediatric Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars C Stene
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Lee SS, Ling KH, Tusimin M, Subramaniam R, Rahim KF, Loh SP. Influence of vitamin D binding protein polymorphism, demographics and lifestyle factors on vitamin D status of healthy Malaysian pregnant women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:714. [PMID: 33228578 PMCID: PMC7684735 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been related to vitamin D binding protein (GC) gene polymorphism, demographics and lifestyle factors in different populations. However, previous studies only focused on demographic and lifestyle factors or genetic factors alone. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between GC gene polymorphism, demographics and lifestyle factors with VDD among Malaysian pregnant women. METHOD Information on demographic characteristics, dietary vitamin D intake from supplement and food, time spent outdoors, skin type and clothing were collected using a questionnaire. Plasma total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels were measured using an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC). Maternal GC single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs4588 and rs7041) were determined using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique. RESULTS Results showed that 50.2% of pregnant women were vitamin D deficient (25OHD < 30 nmol/L). VDD (25OHD < 30 nmol/L) was significantly associated with age, veiled clothing, maternal vitamin D intakes from both food and supplements, and GC rs7041(and GC diplotypes). In contrast to previous studies that reported for non-pregnant population, a significant positive association was found between CC genotype for SNP GC rs7041, GC 1s-1s and GC If-2 with risk of VDD (25OHD < 30 nmol/L). CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of maternal VDD found in this study suggests the need for urgent development and implementation of vitamin D supplementation or fortification strategies to reduce VDD among pregnant women. The discrepancy in the association between GC rs7041 gene polymorphism and VDD reflects the variation in the factors associated with VDD in pregnancy compared to non-pregnant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Siew Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - King-Hwa Ling
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Maiza Tusimin
- Prince Court Medical Centre, 50450, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Raman Subramaniam
- Fetal Medicine and Gynaecology Centre (FMGC), 46200, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Su-Peng Loh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES During pregnancy, small quantities of maternal cells are naturally transmitted to the fetus. This transmission, termed maternal microchimerism (MMc), has been implicated in autoimmune diseases but its potential role is unclear. We aimed to investigate if MMc at birth predicted childhood celiac disease (CD) risk, a common immune-mediated enteropathy often presenting in childhood. METHODS We designed a case-control study, nested in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort. Participants were HLA class II typed to determine noninherited, nonshared maternal alleles (NIMA). Droplet digital (dd) PCR assays specific for common HLA class II NIMAs (HLA-DQB103:01, 04:02 and 06:02/03) were used to estimate the quantity of maternal DNA, as a marker of maternal cells, in cord blood DNA from 124 children who later developed clinically diagnosed CD (median age at end of study 7.4 years, range 3.6-12.9) and 124 random controls. We tested whether presence of MMc was associated with CD using logistic regression, and compared ranks between cases and controls. RESULTS MMc, for example, maternal HLA antigens not inherited by the child, was found in 42% of cases and 43% of controls, and not associated with CD (odds ratio [OR] 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-1.60). The ranks of MMc quantities in cases and controls were also similar (Mann-Whitney U-test, P = 0.71). The subgroup with HLA-DQB1:03*01 as their NIMA had a potential association with MMc, where levels greater than median was associated with CD (OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.28-11.18). CONCLUSION MMc measured in cord blood was not associated with later risk of CD.
