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Sun L, Jin Y, Nishio M, Watanabe M, Kamakura T, Nagata S, Fukuda M, Maekawa H, Kawai S, Yamamoto T, Toguchida J. Oxidative phosphorylation is a pivotal therapeutic target of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302219. [PMID: 38365425 PMCID: PMC10875110 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a non-physiological bone formation where soft tissue progenitor cells differentiate into chondrogenic cells. In fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive and systemic HO, the Activin A/mutated ACVR1/mTORC1 cascade induces HO in progenitors in muscle tissues. The relevant biological processes aberrantly regulated by activated mTORC1 remain unclear, however. RNA-sequencing analyses revealed the enrichment of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) during Activin A-induced chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells derived from FOP patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. Functional analyses showed a metabolic transition from glycolysis to OXPHOS during chondrogenesis, along with increased mitochondrial biogenesis. mTORC1 inhibition by rapamycin suppressed OXPHOS, whereas OXPHOS inhibitor IACS-010759 inhibited cartilage matrix formation in vitro, indicating that OXPHOS is principally involved in mTORC1-induced chondrogenesis. Furthermore, IACS-010759 inhibited the muscle injury-induced enrichment of fibro/adipogenic progenitor genes and HO in transgenic mice carrying the mutated human ACVR1. These data indicated that OXPHOS is a critical downstream mediator of mTORC1 signaling in chondrogenesis and therefore is a potential FOP therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Sun
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yonghui Jin
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumi Nishio
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Life Science Research Center, Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kamakura
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sanae Nagata
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fukuda
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Maekawa
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kawai
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical-risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junya Toguchida
- Department of Regeneration Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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[Research progress of traumatic heterotopic ossification]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2022; 36:386-394. [PMID: 35293183 PMCID: PMC8923934 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202110078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review and evaluate the research progress of traumatic heterotopic ossification (HO). METHODS The domestic and foreign related research literature on traumatic HO was widely consulted, and its etiology, pathogenesis, pathological progress, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment were summarized. RESULTS Traumatic HO is often caused by severe trauma such as joint operation, explosion injury, nerve injury, and burn. At present, it is widely believed that the occurrence of traumatic HO is closely related to inflammation and hypoxia. Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and surgery are the main methods to prevent and treat traumatic HO. CONCLUSION Nowadays, the pathogenesis of traumatic HO is still unclear, the efficiency of relevant prevention and treatment measures is low, and there is a lack of specific treatment method. In the future, it is necessary to further study the pathogenesis of traumatic HO and find specific prevention and treatment targets.
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Chen HY, Hu Y, Xu XB, Zhou YA, Li NS, He C, Xie C, Lu NH, Zhu Y. Upregulation of oncogene Activin A receptor type I by Helicobacter pylori infection promotes gastric intestinal metaplasia via regulating CDX2. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12849. [PMID: 34490965 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1) is involved in tumorigenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of ACVR1 in gastric cancer (GC) and its association with Helicobacter pylori remained unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database were utilized to explore the ACVR1 expression in GC and normal control and its association with survival. The ACVR1 was knocked out using CRISPR/Cas-9; RNA sequencing analysis was performed in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout and normal control. Functional experiments (CCK-8, colony-forming, and transwell assays) were conducted to demonstrate the role of ACVR1 in cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. H. pylori-infected C57/BL6 models were established. ACVR1, p-Smad1/5, and CDX2 were detected in AGS cells cocultured with H. pylori strains. The CDX2 and key elements of BMP signaling pathway were detected in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout and normal control. In addition, Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the ACVR1 and CDX2 expression in gastric samples. RESULTS ACVR1 expression was higher in GC than normal control from TCGA, GEPIA, and samples collected from our hospital (p < 0.05). ACVR1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Both cagA+ and cagA- H. pylori could upregulate the expression ACVR1 (p < 0.05). Downregulation of ACVR1 inhibited the H. pylori-induced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (p < 0.05). H. pylori increased the expression of p-Smad 1/5 and CDX2. The CDX2 and key elements of BMP signaling pathway were downregulated in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout. ACVR1 and CDX2 were upregulated in the stage of intestinal metaplasia (IM). Moreover, ACVR1 and CDX2 expressions were higher in H. pylori-positive group than H. pylori-negative group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that H. pylori infection increases ACVR1 expression, promoting gastric IM via regulating CDX2, which is an essential step in H. pylori carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin-Bo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan-An Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nian-Shuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nong-Hua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Cappato S, Gamberale R, Bocciardi R, Brunelli S. Genetic and Acquired Heterotopic Ossification: A Translational Tale of Mice and Men. