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Hu Y, Luo Z, Wang M, Wu Z, Liu Y, Cheng Z, Sun Y, Xiong JW, Tong X, Zhu Z, Zhang B. Prox1a promotes liver growth and differentiation by repressing cdx1b expression and intestinal fate transition in zebrafish. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00248-0. [PMID: 39343095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The liver is a key endoderm-derived multifunctional organ within the digestive system. Prospero homeobox 1 (Prox1) is an essential transcription factor for liver development, but its specific function is not well understood. Here, we show that hepatic development, including the formation of intrahepatic biliary and vascular networks, is severely disrupted in prox1a mutant zebrafish. We find that Prox1a is essential for liver growth and proper differentiation but not required for early hepatic cell fate specification. Intriguingly, prox1a depletion leads to ectopic initiation of a Cdx1b-mediated intestinal program and the formation of intestinal lumen-like structures within the liver. Morpholino knockdown of cdx1b alleviates liver defects in the prox1a mutant zebrafish. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis reveals that Prox1a binds directly to the promoter region of cdx1b, thereby repressing its expression. Overall, our findings indicate that Prox1a is required to promote and protect hepatic development by repression of Cdx1b-mediated intestinal cell fate in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Meiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zekai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yunxing Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen ,Guangdong 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhenchao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Wei Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjun Tong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
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2
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Phng LK, Hogan BM. Endothelial cell transitions in zebrafish vascular development. Dev Growth Differ 2024; 66:357-368. [PMID: 39072708 PMCID: PMC11457512 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, developmental biologists have come to view vascular development as a series of progressive transitions. Mesoderm differentiates into endothelial cells; arteries, veins and lymphatic endothelial cells are specified from early endothelial cells; and vascular networks diversify and invade developing tissues and organs. Our understanding of this elaborate developmental process has benefitted from detailed studies using the zebrafish as a model system. Here, we review a number of key developmental transitions that occur in zebrafish during the formation of the blood and lymphatic vessel networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Phng
- Laboratory for Vascular Morphogenesis, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Organogenesis and Cancer Programme, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology and the Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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3
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Chen J, Ding J, Li Y, Feng F, Xu Y, Wang T, He J, Cang J, Luo L. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 drives brain lymphatic endothelial cell development through integrin αvβ3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5986. [PMID: 39013903 PMCID: PMC11252342 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In zebrafish, brain lymphatic endothelial cells (BLECs) are essential for meningeal angiogenesis and cerebrovascular regeneration. Although epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (Egfl7) has been reported to act as a pro-angiogenic factor, its roles in lymphangiogenesis remain unclear. Here, we show that Egfl7 is expressed in both blood and lymphatic endothelial cells. We generate an egfl7 cq180 mutant with a 13-bp-deletion in exon 3 leading to reduced expression of Egfl7. The egfl7 cq180 mutant zebrafish exhibit defective formation of BLEC bilateral loop-like structures, although trunk and facial lymphatic development remains unaffected. Moreover, while the egfl7 cq180 mutant displays normal BLEC lineage specification, the migration and proliferation of these cells are impaired. Additionally, we identify integrin αvβ3 as the receptor for Egfl7. αvβ3 is expressed in the CVP and sprouting BLECs, and blocking this integrin inhibits the formation of BLEC bilateral loop-like structures. Thus, this study identifies a role for Egfl7 in BLEC development that is mediated through the integrin αvβ3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Anaesthesia of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Ding
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Fujuan Feng
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhang Xu
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Cang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Anaesthesia of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Anaesthesia of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China.
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4
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He X, Xiong D, Zhao L, Fu J, Luo L. Meningeal lymphatic supporting cells govern the formation and maintenance of zebrafish mural lymphatic endothelial cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5547. [PMID: 38956047 PMCID: PMC11220022 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The meninges are critical for the brain functions, but the diversity of meningeal cell types and intercellular interactions have yet to be thoroughly examined. Here we identify a population of meningeal lymphatic supporting cells (mLSCs) in the zebrafish leptomeninges, which are specifically labeled by ependymin. Morphologically, mLSCs form membranous structures that enwrap the majority of leptomeningeal blood vessels and all the mural lymphatic endothelial cells (muLECs). Based on its unique cellular morphologies and transcriptional profile, mLSC is characterized as a unique cell type different from all the currently known meningeal cell types. Because of the formation of supportive structures and production of pro-lymphangiogenic factors, mLSCs not only promote muLEC development and maintain the dispersed distributions of muLECs in the leptomeninges, but also are required for muLEC regeneration after ablation. This study characterizes a newly identified cell type in leptomeninges, mLSC, which is required for muLEC development, maintenance, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Daiqin Xiong
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Jialong Fu
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Yangpu, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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5
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Panara V, Varaliová Z, Wilting J, Koltowska K, Jeltsch M. The relationship between the secondary vascular system and the lymphatic vascular system in fish. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 38940420 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
New technologies have resulted in a better understanding of blood and lymphatic vascular heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular levels. However, we still need to learn more about the heterogeneity of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems among different species at the anatomical and functional levels. Even the deceptively simple question of the functions of fish lymphatic vessels has yet to be conclusively answered. The most common interpretation assumes a similar dual setup of the vasculature in zebrafish and mammals: a cardiovascular circulatory system, and a lymphatic vascular system (LVS), in which the unidirectional flow is derived from surplus interstitial fluid and returned into the cardiovascular system. A competing interpretation questions the identity of the lymphatic vessels in fish as at least some of them receive their flow from arteries via specialised anastomoses, neither requiring an interstitial source for the lymphatic flow nor stipulating unidirectionality. In this alternative view, the 'fish lymphatics' are a specialised subcompartment of the cardiovascular system, called the secondary vascular system (SVS). Many of the contradictions found in the literature appear to stem from the fact that the SVS develops in part or completely from an embryonic LVS by transdifferentiation. Future research needs to establish the extent of embryonic transdifferentiation of lymphatics into SVS blood vessels. Similarly, more insight is needed into the molecular regulation of vascular development in fish. Most fish possess more than the five vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes and three VEGF receptor genes that we know from mice or humans, and the relative tolerance of fish to whole-genome and gene duplications could underlie the evolutionary diversification of the vasculature. This review discusses the key elements of the fish lymphatics versus the SVS and attempts to draw a picture coherent with the existing data, including phylogenetic knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Panara
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
- Beijer Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 A, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden
| | - Zuzana Varaliová
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
- Drug Research Program, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Institute of Anatomy and Embryology, University Medical School Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 36, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
- Beijer Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - Michael Jeltsch
- Drug Research Program, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
- Helsinki One Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 4, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Yliopistonkatu 3, Helsinki, 00100, Finland
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6
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Panara V, Yu H, Peng D, Staxäng K, Hodik M, Filipek-Gorniok B, Kazenwadel J, Skoczylas R, Mason E, Allalou A, Harvey NL, Haitina T, Hogan BM, Koltowska K. Multiple cis-regulatory elements control prox1a expression in distinct lymphatic vascular beds. Development 2024; 151:dev202525. [PMID: 38722096 PMCID: PMC11128278 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
During embryonic development, lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) precursors are distinguished from blood endothelial cells by the expression of Prospero-related homeobox 1 (Prox1), which is essential for lymphatic vasculature formation in mouse and zebrafish. Prox1 expression initiation precedes LEC sprouting and migration, serving as the marker of specified LECs. Despite its crucial role in lymphatic development, Prox1 upstream regulation in LECs remains to be uncovered. SOX18 and COUP-TFII are thought to regulate Prox1 in mice by binding its promoter region. However, the specific regulation of Prox1 expression in LECs remains to be studied in detail. Here, we used evolutionary conservation and chromatin accessibility to identify enhancers located in the proximity of zebrafish prox1a active in developing LECs. We confirmed the functional role of the identified sequences through CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis of a lymphatic valve enhancer. The deletion of this region results in impaired valve morphology and function. Overall, our results reveal an intricate control of prox1a expression through a collection of enhancers. Ray-finned fish-specific distal enhancers drive pan-lymphatic expression, whereas vertebrate-conserved proximal enhancers refine expression in functionally distinct subsets of lymphatic endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Panara
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
- Beijer Gene and Neuro Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Hujun Yu
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Di Peng
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Karin Staxäng
- BioVis Core Facility, Platform EM, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Monika Hodik
- BioVis Core Facility, Platform EM, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Beata Filipek-Gorniok
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Jan Kazenwadel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Renae Skoczylas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Mason
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Amin Allalou
- Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, Division of Visual Information and Interaction, and SciLifeLab BioImage Informatics Facility, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Natasha L. Harvey
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Tatjana Haitina
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75236, Sweden
| | - Benjamin M. Hogan
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
- Beijer Gene and Neuro Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
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7
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Garlisi Torales LD, Sempowski BA, Krikorian GL, Woodis KM, Paulissen SM, Smith CL, Sheppard SE. Central conducting lymphatic anomaly: from bench to bedside. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172839. [PMID: 38618951 PMCID: PMC11014661 DOI: 10.1172/jci172839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Central conducting lymphatic anomaly (CCLA) is a complex lymphatic anomaly characterized by abnormalities of the central lymphatics and may present with nonimmune fetal hydrops, chylothorax, chylous ascites, or lymphedema. CCLA has historically been difficult to diagnose and treat; however, recent advances in imaging, such as dynamic contrast magnetic resonance lymphangiography, and in genomics, such as deep sequencing and utilization of cell-free DNA, have improved diagnosis and refined both genotype and phenotype. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo models have confirmed genetic causes of CCLA, defined the underlying pathogenesis, and facilitated personalized medicine to improve outcomes. Basic, translational, and clinical science are essential for a bedside-to-bench and back approach for CCLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Daniela Garlisi Torales