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Lu M, Hollis BW, Carey VJ, Laranjo N, Singh RJ, Weiss ST, Litonjua AA. Determinants and Measurement of Neonatal Vitamin D: Overestimation of 25(OH)D in Cord Blood Using CLIA Assay Technology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5686159. [PMID: 31872219 PMCID: PMC7065842 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D (VD) deficiency in pregnancy and the neonatal period has impacts on childhood outcomes. Maternal VD sufficiency is crucial for sufficiency in the neonate, though the effect of early versus late pregnancy 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels on neonatal levels is unknown. Furthermore, chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIAs) are widely used, though their validity in measuring 25(OH)D specifically in cord blood specimens has not been established. OBJECTIVE To assess the validity of a CLIA in the measurement of cord blood 25(OH)D and to evaluate maternal determinants of neonatal 25(OH)D, including early versus late pregnancy 25(OH)D levels. DESIGN This is an ancillary analysis from the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION A total of 881 pregnant women at high risk of having offspring asthma were randomized to receive VD supplementation or placebo. Serum samples were collected from mothers in early and late pregnancy and from offspring cord blood at birth. 25(OH)D levels were assayed by CLIA in all maternal and offspring samples and by LC-MS/MS in all offspring samples and a subset of 200 maternal third trimester samples. RESULTS Cord blood 25(OH)D levels were higher as measured by CLIA (mean 37.13 ng/mL [SD 18.30]) than by LC-MS/MS (mean 23.54 ng/mL [SD 11.99]), with a mean positive bias of 13.54 ng/mL (SD 12.92) by Bland-Altman analysis. This positive bias in measurement by CLIA was not observed in maternal samples. Third trimester 25(OH)D was a positive determinant of neonatal 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSION Chemiluminescence immunoassays overestimate 25(OH)D levels in human cord blood samples, an effect not observed in maternal blood samples. The quantification of 25(OH)D by CLIA should therefore not be considered valid when assayed in cord blood samples. Third trimester, but not first trimester, maternal 25(OH)D is one of several determinants of neonatal 25(OH)D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Lu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce W Hollis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Vincent J Carey
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nancy Laranjo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ravinder J Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Scott T. Weiss, MD, MS, Channing Division of Network Medicine Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115. E-mail:
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children’s Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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Traglia M, Windham GC, Pearl M, Poon V, Eyles D, Jones KL, Lyall K, Kharrazi M, Croen LA, Weiss LA. Genetic Contributions to Maternal and Neonatal Vitamin D Levels. Genetics 2020; 214:1091-1102. [PMID: 32047095 PMCID: PMC7153928 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is essential for several physiological functions and biological processes. Increasing levels of maternal vitamin D are required throughout pregnancy as a unique source of vitamin D for the fetus, and consequently maternal vitamin D deficiency may result in several adverse outcomes in newborns. However, the genetic regulation of vitamin D in pregnancy and at birth is not yet well understood. We performed genome-wide association studies of maternal midgestational serum-derived and neonatal blood-spot-derived total 25-hydroxyvitamin D from a case-control study of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We identified one fetal locus (rs4588) significantly associated with neonatal vitamin D levels in the GC gene, encoding the binding protein for the transport and function of vitamin D. We also found suggestive cross-associated loci for neonatal and maternal vitamin D near immune genes, such as CXCL6-IL8 and ACKR1 We found no interactions with ASD. However, when including a set of cases with intellectual disability but not ASD (N = 179), we observed a suggestive interaction between decreased levels of neonatal vitamin D and a specific maternal genotype near the PKN2 gene. Our results suggest that genetic variation influences total vitamin D levels during pregnancy and at birth via proteins in the vitamin D pathway, but also potentially via distinct mechanisms involving loci with known roles in immune function that might be involved in vitamin D pathophysiology in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Traglia
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Gayle C Windham
- California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Investigations Branch, Richmond, California 94804
| | - Michelle Pearl
- California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Investigations Branch, Richmond, California 94804
| | - Victor Poon
- Sequoia Foundation, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Darryl Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Karen L Jones
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Kristen Lyall
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 191044
| | - Martin Kharrazi
- California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Investigations Branch, Richmond, California 94804
