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Benwell CJ, Johnson RT, Taylor JA, Price CA, Robinson SD. Endothelial VEGFR Coreceptors Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 Are Essential for Tumor Angiogenesis. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:1626-1640. [PMID: 36970722 PMCID: PMC10036134 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilin (NRP) expression is highly correlated with poor outcome in multiple cancer subtypes. As known coreceptors for VEGFRs, core drivers of angiogenesis, past investigations have alluded to their functional roles in facilitating tumorigenesis by promoting invasive vessel growth. Despite this, it remains unclear as to whether NRP1 and NRP2 act in a synergistic manner to enhance pathologic angiogenesis. Here we demonstrate, using NRP1 ECKO , NRP2 ECKO , and NRP1/NRP2 ECKO mouse models, that maximum inhibition of primary tumor development and angiogenesis is achieved when both endothelial NRP1 and NRP2 are targeted simultaneously. Metastasis and secondary site angiogenesis were also significantly inhibited in NRP1/NRP2 ECKO animals. Mechanistic studies revealed that codepleting NRP1 and NRP2 in mouse-microvascular endothelial cells stimulates rapid shuttling of VEGFR-2 to Rab7+ endosomes for proteosomal degradation. Our results highlight the importance of targeting both NRP1 and NRP2 to modulate tumor angiogenesis. Significance The findings presented in this study demonstrate that tumor angiogenesis and growth can be arrested completely by cotargeting endothelial NRP1 and NRP2. We provide new insight into the mechanisms of action regulating NRP-dependent tumor angiogenesis and signpost a novel approach to halt tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Benwell
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Robert T. Johnson
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - James A.G.E. Taylor
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Price
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D. Robinson
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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2
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Gioelli N, Neilson LJ, Wei N, Villari G, Chen W, Kuhle B, Ehling M, Maione F, Willox S, Brundu S, Avanzato D, Koulouras G, Mazzone M, Giraudo E, Yang XL, Valdembri D, Zanivan S, Serini G. Neuropilin 1 and its inhibitory ligand mini-tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase inversely regulate VE-cadherin turnover and vascular permeability. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4188. [PMID: 35858913 PMCID: PMC9300702 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of a functional blood vessel network relies on the ability of endothelial cells (ECs) to dynamically rearrange their adhesive contacts in response to blood flow and guidance cues, such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and class 3 semaphorins (SEMA3s). Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is essential for blood vessel development, independently of its ligands VEGF-A and SEMA3, through poorly understood mechanisms. Grounding on unbiased proteomic analysis, we report here that NRP1 acts as an endocytic chaperone primarily for adhesion receptors on the surface of unstimulated ECs. NRP1 localizes at adherens junctions (AJs) where, interacting with VE-cadherin, promotes its basal internalization-dependent turnover and favors vascular permeability initiated by histamine in both cultured ECs and mice. We identify a splice variant of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (mini-WARS) as an unconventionally secreted extracellular inhibitory ligand of NRP1 that, by stabilizing it at the AJs, slows down both VE-cadherin turnover and histamine-elicited endothelial leakage. Thus, our work shows a role for NRP1 as a major regulator of AJs plasticity and reveals how mini-WARS acts as a physiological NRP1 inhibitory ligand in the control of VE-cadherin endocytic turnover and vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Gioelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | | | - Na Wei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Giulia Villari
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bernhard Kuhle
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Manuel Ehling
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Federica Maione
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sander Willox
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Serena Brundu
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniele Avanzato
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK.
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Guido Serini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy.
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy.
