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Raza H, Abrar A, Ashraf A, Manzoor S, Shamim R, Siddique F, Salamatullah AM, Bourhia M, Fentahun Wondmie G. Design, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of Ascorbic Acid Dual-Coated Omeprazole Pellets and the Antioxidative Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Omeprazole-Induced Renal Injury in an Animal Model. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1143-1155. [PMID: 38222658 PMCID: PMC10785076 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant effect of ascorbic acid on omeprazole (O.P.)-induced acute kidney infection (AKI). Design of experiment (DoE) was employed to fabricate formulations (P1-P8) by the extrusion spheronization technique, and they were evaluated using various analytical techniques. P1-P8 formulations have % drug loading ranging from 56.34 ± 1.10 to 98.67 ± 1.05%, encapsulation efficiency from 70.98 ± 0.96 to 98.67 ± 1.05%, percentage drug release varying from 36.56 ± 1.34 to 93.45 ± 1.45%, Hausner's ratio ranging from 1.026 ± 0.05 to 1.065 ± 0.02%, and Carr's index varying from 2.3 ± 0.07 to 6.1 ± 0.06 g/mL. The optimized formulation (P6) was dual-coated with Eudragit L-100 (5% w/v) and ascorbic acid (2% w/v). A smooth uniform morphology was found after coating, and particle size nonsignificantly changed from 85.31 ± 77.43 to 101.99 ± 65.56 μm. IR spectra showed omeprazole characteristic peaks confirming drug loading, and peaks at 1747.40 and 1611.51 cm-1 confirmed ascorbic acid and Eudragit L-100 coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline nature, and thermal degradation studies until 500 °C demonstrated increased stability after coating. Cytotoxicity analysis with 97% cell viability revealed the nontoxic behavior of pellets. In vitro dissolution studies of coated pellets showed <20% drug release at pH 1.2 and 99.54% at pH 6.8. Animal studies showed that pure omeprazole showed a nonsignificant decrease in weight, urine output, and fecal output compared to rodents on ascorbic acid pellets. Increased uric acid and creatinine levels in the group on pure omeprazole indicated AKI. Histopathological studies of renal cells also supported these results. The integration of experimental pellet formulation with molecular docking simulations has unveiled the potential of ascorbic acid and omeprazole as highly promising therapeutic agents for addressing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Raza
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin
Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Ali Abrar
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin
Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Asmara Ashraf
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin
Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Suryyia Manzoor
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Rahat Shamim
- Punjab
University College of Pharmacy, University
of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Siddique
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department
of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural
Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
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Medication with fenbendazole in feed: plasma concentrations and effects on hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in swine. Vet Res Commun 2022; 47:803-815. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Effects of fenbendazole and triclabendazole on the expression of cytochrome P450 1A and flavin-monooxygenase isozymes in bovine precision-cut liver slices. Vet J 2019; 245:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Menteşe E, Yılmaz F, İslamoğlu F, Kahveci B. Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of a New Series of 2-Aryl-5-Fluoro-6-(4-Phenylpiperazin-1-Yl)-1H-Benzimidazoles Using Microwave Heating. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.3184/174751915x14268750943001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 2-aryl-5-fluoro-6-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazoles was synthesised from the reaction of 4-fluoro-5-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)benzene-1,2-diamine and iminoester hydrochlorides. 4-Fluoro-5-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)benzene-1,2-diamine was prepared from the reduction of 5-fluoro-2-nitro-4-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)aniline by using Pd/C (10%) catalyst and hydrazine hydrate under microwave irradiation. The structures of newly synthesised compounds were identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Menteşe
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University 53100-Rize, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yılmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University 53100-Rize, Turkey
| | - Fatih İslamoğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University 53100-Rize, Turkey
| | - Bahittin Kahveci
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080-Trabzon, Turkey
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Stuchlíková L, Matoušková P, Bártíková H, Vokřál I, Lamka J, Štolcová T, Pětníková H, Szotáková B, Kubíček V, Skálová L. Monepantel induces hepatic cytochromes p450 in sheep in vitro and in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 227:63-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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6
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Factors affecting pharmacokinetics of benzimidazole anthelmintics in food-producing animals: The consequences and potential risks. Res Vet Sci 2011; 91:333-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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7
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Nguyen LP, Bradfield CA. The search for endogenous activators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Chem Res Toxicol 2007; 21:102-16. [PMID: 18076143 DOI: 10.1021/tx7001965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 548] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The primary design of this perspective is to describe the major ligand classes of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). A grander objective is to provide models that may help define the physiological activator or "endogenous ligand" of the AHR. We present evidence supporting a developmental role for the AHR and propose mechanisms by which an endogenous ligand and consequent AHR activation might be important during normal physiology and development. From this vista, we survey the known xenobiotic, endogenous, dietary, and "unconventional" activators of the AHR, including, when possible, information about their induction potency, receptor binding affinity, and potential for exposure. In light of the essential function of the AHR in embryonic development, we discuss the candidacy of each of these compounds as physiologically important activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh P Nguyen
