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Yang C, Liu H, Peng X, Li X, Rao G, Xie Z, Yang Q, Du L, Xie C. Key circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs of ShenQi Compound in Protecting Vascular Endothelial Cells From High Glucose Identified by Whole Transcriptome Sequencing. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2023; 81:300-316. [PMID: 36701487 PMCID: PMC10079301 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Vascular endothelial cells, which make up the inner wall of blood arteries, are susceptible to damage from oxidative stress and apoptosis caused by hyperglycemia. According to certain reports, noncoding RNAs are involved in controlling oxidative stress and apoptosis. ShenQi Compound (SQC), a traditional herbal remedy, has been successfully treating diabetic vascular disease in China for more than 20 years. Although it is well established that SQC protects the vascular endothelium, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. Goto-Kakizaki rats, spontaneous type II diabetes rats, that consistently consume a high-fat diet were chosen as model animals. Six groups (control group, model group, metformin group, and 7.2 g/kg/d SQC group, 14.4 g/kg/d SQC group, and 28.8 g/kg/d SQC group) were included in this work, 15 rats each group. The approach of administration was gavage, and the same volume (5.0 mL/kg/d) was given in each group, once a day, 12 weeks. The thoracic aortas were removed after the rats were sacrificed. Oxidative reduction profile in thoracic aorta, histopathological observation of thoracic aorta, endothelial cell apoptosis in thoracic aorta, whole transcriptome sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, and qRT-PCR were conducted. As a result, SQC prevented the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by a high glucose concentration. Under hyperglycemia condition, noncoding RNAs, including 1 downregulated novel circRNA (circRNA.3121), 3 downregulated lncRNAs (Skil.cSep08, Shawso.aSep08-unspliced, and MSTRG.164.2), and 1 upregulated mRNA (Pcdh17), were clearly reverse regulated by SQC. SQC plays a role in protecting vascular endothelial cells from high glucose mainly by mediating ncRNA to inhibit cell apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinqiong Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guocheng Rao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiangfei Yang
- Jianyang City People's Hospital, Sichuan, China; and
| | - Lian Du
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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Shao J, Ding J, Lu L, Hou W, Wang F, Sun Z, Jiang H, Zhao Y. Propofol protects against high glucose-mediated endothelial injury via inhibition of COX2 and iNOS expressions. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:548-555. [PMID: 35607962 PMCID: PMC9827823 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Perioperative hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disorder in the clinic. Hyperglycemia, via upregulation of E74-like ETS transcription factor 3 (ELF3), induces cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions, thus leading to endothelial apoptosis and vascular endothelial injury. Propofol is a widely used anesthetic. In the present study, we explored whether and how propofol protects against high glucose-induced COX2 and iNOS expressions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that high glucose level decreases cell viability and increases COX2 and iNOS expressions in HUVECs. Our data also indicated that ELF3 overexpression participates in high glucose-mediated cell viability reduction and high glucose-induced COX2 and iNOS expressions. Moreover, propofol treatment improves high glucose-mediated reduction in cell viability and decreases COX2 and iNOS expressions via inhibition of ELF3 expressions. Furthermore, specificity protein 1 (SP1) was found to regulate ELF3 expression, thus mediating endothelial injury. Propofol inhibits high glucose-induced SP1 expression. High glucose increases the abundance of SP1 bound to the ELF3 promoter, which can be reversed by propofol treatment. The protective effect of propofol is reversed by SP1 overexpression. In conclusion, propofol downregulates high glucose-induced SP1 expression, thus attenuating high glucose-induced ELF3 expression, inhibiting high glucose-induced COX2 and iNOS expressions, and improving high glucose-mediated cell viability reduction in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Jiang
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86-21-64175590; Fax: +86-21-64174774; E-mail: (H.J.) / E-mail: (Y.Z.)@163.com
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86-21-64175590; Fax: +86-21-64174774; E-mail: (H.J.) / E-mail: (Y.Z.)@163.com
