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Chen YC, Lutkewitte AJ, Basavarajappa HD, Fueger PT. Glucolipotoxic Stress-Induced Mig6 Desensitizes EGFR Signaling and Promotes Pancreatic Beta Cell Death. Metabolites 2023; 13:627. [PMID: 37233668 PMCID: PMC10222246 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A loss of functional beta cell mass is a final etiological event in the development of frank type 2 diabetes (T2D). To preserve or expand beta cells and therefore treat/prevent T2D, growth factors have been considered therapeutically but have largely failed to achieve robust clinical success. The molecular mechanisms preventing the activation of mitogenic signaling pathways from maintaining functional beta cell mass during the development of T2D remain unknown. We speculated that endogenous negative effectors of mitogenic signaling cascades impede beta cell survival/expansion. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that a stress-inducible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig6), regulates beta cell fate in a T2D milieu. To this end, we determined that: (1) glucolipotoxicity (GLT) induces Mig6, thereby blunting EGFR signaling cascades, and (2) Mig6 mediates molecular events regulating beta cell survival/death. We discovered that GLT impairs EGFR activation, and Mig6 is elevated in human islets from T2D donors as well as GLT-treated rodent islets and 832/13 INS-1 beta cells. Mig6 is essential for GLT-induced EGFR desensitization, as Mig6 suppression rescued the GLT-impaired EGFR and ERK1/2 activation. Further, Mig6 mediated EGFR but not insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor nor hepatocyte growth factor receptor activity in beta cells. Finally, we identified that elevated Mig6 augmented beta cell apoptosis, as Mig6 suppression reduced apoptosis during GLT. In conclusion, we established that T2D and GLT induce Mig6 in beta cells; the elevated Mig6 desensitizes EGFR signaling and induces beta cell death, suggesting Mig6 could be a novel therapeutic target for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andrew J. Lutkewitte
- Department of Pediatrics and Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Halesha D. Basavarajappa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Patrick T. Fueger
- Department of Pediatrics and Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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2
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Telkar N, Stewart GL, Pewarchuk ME, Cohn DE, Robinson WP, Lam WL. Small Non-Coding RNAs in the Human Placenta: Regulatory Roles and Clinical Utility. Front Genet 2022; 13:868598. [PMID: 35432451 PMCID: PMC9006164 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.868598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a vital organ formed during pregnancy, and being the interface between the mother and fetus, it is paramount that placental functioning is strictly controlled. Gene expression in the placenta is finely tuned-with aberrant expression causing placental pathologies and inducing stress on both mother and fetus. Gene regulation is brought upon by several mechanisms, and small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have recently been appreciated for their contribution in gene repression. Their dysregulation has been implicated in a range of somatic and inherited disorders, highlighting their importance in maintaining healthy organ function. Their specific roles within the placenta, however, are not well understood, and require further exploration. To this end, we summarize the mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and transfer RNAs (tRNAs), their known contributions to human placental health and disease, the relevance of sncRNAs as promising biomarkers throughout pregnancy, and the current challenges faced by placental sncRNA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Telkar
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Greg L. Stewart
- British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - David E. Cohn
- British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wendy P. Robinson
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wan L. Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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3
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Spiri S, Berger S, Mereu L, DeMello A, Hajnal A. Reciprocal EGFR signaling in the anchor cell ensures precise inter-organ connection during Caenorhabditis elegans vulval morphogenesis. Development 2022; 149:273883. [PMID: 34982813 PMCID: PMC8783044 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
During Caenorhabditis elegans vulval development, the uterine anchor cell (AC) first secretes an epidermal growth factor (EGF) to specify the vulval cell fates and then invades the underlying vulval epithelium. By doing so, the AC establishes direct contact with the invaginating primary vulF cells and attaches the developing uterus to the vulva. The signals involved and the exact sequence of events joining these two organs are not fully understood. Using a conditional let-23 EGF receptor (EGFR) allele along with novel microfluidic short- and long-term imaging methods, we discovered a specific function of the EGFR in the AC during vulval lumen morphogenesis. Tissue-specific inactivation of let-23 in the AC resulted in imprecise alignment of the AC with the primary vulval cells, delayed AC invasion and disorganized adherens junctions at the contact site forming between the AC and the dorsal vulF toroid. We propose that EGFR signaling, activated by a reciprocal EGF cue from the primary vulval cells, positions the AC at the vulval midline, guides it during invasion and assembles a cytoskeletal scaffold organizing the adherens junctions that connect the developing uterus to the dorsal vulF toroid. Thus, EGFR signaling in the AC ensures the precise alignment of the two developing organs. Summary: A reciprocal EGF signal from the vulval precursor cells positions the invading anchor cell during Caenorhabditis elegans vulval development to link the vulva and uterus as they form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvan Spiri
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.,Molecular Life Science PhD Program, University and ETH Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Berger
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Chemical- and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Louisa Mereu
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.,Molecular Life Science PhD Program, University and ETH Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew DeMello
- Institute for Chemical- and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alex Hajnal
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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4