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120611. [PMID: 33327623 PMCID: PMC7765130 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification is defined as an aberrant formation of bone in extraskeletal soft tissue, for which both genetic and acquired conditions are known. This pathologic process may occur in many different sites such as the skin, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscle and fibrous tissue adjacent to joints, ligaments, walls of blood vessels, mesentery and other. The clinical spectrum of this disorder is wide: lesions may range from small foci of ossification to massive deposits of bone throughout the body, typical of the progressive genetically determined conditions such as fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, to mention one of the most severe and disabling forms. The ectopic bone formation may be regarded as a failed tissue repair process in response to a variety of triggers and evolving towards bone formation through a multistage differentiation program, with several steps common to different clinical presentations and distinctive features. In this review, we aim at providing a comprehensive view of the genetic and acquired heterotopic ossification disorders by detailing the clinical and molecular features underlying the different human conditions in comparison with the corresponding, currently available mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Cappato
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Gamberale
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Renata Bocciardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Brunelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milano, Italy; (R.G.); (S.B.)
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Xu TH, Du Y, Sheng Z, Li Y, Qiu X, Tian B, Yao L. OGT-Mediated KEAP1 Glycosylation Accelerates NRF2 Degradation Leading to High Phosphate-Induced Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1092. [PMID: 33192538 PMCID: PMC7649800 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Unraveling the complex regulatory pathways that mediate the effects of phosphate on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may provide novel targets and therapies to limit the destructive effects of vascular calcification (VC) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our previous studies have highlighted several signaling networks associated with VSMC autophagy, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Thereafter, the current study was performed to characterize the functional relevance of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) in high phosphate-induced VC in CKD settings. We generated VC models in 5/6 nephrectomized rats in vivo and VSMC calcification models in vitro. Artificial modulation of OGT (knockdown and overexpression) was performed to explore the role of OGT in VSMC autophagy and VC in thoracic aorta, and in vivo experiments were used to substantiate in vitro findings. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was performed to examine interaction between OGT and kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (KEAP1), and in vivo ubiquitination assay was performed to examine ubiquitination extent of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). OGT was highly expressed in high phosphate-induced 5/6 nephrectomized rats and VSMCs. OGT silencing was shown to suppress high phosphate-induced calcification of VSMCs. OGT enhances KEAP1 glycosylation and thereby results in degradation and ubiquitination of NRF2, concurrently inhibiting VSMC autophagy to promote VSMC calcification in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. OGT inhibits VSMC autophagy through the KEAP1/NRF2 axis and thus accelerates high phosphate-induced VC in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hua Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinke Du
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zitong Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobo Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Binyao Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Sanchez-Duffhues G, Williams E, Goumans MJ, Heldin CH, Ten Dijke P. Bone morphogenetic protein receptors: Structure, function and targeting by selective small molecule kinase inhibitors. Bone 2020; 138:115472. [PMID: 32522605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted cytokines that control the fate and function of many different cell types. They exert their cellular responses via heteromeric complexes of specific BMP type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors, e.g. BMPRIA and BMPRII. Three type II and four type I receptors, also termed activin receptor-like kinases (ALKs), have been identified. The constitutively active type II kinase phosphorylates the type I receptor, which upon activation initiates intracellular signaling by phosphorylating SMAD effectors. Auxiliary cell surface receptors without intrinsic enzymatic motifs, such as Endoglin and Repulsive guidance molecules (RGM), can fine-tune signaling by regulating the interaction of the BMP ligands with the BMPRs. The functional annotation of the BMPR encoding genes has helped to understand underlying mechanisms of diseases in which these genes are mutated. Loss of function mutations in BMPRII, Endoglin or RGMc are causally linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and juvenile hemochromatosis, respectively. In contrast, gain of function mutations in ACVR1, encoding ALK2, are linked to Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Here, we discuss BMPR identification, structure and function in health and disease. Moreover, we highlight the therapeutic promise of small chemical compounds that act as selective BMPR kinase inhibitors to normalize overactive BMPR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Sanchez-Duffhues