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Chen X, Qi J, Wu Q, Jiang H, Wang J, Chen W, Mao A, Zhu M. High glucose inhibits vascular endothelial Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signal pathway via downregulation of monomethyltransferase SET8 expression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:506-516. [PMID: 32369110 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation plays an important role in hyperglycemia-induced endothelial injury. Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway inhibition participates in hyperglycemia-induced ROS accumulation. Our previous study indicated that SET8 overexpression inhibits high glucose-mediated ROS accumulation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In the present study, we hypothesize that SET8 may play a major role in high glucose-induced ROS accumulation via modulation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Our data indicated that high glucose mediated cell viability reduction, ROS accumulation, and Nrf2/ARE signal pathway inhibition via upregulation of Keap1 expression in HUVECs. Moreover, high glucose inhibited the expressions of SET8 and H4K20me1 (a downstream target of SET8). SET8 overexpression improved high glucose-mediated Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway inhibition and endothelial oxidation. Consistently, the effects of sh-SET8 were similar to that of high glucose treatment and were reversed by si-Keap1. A mechanistic study found that H4K20me1 was enriched at the Keap1 promoter region. SET8 overexpression attenuated Keap1 promoter activity and its expression, while mutant SET8 R259G did not affect Keap1 promoter activity and expression. The results of this study demonstrated that SET8 negatively regulates Keap1 expression, thus participating in high glucose-mediated Nrf2/ARE signal pathway inhibition and oxidative injury in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qichao Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wankun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Anrong Mao
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhao X, Su L, He X, Zhao B, Miao J. Long noncoding RNA CA7-4 promotes autophagy and apoptosis via sponging MIR877-3P and MIR5680 in high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cells. Autophagy 2020; 16:70-85. [PMID: 30957640 PMCID: PMC6984615 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1598750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) that form the inner wall of blood vessels can be injured by high glucose-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Although the role of long noncoding RNA in regulating cell fate has received widespread attention, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that can both regulate autophagy and apoptosis need to be discovered. In this study, we identified that a small chemical molecule, 3-benzyl-5-([2-nitrophenoxy] methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (3BDO), synthesized by us, could inhibit VEC autophagy and apoptosis induced by a high concentration of glucose. To find new lncRNAs that regulate autophagy and apoptosis in VECs, we performed lncRNA microarray analysis. We found and verified an upregulated lncRNA named CA7-4 that was induced by a high concentration of glucose could be downregulated by 3BDO most obviously among all of the detected lncRNAs. Meanwhile, we investigated the mechanism of CA7-4 in regulating VEC autophagy and apoptosis. The results showed that CA7-4 facilitated endothelial autophagy and apoptosis as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by decoying MIR877-3P and MIR5680. Further study elucidated that MIR877-3P could trigger the decrease of CTNNBIP1 (catenin beta interacting protein 1) by combining with its 3' UTR and then upregulating CTNNB1 (catenin beta 1); MIR5680 inhibited the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by targeting and decreasing DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4). Therefore, CA7-4, MIR877-3P and MIR5680 represent new signal pathways that regulate VEC autophagy and apoptosis under the high-glucose condition.Abbreviations: 3BDO: 3-benzyl-5-([2-nitrophenoxy] methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one; 3' UTR: 3' untranslated region; AGO2: argonaute RISC catalytic component 2; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase/protein kinase AMP-activated; BAX/BCL2L4: BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; CASP3: caspase 3; ceRNA: competing endogenous RNA; CTNNB1: catenin beta 1; CTNNBIP1/ICAT: catenin beta interacting protein 1; DPP4: dipeptidyl peptidase 4; FGF2/FGF-2: fibroblast growth factor 2; HG: high concentration glucose (30 mM glucose); lncRNA: long noncoding RNA; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; miRNA: microRNA; MIR4778-3P: microRNA 4778-3p; MIR561-3P: microRNA 561-3p; MIR5680: microRNA 5680; MIR877-3P: microRNA 877-3p; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; Mut: mutant; NC: negative control; NG: normal concentration glucose (5.5 mM glucose); PARP1: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1; qPCR: quantitative real-time PCR; RNA-FISH: RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RT-PCR: reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; siRNA: small interfering RNA; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TGFB2-OT1: TGFB2 overlapping transcript 1; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling; VECs: vascular endothelial cells; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Le Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying He
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, P. R. China
