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Wang C, Zhou G, Guo X, Zhang W, Wu C. Electrical Stimulation Promotes Endocytosis of Magnetic Nanoparticles by Cancer Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403381. [PMID: 39126240 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are increasingly used in biomedical imaging and cancer therapy, and how to improve the endocytosis of nanomaterials by cells is a key issue. The application of alternating current (AC) electrical stimulation to osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) here can increase the cellular endocytosis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (diameter: 50 nm) by 52.46% via macropinocytosis. This can be ascribed to the decrease in F-actin content and the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Transmission electron microscope, immunofluorescence staining, western blot, flow cytometry, and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer analyses support this interpretation. The application of electrical stimulation decreases the cell viability in magnetic hyperthermia by 47.6% and increases the signal intensity of magnetic resonance imaging by 29%. Similar enhanced endocytosis is observed for breast cancer cells (MCF-7), glioblastoma cells (U-87 MG), melanoma cells (A-375), and bladder cancer cells (TCCSUP), and also for Fe3O4 nanoparticles with the diameters of 20 and 100 nm, and Zn0.54Co0.46Cr0.65Fe1.35O4 nanoparticles with the diameter of 70 nm. It seems the electrical stimulation has the potential to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of magnetic nanoparticles by promoting endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Guanlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chengwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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2
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Kraus A, Kratzer B, Sehgal ANA, Trapin D, Khan M, Boucheron N, Pickl WF. Macropinocytosis Is the Principal Uptake Mechanism of Antigen-Presenting Cells for Allergen-Specific Virus-like Nanoparticles. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:797. [PMID: 39066435 PMCID: PMC11281386 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Virus-like nanoparticles (VNP) are regarded as efficient vaccination platforms and have proven to be useful for the non-anaphylactogenic delivery of allergen-specific immunotherapy in preclinical models previously. Herein, we sought to determine the mode of VNP uptake by antigen presenting cells (APC). Accordingly, we screened a collection of substances known to inhibit different uptake pathways by APC. The human leukemia monocytic cell line THP-1 and the murine dendritic cell line DC 2.4 were examined for the uptake of fluorescently labelled VNP in the presence or absence of inhibitors. The inhibitory effect of candidate substances that blocked VNP uptake in APC lines was subsequently evaluated in studies with primary APC present in splenocyte and lung cell homogenates in vitro and upon intratracheal application of VNP in vivo. The uptake of allergen-specific VNP in vitro and in vivo was mainly observed by macrophages and CD103+ dendritic cells and was sensitive to inhibitors that block macropinocytosis, such as hyperosmolarity induced by sucrose or the polyphenol compound Rottlerin at low micromolar concentrations but not by other inhibitors. Also, T-cell proliferation induced by allergen-specific VNP was significantly reduced by both substances. In contrast, substances that stimulate macropinocytosis, such as Heparin and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), increased VNP-uptake and may, thus, help modulate allergen-specific T-cell responses. We have identified macropinocytosis as the principal uptake mechanism of APC for allergen-specific VNP in vitro and in vivo, paving the way for further improvement of VNP-based therapies, especially those that can be used for tolerance induction in allergy, in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Kraus
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Kratzer
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Al Nasar Ahmed Sehgal
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Trapin
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matarr Khan
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Boucheron
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried F. Pickl
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria
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3
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Phairuang W, Chetiyanukornkul T, Suriyawong P, Amin M, Hata M, Furuuchi M, Yamazaki M, Gotoh N, Furusho H, Yurtsever A, Watanabe S, Sun L. Characterizing Chemical, Environmental, and Stimulated Subcellular Physical Characteristics of Size-Fractionated PMs Down to PM 0.1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12368-12378. [PMID: 38963641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), is a significant environmental pollution worldwide. Studying the chemical, environmental, and life-related cellular physical characteristics of size-fractionated PMs is important because of their different degrees of harmful effects on human respiratory tracts and organ systems, causing severe diseases. This study evaluates the chemical components of size-fractionated PMs down to PM0.1 collected during a biomass-burning episode, including elemental/organic carbon and trace elements. Single particle sizes and distributions of PM0.1, PM0.5-0.1, PM1.0-0.5, and PM2.5-1.0 were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Zeta sizer. Two commonly used cell lines, e.g., HeLa and Cos7 cells, and two respiratory-related cell lines including lung cancer/normal cells were utilized for cell cytotoxicity experiments, revealing the key effects of particle sizes and concentrations. A high-speed scanning ion conductance microscope explored particle-stimulated subcellular physical characteristics for all cell lines in dynamics, including surface roughness (SR) and elastic modulus (E). The statistical results of SR showed distinct features among different particle sizes and cell types while a E reduction was universally found. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the chemical, environmental, and cellular physical characteristics of size-fractionated PMs and sheds light on the necessity of controlling small-sized PM exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worradorn Phairuang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Phuchiwan Suriyawong
- Research Unit for Energy Economics and Ecological Management, Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Amin
- Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, Maritim University of Raja Ali Haji, Tanjung Pinang, Kepulauan Riau 29115, Indonesia
| | - Mitsuhiko Hata
- Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masami Furuuchi
- Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamazaki
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakumamachi, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakumamachi, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Furusho
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ayhan Yurtsever
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Linhao Sun
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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4
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Morimoto K, Ishitobi J, Noguchi K, Kira R, Kitayama Y, Goto Y, Fujiwara D, Michigami M, Harada A, Takatani-Nakase T, Fujii I, Futaki S, Kanada M, Nakase I. Extracellular Microvesicles Modified with Arginine-Rich Peptides for Active Macropinocytosis Induction and Delivery of Therapeutic Molecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:17069-17079. [PMID: 38563247 PMCID: PMC11011658 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles (MVs), transfer bioactive molecules from donor to recipient cells in various pathophysiological settings, thereby mediating intercellular communication. Despite their significant roles in extracellular signaling, the cellular uptake mechanisms of different EV subpopulations remain unknown. In particular, plasma membrane-derived MVs are larger vesicles (100 nm to 1 μm in diameter) and may serve as efficient molecular delivery systems due to their large capacity; however, because of size limitations, receptor-mediated endocytosis is considered an inefficient means for cellular MV uptake. This study demonstrated that macropinocytosis (lamellipodia formation and plasma membrane ruffling, causing the engulfment of large fluid volumes outside cells) can enhance cellular MV uptake. We developed experimental techniques to induce macropinocytosis-mediated MV uptake by modifying MV membranes with arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides for the intracellular delivery of therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Morimoto
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jojiro Ishitobi
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Noguchi
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Kira
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiya Kitayama
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuto Goto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fujiwara
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masataka Michigami
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoka Takatani-Nakase
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute
for Bioscience, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ikuo Fujii
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Kanada
- Institute
for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State
University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
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5
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Peng Y, Yang Z, Sun H, Li J, Lan X, Liu S. Nanomaterials in Medicine: Understanding Cellular Uptake, Localization, and Retention for Enhanced Disease Diagnosis and Therapy. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0206-1. [PMID: 38421835 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) have emerged as promising tools for disease diagnosis and therapy due to their unique physicochemical properties. To maximize the effectiveness and design of NMs-based medical applications, it is essential to comprehend the complex mechanisms of cellular uptake, subcellular localization, and cellular retention. This review illuminates the various pathways that NMs take to get from the extracellular environment to certain intracellular compartments by investigating the various mechanisms that underlie their interaction with cells. The cellular uptake of NMs involves complex interactions with cell membranes, encompassing endocytosis, phagocytosis, and other active transport mechanisms. Unique uptake patterns across cell types highlight the necessity for customized NMs designs. After internalization, NMs move through a variety of intracellular routes that affect where they are located subcellularly. Understanding these pathways is pivotal for enhancing the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents and imaging probes. Furthermore, the cellular retention of NMs plays a critical role in sustained therapeutic efficacy and long-term imaging capabilities. Factors influencing cellular retention include nanoparticle size, surface chemistry, and the cellular microenvironment. Strategies for prolonging cellular retention are discussed, including surface modifications and encapsulation techniques. In conclusion, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms governing cellular uptake, subcellular localization, and cellular retention of NMs is essential for advancing their application in disease diagnosis and therapy. This review provides insights into the intricate interplay between NMs and biological systems, offering a foundation for the rational design of next-generation nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhengshuang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinling Li
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiuwan Lan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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6
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Zhang Y, Liu W, He F, Liu YJ, Jiang H, Hao C, Wang W. Myosin 9 and N-glycans jointly regulate human papillomavirus entry. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105660. [PMID: 38242322 PMCID: PMC10865405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Persistent high-risk HPV infection is closely associated with cervical cancer development, and there is no drug targeting HPV on the market at present, so it is particularly important to understand the interaction mechanism between HPV and the host which may provide the novel strategies for treating HPV diseases. HPV can hijack cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) as primary receptors. However, the secondary entry receptors for HPV remain elusive. We identify myosin-9 (NMHC-IIA) as a host factor that interacts with HPV L1 protein and mediates HPV internalization. Efficient HPV entry required myosin-9 redistribution to the cell surface regulated by HPV-hijacked MEK-MLCK signaling. Myosin-9 maldistribution by ML-7 or ML-9 significantly inhibited HPV pseudoviruses infection in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, N-glycans, especially the galactose chains, may act as the decoy receptors for HPV, which can block the interaction of HPV to myosin-9 and influence the way of HPV infection. Taken together, we identify myosin-9 as a novel functional entry receptor for high-risk HPV both in vitro and in vivo, and unravel the new roles of myosin-9 and N-glycans in HPV entry, which provides the possibilities for host targets of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fujie He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China.