- Unit on Vascular Malformations, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Sempowski
- Unit on Vascular Malformations, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Georgia L. Krikorian
- Unit on Vascular Malformations, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristina M. Woodis
- Unit on Vascular Malformations, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Scott M. Paulissen
- Unit on Vascular Malformations, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher L. Smith
- Division of Cardiology, Jill and Mark Fishman Center for Lymphatic Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah E. Sheppard
- Unit on Vascular Malformations, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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8
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Veloso A, Bleuart A, Conrard L, Orban T, Bruyr J, Cabochette P, Germano RFV, Schevenels G, Bernard A, Zindy E, Demeyer S, Vanhollebeke B, Dequiedt F, Martin M. The cytoskeleton adaptor protein Sorbs1 controls the development of lymphatic and venous vessels in zebrafish. BMC Biol 2024; 22:51. [PMID: 38414014 PMCID: PMC10900589 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01850-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphangiogenesis, the formation of lymphatic vessels, is tightly linked to the development of the venous vasculature, both at the cellular and molecular levels. Here, we identify a novel role for Sorbs1, the founding member of the SoHo family of cytoskeleton adaptor proteins, in vascular and lymphatic development in the zebrafish. RESULTS We show that Sorbs1 is required for secondary sprouting and emergence of several vascular structures specifically derived from the axial vein. Most notably, formation of the precursor parachordal lymphatic structures is affected in sorbs1 mutant embryos, severely impacting the establishment of the trunk lymphatic vessel network. Interestingly, we show that Sorbs1 interacts with the BMP pathway and could function outside of Vegfc signaling. Mechanistically, Sorbs1 controls FAK/Src signaling and subsequently impacts on the cytoskeleton processes regulated by Rac1 and RhoA GTPases. Inactivation of Sorbs1 altered cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) contacts rearrangement and cytoskeleton dynamics, leading to specific defects in endothelial cell migratory and adhesive properties. CONCLUSIONS Overall, using in vitro and in vivo assays, we identify Sorbs1 as an important regulator of venous and lymphatic angiogenesis independently of the Vegfc signaling axis. These results provide a better understanding of the complexity found within context-specific vascular and lymphatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Veloso
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Molecular Biology of Leukemia, Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anouk Bleuart
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Louise Conrard
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Tanguy Orban
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Bruyr
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Pauline Cabochette
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium
- Present Address: Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Raoul F V Germano
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Giel Schevenels
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Alice Bernard
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GIGA-R, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Egor Zindy
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sofie Demeyer
- Laboratory for the Molecular Biology of Leukemia, Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Franck Dequiedt
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Maud Martin
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Gene Expression and Cancer, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium.
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium.
- WEL Research Institute (WELBIO Department), Avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
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9
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Hu Z, Zhao X, Wu Z, Qu B, Yuan M, Xing Y, Song Y, Wang Z. Lymphatic vessel: origin, heterogeneity, biological functions, and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:9. [PMID: 38172098 PMCID: PMC10764842 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels, comprising the secondary circulatory system in human body, play a multifaceted role in maintaining homeostasis among various tissues and organs. They are tasked with a serious of responsibilities, including the regulation of lymph absorption and transport, the orchestration of immune surveillance and responses. Lymphatic vessel development undergoes a series of sophisticated regulatory signaling pathways governing heterogeneous-origin cell populations stepwise to assemble into the highly specialized lymphatic vessel networks. Lymphangiogenesis, as defined by new lymphatic vessels sprouting from preexisting lymphatic vessels/embryonic veins, is the main developmental mechanism underlying the formation and expansion of lymphatic vessel networks in an embryo. However, abnormal lymphangiogenesis could be observed in many pathological conditions and has a close relationship with the development and progression of various diseases. Mechanistic studies have revealed a set of lymphangiogenic factors and cascades that may serve as the potential targets for regulating abnormal lymphangiogenesis, to further modulate the progression of diseases. Actually, an increasing number of clinical trials have demonstrated the promising interventions and showed the feasibility of currently available treatments for future clinical translation. Targeting lymphangiogenic promoters or inhibitors not only directly regulates abnormal lymphangiogenesis, but improves the efficacy of diverse treatments. In conclusion, we present a comprehensive overview of lymphatic vessel development and physiological functions, and describe the critical involvement of abnormal lymphangiogenesis in multiple diseases. Moreover, we summarize the targeting therapeutic values of abnormal lymphangiogenesis, providing novel perspectives for treatment strategy of multiple human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoliang Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xushi Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Bicheng Qu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Minxian Yuan
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yanan Xing
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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10
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Ocskay Z, Bálint L, Christ C, Kahn ML, Jakus Z. CCBE1 regulates the development and prevents the age-dependent regression of meningeal lymphatics. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116032. [PMID: 38141283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have described the importance of lymphatics in numerous organ-specific physiological and pathological processes. The role of meningeal lymphatics in various neurological and cerebrovascular diseases has been suggested. It has also been shown that these structures develop postnatally and are altered by aging and that the vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC)/ vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3) signaling plays an essential role in the development and maintenance of them. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the development and maintenance of meningeal lymphatics are still poorly characterized. Recent in vitro cell culture-based experiments, and in vivo studies in zebrafish and mouse skin suggest that collagen and calcium binding EGF domains 1 (CCBE1) is involved in the processing of VEGFC. However, the organ-specific role of CCBE1 in developmental lymphangiogenesis and maintenance of lymphatics remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the organ-specific functions of CCBE1 in developmental lymphangiogenesis and maintenance of meningeal lymphatics during aging. We demonstrate that inducible deletion of CCBE1 leads to impaired postnatal development of the meningeal lymphatics and decreased macromolecule drainage to deep cervical lymph nodes. The structural integrity and density of meningeal lymphatics are gradually altered during aging. Furthermore, the meningeal lymphatic structures in adults showed regression after inducible CCBE1 deletion. Collectively, our results indicate the importance of CCBE1-dependent mechanisms not only in the development, but also in the prevention of the age-related regression of meningeal lymphatics. Therefore, targeting CCBE1 may be a good therapeutic strategy to prevent age-related degeneration of meningeal lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsombor Ocskay
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Bálint
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carolin Christ
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mark L Kahn
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Zoltán Jakus
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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Kossack ME, Tian L, Bowie K, Plavicki JS. Defining the cellular complexity of the zebrafish bipotential gonad. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:586-600. [PMID: 37561446 PMCID: PMC10651076 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish are routinely used to model reproductive development, function, and disease, yet we still lack a clear understanding of the fundamental steps that occur during early bipotential gonad development, including when endothelial cells, pericytes, and macrophage arrive at the bipotential gonad to support gonad growth and differentiation. Here, we use a combination of transgenic reporters and single-cell sequencing analyses to define the arrival of different critical cell types to the larval zebrafish gonad. We determined that blood initially reaches the gonad via a vessel formed from the swim bladder artery, which we have termed the gonadal artery. We find that vascular and lymphatic development occurs concurrently in the bipotential zebrafish gonad and our data suggest that similar to what has been observed in developing zebrafish embryos, lymphatic endothelial cells in the gonad may be derived from vascular endothelial cells. We mined preexisting sequencing datasets to determine whether ovarian pericytes had unique gene expression signatures. We identified 215 genes that were uniquely expressed in ovarian pericytes, but not expressed in larval pericytes. Similar to what has been shown in the mouse ovary, our data suggest that pdgfrb+ pericytes may support the migration of endothelial tip cells during ovarian angiogenesis. Using a macrophage-driven photoconvertible protein, we found that macrophage established a nascent resident population as early as 12 dpf and can be observed removing cellular material during gonadal differentiation. This foundational information demonstrates that the early bipotential gonad contains complex cellular interactions, which likely shape the health and function of the mature gonad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Kossack
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lucy Tian
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kealyn Bowie
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jessica S Plavicki
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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12
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Moleri S, Mercurio S, Pezzotta A, D’Angelo D, Brix A, Plebani A, Lini G, Di Fuorti M, Beltrame M. Lymphatic Defects in Zebrafish sox18 Mutants Are Exacerbated by Perturbed VEGFC Signaling, While Masked by Elevated sox7 Expression. Cells 2023; 12:2309. [PMID: 37759531 PMCID: PMC10527217 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the transcription factor-coding gene SOX18, the growth factor-coding gene VEGFC and its receptor-coding gene VEGFR3/FLT4 cause primary lymphedema in humans. In mammals, SOX18, together with COUP-TFII/NR2F2, activates the expression of Prox1, a master regulator in lymphatic identity and development. Knockdown studies have also suggested an involvement of Sox18, Coup-tfII/Nr2f2, and Prox1 in zebrafish lymphatic development. Mutants in the corresponding genes initially failed to recapitulate the lymphatic defects observed in morphants. In this paper, we describe a novel zebrafish sox18 mutant allele, sa12315, which behaves as a null. The formation of the lymphatic thoracic duct is affected in sox18 homozygous mutants, but defects are milder in both zygotic and maternal-zygotic sox18 mutants than in sox18 morphants. Remarkably, in sox18 mutants, the expression of the closely related sox7 gene is elevated where lymphatic precursors arise. Sox7 could thus mask the absence of a functional Sox18 protein and account for the mild lymphatic phenotype in sox18 mutants, as shown in mice. Partial knockdown of vegfc exacerbates lymphatic defects in sox18 mutants, making them visible in heterozygotes. Our data thus reinforce the genetic interaction between Sox18 and Vegfc in lymphatic development, previously suggested by knockdown studies, and highlight the ability of Sox7 to compensate for Sox18 lymphatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Moleri