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Eleanor Williams
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Marie-Jose Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Zhang H, Ding W, Ji F, Wu D. MicroRNA-410 participates in the pathological process of postmenopausal osteoporosis by downregulating bone morphogenetic protein-2. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3659-3666. [PMID: 31602244 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and microRNA (miR)-410 expression and the mechanism of regulation in serum and CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and model mice. A total of 26 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis were included in the experimental group and 29 age-matched healthy subjects were included in the control group. A total of 60 mice were divided into sham and ovariectomized (OVX) groups. Following surgery, 28 mice remained in the sham and 25 mice remained in OVX group. BMP-2 protein expression in serum and CD14+ PBMCs from patients and model mice was determined using ELISA and western blotting, respectively. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to determine miR-410 and BMP-2 mRNA levels in serum and CD14+ PBMCs from patients and model mice. Dual luciferase reporter assays were used to identify direct interactions between miR-410 and BMP-2 mRNA. Compared with the control group, BMP-2 mRNA and protein expression in serum and CD14+ PBMCs from patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and model mice were significantly decreased. miR-410 levels in serum and CD14+ PBMCs from patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and model mice were significantly increased when compared with the control group. Dual luciferase reporter assays revealed that BMP-2 was a target gene of miR-410. The current study demonstrated that decreased BMP-2 expression in serum and CD14+ PBMCs from patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis was associated with the upregulation of miR-410. These results suggest that miR-410 may participate in the pathological process of postmenopausal osteoporosis by downregulating BMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Ding
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Fang Ji
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Dajiang Wu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Shi F, Gao J, Zou J, Ying Y, Lin H. Targeting heterotopic ossification by inhibiting activin receptor‑like kinase 2 function (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2979-2989. [PMID: 31432174 PMCID: PMC6755183 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to the appearance of osteoblasts in soft tissues under pathological conditions, such as trauma or infection. HO arises in an unpredictable way without any recognizable initiation. Activin receptor-like kinase-2 (ALK2) is a type I cell surface receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). The dysregulation of ALK2 signaling is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer and HO. At present, the prevention and treatment of HO in the clinic predominantly includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), bisphosphonates and other drug treatments, low-dose local radiation therapy and surgical resection, rehabilitation treatment and physical therapy. However, most of these therapies have adverse effects. These methods do not prevent the occurrence of HO. The pathogenesis of HO is not being specifically targeted; the current treatment strategies target the symptoms, not the disease. These treatments also cannot solve the fundamental problem of the occurrence of HO. Therefore, scholars have been working to develop targeted therapies based on the pathogenesis of HO. The present review focuses on advances in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of HO, and possible options for the prevention and treatment of HO. In addition, the role of ALK2 in the process of HO is introduced and the progress made towards the targeted inhibition of ALK2 is discussed. The present study aims to offer a platform for further research on possible targets for the prevention and treatment of HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Shi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Gao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Junrong Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ying Ying
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Tirone M, Giovenzana A, Vallone A, Zordan P, Sormani M, Nicolosi PA, Meneveri R, Gigliotti CR, Spinelli AE, Bocciardi R, Ravazzolo R, Cifola I, Brunelli S. Severe Heterotopic Ossification in the Skeletal Muscle and Endothelial Cells Recruitment to Chondrogenesis Are Enhanced by Monocyte/Macrophage Depletion. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1640. [PMID: 31396210 PMCID: PMC6662553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered macrophage infiltration upon tissue damage results in inadequate healing due to inappropriate remodeling and stem cell recruitment and differentiation. We investigated in vivo whether cells of endothelial origin phenotypically change upon heterotopic ossification induction and whether infiltration of innate immunity cells influences their commitment and alters the ectopic bone formation. Liposome-encapsulated clodronate was used to assess macrophage impact on endothelial cells in the skeletal muscle upon acute damage in the ECs specific lineage-tracing Cdh5CreERT2:R26REYFP/dtTomato transgenic mice. Macrophage depletion in the injured skeletal muscle partially shifts the fate of ECs toward endochondral differentiation. Upon ectopic stimulation of BMP signaling, monocyte depletion leads to an enhanced contribution of ECs chondrogenesis and to ectopic bone formation, with increased bone volume and density, that is reversed by ACVR1/SMAD pathway inhibitor dipyridamole. This suggests that macrophages contribute to preserve endothelial fate and to limit the bone lesion in a BMP/injury-induced mouse model of heterotopic ossification. Therefore, alterations of the macrophage-endothelial axis may represent a novel target for molecular intervention in heterotopic ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tirone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Giovenzana
