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Huang YS, Fan CH, Hsu N, Chiu NH, Wu CY, Chang CY, Wu BH, Hong SR, Chang YC, Yan-Tang Wu A, Guo V, Chiang YC, Hsu WC, Chen L, Pin-Kuang Lai C, Yeh CK, Lin YC. Sonogenetic Modulation of Cellular Activities Using an Engineered Auditory-Sensing Protein. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1089-1100. [PMID: 31884787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecules that respond to different external stimuli enable the remote control of genetically modified cells. We report herein a sonogenetic approach that can manipulate target cell activities by focused ultrasound stimulation. This system requires an ultrasound-responsive protein derived from an engineered auditory-sensing protein prestin. Heterologous expression of mouse prestin containing two parallel amino acid substitutions, N7T and N308S, that frequently exist in prestins from echolocating species endowed transfected mammalian cells with the ability to sense ultrasound. An ultrasound pulse of low frequency and low pressure efficiently evoked cellular calcium responses after transfecting with prestin(N7T, N308S). Moreover, pulsed ultrasound can also noninvasively stimulate target neurons expressing prestin(N7T, N308S) in deep regions of mouse brains. Our study delineates how an engineered auditory-sensing protein can cause mammalian cells to sense ultrasound stimulation. Moreover, our sonogenetic tools will serve as new strategies for noninvasive therapy in deep tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Shen Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Ning Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Nai-Hua Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yao Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Chu-Yuan Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Bing-Huan Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Shi-Rong Hong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chu Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Anthony Yan-Tang Wu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program , Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Vanessa Guo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chen Chiang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Linyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Charles Pin-Kuang Lai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program , Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program , National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
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Destination and consequences of Panx1 and mutant expression in polarized MDCK cells. Exp Cell Res 2019; 381:235-247. [PMID: 31102595 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The channel-forming membrane glycoprotein pannexin 1 (Panx1) is best characterized as an ATP release channel. To investigate the trafficking and sorting of Panx1, we used polarized MDCK cells and non-polarized BICR-M1Rk cells to track the fate of GFP-tagged Panx1. In non-polarized cells, Panx1 was found throughout the plasma membrane, including the lamellipodia of the tumor cells and the cell surface-targeting domain was mapped to residues 307-379. Panx1 was preferentially enriched at the apical membrane domain of polarized MDCK cells grown as monolayer sheets or as spheroids. Residual Panx1 localized within basolateral membranes of polarized MDCK cells was independent of a putative dileucine sorting motif LL365/6 found within the C-terminal of Panx1. Unexpectedly, stable expression of a Panx1 mutant, where a putative tyrosine-based basolateral sorting motif (YxxØ) was mutated (Y308F), or a truncated Δ379 Panx1 mutant, caused MDCK cells to lose cell-cell contacts and their ability to polarize as they underwent a switch to a more fibroblast-like phenotype. We conclude that Panx1 is preferentially delivered to the apical domain of polarized epithelial cells, and Panx1 mutants drive phenotypic changes to MDCK cells preventing their polarization.
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Takahashi S, Yamashita T, Homma K, Zhou Y, Zuo J, Zheng J, Cheatham MA. Deletion of exons 17 and 18 in prestin's STAS domain results in loss of function. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6874. [PMID: 31053797 PMCID: PMC6499820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cochlear outer hair cells (OHC) express the motor protein, prestin, which is required for sensitivity and frequency selectivity. Because our previous work showed that a calmodulin binding site (CBS) was located in prestin's C-terminal, specifically within the intrinsically disordered region, we sought to delete the IDR to study the functional significance of calcium-dependent, calmodulin binding on OHC function. Although the construct lacking the IDR (∆IDR prestin) demonstrated wildtype-like nonlinear capacitance (NLC) in HEK293T cells, the phenotype in ∆IDR prestin knockins (KI) was similar to that in prestin knockouts: thresholds were elevated, NLC was absent and OHCs were missing from basal regions of the cochlea. Although ∆IDR prestin mRNA was measured, no prestin protein was detected. At the mRNA level, both of prestin's exons 17 and 18 were entirely removed, rather than the smaller region encoding the IDR. Our hybrid exon that contained the targeted deletion (17-18 ∆IDR) failed to splice in vitro and prestin protein lacking exons 17 and 18 aggregated and failed to target the cell membrane. Hence, the absence of prestin protein in ∆IDR KI OHCs may be due to the unexpected splicing of the hybrid 17-18 ∆IDR exon followed by rapid degradation of nonfunctional prestin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoe Takahashi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tetsuji Yamashita
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kazuaki Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yingjie Zhou
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mary Ann Cheatham
- Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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Membrane prestin expression correlates with the magnitude of prestin-associated charge movement. Hear Res 2016; 339:50-9. [PMID: 27262187 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Full expression of electromotility, generation of non-linear capacitance (NLC), and high-acuity mammalian hearing require prestin function in the lateral wall of cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs). Estimates of the number of prestin molecules in the OHC membrane vary, and a consensus has not emerged about the correlation between prestin expression and prestin-associated charge movement in the OHC. Using an inducible prestin-expressing cell line, we demonstrate that the charge density, but not the voltage at peak capacitance, directly correlates with the amount of prestin in the plasma membrane. This correlation is evident in studies involving a controlled increase of prestin expression with time after induction and inducer dose-response. Conversely, membrane prestin levels and charge density gradually decline together following the reduction of prestin levels from a steady state by removal of the inducer. Thus, charge density directly correlates with the level of membrane prestin expression, whereas changing membrane levels of prestin have no effect on the voltage at peak capacitance in this inducible prestin-expressing cell line.
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