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Haryuni RD, Tanaka T, Takahashi JI, Onuma I, Zhou Y, Yokoyama S, Sakurai H. Temozolomide Induces Endocytosis of EGFRvIII via p38-Mediated Non-canonical Phosphorylation in Glioblastoma Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1681-1687. [PMID: 34719645 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The ligand-induced internalization of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is generally considered to attenuate downstream signaling via its endosomal degradation. However, the endocytosis of an oncogenic EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) is impaired, which leads to persistent signaling from the cell surface, thereby promoting the proliferation and survival of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. Cellular stress triggers the non-canonical endocytosis-recycling of EGFR by p38-mediated phosphorylation. In the present study, we used temozolomide (TMZ), the standard chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of GBM patients, to examine whether EGFRvIII is controlled by a non-canonical mechanism. TMZ triggered the endocytic trafficking of serine phosphorylated EGFRvIII. Moreover, phosphorylation and endocytosis were abrogated by the selective p38 inhibitor SB203580, but not gefitinib, indicating that EGFRvIII is recruited to p38-mediated non-canonical endocytosis. The combination of TMZ and SB203580 also showed potential inhibitory effects on the proliferation and motility of glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Dini Haryuni
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama.,Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
| | - Jun-Ichiro Takahashi
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
| | - Iimi Onuma
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
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5
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Soler Beatty J, Molnar C, Luque CM, de Celis JF, Martín-Bermudo MD. EGFRAP encodes a new negative regulator of the EGFR acting in both normal and oncogenic EGFR/Ras-driven tissue morphogenesis. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009738. [PMID: 34411095 PMCID: PMC8407591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of Ras signaling occurs in ~30% of human cancers. However, activated Ras alone is insufficient to produce malignancy. Thus, it is imperative to identify those genes cooperating with activated Ras in driving tumoral growth. In this work, we have identified a novel EGFR inhibitor, which we have named EGFRAP, for EGFR adaptor protein. Elimination of EGFRAP potentiates activated Ras-induced overgrowth in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc. We show that EGFRAP interacts physically with the phosphorylated form of EGFR via its SH2 domain. EGFRAP is expressed at high levels in regions of maximal EGFR/Ras pathway activity, such as at the presumptive wing margin. In addition, EGFRAP expression is up-regulated in conditions of oncogenic EGFR/Ras activation. Normal and oncogenic EGFR/Ras-mediated upregulation of EGRAP levels depend on the Notch pathway. We also find that elimination of EGFRAP does not affect overall organogenesis or viability. However, simultaneous downregulation of EGFRAP and its ortholog PVRAP results in defects associated with increased EGFR function. Based on these results, we propose that EGFRAP is a new negative regulator of the EGFR/Ras pathway, which, while being required redundantly for normal morphogenesis, behaves as an important modulator of EGFR/Ras-driven tissue hyperplasia. We suggest that the ability of EGFRAP to functionally inhibit the EGFR pathway in oncogenic cells results from the activation of a feedback loop leading to increase EGFRAP expression. This could act as a surveillance mechanism to prevent excessive EGFR activity and uncontrolled cell growth. Activation of Ras signalling occurs in ~30% of human cancers. However, activated Ras alone is insufficient to produce malignancy. Thus, the discovery of genes cooperating with Ras in cancer is imperative to understand tumoral growth driven by Ras activating mutations. A key output of over-activated EGFR/Ras signalling is the induction of a complex and dynamic set of transcriptional networks leading to changes in gene expression. As a result of these changes, the normal function of some genes can become adjusted in a tumorigenic context. In this work, using the Drosophila wing imaginal disc as model system, we have identified a new EGFR inhibitor, EGFRAP, which function is redundant for proper morphogenesis, yet becomes an important limiter of the overgrowth driven by oncogenic EGFR/Ras activity. We show that the specificity of EGFRAP in cells with high levels of EGFR activity arises from activation of a negative feedback loop resulting in increased EGFRAP levels. This could act to prevent excessive EGFR activity and uncontrolled cell growth. We believe the identification of other factors behaving like EGFRAP, will help in our fight against cancer, as it might lead to the identification of new therapeutic drugs affecting cancer but not normal cells, a top priority in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Soler Beatty
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/JA, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Molnar
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM/CSIC), Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Luque
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM/CSIC), Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose F. de Celis
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM/CSIC), Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María D. Martín-Bermudo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/JA, Sevilla, Spain
- * E-mail:
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6
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Gene 33/Mig6/ERRFI1, an Adapter Protein with Complex Functions in Cell Biology and Human Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071574. [PMID: 34206547 PMCID: PMC8306081 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene 33 (also named Mig6, RALT, and ERRFI1) is an adapter/scaffold protein with a calculated molecular weight of about 50 kD. It contains multiple domains known to mediate protein–protein interaction, suggesting that it has the potential to interact with many cellular partners and have multiple cellular functions. The research over the last two decades has confirmed that it indeed regulates multiple cell signaling pathways and is involved in many pathophysiological processes. Gene 33 has long been viewed as an exclusively cytosolic protein. However, recent evidence suggests that it also has nuclear and chromatin-associated functions. These new findings highlight a significantly broader functional spectrum of this protein. In this review, we will discuss the function and regulation of Gene 33, as well as its association with human pathophysiological conditions in light of the recent research progress on this protein.