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mercurio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Alex Pezzotta
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella D’Angelo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Brix
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Plebani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Lini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marialaura Di Fuorti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Beltrame
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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13
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Meng Y, Lv T, Zhang J, Shen W, Li L, Li Y, Liu X, Lei X, Lin X, Xu H, Meng A, Jia S. Temporospatial inhibition of Erk signaling is required for lymphatic valve formation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:342. [PMID: 37691058 PMCID: PMC10493226 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraluminal lymphatic valves (LVs) and lymphovenous valves (LVVs) are critical to ensure the unidirectional flow of lymphatic fluid. Morphological abnormalities in these valves always cause lymph or blood reflux, and result in lymphedema. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of valve development remains poorly understood. We here report the implication of Efnb2-Ephb4-Rasa1 regulated Erk signaling axis in lymphatic valve development with identification of two new valve structures. Dynamic monitoring of phospho-Erk activity indicated that Erk signaling is spatiotemporally inhibited in some lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) during the valve cell specification. Inhibition of Erk signaling via simultaneous depletion of zygotic erk1 and erk2 or treatment with MEK inhibitor selumetinib causes lymphatic vessel hypoplasia and lymphatic valve hyperplasia, suggesting opposite roles of Erk signaling during these two processes. ephb4b mutants, efnb2a;efnb2b or rasa1a;rasa1b double mutants all have defective LVs and LVVs and exhibit blood reflux into lymphatic vessels with an edema phenotype. Importantly, the valve defects in ephb4b or rasa1a;rasa1b mutants are mitigated with high-level gata2 expression in the presence of MEK inhibitors. Therefore, Efnb2-Ephb4 signaling acts to suppress Erk activation in valve-forming cells to promote valve specification upstream of Rasa1. Not only do our findings reveal a molecular mechanism of lymphatic valve formation, but also provide a basis for the treatment of lymphatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xuguang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hanfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Anming Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Shunji Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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14
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Kossack ME, Tian L, Bowie K, Plavicki JS. Defining the cellular complexity of the zebrafish bipotential gonad. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.18.524593. [PMID: 36712047 PMCID: PMC9882255 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.524593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish are routinely used to model reproductive development, function, and disease, yet we still lack a clear understanding of the fundamental steps that occur during early bipotential gonad development, including when endothelial cells, pericytes, and macrophage cells arrive at the bipotential gonad to support gonad growth and differentiation. Here, we use a combination of transgenic reporters and single-cell sequencing analyses to define the arrival of different critical cell types to the larval zebrafish gonad. We determined that blood initially reaches the gonad via a vessel formed from the swim bladder artery, which we have termed the gonadal artery. We find that vascular and lymphatic development occurs concurrently in the bipotential zebrafish gonad and our data suggest that similar to what has been observed in developing zebrafish embryos, lymphatic endothelial cells in the gonad may be derived from vascular endothelial cells. We mined preexisting sequencing data sets to determine whether ovarian pericytes had unique gene expression signatures. We identified 215 genes that were uniquely expressed in ovarian pericytes that were not expressed in larval pericytes. Similar to what has been shown in the mouse ovary, our data suggest that pdgfrb+ pericytes may support the migration of endothelial tip cells during ovarian angiogenesis. Using a macrophage-driven photoconvertible protein, we found that macrophage established a nascent resident population as early as 12 dpf and can be observed removing cellular material during gonadal differentiation. This foundational information demonstrates that the early bipotential gonad contains complex cellular interactions, which likely shape the health and function of the mature, differentiated gonad.
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15
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Hußmann M, Schulte D, Weischer S, Carlantoni C, Nakajima H, Mochizuki N, Stainier DYR, Zobel T, Koch M, Schulte-Merker S. Svep1 is a binding ligand of Tie1 and affects specific aspects of facial lymphatic development in a Vegfc-independent manner. eLife 2023; 12:82969. [PMID: 37097004 PMCID: PMC10129328 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple factors are required to form functional lymphatic vessels. Here, we uncover an essential role for the secreted protein Svep1 and the transmembrane receptor Tie1 during the development of subpopulations of the zebrafish facial lymphatic network. This specific aspect of the facial network forms independently of Vascular endothelial growth factor C (Vegfc) signalling, which otherwise is the most prominent signalling axis in all other lymphatic beds. Additionally, we find that multiple specific and newly uncovered phenotypic hallmarks of svep1 mutants are also present in tie1, but not in tie2 or vegfc mutants. These phenotypes are observed in the lymphatic vasculature of both head and trunk, as well as in the development of the dorsal longitudinal anastomotic vessel under reduced flow conditions. Therefore, our study demonstrates an important function for Tie1 signalling during lymphangiogenesis as well as blood vessel development in zebrafish. Furthermore, we show genetic interaction between svep1 and tie1 in vivo, during early steps of lymphangiogenesis, and demonstrate that zebrafish as well as human Svep1/SVEP1 protein bind to the respective Tie1/TIE1 receptors in vitro. Since compound heterozygous mutations for SVEP1 and TIE2 have recently been reported in human glaucoma patients, our data have clinical relevance in demonstrating a role for SVEP1 in TIE signalling in an in vivo setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Hußmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dörte Schulte
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Weischer
- Münster Imaging Network, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Faculty of Biology, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Carlantoni
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Zobel
- Münster Imaging Network, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
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16
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Leonard EV, Hasan SS, Siekmann AF. Temporally and regionally distinct morphogenetic processes govern zebrafish caudal fin blood vessel network expansion. Development 2023; 150:dev201030. [PMID: 36938965 PMCID: PMC10113958 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessels form elaborate networks that depend on tissue-specific signalling pathways and anatomical structures to guide their growth. However, it is not clear which morphogenetic principles organize the stepwise assembly of the vasculature. We therefore performed a longitudinal analysis of zebrafish caudal fin vascular assembly, revealing the existence of temporally and spatially distinct morphogenetic processes. Initially, vein-derived endothelial cells (ECs) generated arteries in a reiterative process requiring vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf), Notch and cxcr4a signalling. Subsequently, veins produced veins in more proximal fin regions, transforming pre-existing artery-vein loops into a three-vessel pattern consisting of an artery and two veins. A distinct set of vascular plexuses formed at the base of the fin. They differed in their diameter, flow magnitude and marker gene expression. At later stages, intussusceptive angiogenesis occurred from veins in distal fin regions. In proximal fin regions, we observed new vein sprouts crossing the inter-ray tissue through sprouting angiogenesis. Together, our results reveal a surprising diversity among the mechanisms generating the mature fin vasculature and suggest that these might be driven by separate local cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvin V. Leonard
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstr. 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 1114 Biomedical Research Building, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sana Safatul Hasan
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstr. 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Arndt F. Siekmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstr. 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 1114 Biomedical Research Building, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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17
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Grimm L, Mason E, Yu H, Dudczig S, Panara V, Chen T, Bower NI, Paterson S, Rondon Galeano M, Kobayashi S, Senabouth A, Lagendijk AK, Powell J, Smith KA, Okuda KS, Koltowska K, Hogan BM. Single-cell analysis of lymphatic endothelial cell fate specification and differentiation during zebrafish development. EMBO J 2023:e112590. [PMID: 36912146 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During development, the lymphatic vasculature forms as a second network derived chiefly from blood vessels. The transdifferentiation of embryonic venous endothelial cells (VECs) into lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) is a key step in this process. Specification, differentiation and maintenance of LEC fate are all driven by the transcription factor Prox1, yet the downstream mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We here present a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of lymphangiogenesis in zebrafish, revealing new markers and hallmarks of LEC differentiation over four developmental stages. We further profile single-cell transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility changes in zygotic prox1a mutants that are undergoing a LEC-VEC fate shift. Using maternal and zygotic prox1a/prox1b mutants, we determine the earliest transcriptomic changes directed by Prox1 during LEC specification. This work altogether reveals new downstream targets and regulatory regions of the genome controlled by Prox1 and presents evidence that Prox1 specifies LEC fate primarily by limiting blood vascular and haematopoietic fate. This extensive single-cell resource provides new mechanistic insights into the enigmatic role of Prox1 and the control of LEC differentiation in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Grimm
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Mason
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hujun Yu
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefanie Dudczig
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Virginia Panara
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tyrone Chen
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neil I Bower
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott Paterson
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maria Rondon Galeano
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sakurako Kobayashi
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Senabouth
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne K Lagendijk
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joseph Powell
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelly A Smith
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kazuhide S Okuda
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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18
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A Prox1 enhancer represses haematopoiesis in the lymphatic vasculature. Nature 2023; 614:343-348. [PMID: 36697821 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional enhancer elements are responsible for orchestrating the temporal and spatial control over gene expression that is crucial for programming cell identity during development1-3. Here we describe a novel enhancer element that is important for regulating the expression of Prox1 in lymphatic endothelial cells. This evolutionarily conserved enhancer is bound by key lymphatic transcriptional regulators including GATA2, FOXC2, NFATC1 and PROX1. Genome editing of the enhancer to remove five nucleotides encompassing the GATA2-binding site resulted in perinatal death of homozygous mutant mice due to profound lymphatic vascular defects. Lymphatic endothelial cells in enhancer mutant mice exhibited reduced expression of genes characteristic of lymphatic endothelial cell identity and increased expression of genes characteristic of haemogenic endothelium, and acquired the capacity to generate haematopoietic cells. These data not only reveal a transcriptional enhancer element important for regulating Prox1 expression and lymphatic endothelial cell identity but also demonstrate that the lymphatic endothelium has haemogenic capacity, ordinarily repressed by Prox1.