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Vallone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Zordan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Sormani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Raffaela Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Antonello E Spinelli
- Centre for Experimental Imaging, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renata Bocciardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.,U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Ravazzolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.,U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Ingrid Cifola
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Brunelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Padilha EC, Wang J, Kerns E, Lee A, Huang W, Jiang JK, McKew J, Mutlib A, Peccinini RG, Yu PB, Sanderson P, Xu X. Application of in vitro Drug Metabolism Studies in Chemical Structure Optimization for the Treatment of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:234. [PMID: 31068801 PMCID: PMC6491728 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently no approved treatment exists for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) patients, and disease progression results in severe restriction of joint function and premature mortality. LDN-193189 has been demonstrated to be efficacious in a mouse FOP disease model after oral administration. To support species selection for drug safety evaluation and to guide structure optimization for back-up compounds, in vitro metabolism of LDN-193189 was investigated in liver microsome and cytosol fractions of mouse, rat, dog, rabbit, monkey and human. Metabolism studies included analysis of reactive intermediate formation using glutathione and potassium cyanide (KCN) and analysis of non-P450 mediated metabolites in cytosol fractions of various species. Metabolite profiles and metabolic soft spots of LDN-193189 were elucidated using LC/UV and mass spectral techniques. The in vitro metabolism of LDN-193189 was significantly dependent on aldehyde oxidase, with formation of the major NIH-Q55 metabolite. The piperazinyl moiety of LDN-193189 was liable to NADPH-dependent metabolism which generated reactive iminium intermediates, as confirmed through KCN trapping experiments, and aniline metabolites (M337 and M380), which brought up potential drug safety concerns. Subsequently, strategies were employed to avoid metabolic liabilities leading to the synthesis of Compounds 1, 2, and 3. This study demonstrated the importance of metabolite identification for the discovery of novel and safe drug candidates for the treatment of FOP and helped medicinal chemists steer away from potential metabolic liabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias C Padilha
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States.,Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Jianyao Wang
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, United States.,Frontage Laboratories, Inc., Department of Drug Metabolism, Exton, PA, United States
| | - Ed Kerns
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Arthur Lee
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Wenwei Huang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Jian-Kang Jiang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - John McKew
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Abdul Mutlib
- Frontage Laboratories, Inc., Department of Drug Metabolism, Exton, PA, United States
| | - Rosangela G Peccinini
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Paul B Yu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Philip Sanderson
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Xin Xu
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
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Gomez-Puerto MC, Iyengar PV, García de Vinuesa A, Ten Dijke P, Sanchez-Duffhues G. Bone morphogenetic protein receptor signal transduction in human disease. J Pathol 2018; 247:9-20. [PMID: 30246251 PMCID: PMC6587955 DOI: 10.1002/path.5170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted cytokines that were initially discovered on the basis of their ability to induce bone. Several decades of research have now established that these proteins function in a large variety of physiopathological processes. There are about 15 BMP family members, which signal via three transmembrane type II receptors and four transmembrane type I receptors. Mechanistically, BMP binding leads to phosphorylation of the type I receptor by the type II receptor. This activated heteromeric complex triggers intracellular signaling that is initiated by phosphorylation of receptor‐regulated SMAD1, 5, and 8 (also termed R‐SMADs). Activated R‐SMADs form heteromeric complexes with SMAD4, which engage in specific transcriptional responses. There is convergence along the signaling pathway and, besides the canonical SMAD pathway, BMP‐receptor activation can also induce non‐SMAD signaling. Each step in the pathway is fine‐tuned by positive and negative regulation and crosstalk with other signaling pathways. For example, ligand bioavailability for the receptor can be regulated by ligand‐binding proteins that sequester the ligand from interacting with receptors. Accessory co‐receptors, also known as BMP type III receptors, lack intrinsic enzymatic activity but enhance BMP signaling by presenting ligands to receptors. In this review, we discuss the role of BMP receptor signaling and how corruption of this pathway contributes to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases and cancer. We describe pharmacological tools to interrogate the function of BMP receptor signaling in specific biological processes and focus on how these agents can be used as drugs to inhibit or activate the function of the receptor, thereby normalizing dysregulated BMP signaling. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Catalina Gomez-Puerto