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Savlík M, Polácková L, Szotáková B, Lamka J, Velík J, Skálová L. Activities of biotransformation enzymes in pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and their modulation by in vivo administration of mebendazole and flubendazole. Res Vet Sci 2007; 83:20-6. [PMID: 17316720 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2005] [Revised: 09/10/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Basal activities of certain pheasant hepatic and intestinal biotransformation enzymes and modulation of their activities by anthelmintics flubendazole (FLBZ) and mebendazole (MBZ) were investigated in subcellular fractions that were prepared from liver and small intestine of control and FLBZ or MBZ treated birds. Several oxidation, reduction and conjugation enzyme activities were assessed. In the liver, treatment of pheasants by FLBZ or MBZ caused very slight or no changes in monooxygenase activities and conjugation enzymes. More significative changes were detected in small intestine. Metyrapone and daunorubicin reductase activities were increased by both substances in the liver. This is the first evidence that certain benzimidazoles modulate reductases of carbonyl group. With respect to the relatively slight extent of the changes caused by FLBZ or MBZ we can assume that repeated administration of therapeutic doses of both FLBZ and MBZ has probably no serious influence on pheasant biotransformation enzyme system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Savlík
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Nishimura M, Yoshitsugu H, Yokoi T, Tateno C, Kataoka M, Horie T, Yoshizato K, Naito S. Evaluation of mRNA expression of human drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in chimeric mouse with humanized liver. Xenobiotica 2006; 35:877-90. [PMID: 16308282 DOI: 10.1080/00498250500307251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The hepatic mRNA expression of human drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in chimeric mise with almost-completely humanized liver (replacement index: 71-89%) was investigated. The mRNAs of 58 human phase I enzymes, 26 human phase II enzymes, 23 human transporters, and five mouse Cyps were measured in the chimeric mice with humanized liver generated using hepatocytes from a Japanese donor. The mRNA expression of 52 human phase I enzymes, which includes 20 human CYPs, 26 human phase II enzymes and 21 human transporters was ascertained in the chimeric mouse liver. Among them, the expression of the target mRNAs vital for liver function such as the metabolism and secretion of endogenous compounds appeared to be maintained. The central value for the expression ratio in all target genes in chimeric mouse liver to the donor liver was 0.46, which was lower than the substitution rate of chimeric mouse liver by donor liver. The ratio of mouse Cyp mRNA expression of chimeric mouse liver to that of control mouse liver was 0.19 or less, except for that of Cyp2b10. There were good correlations between the mRNA expression levels of human hepatic albumin gene, the values of the rate of replacement of mouse liver by human liver, and the human blood albumin concentration in the chimeric mice. The chimeric mice with humanized liver may be a useful tool for the evaluation of drug-drug interactions such as the inhibition and induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishimura
- Division of Pharmacology, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan
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Savlík M, Polásková P, Szotáková B, Lamka J, Skálová L. The effects of flubendazole and mebendazole on cytochromes P4501A in pheasant hepatocytes. Res Vet Sci 2005; 79:139-47. [PMID: 15924931 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2004] [Revised: 10/14/2004] [Accepted: 10/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many benzimidazoles are known inducers of cytochromes P4501A (CYP1A) in laboratory animals and cell lines. As flubendazole and mebendazole are benzimidazole anthelmintics often used in a pheasant, in the present study an effect of these drugs in primary cultures of pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) hepatocytes was investigated. After 48 h incubation of the hepatocytes with the benzimidazoles (0.2-5 microM), CYP1A activities -- ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD) and methoxyresorufin O-demethylation (MROD) activities were measured and the CYP1A protein levels were determined by Western blotting. None of the tested benzimidazoles influenced the CYP1A protein content. No pharmacologically significant enhancement of CYP1A after exposure of the hepatocytes to flubendazole and mebendazole was found. Inhibition of the EROD/MROD activities caused by both tested substances was observed only at the highest concentration (5 microM). From a point of view of CYP1A induction or inhibition, the treatment of pheasants by both anthelmintics tested seems to be safe. Our study demonstrates the inter-species differences in CYP1A inducibility and the importance of induction/inhibition studies on target animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Savlík
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Savlík M, Fimanová K, Szotáková B, Lamka J, Skálová L. Modulation of porcine biotransformation enzymes by anthelmintic therapy with fenbendazole and flubendazole. Res Vet Sci 2005; 80:267-74. [PMID: 16125742 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2005] [Revised: 06/15/2005] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fenbendazole (FEN) and flubendazole (FLU) are benzimidazole anthelmintics often used in pig management for the control of nematodoses. The in vivo study presented here was designed to test the influence of FLU and FEN on cytochrome P4501A and other cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, UDP-glucuronosyl transferase and several carbonyl reducing enzymes. The results indicated that FEN (in a single therapeutic dose as well as in repeated therapeutic doses) caused significant induction of pig CYP1A, while FLU did not show an inductive effect towards this isoform. Some of the other hepatic and intestinal biotransformation enzymes that were assayed were moderately influenced by FEN or FLU. Strong CYP1A induction following FEN therapy in pigs may negatively affect the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of FEN itself or other simultaneously or consecutively administered drugs. From the perspective of biotransformation enzyme modulation, FLU would appear to be a more convenient anthelmintic therapy of pigs than FEN.