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7
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Fish L, Khoroshkin M, Navickas A, Garcia K, Culbertson B, Hänisch B, Zhang S, Nguyen HCB, Soto LM, Dermit M, Mardakheh FK, Molina H, Alarcón C, Najafabadi HS, Goodarzi H. A prometastatic splicing program regulated by SNRPA1 interactions with structured RNA elements. Science 2021; 372:eabc7531. [PMID: 33986153 PMCID: PMC8238114 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc7531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant alternative splicing is a hallmark of cancer, yet the underlying regulatory programs that control this process remain largely unknown. Here, we report a systematic effort to decipher the RNA structural code that shapes pathological splicing during breast cancer metastasis. We discovered a previously unknown structural splicing enhancer that is enriched near cassette exons with increased inclusion in highly metastatic cells. We show that the spliceosomal protein small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A' (SNRPA1) interacts with these enhancers to promote cassette exon inclusion. This interaction enhances metastatic lung colonization and cancer cell invasion, in part through SNRPA1-mediated regulation of PLEC alternative splicing, which can be counteracted by splicing modulating morpholinos. Our findings establish a noncanonical regulatory role for SNRPA1 as a prometastatic splicing enhancer in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Fish
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Matvei Khoroshkin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Albertas Navickas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kristle Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bruce Culbertson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Benjamin Hänisch
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Steven Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hoang C B Nguyen
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Larisa M Soto
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Maria Dermit
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Faraz K Mardakheh
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteome Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Claudio Alarcón
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Hamed S Najafabadi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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8
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Kholodenko BN, Rauch N, Kolch W, Rukhlenko OS. A systematic analysis of signaling reactivation and drug resistance. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109157. [PMID: 34038718 PMCID: PMC8202068 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the reactivation of initially inhibited signaling pathways causes drug resistance. Here, we analyze how network topologies affect signaling responses to drug treatment. Network-dependent drug resistance is commonly attributed to negative and positive feedback loops. However, feedback loops by themselves cannot completely reactivate steady-state signaling. Newly synthesized negative feedback regulators can induce a transient overshoot but cannot fully restore output signaling. Complete signaling reactivation can only occur when at least two routes, an activating and inhibitory, connect an inhibited upstream protein to a downstream output. Irrespective of the network topology, drug-induced overexpression or increase in target dimerization can restore or even paradoxically increase downstream pathway activity. Kinase dimerization cooperates with inhibitor-mediated alleviation of negative feedback. Our findings inform drug development by considering network context and optimizing the design drug combinations. As an example, we predict and experimentally confirm specific combinations of RAF inhibitors that block mutant NRAS signaling. Kholodenko et al. uncover signaling network circuitries and molecular mechanisms necessary and sufficient for complete reactivation or overshoot of steady-state signaling after kinase inhibitor treatment. The two means to revive signaling output fully are through network topology or reactivation of the kinase activity of the primary drug target. Blocking RAF dimer activity by a combination of type I½ and type II RAF inhibitors efficiently blocks mutant NRAS-driven ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris N Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Nora Rauch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oleksii S Rukhlenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Atef MM, Amer AI, Hafez YM, Elsebaey MA, Saber SA, Abd El-Khalik SR. Long non-coding RNA EGFR-AS1 in colorectal cancer: potential role in tumorigenesis and survival via miRNA-133b sponge and EGFR/STAT3 axis regulation. Br J Biomed Sci 2021; 78:122-129. [PMID: 33211633 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1853913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and a major cause of cancer-related death. Thus molecular biomarkers for colorectal cancer have been proposed. The role of long non-coding RNA EGFR-AS1 in colorectal cancer is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate its expression in different stages of colorectal cancer and determine any possible role in regulating the miR‑133b/EGFR/STAT3 signalling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relative expression of EGFR-AS1 and miR‑133b were evaluated by quantitative real-time RT-transcription PCR in 130 colorectal cancer samples and 30 normal tissues. EGFR expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, levels of p-EGFR, p-STAT3, and apoptotic proteins were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Both EGFR-AS1 and EGFR overexpression were positively linked with colorectal cancer status (both p < 0.01), grade (both p < 0.01), and metastasis (P < 0.01 and p = 0.019 respectively). EGFR-AS1 and miR-133b were significantly inversely correlated (P < 0.01). Low expression of miR-133b was inversely associated with overexpressed EGFR and increased p-STAT3 levels. EGFR-AS1 was an independent prognostic factor for survival of colorectal cancer patients (P < 0.01, HR 2.06; 95% CI 1.32-3.19) where low EGFR-AS1 expression was associated with higher survival rate (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION EGFR-AS1 may have a role in colorectal cancer by regulation of miR‑133b/EGFR/STAT3 signalling. It may be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and predicting the survival rate of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Atef
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - A I Amer
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Y M Hafez
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - M A Elsebaey
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - S A Saber
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - S R Abd El-Khalik
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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10
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Georgescu MM, Islam MZ, Li Y, Traylor J, Nanda A. Novel targetable FGFR2 and FGFR3 alterations in glioblastoma associate with aggressive phenotype and distinct gene expression programs. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:69. [PMID: 33853673 PMCID: PMC8048363 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prognostic molecular subgrouping of glioblastoma is an ongoing effort and the current classification includes IDH-wild-type and IDH-mutant entities, the latter showing significantly better prognosis. We performed a comparative integrated analysis of the FGFR glioblastoma subgroup consisting of 5 cases from a prospective 101-patient-cohort. FGFR alterations included FGFR2-TACC2 and FGFR2 amplifications arising in a multifocal IDH-mutant glioblastoma with unexpected 2.5-month patient survival, novel FGFR3 carboxy-terminal duplication and FGFR3-TLN1 fusion, and two previously described FGFR3-TACC3 fusions. The FGFR2 tumors showed additional mutations in SERPINE1/PAI-1 and MMP16, as part of extensive extracellular matrix remodeling programs. Whole transcriptomic analysis revealed common proliferation but distinct morphogenetic gene expression programs that correlated with tumor histology. The kinase program revealed EPHA3, LTK and ALK receptor tyrosine kinase overexpression in individual FGFR tumors. Paradoxically, all FGFR-fused glioblastomas shared strong PI3K and MAPK pathway suppression effected by SPRY, DUSP and AKAP12 inhibitors, whereas the FGFR2-TACC2 tumor elicited also EGFR suppression by ERRFI1 upregulation. This integrated analysis outlined the proliferation and morphogenetic expression programs in FGFR glioblastoma, and identified four novel, clinically targetable FGFR2 and FGFR3 alterations that confer aggressive phenotype and trigger canonical pathway feedback inhibition, with important therapeutic implications.