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19
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The challenge of dissecting gene function in model organisms: Tools to characterize genetic mutants and assess transcriptional adaptation in zebrafish. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 176:1-25. [PMID: 37164532 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Genome editing technologies including the CRISPR/Cas9 system have greatly improved our knowledge of gene function and biological processes, however, these approaches have also brought new challenges to determining genotype-phenotype correlations. In this chapter, we briefly review gene-editing technologies used in zebrafish and discuss the differences in phenotypes that can arise when gene expression is inhibited by anti-sense or by gene editing techniques. We outline possible explanations for why knockout phenotypes are milder, tissue-restricted, or even absent, compared with severe knockdown phenotypes. One proposed explanation is transcriptional adaptation, a form of genetic robustness that is induced by deleterious mutations but not gene knockdowns. Although much is unknown about what triggers this process, its relevance in shaping genome expression has been shown in multiple animal models. We recently explored if transcriptional adaptation could explain genotype-phenotype discrepancies seen between two zebrafish models of the centrosomal protein Cep290 deficiency. We compared cilia-related phenotypes in knockdown (anti-sense) and knockout (mutation) Cep290 models and showed that only cep290 gene mutation induces the upregulation of genes encoding the cilia-associated small GTPases Arl3, Arl13b, and Unc119b. Importantly, the ectopic expression of Arl3, Arl13b, and Unc119b in cep290 morphant zebrafish embryos rescued cilia defects. Here we provide protocols and experimental approaches that can be used to explore if transcriptional adaptation may be modulating gene expression in a zebrafish ciliary mutant model.
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20
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Labbaf Z, Petratou K, Ermlich L, Backer W, Tarbashevich K, Reichman-Fried M, Luschnig S, Schulte-Merker S, Raz E. A robust and tunable system for targeted cell ablation in developing embryos. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2026-2040.e5. [PMID: 35914525 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cell ablation is a key method in the research fields of developmental biology, tissue regeneration, and tissue homeostasis. Eliminating specific cell populations allows for characterizing interactions that control cell differentiation, death, behavior, and spatial organization of cells. Current methodologies for inducing cell death suffer from relatively slow kinetics, making them unsuitable for analyzing rapid events and following primary and immediate consequences of the ablation. To address this, we developed a cell-ablation system that is based on bacterial toxin/anti-toxin proteins and enables rapid and cell-autonomous elimination of specific cell types and organs in zebrafish embryos. A unique feature of this system is that it uses an anti-toxin, which allows for controlling the degree and timing of ablation and the resulting phenotypes. The transgenic zebrafish generated in this work represent a highly efficient tool for cell ablation, and this approach is applicable to other model organisms as demonstrated here for Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Labbaf
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Kleio Petratou
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Laura Ermlich
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Wilko Backer
- Institute for Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Katsiaryna Tarbashevich
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Michal Reichman-Fried
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Stefan Luschnig
- Institute for Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Erez Raz
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.
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21
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Chen J, He J, Luo L. Brain vascular damage-induced lymphatic ingrowth is directed by Cxcl12b/Cxcr4a. Development 2022; 149:275687. [PMID: 35694896 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
After ischemic stroke, promotion of vascular regeneration without causing uncontrolled vessel growth appears to be the major challenge for pro-angiogenic therapies. The molecular mechanisms underlying how nascent blood vessels (BVs) are correctly guided into the post-ischemic infarction area remain unknown. Here, using a zebrafish cerebrovascular injury model, we show that chemokine signaling provides crucial guidance cues to determine the growing direction of ingrown lymphatic vessels (iLVs) and, in turn, that of nascent BVs. The chemokine receptor Cxcr4a is transcriptionally activated in the iLVs after injury, whereas its ligand Cxcl12b is expressed in the residual central BVs, the destinations of iLV ingrowth. Mutant and mosaic studies indicate that Cxcl12b/Cxcr4a-mediated chemotaxis is necessary and sufficient to determine the growing direction of iLVs and nascent BVs. This study provides a molecular basis for how the vessel directionality of cerebrovascular regeneration is properly determined, suggesting potential application of Cxcl12b/Cxcr4a in the development of post-ischemic pro-angiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Chen
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chongqing), Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beibei, 400714 Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chongqing), Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beibei, 400714 Chongqing, China
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22
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mafba and mafbb differentially regulate lymphatic endothelial cell migration in topographically distinct manners. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110982. [PMID: 35732122 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis, formation of lymphatic vessels from pre-existing vessels, is a dynamic process that requires cell migration. Regardless of location, migrating lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) progenitors probe their surroundings to form the lymphatic network. Lymphatic-development regulation requires the transcription factor MAFB in different species. Zebrafish Mafba, expressed in LEC progenitors, is essential for their migration in the trunk. However, the transcriptional mechanism that orchestrates LEC migration in different lymphatic endothelial beds remains elusive. Here, we uncover topographically different requirements of the two paralogs, Mafba and Mafbb, for LEC migration. Both mafba and mafbb are necessary for facial lymphatic development, but mafbb is dispensable for trunk lymphatic development. On the molecular level, we demonstrate a regulatory network where Vegfc-Vegfd-SoxF-Mafba-Mafbb is essential in facial lymphangiogenesis. We identify that mafba and mafbb tune the directionality of LEC migration and vessel morphogenesis that is ultimately necessary for lymphatic function.
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23
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Genetic and Molecular Determinants of Lymphatic Malformations: Potential Targets for Therapy. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:jdb10010011. [PMID: 35225964 PMCID: PMC8883961 DOI: 10.3390/jdb10010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic malformations are fluid-filled congenital defects of lymphatic channels occurring in 1 in 6000 to 16,000 patients. There are various types, and they often exist in conjunction with other congenital anomalies and vascular malformations. Great strides have been made in understanding these malformations in recent years. This review summarize known molecular and embryological precursors for lymphangiogenesis. Gene mutations and dysregulations implicated in pathogenesis of lymphatic malformations are discussed. Finally, we touch on current and developing therapies with special attention on targeted biotherapeutics.