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3
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Xu J, Wang X, Ke Q, Liao K, Wan Y, Zhang K, Zhang G, Wang X. Combined bioinformatics technology to explore pivot genes and related clinical prognosis in the development of gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15412. [PMID: 34326374 PMCID: PMC8322082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To screen the key genes in the development of gastric cancer and their influence on prognosis. The GEO database was used to screen gastric cancer-related gene chips as a training set, and the R packages limma tool was used to analyze the differential genes expressed in gastric cancer tissues compared to normal tissues, and then the selected genes were verified in the validation set. The String database was used to calculate their Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, using Cytoscape software's Centiscape and other plug-ins to analyze key genes in the PPI network. The DAVID database was used to enrich and annotate gene functions of differential genes and PPI key module genes, and further explore correlation between expression level and clinical stage and prognosis. Based on clinical data and patient samples, differential expression of key node genes was verified by immunohistochemistry. The 63 characteristic differential genes screened had good discrimination between gastric cancer and normal tissues, and are mainly involved in regulating extracellular matrix receptor interactions and the PI3k-AKT signaling pathway. Key nodes in the PPI network regulate tumor proliferation and metastasis. Analysis of the expression levels of key node genes found that relative to normal tissues, the expression of ITGB1 and COL1A2 was significantly increased in gastric cancer tissues, and patients with late clinical stages of tumors had higher expression of ITGB1 and COL1A2 in tumor tissues, and their survival time was longer (P < 0.05). This study found that ITGB1 and COL1A2 are key genes in the development of gastric cancer and can be used as prognostic markers and potential new targets for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- Public Health College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiwen Ke
- Information Engineering School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kaili Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanhua Wan
- Department of General Surgery, The Jiujiang Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Kaihua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Jiujiang Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Guanyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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4
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Mészáros B, Sámano-Sánchez H, Alvarado-Valverde J, Čalyševa J, Martínez-Pérez E, Alves R, Shields DC, Kumar M, Rippmann F, Chemes LB, Gibson TJ. Short linear motif candidates in the cell entry system used by SARS-CoV-2 and their potential therapeutic implications. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabd0334. [PMID: 33436497 PMCID: PMC7928535 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abd0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first reported receptor for SARS-CoV-2 on host cells was the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). However, the viral spike protein also has an RGD motif, suggesting that cell surface integrins may be co-receptors. We examined the sequences of ACE2 and integrins with the Eukaryotic Linear Motif (ELM) resource and identified candidate short linear motifs (SLiMs) in their short, unstructured, cytosolic tails with potential roles in endocytosis, membrane dynamics, autophagy, cytoskeleton, and cell signaling. These SLiM candidates are highly conserved in vertebrates and may interact with the μ2 subunit of the endocytosis-associated AP2 adaptor complex, as well as with various protein domains (namely, I-BAR, LC3, PDZ, PTB, and SH2) found in human signaling and regulatory proteins. Several motifs overlap in the tail sequences, suggesting that they may act as molecular switches, such as in response to tyrosine phosphorylation status. Candidate LC3-interacting region (LIR) motifs are present in the tails of integrin β3 and ACE2, suggesting that these proteins could directly recruit autophagy components. Our findings identify several molecular links and testable hypotheses that could uncover mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 attachment, entry, and replication against which it may be possible to develop host-directed therapies that dampen viral infection and disease progression. Several of these SLiMs have now been validated to mediate the predicted peptide interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Mészáros
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
| | - Hugo Sámano-Sánchez
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Jesús Alvarado-Valverde
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences
| | - Jelena Čalyševa
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences
| | - Elizabeth Martínez-Pérez
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Laboratorio de bioinformática estructural, Fundación Instituto Leloir, C1405BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renato Alves
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Denis C Shields
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Manjeet Kumar
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Rippmann
- Computational Chemistry & Biology, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lucía B Chemes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", IIB-UNSAM, IIBIO-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CP1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Toby J Gibson
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
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5
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Alghamdi AAA, Benwell CJ, Atkinson SJ, Lambert J, Johnson RT, Robinson SD. NRP2 as an Emerging Angiogenic Player; Promoting Endothelial Cell Adhesion and Migration by Regulating Recycling of α5 Integrin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:395. [PMID: 32528960 PMCID: PMC7264094 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis relies on the ability of endothelial cells (ECs) to migrate over the extracellular matrix via integrin receptors to respond to an angiogenic stimulus. Of the two neuropilin (NRP) orthologs to be identified, both have been reported to be expressed on normal blood and lymphatic ECs, and to play roles in the formation of blood and lymphatic vascular networks during angiogenesis. Whilst the role of NRP1 and its interactions with integrins during angiogenesis has been widely studied, the role of NRP2 in ECs is poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that NRP2 promotes Rac-1 mediated EC adhesion and migration over fibronectin (FN) matrices in a mechanistically distinct fashion to NRP1, showing no dependence on β3 integrin (ITGB3) expression, or VEGF stimulation. Furthermore, we highlight evidence of a regulatory crosstalk between NRP2 and α5 integrin (ITGA5) in ECs, with NRP2 depletion eliciting an upregulation of ITGA5 expression and disruptions in ITGA5 cellular organization. Finally, we propose a mechanism whereby NRP2 promotes ITGA5 recycling in ECs; NRP2 depleted ECs were found to exhibit reduced levels of total ITGA5 subunit recycling compared to wild-type (WT) ECs. Our findings expose NRP2 as a novel angiogenic player by promoting ITGA5-mediated EC adhesion and migration on FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A A Alghamdi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Benwell
- Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J Atkinson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jordi Lambert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Robert T Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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6
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Al‐Zeheimi N, Adham SA. Modeling Neoadjuvant chemotherapy resistance in vitro increased NRP-1 and HER2 expression and converted MCF7 breast cancer subtype. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2024-2041. [PMID: 31883395 PMCID: PMC7161552 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with locally advanced breast cancer usually receive third-generation neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Although NAC treatment improved the overall survival, patients' response varies, some acquire resistance and others exhibit a conversion in their breast cancer molecular subtype. We aimed to identify the molecular changes involved in NAC resistance attempting to find new therapeutic targets in different breast cancer subtypes. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We modelled NAC treatments used in clinical practice and generated resistant cell lines in vitro. The resistant cells were generated by consecutive treatment with four cycles of doxorubicin (adriamycin)/cyclophosphamide (4xAC) followed by an additional four cycles of paclitaxel (4xAC + 4xPAC). KEY RESULTS Our data revealed distinct mechanisms of resistance depending on breast cancer subtype and drugs used. MDA-MB-231 cells resistant to 4xAC + 4xPAC activated neuropilin-1/TNC/integrin β3/FAK/NF-κBp65 axis and displayed a decrease in breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCB2). However, MCF7 cells resistant to 4xAC treatments induced HER2 expression, which converted MCF7 subtype from luminal A to luminal B HER2 type, up-regulated neuropilin-1, oestrogen receptor-α, and EGFR, and activated PI3K/Akt/NF-κBp65 axis. However, MCF7 cells resistant to 4xAC + 4xPAC exhibited down-regulation of the survival axis and up-regulated BCRP/ABCG2. Co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated a novel interaction between HER2 and neuropilin-1 driving the resistance features. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The concurrent increase in neuropilin-1 and HER2 upon resistance and the inverse relationship between neuropilin-1 and BCRP/ABCG2 suggest that, in addition to HER2, neuropilin-1 status should be assessed in patients undergoing NAC, and as a potential drug target for refractory breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Al‐Zeheimi
- Department of Biology, College of ScienceSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscatOman
| | - Sirin A. Adham
- Department of Biology, College of ScienceSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscatOman
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7
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Conformationally active integrin endocytosis and traffic: why, where, when and how? Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:83-93. [PMID: 32065228 PMCID: PMC7054750 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal control of integrin-mediated cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for physiological and pathological events in multicellular organisms, such as embryonic development, angiogenesis, platelet aggregation, leukocytes extravasation, and cancer cell metastatic dissemination. Regulation of integrin adhesive function and signaling relies on the modulation of both conformation and traffic. Indeed, integrins exist in a dynamic equilibrium between a bent/closed (inactive) and an extended/open (active) conformation, respectively endowed with low and high affinity for ECM ligands. Increasing evidence proves that, differently to what hypothesized in the past, detachment from the ECM and conformational inactivation are not mandatory for integrin to get endocytosed and trafficked. Specific transmembrane and cytosolic proteins involved in the control of ECM proteolytic fragment-bound active integrin internalization and recycling exist. In the complex masterplan that governs cell behavior, active integrin traffic is key to the turnover of ECM polymers and adhesion sites, the polarized secretion of endogenous ECM proteins and modifying enzymes, the propagation of motility and survival endosomal signals, and the control of cell metabolism.
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8
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McGowan SE, Lansakara TI, McCoy DM, Zhu L, Tivanski AV. Platelet-derived Growth Factor-α and Neuropilin-1 Mediate Lung Fibroblast Response to Rigid Collagen Fibers. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:454-465. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0173oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E. McGowan
- Department of Veterans Affairs Research Service, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, and
| | | | - Diann M. McCoy
- Department of Veterans Affairs Research Service, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, and
| | - Lien Zhu
- Department of Veterans Affairs Research Service, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, and
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9
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Neuropilin: Handyman and Power Broker in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1223:31-67. [PMID: 32030684 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35582-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 form a small family of transmembrane receptors, which, due to the lack of a cytosolic protein kinase domain, act primarily as co-receptors for various ligands. Performing at the molecular level both the executive and organizing functions of a handyman as well as of a power broker, they are instrumental in controlling the signaling of various receptor tyrosine kinases, integrins, and other molecules involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological angiogenic processes. In this setting, the various neuropilin ligands and interaction partners on various cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as cancer cells, endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and immune cells, are surveyed. The suitability of various neuropilin-targeting substances and the intervention in neuropilin-mediated interactions is considered as a possible building block of tumor therapy.