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11
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Bakherad M, Salimi M, Angaji SA, Mahjoubi F, Majidizadeh T. LRIG1 expression and colorectal cancer prognosis. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:20. [PMID: 33461538 PMCID: PMC7814534 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To make the right treatment decisions about colorectal cancer (CRC) patients reliable predictive and prognostic data are needed. However, in many cases this data is not enough. Some studies suggest that LRIG1 gene (leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains1) has prognostic implications in different kinds of cancers. Methods One hundred and two patients with colorectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed for LRIG1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. SYBR Green Real-Time RT-PCR technique was used for mRNA expression analyses and Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH) was considered as a reference gene for data normalization. LRIG1 protein expression was analyzed using Immunohistochemistry. Additionally, appropriate statistic analyses were used to assess the expression of LRIG1 in test and control groups. The prognostic significance of LRIG1 expression was analyzed using the univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The data revealed that the expression of LRIG1 in both mRNA and protein levels was down regulated in colorectal tumor tissues (P < 0.01) but is not clinically relevant prognostic indicator in CRC. Conclusions Therefore, it is suggested that LRIG1 expression analyses may not be considered as an important issue when making informed and individualized clinical decisions regarding the management of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bakherad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Salimi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abdolhamid Angaji
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Frouzandeh Mahjoubi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Majidizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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12
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Cho J. Mechanistic insights into differential requirement of receptor dimerization for oncogenic activation of mutant EGFR and its clinical perspective. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 32172728 PMCID: PMC7118354 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.3.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the ErbB family (EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4), plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. As a result, aberrant activation of EGFR, mostly mediated through different classes of genomic alterations occurring within EGFR, is closely associated with the pathogenesis of numerous human cancers including lung adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma, and colorectal cancer. Thus, specific suppression of oncogenic activity of mutant EGFR with its targeted drugs has been routinely used in the clinic as a very effective anti-cancer strategy in treating a subset of tumors driven by such oncogenic EGFR mutants. However, the clinical efficacy of EGFR-targeted therapy does not last long due to several resistance mechanisms that emerge in the patients following the drug treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic tactics specifically targeting mutant EGFR with the focus on the unique biological features of various mutant EGFR. Regarding this point, our review specifically emphasizes the recent findings about distinct requirements of receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation, which are critical steps for enzymatic activation of EGFR and signaling cascades, respectively, among wildtype and mutant EGFR and further discuss their clinical significance. In addition, the molecular mechanisms regulating EGFR dimerization and enzymatic activity by a key negative feedback inhibitor Mig6 as well as the clinical use for developing potential novel drugs targeting it are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghee Cho
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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13
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Altered Expression of Three EGFR Posttranslational Regulators MDGI, MIG6, and EIG121 in Invasive Breast Carcinomas. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:9268236. [PMID: 32377505 PMCID: PMC7189325 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9268236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling is a highly regulated process with a tight balance between receptor activation and inactivation in invasive breast carcinomas (IBCs) particularly in triple-negative carcinomas (TNC). Clinical trials using anti-EGFR therapies are actually performed although no activating alterations (mutations, amplifications, or rearrangements) of EGFR have been clearly recognized in order to identify new targeted modalities for IBCs. We explored mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI), estrogen-induced gene-121 (EIG121), and mitogen-induced gene-6 (MIG6), three posttranslational EGFR trafficking molecules implicated in EGFR spatiotemporal regulatory pathway. We quantified MDGI, EIG121, and MIG6 at mRNA levels by using real-time quantitative RT-PCR in a series of 440 IBCs and at protein levels by using immunohistochemistry in a series of 88 IBCs. Results obtained by RT-PCR showed that in IBCs, MDGI, MIG6, and EIG121 mRNA were mainly underexpressed (25.7%, 45.0%, and 16.1%, respectively) particularly in the TNC subtype for EIG121 (60.3%). We also observed mRNA overexpression of MDGI and EIG121, respectively, in 12.7% and 22.3% of IBCs. These altered mRNA expressions were confirmed at the protein level. Some links were found between expression patterns of these three genes and several classical pathological and clinical parameters. Only EIG121 was found to have a prognostic significance (p = 0.0038). Altered expression of these three major EGFR posttranslational negative regulators could create an aberrant EGFR-mediated oncogenic signalling pathway in IBCs. MDGI, MIG6, and EIG121 expression status also may be potential useful biomarkers (sensitivity or resistance) in targeted EGFR therapy.
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14
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Patient-Derived Cells to Guide Targeted Therapy for Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19909. [PMID: 31882684 PMCID: PMC6934824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate preclinical model and model establishment procedure are required to accelerate translational research in lung cancer. We streamlined a protocol for establishing patient-derived cells (PDC) and identified effective targeted therapies and novel resistance mechanisms using PDCs. We generated 23 PDCs from 96 malignant effusions of 77 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Clinical and experimental factors were reviewed to identify determinants for PDC establishment. PDCs were characterized by driver mutations and in vitro sensitivity to targeted therapies. Seven PDCs were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing. PDCs were established at a success rate of 24.0%. Utilizing cytological diagnosis and tumor colony formation can improve the success rate upto 48.8%. In vitro response to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in PDC reflected patient treatment response and contributed to identifying effective therapies. Combination of dabrafenib and trametinib was potent against a rare BRAF K601E mutation. Afatinib was the most potent EGFR-TKI against uncommon EGFR mutations including L861Q, G719C/S768I, and D770_N771insG. Aurora kinase A (AURKA) was identified as a novel resistance mechanism to olmutinib, a mutant-selective, third-generation EGFR-TKI, and inhibition of AURKA overcame the resistance. We presented an efficient protocol for establishing PDCs. PDCs empowered precision medicine with promising translational values.
