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Fujii F, Kanemasa H, Okuzono S, Setoyama D, Taira R, Yonemoto K, Motomura Y, Kato H, Masuda K, Kato TA, Ohga S, Sakai Y. ATP1A3 regulates protein synthesis for mitochondrial stability under heat stress. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050574. [PMID: 38804677 PMCID: PMC11247502 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in ATP1A3, the gene encoding the α3 subunit of the Na+/K+-ATPase, cause alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) and related disorders. Impairments in Na+/K+-ATPase activity are associated with the clinical phenotype. However, it remains unclear whether additional mechanisms are involved in the exaggerated symptoms under stressed conditions in patients with AHC. We herein report that the intracellular loop (ICL) of ATP1A3 interacted with RNA-binding proteins, such as Eif4g (encoded by Eif4g1), Pabpc1 and Fmrp (encoded by Fmr1), in mouse Neuro2a cells. Both the siRNA-mediated depletion of Atp1a3 and ectopic expression of the p.R756C variant of human ATP1A3-ICL in Neuro2a cells resulted in excessive phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 (encoded by Rps6) and increased susceptibility to heat stress. In agreement with these findings, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a patient with the p.R756C variant were more vulnerable to heat stress than control iPSCs. Neurons established from the patient-derived iPSCs showed lower calcium influxes in responses to stimulation with ATP than those in control iPSCs. These data indicate that inefficient protein synthesis contributes to the progressive and deteriorating phenotypes in patients with the p.R756C variant among a variety of ATP1A3-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kanemasa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sayaka Okuzono
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryoji Taira
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kousuke Yonemoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Motomura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiji Masuda
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Cai L, Pessoa MT, Gao Y, Strause S, Banerjee M, Tian J, Xie Z, Pierre SV. The Na/K-ATPase α1/Src Signaling Axis Regulates Mitochondrial Metabolic Function and Redox Signaling in Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3207. [PMID: 38137428 PMCID: PMC10740578 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Na/K-ATPase (NKA)-mediated regulation of Src kinase, which involves defined amino acid sequences of the NKA α1 polypeptide, has emerged as a novel regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial function in metazoans. Mitochondrial metabolism ensures adequate myocardial performance and adaptation to physiological demand. It is also a critical cellular determinant of cardiac repair and remodeling. To assess the impact of the proposed NKA/Src regulatory axis on cardiac mitochondrial metabolic function, we used a gene targeting approach in human cardiac myocytes. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) expressing an Src-signaling null mutant (A420P) form of the NKA α1 polypeptide were generated using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. Total cellular Na/K-ATPase activity remained unchanged in A420P compared to the wild type (WT) hiPSC, but baseline phosphorylation levels of Src and ERK1/2 were drastically reduced. Both WT and A420P mutant hiPSC readily differentiated into cardiac myocytes (iCM), as evidenced by marker gene expression, spontaneous cell contraction, and subcellular striations. Total NKA α1-3 protein expression was comparable in WT and A420P iCM. However, live cell metabolism assessed functionally by Seahorse extracellular flux analysis revealed significant reductions in both basal and maximal rates of mitochondrial respiration, spare respiratory capacity, ATP production, and coupling efficiency. A significant reduction in ROS production was detected by fluorescence imaging in live cells, and confirmed by decreased cellular protein carbonylation levels in A420P iCM. Taken together, these data provide genetic evidence for a role of NKA α1/Src in the tonic stimulation of basal mitochondrial metabolism and ROS production in human cardiac myocytes. This signaling axis in cardiac myocytes may provide a new approach to counteract mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liquan Cai
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
| | - Marco T. Pessoa
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yingnyu Gao
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
| | - Sidney Strause
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
| | - Moumita Banerjee
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jiang Tian
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Zijian Xie
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
| | - Sandrine V. Pierre
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (L.C.); (M.T.P.); (Y.G.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (J.T.); (Z.X.)
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
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Rajanathan R, Riera CVI, Pedersen TM, Staehr C, Bouzinova EV, Nyengaard JR, Thomsen MB, Bøtker HE, Matchkov VV. Hypercontractile Cardiac Phenotype in Mice with Migraine-Associated Mutation in the Na +,K +-ATPase α 2-Isoform. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081108. [PMID: 37190017 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Two α-isoforms of the Na+,K+-ATPase (α1 and α2) are expressed in the cardiovascular system, and it is unclear which isoform is the preferential regulator of contractility. Mice heterozygous for the familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) associated mutation in the α2-isoform (G301R; α2+/G301R mice) have decreased expression of cardiac α2-isoform but elevated expression of the α1-isoform. We aimed to investigate the contribution of the α2-isoform function to the cardiac phenotype of α2+/G301R hearts. We hypothesized that α2+/G301R hearts exhibit greater contractility due to reduced expression of cardiac α2-isoform. Variables for contractility and relaxation of isolated hearts were assessed in the Langendorff system without and in the presence of ouabain (1 µM). Atrial pacing was performed to investigate rate-dependent changes. The α2+/G301R hearts displayed greater contractility than WT hearts during sinus rhythm, which was rate-dependent. The inotropic effect of ouabain was more augmented in α2+/G301R hearts than in WT hearts during sinus rhythm and atrial pacing. In conclusion, cardiac contractility was greater in α2+/G301R hearts than in WT hearts under resting conditions. The inotropic effect of ouabain was rate-independent and enhanced in α2+/G301R hearts, which was associated with increased systolic work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clàudia Vilaseca I Riera
- Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, International University of Catalonia, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Christian Staehr
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Randel Nyengaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Core Center for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten B Thomsen