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Prasanna Vasudevan Iyengar
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amaya García de Vinuesa
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gonzalo Sanchez-Duffhues
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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An mTOR Signaling Modulator Suppressed Heterotopic Ossification of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:1106-1119. [PMID: 30392977 PMCID: PMC6235670 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare and intractable disorder characterized by extraskeletal bone formation through endochondral ossification. FOP patients harbor gain-of-function mutations in ACVR1 (FOP-ACVR1), a type I receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins. Despite numerous studies, no drugs have been approved for FOP. Here, we developed a high-throughput screening (HTS) system focused on the constitutive activation of FOP-ACVR1 by utilizing a chondrogenic ATDC5 cell line that stably expresses FOP-ACVR1. After HTS of 5,000 small-molecule compounds, we identified two hit compounds that are effective at suppressing the enhanced chondrogenesis of FOP patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (FOP-iPSCs) and suppressed the heterotopic ossification (HO) of multiple model mice, including FOP-ACVR1 transgenic mice and HO model mice utilizing FOP-iPSCs. Furthermore, we revealed that one of the hit compounds is an mTOR signaling modulator that indirectly inhibits mTOR signaling. Our results demonstrate that these hit compounds could contribute to future drug repositioning and the mechanistic analysis of mTOR signaling. Established a screening system for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) Identified two hit compounds that are effective in multiple FOP model mice An mTOR signaling modulator opens the door to a therapeutic strategy
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13
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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wang J. MicroRNA-384 inhibits the progression of breast cancer by targeting ACVR1. Oncol Rep 2018; 39:2563-2574. [PMID: 29693185 PMCID: PMC5983929 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15% of all breast cancer cases and has a poorer prognosis than other subtypes. Moreover, the treatment for breast cancer, especially for TNBC, remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, novel therapies are urgently needed. Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are a class of biomarkers and therapeutic targets in many types of cancers. In the present study, the expression of miR-384 was explored in GSE58606 and in fresh breast cancer tissues by qPCR. The results showed that miR-384 was decreased in breast cancer, especially in TNBC. The results of MTT, colony formation, soft agar, Transwell migration, wound healing and the tumorigenesis assay demonstranted that overexpression of miR-384 inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo; knockdown of miR-384 enhanced the proliferation and migration of breast cancer. In addition, luciferase assay showed that Activin A receptor type 1 (ACVR1) was a direct target of miR-384 and is involved in the inhibitory effects of miR-384 on breast cancer progression. Furthermore, this study indicated that ACVR1 activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer. In conclusion, our findings revealed functional and mechanistic links between miR-384 and ACVR1 in the progression of breast cancer. miR-384 not only plays an important role in the progression of breast cancer, but has promise as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer especially for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Zheying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiang Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
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14
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Ravazzolo R, Cappato S, Bocciardi R. Hints on transcriptional control of essential players in heterotopic ossification of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Bone 2018; 109:187-191. [PMID: 29100956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Signaling of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathway is influenced by the level of expression of its components, in particular receptors, intracellular molecules and target genes which largely depends on gene transcription. One peculiar aspect of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) relates to the cell types in which the genetic mutation exerts its effects, then not only those involved in the heterotopic ossification processes but also others that participate in the inflammatory phases preceding and triggering heterotopic ossification. Such effects are in part detectable as variation in gene expression, which is also variably manifesting in term of time of appearance in different phases of the inflammatory or ossification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ravazzolo
- DINOGMI Department, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
| | | | - Renata Bocciardi
- DINOGMI Department, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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15