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15
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Li Q, Liu B, Chao HP, Ji Y, Lu Y, Mehmood R, Jeter C, Chen T, Moore JR, Li W, Liu C, Rycaj K, Tracz A, Kirk J, Calhoun-Davis T, Xiong J, Deng Q, Huang J, Foster BA, Gokhale A, Chen X, Tang DG. LRIG1 is a pleiotropic androgen receptor-regulated feedback tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5494. [PMID: 31792211 PMCID: PMC6889295 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LRIG1 has been reported to be a tumor suppressor in gastrointestinal tract and epidermis. However, little is known about the expression, regulation and biological functions of LRIG1 in prostate cancer (PCa). We find that LRIG1 is overexpressed in PCa, but its expression correlates with better patient survival. Functional studies reveal strong tumor-suppressive functions of LRIG1 in both AR+ and AR- xenograft models, and transgenic expression of LRIG1 inhibits tumor development in Hi-Myc and TRAMP models. LRIG1 also inhibits castration-resistant PCa and exhibits therapeutic efficacy in pre-established tumors. We further show that 1) AR directly transactivates LRIG1 through binding to several AR-binding sites in LRIG1 locus, and 2) LRIG1 dampens ERBB expression in a cell type-dependent manner and inhibits ERBB2-driven tumor growth. Collectively, our study indicates that LRIG1 represents a pleiotropic AR-regulated feedback tumor suppressor that functions to restrict oncogenic signaling from AR, Myc, ERBBs, and, likely, other oncogenic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhui Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 430079, Wuhan, China
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Bigang Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Hsueh-Ping Chao
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Collene Jeter
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Taiping Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - John R Moore
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Wenqian Li
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Kiera Rycaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Amanda Tracz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jason Kirk
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Tammy Calhoun-Davis
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Qu Deng
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University of School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Barbara A Foster
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Abhiram Gokhale
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430030, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, 78957, USA.
- Cancer Stem Cell Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200120, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Disanza A, Bisi S, Frittoli E, Malinverno C, Marchesi S, Palamidessi A, Rizvi A, Scita G. Is cell migration a selectable trait in the natural evolution of cancer development? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180224. [PMID: 31431177 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective evolutionary pressure shapes the processes and genes that enable cancer survival and expansion in a tumour-suppressive environment. A distinguishing lethal feature of malignant cancer is its dissemination and seeding of metastatic foci. A key requirement for this process is the acquisition of a migratory/invasive ability. However, how the migratory phenotype is selected for during the natural evolution of cancer and what advantage, if any, it might provide to the growing malignant cells remain open issues. In this opinion piece, we discuss three possible answers to these issues. We will examine lines of evidence from mathematical modelling of cancer evolution that indicate that migration is an intrinsic selectable property of malignant cells that directly impacts on growth dynamics and cancer geometry. Second, we will argue that migratory phenotypes can emerge as an adaptive response to unfavourable growth conditions and endow cells not only with the ability to move/invade, but also with specific metastatic traits, including drug resistance, self-renewal and survival. Finally, we will discuss the possibility that migratory phenotypes are coincidental events that emerge by happenstance in the natural evolution of cancer. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Forces in cancer: interdisciplinary approaches in tumour mechanobiology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Disanza
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Bisi
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Frittoli
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Malinverno
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology-DIPO, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Marchesi
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Palamidessi
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Abrar Rizvi
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology-DIPO, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology-DIPO, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Cutano V, Di Giorgio E, Minisini M, Picco R, Dalla E, Brancolini C. HDAC7-mediated control of tumour microenvironment maintains proliferative and stemness competence of human mammary epithelial cells. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1651-1668. [PMID: 31081251 PMCID: PMC6670296 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HDAC7 is a pleiotropic transcriptional coregulator that controls different cellular fates. Here, we demonstrate that in human mammary epithelial cells, HDAC7 sustains cell proliferation and favours a population of stem‐like cells, by maintaining a proficient microenvironment. In particular, HDAC7 represses a repertoire of cytokines and other environmental factors, including elements of the insulin‐like growth factor signalling pathway, IGFBP6 and IGFBP7. This HDAC7‐regulated secretome signature predicts negative prognosis for luminal A breast cancers. ChIP‐seq experiments revealed that HDAC7 binds locally to the genome, more frequently distal from the transcription start site. HDAC7 can colocalize with H3K27‐acetylated domains and its deletion further increases H3K27ac at transcriptionally active regions. HDAC7 levels are increased in RAS‐transformed cells, in which this protein was required not only for proliferation and cancer stem‐like cell growth, but also for invasive features. We show that an important direct target of HDAC7 is IL24, which is sufficient to suppress the growth of cancer stem‐like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eros Di Giorgio
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Picco
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Italy
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18
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Ichise T, Yoshida N, Ichise H. CBP/p300 antagonises EGFR‐Ras‐Erk signalling and suppresses increased Ras‐Erk signalling‐induced tumour formation in mice. J Pathol 2019; 249:39-51. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Ichise
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Institute for Animal Research, Faculty of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan
| | - Nobuaki Yoshida
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Hirotake Ichise
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Institute for Animal Research, Faculty of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan
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19
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Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulates EGFR Feedback upon Acquisition of Resistance to Monoclonal Antibodies. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050600. [PMID: 31052457 PMCID: PMC6572202 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidences of a crosstalk between Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) has been reported, ranging from the modulation of receptor levels or GR mediated transcriptional repression of EGFR target genes, with modifications of epigenetic markers. The present study focuses on the involvement of EGFR positive and negative feedback genes in the establishment of cetuximab (CTX) resistance in metastatic Colorectal Cancer (CRC) patients. We evaluated the expression profile of the EGFR ligands TGFA and HBEGF, along with the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1B and IL-8, which were previously reported to be negatively associated with monoclonal antibody response, both in mice and patient specimens. Among EGFR negative feedback loops, we focused on ERRFI1, DUSP1, LRIG3, and LRIG1. We observed that EGFR positive feedback genes are increased in CTX-resistant cells, whereas negative feedback genes are reduced. Next, we tested the expression of these genes in CTX-resistant cells upon GR modulation. We unveiled that GR activation leads to an increase in ERRFI1, DUSP1, and LRIG1, which were shown to restrict EGFR activity, along with a decrease in the EGFR activators (TGFA and IL-8). Finally, in a cohort of xenopatients, stratified for response to cetuximab, we observed an inverse association between the expression level of LRIG1 and CRC progression upon CTX treatment. Our model implies that combining GR modulation to EGFR inhibition may yield an effective treatment strategy in halting cancer progression.