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Wang J, Qi J, Wu Q, Jiang H, Yin Y, Huan Y, Zhao Y, Zhu M. Propofol attenuates high glucose-induced P66shc expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells through Sirt1. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:197-203. [PMID: 30590376 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Perioperative hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disorder in clinic settings. Hyperglycemia leads to endothelial inflammation, endothelial cell apoptosis, and dysfunction, thus resulting in endothelial injury. Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is a widely used intravenous anesthetic in clinic settings. Our previous study indicated that propofol inhibits mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via down-regulation of phosphatase A2 (PP2A) expression, inhibition of Ser36-p66shc dephosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation, thus improving high glucose-induced endothelial injury. The expression of p66shc was inhibited by propofol in hyperglycemic human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). However, the mechanism by which propofol inhibits p66shc expression in hyperglycemic HUVECs is still obscure. In the present study, we mainly examined how propofol inhibited high glucose-induced p66shc expression in HUVECs. Compared with 5 mM glucose treatment, high glucose increased p66shc expression and decreased sirt1 expression, which was inhibited by propofol treatment. Moreover, EX527 (a sirt1 inhibitor) reversed the effect of propofol against high glucose-induced p66shc expression. However, EX527 did not reverse the effects of propofol against high glucose-induced ROS accumulation, endothelial inflammation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, when cells were incubated with propofol, EX527, and FTY720 (a PP2A activator) simultaneously, the effects of propofol against high glucose-induced ROS accumulation, inflammation, and apoptosis were reversed. Our results suggested that propofol inhibited high glucose-induced p66shc expression via upregulation of sirt1 expression in hyperglycemic HUVECs. Moreover, propofol protects against high glucose-mediated ROS accumulation and endothelial injury via both inhibition of p66shc expression and dephosphorylation of Ser36-p66shc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qichao Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehao Yin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Eye and Ant Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Pu J, Zhu S, Zhou D, Zhao L, Yin M, Wang Z, Hong J. Propofol Alleviates Apoptosis Induced by Chronic High Glucose Exposure via Regulation of HIF-1 α in H9c2 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4824035. [PMID: 31093315 PMCID: PMC6481038 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4824035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sedative anesthetic, propofol, is a cardioprotective agent for hyperglycemia-induced myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction in rats. However, the specific protective mechanism has not been clarified. METHODS AND RESULTS In this experiment, we used H9c2 cells subjected to 22 mM glucose lasting for 72 hours as an in vitro model of cardiomyocyte injury by hyperglycemia and investigated the potential mechanism of propofol against hyperglycemic stress in cells. Propofol (5, 10, or 20 μM) was added to the cell cultures before and during the high glucose culture phases. Cell viability and levels of ROS were measured. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were tested by ELISA. The levels of SIRT3, SOD2, PHD2, HIF-1α, Bcl-2, P53, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins were detected by western blotting. Our data showed that propofol attenuated high glucose-induced cell apoptosis accompanied by a decrease in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, propofol decreased the apoptosis of H9c2 cells via increasing the expression of Bcl-2, SIRT3, SOD2, and PHD2 proteins and decreasing the expression of cleaved caspase-3, P53, and HIF-1α. Real-time PCR analysis showed that propofol did not significantly change the HIF-1α but increase PHD2 at mRNA level. HIF-1α silence significantly decreased apoptosis and inflammation in H9c2 cell during high glucose stress. Pretreatment of IOX2 (the inhibitor of PHD2) inhibited cell viability until the concentration reached 200 μM during high glucose stress. However, 50 μM TYP (the inhibitor of SIRT3) significantly inhibited cell viability during high glucose stress. Delayed IOX2 treatment for 6 hours significantly inhibited cell viability during high glucose stress. CONCLUSIONS Propofol might alleviate cell apoptosis via SIRT3-HIF-1α axis during high glucose stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Pu
- 1Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital (Originally Named Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun Zhu
- 1Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital (Originally Named Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- 1Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital (Originally Named Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lidong Zhao
- 1Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital (Originally Named Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yin
- 3School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zejian Wang