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Cappato S, Giacopelli F, Ravazzolo R, Bocciardi R. The Horizon of a Therapy for Rare Genetic Diseases: A "Druggable" Future for Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19040989. [PMID: 29587443 PMCID: PMC5979309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic condition characterized by progressive extra-skeletal ossification leading to cumulative and severe disability. FOP has an extremely variable and episodic course and can be induced by trauma, infections, iatrogenic harms, immunization or can occur in an unpredictable way, without any recognizable trigger. The causative gene is ACVR1, encoding the Alk-2 type I receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). The signaling is initiated by BMP binding to a receptor complex consisting of type I and II molecules and can proceed into the cell through two main pathways, a canonical, SMAD-dependent signaling and a p38-mediated cascade. Most FOP patients carry the recurrent R206H substitution in the receptor Glycine-Serine rich (GS) domain, whereas a few other mutations are responsible for a limited number of cases. Mutations cause a dysregulation of the downstream BMP-dependent pathway and make mutated ACVR1 responsive to a non-canonical ligand, Activin A. There is no etiologic treatment for FOP. However, many efforts are currently ongoing to find specific therapies targeting the receptor activity and the downstream aberrant pathway at different levels or targeting cellular components and/or processes that are important in modifying the local environment leading to bone neo-formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Cappato
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Giacopelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Roberto Ravazzolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Renata Bocciardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy.
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16
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Qi Z, Luan J, Zhou X, Cui Y, Han J. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: Basic understanding and experimental models. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2017; 6:242-248. [PMID: 29259851 PMCID: PMC5735276 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2017.01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive (FOP) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital malformations of the great toes and progressive heterotopic ossification that can induce a disabling second skeleton. Spontaneously occurring flare-ups can cause inflammatory soft tissue to swell, followed by progressive and disabling heterotopic endochondral ossification. FOP is very rare, with an estimated incidence of one case per two million individuals. There is no definitive treatment for FOP, but the longevity of patients with FOP can be extended by early diagnosis and appropriate prevention of flares-up. Some promising treatment strategies and targets have recently been reported. The current review describes the classical phenotype and genotype of FOP, useful methods of diagnosing the condition, therapeutic approaches and commonly used drugs, and experimental models used to study this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijuan Qi
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji'nan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare Disease Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotech Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jing Luan
- Key Laboratory for Rare Disease Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotech Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Rare Disease Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotech Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
| | - Yazhou Cui
- Key Laboratory for Rare Disease Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotech Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Key Laboratory for Rare Disease Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotech Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Jinxiang Han, Key Laboratory for Rare Disease Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotech Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong 250062, China. E-mail:
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17
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The traumatic bone: trauma-induced heterotopic ossification. Transl Res 2017; 186:95-111. [PMID: 28668522 PMCID: PMC6715128 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a common occurrence after multiple forms of extensive trauma. These include arthroplasties, traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries, extensive burns in the civilian setting, and combat-related extremity injuries in the battlefield. Irrespective of the form of trauma, heterotopic bone is typically endochondral in structure and is laid down via a cartilaginous matrix. Once formed, the heterotopic bone typically needs to be excised surgically, which may result in wound healing complications, in addition to a risk of recurrence. Refinements of existing diagnostic modalities, like micro- and nano-CT are being adapted toward early intervention. Trauma-induced HO is a consequence of aberrant wound healing, systemic and local immune system activation, infections, extensive vascularization, and innervation. This intricate molecular crosstalk culminates in activation of stem cells that initiate heterotopic endochondral ossification. Development of animal models recapitulating the unique traumatic injuries has greatly facilitated the mechanistic understanding of trauma-induced HO. These same models also serve as powerful tools to test the efficacy of small molecules which specifically target the molecular pathways underlying ectopic ossification. This review summarizes the recent advances in the molecular understanding, diagnostic and treatment modalities in the field of trauma-induced HO.