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24
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Lei D, Zhang X, Rouf MA, Mahendra Y, Wen L, Li Y, Zhang X, Li L, Wang L, Zhang T, Wang G, Wang Y. Noncanonical protease-activated receptor 1 regulates lymphatic differentiation in zebrafish. iScience 2021; 24:103386. [PMID: 34816109 PMCID: PMC8593614 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of lymphatic progenitors is a crucial step in lymphangiogenesis. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that noncanonical protease-activated receptor 1 (par1) regulates the differentiation of lymphatic progenitors in zebrafish embryos. Loss of par1 function impaired lymphatic differentiation by downregulating prox1a expression in parachordal lymphangioblasts and caused compromised thoracic duct formation in zebrafish. Meanwhile, the G protein gnai2a, a par1 downstream effector, was selectively required for lymphatic development in zebrafish, and its mutation mimicked the lymphatic phenotype observed in par1 mutants. Interestingly, mmp13, but not thrombin, was required for lymphatic development in zebrafish. Furthermore, analyses of genetic interactions confirmed that mmp13b serves as a par1 upstream protease to regulate lymphatic development in zebrafish embryos. Mechanistically, par1 promotes flt4 expression and phospho-Erk1/2 activity in the posterior cardinal vein. Taken together, our findings highlight a function of par1 in the regulation of lymphatic differentiation in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoxi Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Xiuru Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Muhammad Abdul Rouf
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yoga Mahendra
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Luming Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yeqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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25
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Ma H, Liu Z, Yang Y, Feng D, Dong Y, Garbutt TA, Hu Z, Wang L, Luan C, Cooper CD, Li Y, Welch JD, Qian L, Liu J. Functional coordination of non-myocytes plays a key role in adult zebrafish heart regeneration. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52901. [PMID: 34523214 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac regeneration occurs primarily through proliferation of existing cardiomyocytes, but also involves complex interactions between distinct cardiac cell types including non-cardiomyocytes (non-CMs). However, the subpopulations, distinguishing molecular features, cellular functions, and intercellular interactions of non-CMs in heart regeneration remain largely unexplored. Using the LIGER algorithm, we assemble an atlas of cell states from 61,977 individual non-CM scRNA-seq profiles isolated at multiple time points during regeneration. This analysis reveals extensive non-CM cell diversity, including multiple macrophage (MC), fibroblast (FB), and endothelial cell (EC) subpopulations with unique spatiotemporal distributions, and suggests an important role for MC in inducing the activated FB and EC subpopulations. Indeed, pharmacological perturbation of MC function compromises the induction of the unique FB and EC subpopulations. Furthermore, we developed computational algorithm Topologizer to map the topological relationships and dynamic transitions between functional states. We uncover dynamic transitions between MC functional states and identify factors involved in mRNA processing and transcriptional regulation associated with the transition. Together, our single-cell transcriptomic analysis of non-CMs during cardiac regeneration provides a blueprint for interrogating the molecular and cellular basis of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ma
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ziqing Liu
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuchen Yang
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dong Feng
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yanhan Dong
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tiffany A Garbutt
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Li Wang
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Changfei Luan
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia D Cooper
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joshua D Welch
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Li Qian
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jiandong Liu
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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26
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Jeong YM, Lee JG, Cho HJ, Lee WS, Jeong J, Lee JS. Differential Clearance of Aβ Species from the Brain by Brain Lymphatic Endothelial Cells in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11883. [PMID: 34769316 PMCID: PMC8584359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of amyloid beta (Aβ) clearance is a major cause of Alzheimer's disease, and the brain lymphatic systems play a crucial role in clearing toxic proteins. Recently, brain lymphatic endothelial cells (BLECs), a non-lumenized lymphatic cell in the vertebrate brain, was identified, but Aβ clearance via this novel cell is not fully understood. We established an in vivo zebrafish model using fluorescently labeled Aβ42 to investigate the role of BLECs in Aβ clearance. We discovered the efficient clearance of monomeric Aβ42 (mAβ42) compared to oligomeric Aβ42 (oAβ42), which was illustrated by the selective uptake of mAβ42 by BLECs and peripheral transport. The genetic depletion, pharmacological inhibition via the blocking of the mannose receptor, or the laser ablation of BLECs resulted in the defective clearance of mAβ42. The treatment with an Aβ disaggregating agent facilitated the internalization of oAβ42 into BLECs and improved the peripheral transport. Our findings reveal a new role of BLECs in the differential clearance of mAβ42 from the brain and provide a novel therapeutic strategy based on promoting Aβ clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Mi Jeong
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Dementia DTC R&D Convergence Program, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Jae-Geun Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Wang Sik Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Jeong
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Dementia DTC R&D Convergence Program, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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27
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Koltowska K, Okuda KS, Gloger M, Rondon-Galeano M, Mason E, Xuan J, Dudczig S, Chen H, Arnold H, Skoczylas R, Bower NI, Paterson S, Lagendijk AK, Baillie GJ, Leshchiner I, Simons C, Smith KA, Goessling W, Heath JK, Pearson RB, Sanij E, Schulte-Merker S, Hogan BM. The RNA helicase Ddx21 controls Vegfc-driven developmental lymphangiogenesis by balancing endothelial cell ribosome biogenesis and p53 function. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:1136-1147. [PMID: 34750583 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00784-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of a functional vasculature requires the coordinated control of cell fate, lineage differentiation and network growth. Cellular proliferation is spatiotemporally regulated in developing vessels, but how this is orchestrated in different lineages is unknown. Here, using a zebrafish genetic screen for lymphatic-deficient mutants, we uncover a mutant for the RNA helicase Ddx21. Ddx21 cell-autonomously regulates lymphatic vessel development. An established regulator of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, Ddx21 is enriched in sprouting venous endothelial cells in response to Vegfc-Flt4 signalling. Ddx21 function is essential for Vegfc-Flt4-driven endothelial cell proliferation. In the absence of Ddx21, endothelial cells show reduced ribosome biogenesis, p53 and p21 upregulation and cell cycle arrest that blocks lymphangiogenesis. Thus, Ddx21 coordinates the lymphatic endothelial cell response to Vegfc-Flt4 signalling by balancing ribosome biogenesis and p53 function. This mechanism may be targetable in diseases of excessive lymphangiogenesis such as cancer metastasis or lymphatic malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Koltowska
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Kazuhide S Okuda
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marleen Gloger
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Rondon-Galeano
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Mason
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiachen Xuan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefanie Dudczig
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huijun Chen
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hannah Arnold
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Renae Skoczylas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Neil I Bower
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott Paterson
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne Karine Lagendijk
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregory J Baillie
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ignaty Leshchiner
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cas Simons
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly A Smith
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wolfram Goessling
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan K Heath
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Faculty, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. .,Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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28
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Shin M, Lawson ND. Back and forth: History of and new insights on the vertebrate lymphatic valve. Dev Growth Differ 2021; 63:523-535. [PMID: 34716915 PMCID: PMC9299638 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic valves develop from pre‐existing endothelial cells through a step‐wise process involving complex changes in cell shape and orientation, along with extracellular matrix interactions, to form two intraluminal leaflets. Once formed, valves prevent back‐flow within the lymphatic system to ensure drainage of interstitial fluid back into the circulatory system, thereby serving a critical role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Despite the extensive anatomical characterization of lymphatic systems across numerous genus and species dating back several hundred years, valves were largely thought to be phylogenetically restricted to mammals. Accordingly, most insights into molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in lymphatic valve development have derived from mouse knockouts, as well as rare diseases in humans. However, we have recently used a combination of imaging and genetic analysis in the zebrafish to demonstrate that valves are a conserved feature of the teleost lymphatic system. Here, we provide a historical overview of comparative lymphatic valve anatomy together with recent efforts to define molecular pathways that contribute to lymphatic valve morphogenesis. Finally, we integrate our findings in zebrafish with previous work and highlight the benefits that this model provides for investigating lymphatic valve development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathan D Lawson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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29
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Martin-Almedina S, Mortimer PS, Ostergaard P. Development and physiological functions of the lymphatic system: insights from human genetic studies of primary lymphedema. Physiol Rev 2021; 101:1809-1871. [PMID: 33507128 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary lymphedema is a long-term (chronic) condition characterized by tissue lymph retention and swelling that can affect any part of the body, although it usually develops in the arms or legs. Due to the relevant contribution of the lymphatic system to human physiology, while this review mainly focuses on the clinical and physiological aspects related to the regulation of fluid homeostasis and edema, clinicians need to know that the impact of lymphatic dysfunction with a genetic origin can be wide ranging. Lymphatic dysfunction can affect immune function so leading to infection; it can influence cancer development and spread, and it can determine fat transport so impacting on nutrition and obesity. Genetic studies and the development of imaging techniques for the assessment of lymphatic function have enabled the recognition of primary lymphedema as a heterogenic condition in terms of genetic causes and disease mechanisms. In this review, the known biological functions of several genes crucial to the development and function of the lymphatic system are used as a basis for understanding normal lymphatic biology. The disease conditions originating from mutations in these genes are discussed together with a detailed clinical description of the phenotype and the up-to-date knowledge in terms of disease mechanisms acquired from in vitro and in vivo research models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martin-Almedina
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter S Mortimer
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Dermatology and Lymphovascular Medicine, St. George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pia Ostergaard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Chen J, Li X, Ni R, Chen Q, Yang Q, He J, Luo L. Acute brain vascular regeneration occurs via lymphatic transdifferentiation. Dev Cell 2021; 56:3115-3127.e6. [PMID: 34562378 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke damages the regional brain blood vessel (BV) network. Acute recovery of basic blood flows, which is carried out by the earliest regenerated BVs, are critical to improve clinical outcomes and minimize lethality. Although the late-regenerated BVs form via growing along the meninge-derived ingrown lymphatic vessels (iLVs), mechanisms underlying the early, acute BV regeneration remain elusive. Using zebrafish cerebrovascular injury models, we show that the earliest regenerated BVs come from lymphatic transdifferentiation, a hitherto unappreciated process in vertebrates. Mechanistically, the LV-to-BV transdifferentiation occurs exclusively in the stand-alone iLVs through Notch activation. In the track iLVs adhered by late-regenerated BVs, transdifferentiation never occurs because the BV-expressing EphrinB2a paracellularly activates the iLV-expressing EphB4a to inhibit Notch activation. Suppression of LV-to-BV transdifferentiation blocks acute BV regeneration and becomes lethal. These results demonstrate that acute BV regeneration occurs via lymphatic transdifferentiation, suggesting this process and key regulatory molecules EphrinB2a/EphB4a/Notch as new postischemic therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Chen
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, Chongqing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chongqing), Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beibei 400714, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiuhua Li
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Qifen Yang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, Chongqing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chongqing), Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beibei 400714, Chongqing, China.