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1168 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Erik Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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Ennab W, Ye N, Wu H, Ullah S, Hadi T, Bassey AP, Mustafa S, Jiang J, Wei Q, Shi F. The Synergistic Effects of the Combination of L-Carnitine and Lycopene on the Lycopene Bioavailability and Duodenal Health of Roosters. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081274. [PMID: 37106837 PMCID: PMC10134981 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Lycopene and L-Carnitine, individually or in combination, on various physiological and molecular factors related to intestinal health and absorption ability in Roosters, such as intestinal morphology, serum biochemical parameters, genes involved in Lycopene uptake, nutritional transport genes, and tight junction genes. The findings of the study revealed that the combination of L-Carnitine and Lycopene supplementation had been found to increase the serum concentration levels of TP and ALB. Interestingly, the relative mRNA expression of genes responsible for Lycopene uptakes, such as SR-BI and BCO2, was higher in the LC group compared to other groups. Additionally, the expression of specific nutritional transport genes in the duodenum was significantly affected by both CAR and LC supplementation groups. The tight junction gene OCLN showed a significant increase in expression in the combination group compared to using either Lycopene or L-Carnitine alone. This study concludes that using Lycopene and L-carnitine in combination in poultry feed can potentially improve intestinal morphology and serum biochemical parameters, increase Lycopene bioavailability, improve nutrients uptake, and enhance the integrity of duodenal tight junctions in Roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Ennab
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nanwei Ye
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haoze Wu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Saif Ullah
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tavakolikazerooni Hadi
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Anthony Pius Bassey
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Synergistic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sheeraz Mustafa
- Faculty of Veterinary Animal Sciences, Ziauddin University (ZUFVAS), Karachi 75600, Pakistan
| | - Jingle Jiang
- Shanghai Endangered Species Conservation and Research Centre, Shanghai Zoo, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhang X, Qiu S, Yang L, Li Y, Xu L, Xu N, Mi C, Li M. A novel heterozygous ATP1A2 pathogenic variant in a Chinese child with MELAS-like alternating hemiplegia. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023; 11:e2146. [PMID: 36749827 PMCID: PMC10178798 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic variants of ATP1A2 (OMIM ID: 182340) are usually associated with familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM-2), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE), transient cytotoxic edema, and so on. Here, we present a novel heterozygous ATP1A2 variant in a girl with alternating hemiplegia, febrile seizures, developmental delay (which subsequently subsided), and MELAS-like syndrome (as indicated by brain MRI). The patient did not experience migraine with aura. METHODS The patient was an 8-year-old girl with normal growth and development. Beginning from the age of 3 years and 8 months, the patient experienced several episodes of alternating limb paralysis. The episodes were accompanied by the appearance of MELAS-like findings on brain MRI, which corresponded to the hemiplegia. There were abnormal linear signals in the cerebral cortex on the opposite side of the hemiplegic limb. Each time the patient recovered from hemiplegia, and each time MRI showed no lesions remained after recovery. No obvious abnormality was found in other examinations. Finally, the patient underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES). RESULTS WES revealed a novel and de novo heterozygous variant in the ATP1A2 (NM_000702.3) c.335C>A:p.Ala112Asp (not previously reported). We examined the variant position in the 3D protein structure and found that a missense mutation at this site is a nonconservative substitution. The variation is nonpolymorphic. It occurs at a very low frequency in the population, and its ACMG classification is likely pathogenic. CONCLUSION At present, there are limited reports of mutations in the ATP1A2 gene causing AHC. This is the first case of brain MRI showing MELAS-like imaging in an AHC patient, and more cases are needed for verification. Early genetic testing and family screening can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases. The relationship between ATP1A2 gene mutation genotype and clinical phenotype needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Postgrad Training Base Jinzhou Med University, Linyi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyun Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Changrui Mi
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Moreno C, Jiao S, Yano S, Holmgren M. Disease mutations of human α3 Na +/K +-ATPase define extracellular Na + binding/occlusion kinetics at ion binding site III. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac205. [PMID: 36304555 PMCID: PMC9585393 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Na+/K+-ATPase, which creates transmembrane electrochemical gradients by exchanging 3 Na+ for 2 K+, is central to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases such as alternating hemiplegia of childhood. Although Na+/K+-ATPase has 3 distinct ion binding sites I-III, the difficulty of distinguishing ion binding events at each site from the others hinders kinetic study of these transitions. Here, we show that binding of Na+ at each site in the human α3 Na+/K+-ATPase can be resolved using extracellular Na+-mediated transient currents. When Na+/K+-ATPase is constrained to bind and release only Na+, three kinetic components: fast, medium, and slow, can be isolated, presumably corresponding to the protein dynamics associated with the binding (or release depending on the voltage step direction) and the occlusion (or deocclusion) of each of the 3 Na+. Patient-derived mutations of residues which coordinate Na+ at site III exclusively impact the slow component, demonstrating that site III is crucial for deocclusion and release of the first Na+ into the extracellular milieu. These results advance understanding of Na+/K+-ATPase mutation pathogenesis and provide a foundation for study of individual ions' binding kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moreno
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Song Jiao
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sho Yano
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA,Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine Training Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Miguel Holmgren
- Correspondence should be addressed: Miguel Holmgren, Ph.D. Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Tel: +1-(301) 451-6259; E-mail:
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A Rag GTPase dimer code defines the regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1394-1406. [PMID: 36097072 PMCID: PMC9481461 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid availability controls mTORC1 activity via a heterodimeric Rag GTPase complex that functions as a scaffold at the lysosomal surface, bringing together mTORC1 with its activators and effectors. Mammalian cells express four Rag proteins (RagA–D) that form dimers composed of RagA/B bound to RagC/D. Traditionally, the Rag paralogue pairs (RagA/B and RagC/D) are referred to as functionally redundant, with the four dimer combinations used interchangeably in most studies. Here, by using genetically modified cell lines that express single Rag heterodimers, we uncover a Rag dimer code that determines how amino acids regulate mTORC1. First, RagC/D differentially define the substrate specificity downstream of mTORC1, with RagD promoting phosphorylation of its lysosomal substrates TFEB/TFE3, while both Rags are involved in the phosphorylation of non-lysosomal substrates such as S6K. Mechanistically, RagD recruits mTORC1 more potently to lysosomes through increased affinity to the anchoring LAMTOR complex. Furthermore, RagA/B specify the signalling response to amino acid removal, with RagB-expressing cells maintaining lysosomal and active mTORC1 even upon starvation. Overall, our findings reveal key qualitative differences between Rag paralogues in the regulation of mTORC1, and underscore Rag gene duplication and diversification as a potentially impactful event in mammalian evolution. Gollwitzer, Grützmacher et al. and Figlia et al. establish that the various Rag GTPase genes and isoforms differentially regulate mTORC1 activity and distinctly modulate the responsiveness of mammalian cells to amino acid availability.