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10
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Niland S, Eble JA. Neuropilins in the Context of Tumor Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030639. [PMID: 30717262 PMCID: PMC6387129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 form a small family of plasma membrane spanning receptors originally identified by the binding of semaphorin and vascular endothelial growth factor. Having no cytosolic protein kinase domain, they function predominantly as co-receptors of other receptors for various ligands. As such, they critically modulate the signaling of various receptor tyrosine kinases, integrins, and other molecules involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological angiogenic processes. This review highlights the diverse neuropilin ligands and interacting partners on endothelial cells, which are relevant in the context of the tumor vasculature and the tumor microenvironment. In addition to tumor cells, the latter contains cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. Based on the prevalent neuropilin-mediated interactions, the suitability of various neuropilin-targeted substances for influencing tumor angiogenesis as a possible building block of a tumor therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Niland
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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11
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Atkinson SJ, Gontarczyk AM, Alghamdi AA, Ellison TS, Johnson RT, Fowler WJ, Kirkup BM, Silva BC, Harry BE, Schneider JG, Weilbaecher KN, Mogensen MM, Bass MD, Parsons M, Edwards DR, Robinson SD. The β3-integrin endothelial adhesome regulates microtubule-dependent cell migration. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201744578. [PMID: 29794156 PMCID: PMC6030693 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin β3 is seen as a key anti-angiogenic target for cancer treatment due to its expression on neovasculature, but the role it plays in the process is complex; whether it is pro- or anti-angiogenic depends on the context in which it is expressed. To understand precisely β3's role in regulating integrin adhesion complexes in endothelial cells, we characterised, by mass spectrometry, the β3-dependent adhesome. We show that depletion of β3-integrin in this cell type leads to changes in microtubule behaviour that control cell migration. β3-integrin regulates microtubule stability in endothelial cells through Rcc2/Anxa2-driven control of active Rac1 localisation. Our findings reveal that angiogenic processes, both in vitro and in vivo, are more sensitive to microtubule targeting agents when β3-integrin levels are reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Atkinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Aleksander M Gontarczyk
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Abdullah Aa Alghamdi
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Tim S Ellison
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Robert T Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Wesley J Fowler
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Benjamin M Kirkup
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Bernardo C Silva
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Bronwen E Harry
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Jochen G Schneider
- Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), Luxembourg & Saarland University Medical Center, Internal Medicine II, University of Luxembourg, Homburg, Germany.,Centre Hospitalier Emily Mayrisch, Esch, Luxembourg
| | - Katherine N Weilbaecher
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mette M Mogensen
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Mark D Bass
- Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guys Campus, London, UK
| | - Dylan R Edwards
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Stephen D Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Naik A, Al-Yahyaee A, Abdullah N, Sam JE, Al-Zeheimi N, Yaish MW, Adham SA. Neuropilin-1 promotes the oncogenic Tenascin-C/integrin β3 pathway and modulates chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:533. [PMID: 29728077 PMCID: PMC5935908 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a non-tyrosine kinase glycoprotein receptor, is associated with poor prognosis breast cancer, however transcriptomic changes triggered by NRP-1 overexpression and its association with chemoresistance in breast cancer have not yet been explored. Methods BT-474 NRP-1 variant cells were generated by stable overexpression of NRP-1 in the BT-474 breast cancer cell line. RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR were conducted to identify differentially expressed genes. The role of an upregulated oncogene, Tenascin C (TNC) and its associated pathway was investigated by siRNA-mediated knockdown. Resistant variants of the control and BT-474 NRP-1 cells were generated by sequential treatment with four cycles of Adriamycin/Cyclophosphamide (4xAC) followed by four cycles of Paclitaxel (4xAC + 4xPAC). Results NRP-1 overexpression increased cellular tumorigenic behavior. RNA sequencing identified upregulation of an oncogene, Tenascin-C (TNC) and downregulation of several tumor suppressors in BT-474 NRP-1 cells. Additionally, protein analysis indicated activation of the TNC-associated integrin β3 (ITGB3) pathway via focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Akt (Ser473) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) p65. siRNA-mediated TNC knockdown ablated the migratory capacity of BT-474 NRP-1 cells and inactivated FAK/Akt473 signaling. NRP-1 overexpressing cells downregulated breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2). Consequently, sequential treatment with Adriamycin/Cyclophosphamide (AC) cytotoxic drugs to generate resistant cells indicated that BT-474 NRP-1 cells increased sensitivity to treatment by inactivating NRP-1/ITGB3/FAK/Akt/NF-kB p65 signaling compared to wild-type BT-474 resistant cells. Conclusions We thus report a novel mechanism correlating high baseline NRP-1 with upregulated TNC/ITGB3 signaling, but decreased ABCG2 expression, which sensitizes BT-474 NRP-1 cells to Adriamycin/Cyclophosphamide. The study emphasizes on the targetability of the NRP-1/ITGB3 axis and its potential as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapy response. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4446-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adviti Naik
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, Muscat, Oman
| | - Aida Al-Yahyaee
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 35, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nada Abdullah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, Muscat, Oman
| | - Juda-El Sam
- Department of Life Sciences, Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen, Kapittelweg 33, 6525, Nijmegen, EN, Netherlands
| | - Noura Al-Zeheimi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mahmoud W Yaish
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, Muscat, Oman
| | - Sirin A Adham
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, Muscat, Oman.