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20
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Blockade of integrin α3 attenuates human pancreatic cancer via inhibition of EGFR signalling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2793. [PMID: 30808960 PMCID: PMC6391393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains dismal despite continuous and considerable efforts. Integrins (ITGs) are highly expressed in various malignant cancers. However, very few studies investigated the role of integrin α3 (ITGα3) in malignant cancers. Here, we determined the functional role of ITGα3 in pancreatic cancer. Analysis of public microarray databases and Western blot analysis indicated a unique expression of ITGα3 in human pancreatic cancer. Silencing ITGα3 expression significantly inhibited the viability and migration of human pancreatic cancer cells. Notably, ablation of ITGα3 expression resulted in a significant decrease of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression compared with transfection of control-siRNA through an increased number of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domain protein 1 (LRIG1) expression. In addition, ablating ITGα3 inhibited tumour growth via blockade of EGFR signalling in vivo. Furthermore, the highly expressed ITGα3 led to a poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Our results provide novel insights into ITGα3-induced aggressive pancreatic cancer.
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21
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The Importance of Promoter Polymorphism Investigation. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2018; 2018:6192187. [PMID: 30406002 PMCID: PMC6204164 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6192187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was a key molecule in investigation of lung cancer, and it was a target for a new therapeutic strategy, based on molecular analyses. In this review, we have summarized some issues considering the role of EGFR in lung cancer, its coding gene, and its promoter gene polymorphisms (SNPs) -216G/T and -191C/A in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The position of the SNPs indicates their significant role in EGFR regulation. The accumulation of knowledge regarding SNPs lately suggests their significant and important role in the onset of carcinogenesis, the prediction of the onset of metastases, the response to therapy with TKI inhibitors, and the onset of toxic effects of the applied therapy. Based on this, we suggest further studies of the relationship of clinical significance to SNPs in patients with lung tumors.
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22
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TTF-1/Nkx2.1 functional connection with mutated EGFR relies on LRIG1 and β-catenin pathways in lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:1027-1031. [PMID: 30314701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In non-small lung cancer, the expression of the transcription factor TTF-1/Nkx2.1 correlates with the presence of EGFR mutations, therefore TTF-1/Nkx2.1 expression is used to optimize an EGFR testing strategy and to guide clinical treatment. We investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional connection between EGFR and TTF-1/Nkx2.1 gene expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Using the H1975 cell line as a non-small cell lung cancer model system and short hairpin RNA, we have selected clones with TTF-1/Nkx2.1 silenced expression. We have found that Leucine-rich immunoglobulin repeats-1 (LRIG1) gene is a direct target of TTF-1/Nkx2.1 and the transcription factor binding to the LRIG1 genomic sequence inhibits its gene expression. In TTF-1/Nkx2.1 depleted clones, we have found high levels of LRIG1 and decreased presence of EGFR protein. Furthermore, in TTF-1/Nkx2.1 depleted clones we detected a reduced β-catenin level and we provide experimental evidence indicating that TTF-1/Nkx2.1 gene expression is regulated by β-catenin. Published studies indicate that LRIG1 triggers EGFR degradation and that mutated EGFR induces β-catenin activity. Hence, with the present study we show that mutated EGFR, enhancing β-catenin, stimulates TTF-1/Nkx2.1 gene expression and, at the same time, TTF-1/Nkx2.1, down-regulating LRIG1, sustains EGFR pathway. Therefore, LRIG1 and β-catenin mediate the functional connection between TTF-1/Nkx2.1 and mutated EGFR.
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23
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Yu S, Yang M, Lim KM, Cho Y, Kim H, Lee K, Jeong SH, Coffey RJ, Goldenring JR, Nam KT. Expression of LRIG1, a Negative Regulator of EGFR, Is Dynamically Altered during Different Stages of Gastric Carcinogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:2912-2923. [PMID: 30248341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIG)-1 is a transmembrane protein that antagonizes epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in epithelial tissues. LRIG1 is down-regulated in various epithelial cancers, including bladder, breast, and colorectal cancer, suggesting that it functions as a tumor suppressor. However, its role in gastric carcinogenesis is not well understood. Here, we investigated the changes in LRIG1 expression during the stages of gastric cancer. We used a DMP-777-induced spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia mouse model and a tissue array of human gastric cancer lesions. The effects of LRIG1 knockdown were also assessed using the human gastric cancer cell line SNU638 in a xenograft model. LRIG1 expression varied over the course of gastric carcinogenesis, increasing in spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia lesions but disappearing in intestinal metaplasia and cancer lesions, and the increase was concurrent with the up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor. In addition, LRIG1 knockdown promoted the tumorigenic potential in vitro, which was manifested as increased proliferation, invasiveness, and migration as well as increased tumor size in vivo in the xenograft model. Furthermore, LRIG1 expression was determined to be a positive prognostic biomarker for the survival of gastric cancer patients. Collectively, our findings indicate that LRIG1 expression is closely related wto gastric carcinogenesis and may play a vital role as a tumor suppressor through the modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsook Yu
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijeong Yang
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Cho
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunwook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James R Goldenring