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7
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Malfanti A, Bausart M, Vanvarenberg K, Ucakar B, Préat V. Hyaluronic acid-antigens conjugates trigger potent immune response in both prophylactic and therapeutic immunization in a melanoma model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:2550-2567. [PMID: 37040031 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy of advanced melanoma has encountered significant hurdles in terms of clinical efficacy. Here, we designed a clinically translatable hyaluronic acid (HA)-based vaccine delivering a combination of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I- and class II-restricted melanoma antigens (TRP2 and Gp100, respectively) conjugated to HA. HA-nanovaccine (HA-TRP2-Gp100 conjugate) exhibited tropism in the lymph nodes and promoted stimulation of the immune response (2.3-fold higher than the HA+TRP2+Gp100). HA-nanovaccine significantly delayed the growth of B16F10 melanoma and extended survival in both the prophylactic and therapeutic settings (median survival of 22 and 27, respectively, vs 17 days of the untreated group). Moreover, mice prophylactically treated with the HA-nanovaccine displayed significantly higher CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell/Treg ratios in both the spleen and tumor at day 16, suggesting that the HA-nanovaccine overcame the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Superior infiltration of active CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was observed at the endpoint. This study supports the conclusion that HA potentiates the effect of a combination of MHC I and MHC II antigens via a potent immune response against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Malfanti
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Mathilde Bausart
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin Vanvarenberg
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Préat
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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8
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Bichet MC, Adderley J, Avellaneda-Franco L, Magnin-Bougma I, Torriero-Smith N, Gearing LJ, Deffrasnes C, David C, Pepin G, Gantier MP, Lin RCY, Patwa R, Moseley GW, Doerig C, Barr JJ. Mammalian cells internalize bacteriophages and use them as a resource to enhance cellular growth and survival. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002341. [PMID: 37883333 PMCID: PMC10602308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing appreciation that the direct interaction between bacteriophages and the mammalian host can facilitate diverse and unexplored symbioses. Yet the impact these bacteriophages may have on mammalian cellular and immunological processes is poorly understood. Here, we applied highly purified phage T4, free from bacterial by-products and endotoxins to mammalian cells and analyzed the cellular responses using luciferase reporter and antibody microarray assays. Phage preparations were applied in vitro to either A549 lung epithelial cells, MDCK-I kidney cells, or primary mouse bone marrow derived macrophages with the phage-free supernatant serving as a comparative control. Highly purified T4 phages were rapidly internalized by mammalian cells and accumulated within macropinosomes but did not activate the inflammatory DNA response TLR9 or cGAS-STING pathways. Following 8 hours of incubation with T4 phage, whole cell lysates were analyzed via antibody microarray that detected expression and phosphorylation levels of human signaling proteins. T4 phage application led to the activation of AKT-dependent pathways, resulting in an increase in cell metabolism, survival, and actin reorganization, the last being critical for macropinocytosis and potentially regulating a positive feedback loop to drive further phage internalization. T4 phages additionally down-regulated CDK1 and its downstream effectors, leading to an inhibition of cell cycle progression and an increase in cellular growth through a prolonged G1 phase. These interactions demonstrate that highly purified T4 phages do not activate DNA-mediated inflammatory pathways but do trigger protein phosphorylation cascades that promote cellular growth and survival. We conclude that mammalian cells are internalizing bacteriophages as a resource to promote cellular growth and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion C. Bichet
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- ACTALIA, Food Safety Department, Saint-Lô, France
- University of Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jack Adderley
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Linden J. Gearing
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Celine Deffrasnes
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Cassandra David
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Genevieve Pepin
- Medical Biology Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael P. Gantier
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ruby CY Lin
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology; The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - Ruzeen Patwa
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Gregory W. Moseley
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Christian Doerig
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Jeremy J. Barr
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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9
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Gandek TB, van der Koog L, Nagelkerke A. A Comparison of Cellular Uptake Mechanisms, Delivery Efficacy, and Intracellular Fate between Liposomes and Extracellular Vesicles. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300319. [PMID: 37384827 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
A key aspect for successful drug delivery via lipid-based nanoparticles is their internalization in target cells. Two prominent examples of such drug delivery systems are artificial phospholipid-based carriers, such as liposomes, and their biological counterparts, the extracellular vesicles (EVs). Despite a wealth of literature, it remains unclear which mechanisms precisely orchestrate nanoparticle-mediated cargo delivery to recipient cells and the subsequent intracellular fate of therapeutic cargo. In this review, internalization mechanisms involved in the uptake of liposomes and EVs by recipient cells are evaluated, also exploring their intracellular fate after intracellular trafficking. Opportunities are highlighted to tweak these internalization mechanisms and intracellular fates to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these drug delivery systems. Overall, literature to date shows that both liposomes and EVs are predominantly internalized through classical endocytosis mechanisms, sharing a common fate: accumulation inside lysosomes. Studies tackling the differences between liposomes and EVs, with respect to cellular uptake, intracellular delivery and therapy efficacy, remain scarce, despite its importance for the selection of an appropriate drug delivery system. In addition, further exploration of functionalization strategies of both liposomes and EVs represents an important avenue to pursue in order to control internalization and fate, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea B Gandek
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB20, Groningen, 9700 AD, The Netherlands
| | - Luke van der Koog
- Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB10, Groningen, 9700 AD, The Netherlands
| | - Anika Nagelkerke
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB20, Groningen, 9700 AD, The Netherlands
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10
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Ye T, Shan P, Zhang H. Progress in the discovery and development of small molecule methuosis inducers. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1400-1409. [PMID: 37593581 PMCID: PMC10429883 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Current cancer chemotherapies rely mainly on the induction of apoptosis of tumor cells, while drug resistance arising from conventional chemicals has always been a big challenge. In recent years, more and more new types of cell deaths including methuosis have been extensively investigated and recognized as potential alternative targets for future cancer treatment. Methuosis is usually caused by excessive accumulation of macropinosomes owing to ectopic activation of macropinocytosis, which can be triggered by external stimuli such as chemical agents. Increasing reports demonstrate that many small molecule compounds could specifically induce methuosis in tumor cells while showing little or no effect on normal cells. This finding raises the possibility of targeting tumor cell methuosis as an effective strategy for the prevention of cancer. Based on fast-growing studies lately, we herein provide a comprehensive overview on the overall research progress of small molecule methuosis inducers. Promisingly, previous efforts and experiences will facilitate the development of next-generation anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ye
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Peipei Shan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong 266031 P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
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11
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Yang MY, Chiu CD, Ke YC, Yang YC, Chang KB, Chen CM, Lee HT, Tang CL, Liu BS, Hung HS. Differentiation Induction of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by a Au Delivery Platform. Cells 2023; 12:1893. [PMID: 37508556 PMCID: PMC10378595 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Au decorated with type I collagen (Col) was used as a core material to cross-link with stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF1α) in order to investigate biological performance. The Au-based nanoparticles were subjected to physicochemical determination using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were used to evaluate the biocompatibility of this nanoparticle using the MTT assay and measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Also, the biological effects of the SDF-1α-conjugated nanoparticles (Au-Col-SDF1α) were assessed and the mechanisms were explored. Furthermore, we investigated the cell differentiation-inducing potential of these conjugated nanoparticles on MSCs toward endothelial cells, neurons, osteoblasts and adipocytes. We then ultimately explored the process of cell entry and transportation of the nanoparticles. Using a mouse animal model and retro-orbital sinus injection, we traced in vivo biodistribution to determine the biosafety of the Au-Col-SDF1α nanoparticles. In summary, our results indicate that Au-Col is a promising drug delivery system; it can be used to carry SDF1α to improve MSC therapeutic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- College of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Chiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
- Spine Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Ke
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Bo Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Min Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
- Department of Leisure Industry Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411030, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Tung Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lun Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Shuan Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
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12
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Xie L, Ding Y, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zeng S, Wang L, Yang Z, Liu Q, Hu ZW. A Cascade-Targeted Enzyme-Instructed Peptide Self-Assembly Strategy for Cancer Immunotherapy through Boosting Immunogenic Cell Death. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201416. [PMID: 36965100 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) approaches by encumbering mitochondrial functions provide great promise for the treatment of malignant tumors, but these kinds of ICD strategies are still in their infancy. Here, one multifunctional drug-loaded, cascade-targeted, and enzyme-instructed self-assembling peptide nanomedicine (Comp. 4) for ICD-based cancer therapy is constructed. Comp. 4 consists of 1) lonidamine (LND) that specifically interferes with mitochondrial functions; 2) a programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) binding peptide sequence (NTYYEDQG) and a mitochondria-specific motif (triphenylphosphonium, TPP) that can sequentially control the cell membrane and mitochondria targeting capacities, respectively; and 3) a -GD FD FpD Y- assembly core to in situ organize peptide assemblies responsive to alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Comp. 4 demonstrates noticeable structural and morphological transformations in the presence of ALP and produces peptide assemblies in mouse colon cancer cells (CT26) with high expressions of both ALP and PD-L1. Moreover, the presence of PD-L1- and mitochondria-specific motifs can assist Comp. 4 for effective endocytosis and endosomal escape, forming peptide assemblies and delivering LND into mitochondria. Consequently, Comp. 4 shows superior capacities to in vivo induce abundant mitochondrial oxidative stress, provoke robust ICD responses, and produce an immunogenic tumor microenvironment, successfully inhibiting CT26 tumor growth by eliciting a systemic ICD-based antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhenghao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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13
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Zhou Z, Li K, Guo Y, Liu P, Chen Q, Fan H, Sun T, Jiang C. ROS/Electro Dual-Reactive Nanogel for Targeting Epileptic Foci to Remodel Aberrant Circuits and Inflammatory Microenvironment. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7847-7864. [PMID: 37039779 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal treatment against epilepsy is faced with intractable problems, especially epileptogenesis that cannot be blocked by clinical antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during the latency of epilepsy. Abnormal circuits of neurons interact with the inflammatory microenvironment of glial cells in epileptic foci, resulting in recurrent seizures and refractory epilepsy. Herein, we have selected phenytoin (PHT) as a model drug to derive a ROS-responsive and consuming prodrug, which is combined with an electro-responsive group (sulfonate sodium, SS) and an epileptic focus-recognizing group (α-methyl-l-tryptophan, AMT) to form hydrogel nanoparticles (i.e., a nanogel). The nanogel will target epileptic foci, release PHT in response to a high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the microenvironment, and inhibit overexcited circuits. Meanwhile, with the clearance of ROS, the nanogel can also reduce oxidative stress and alleviate microenvironment inflammation. Thus, a synergistic regulation of epileptic lesions will be achieved. Our nanogel is expected to provide a more comprehensive strategy for antiepileptic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Keying Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Peixin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinjun Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongrui Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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14
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Reprogramming systemic and local immune function to empower immunotherapy against glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:435. [PMID: 36702831 PMCID: PMC9880004 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited benefits of immunotherapy against glioblastoma (GBM) is closely related to the paucity of T cells in brain tumor bed. Both systemic and local immunosuppression contribute to the deficiency of tumor-infiltrating T cells. However, the current studies focus heavily on the local immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment but not on the co-existence of systemic immunosuppression. Here, we develop a nanostructure named Nano-reshaper to co-encapsulate lymphopenia alleviating agent cannabidiol and lymphocyte recruiting cytokine LIGHT. The results show that Nano-reshaper increases the number of systemic T cells and improves local T-cell recruitment condition, thus greatly increasing T-cell infiltration. When combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor, this therapeutic modality achieves 83.3% long-term survivors without recurrence in GBM models in male mice. Collectively, this work unveils that simultaneous reprogramming of systemic and local immune function is critical for T-cell based immunotherapy and provides a clinically translatable option for combating brain tumors.