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31
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Huisman Y, Uphoff K, Berger M, Dobrindt U, Schelhaas M, Zobel T, Bussmann J, van Impel A, Schulte-Merker S. Meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells fulfill scavenger endothelial cell function and cooperate with microglia in waste removal from the brain. Glia 2021; 70:35-49. [PMID: 34487573 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Brain lymphatic endothelial cells (BLECs) constitute a group of loosely connected endothelial cells that reside within the meningeal layer of the zebrafish brain without forming a vascular tubular system. BLECs have been shown to readily endocytose extracellular cargo molecules from the brain parenchyma, however, their functional relevance in relation to microglia remains enigmatic. We here compare their functional uptake efficiency for several macromolecules and bacterial components with microglia in a qualitative and quantitative manner in 5-day-old zebrafish embryos. We find BLECs to be significantly more effective in the uptake of proteins, polysaccharides and virus particles as compared to microglia, while larger particles like bacteria are only ingested by microglia but not by BLECs, implying a clear distribution of tasks between the two cell types in the brain area. In addition, we compare BLECs to the recently discovered scavenger endothelial cells (SECs) of the cardinal vein and find them to accept an identical set of substrate molecules. Our data identifies BLECs as the first brain-associated SEC population in vertebrates, and demonstrates that BLECs cooperate with microglia to remove particle waste from the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Huisman
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Uphoff
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Mario Schelhaas
- Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Cellular Virology, ZMBE, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Zobel
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Imaging Network, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, WWU Münster, Germany
| | - Jeroen Bussmann
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2333CC, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas van Impel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
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32
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Jerafi-Vider A, Bassi I, Moshe N, Tevet Y, Hen G, Splittstoesser D, Shin M, Lawson ND, Yaniv K. VEGFC/FLT4-induced cell-cycle arrest mediates sprouting and differentiation of venous and lymphatic endothelial cells. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109255. [PMID: 34133928 PMCID: PMC8220256 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of new vessels requires a tight synchronization between proliferation, differentiation, and sprouting. However, how these processes are differentially activated, often by neighboring endothelial cells (ECs), remains unclear. Here, we identify cell cycle progression as a regulator of EC sprouting and differentiation. Using transgenic zebrafish illuminating cell cycle stages, we show that venous and lymphatic precursors sprout from the cardinal vein exclusively in G1 and reveal that cell-cycle arrest is induced in these ECs by overexpression of p53 and the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p27 and p21. We further demonstrate that, in vivo, forcing G1 cell-cycle arrest results in enhanced vascular sprouting. Mechanistically, we identify the mitogenic VEGFC/VEGFR3/ERK axis as a direct inducer of cell-cycle arrest in ECs and characterize the cascade of events that render "sprouting-competent" ECs. Overall, our results uncover a mechanism whereby mitogen-controlled cell-cycle arrest boosts sprouting, raising important questions about the use of cell cycle inhibitors in pathological angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Jerafi-Vider
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ivan Bassi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Noga Moshe
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yaara Tevet
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gideon Hen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Daniel Splittstoesser
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Masahiro Shin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nathan D Lawson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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33
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Rödel CJ, Abdelilah-Seyfried S. A zebrafish toolbox for biomechanical signaling in cardiovascular development and disease. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 28:198-207. [PMID: 33714969 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The zebrafish embryo has emerged as a powerful model organism to investigate the mechanisms by which biophysical forces regulate vascular and cardiac cell biology during development and disease. A versatile arsenal of methods and tools is available to manipulate and analyze biomechanical signaling. This review aims to provide an overview of the experimental strategies and tools that have been utilized to study biomechanical signaling in cardiovascular developmental processes and different vascular disease models in the zebrafish embryo. Within the scope of this review, we focus on work published during the last two years. RECENT FINDINGS Genetic and pharmacological tools for the manipulation of cardiac function allow alterations of hemodynamic flow patterns in the zebrafish embryo and various types of transgenic lines are available to report endothelial cell responses to biophysical forces. These tools have not only revealed the impact of biophysical forces on cardiovascular development but also helped to establish more accurate models for cardiovascular diseases including cerebral cavernous malformations, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasias, arteriovenous malformations, and lymphangiopathies. SUMMARY The zebrafish embryo is a valuable vertebrate model in which in-vivo manipulations of biophysical forces due to cardiac contractility and blood flow can be performed. These analyses give important insights into biomechanical signaling pathways that control endothelial and endocardial cell behaviors. The technical advances using this vertebrate model will advance our understanding of the impact of biophysical forces in cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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34
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Jafree DJ, Long DA, Scambler PJ, Ruhrberg C. Mechanisms and cell lineages in lymphatic vascular development. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:271-288. [PMID: 33825109 PMCID: PMC8205918 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels have critical roles in both health and disease and their study is a rapidly evolving area of vascular biology. The consensus on how the first lymphatic vessels arise in the developing embryo has recently shifted. Originally, they were thought to solely derive by sprouting from veins. Since then, several studies have uncovered novel cellular mechanisms and a diversity of contributing cell lineages in the formation of organ lymphatic vasculature. Here, we review the key mechanisms and cell lineages contributing to lymphatic development, discuss the advantages and limitations of experimental techniques used for their study and highlight remaining knowledge gaps that require urgent attention. Emerging technologies should accelerate our understanding of how lymphatic vessels develop normally and how they contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniyal J Jafree
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - David A Long
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Peter J Scambler
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Christiana Ruhrberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
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35
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Greenspan LJ, Weinstein BM. To be or not to be: endothelial cell plasticity in development, repair, and disease. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:251-269. [PMID: 33449300 PMCID: PMC8205957 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells display an extraordinary plasticity both during development and throughout adult life. During early development, endothelial cells assume arterial, venous, or lymphatic identity, while selected endothelial cells undergo additional fate changes to become hematopoietic progenitor, cardiac valve, and other cell types. Adult endothelial cells are some of the longest-lived cells in the body and their participation as stable components of the vascular wall is critical for the proper function of both the circulatory and lymphatic systems, yet these cells also display a remarkable capacity to undergo changes in their differentiated identity during injury, disease, and even normal physiological changes in the vasculature. Here, we discuss how endothelial cells become specified during development as arterial, venous, or lymphatic endothelial cells or convert into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells or cardiac valve cells. We compare findings from in vitro and in vivo studies with a focus on the zebrafish as a valuable model for exploring the signaling pathways and environmental cues that drive these transitions. We also discuss how endothelial plasticity can aid in revascularization and repair of tissue after damage- but may have detrimental consequences under disease conditions. By better understanding endothelial plasticity and the mechanisms underlying endothelial fate transitions, we can begin to explore new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J Greenspan
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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36
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Fontana F, Haack T, Reichenbach M, Knaus P, Puceat M, Abdelilah-Seyfried S. Antagonistic Activities of Vegfr3/Flt4 and Notch1b Fine-tune Mechanosensitive Signaling during Zebrafish Cardiac Valvulogenesis. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107883. [PMID: 32668254 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of cardiac valves depends on mechanical forces exerted by blood flow. Endocardial cells lining the interior of the heart are sensitive to these stimuli and respond by rearranging into luminal cells subjected to shear stress and abluminal cells not exposed to it. The mechanisms by which endocardial cells sense these dynamic biomechanical stimuli and how they evoke different cellular responses are largely unknown. Here, we show that blood flow activates two parallel mechanosensitive pathways, one mediated by Notch and the other by Klf2a. Both pathways negatively regulate the angiogenesis receptor Vegfr3/Flt4, which becomes restricted to abluminal endocardial cells. Its loss disrupts valve morphogenesis and results in the occurrence of Notch signaling within abluminal endocardial cells. Our work explains how antagonistic activities by Vegfr3/Flt4 on the abluminal side and by Notch on the luminal side shape cardiac valve leaflets by triggering unique differences in the fates of endocardial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fontana
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Timm Haack
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Reichenbach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michel Puceat
- INSERM U-1251, MMG, Aix-Marseille University, 13885 Marseille, France
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
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37
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The adaptor protein Grb2b is an essential modulator for lympho-venous sprout formation in the zebrafish trunk. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:345-362. [PMID: 33677657 PMCID: PMC8205915 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vegfc/Vegfr3 signaling is critical for lymphangiogenesis, the sprouting of lymphatic vessels. In zebrafish, cells sprouting from the posterior cardinal vein can either form lymphatic precursor cells or contribute to intersegmental vein formation. Both, the Vegfc-dependent differential induction of Prox1a in sprouting cells as well as a Notch-mediated pre-pattern within intersegmental vessels have been associated with the regulation of secondary sprout behavior. However, how exactly a differential lymphatic versus venous sprout cell behavior is achieved is not fully understood. Here, we characterize a zebrafish mutant in the adaptor protein Grb2b, and demonstrate through genetic interaction studies that Grb2b acts within the Vegfr3 pathway. Mutant embryos exhibit phenotypes that are consistent with reduced Vegfr3 signaling outputs prior to the sprouting of endothelial cells from the vein. During secondary sprouting stages, loss of grb2b leads to defective cell behaviors resulting in a loss of parachordal lymphangioblasts, while only partially affecting the number of intersegmental veins. A second GRB2 zebrafish ortholog, grb2a, contributes to the development of lymphatic structures in the meninges and in the head, but not in the trunk. Our results illustrate an essential role of Grb2b in vivo for cell migration to the horizontal myoseptum and for the correct formation of the lymphatic vasculature, while being less critically required in intersegmental vein formation. Thus, there appear to be higher requirements for Grb2b and therefore Vegfr3 downstream signaling levels in lymphatic versus vein precursor-generating sprouts.
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38
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Feng X, Travisano S, Pearson CA, Lien CL, Harrison MRM. The Lymphatic System in Zebrafish Heart Development, Regeneration and Disease Modeling. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:21. [PMID: 33669620 PMCID: PMC7922492 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart disease remains the single largest cause of death in developed countries, and novel therapeutic interventions are desperately needed to alleviate this growing burden. The cardiac lymphatic system is the long-overlooked counterpart of the coronary blood vasculature, but its important roles in homeostasis and disease are becoming increasingly apparent. Recently, the cardiac lymphatic vasculature in zebrafish has been described and its role in supporting the potent regenerative response of zebrafish heart tissue investigated. In this review, we discuss these findings in the wider context of lymphatic development, evolution and the promise of this system to open new therapeutic avenues to treat myocardial infarction and other cardiopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidi Feng
- The Saban Research Institute of Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (X.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Stanislao Travisano
- The Saban Research Institute of Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (X.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Caroline A. Pearson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Development, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;
| | - Ching-Ling Lien
- The Saban Research Institute of Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (X.F.); (S.T.)