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Mohammadi S, Herrera-Álvarez S, Yang L, Rodríguez-Ordoñez MDP, Zhang K, Storz JF, Dobler S, Crawford AJ, Andolfatto P. Constraints on the evolution of toxin-resistant Na,K-ATPases have limited dependence on sequence divergence. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010323. [PMID: 35972957 DOI: 10.1101/2021.11.29.470343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that intramolecular epistasis is a major determinant of rates and patterns of protein evolution and imposes a substantial constraint on the evolution of novel protein functions. Here, we examine the role of intramolecular epistasis in the recurrent evolution of resistance to cardiotonic steroids (CTS) across tetrapods, which occurs via specific amino acid substitutions to the α-subunit family of Na,K-ATPases (ATP1A). After identifying a series of recurrent substitutions at two key sites of ATP1A that are predicted to confer CTS resistance in diverse tetrapods, we then performed protein engineering experiments to test the functional consequences of introducing these substitutions onto divergent species backgrounds. In line with previous results, we find that substitutions at these sites can have substantial background-dependent effects on CTS resistance. Globally, however, these substitutions also have pleiotropic effects that are consistent with additive rather than background-dependent effects. Moreover, the magnitude of a substitution's effect on activity does not depend on the overall extent of ATP1A sequence divergence between species. Our results suggest that epistatic constraints on the evolution of CTS-resistant forms of Na,K-ATPase likely depend on a small number of sites, with little dependence on overall levels of protein divergence. We propose that dependence on a limited number sites may account for the observation of convergent CTS resistance substitutions observed among taxa with highly divergent Na,K-ATPases (See S1 Text for Spanish translation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Mohammadi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
- Molecular Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Zell- und Systembiologie der Tiere, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Santiago Herrera-Álvarez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | - Karen Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jay F Storz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Susanne Dobler
- Molecular Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Zell- und Systembiologie der Tiere, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew J Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Peter Andolfatto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York city, New York, United States of America
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Mohammadi S, Herrera-Álvarez S, Yang L, Rodríguez-Ordoñez MDP, Zhang K, Storz JF, Dobler S, Crawford AJ, Andolfatto P. Constraints on the evolution of toxin-resistant Na,K-ATPases have limited dependence on sequence divergence. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010323. [PMID: 35972957 PMCID: PMC9462791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that intramolecular epistasis is a major determinant of rates and patterns of protein evolution and imposes a substantial constraint on the evolution of novel protein functions. Here, we examine the role of intramolecular epistasis in the recurrent evolution of resistance to cardiotonic steroids (CTS) across tetrapods, which occurs via specific amino acid substitutions to the α-subunit family of Na,K-ATPases (ATP1A). After identifying a series of recurrent substitutions at two key sites of ATP1A that are predicted to confer CTS resistance in diverse tetrapods, we then performed protein engineering experiments to test the functional consequences of introducing these substitutions onto divergent species backgrounds. In line with previous results, we find that substitutions at these sites can have substantial background-dependent effects on CTS resistance. Globally, however, these substitutions also have pleiotropic effects that are consistent with additive rather than background-dependent effects. Moreover, the magnitude of a substitution’s effect on activity does not depend on the overall extent of ATP1A sequence divergence between species. Our results suggest that epistatic constraints on the evolution of CTS-resistant forms of Na,K-ATPase likely depend on a small number of sites, with little dependence on overall levels of protein divergence. We propose that dependence on a limited number sites may account for the observation of convergent CTS resistance substitutions observed among taxa with highly divergent Na,K-ATPases (See S1 Text for Spanish translation). Individual amino acids within a protein work in concert to produce a functionally coherent structure that must be maintained as a protein diverges over time. Given this structure-function relationship, we expect the effects of new mutations to depend on amino acid states at other sites throughout the protein (i.e., background dependence) and that identical mutations will have more similar effects in more closely-related species, for which orthologous proteins will be less diverged. We tested this hypothesis by performing protein-engineering experiments on ATP1A, a protein that mediates resistance to toxins known as cardiotonic steroids (CTS), to reveal the extent of background-dependence across representative tetrapods. We find that, while the effects of mutations at two key sites implicated in CTS-resistance are indeed often background-dependent, the magnitude of these effects does not correlate with overall levels of ATP1A divergence. Our results instead suggest that background-dependent effects are determined by amino acid states at a small number of sites throughout the protein. Evolutionary constraints imposed by relatively few sites may explain the frequent occurrence of identical or similar CTS-resistance substitutions among ATP1A proteins of highly divergent animals (See S1 Text for Spanish translation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Mohammadi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
- Molecular Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Zell- und Systembiologie der Tiere, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Santiago Herrera-Álvarez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | - Karen Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jay F. Storz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Susanne Dobler
- Molecular Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Zell- und Systembiologie der Tiere, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew J. Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Peter Andolfatto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York city, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Mehrabian M, Wang X, Eid S, Yan BQ, Grinberg M, Siegner M, Sackmann C, Sulman M, Zhao W, Williams D, Schmitt-Ulms G. Cardiac glycoside-mediated turnover of Na, K-ATPases as a rational approach to reducing cell surface levels of the cellular prion protein. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270915. [PMID: 35776750 PMCID: PMC9249225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely anticipated that a reduction of brain levels of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) can prolong survival in a group of neurodegenerative diseases known as prion diseases. To date, efforts to decrease steady-state PrPC levels by targeting this protein directly with small molecule drug-like compounds have largely been unsuccessful. Recently, we reported Na,K-ATPases to reside in immediate proximity to PrPC in the brain, unlocking an opportunity for an indirect PrPC targeting approach that capitalizes on the availability of potent cardiac glycosides (CGs). Here, we report that exposure of human co-cultures of neurons and astrocytes to non-toxic nanomolar levels of CGs causes profound reductions in PrPC levels. The mechanism of action underpinning this outcome relies primarily on a subset of CGs engaging the ATP1A1 isoform, one of three α subunits of Na,K-ATPases expressed in brain cells. Upon CG docking to ATP1A1, the ligand receptor complex, and PrPC along with it, is internalized by the cell. Subsequently, PrPC is channeled to the lysosomal compartment where it is digested in a manner that can be rescued by silencing the cysteine protease cathepsin B. These data signify that the repurposing of CGs may be beneficial for the treatment of prion disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Mehrabian
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shehab Eid
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bei Qi Yan
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Grinberg
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Murdock Siegner
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Sackmann
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muhammad Sulman
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wenda Zhao
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Declan Williams
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerold Schmitt-Ulms
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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11