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15
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Kim L, Lohan S, Moreno J, Zoghebi K, Tiwari RK, Parang K. Cyclic and Linear Peptides Containing Alternate WW and RR Residues as Molecular Cargo Delivery Tools. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:341-356. [PMID: 36445335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell-impermeable and negatively charged compounds' cellular uptake across the cell membranes remains challenging. Herein, the synthesis of four linear [(WWRR)2, (WWRR)3, (WWRR)4, and (WWRR)5] and four cyclic ([WWRR]2, [WWRR]3, [WWRR]4, and [WWRR]5) peptides containing alternate two tryptophan (WW) and two arginine (RR) residues and their biological evaluation as molecular transporters are reported. The peptides did not show any significant cytotoxicity in different cell lines (MDA-MB-23, SK-OV-3, and HEK 293) at a concentration of 5 μM and after 3 h of incubation time. The uptake of fluorescence-labeled cargo molecules (F'-GpYEEI, F'-siRNA, and F'-3TC) in the presence of the peptides was monitored in different cell lines (SK-OV-3 and MDA-MB-231) with fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Among all the peptides, [WWRR]5 (C4) showed the highest cellular uptake of cargo molecules, indicating it can act as effective molecular transporter. Confocal microscopy in MDA-MB-231 cells showed the cellular uptake of F'-GpYEEI in the presence of C4 and the intracellular localization of fluorescence-labeled C4 (F'-C4) in the cytosol. The F'-C4 cellular uptake was found to be concentration- and time-dependent, as shown by flow cytometry in MDA-MB-231 cells. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry of F'-C4 in MDA-MB-231 cells were examined alone and in the presence of different endocytosis inhibitors (chlorpromazine, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, chloroquine, and nystatin). The data showed that the cellular uptake of F'-C4 in the presence of chlorpromazine, chloroquine, and methyl-β-cyclodextrin was reduced but not completely eliminated, indicating that both energy-independent and energy-dependent pathways contributed to the cellular uptake of F'-C4. Similar results were obtained using the confocal microscopy of C4 and F'-GpYEEI in the presence of endocytosis inhibitors (chlorpromazine, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, chloroquine, and nystatin). These data indicate that C4 has the potential to be used as a cell-penetrating peptide and cargo transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois Kim
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Sandeep Lohan
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Jonathan Moreno
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Khalid Zoghebi
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 82826, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
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16
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Kawahata I, Fukunaga K. Endocytosis of dopamine receptor: Signaling in brain. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 196:99-111. [PMID: 36813367 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
This chapter describes the physiological significance of dopamine receptor endocytosis and the consequence of the receptor signaling. Endocytosis of dopamine receptors is regulated by many components such as clathrin, β-arrestin, caveolin, and Rab family proteins. The dopamine receptors escape from lysosomal digestion, and their recycling occurs rapidly, reinforcing the dopaminergic signal transduction. In addition, the pathological impact of the receptors interacting with specific proteins has been the focus of much attention. Based on this background, this chapter provides an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of molecules interacting with dopamine receptors and discusses the potential pharmacotherapeutic targets for α-synucleinopathies and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kawahata
- Department of CNS drug innovation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of CNS drug innovation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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17
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Jiang Y, Fan M, Yang Z, Liu X, Xu Z, Liu S, Feng G, Tang S, Li Z, Zhang Y, Chen S, Yang C, Law WC, Dong B, Xu G, Yong KT. Recent advances in nanotechnology approaches for non-viral gene therapy. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6862-6892. [PMID: 36222758 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has shown great potential in the treatment of many diseases by downregulating the expression of certain genes. The development of gene vectors as a vehicle for gene therapy has greatly facilitated the widespread clinical application of nucleic acid materials (DNA, mRNA, siRNA, and miRNA). Currently, both viral and non-viral vectors are used as delivery systems of nucleic acid materials for gene therapy. However, viral vector-based gene therapy has several limitations, including immunogenicity and carcinogenesis caused by the exogenous viral vectors. To address these issues, non-viral nanocarrier-based gene therapy has been explored for superior performance with enhanced gene stability, high treatment efficiency, improved tumor-targeting, and better biocompatibility. In this review, we discuss various non-viral vector-mediated gene therapy approaches using multifunctional biodegradable or non-biodegradable nanocarriers, including polymer-based nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), quantum dots (QDs), silica nanoparticles, metal-based nanoparticles and two-dimensional nanocarriers. Various strategies to construct non-viral nanocarriers based on their delivery efficiency of targeted genes will be introduced. Subsequently, we discuss the cellular uptake pathways of non-viral nanocarriers. In addition, multifunctional gene therapy based on non-viral nanocarriers is summarized, in which the gene therapy can be combined with other treatments, such as photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), immunotherapy and chemotherapy. We also provide a comprehensive discussion of the biological toxicity and safety of non-viral vector-based gene therapy. Finally, the present limitations and challenges of non-viral nanocarriers for gene therapy in future clinical research are discussed, to promote wider clinical applications of non-viral vector-based gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Miaozhuang Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Zhenxu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Zhourui Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Shikang Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Gang Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Shuo Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Yibin Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Shilin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Chengbin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biqin Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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18
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Youden B, Jiang R, Carrier AJ, Servos MR, Zhang X. A Nanomedicine Structure-Activity Framework for Research, Development, and Regulation of Future Cancer Therapies. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17497-17551. [PMID: 36322785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite their clinical success in drug delivery applications, the potential of theranostic nanomedicines is hampered by mechanistic uncertainty and a lack of science-informed regulatory guidance. Both the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of nanoformulations are tightly controlled by the complex interplay of the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties and the individual patient/tumor biology; however, it can be difficult to correlate such information with observed outcomes. Additionally, as nanomedicine research attempts to gradually move away from large-scale animal testing, the need for computer-assisted solutions for evaluation will increase. Such models will depend on a clear understanding of structure-activity relationships. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the field of cancer nanomedicine and provides a knowledge framework and foundational interaction maps that can facilitate future research, assessments, and regulation. By forming three complementary maps profiling nanobio interactions and pathways at different levels of biological complexity, a clear picture of a nanoparticle's journey through the body and the therapeutic and adverse consequences of each potential interaction are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Youden
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Runqing Jiang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics, Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener, Ontario N2G 1G3, Canada
| | - Andrew J Carrier
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
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19
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Powers RM, Daza R, Koehler AE, Courchet J, Calabrese B, Hevner RF, Halpain S. Growth cone macropinocytosis of neurotrophin receptor and neuritogenesis are regulated by neuron navigator 1. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar64. [PMID: 35352947 PMCID: PMC9561856 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-12-0623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuron navigator 1 (Nav1) is a cytoskeleton-associated protein expressed during brain development that is necessary for proper neuritogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show that Nav1 is present in elongating axon tracts during mouse brain embryogenesis. We found that depletion of Nav1 in cultured neurons disrupts growth cone morphology and neurotrophin-stimulated neuritogenesis. In addition to regulating both F-actin and microtubule properties, Nav1 promotes actin-rich membrane ruffles in the growth cone and promotes macropinocytosis at those membrane ruffles, including internalization of the TrkB receptor for the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). Growth cone macropinocytosis is important for downstream signaling, neurite targeting, and membrane recycling, implicating Nav1 in one or more of these processes. Depletion of Nav1 also induces transient membrane blebbing via disruption of signaling in the Rho GTPase signaling pathway, supporting the novel role of Nav1 in dynamic actin-based membrane regulation at the cell periphery. These data demonstrate that Nav1 works at the interface of microtubules, actin, and plasma membrane to organize the cell periphery and promote uptake of growth and guidance cues to facilitate neural morphogenesis during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina M. Powers
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Ray Daza
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161
| | - Alanna E. Koehler
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161
| | - Julien Courchet
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR5310, INSERM U1217, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 69008 Lyon Cedex, France
| | - Barbara Calabrese
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Robert F. Hevner
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161
| | - Shelley Halpain
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037,*Address correspondence to: Shelley Halpain ()
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20
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Cellular Effects of Cyclodextrins: Studies on HeLa Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051589. [PMID: 35268690 PMCID: PMC8911813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are high molecular weight, hydrophilic, cyclic, non-reducing oligosaccharides, applied as excipients for the improvement of the solubility and permeability of insoluble active pharmaceutical ingredients. On the other hand, beta-cyclodextrins are used as cholesterol sequestering agents in life sciences. Recently, we demonstrated the cellular internalization and intracellular effects of cyclodextrins on Caco-2 cells. In this study, we aimed to further investigate the endocytosis of (2-hydroxylpropyl)-beta-(HPBCD) and random methylated-beta-cyclodextrin (RAMEB) to test their cytotoxicity, NF-kappa B pathway induction, autophagy, and lysosome formation on HeLa cells. These derivatives were able to enter the cells; however, major differences were revealed in the inhibition of their endocytosis compared to Caco-2 cells. NF-kappa B p65 translocation was not detected in the cell nuclei after HPBCD or RAMEB pre-treatment and cyclodextrin treatment did not enhance the formation of autophagosomes. These cyclodextrin derivates were partially localized in lysosomes after internalization.