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18
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Hino K, Horigome K, Nishio M, Komura S, Nagata S, Zhao C, Jin Y, Kawakami K, Yamada Y, Ohta A, Toguchida J, Ikeya M. Activin-A enhances mTOR signaling to promote aberrant chondrogenesis in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:3339-3352. [PMID: 28758906 DOI: 10.1172/jci93521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare and intractable disease characterized by extraskeletal bone formation through endochondral ossification. Patients with FOP harbor point mutations in ACVR1, a type I receptor for BMPs. Although mutated ACVR1 (FOP-ACVR1) has been shown to render hyperactivity in BMP signaling, we and others have uncovered a mechanism by which FOP-ACVR1 mistransduces BMP signaling in response to Activin-A, a molecule that normally transduces TGF-β signaling. Although Activin-A evokes enhanced chondrogenesis in vitro and heterotopic ossification (HO) in vivo, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be revealed. To this end, we developed a high-throughput screening (HTS) system using FOP patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (FOP-iPSCs) to identify pivotal pathways in enhanced chondrogenesis that are initiated by Activin-A. In a screen of 6,809 small-molecule compounds, we identified mTOR signaling as a critical pathway for the aberrant chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from FOP-iPSCs (FOP-iMSCs). Two different HO mouse models, an FOP model mouse expressing FOP-ACVR1 and an FOP-iPSC-based HO model mouse, revealed critical roles for mTOR signaling in vivo. Moreover, we identified ENPP2, an enzyme that generates lysophosphatidic acid, as a linker of FOP-ACVR1 and mTOR signaling in chondrogenesis. These results uncovered the crucial role of the Activin-A/FOP-ACVR1/ENPP2/mTOR axis in FOP pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Hino
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,iPS Cell-Based Drug Discovery, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Horigome
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,iPS Cell-Based Drug Discovery, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Megumi Nishio
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, and
| | - Shingo Komura
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Sanae Nagata
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chengzhu Zhao
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yonghui Jin
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, and.,Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science (iACT), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamada
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)
| | - Akira Ohta
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, and
| | - Junya Toguchida
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Tissue Regeneration, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, and.,Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science (iACT), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Ikeya
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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19
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Bellomo F, Medina DL, De Leo E, Panarella A, Emma F. High-content drug screening for rare diseases. J Inherit Metab Dis 2017; 40:601-607. [PMID: 28593466 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Per definition, rare diseases affect only a small number of subjects within a given population. Taken together however, they represent a considerable medical burden, which remains poorly addressed in terms of treatment. Compared to other diseases, obstacles to the development of therapies for rare diseases include less extensive physiopathology knowledge, limited number of patients to test treatments, and poor commercial interest from the industry. Recently, advances in high-throughput and high-content screening (HTS and HCS) have been fostered by the development of specific routines that use robot- and computer-assisted technologies to automatize tasks, allowing screening of a large number of compounds in a short period of time, using experimental model of diseases. These approaches are particularly relevant for drug repositioning in rare disease, which restricts the search to compounds that have already been tested in humans, thereby reducing the need for extensive preclinical tests. In the future, these same tools, combined with computational modeling and artificial neural network analyses, may also be used to predict individual clinical responses to drugs in a personalized medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bellomo
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio, 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - D L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - E De Leo
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Panarella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - F Emma
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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20
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Sferopoulos NK, Kotakidou R, Petropoulos AS. Myositis ossificans in children: a review. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2017; 27:491-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s00590-017-1932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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