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Fedosova NU, Habeck M, Nissen P. Structure and Function of Na,K-ATPase-The Sodium-Potassium Pump. Compr Physiol 2021; 12:2659-2679. [PMID: 34964112 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Na,K-ATPase is an ubiquitous enzyme actively transporting Na-ions out of the cell in exchange for K-ions, thereby maintaining their concentration gradients across the cell membrane. Since its discovery more than six decades ago the Na-pump has been studied extensively and its vital physiological role in essentially every cell has been established. This article aims at providing an overview of well-established biochemical properties with a focus on Na,K-ATPase isoforms, its transport mechanism and principle conformations, inhibitors, and insights gained from crystal structures. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1-21, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Habeck
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Poul Nissen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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12
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Domingo A, Yadav R, Shah S, Hendriks WT, Erdin S, Gao D, O'Keefe K, Currall B, Gusella JF, Sharma N, Ozelius LJ, Ehrlich ME, Talkowski ME, Bragg DC. Dystonia-specific mutations in THAP1 alter transcription of genes associated with neurodevelopment and myelin. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:2145-2158. [PMID: 34672987 PMCID: PMC8595948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a neurologic disorder associated with an increasingly large number of genetic variants in many genes, resulting in characteristic disturbances in volitional movement. Dissecting the relationships between these mutations and their functional outcomes is critical in understanding the pathways that drive dystonia pathogenesis. Here we established a pipeline for characterizing an allelic series of dystonia-specific mutations. We used this strategy to investigate the molecular consequences of genetic variation in THAP1, which encodes a transcription factor linked to neural differentiation. Multiple pathogenic mutations associated with dystonia cluster within distinct THAP1 functional domains and are predicted to alter DNA-binding properties and/or protein interactions differently, yet the relative impact of these varied changes on molecular signatures and neural deficits is unclear. To determine the effects of these mutations on THAP1 transcriptional activity, we engineered an allelic series of eight alterations in a common induced pluripotent stem cell background and differentiated these lines into a panel of near-isogenic neural stem cells (n = 94 lines). Transcriptome profiling followed by joint analysis of the most robust signatures across mutations identified a convergent pattern of dysregulated genes functionally related to neurodevelopment, lysosomal lipid metabolism, and myelin. On the basis of these observations, we examined mice bearing Thap1-disruptive alleles and detected significant changes in myelin gene expression and reduction of myelin structural integrity relative to control mice. These results suggest that deficits in neurodevelopment and myelination are common consequences of dystonia-associated THAP1 mutations and highlight the potential role of neuron-glial interactions in the pathogenesis of dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Domingo
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rachita Yadav
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shivangi Shah
- The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - William T Hendriks
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Serkan Erdin
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Dadi Gao
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kathryn O'Keefe
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Benjamin Currall
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - James F Gusella
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nutan Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Michelle E Ehrlich
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael E Talkowski
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - D Cristopher Bragg
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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13
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Ygberg S, Akkuratov EE, Howard RJ, Taylan F, Jans DC, Mahato DR, Katz A, Kinoshita PF, Portal B, Nennesmo I, Lindskog M, Karlish SJD, Andersson M, Lindstrand A, Brismar H, Aperia A. A missense mutation converts the Na +,K +-ATPase into an ion channel and causes therapy-resistant epilepsy. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101355. [PMID: 34717959 PMCID: PMC8637647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ion pump Na+,K+-ATPase is a critical determinant of neuronal excitability; however, its role in the etiology of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) is largely unknown. We describe here the molecular phenotype of a Trp931Arg mutation of the Na+,K+-ATPase catalytic α1 subunit in an infant diagnosed with therapy-resistant lethal epilepsy. In addition to the pathological CNS phenotype, we also detected renal wasting of Mg2+. We found that membrane expression of the mutant α1 protein was low, and ion pumping activity was lost. Arginine insertion into membrane proteins can generate water-filled pores in the plasma membrane, and our molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of the principle states of Na+,K+-ATPase transport demonstrated massive water inflow into mutant α1 and destabilization of the ion-binding sites. MD simulations also indicated that a water pathway was created between the mutant arginine residue and the cytoplasm, and analysis of oocytes expressing mutant α1 detected a nonspecific cation current. Finally, neurons expressing mutant α1 were observed to be depolarized compared with neurons expressing wild-type protein, compatible with a lowered threshold for epileptic seizures. The results imply that Na+,K+-ATPase should be considered a neuronal locus minoris resistentia in diseases associated with epilepsy and with loss of plasma membrane integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ygberg
- Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases (CMMS), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evgeny E Akkuratov
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecca J Howard
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel C Jans
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Adriana Katz
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, Israel
| | - Paula F Kinoshita
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benjamin Portal
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Nennesmo
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Lindskog
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven J D Karlish
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, Israel
| | | | - Anna Lindstrand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hjalmar Brismar
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anita Aperia
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Feng XY, Zhao W, Yao Z, Wei NY, Shi AH, Chen WH. Downregulation of ATP1A1 Expression by Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen Saponins: A Potential Mechanism of Antitumor Effects in HepG2 Cells and In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:720368. [PMID: 34690763 PMCID: PMC8529207 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.720368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Na+/K+-ATPase α1 subunit (ATP1A1) is a potential target for hepatic carcinoma (HCC) treatment, which plays a key role in Na+/K+ exchange, metabolism, signal transduction, etc. In vivo, we found that Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) could inhibit tumor growth and significantly downregulate the expression and phosphorylation of ATP1A1/AKT/ERK in tumor-bearing mice. Our study aims to explore the potential effects of PNS on the regulation of ATP1A1 and the possible mechanisms of antitumor activity. The effects of PNS on HepG2 cell viability, migration, and apoptosis were examined in vitro. Fluorescence, Western blot, and RT-PCR analyses were used to examine the protein and gene expression. Further analysis was assessed with a Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor (digitonin) and sorafenib in vitro. We found that the ATP1A1 expression was markedly higher in HepG2 cells than in L02 cells and PNS exhibited a dose-dependent effect on the expression of ATP1A and the regulation of AKT/ERK signaling pathways. Digitonin did not affect the expression of ATP1A1 but attenuated the effects of PNS on the regulation of ATP1A1/AKT/ERK signaling pathways and enhanced the antitumor effect of PNS by promoting nuclear fragmentation. Taken together, PNS inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells via downregulation of ATP1A1 and signal transduction. Our findings will aid a data basis for the clinical use of PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Feng
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zheng Yao
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ning-Yi Wei
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - An-Hua Shi
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Hui Chen
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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15
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Ogawa E, Sakaguchi Y, Enokizono M, Yoshihashi H, Yamada M, Suzuki H, Kosaki K, Miyama S, Takenouchi T. Vanishing basal ganglia in ATP1A3-related polymicrogyria. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:665-667. [PMID: 34633143 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Ogawa
- Department of Child Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Sakaguchi
- Department of Child Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikako Enokizono
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshihashi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamiko Yamada
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sahoko Miyama