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21
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Herrera R, Rosbe K, Tugizov SM. Inactivation of HIV-1 in Polarized Infant Tonsil Epithelial Cells by Human Beta-Defensins 2 and 3 Tagged with the Protein Transduction Domain of HIV-1 Tat. Viruses 2021; 13:v13102043. [PMID: 34696473 PMCID: PMC8538026 DOI: 10.3390/v13102043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 may occur during pregnancy, labor, and breastfeeding; however, the molecular mechanism of MTCT of virus remains poorly understood. Infant tonsil mucosal epithelium may sequester HIV-1, serving as a transient reservoir, and may play a critical role in MTCT. Innate immune proteins human beta-defensins 2 (hBD-2) and -3 may inactivate intravesicular virions. To establish delivery of hBD-2 and -3 into vesicles containing HIV-1, we tagged hBDs with the protein transduction domain (PTD) of HIV-1 Tat, which facilitates an efficient translocation of proteins across cell membranes. Our new findings showed that hBD-2 and -3 proteins tagged with PTD efficiently penetrated polarized tonsil epithelial cells by endocytosis and direct penetration. PTD-initiated internalization of hBD-2 and -3 proteins into epithelial cells led to their subsequent penetration of multivesicular bodies (MVB) and vacuoles containing HIV-1. Furthermore, PTD played a role in the fusion of vesicles containing HIV-1 with lysosomes, where virus was inactivated. PTD-initiated internalization of hBD-2 and -3 proteins into ex vivo tonsil tissue explants reduced the spread of virus from epithelial cells to CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD68+ macrophages, and CD1c+ dendritic cells, suggesting that this approach may serve as an antiviral strategy for inactivating intraepithelial HIV-1 and reducing viral MTCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Herrera
- Department of Medicine, University of California–San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Kristina Rosbe
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA;
| | - Sharof M. Tugizov
- Department of Medicine, University of California–San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(415)-514-3177; Fax: +1-(415)-476-9364
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Monnery BD. Polycation-Mediated Transfection: Mechanisms of Internalization and Intracellular Trafficking. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4060-4083. [PMID: 34498457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyplex-mediated gene transfection is now in its' fourth decade of serious research, but the promise of polyplex-mediated gene therapy has yet to fully materialize. Only approximately one in a million applied plasmids actually expresses. A large part of this is due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of polyplex transfection. There is an assumption that internalization must follow a canonical mechanism of receptor mediated endocytosis. Herein, we present arguments that untargeted (and most targeted) polyplexes do not utilize these routes. By incorporating knowledge of syndecan-polyplex interactions, we can show that syndecans are the "target" for polyplexes. Further, it is known that free polycations (which disrupt cell-membranes by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of phospholipid esters) are necessary for (untargeted) endocytosis. This can be incorporated into the model to produce a novel mechanism of endocytosis, which fits the observed phenomenology. After membrane translocation, polyplex containing vesicles reach the endosome after diffusing through the actin mesh below the cell membrane. From there, they are acidified and trafficked toward the lysosome. Some polyplexes are capable of escaping the endosome and unpacking, while others are not. Herein, it is argued that for some polycations, as acidification proceeds the polyplexes excluding free polycations, which disrupt the endosomal membrane by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, allowing the polyplex to escape. The polyplex's internal charge ratio is now insufficient for stability and it releases plasmids which diffuse to the nucleus. A small proportion of these plasmids diffuse through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), with aggregation being the major cause of loss. Those plasmids that have diffused through the NPC will also aggregate, and this appears to be the reason such a small proportion of nuclear plasmids express mRNA. Thus, the structural features which promote unpacking in the endosome and allow for endosomal escape can be determined, and better polycations can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn D Monnery
- Department of Organic and (Bio)Polymer Chemistry, Hasselt University, Building F, Agoralaan 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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23
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Chatterjee R, Bhattacharya I, Roy S, Purkait K, Koley TS, Gupta A, Mukherjee A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of Morpholine-Containing Ruthenium(II) p-Cymene Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12172-12185. [PMID: 34346215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Morpholine motif is an important pharmacophore and, depending on the molecular design, may localize in cellular acidic vesicles. To understand the importance of the presence of pendant morpholine in a metal complex, six bidentate N,O-donor ligands with or without a pendant morpholine unit and their corresponding ruthenium(II) p-cymene complexes (1-6) are synthesized, purified, and structurally characterized by various analytical methods including X-ray diffraction. Complexes 2-4 crystallized in the P21/c space group, whereas 5 and 6 crystallized in the P1̅ space group. The solution stability studies using 1H NMR support instantaneous hydrolysis of the native complexes to form monoaquated species in a solution of 3:7 (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 and 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH* 7.4, containing 4 mM NaCl). The monoaquated complexes are stable for at least up to 24 h. The complexes display excellent in vitro antiproliferative activity (IC50 ca. 1-14 μM) in various cancer cell lines, viz., MDA-MB-231, MiaPaCa2, and Hep-G2. The presence of the pendant morpholine does not improve the dose efficacy, but rather, with 2-[[(2,6-dimethylphenyl)imino]methyl]phenol (HL1) and its pendant morpholine analogue (HL3) giving complexes 1 and 3, respectively, the antiproliferative activity was poorer with 3. MDA-MB-231 cells treated with the complexes show that the acidic vesicles remain acidic, but the population of acidic vesicles increases or decreases with time of exposure, as observed from the dispersed red puncta, depending on the complex used. The presence of the 2,6-disubstituted aniline and the naphthyl group seems to improve the antiproliferative dose. The complex treated MDA-MB-231 cells show that cathepsin D, which is otherwise present in the cytosolic lysosomes, translocates to the nucleus as a result of exposure to the complexes. Irrespective of the presence of a morpholine motif, the complexes do not activate caspase-3 to induce apoptosis and seem to favor the necrotic pathway of cell killing.
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24
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Ritter M, Bresgen N, Kerschbaum HH. From Pinocytosis to Methuosis-Fluid Consumption as a Risk Factor for Cell Death. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:651982. [PMID: 34249909 PMCID: PMC8261248 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.651982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The volumes of a cell [cell volume (CV)] and its organelles are adjusted by osmoregulatory processes. During pinocytosis, extracellular fluid volume equivalent to its CV is incorporated within an hour and membrane area equivalent to the cell's surface within 30 min. Since neither fluid uptake nor membrane consumption leads to swelling or shrinkage, cells must be equipped with potent volume regulatory mechanisms. Normally, cells respond to outwardly or inwardly directed osmotic gradients by a volume decrease and increase, respectively, i.e., they shrink or swell but then try to recover their CV. However, when a cell death (CD) pathway is triggered, CV persistently decreases in isotonic conditions in apoptosis and it increases in necrosis. One type of CD associated with cell swelling is due to a dysfunctional pinocytosis. Methuosis, a non-apoptotic CD phenotype, occurs when cells accumulate too much fluid by macropinocytosis. In contrast to functional pinocytosis, in methuosis, macropinosomes neither recycle nor fuse with lysosomes but with each other to form giant vacuoles, which finally cause rupture of the plasma membrane (PM). Understanding methuosis longs for the understanding of the ionic mechanisms of cell volume regulation (CVR) and vesicular volume regulation (VVR). In nascent macropinosomes, ion channels and transporters are derived from the PM. Along trafficking from the PM to the perinuclear area, the equipment of channels and transporters of the vesicle membrane changes by retrieval, addition, and recycling from and back to the PM, causing profound changes in vesicular ion concentrations, acidification, and-most importantly-shrinkage of the macropinosome, which is indispensable for its proper targeting and cargo processing. In this review, we discuss ion and water transport mechanisms with respect to CVR and VVR and with special emphasis on pinocytosis and methuosis. We describe various aspects of the complex mutual interplay between extracellular and intracellular ions and ion gradients, the PM and vesicular membrane, phosphoinositides, monomeric G proteins and their targets, as well as the submembranous cytoskeleton. Our aim is to highlight important cellular mechanisms, components, and processes that may lead to methuotic CD upon their derangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Ritter
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis und Rehabilitation, Salzburg, Austria
- Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Nikolaus Bresgen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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25
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Pang JJ, Gao F, Wu SM. Generators of Pressure-Evoked Currents in Vertebrate Outer Retinal Neurons. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061288. [PMID: 34067375 PMCID: PMC8224636 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: High-tension glaucoma damages the peripheral vision dominated by rods. How mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) in the outer retina mediate pressure responses is unclear. (2) Methods: Immunocytochemistry, patch clamp, and channel fluorescence were used to study MSCs in salamander photoreceptors. (3) Results: Immunoreactivity of transient receptor potential channel vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) was revealed in the outer plexiform layer, K+ channel TRAAK in the photoreceptor outer segment (OS), and TRPV2 in some rod OS disks. Pressure on the rod inner segment evoked sustained currents of three components: (A) the inward current at <-50 mV (Ipi), sensitive to Co2+; (B) leak outward current at ≥-80 mV (Ipo), sensitive to intracellular Cs+ and ruthenium red; and (C) cation current reversed at ~10 mV (Ipc). Hypotonicity induced slow currents like Ipc. Environmental pressure and light increased the FM 1-43-identified open MSCs in the OS membrane, while pressure on the OS with internal Cs+ closed a Ca2+-dependent current reversed at ~0 mV. Rod photocurrents were thermosensitive and affected by MSC blockers. (4) Conclusions: Rods possess depolarizing (TRPV) and hyperpolarizing (K+) MSCs, which mediate mutually compensating currents between -50 mV and 10 mV, serve as an electrical cushion to minimize the impact of ocular mechanical stress.