| | - Lisa A Croen
- Autism Research Program, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California 94612
| | - Lauren A Weiss
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
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Disruption of Dhcr7 and Insig1/2 in cholesterol metabolism causes defects in bone formation and homeostasis through primary cilium formation. Bone Res 2020; 8:1. [PMID: 31934493 PMCID: PMC6946666 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-019-0078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human linkage studies suggest that craniofacial deformities result from either genetic mutations related to cholesterol metabolism or high-cholesterol maternal diets. However, little is known about the precise roles of intracellular cholesterol metabolism in the development of craniofacial bones, the majority of which are formed through intramembranous ossification. Here, we show that an altered cholesterol metabolic status results in abnormal osteogenesis through dysregulation of primary cilium formation during bone formation. We found that cholesterol metabolic aberrations, induced through disruption of either Dhcr7 (which encodes an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis) or Insig1 and Insig2 (which provide a negative feedback mechanism for cholesterol biosynthesis), result in osteoblast differentiation abnormalities. Notably, the primary cilia responsible for sensing extracellular cues were altered in number and length through dysregulated ciliary vesicle fusion in Dhcr7 and Insig1/2 mutant osteoblasts. As a consequence, WNT/β-catenin and hedgehog signaling activities were altered through dysregulated primary cilium formation. Strikingly, the normalization of defective cholesterol metabolism by simvastatin, a drug used in the treatment of cholesterol metabolic aberrations, rescued the abnormalities in both ciliogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our results indicate that proper intracellular cholesterol status is crucial for primary cilium formation during skull formation and homeostasis.
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Enlund-Cerullo M, Koljonen L, Holmlund-Suila E, Hauta-Alus H, Rosendahl J, Valkama S, Helve O, Hytinantti T, Viljakainen H, Andersson S, Mäkitie O, Pekkinen M. Genetic Variation of the Vitamin D Binding Protein Affects Vitamin D Status and Response to Supplementation in Infants. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:5483-5498. [PMID: 31365099 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vitamin D binding protein encoding the GC (group component) gene affect 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations, but their influence on vitamin D status and response to vitamin D supplementation in infants is unknown. OBJECTIVE To study GC genotype-related differences in 25OHD concentrations and the response to supplementation during a vitamin D intervention study in infants. DESIGN In this randomized controlled trial, healthy term infants received vitamin D3 (10 or 30 μg/d) from 2 weeks to 24 months of age. GC SNPs rs2282679, rs4588, rs7041, and rs1155563 were genotyped. rs4588/7041 diplotype and haplotypes of rs2282679, rs4588, and rs7041 (Haplo3SNP) and of all four SNPs (Haplo4SNP) were determined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 25OHD measured in cord blood at birth and at 12 and 24 months during intervention. RESULTS A total of 913 infants were included. Minor allele homozygosity of all studied GC SNPs, their combined haplotypes, and rs4588/rs7041 diplotype 2/2 were associated with lower 25OHD concentrations at all time points in one or both intervention groups [analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) P < 0.043], with the exception of rs7041, which did not affect 25OHD at birth. In the high-dose supplementation group receiving 30 μg/d vitamin D3, but not in those receiving 10 µg/d, genotype of rs2282679, rs4588, and rs7041; diplotype; and Haplo3SNP significantly affected intervention response (repeated measurement ANCOVA Pinteraction < 0.019). Minor allele homozygotes had lower 25OHD concentrations and smaller increases in 25OHD throughout the intervention. CONCLUSIONS In infants, vitamin D binding protein genotype affects 25OHD concentration and efficiency of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Enlund-Cerullo
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Koljonen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Holmlund-Suila
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Hauta-Alus
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Rosendahl
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Valkama
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Otto Helve
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Hytinantti
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Viljakainen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- The Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Pekkinen