- Department of Child Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Ng HWY, Ogbeta JA, Clapcote SJ. Genetically altered animal models for ATP1A3-related disorders. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:272403. [PMID: 34612482 PMCID: PMC8503543 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the past 20 years, particularly with the advent of exome sequencing technologies, autosomal dominant and de novo mutations in the gene encoding the neurone-specific α3 subunit of the Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA α3) pump, ATP1A3, have been identified as the cause of a phenotypic continuum of rare neurological disorders. These allelic disorders of ATP1A3 include (in approximate order of severity/disability and onset in childhood development): polymicrogyria; alternating hemiplegia of childhood; cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy and sensorineural hearing loss syndrome; relapsing encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia; and rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism. Some patients present intermediate, atypical or combined phenotypes. As these disorders are currently difficult to treat, there is an unmet need for more effective therapies. The molecular mechanisms through which mutations in ATP1A3 result in a broad range of neurological symptoms are poorly understood. However, in vivo comparative studies using genetically altered model organisms can provide insight into the biological consequences of the disease-causing mutations in NKA α3. Herein, we review the existing mouse, zebrafish, Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans models used to study ATP1A3-related disorders, and discuss their potential contribution towards the understanding of disease mechanisms and development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah W Y Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jennifer A Ogbeta
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Steven J Clapcote
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.,European Network for Research on Alternating Hemiplegia (ENRAH), 1120 Vienna, Austria
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17
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Moya-Mendez ME, Ogbonna C, Ezekian JE, Rosamilia MB, Prange L, de la Uz C, Kim JJ, Howard T, Garcia J, Nussbaum R, Truty R, Callis TE, Funk E, Heyes M, Dear GDL, Carboni MP, Idriss SF, Mikati MA, Landstrom AP. ATP1A3-Encoded Sodium-Potassium ATPase Subunit Alpha 3 D801N Variant Is Associated With Shortened QT Interval and Predisposition to Ventricular Fibrillation Preceded by Bradycardia. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019887. [PMID: 34459253 PMCID: PMC8649289 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.019887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Pathogenic variation in the ATP1A3‐encoded sodium‐potassium ATPase, ATP1A3, is responsible for alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC). Although these patients experience a high rate of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, the pathophysiologic basis for this risk remains unknown. The objective was to determine the role of ATP1A3 genetic variants on cardiac outcomes as determined by QT and corrected QT (QTc) measurements. Methods and Results We analyzed 12‐lead ECG recordings from 62 patients (male subjects=31, female subjects=31) referred for AHC evaluation. Patients were grouped according to AHC presentation (typical versus atypical), ATP1A3 variant status (positive versus negative), and ATP1A3 variant (D801N versus other variants). Manual remeasurements of QT intervals and QTc calculations were performed by 2 pediatric electrophysiologists. QTc measurements were significantly shorter in patients with positive ATP1A3 variant status (P<0.001) than in patients with genotype‐negative status, and significantly shorter in patients with the ATP1A3‐D801N variant than patients with other variants (P<0.001). The mean QTc for ATP1A3‐D801N was 344.9 milliseconds, which varied little with age, and remained <370 milliseconds throughout adulthood. ATP1A3 genotype status was significantly associated with shortened QTc by multivariant regression analysis. Two patients with the ATP1A3‐D801N variant experienced ventricular fibrillation, resulting in death in 1 patient. Rare variants in ATP1A3 were identified in a large cohort of genotype‐negative patients referred for arrhythmia and sudden unexplained death. Conclusions Patients with AHC who carry the ATP1A3‐D801N variant have significantly shorter QTc intervals and an increased likelihood of experiencing bradycardia associated with life‐threatening arrhythmias. ATP1A3 variants may represent an independent cause of sudden unexplained death. Patients with AHC should be evaluated to identify risk of sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Moya-Mendez
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Chiagoziem Ogbonna
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Jordan E Ezekian
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Michael B Rosamilia
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Lyndsey Prange
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neurology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Caridad de la Uz
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Cardiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Jeffrey J Kim
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Cardiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX
| | - Taylor Howard
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Cardiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX
| | | | | | | | | | - Emily Funk
- Duke University School of NursingAssistant Clinical ProfessorDuke University Durham NC
| | - Matthew Heyes
- Duke University School of NursingAssistant Clinical ProfessorDuke University Durham NC
| | - Guy de Lisle Dear
- Department of Anesthesia Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Michael P Carboni
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Salim F Idriss
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Mohamad A Mikati
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neurology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
| | - Andrew P Landstrom
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Cardiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC.,Department of Cell Biology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC
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18
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Li Y, Tang W, Kang L, Kong S, Dong Z, Zhao D, Liu R, Yu S. Functional correlation of ATP1A2 mutations with phenotypic spectrum: from pure hemiplegic migraine to its variant forms. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:92. [PMID: 34384358 PMCID: PMC8359390 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in ATP1A2, the gene encoding the α2 subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase, are the main cause of familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2). The clinical presentation of FHM2 with mutations in the same gene varies from pure FHM to severe forms with epilepsy and intellectual disability, but the correlation of these symptoms with different ATP1A2 mutations is still unclear. Methods Ten ATP1A2 missense mutations were selected according to different phenotypes of FHM patients. They caused pure FHM (FHM: R65W, R202Q, R593W, G762S), FHM with epilepsy (FHME: R548C, E825K, R938P), or FHM with epilepsy and intellectual disability (FHMEI: T378N, G615R, D718N). After ouabain resistance and fluorescence modification, plasmids carrying those mutations were transiently transfected into HEK293T and HeLa cells. The biochemical functions were studied including cell survival assays, membrane protein extraction, western blotting, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity tests. The electrophysiological functions of G762S, R938P, and G615R mutations were investigated in HEK293T cells using whole-cell patch-clamp. Homology modeling was performed to determine the locational distribution of ATP1A2 mutations. Results Compared with wild-type pumps, all mutations showed a similar level of protein expression and decreased cell viability in the presence of 1 µM ouabain, and there was no significant difference among the mutant groups. The changes in Na+/K+-ATPase activity were correlated with the severity of FHM phenotypes. In the presence of 100 µM ouabain, the Na+/K+-ATPase activity was FHM > FHME > FHMEI. The ouabain-sensitive Na+/K+-ATPase activity of each mutant was significantly lower than that of the wild-type protein, and there was no significant difference among all mutant groups. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings in HEK293T cells showed that the ouabain-sensitive pump currents of G615R were significantly reduced, while those of G762S and R938P were comparable to those of the wild-type strain. Conclusions ATP1A2 mutations cause phenotypes ranging from pure FHM to FHM with epilepsy and intellectual disability due to varying degrees of deficits in biochemical and electrophysiological properties of Na+/K+-ATPase. Mutations associated with intellectual disability presented with severe impairment of Na+/K+-ATPase. Whether epilepsy is accompanied, or the type of epilepsy did not seem to affect the degree of impairment of pump function. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10194-021-01309-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingji Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Kong
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Dengfa Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Ruozhuo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, 100853, Beijing, China.