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26
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Jambari NN, Liddell S, Martinez-Pomares L, Alcocer MJC. Effect of O-linked glycosylation on the antigenicity, cellular uptake and trafficking in dendritic cells of recombinant Ber e 1. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249876. [PMID: 33914740 PMCID: PMC8084162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ber e 1, a major Brazil nut allergen, has been successfully produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris expression system as homogenous recombinant Ber e 1 (rBer e 1) with similar physicochemical properties and identical immunoreactivity to its native counterpart, nBer e 1. However, O-linked glycans was detected on the P.pastoris-derived rBer e 1, which is not naturally present in nBer e 1, and may contribute to the allergic sensitisation. In this study, we addressed the glycosylation differences between P. pastoris-derived recombinant Ber e 1 and its native counterparts. We also determined whether this fungal glycosylation could affect the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the rBer e 1 by using dendritic cells (DC) as an immune cell model due to their role in modulating the immune response. We identified that the glycosylation occurs at Ser96, Ser101 and Ser110 on the large chain and Ser19 on the small polypeptide chain of rBer e 1 only. The glycosylation on rBer e 1 was shown to elicit varying degree of antigenicity by binding to different combination of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) at different frequencies compared to nBer e 1 when tested using human DC-T cell assay. However, both forms of Ber e 1 are weak immunogens based from their low response indexes (RI). Glycans present on rBer e 1 were shown to increase the efficiency of the protein recognition and internalization by murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (bmDC) via C-type lectin receptors, particularly the mannose receptor (MR), compared to the non-glycosylated nBer e 1 and SFA8, a weak allergenic 2S albumin protein from sunflower seed. Binding of glycosylated rBer e 1 to MR alone was found to not induce the production of IL-10 that modulates bmDC to polarise Th2 cell response by suppressing IL-12 production and DC maturation. Our findings suggest that the O-linked glycosylation by P. pastoris has a small but measurable effect on the in vitro antigenicity of the rBer e 1 compared to its non-glycosylated counterpart, nBer e 1, and thus may influence its applications in diagnostics and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzul N. Jambari
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Susan Liddell
- Division of Animal Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Luisa Martinez-Pomares
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marcos J. C. Alcocer
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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27
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Belov V, Appleton J, Levin S, Giffenig P, Durcanova B, Papisov M. Large-Volume Intrathecal Administrations: Impact on CSF Pressure and Safety Implications. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:604197. [PMID: 33935624 PMCID: PMC8079755 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.604197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of studies demonstrates the high potency of the intrathecal (IT) route for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals to the central nervous system (CNS). Our earlier data exhibited that both the infused volume and the infusion rate can regulate the initial disposition of the administered solute within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This disposition is one of key factors in defining the subsequent transport of the solute to its intended target. On the other hand, fast additions of large volumes of liquid to the CSF inevitably raise the CSF pressure [a.k.a. intracranial pressure (ICP)], which may in turn lead to adverse reactions if the physiologically delimited threshold is exceeded. While long-term biological effects of elevated ICP (hydrocephalus) are known, the safety thresholds pertaining to short-term ICP elevations caused by IT administrations have not yet been characterized. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of ICP in rats and non-human primates (NHPs) with respect to IT infusion rates and volumes. The safety regimes were estimated and analyzed across species to facilitate the development of translational large-volume IT therapies. The data revealed that the addition of a liquid to the CSF raised the ICP in a rate and volume-dependent manner. At low infusion rates (<0.12 ml/min in rats and <2 ml/min in NHPs), NHPs and rats displayed similar tolerance patterns. Specifically, safe accommodations of such added volumes were mainly facilitated by the accelerated pressure-dependent CSF drainage into the blood, with I stabilizing at different levels below the safety threshold of 28 ± 4 mm Hg in rats and 50 ± 5 mm Hg in NHPs. These ICPs were safely tolerated for extended durations (of at least 2–25 min). High infusion rates (including boluses) caused uncompensated exponential ICP elevations rapidly exceeding the safety thresholds. Their tolerance was species-dependent and was facilitated by the compensatory role of the varied components of craniospinal compliance while not excluding the possibility of other contributing factors. In conclusion, large volumes of liquids can safely be delivered via IT routes provided that ICP is monitored as a safety factor and cross-species physiological differences are accounted for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Belov
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Stepan Levin
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pilar Giffenig
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Mikhail Papisov
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-Boston, Boston, MA, United States
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28
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Mazumdar S, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Exploration and insights into the cellular internalization and intracellular fate of amphiphilic polymeric nanocarriers. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:903-924. [PMID: 33996406 PMCID: PMC8105776 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial or deleterious effects of nanomedicines emerge from their complex interactions with intracellular pathways and their subcellular fate. Moreover, the dynamic nature of plasma membrane accounts for the movement of these nanocarriers within the cell towards different organelles thereby not only influencing their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties but also bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of underlying parameters controlling nanocarrier endocytosis and intracellular fate is essential. In order to direct nanoparticles towards specific sub-cellular organelles the physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers can be manipulated. These include particle size, shape and surface charge/chemistry. Restricting the particle size of nanocarriers below 200 nm contributes to internalization via clathrin and caveolae mediated pathways. Similarly, a moderate negative surface potential confers endolysosomal escape and targeting towards mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. This review aims to provide an insight into these physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers fabricated using amphiphilic graft copolymers affecting cellular internalization. Fundamental principles understood from experimental studies have been extrapolated to draw a general conclusion for the designing of optimized nanoparticulate drug delivery systems and enhanced intracellular uptake via specific endocytic pathway.
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Key Words
- AR, aspect ratio
- Amphiphilic
- CCP, clathrin coated pits
- Cav-1, caveolin-1
- Copolymer
- Cy, cyanine
- DOX, doxorubicin
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- HER-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- IL-2, interleukin
- Internalization
- Intracellular fate
- Nanoparticles
- RBITC, rhodamine B isothiocyanate
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- Rmax, minimum size threshold value
- Rmin, maximum size threshold value
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SR & LR, short rod and long rod
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- mPEG, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Mazumdar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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29
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Quantitative iTRAQ LC-MS/MS reveals muscular proteome profiles of deep pressure ulcers. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225016. [PMID: 32458987 PMCID: PMC7295623 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a common clinical issue lacking effective treatment and validated pharmacological therapy in hospital settings. Ischemia-reperfusion injury of deep tissue, especially muscle, plays a vital role in the formation and development of the overwhelming majority of PUs. However, muscular protein expression study in PUs has not been reported. Herein, we aimed to investigate the muscular proteins profiles in PUs and to explore the pathological mechanism of PUs. The iTRAQ LC-MS/MS was conducted to detect the protein profiles in clinical muscle samples of PUs. The GO and KEGG pathways analyses were performed for annotation of differentially expressed proteins. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING online database, and hub proteins were validated by the immunoblotting. Based on proteomics results, we found a number of proteins that were differentially expressed in PU muscle samples compared with the normal and identified unique proteins expression patterns between these two groups, suggesting that they might involve in pathological process of the disease. Importantly, cathepsin B and D, as well as other autophagy-lysosome and apoptosis associated proteins were identified. Further experiments characterize the expression of these proteins and their regulation in the process of apoptosis and autophagy. These findings may provide novel insights into the mechanisms of lysosome-associated pathways involved in the initiation of PUs. This is the first study linking proteomics to PUs muscle tissues, which indicated cathepsin B and D might be key drug target for PUs.