- 3School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Hong
- 1Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital (Originally Named Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hsu SS, Jan CR, Liang WZ. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of propofol and its related mechanism in glioblastoma cells and astrocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2440-2454. [PMID: 28804952 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol), one of the extensively and commonly used anesthetic agents, has been shown to affect the biological behavior of various models. Previous researches have shown that propofol-induced cytotoxicity might cause anticancer effect in different cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of propofol on cytotoxicity is still elusive in human glioblastoma cells. The aims of this study were to evaluate effects of propofol on cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution and ROS production, and establish the relationship between oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in GBM 8401 human glioblastoma cells and DI TNC1 rat astrocytes. Propofol (20-30 μM) concentration-dependently induced cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and increased ROS production in GBM 8401 cells but not in DI TNC1 cells. In GBM 8401 cells, propofol induced G2/M phase cell arrest, which affected the CDK1, cyclin B1, p53, and p21 protein expression levels. Furthermore, propofol induced oxygen stresses by increasing O2- and H2 O2 levels but treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) partially reversed propofol-regulated antioxidative enzyme levels (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase). Most significantly, propofol induced apoptotic effects by decreasing Bcl-2 but increasing Bax, cleaved caspase-9/caspase-3 levels, which were partially reversed by NAC. Moreover, the pancaspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK also partially prevented propofol-induced apoptosis. Together, in GBM 8401 cells but not in DI TNC1 cells, propofol activated ROS-associated apoptosis that involved cell cycle arrest and caspase activation. These findings indicate that propofol not only can be an anesthetic agent which reduces pain but also has the potential to be used for the treatment of human glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Shong Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 813, Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Ren Jan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 813, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Zhe Liang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 813, Republic of China
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Li F, Li Q, Shi X, Guo Y. Maslinic acid inhibits impairment of endothelial functions induced by high glucose in HAEC cells through improving insulin signaling and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:904-913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Xu Z, Lu Y, Wang J, Ding X, Chen J, Miao C. The protective effect of propofol against TNF-α-induced apoptosis was mediated via inhibiting iNOS/NO production and maintaining intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:664-672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and JAK1/STAT3 pathway are involved in the protective effect of propofol on BV2 microglia against hypoxia-induced inflammation and apoptosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178098. [PMID: 28542400 PMCID: PMC5441598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative hypoxia may induce microglial inflammation and apoptosis, resulting in brain injury. The neuroprotective effect of propofol against hypoxia has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms are far from clear. In this study, we explored whether and how propofol could attenuate microglia BV2 cells from CoCl2-induced hypoxic injury. METHODS Mouse microglia BV2 cells were pretreated with propofol, and then stimulated with CoCl2. TNF-α level in the culture medium was measured by ELISA kit. Cell apoptosis and intracellular calcium concentration were measured by flow cytometry analysis. The effect of propofol on CoCl2-modulated expression of Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKIIα), phosphorylated CAMKIIα (pCAMKIIα), STAT3, pSTAT3Y705, pSTAT3S727, ERK1/2, pERK1/2, pNFκB(p65), pro-caspase3, cleaved caspase 3, JAK1, pJAK1, JAK2, pJAK2 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS In BV2 cell, CoCl2 treatment time-dependently increased TNF-α release and induced apoptosis, which were alleviated by propofol. CoCl2 (500μmol/L, 8h) treatment increased intracellular Ca2+ level, and caused the phosphorylation of CAMKIIα, ERK1/2 and NFκB (p65), as well as the activation of caspase 3. More importantly, these effects could be modulated by 25μmol/L propofol via maintaining intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and via up-regulating the phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT3 at Tyr705. CONCLUSION Propofol could protect BV2 microglia from hypoxia-induced inflammation and apoptosis. The potential mechanisms may involve the maintaining of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the activation of JAK1/STAT3 pathway.