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19
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Biondo ED, Spontarelli K, Ababioh G, Méndez L, Artigas P. Diseases caused by mutations in the Na +/K + pump α1 gene ATP1A1. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C394-C408. [PMID: 34232746 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00059.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human cell survival requires function of the Na+/K+ pump; the heteromeric protein that hydrolyzes ATP to extrude Na+ and import K+ across the plasmalemma, thereby building and maintaining these ions' electrochemical gradients. Numerous dominant diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding for Na+/K+ pump catalytic (α) subunit isoforms highlight the importance of this protein. Here, we review literature describing disorders caused by missense mutations in ATP1A1, the gene encoding the ubiquitously expressed α1 isoform of the Na+/K+ pump. These various maladies include primary aldosteronism with secondary hypertension, an endocrine syndrome, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral neuropathy, complex spastic paraplegia, another neuromuscular disorder, as well as hypomagnesemia accompanied by seizures and cognitive delay, a condition affecting the renal and central nervous systems. This article focuses on observed commonalities among these mutations' functional effects, as well as on the special characteristics that enable each particular mutation to exclusively affect a certain system, without affecting others. In this respect, it is clear how somatic mutations localized to adrenal adenomas increase aldosterone production without compromising other systems. However, it remains largely unknown how and why some but not all de novo germline or familial mutations (where the mutant must be expressed in numerous tissues) produce a specific disease and not the other diseases. We propose hypotheses to explain this observation and the approaches that we think will drive future research on these debilitating disorders to develop novel patient-specific treatments by combining the use of heterologous protein-expression systems, patient-derived pluripotent cells, and gene-edited cell and mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa D Biondo
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Kerri Spontarelli
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Giovanna Ababioh
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Lois Méndez
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Pablo Artigas
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
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20
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Wang CY, Gao YL, Kong XZ, Liu JX, Zheng CH. Unsupervised Cluster Analysis and Gene Marker Extraction of scRNA-seq Data based on Non-negative Matrix Factorization. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021; 26:458-467. [PMID: 34156956 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2021.3091506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The development of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has made it possible to measure gene expression levels at the resolution of a single cell, which further reveals the complex growth processes of cells such as mutation and differentiation. Recognizing cell heterogeneity is one of the most critical tasks in scRNA-seq research. To solve it, we propose a non-negative matrix factorization framework based on multi-subspace cell similarity learning for unsupervised scRNA-seq data analysis (MscNMF). MscNMF includes three parts: data decomposition, similarity learning, and similarity fusion. The three work together to complete the data similarity learning task. MscNMF can learn the gene features and cell features of different subspaces, and the correlation and heterogeneity between cells will be more prominent in multi-subspaces. The redundant information and noise in each low-dimensional feature space are eliminated, and its gene weight information can be further analyzed to calculate the optimal number of subpopulations. The final cell similarity learning will be more satisfactory due to the fusion of cell similarity information in different subspaces. The advantage of MscNMF is that it can calculate the number of cell types and the rank of Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) reasonably. Experiments on seven real scRNA-seq datasets show that MscNMF can effectively perform clustering tasks and extract useful genetic markers. To verify its clustering performance, the framework is compared with other latest clustering algorithms and satisfactory results are obtained. The code of MscNMF is free available for academic https://github.com/wangchuanyuan1/project-MscNMF).
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21
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Vetro A, Nielsen HN, Holm R, Hevner RF, Parrini E, Powis Z, Møller RS, Bellan C, Simonati A, Lesca G, Helbig KL, Palmer EE, Mei D, Ballardini E, Van Haeringen A, Syrbe S, Leuzzi V, Cioni G, Curry CJ, Costain G, Santucci M, Chong K, Mancini GMS, Clayton-Smith J, Bigoni S, Scheffer IE, Dobyns WB, Vilsen B, Guerrini R. ATP1A2- and ATP1A3-associated early profound epileptic encephalopathy and polymicrogyria. Brain 2021; 144:1435-1450. [PMID: 33880529 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutional heterozygous mutations of ATP1A2 and ATP1A3, encoding for two distinct isoforms of the Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) alpha-subunit, have been associated with familial hemiplegic migraine (ATP1A2), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (ATP1A2/A3), rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia-areflexia-progressive optic atrophy, and relapsing encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia (all ATP1A3). A few reports have described single individuals with heterozygous mutations of ATP1A2/A3 associated with severe childhood epilepsies. Early lethal hydrops fetalis, arthrogryposis, microcephaly, and polymicrogyria have been associated with homozygous truncating mutations in ATP1A2. We investigated the genetic causes of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies variably associated with malformations of cortical development in a large cohort and identified 22 patients with de novo or inherited heterozygous ATP1A2/A3 mutations. We characterized clinical, neuroimaging and neuropathological findings, performed in silico and in vitro assays of the mutations' effects on the NKA-pump function, and studied genotype-phenotype correlations. Twenty-two patients harboured 19 distinct heterozygous mutations of ATP1A2 (six patients, five mutations) and ATP1A3 (16 patients, 14 mutations, including a mosaic individual). Polymicrogyria occurred in 10 (45%) patients, showing a mainly bilateral perisylvian pattern. Most patients manifested early, often neonatal, onset seizures with a multifocal or migrating pattern. A distinctive, 'profound' phenotype, featuring polymicrogyria or progressive brain atrophy and epilepsy, resulted in early lethality in seven patients (32%). In silico evaluation predicted all mutations to be detrimental. We tested 14 mutations in transfected COS-1 cells and demonstrated impaired NKA-pump activity, consistent with severe loss of function. Genotype-phenotype analysis suggested a link between the most severe phenotypes and lack of COS-1 cell survival, and also revealed a wide continuum of severity distributed across mutations that variably impair NKA-pump activity. We performed neuropathological analysis of the whole brain in two individuals with polymicrogyria respectively related to a heterozygous ATP1A3 mutation and a homozygous ATP1A2 mutation and found close similarities with findings suggesting a mainly neural pathogenesis, compounded by vascular and leptomeningeal abnormalities. Combining our report with other studies, we estimate that ∼5% of mutations in ATP1A2 and 12% in ATP1A3 can be associated with the severe and novel phenotypes that we describe here. Notably, a few of these mutations were associated with more than one phenotype. These findings assign novel, 'profound' and early lethal phenotypes of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies and polymicrogyria to the phenotypic spectrum associated with heterozygous ATP1A2/A3 mutations and indicate that severely impaired NKA pump function can disrupt brain morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Vetro
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Hang N Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rikke Holm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Robert F Hevner
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elena Parrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Zoe Powis
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine Danish Epilepsy Centre, Filadelfia, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cristina Bellan
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Bolognini Hospital, ASST-Bergamo Est, Seriate, Italy
| | - Alessandro Simonati
- Neurology (Child Neurology and Neuropathology), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gaétan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Katherine L Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Palmer
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Davide Mei
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Ballardini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Section, Department of Medical Sciences, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arie Van Haeringen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Steffen Syrbe
- Division of Pediatric Epileptology, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cynthia J Curry
- Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco/Fresno, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Costain
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margherita Santucci
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Karen Chong
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefania Bigoni
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Ferrara University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Royal Children's Hospital, Florey and Murdoch Institutes, Melbourne, Australia
| | - William B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bente Vilsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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22