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Torres-Vanegas JD, Cruz JC, Reyes LH. Delivery Systems for Nucleic Acids and Proteins: Barriers, Cell Capture Pathways and Nanocarriers. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:428. [PMID: 33809969 PMCID: PMC8004853 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy has been used as a potential approach to address the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases and inherited disorders. In this line, non-viral systems have been exploited as promising alternatives for delivering therapeutic transgenes and proteins. In this review, we explored how biological barriers are effectively overcome by non-viral systems, usually nanoparticles, to reach an efficient delivery of cargoes. Furthermore, this review contributes to the understanding of several mechanisms of cellular internalization taken by nanoparticles. Because a critical factor for nanoparticles to do this relies on the ability to escape endosomes, researchers have dedicated much effort to address this issue using different nanocarriers. Here, we present an overview of the diversity of nanovehicles explored to reach an efficient and effective delivery of both nucleic acids and proteins. Finally, we introduced recent advances in the development of successful strategies to deliver cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D. Torres-Vanegas
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Luis H. Reyes
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Phosphatidic acid-mediated binding and mammalian cell internalization of the Vibrio cholerae cytotoxin MakA. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009414. [PMID: 33735319 PMCID: PMC8009392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a noninvasive intestinal pathogen extensively studied as the causative agent of the human disease cholera. Our recent work identified MakA as a potent virulence factor of V. cholerae in both Caenorhabditis elegans and zebrafish, prompting us to investigate the potential contribution of MakA to pathogenesis also in mammalian hosts. In this study, we demonstrate that the MakA protein could induce autophagy and cytotoxicity of target cells. In addition, we observed that phosphatidic acid (PA)-mediated MakA-binding to the host cell plasma membranes promoted macropinocytosis resulting in the formation of an endomembrane-rich aggregate and vacuolation in intoxicated cells that lead to induction of autophagy and dysfunction of intracellular organelles. Moreover, we functionally characterized the molecular basis of the MakA interaction with PA and identified that the N-terminal domain of MakA is required for its binding to PA and thereby for cell toxicity. Furthermore, we observed that the ΔmakA mutant outcompeted the wild-type V. cholerae strain A1552 in the adult mouse infection model. Based on the findings revealing mechanistic insights into the dynamic process of MakA-induced autophagy and cytotoxicity we discuss the potential role played by the MakA protein during late stages of cholera infection as an anti-colonization factor. Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, an infectious disease causing watery diarrhea that can lead to fatal dehydration. The bacteria can readily adapt to different environments, such as from its natural aquatic habitats to the human digestive system. Recently, we reported a novel V. cholerae cytotoxin, MakA that functions as a potent virulence factor in C. elegans and zebrafish. Here we identified phosphatidic acid as a lipid target for MakA interaction with mammalian cells. This interaction promoted macropinocytosis resulting in the formation of an endomembrane-rich aggregate in intoxicated cells that ultimately lead to activation of autophagy. Importantly, data from bacterial colonization in a mouse infection model suggested that MakA might act as an anti-colonization factor of V. cholerae, presumably expressed during later stage(s) of infection. MakA might be explored as a new target for diagnostics and therapeutic developments against V. cholerae infections. Our findings will contribute to further understanding of the virulence, colonization and post-infection spread of V. cholerae.
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Lu W, Nishinari K, Phillips GO, Fang Y. Colloidal nutrition science to understand food-body interaction. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Rusznyák Á, Malanga M, Fenyvesi É, Szente L, Váradi J, Bácskay I, Vecsernyés M, Vasvári G, Haimhoffer Á, Fehér P, Ujhelyi Z, Nagy Jr. B, Fejes Z, Fenyvesi F. Investigation of the Cellular Effects of Beta- Cyclodextrin Derivatives on Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020157. [PMID: 33504045 PMCID: PMC7911713 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are widely used excipients for increasing water-solubility, delivery and bioavailability of lipophilic drugs. By using fluorescent cyclodextrin derivatives, we showed previously that cyclodextrins are able to enter Caco-2 intestinal cells by endocytosis, but the influence of different fluorescent labeling on the same cyclodextrin derivative has not been studied. The consequences of the cellular internalization of cyclodextrins have not been revealed yet either. The aims of this study were to compare the cellular internalization of fluorescein- and rhodamine-labeled (2-hydroxypropyl)-, (HPBCD) and randommethyl-β-cyclodextrins (RAMEB) and to investigate the intracellular effects of these derivatives on Caco-2 cells. Stimulation of the NF-kappa B pathway and autophagy and localization of these derivatives in lysosomes were tested. The endocytosis of these derivatives was examined by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Both fluorescein- and rhodamine-labeled derivatives entered the cells, therefore the type of the fluorescent labeling did not influence their internalization. Cyclodextrin pretreatment did not activate the translocation of the p65 subunit of the NF-kappa B heterodimer into the cell nuclei from the cytoplasm. After HPBCD or RAMEB treatment, formation of the autophagosomes did not increase compared to the control sample and at the same time these derivatives could be detected in lysosomes after internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Rusznyák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Milo Malanga
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin R & D Laboratory Ltd., Illatos St. 7, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary; (M.M.); (É.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Éva Fenyvesi
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin R & D Laboratory Ltd., Illatos St. 7, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary; (M.M.); (É.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Lajos Szente
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin R & D Laboratory Ltd., Illatos St. 7, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary; (M.M.); (É.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Judit Váradi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Vecsernyés
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
| | - Gábor Vasvári
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ádám Haimhoffer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pálma Fehér
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
| | - Zoltán Ujhelyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
| | - Béla Nagy Jr.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.N.J.); (Z.F.)
| | - Zsolt Fejes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.N.J.); (Z.F.)
| | - Ferenc Fenyvesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.R.); (J.V.); (I.B.); (M.V.); (G.V.); (Á.H.); (P.F.); (Z.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52/411-717/54505
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Song S, Zhang Y, Ding T, Ji N, Zhao H. The Dual Role of Macropinocytosis in Cancers: Promoting Growth and Inducing Methuosis to Participate in Anticancer Therapies as Targets. Front Oncol 2021; 10:570108. [PMID: 33542897 PMCID: PMC7851083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macropinocytosis is an important mechanism of internalizing extracellular materials and dissolved molecules in eukaryotic cells. Macropinocytosis has a dual effect on cancer cells. On the one hand, cells expressing RAS genes (such as K-RAS, H-RAS) under the stress of nutrient deficiency can spontaneously produce constitutive macropinocytosis to promote the growth of cancer cells by internalization of extracellular nutrients (like proteins), receptors, and extracellular vesicles(EVs). On the other hand, abnormal expression of RAS genes and drug treatment (such as MOMIPP) can induce a novel cell death associated with hyperactivated macropinocytosis: methuosis. Based on the dual effect, there is immense potential for designing anticancer therapies that target macropinocytosis in cancer cells. In view of the fact that there has been little review of the dual effect of macropinocytosis in cancer cells, herein, we systematically review the general process of macropinocytosis, its specific manifestation in cancer cells, and its application in cancer treatment, including anticancer drug delivery and destruction of macropinocytosis. This review aims to serve as a reference for studying macropinocytosis in cancers and designing macropinocytosis-targeting anticancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Tugizov SM. Human immunodeficiency virus interaction with oral and genital mucosal epithelia may lead to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and sequestration of virions in the endosomal compartments. Oral Dis 2020; 26 Suppl 1:40-46. [PMID: 32862547 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral and genital mucosal epithelia are multistratified epithelial barriers with well-developed tight and adherens junctions. These barriers serve as the first line of defense against many pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV interaction with the surface of mucosal epithelial cells, however, may activate transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. When activated, these pathways may lead to the disruption of epithelial junctions and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). HIV-induced impairment of the mucosal barrier may facilitate the spread of pathogenic viral, bacterial, fungal, and other infectious agents. HIV-induced EMT promotes highly motile/migratory cells. In oral and genital mucosa, if EMT occurs within a human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected premalignant or malignant cell environment, the HPV-associated neoplastic process could be accelerated by promoting viral invasion of malignant cells. HIV also internalizes into oral and genital mucosal epithelial cells. The majority (90%) of internalized virions do not cross the epithelium, but are retained in endosomal compartments for several days. These sequestered virions are infectious. Upon interaction with activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes, epithelial cells containing the virus can be transferred. The induction of HIV-1 release and the cell-to-cell spread of virus from epithelial cells to lymphocytes is mediated by interaction of lymphocyte receptor function-associated antigen-1 with the epithelial cell receptor intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Thus, mucosal epithelial cells may serve as a transient reservoir for HIV, which could play a critical role in viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharof M Tugizov
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Kamei N, Kawano S, Abe R, Hirano S, Ogino H, Tamiwa H, Takeda-Morishita M. Effects of intestinal luminal contents and the importance of microfold cells on the ability of cell-penetrating peptides to enhance epithelial permeation of insulin. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 155:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mannose-Decorated Dendritic Polyglycerol Nanocarriers Drive Antiparasitic Drugs To Leishmania infantum-Infected Macrophages. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100915. [PMID: 32987800 PMCID: PMC7598597 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are hosts for intracellular pathogens involved in numerous diseases including leishmaniasis. They express surface receptors that may be exploited for specific drug-targeting. Recently, we developed a PEGylated dendritic polyglycerol-based conjugate (PG–PEG) that colocalizes with intracellular parasite. We hereby study the effect of surface decoration with mannose units on the conjugates’ targeting ability toward leishmania intracellular parasites. Murine and human macrophages were exposed to fluorescently labeled mannosylated PG–PEG and uptake was quantified by flow cytometry analysis. Nanocarriers bearing five mannose units showed the highest uptake, which varied between 30 and 88% in the population in human and murine macrophages, respectively. The uptake was found to be dependent on phagocytosis and pinocytosis (80%), as well as clathrin-mediated endocytosis (79%). Confocal microscopy showed that mannosylated PG–PEGs target acidic compartments in macrophages. In addition, when both murine and human macrophages were infected and treated, colocalization between parasites and mannosylated nanoconjugates was observed. Leishmania-infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) showed avidity by mannosylated PG–PEG whereas non-infected macrophages rarely accumulated conjugates. Moreover, the antileishmanial activity of Amphotericin B was kept upon conjugation to mannosylated PG–PEG through a pH-labile linker. This study demonstrates that leishmania infected macrophages are selectively targeted by mannosylated PEGylated dendritic conjugates.