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Lu Y, Chen W, Lin C, Wang J, Zhu M, Chen J, Miao C. The protective effects of propofol against CoCl 2-induced HT22 cell hypoxia injury via PP2A/CAMKIIα/nNOS pathway. BMC Anesthesiol 2017; 17:32. [PMID: 28241801 PMCID: PMC5329915 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-017-0327-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Perioperative cerebral ischemia/hypoxia could induce hippocampal injury and has been reported to induce cognitive impairment. In this study, we used cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to build a hypoxia model in mouse hippocampal cell lines. Propofol, a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent, has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effect. Here, we explored whether and how propofol attenuated CoCl2-induced mouse hippocampal HT22 cell injury. Methods Mouse hippocampal HT22 cells were pretreated with propofol, and then stimulated with CoCl2. Cell viability was measured by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8). The effect of propofol on CoCl2-modulated expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), BAX, cleaved caspase 3, phosphatase A2 (PP2A), and the phosphorylation of Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (pCAMKIIα), neuron nitric oxide synthase at Ser1412 (pnNOS-Ser1412), neuron nitric oxide synthase at Ser847 (pnNOS-Ser847) were detected by Western blot analysis. Results Compared with control, CoCl2 treatment could significantly decrease cell viability, which could be reversed by propofol. Further, we found CoCl2 treatment could up-regulate the expression of PP2A, BAX, cleaved caspase three and cause the phosphorylation of nNOS-Ser1412, but it down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and the phosphorylation of CAMKIIα and nNOS-Ser847. More importantly, these CoCl2-mediated effects were attentuated by propofol. In addition, we demonstrated that propofol could exert similar effect to that of the PP2A inhibitor (okadaic acid). Further, the PP2A activator (FTY720) and the CAMKIIα inhibitor (KN93) could reverse the neuroprotective effect of propofol. Conclusion Our data indicated that propofol could attenuate CoCl2-induced HT22 cells hypoxia injury via PP2A/CAMKIIα/nNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wu Q, Zhao Y, Duan W, Liu Y, Chen X, Zhu M. Propofol inhibits high glucose-induced PP2A expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 91:18-25. [PMID: 28188886 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative hyperglycemia is a common clinical metabolic disorder. Hyperglycemia could induce endothelial apoptosis, dysfunction and inflammation, resulting in endothelial injury. Propofol is a widely used anesthetic drug in clinical settings. Our previous studies indicated that propofol, via inhibiting high glucose-induced phosphatase A2 (PP2A) expression, attenuated high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thus improving endothelial apoptosis, dysfunction and inflammation. However, the mechanisms by which propofol attenuated high glucose-induced PP2A expression is still obscure. In the present study, we examined how propofol attenuates high glucose-induced endothelial PP2A expression. Compared with 5mM glucose treatment, 15mM glucose up-regulated expression and activity of PP2A, increased cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), Ca2+-calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMK II) phosphorylation and Ca2+ accumulation. More importantly, propofol decreased PP2A expression and activity, attenuated CREB, CaMK II phosphorylation and Ca2+ accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, we demonstrated that the effect of propofol was similar to that of MK801, an inhibitor of NMDA receptor. In contrast, rapastinel, an activator of NMDA receptor, antagonized the effect of propofol. Also, the effect of KN93, an inhibitor of CaMK II, was similar to that of propofol, except KN93 had no effect on 15mM glucose-mediated Ca2+ accumulation. Our data indicated that propofol, via inhibiting NMDA receptor, attenuated 15mM glucose-induced Ca2+ accumulation, CaMK II and CREB phosphorylation, thus inhibiting PP2A expression and improving 15mM glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wenming Duan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Xinjiang Medical University, Affiliated Tumour Hospital, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
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13
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Western diet in the perinatal period promotes dysautonomia in the offspring of adult rats. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2016; 8:216-225. [PMID: 27931267 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174416000623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of a western diet during gestation and lactation on the anthropometry, serum biochemical, blood pressure and cardiovascular autonomic control on the offspring. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to their mother's diet received: control group (C: 18% calories of lipids) and westernized group (W: 32% calories of lipids). After weaning both groups received standard diet. On the 60th day of life, blood samples were collected for the analysis of fasting glucose and lipidogram. Cardiovascular parameters were measured on the same period. Autonomic nervous system modulation was evaluated by spectrum analysis of heart rate (HR) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP). The W increased glycemia (123±2 v. 155±2 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (15±1 v. 31±2 mg/dl), triglycerides (49±1 v. 85±2 mg/dl), total cholesterol (75±2 v. 86±2 mg/dl), and decreased high-density lipoprotein (50±4 v. 38±3 mg/dl), as well as increased body mass (209±4 v. 229±6 g) than C. Furthermore, the W showed higher SAP (130±4 v. 157±2 mmHg), HR (357±10 v. 428±14 bpm), sympathetic modulation to vessels (2.3±0.56 v. 6±0.84 mmHg2) and LF/HF ratio (0.15±0.01 v. 0.7±0.2) than C. These findings suggest that a western diet during pregnancy and lactation leads to overweight associated with autonomic misbalance and hypertension in adulthood.