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Salles PA, Mata IF, Brünger T, Lal D, Fernandez HH. ATP1A3-Related Disorders: An Ever-Expanding Clinical Spectrum. Front Neurol 2021; 12:637890. [PMID: 33868146 PMCID: PMC8047318 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.637890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Na+/K+ ATPases are Sodium-Potassium exchanging pumps, with a heteromeric α-β-γ protein complex. The α3 isoform is required as a rescue pump, after repeated action potentials, with a distribution predominantly in neurons of the central nervous system. This isoform is encoded by the ATP1A3 gene. Pathogenic variants in this gene have been implicated in several phenotypes in the last decades. Carriers of pathogenic variants in this gene manifest neurological and non-neurological features in many combinations, usually with an acute onset and paroxysmal episodes triggered by fever or other factors. The first three syndromes described were: (1) rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism; (2) alternating hemiplegia of childhood; and, (3) cerebellar ataxia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS syndrome). Since their original description, an expanding number of cases presenting with atypical and overlapping features have been reported. Because of this, ATP1A3-disorders are now beginning to be viewed as a phenotypic continuum representing discrete expressions along a broadly heterogeneous clinical spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe A Salles
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento, Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Tobias Brünger
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Lal
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Hubert H Fernandez
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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23
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Hoshino K, Sweadner KJ, Kawarai T, Saute JA, Freitas J, Damásio J, Donis KC, Kimura K, Fukuda H, Hayashi M, Higuchi T, Ikeda Y, Ozelius LJ, Kaji R. Rapid-Onset Dystonia-Parkinsonism Phenotype Consistency for a Novel Variant of ATP1A3 in Patients Across 3 Global Populations. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2021; 7:e562. [PMID: 33977143 PMCID: PMC8105889 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Hoshino
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Kathleen J Sweadner
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Toshitaka Kawarai
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Jonas Alex Saute
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Joel Freitas
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Joana Damásio
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Karina C Donis
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Kazue Kimura
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Hideki Fukuda
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Masaharu Hayashi
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Tetsuya Higuchi
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Segawa Memorial Neurological Clinic for Children (K.H., K.K., H.F., M.H.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (T.K., R.K.), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan; Medical Genetics Division (J.A.S., K.C.D.) and Neurology Division (J.A.S.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA); Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences and Internal Medicine Department (J.A.S.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Neurophysiology Division (J.F., J.D.), Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; UniGene (J.F., J.D.), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3s Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.H.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (Y.I.), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; and Department of Neurology (L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
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24
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Calame DG, Houck K, Lotze T, Emrick L, Parnes M. A novel ATP1A2 variant associated with severe stepwise regression, hemiplegia, epilepsy and movement disorders in two unrelated patients. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021; 31:21-26. [PMID: 33578253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in ATP1A2, a gene encoding the α subunit of the Na,K-ATPase, cause familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2). In contrast, pathogenic variants in ATP1A3, an ATP1A2 paralog, cause alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with infantile onset hemiplegic attacks, seizures, dystonia, chorea and developmental delay. Despite high sequence homology with ATP1A3, ATP1A2 variants rarely associate with severe phenotypes resembling those linked to ATP1A3. Here we describe two unrelated patients with infantile onset hemiplegic attacks, refractory epilepsy, movement disorders, abnormal eye movements and truncal ataxia with a shared de novo variant in ATP1A2, c.2438T > A (p.Met813Lys). The variant is not found in population databases, is predicted to be damaging by in silico analysis, and affects a highly conserved residue. Both patients experienced severe attacks with unilateral cerebral edema followed by sustained, stepwise regression. This report highlights the need to sequence ATP1A2 in the workup of patients with features of AHC that do not fulfill AHC diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Calame
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Kimberly Houck
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy Lotze
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lisa Emrick
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mered Parnes
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Lin Z, Li J, Ji T, Wu Y, Gao K, Jiang Y. ATP1A1 de novo Mutation-Related Disorders: Clinical and Genetic Features. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:657256. [PMID: 33968856 PMCID: PMC8098805 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.657256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: ATP1A1 encodes an α1 isoform of Na+/K+-ATPase, which is expressed abundantly in kidneys and central nervous system. ATP1A1 variants may cause Na+/K+-ATPase loss of function and lead to a wide spectrum of phenotypes. This study aims to summarize the clinical and genetic features of ATP1A1 de novo mutation-related disorders and explore the potential correlations between phenotypes and genotypes. Methods: We analyzed two new cases harboring novel de novo ATP1A1 variants and reviewed all reported cases. Results: Both our probands had developmental delay, patient 1 accompanied with sleep disorders, irritability, and patient 2 with refractory seizures. They each had a novel de novo heterozygous missense variant, c.2797G>A[p.Asp933Asn] (NM_000701) and c.2590G>A[p.Gly864Arg] (NM_000701) respectively. Four patients with de novo ATP1A1 variants have been reported in two previous papers. Among them, three patients had refractory seizures and one patient had complex hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). Therefore, all six patients had developmental delay, and four of them had epilepsy. All variants located in the transmembrane regions M3, M4, M7, and M8 of ATP1A1 protein. Four patients with mutations in M3 and M7 had more severe phenotypes, including developmental delay and epileptic encephalopathy, three of them with hypomagnesemia, whereas two patients with mutations in M4 and M8 had milder phenotypes, only with mild developmental delay, without seizures or hypomagnesemia. Correcting hypomagnesemia had not controlled those seizures. Conclusions: Two novel de novo ATP1A1 variants identified in two patients here enriched the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of ATP1A1 mutation-related disorder. Our findings suggest that hypomagnesemia in this disorder might relate to more severe phenotype and indicate more severe Na+/K+-ATPase dysfunction. Variations in M3 and M7 transmembrane regions were related to more severe phenotype than those in M4 and M8, which suggested that variations in M3 and M7 might cause more severe ATP1A1 functional defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehong Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinliang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Taoyun Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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26
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Lazarov E, Hillebrand M, Schröder S, Ternka K, Hofhuis J, Ohlenbusch A, Barrantes-Freer A, Pardo LA, Fruergaard MU, Nissen P, Brockmann K, Gärtner J, Rosewich H. Comparative analysis of alternating hemiplegia of childhood and rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism ATP1A3 mutations reveals functional deficits, which do not correlate with disease severity. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:105012. [PMID: 32653672 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in the ATP1A3 gene, coding for an alpha subunit isoform (α3) of Na+/K+-ATPase, are the primary genetic cause for rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP) and alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC). Recently, cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy and sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS), early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE), childhood rapid onset ataxia (CROA) and relapsing encephalopathy with rapid onset ataxia (RECA) extend the clinical spectrum of ATP1A3 related disorders. AHC and RDP demonstrate distinct clinical features, with AHC symptoms being generally more severe compared to RDP. Currently, it is largely unknown what determines the disease severity, and whether severity is linked to the degree of functional impairment of the α3 subunit. Here we compared the effect of twelve different RDP and AHC specific mutations on the expression and function of the α3 Na+/K+-ATPase in transfected HEK cells and oocytes. All studied mutations led to functional impairment of the pump, as reflected by lower survival rate and reduced pump current. No difference in the extent of impairment, nor in the expression level, was found between the two phenotypes, suggesting that these measures of pump dysfunction do not exclusively determine the disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor Lazarov
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Merle Hillebrand
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Simone Schröder
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Katharina Ternka
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Julia Hofhuis
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Andreas Ohlenbusch
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | | | - Luis A Pardo