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Jia T, Choi J, Ciccione J, Henry M, Mehdi A, Martinez J, Eymin B, Subra G, Coll JL. Heteromultivalent targeting of integrin α vβ 3 and neuropilin 1 promotes cell survival via the activation of the IGF-1/insulin receptors. Biomaterials 2017; 155:64-79. [PMID: 29169039 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis strongly depends on the activation of integrins, especially integrin αvβ3, and of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a co-receptor of VEGFR2. Dual-targeted molecules that simultaneously block both of them are expected have increased anti-angiogenic and antitumor activity. Toward this goal, we generated bifunctional 40 nm-sized silica nanoparticles (NPs) coated with controlled amounts of cRGD and ATWLPPR peptides and studied their affinity, selectivity and biological activity in HUVECs. Sub-nanomolar concentrations of NPs grafted either with ATWLPPR alone or in combination with cRGD exhibit potent and specific antagonist activity against VEGFR2/AKT signaling. However, a 1 nM concentration of the cRGD/ATWLPPR-heteromultivalent particles (RGD/ATW-NPs) also blocks the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 while co-inducing an unexpected long-lasting activation of AKT via IGF-1R/IR-AKT/GSK3β/eNOS signaling that stimulates cell survival and abrogates the intrinsic toxicity of silica-NPs to serum-starved HUVECs. We also showed that their repeated intravenous administration was associated with the proliferation of human U87MG tumor cells engrafted in nude mice and a dilatation of the tumor blood vessels. We present biochemical evidence for the complex cross-talk generated by the binding of the heteromultivalent NPs with αvβ3-integrin and with NRP1. In particular, we show for the first time that such heteromultivalent NPs can trans-activate IGF-1/insulin receptors and exert dose-dependent pro-survival activity. This study demonstrates the difficulties in designing targeted silica-based NPs for antiangiogenic therapies and the possible risks posed by undesirable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jia
- INSERM-UGA U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, La Tronche, France
| | - Jungyoon Choi
- INSERM-UGA U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, La Tronche, France
| | - Jéremy Ciccione
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Maxime Henry
- INSERM-UGA U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, La Tronche, France
| | - Ahmad Mehdi
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR5253, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Béatrice Eymin
- INSERM-UGA U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, La Tronche, France
| | - Gilles Subra
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- INSERM-UGA U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, La Tronche, France.
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The expanding role of neuropilin: regulation of transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factor signaling in the vasculature. Curr Opin Hematol 2016; 23:260-7. [PMID: 26849476 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Long recognized for its role in regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling, neuropilin (Nrp)1 has emerged as a modulator of additional signaling pathways critical for vascular development and function. Here we review two novel functions of Nrp1 in blood vessels: regulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling in endothelial cells and regulation of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells. RECENT FINDINGS Novel mouse models demonstrate that Nrp1 fulfills vascular functions independent of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling. These include modulation of TGFβ-dependent inhibition of endothelial sprouting during developmental angiogenesis and PDGF signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells during development and disease. SUMMARY Broadening our understanding of how and where Nrp1 functions in the vasculature is critical for the development of targeted therapeutics for cancer and vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and retinopathies.
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Guo HF, Vander Kooi CW. Neuropilin Functions as an Essential Cell Surface Receptor. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:29120-6. [PMID: 26451046 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r115.687327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Neuropilins (Nrps) are a family of essential cell surface receptors involved in multiple fundamental cellular signaling cascades. Nrp family members have key functions in VEGF-dependent angiogenesis and semaphorin-dependent axon guidance, controlling signaling and cross-talk between these fundamental physiological processes. More recently, Nrp function has been found in diverse signaling and adhesive functions, emphasizing their role as pleiotropic co-receptors. Pathological Nrp function has been shown to be important in aberrant activation of both canonical and alternative pathways. Here we review key recent insights into Nrp function in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Fu Guo
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Craig W Vander Kooi
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
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