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Section of Surgical Science, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Magi S, Iwamoto K, Yumoto N, Hiroshima M, Nagashima T, Ohki R, Garcia-Munoz A, Volinsky N, Von Kriegsheim A, Sako Y, Takahashi K, Kimura S, Kholodenko BN, Okada-Hatakeyama M. Transcriptionally inducible Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1, attenuates ErbB receptor activity by inhibiting receptor oligomerization. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:2206-2218. [PMID: 29233889 PMCID: PMC5808779 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.778399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedback control is a key mechanism in signal transduction, intimately involved in regulating the outcome of the cellular response. Here, we report a novel mechanism by which PHLDA1, Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1, negatively regulates ErbB receptor signaling by inhibition of receptor oligomerization. We have found that the ErbB3 ligand, heregulin, induces PHILDA1 expression in MCF-7 cells. Transcriptionally-induced PHLDA1 protein directly binds to ErbB3, whereas knockdown of PHLDA1 increases complex formation between ErbB3 and ErbB2. To provide insight into the mechanism for our time-course and single-cell experimental observations, we performed a systematic computational search of network topologies of the mathematical models based on receptor dimer-tetramer formation in the ErbB activation processes. Our results indicate that only a model in which PHLDA1 inhibits formation of both dimers and tetramer can explain the experimental data. Predictions made from this model were further validated by single-molecule imaging experiments. Our studies suggest a unique regulatory feature of PHLDA1 to inhibit the ErbB receptor oligomerization process and thereby control the activity of receptor signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Magi
- From the Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- the Laboratory of Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazunari Iwamoto
- From the Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- the Laboratory of Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- the Laboratory for Biochemical Simulation and
| | - Noriko Yumoto
- From the Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Michio Hiroshima
- the Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Cell Signaling Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- the Division of Cell Proliferation, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Rieko Ohki
- the Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yasushi Sako
- the Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - Shuhei Kimura
- the Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University 4-101, Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Boris N Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland,
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, and
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland, and
| | - Mariko Okada-Hatakeyama
- From the Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan,
- the Laboratory of Cell Systems, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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25
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Caldieri G, Malabarba MG, Di Fiore PP, Sigismund S. EGFR Trafficking in Physiology and Cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 57:235-272. [PMID: 30097778 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96704-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Signaling from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) elicits multiple biological responses, including cell proliferation, migration, and survival. Receptor endocytosis and trafficking are critical physiological processes that control the strength, duration, diversification, and spatial restriction of EGFR signaling through multiple mechanisms, which we review in this chapter. These mechanisms include: (i) regulation of receptor density and activation at the cell surface; (ii) concentration of receptors into distinct nascent endocytic structures; (iii) commitment of the receptor to different endocytic routes; (iv) endosomal sorting and postendocytic trafficking of the receptor through distinct pathways, and (v) recycling to restricted regions of the cell surface. We also highlight how communication between organelles controls EGFR activity along the endocytic route. Finally, we illustrate how abnormal trafficking of EGFR oncogenic mutants, as well as alterations of the endocytic machinery, contributes to aberrant EGFR signaling in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Caldieri
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Malabarba
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Sigismund
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy.
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
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26
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EGFR feedback-inhibition by Ran-binding protein 6 is disrupted in cancer. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2035. [PMID: 29229958 PMCID: PMC5725448 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02185-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport of macromolecules through the nuclear pore by importins and exportins plays a critical role in the spatial regulation of protein activity. How cancer cells co-opt this process to promote tumorigenesis remains unclear. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a critical role in normal development and in human cancer. Here we describe a mechanism of EGFR regulation through the importin β family member RAN-binding protein 6 (RanBP6), a protein of hitherto unknown functions. We show that RanBP6 silencing impairs nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), reduces STAT3 binding to the EGFR promoter, results in transcriptional derepression of EGFR, and increased EGFR pathway output. Focal deletions of the RanBP6 locus on chromosome 9p were found in a subset of glioblastoma (GBM) and silencing of RanBP6 promoted glioma growth in vivo. Our results provide an example of EGFR deregulation in cancer through silencing of components of the nuclear import pathway.
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27
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Neben CL, Lo M, Jura N, Klein OD. Feedback regulation of RTK signaling in development. Dev Biol 2017; 447:71-89. [PMID: 29079424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Precise regulation of the amplitude and duration of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling is critical for the execution of cellular programs and behaviors. Understanding these control mechanisms has important implications for the field of developmental biology, and in recent years, the question of how augmentation or attenuation of RTK signaling via feedback loops modulates development has become of increasing interest. RTK feedback regulation is also important for human disease research; for example, germline mutations in genes that encode RTK signaling pathway components cause numerous human congenital syndromes, and somatic alterations contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases such as cancers. In this review, we survey regulators of RTK signaling that tune receptor activity and intracellular transduction cascades, with a focus on the roles of these genes in the developing embryo. We detail the diverse inhibitory mechanisms utilized by negative feedback regulators that, when lost or perturbed, lead to aberrant increases in RTK signaling. We also discuss recent biochemical and genetic insights into positive regulators of RTK signaling and how these proteins function in tandem with negative regulators to guide embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Neben
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco 94143, USA
| | - Megan Lo
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco 94143, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco 94143, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco 94143, USA.