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Marlene U Fruergaard
- DANDRITE - Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Dept. Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Poul Nissen
- DANDRITE - Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Dept. Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Knut Brockmann
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Rosewich
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
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27
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Shin C, Yoo D, Kim HJ, Jeon B. Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood in Korea: a Case Report. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e203. [PMID: 32627437 PMCID: PMC7338211 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by recurrent paroxysmal hemiplegic attacks that affect one or the other side of the body. Up to 74% of patients with AHC have a pathologic variant in the ATP1A3 gene. After the introduction of next-generation sequencing, intermediate cases and atypical cases have expanded the clinical spectrum of ATP1A3-related disorders. Herein, we report the first case of AHC in Korea. A 33-year-old man visited our hospital with recurrent hemiplegic and dystonic episode after his first birthday. He was completely normal between episodes and did not have any ataxia, but brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cerebellar atrophy. He also had pes planovalgus deformity. Whole exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous G947R variant in the ATP1A3 gene (c.2839G > C, rs398122887), which is a known pathologic variant. This atypical case of AHC demonstrates the importance of the clinical approach in diagnosing ATP1A3-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaewon Shin
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dallah Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, MRC and Movement Disorder Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Parkinson Study Group, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of Neurology, MRC and Movement Disorder Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Parkinson Study Group, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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28
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Moreno C, Yano S, Bezanilla F, Latorre R, Holmgren M. Transient Electrical Currents Mediated by the Na +/K +-ATPase: A Tour from Basic Biophysics to Human Diseases. Biophys J 2020; 119:236-242. [PMID: 32579966 PMCID: PMC7376075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Na+/K+-ATPase is a chemical molecular machine responsible for the movement of Na+ and K+ ions across the cell membrane. These ions are moved against their electrochemical gradients, so the protein uses the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to transport them. In fact, the Na+/K+-ATPase is the single largest consumer of energy in most cells. In each pump cycle, the protein sequentially exports 3Na+ out of the cell, then imports 2K+ into the cell at an approximate rate of 200 cycles/s. In each half cycle of the transport process, there is a state in which ions are stably trapped within the permeation pathway of the protein by internal and external gates in their closed states. These gates are required to open alternately; otherwise, passive ion diffusion would be a wasteful end of the cell's energy. Once one of these gates open, ions diffuse from their binding sites to the accessible milieu, which involves moving through part of the electrical field across the membrane. Consequently, ions generate transient electrical currents first discovered more than 30 years ago. They have been studied in a variety of preparations, including native and heterologous expression systems. Here, we review three decades' worth of work using these transient electrical signals to understand the kinetic transitions of the movement of Na+ and K+ ions through the Na+/K+-ATPase and propose the significance that this work might have to the understanding of the dysfunction of human pump orthologs responsible for some newly discovered neurological pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moreno
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sho Yano
- Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine Training Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Francisco Bezanilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Gordon Center for Integrative Sciences, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ramon Latorre
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Miguel Holmgren
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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29
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Snow JP, Westlake G, Klofas LK, Jeon S, Armstrong LC, Swoboda KJ, George AL, Ess KC. Neuronal modeling of alternating hemiplegia of childhood reveals transcriptional compensation and replicates a trigger-induced phenotype. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 141:104881. [PMID: 32348881 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare neurodevelopmental disease caused by heterozygous de novo missense mutations in the ATP1A3 gene that encodes the neuronal specific α3 subunit of the Na,K-ATPase (NKA) pump. Mechanisms underlying patient episodes including environmental triggers remain poorly understood, and there are no empirically proven treatments for AHC. In this study, we generated patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and isogenic controls for the E815K ATP1A3 mutation that causes the most phenotypically severe form of AHC. Using an in vitro iPSC-derived cortical neuron disease model, we found elevated levels of ATP1A3 mRNA in AHC lines compared to controls, without significant perturbations in protein expression. Microelectrode array analyses demonstrated that in cortical neuronal cultures, ATP1A3+/E815K iPSC-derived neurons displayed less overall activity than neurons differentiated from isogenic mutation-corrected and unrelated control cell lines. However, induction of cellular stress by elevated temperature revealed a hyperactivity phenotype following heat stress in ATP1A3+/E815K neurons compared to control lines. Treatment with flunarizine, a drug commonly used to prevent AHC episodes, did not impact this stress-triggered phenotype. These findings support the use of iPSC-derived neuronal cultures for studying complex neurodevelopmental conditions such as AHC and provide a platform for mechanistic discovery in a human disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Snow
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Grant Westlake
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lindsay K Klofas
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Soyoun Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Laura C Armstrong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kathryn J Swoboda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alfred L George
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin C Ess
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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30
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Stregapede F, Travaglini L, Rebelo AP, Cintra VP, Bellacchio E, Bosco L, Alfieri P, Pro S, Zuchner S, Bertini E, Nicita F. Hereditary spastic paraplegia is a novel phenotype for germline de novo
ATP1A1
mutation. Clin Genet 2019; 97:521-526. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Stregapede
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
- Department of SciencesUniversity of Roma Tre Rome Italy
| | - Lorena Travaglini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Adriana P. Rebelo
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human GeneticsUniversity of Miami Miami Florida
| | - Vivian Pedigone Cintra
- Ribeirão Preto School of MedicineUniversity of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Emanuele Bellacchio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research DivisionIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Luca Bosco
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Paolo Alfieri
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Stefano Pro
- Unit of Neurophysiology, Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Stephan Zuchner
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human GeneticsUniversity of Miami Miami Florida
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Francesco Nicita
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy
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31
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Factors in the disease severity of ATP1A3 mutations: Impairment, misfolding, and allele competition. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 132:104577. [PMID: 31425744 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dominant mutations of ATP1A3, a neuronal Na,K-ATPase α subunit isoform, cause neurological disorders with an exceptionally wide range of severity. Several new mutations and their phenotypes are reported here (p.Asp366His, p.Asp742Tyr, p.Asp743His, p.Leu924Pro, and a VUS, p.Arg463Cys). Mutations associated with mild or severe phenotypes [rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), or early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE)] were expressed in HEK-293 cells. Paradoxically, the severity of human symptoms did not correlate with whether there was enough residual activity to support cell survival. We hypothesized that distinct cellular consequences may result not only from pump inactivation but also from protein misfolding. Biosynthesis was investigated in four tetracycline-inducible isogenic cell lines representing different human phenotypes. Two cell biological complications were found. First, there was impaired trafficking of αβ complex to Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane, as well as changes in cell morphology, for two mutations that produced microcephaly or regions of brain atrophy in patients. Second, there was competition between exogenous mutant ATP1A3 (α3) and endogenous ATP1A1 (α1) so that their sum was constant. This predicts that in patients, the ratio of normal to mutant ATP1A3 proteins will vary when misfolding occurs. At the two extremes, the results suggest that a heterozygous mutation that only impairs Na,K-ATPase activity will produce relatively mild disease, while one that activates the unfolded protein response could produce severe disease and may result in death of neurons independently of ion pump inactivation.
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