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Michael R. M. Harrison
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
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39
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Castranova D, Samasa B, Venero Galanternik M, Jung HM, Pham VN, Weinstein BM. Live Imaging of Intracranial Lymphatics in the Zebrafish. Circ Res 2021; 128:42-58. [PMID: 33135960 PMCID: PMC7790877 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The recent discovery of meningeal lymphatics in mammals is reshaping our understanding of fluid homeostasis and cellular waste management in the brain, but visualization and experimental analysis of these vessels is challenging in mammals. Although the optical clarity and experimental advantages of zebrafish have made this an essential model organism for studying lymphatic development, the existence of meningeal lymphatics has not yet been reported in this species. OBJECTIVE Examine the intracranial space of larval, juvenile, and adult zebrafish to determine whether and where intracranial lymphatic vessels are present. METHODS AND RESULTS Using high-resolution optical imaging of the meninges in living animals, we show that zebrafish possess a meningeal lymphatic network comparable to that found in mammals. We confirm that this network is separate from the blood vascular network and that it drains interstitial fluid from the brain. We document the developmental origins and growth of these vessels into a distinct network separated from the external lymphatics. Finally, we show that these vessels contain immune cells and perform live imaging of immune cell trafficking and transmigration in meningeal lymphatics. CONCLUSIONS This discovery establishes the zebrafish as a important new model for experimental analysis of meningeal lymphatic development and opens up new avenues for probing meningeal lymphatic function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castranova
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bakary Samasa
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Marina Venero Galanternik
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hyun Min Jung
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Van N Pham
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
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40
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Frétaud M, Do Khoa N, Houel A, Lunazzi A, Boudinot P, Langevin C. New reporter zebrafish line unveils heterogeneity among lymphatic endothelial cells during development. Dev Dyn 2020; 250:701-716. [PMID: 33369805 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In zebrafish, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) originate from multiple/several distinct progenitor populations and generate organ-specific lymphatic vasculatures. Cell fate and tissue specificities were determined using a combination of genetically engineered transgenic lines in which the promoter of a LEC-specific gene drives expression of a fluorescent reporter protein. RESULTS We established a novel zebrafish transgenic line expressing eGFP under the control of part of the zebrafish batf3 promoter (Basic Leucine Zipper ATF-Like Transcription Factor 3). Spatiotemporal examination of Tg(batf3MIN:eGFP) transgenic fish revealed a typical lymphatic expression pattern, which does not perfectly recapitulate the expression pattern of existing LEC transgenic lines. eGFP+ cells constitute a heterogeneous endothelial cell population, which expressed LEC and/or blood endothelial cells (BEC) markers in different tissues. In addition, we characterize the renal eGFP+ cell as a population of interest to study kidney diseases and regeneration. CONCLUSION Our Tg(batf3MIN:eGFP) reporter zebrafish line provides a useful system to study LEC populations, of which heterogeneity depends on origin of progenitors, tissue environment and physiological conditions. We further developed a novel fish-adapted tissue clearing method, which allows deep imaging and 3D-visualization of vascular and lymphatic networks in the whole organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Frétaud
- INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nam Do Khoa
- INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,AZELEAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Armel Houel
- INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aurélie Lunazzi
- INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pierre Boudinot
- INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christelle Langevin
- INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,INRAE, IERP, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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41
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Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature is a vital component of the vertebrate vascular system that mediates tissue fluid homeostasis, lipid uptake and immune surveillance. The development of the lymphatic vasculature starts in the early vertebrate embryo, when a subset of blood vascular endothelial cells of the cardinal veins acquires lymphatic endothelial cell fate. These cells sprout from the veins, migrate, proliferate and organize to give rise to a highly structured and unique vascular network. Cellular cross-talk, cell-cell communication and the interpretation of signals from surrounding tissues are all essential for coordinating these processes. In this chapter, we highlight new findings and review research progress with a particular focus on LEC migration and guidance, expansion of the LEC lineage, network remodeling and morphogenesis of the lymphatic vasculature.
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42
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Klems A, van Rijssel J, Ramms AS, Wild R, Hammer J, Merkel M, Derenbach L, Préau L, Hinkel R, Suarez-Martinez I, Schulte-Merker S, Vidal R, Sauer S, Kivelä R, Alitalo K, Kupatt C, van Buul JD, le Noble F. The GEF Trio controls endothelial cell size and arterial remodeling downstream of Vegf signaling in both zebrafish and cell models. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5319. [PMID: 33087700 PMCID: PMC7578835 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial networks enlarge in response to increase in tissue metabolism to facilitate flow and nutrient delivery. Typically, the transition of a growing artery with a small diameter into a large caliber artery with a sizeable diameter occurs upon the blood flow driven change in number and shape of endothelial cells lining the arterial lumen. Here, using zebrafish embryos and endothelial cell models, we describe an alternative, flow independent model, involving enlargement of arterial endothelial cells, which results in the formation of large diameter arteries. Endothelial enlargement requires the GEF1 domain of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio and activation of Rho-GTPases Rac1 and RhoG in the cell periphery, inducing F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling, myosin based tension at junction regions and focal adhesions. Activation of Trio in developing arteries in vivo involves precise titration of the Vegf signaling strength in the arterial wall, which is controlled by the soluble Vegf receptor Flt1. Arterial flow regulates artery diameter but other mechanisms may also affect this. Here, the authors show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio and GTPases Rac1 and RhoG, triggers F-actin remodeling in arterial endothelial cells, independent of flow, to enhance lumen diameter in zebrafish and cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Klems
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jos van Rijssel
- Molecular Cell Biology lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne S Ramms
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Raphael Wild
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Julia Hammer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Melanie Merkel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laura Derenbach
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laetitia Préau
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibnitz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Irina Suarez-Martinez
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Cells in Motion Cluster of Excellence, Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany & Cells in Motion Cluster of Excellence, Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ramon Vidal
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology & Berlin Institute of Health, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Sauer
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology & Berlin Institute of Health, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Riikka Kivelä
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, and Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, and Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Munich, Germany, and DZHK, (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Molecular Cell Biology lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences at University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology (ZOO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg Germany and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
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43
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Gutierrez-Miranda L, Yaniv K. Cellular Origins of the Lymphatic Endothelium: Implications for Cancer Lymphangiogenesis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:577584. [PMID: 33071831 PMCID: PMC7541848 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.577584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system plays important roles in physiological and pathological conditions. During cancer progression in particular, lymphangiogenesis can exert both positive and negative effects. While the formation of tumor associated lymphatic vessels correlates with metastatic dissemination, increased severity and poor patient prognosis, the presence of functional lymphatics is regarded as beneficial for anti-tumor immunity and cancer immunotherapy delivery. Therefore, a profound understanding of the cellular origins of tumor lymphatics and the molecular mechanisms controlling their formation is required in order to improve current strategies to control malignant spread. Data accumulated over the last decades have led to a controversy regarding the cellular sources of tumor-associated lymphatic vessels and the putative contribution of non-endothelial cells to this process. Although it is widely accepted that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) arise mainly from pre-existing lymphatic vessels, additional contribution from bone marrow-derived cells, myeloid precursors and terminally differentiated macrophages, has also been claimed. Here, we review recent findings describing new origins of LECs during embryonic development and discuss their relevance to cancer lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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44
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Gancz D, Perlmoter G, Yaniv K. Formation and Growth of Cardiac Lymphatics during Embryonic Development, Heart Regeneration, and Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a037176. [PMID: 31818858 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system plays crucial roles in regulating fluid homeostasis, immune surveillance, and lipid transport. As is in most of the body's organs, the heart possesses an extensive lymphatic network. Moreover, a robust lymphangiogenic response has been shown to take place following myocardial infarction, highlighting cardiac lymphatics as potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Yet, the unique molecular properties and functions of the heart's lymphatic system have only recently begun to be addressed. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the formation and growth of cardiac lymphatics during embryonic development and describe their characteristics across species. We further summarize recent findings highlighting diverse cellular origins for cardiac lymphatic endothelial cells and how they integrate to form a single functional lymphatic network. Finally, we outline novel therapeutic avenues aimed at enhancing lymphatic vessel formation and integrity following cardiac injury, which hold great promise for promoting healing of the infarcted heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Gancz
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gal Perlmoter
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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45
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Wang G, Muhl L, Padberg Y, Dupont L, Peterson-Maduro J, Stehling M, le Noble F, Colige A, Betsholtz C, Schulte-Merker S, van Impel A. Specific fibroblast subpopulations and neuronal structures provide local sources of Vegfc-processing components during zebrafish lymphangiogenesis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2724. [PMID: 32483144 PMCID: PMC7264274 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytical processing of the growth factor VEGFC through the concerted activity of CCBE1 and ADAMTS3 is required for lymphatic development to occur. How these factors act together in time and space, and which cell types produce these factors is not understood. Here we assess the function of Adamts3 and the related protease Adamts14 during zebrafish lymphangiogenesis and show both proteins to be able to process Vegfc. Only the simultaneous loss of both protein functions results in lymphatic defects identical to vegfc loss-of-function situations. Cell transplantation experiments demonstrate neuronal structures and/or fibroblasts to constitute cellular sources not only for both proteases but also for Ccbe1 and Vegfc. We further show that this locally restricted Vegfc maturation is needed to trigger normal lymphatic sprouting and directional migration. Our data provide a single-cell resolution model for establishing secretion and processing hubs for Vegfc during developmental lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Wang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lars Muhl
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Padberg
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura Dupont
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Biology, GIGA, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Martin Stehling
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Zoological Institute and Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alain Colige
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Biology, GIGA, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Andreas van Impel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.