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Qin W, Ren B, Wang S, Liang S, He B, Shi X, Wang L, Liang J, Wu F. Apigenin and naringenin ameliorate PKCβII-associated endothelial dysfunction via regulating ROS/caspase-3 and NO pathway in endothelial cells exposed to high glucose. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 85:39-49. [PMID: 27473516 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a key event in the progression of atherosclerosis with diabetes. Increasing cell apoptosis may lead to endothelial dysfunction. Apigenin and naringenin are two kinds of widely used flavones. In the present study, we investigated whether and how apigenin and naringenin reduced endothelial dysfunction induced by high glucose in endothelial cells. We showed that apigenin and naringenin protected against endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting phosphorylation of protein kinase C βII (PKCβII) expression and downstream reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in endothelial cells exposed to high glucose. Furthermore, we demonstrated that apigenin and naringenin reduced high glucose-increased apoptosis, Bax expression, caspase-3 activity and phosphorylation of NF-κB in endothelial cells. Moreover, apigenin and naringenin effectively restored high glucose-reduced Bcl-2 expression and Akt phosphorylation. Importantly, apigenin and naringenin significantly increased NO production in endothelial cells subjected to high glucose challenge. Consistently, high glucose stimulation impaired acetylcholine (ACh)-mediated vasodilation in the rat aorta, apigenin and naringenin treatment restored the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation via dramatically increasing eNOS activity and nitric oxide (NO) level. Taken together, our results manifest that apigenin and naringenin can ameliorate endothelial dysfunction via regulating ROS/caspase-3 and NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qin
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Bei Ren
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Taiyuan Institute For Food And Drug Control, 85 Longcheng Avenue, Taiyuan 030000, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shujun Liang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Baiqiu He
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xiaoji Shi
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Liying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jingyu Liang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Feihua Wu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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15
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Wang J, Jiang H, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Zhu M. Propofol attenuates high glucose-induced superoxide anion accumulation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 30:511-516. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University; No. 270 DongAn Road Shanghai 200032 China
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16
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Yuan D, Su G, Liu Y, Chi X, Feng J, Zhu Q, Cai J, Luo G, Hei Z. Propofol attenuated liver transplantation-induced acute lung injury via connexin43 gap junction inhibition. J Transl Med 2016; 14:194. [PMID: 27364362 PMCID: PMC4929774 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe complication after liver transplantation, which influences patient survival rate obviously. However, its mechanisms are unclear and effective therapies are still lacking. The current study focused on effects of propofol on liver transplantation-induced ALI and whether its underlying mechanism was relative with connexin43 (Cx43) alternation. The authors postulated that endotoxin induced enhancement of Cx43 gap junction (GJ) plays a critical role in mediating post liver transplantation ALI and that pretreatment with the anesthetic propofol, known to inhibit gap junction, can confer effective protection. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent autologous orthotopic liver transplantation (AOLT) in the absence or presence of treatments with the selective Cx43 inhibitor, enanthol (0.1 mg/kg) and propofol (50 mg/kg), a commonly used anesthetic in clinical anesthesia. In vitro study, BEAS-2B cells, a kind of lung epithelial cell line expressing Cx43, exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which mainly contributed to ALI. Function of Cx43 GJ was regulated by Cx43 specific inhibitors, gap26 (300 μM) or enhancer, retinoic acid (10 μM) and two specific siRNAs. RESULTS Compared with the sham group, AOLT results in ALI obviously with plasma endotoxin increase. Cx43 inhibition decreased ALI through inflammatory reaction reduction. In vitro studies, LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells damage was attenuated by Cx43 function inhibition, but amplified by enhancement. Another important finding was propofol reduced Cx43 function and protected against LPS-mediated BEAS-2B cells damage or AOLT-induced