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Tapia G, Mårild K, Dahl SR, Lund-Blix NA, Viken MK, Lie BA, Njølstad PR, Joner G, Skrivarhaug T, Cohen AS, Størdal K, Stene LC. Maternal and Newborn Vitamin D-Binding Protein, Vitamin D Levels, Vitamin D Receptor Genotype, and Childhood Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:553-559. [PMID: 30692241 PMCID: PMC6905492 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circumstantial evidence links 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D], vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), vitamin D-associated genes, and type 1 diabetes (T1D), but no studies have jointly analyzed these. We aimed to investigate whether DBP levels during pregnancy or at birth were associated with offspring T1D and whether vitamin D pathway genetic variants modified associations between DBP, 25(OH)D, and T1D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS From a cohort of >100,000 mother/child pairs, we analyzed 189 pairs where the child later developed T1D and 576 random control pairs. We measured 25(OH)D using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and DBP using polyclonal radioimmunoassay, in cord blood and maternal plasma samples collected at delivery and midpregnancy. We genotyped mother and child for variants in or near genes involved in vitamin D metabolism (GC, DHCR7, CYP2R1, CYP24A1, CYP27B1, and VDR). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Higher maternal DBP levels at delivery, but not in other samples, were associated with lower offspring T1D risk (OR 0.86 [95% CI 0.74-0.98] per μmol/L increase). Higher cord blood 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower T1D risk (OR = 0.87 [95% CI 0.77-0.98] per 10 nmol/L increase) in children carrying the VDR rs11568820 G/G genotype (P interaction = 0.01 between 25(OH)D level and rs11568820). We did not detect other gene-environment interactions. CONCLUSIONS Higher maternal DBP level at delivery may decrease offspring T1D risk. Increased 25(OH)D levels at birth may decrease T1D risk, depending on VDR genotype. These findings should be replicated in other studies. Future studies of vitamin D and T1D should include VDR genotype and DBP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Tapia
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Mårild
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra R Dahl
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicolai A Lund-Blix
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marte K Viken
- Department of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte A Lie
- Department of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål R Njølstad
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir Joner
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torild Skrivarhaug
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arieh S Cohen
- Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ketil Størdal
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
| | - Lars C Stene
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Duan L, Xue Z, Ji H, Zhang D, Wang Y. Effects of CYP2R1 gene variants on vitamin D levels and status: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gene 2018; 678:361-369. [PMID: 30120973 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE CYP2R1 is a key gene in the vitamin D metabolic pathway. It has been suggested that CYP2R1 gene variants in European populations are associated with concentrations of 25(OH)D, a biomarker of vitamin D levels and status in peripheral blood. However, a comprehensive meta-analysis of this effect including different ethnicities has never been conducted. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between CYP2R1 gene variants and 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D status. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases were systematically searched up to May 2018. Reporting followed PRISMA guidelines. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the STREGA system. Random or fixed effects model combined estimates and sub-group tested for ethnic differences. The I2 statistic quantified between-study variation due to heterogeneity. RESULTS Sixteen articles with a total of 52,417 participants met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. For rs10741657, GG genotype was associated with a clear descending trend of 25(OH)D levels when compared with the AA genotype [SMD = -2.32, 95% CI (-4.42, -0.20); SMD = -3.46, 95% CI (-6.60, -0.33) and SMD = -0.24, 95% CI (-0.51, -0.03) for total, Caucasian and Asian groups, respectively] with the following heterogeneities I2 = 37.9%, 69.2% and 24.5%, respectively. However, under the AG/AA genetic model, significant changes in 25(OH)D levels [SMD and 95% CI: -1.27(-2.32, -0.23)] were only evident in the Caucasian population. The meta-analysis on vitamin D deficiency showed that the risk-allele G was associated with an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.03-1.15, P = 0.002). The association between rs10741657 and increased risk of vitamin D deficiency was significant (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.11-1.83, P = 0.006) under the dominant model (GG + AG/AA), but not under the recessive model (GG/AG + AA), (OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 0.89-1.84, P = 0.181). There was no evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSION Published articles provide evidence supporting a major role for the rs10741657 polymorphism of the CYP2R1 gene in determining 25(OH)D levels and the presence of vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leizhen Duan
- Department of Medical Services, Zhengzhou Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zonggui Xue
- Department of Medical Services, Zhengzhou Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huanwen Ji
- Department of Medical Services, Zhengzhou Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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