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46
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Shibata-Germanos S, Goodman JR, Grieg A, Trivedi CA, Benson BC, Foti SC, Faro A, Castellan RFP, Correra RM, Barber M, Ruhrberg C, Weller RO, Lashley T, Iliff JJ, Hawkins TA, Rihel J. Structural and functional conservation of non-lumenized lymphatic endothelial cells in the mammalian leptomeninges. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:383-401. [PMID: 31696318 PMCID: PMC6989586 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02091-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate CNS is surrounded by the meninges, a protective barrier comprised of the outer dura mater and the inner leptomeninges, which includes the arachnoid and pial layers. While the dura mater contains lymphatic vessels, no conventional lymphatics have been found within the brain or leptomeninges. However, non-lumenized cells called Brain/Mural Lymphatic Endothelial Cells or Fluorescent Granule Perithelial cells (muLECs/BLECs/FGPs) that share a developmental program and gene expression with peripheral lymphatic vessels have been described in the meninges of zebrafish. Here we identify a structurally and functionally similar cell type in the mammalian leptomeninges that we name Leptomeningeal Lymphatic Endothelial Cells (LLEC). As in zebrafish, LLECs express multiple lymphatic markers, containing very large, spherical inclusions, and develop independently from the meningeal macrophage lineage. Mouse LLECs also internalize macromolecules from the cerebrospinal fluid, including Amyloid-β, the toxic driver of Alzheimer's disease progression. Finally, we identify morphologically similar cells co-expressing LLEC markers in human post-mortem leptomeninges. Given that LLECs share molecular, morphological, and functional characteristics with both lymphatics and macrophages, we propose they represent a novel, evolutionary conserved cell type with potential roles in homeostasis and immune organization of the meninges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James R Goodman
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alan Grieg
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Chintan A Trivedi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Bridget C Benson
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sandrine C Foti
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ana Faro
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | | | - Melissa Barber
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Roy O Weller
- Clinical Neurosciences (Neuropathology), Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey J Iliff
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Thomas A Hawkins
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jason Rihel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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47
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Saito E, Isogai S, Deguchi T, Ishida K, Nozaki T, Ishiyama E, Wayama M, Shimoda H. Intraperitoneal dye injection method for visualizing the functioning lymphatic vascular system in zebrafish and medaka. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:679-692. [PMID: 31837055 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A hierarchically organized lymphatic vascular system extends throughout the vertebrate body for tissue fluid homeostasis, immune trafficking, and the absorption of dietary fats. Intralymphatic dye injection and serial sectioning have been the main tools for visualizing lymphatic vessels. Specific markers for identifying the lymphatic vasculature in zebrafish and medaka have appeared as new tools that enable the study of lymphangiogenesis using genetic and experimental manipulation. Transgenic fishes have become excellent organisms for visualizing the lymphatic vasculature in living embryos, but this method has limited usefulness, especially in later developmental stages. The functional lymphatic endothelium predominantly takes up foreign particles in zebrafish and medaka. We utilized this physiological activity and lymph flow to label lymphatic vessels. Intraperitoneal injection of trypan blue is useful for temporal observations of the lymphatic ducts, which are essential for large-scale genetic screening, while cinnabar (HgS) injection allows identification of the lymphatic endothelium under electron microscopy, avoiding artefactual damage. This injection method, which is not high in cost and does not require high skill or special devices, is applicable to any live fish with functioning lymphatic vessels, even mutants, with high reproducibility for visualizing the entire lymphatic vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina Saito
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Cell Biology and Histology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Sumio Isogai
- Department of Anatomical Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Tomonori Deguchi
- Advanced Genome Design Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Osaka, Japan
| | - Kinji Ishida
- Technical Support Center for Life Science Research (LSR), Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nozaki
- Technical Support Center for Life Science Research (LSR), Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Eri Ishiyama
- Technical Support Center for Life Science Research (LSR), Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Marina Wayama
- Metrology and Analysis System Product Division, Nano-Technology Solution Business Group, Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimoda
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Cell Biology and Histology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan.,Department of Anatomical Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
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48
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Baek S, Oh TG, Secker G, Sutton DL, Okuda KS, Paterson S, Bower NI, Toubia J, Koltowska K, Capon SJ, Baillie GJ, Simons C, Muscat GEO, Lagendijk AK, Smith KA, Harvey NL, Hogan BM. The Alternative Splicing Regulator Nova2 Constrains Vascular Erk Signaling to Limit Specification of the Lymphatic Lineage. Dev Cell 2020; 49:279-292.e5. [PMID: 31014480 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The correct assignment of cell fate within fields of multipotent progenitors is essential for accurate tissue diversification. The first lymphatic vessels arise from pre-existing veins after venous endothelial cells become specified as lymphatic progenitors. Prox1 specifies lymphatic fate and labels these progenitors; however, the mechanisms restricting Prox1 expression and limiting the progenitor pool remain unknown. We identified a zebrafish mutant that displayed premature, expanded, and prolonged lymphatic specification. The gene responsible encodes the regulator of alternative splicing, Nova2. In zebrafish and human endothelial cells, Nova2 selectively regulates pre-mRNA splicing for components of signaling pathways and phosphoproteins. Nova2-deficient endothelial cells display increased Mapk/Erk signaling, and Prox1 expression is dynamically controlled by Erk signaling. We identify a mechanism whereby Nova2-regulated splicing constrains Erk signaling, thus limiting lymphatic progenitor cell specification. This identifies the capacity of a factor that tunes mRNA splicing to control assignment of cell fate during vascular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Baek
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Tae Gyu Oh
- Division of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Genevieve Secker
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Drew L Sutton
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kazuhide S Okuda
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Scott Paterson
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Neil I Bower
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - John Toubia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Australian Cancer Research, Centre for Cancer Biology, Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Samuel J Capon
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Gregory J Baillie
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Cas Simons
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - George E O Muscat
- Division of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Anne K Lagendijk
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Kelly A Smith
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia
| | - Natasha L Harvey
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4073, Australia.
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49
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Polvani S, Pepe S, Milani S, Galli A. COUP-TFII in Health and Disease. Cells 2019; 9:E101. [PMID: 31906104 PMCID: PMC7016888 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptors (NRs) belong to a vast family of evolutionary conserved proteins acting as ligand-activated transcription factors. Functionally, NRs are essential in embryogenesis and organogenesis and in adulthood they are involved in almost every physiological and pathological process. Our knowledge of NRs action has greatly improved in recent years, demonstrating that both their expression and activity are tightly regulated by a network of signaling pathways, miRNA and reciprocal interactions. The Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcription Factor II (COUP-TFII, NR2F2) is a NR classified as an orphan due to the lack of a known natural ligand. Although its expression peaks during development, and then decreases considerably, in adult tissues, COUP-TFII is an important regulator of differentiation and it is variably implicated in tissues homeostasis. As such, alterations of its expression or its transcriptional activity have been studied and linked to a spectrum of diseases in organs and tissues of different origins. Indeed, an altered COUP-TFII expression and activity may cause infertility, abnormality in the vascular system and metabolic diseases like diabetes. Moreover, COUP-TFII is actively investigated in cancer research but its role in tumor progression is yet to be fully understood. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of COUP-TFII in healthy and pathological conditions, proposing an updated and critical view of the many functions of this NR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Polvani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (S.P.); (S.M.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, largo Brambilla 50, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Sara Pepe
- Istituto per la Ricerca, la Prevenzione e la rete Oncologica (ISPRO), viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy;
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, via M. Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Milani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (S.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Andrea Galli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (S.P.); (S.M.)
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50
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Gancz D, Raftrey BC, Perlmoter G, Marín-Juez R, Semo J, Matsuoka RL, Karra R, Raviv H, Moshe N, Addadi Y, Golani O, Poss KD, Red-Horse K, Stainier DY, Yaniv K. Distinct origins and molecular mechanisms contribute to lymphatic formation during cardiac growth and regeneration. eLife 2019; 8:44153. [PMID: 31702554 PMCID: PMC6881115 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the role of lymphatics in organ repair and regeneration, due to their importance in immune surveillance and fluid homeostasis. Experimental approaches aimed at boosting lymphangiogenesis following myocardial infarction in mice, were shown to promote healing of the heart. Yet, the mechanisms governing cardiac lymphatic growth remain unclear. Here, we identify two distinct lymphatic populations in the hearts of zebrafish and mouse, one that forms through sprouting lymphangiogenesis, and the other by coalescence of isolated lymphatic cells. By tracing the development of each subset, we reveal diverse cellular origins and differential response to signaling cues. Finally, we show that lymphatic vessels are required for cardiac regeneration in zebrafish as mutants lacking lymphatics display severely impaired regeneration capabilities. Overall, our results provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying lymphatic formation during development and regeneration, opening new avenues for interventions targeting specific lymphatic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Gancz
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Brian C Raftrey
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Gal Perlmoter
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rubén Marín-Juez
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Jonathan Semo
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ryota L Matsuoka
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ravi Karra
- Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, United States.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Hila Raviv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noga Moshe
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoseph Addadi
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kenneth D Poss
- Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Didier Yr Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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