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MESH Headings
- Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism
- Animals
- Anthelmintics/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western/veterinary
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism
- Fenbendazole/pharmacology
- Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/enzymology
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/veterinary
- Intestine, Small/drug effects
- Intestine, Small/enzymology
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Isoenzymes
- Male
- Mebendazole/analogs & derivatives
- Mebendazole/pharmacology
- Microsomes, Liver/drug effects
- Microsomes, Liver/enzymology
- Microsomes, Liver/metabolism
- Steroid Hydroxylases/metabolism
- Swine
- Swine Diseases/drug therapy
- Swine Diseases/enzymology
- Swine Diseases/parasitology
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Affiliation(s)
- M Savlík
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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12
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Vermeir M, Annaert P, Mamidi RNVS, Roymans D, Meuldermans W, Mannens G. Cell-based models to study hepatic drug metabolism and enzyme induction in humans. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2005; 1:75-90. [PMID: 16922654 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.1.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based in vitro models are invaluable tools in elucidating the pharmacokinetic profile of a drug candidate during its drug discovery and development process. As biotransformation is one of the key determinants of a drug's disposition in the body, many in vitro models to study drug metabolism have been established, and others are still being developed and validated. This review is aimed at providing the reader with a concise overview of the characteristics and optimal application of established and emerging in vitro cell-based models to study human drug metabolism and induction of drug metabolising enzymes in the liver. The strengths and weaknesses of liver-derived models, such as primary hepatocytes, either freshly isolated or cryopreserved, and from adult or fetal donors, precision-cut liver slices, and cell lines, including immortalised cells, reporter cell lines, hepatocarcinoma-derived cell lines and recombinant cell lines, are discussed. Relevant cell culture configuration aspects as well as other models such as stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells and humanised animal models are also reviewed. The status of model development, their acceptance by health authorities and recommendations for the most appropriate use of the models are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Vermeir
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Preclinical Pharmacokinetics, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
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Velík J, Baliharová V, Fink-Gremmels J, Bull S, Lamka J, Skálová L. Benzimidazole drugs and modulation of biotransformation enzymes. Res Vet Sci 2004; 76:95-108. [PMID: 14672851 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2003.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole drugs (e.g., anthelmintics albendazole, fenbendazole, oxfenbendazole, thiabendazole, mebendazole; inhibitors of proton pump omeprazole, lansoprasole, pantoprasole) represent substances used in both human and veterinary medicine; however, from the point of view of induction and inhibition of biotransformation enzymes, research has been carried out mainly due to the initiative of human pharmacologists. The purpose of the present review is to inform about inductive and inhibitive effects of benzimidazole drugs in man, animals and cell cultures. Pharmacological and toxicological consequences of modulation of biotransformation enzymes are discussed and the significance of studies in the field of modulation of biotransformation enzymes in food-producing animals is explained. Since the modulating effect of benzimidazoles strongly varies depending on structure of the individual substances, the particular attention is paid to structure-modulation relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Velík
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Centre LN00B125, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Baliharová V, Velík J, Savlík M, Szotáková B, Lamka J, Tahotná L, Skálová L. The effects of fenbendazole, flubendazole and mebendazole on activities of hepatic cytochromes P450 in pig. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2004; 27:85-90. [PMID: 15096105 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2004.00557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fenbendazole (FBZ), flubendazole (FLBZ) and mebendazole (MBZ) are benzimidazole anthelmintics widely used in veterinary medicine. The effects of these drugs on cytochromes P450 (CYP) were investigated in primary cultures of swine (Sus scrofa f. domestica) hepatocytes. After 48-h incubation of hepatocytes with benzimidazoles (0.1-2.5 microm), ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD), benzoxyresorufin O-dearylation (BROD), testosterone hydroxylase (6beta-TOH) and testosterone oxidase (17-TO) activities were measured and the CYP1A and 3A protein levels were determined by Western blotting. FBZ produced a significant, concentration-dependent increase of CYP1A activity (EROD) and protein level. No enhancement of CYP1A was observed after exposure to FLBZ and MBZ. All benzimidazoles tested did not cause any induction of CYP3A (BROD, 6beta-TOH, 17-TO activities and protein content). On the other hand, MBZ produced a significant, concentration-dependent decrease of CYP3A (BROD, 6beta-TOH and 17-TO) activities. Pharmacological and toxicological consequences of CYP1A induction and CYP3A inhibition should be taken into account in treatment of pigs with FBZ and MBZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Baliharová
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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