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Transport of PEGylated-PLA nanoparticles across a blood brain barrier model, entry into neuronal cells and in vivo brain bioavailability. J Control Release 2020; 328:679-695. [PMID: 32979453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Treatments of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are severely hampered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) precluding efficient brain drug delivery. The development of drug nanocarriers aims at increasing the brain therapeutic index would represent a real progress in brain disease management. PEGylated polyester nanoparticles (NPs) are intensively tested in clinical trials for improved drug delivery. Our working hypothesis was that some surface parameters and size of NPs could favor their penetration across the BBB and their neuronal uptake. Polymeric material PEG-b-PLA diblocks were synthesized by ring opening polymerisation (ROP) with PEG2000 or PEG5000. A library of polymeric PEG-b-PLA diblocks NPs with different physicochemical properties was produced. The toxicity, endocytosis and transcytosis through the brain microvascular endothelial cells were monitored as well as the neuronal cells uptake. In vitro results lead to the identification of favourable surface parameters for the NPs endocytosis into vascular endothelial cells. NPs endocytosis took place mainly by macropinocytosis while transcytosis was partially controlled by their surface chemistry and size. In vivo assays on a zebrafish model showed that the kinetic of NPs in circulation is dependent on PEG coating properties. In vivo findings also showed a low but similar translocation of PEG-b-PLA diblocks NPs to the CNS, regardless of their properties. In conclusion, modulation of surface PEG chain length and NPs size impact the endocytosis rate of NPs but have little influence on cell barriers translocation; while in vivo biodistribution is influenced by surface PEG chain density.
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Nakase I, Aoki A, Sakai Y, Hirase S, Ishimura M, Takatani-Nakase T, Hattori Y, Kirihata M. Antibody-Based Receptor Targeting Using an Fc-Binding Peptide-Dodecaborate Conjugate and Macropinocytosis Induction for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22731-22738. [PMID: 32954120 PMCID: PMC7495456 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a radiation method used for cancer therapy. Cellular uptake of boron-10 (10B) atoms induces cancer cell death by the generation of alpha particles and recoiling lithium-7 (7Li) nuclei when the cells are irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons. Current BNCT technology shows effective therapeutic benefits in refractory cancers such as brain tumors and head and neck cancers. However, improvements to cancer targeting and the cellular uptake efficacy of the boron compounds and the expansion of the diseases treatable by BNCT are highly desirable. In this research, we aimed to develop an antibody-based drug delivery method for BNCT through the use of the Z33 peptide, which shows specific recognition of and interaction with the Fc domain of human IgG, for on-demand receptor targeting. In addition, we determined with an in vitro assay that macropinocytosis induction during antibody-based drug delivery is crucial for the biological activity of BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuhiko Nakase
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
- NanoSquare
Research Institute, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- . Phone: +81 722549895. Fax: +81 722549895
| | - Ayako Aoki
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
- NanoSquare
Research Institute, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sakai
- Research
Center of BNCT, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Shiori Hirase
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
- NanoSquare
Research Institute, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Miki Ishimura
- Research
Center of BNCT, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Tomoka Takatani-Nakase
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hattori
- Research
Center of BNCT, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- . Phone: +81 722546423
| | - Mitsunori Kirihata
- Research
Center of BNCT, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
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Krenacs T, Meggyeshazi N, Forika G, Kiss E, Hamar P, Szekely T, Vancsik T. Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia-Induced Tumor Damage Mechanisms Revealed in Cancer Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6270. [PMID: 32872532 PMCID: PMC7504298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits of high-fever range hyperthermia have been utilized in medicine from the Ancient Greek culture to the present day. Amplitude-modulated electro-hyperthermia, induced by a 13.56 MHz radiofrequency current (mEHT, or Oncothermia), has been an emerging means of delivering loco-regional clinical hyperthermia as a complementary of radiation-, chemo-, and molecular targeted oncotherapy. This unique treatment exploits the metabolic shift in cancer, resulting in elevated oxidative glycolysis (Warburg effect), ion concentration, and electric conductivity. These promote the enrichment of electric fields and induce heat (controlled at 42 °C), as well as ion fluxes and disequilibrium through tumor cell membrane channels. By now, accumulating preclinical studies using in vitro and in vivo models of different cancer types have revealed details of the mechanism and molecular background of the oncoreductive effects of mEHT monotherapy. These include the induction of DNA double-strand breaks, irreversible heath and cell stress, and programmed cells death; the upregulation of molecular chaperones and damage (DAMP) signaling, which may contribute to a secondary immunogenic tumor cell death. In combination therapies, mEHT proved to be a good chemosensitizer through increasing drug uptake and tumor reductive effects, as well as a good radiosensitizer by downregulating hypoxia-related target genes. Recently, immune stimulation or intratumoral antigen-presenting dendritic cell injection have been able to extend the impact of local mEHT into a systemic "abscopal" effect. The complex network of pathways emerging from the published mEHT experiments has not been overviewed and arranged yet into a framework to reveal links between the pieces of the "puzzle". In this paper, we review the mEHT-related damage mechanisms published in tumor models, which may allow some geno-/phenotype treatment efficiency correlations to be exploited both in further research and for more rational clinical treatment planning when mEHT is involved in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Krenacs
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (G.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Nora Meggyeshazi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (G.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Gertrud Forika
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (G.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Eva Kiss
- Institute of Oncology at 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Peter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary; (P.H.); (T.V.)
| | - Tamas Szekely
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (G.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Tamas Vancsik
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary; (P.H.); (T.V.)
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Kim CS, Mathew AP, Uthaman S, Moon MJ, Bae EH, Kim SW, Park IK. Glycol chitosan-based renal docking biopolymeric nanomicelles for site-specific delivery of the immunosuppressant. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Confeld MI, Mamnoon B, Feng L, Jensen-Smith H, Ray P, Froberg J, Kim J, Hollingsworth MA, Quadir M, Choi Y, Mallik S. Targeting the Tumor Core: Hypoxia-Responsive Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Chemotherapy to Pancreatic Tumors. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2849-2863. [PMID: 32521162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), early onset of hypoxia triggers remodeling of the extracellular matrix, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, increased cell survival, the formation of cancer stem cells, and drug resistance. Hypoxia in PDAC is also associated with the development of collagen-rich, fibrous extracellular stroma (desmoplasia), resulting in severely impaired drug penetration. To overcome these daunting challenges, we created polymer nanoparticles (polymersomes) that target and penetrate pancreatic tumors, reach the hypoxic niches, undergo rapid structural destabilization, and release the encapsulated drugs. In vitro studies indicated a high cellular uptake of the polymersomes and increased cytotoxicity of the drugs under hypoxia compared to unencapsulated drugs. The polymersomes decreased tumor growth by nearly 250% and significantly increased necrosis within the tumors by 60% in mice compared to untreated controls. We anticipate that these polymer nanoparticles possess a considerable translational potential for delivering drugs to solid hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I Confeld
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Babak Mamnoon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Li Feng
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Heather Jensen-Smith
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Priyanka Ray
- Coatings and Polymeric Materials Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - James Froberg
- Physics Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Jiha Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Michael A Hollingsworth
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Mohiuddin Quadir
- Coatings and Polymeric Materials Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Yongki Choi
- Physics Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
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Kaźmierczak Z, Szostak-Paluch K, Przybyło M, Langner M, Witkiewicz W, Jędruchniewicz N, Dąbrowska K. Endocytosis in cellular uptake of drug delivery vectors: Molecular aspects in drug development. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115556. [PMID: 32828419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery vectors are widely applied to increase drug efficacy while reducing the side effects and potential toxicity of a drug. They allow for patient-tailored therapy, dose titration, and therapeutic drug monitoring. A major part of drug delivery systems makes use of large nanocarriers: liposomes or virus-like particles (VLPs). These systems allow for a relatively large amount of cargo with good stability of vectors, and they offer multiple options for targeting vectors in vivo. Here we discuss endocytic pathways that are available for drug delivery by large nanocarriers. We focus on molecular aspects of the process, including an overview of potential molecular targets for studies of drug delivery vectors and for future solutions allowing targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Kaźmierczak
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kamila Szostak-Paluch
- Research and Development Center, Regional Specialized Hospital, Wrocław, Poland; Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Przybyło
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław, Poland; Lipid Systems sp z o.o., Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Langner
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław, Poland; Lipid Systems sp z o.o., Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Witkiewicz
- Research and Development Center, Regional Specialized Hospital, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Dąbrowska
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland; Research and Development Center, Regional Specialized Hospital, Wrocław, Poland.