ALI, mechanisms of which were also associated with inflammatory reaction decrease. CONCLUSION Cx43 plays a vital role in liver transplantation-induced ALI. Propofol decreased Cx43 function and protected against ALI in vivo and in vitro. This finding provide a new basis for targeted intervention of organ protection in liver transplantation, even in other kinds of operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangjie Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinjin Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gangjian Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqing Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Su JB. Vascular endothelial dysfunction and pharmacological treatment. World J Cardiol 2015; 7:719-741. [PMID: 26635921 PMCID: PMC4660468 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v7.i11.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium exerts multiple actions involving regulation of vascular permeability and tone, coagulation and fibrinolysis, inflammatory and immunological reactions and cell growth. Alterations of one or more such actions may cause vascular endothelial dysfunction. Different risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, homocystinemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension, smoking, inflammation, and aging contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction. Mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction are multiple, including impaired endothelium-derived vasodilators, enhanced endothelium-derived vasoconstrictors, over production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, activation of inflammatory and immune reactions, and imbalance of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Endothelial dysfunction occurs in many cardiovascular diseases, which involves different mechanisms, depending on specific risk factors affecting the disease. Among these mechanisms, a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability plays a central role in the development of endothelial dysfunction because NO exerts diverse physiological actions, including vasodilation, anti-inflammation, antiplatelet, antiproliferation and antimigration. Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that a variety of currently used or investigational drugs, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin AT1 receptors blockers, angiotensin-(1-7), antioxidants, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, endothelial NO synthase enhancers, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, sphingosine-1-phosphate and statins, exert endothelial protective effects. Due to the difference in mechanisms of action, these drugs need to be used according to specific mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction of the disease.
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Zhao H, Ma T, Fan B, Yang L, Han C, Luo J, Kong L. Protective effect of trans-δ-viniferin against high glucose-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells through the SIRT1 pathway. Free Radic Res 2015; 50:68-83. [PMID: 26483208 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1108412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. Trans-δ-viniferin (TVN), a polyphenolic compound, has recently attracted much attention as an antioxidant exhibiting a hypoglycemic potential. In the present study, we aimed at investigating the protective effect of TVN against high glucose-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the potential mechanism involved. We found that TVN attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increased catalase (CAT) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels to ameliorate cell survival induced by 35 mM glucose. Meanwhile, it inhibited high glucose-induced apoptosis by maintaining Ca(2+) and preserving mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels. The immunoblot analysis indicated that TVN efficiently regulated the cleavage of caspase family, p53, Bax and Bcl-2, all mediated by SIRT1. Furthermore, the increased level of SIRT1 induced by TVN was inhibited by nicotinamide and siRNA-medicated SIRT1 silencing (si-SIRT1), thereby confirming the significant role of SIRT1 in these events. In conclusion, our results indicated that TVN efficiently reduced oxidative stress and maintained mitochondrial function related with activating SIRT1 in high glucose-treated HUVECs. It suggested that TVN is pharmacologically promising for treating diabetic cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhao
- a Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Ting Ma
- a Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Boyi Fan
- a Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Lei Yang
- a Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Chao Han
- a Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Jianguang Luo
- a Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- a Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
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