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Rakshit M, Gautam A, Toh LZ, Lee YS, Lai HY, Wong TT, Ng KW. Hydroxyapatite Particles Induced Modulation of Collagen Expression and Secretion in Primary Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4943-4956. [PMID: 32764927 PMCID: PMC7367744 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s245500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hydroxyapatite (HA) [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] is a naturally occurring calcium phosphate which makes up 60–70% of the dry weight of human bones. Nano-scale HA particles are increasingly being used as carriers for controlled and targeted delivery of bioactive agents like drugs, proteins, and nucleic acids due to their high porosity, negative charge, and biodegradability. Purpose Although much effort has been devoted to understanding the delivery kinetics and effects of the payloads in such carriers, a thorough understanding of the influence of the carriers themselves is lacking. Methods HA particles (300 µg/mL) were administered to primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The uptake and intracellular localization of the particles were determined by flow cytometry, confocal imaging, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Immunological assays and PCR were performed to determine the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and collagens in cell lysates and media supernatant. Results The current study explores the effects of poly-dispersed HA particles on primary HDFs as a model system. The majority of the particles were determined to range between 150 and 200 nm in diameter. Upon exposure to HA suspensions, primary HDFs internalized the particles by endocytosis within 6 hours of exposure, showing maximum uptake at 72 hours following which the particles were exocytosed by 168 hours. This correlated to reduced secretion of various pro-inflammatory and pro-collagenic cytokines. Biochemical analysis further revealed a reduction in Type I collagen expression and secretion. Conclusion HA particles have an immune-modulatory effect on dermal fibroblasts and reduce collagen production, which may impact the integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This study demonstrates the need to consider the secondary effects of particulate carriers like HA, beyond basic cytotoxicity, in the specific tissue environment where the intended function is to be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Rakshit
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Archana Gautam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Li Zhen Toh
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Ying Shi Lee
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Hui Ying Lai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Tina T Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Singapore 637141, Singapore.,Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138648, Singapore.,Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
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Targeted Dendrimer-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Selective Delivery of Therapeutics in Living Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092252. [PMID: 32397665 PMCID: PMC7249066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are widely used as theranostic agents for the treatment of various pathologies, including cancer. Among all, dendrimers-based nanoparticles represent a valid approach for drugs delivery, thanks to their controllable size and surface properties. Indeed, dendrimers can be easily loaded with different payloads and functionalized with targeting agents. Moreover, they can be used in combination with other materials such as metal nanoparticles for combinatorial therapies. Here, we present the formulation of an innovative nanostructured hybrid system composed by a metallic core and a dendrimers-based coating that is able to deliver doxorubicin specifically to cancer cells through a targeting agent. Its dual nature allows us to transport nanoparticles to our site of interest through the magnetic field and specifically increase internalization by exploiting the T7 targeting peptide. Our system can release the drug in a controlled pH-dependent way, causing more than 50% of cell death in a pancreatic cancer cell line. Finally, we show how the system was internalized inside cancer cells, highlighting a peculiar disassembly of the nanostructure at the cell surface. Indeed, only the dendrimeric portion is internalized, while the metal core remains outside. Thanks to these features, our nanosystem can be exploited for a multistage magnetic vector.
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Highly selective organ distribution and cellular uptake of inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles customized for the targeted delivery of glucocorticoids. J Control Release 2020; 319:360-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kim CG, Kye YC, Yun CH. The Role of Nanovaccine in Cross-Presentation of Antigen-Presenting Cells for the Activation of CD8 + T Cell Responses. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E612. [PMID: 31731667 PMCID: PMC6920862 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Explosive growth in nanotechnology has merged with vaccine development in the battle against diseases caused by bacterial or viral infections and malignant tumors. Due to physicochemical characteristics including size, viscosity, density and electrostatic properties, nanomaterials have been applied to various vaccination strategies. Nanovaccines, as they are called, have been the subject of many studies, including review papers from a material science point of view, although a mode of action based on a biological and immunological understanding has yet to emerge. In this review, we discuss nanovaccines in terms of CD8+ T cell responses, which are essential for antiviral and anticancer therapies. We focus mainly on the role and mechanism, with particular attention to the functional aspects, of nanovaccines in inducing cross-presentation, an unconventional type of antigen-presentation that activates CD8+ T cells upon administration of exogenous antigens, in dendritic cells followed by activation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Two major intracellular mechanisms that nanovaccines harness for cross-presentation are described; one is endosomal swelling and rupture, and the other is membrane fusion. Both processes eventually allow exogenous vaccine antigens to be exported from phagosomes to the cytosol followed by loading on major histocompatibility complex class I, triggering clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells. Advancement of nanotechnology with an enhanced understanding of how nanovaccines work will contribute to the design of more effective and safer nanovaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Gyun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (C.G.K.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Yoon-Chul Kye
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (C.G.K.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (C.G.K.); (Y.-C.K.)
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do 25354, Korea
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Takenaka T, Nakai S, Katayama M, Hirano M, Ueno N, Noguchi K, Takatani-Nakase T, Fujii I, Kobayashi SS, Nakase I. Effects of gefitinib treatment on cellular uptake of extracellular vesicles in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118762. [PMID: 31610280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (exosomes, EVs) are cell membrane particles (30-200 nm) secreted by virtually all cells. During intercellular communication in the body, secreted EVs play crucial roles by carrying functional biomolecules (e.g., microRNAs and enzymes) into other cells to affect cellular function, including disease progression. We previously reported that the macropinocytosis pathway contributes greatly to the efficient cellular uptake of EVs. The activation of growth factor receptors, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), induces macropinocytosis. In this study, we demonstrated the effects of gefitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR, on the cellular uptake of EVs. In EGFR-mutant HCC827 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, which are sensitive to gefitinib, macropinocytosis was suppressed by gefitinib treatment. However, the cellular uptake of EVs was increased by gefitinib treatment, whereas that of liposomes was reduced. In accordance with the results of the cellular uptake studies, the anti-cancer activity of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded EVs in HCC827 cells was significantly increased in the presence of gefitinib, whereas the activity of DOX-loaded liposomes was reduced. The digestion of EV proteins by trypsin did not affect uptake, suggesting that the cellular uptake of EVs might not be mediated by EV proteins. These results suggest that gefitinib can enhance cell-to-cell communication via EVs within the tumor microenvironment. In addition, EVs show potential as drug delivery vehicles in combination with gefitinib for the treatment of patients harboring EGFR-mutant NSCLC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Takenaka
- NanoSquare Research Institute, Research Center for the 21st Century, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Shinya Nakai
- NanoSquare Research Institute, Research Center for the 21st Century, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Miku Katayama
- NanoSquare Research Institute, Research Center for the 21st Century, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Mami Hirano
- NanoSquare Research Institute, Research Center for the 21st Century, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ueno
- NanoSquare Research Institute, Research Center for the 21st Century, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kosuke Noguchi
- NanoSquare Research Institute, Research Center for the 21st Century, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Tomoka Takatani-Nakase
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ikuo Fujii
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Susumu S Kobayashi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- NanoSquare Research Institute, Research Center for the 21st Century, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
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Kamei N, Yamamoto S, Hashimoto H, Nishii M, Miyaura M, Tomada K, Nakase I, Takeda-Morishita M. Optimization of the method for analyzing endocytosis of fluorescently tagged molecules: Impact of incubation in the cell culture medium and cell surface wash with glycine-hydrochloric acid buffer. J Control Release 2019; 310:127-140. [PMID: 31442466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To obtain the therapeutic effect of biological medicines, such as proteins and nucleic acids, these medicines must achieve their intracellular target, such as the cytoplasm, and pass through biological membrane barriers. Endocytosis is an attractive route for the intracellular delivery of such drugs, and various endocytosis inhibitors have been used as tools to study the involvement of endocytosis in the cell internalization of delivery carriers. However, the specificity of these inhibitors has been insufficiently studied, and our preliminary tests could not detect the expected effect of the well-known endocytosis inhibitors. Therefore, the present study aimed to optimize the experimental conditions to precisely analyze cellular internalization via endocytosis. We first found that incubation of model molecules, such as transferrin (Tf) and cholera toxin subunit B (CTB), in cell culture medium (DMEM) could efficiently induce their internalization to HeLa cells compared to that in transport buffer (HBSS). Moreover, we clarified that cell surface wash with glycine-hydrochloric acid buffer before confocal microscopy and flow cytometry strengthened the intracellular fluorescence of Tf, CTB, and dextran tagged with fluorescent probes possibly via the neutralization of endosomal pH. Even under the optimized condition, however, the specificity of endocytosis inhibitors was disputable. The present study suggested the importance of the optimization of the study design with endocytosis inhibitors in analyzing cellular internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Kamei
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Hiro Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Megumi Nishii
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Moe Miyaura
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Kiho Tomada
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Laboratory for Cellular Regulation Chemistry, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai-Shi, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Mariko Takeda-Morishita
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
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Donahue ND, Acar H, Wilhelm S. Concepts of nanoparticle cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and kinetics in nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 143:68-96. [PMID: 31022434 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based therapeutics and diagnostics are commonly referred to as nanomedicine and may significantly impact the future of healthcare. However, the clinical translation of these technologies is challenging. One of these challenges is the efficient delivery of nanoparticles to specific cell populations and subcellular targets in the body to elicit desired biological and therapeutic responses. It is critical for researchers to understand the fundamental concepts of how nanoparticles interact with biological systems to predict and control in vivo nanoparticle transport for improved clinical benefit. In this overview article, we review and discuss cellular internalization pathways, summarize the field`s understanding of how nanoparticle physicochemical properties affect cellular interactions, and explore and discuss intracellular nanoparticle trafficking and kinetics. Our overview may provide a valuable resource for researchers and may inspire new studies to expand our current understanding of nanotechnology-biology interactions at cellular and subcellular levels with the goal to improve clinical translation of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Donahue
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Handan Acar
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States; Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States.
| | - Stefan Wilhelm
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States; Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States.
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