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28
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Llewellyn A, Foey A. Probiotic Modulation of Innate Cell Pathogen Sensing and Signaling Events. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1156. [PMID: 29065562 PMCID: PMC5691772 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence documenting probiotic bacteria to have a beneficial effect to the host through their ability to modulate the mucosal immune system. Many probiotic bacteria can be considered to act as either immune activators or immune suppressors, which have appreciable influence on homeostasis, inflammatory- and suppressive-immunopathology. What is becoming apparent is the ability of these probiotics to modulate innate immune responses via direct or indirect effects on the signaling pathways that drive these activatory or suppressive/tolerogenic mechanisms. This review will focus on the immunomodulatory role of probiotics on signaling pathways in innate immune cells: from positive to negative regulation associated with innate immune cells driving gut mucosal functionality. Research investigations have shown probiotics to modulate innate functionality in many ways including, receptor antagonism, receptor expression, binding to and expression of adaptor proteins, expression of negative regulatory signal molecules, induction of micro-RNAs, endotoxin tolerisation and finally, the secretion of immunomodulatory proteins, lipids and metabolites. The detailed understanding of the immunomodulatory signaling effects of probiotic strains will facilitate strain-specific selective manipulation of innate cell signal mechanisms in the modulation of mucosal adjuvanticity, immune deviation and tolerisation in both healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory and suppressive pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Llewellyn
- School of Biomedical & Healthcare Sciences, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine & Dentistry, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
- Menzies School of Health Research, John Mathews Building (Building 58), Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, PO Box 41096, Casuarina NT0811, Australia.
| | - Andrew Foey
- School of Biomedical & Healthcare Sciences, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine & Dentistry, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
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29
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Sisto M, Lorusso L, Ingravallo G, Lisi S. Exocrine Gland Morphogenesis: Insights into the Role of Amphiregulin from Development to Disease. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 65:477-499. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-017-0478-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Neirinckx V, Hedman H, Niclou SP. Harnessing LRIG1-mediated inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:109-116. [PMID: 28259645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains containing protein 1 (LRIG1) is an endogenous feedback regulator of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and was recently shown to inhibit growth of different types of malignancies. Additionally, this multifaceted RTK inhibitor was reported to be a tumor suppressor, a stem cell regulator, and a modulator of different cellular phenotypes. This mini-review provides a concise and up-to-date summary about the known functions of LRIG1 and its related family members, with a special emphasis on underlying molecular mechanisms and the opportunities for harnessing its therapeutic potential against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Neirinckx
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1526, Luxembourg
| | - Hakan Hedman
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Simone P Niclou
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1526, Luxembourg; K.G. Jebsen Brain Tumour Research Centre, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
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31
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Zuo WL, Yang J, Gomi K, Chao I, Crystal RG, Shaykhiev R. EGF-Amphiregulin Interplay in Airway Stem/Progenitor Cells Links the Pathogenesis of Smoking-Induced Lesions in the Human Airway Epithelium. Stem Cells 2017; 35:824-837. [PMID: 27709733 PMCID: PMC5330845 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The airway epithelium of cigarette smokers undergoes dramatic remodeling with hyperplasia of basal cells (BC) and mucus-producing cells, squamous metaplasia, altered ciliated cell differentiation and decreased junctional barrier integrity, relevant to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. In this study, we show that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand amphiregulin (AREG) is induced by smoking in human airway epithelium as a result of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-driven squamous differentiation of airway BC stem/progenitor cells. In turn, AREG induced a unique EGFR activation pattern in human airway BC, distinct from that evoked by EGF, leading to BC- and mucous hyperplasia, altered ciliated cell differentiation and impaired barrier integrity. Further, AREG promoted its own expression and suppressed expression of EGF, establishing an autonomous self-amplifying signaling loop in airway BC relevant for promotion of EGF-independent hyperplastic phenotypes. Thus, EGF-AREG interplay in airway BC stem/progenitor cells is one of the mechanisms that mediates the interconnected pathogenesis of all major smoking-induced lesions in the human airway epithelium. Stem Cells 2017;35:824-837.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Lin Zuo
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kazunori Gomi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - IonWa Chao
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renat Shaykhiev
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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32
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In vivo oncogenic conflict triggered by co-existing KRAS and EGFR activating mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2016; 36:2309-2318. [PMID: 27775074 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Activating mutations in KRAS and EGFR, the two most frequent oncogenes in human lung adenocarcinoma, are mutually exclusive, a phenotype attributed to functional redundancy implying lack of positive selection. Employing a mouse model expressing EGFRL858R in advanced KrasG12V-driven tumors we show that their mutual exclusivity can be explained by detrimental effects of their co-expression in lung adenocarcinoma. In vivo, expression of EGFRL858R in KrasG12V-driven tumors triggers replicative stress and apoptosis, while the surviving cells enter a transient cytostatic state incompatible with tumor development that is fully reversible upon discontinued EGFRL858R expression. Eventually, sustained expression of both mutants induces attenuation of oncogenic signaling to levels compatible with proliferation and tumor growth resulting in high sensitivity to Mek inhibition. Our results indicate that the mutual exclusivity of KRAS and EGFR mutations occurs as a combination of cellular toxicity and signal adjustment resulting in lack of selective advantage for cells expressing both oncogenes.
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33
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Sun M, Cai J, Anderson RA, Sun Y. Type I γ Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate 5-Kinase i5 Controls the Ubiquitination and Degradation of the Tumor Suppressor Mitogen-inducible Gene 6. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21461-21473. [PMID: 27557663 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.736041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig6) is a tumor suppressor, and the disruption of Mig6 expression is associated with cancer development. Mig6 directly interacts with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to suppress the activation and downstream signaling of EGFR. Therefore, loss of Mig6 enhances EGFR-mediated signaling and promotes EGFR-dependent carcinogenesis. The molecular mechanism modulating Mig6 expression in cancer remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that type I γ phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5-kinase i5 (PIPKIγi5), an enzyme producing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2), stabilizes Mig6 expression. Knockdown of PIPKIγi5 leads to the loss of Mig6 expression, which dramatically enhances and prolongs EGFR-mediated cell signaling. Loss of PIPKIγi5 significantly promotes Mig6 protein degradation via proteasomes, but it does not affect the Mig6 mRNA level. PIPKIγi5 directly interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligase neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4-1 (NEDD4-1). The C-terminal domain of PIPKIγi5 and the WW1 and WW2 domains of NEDD4-1 are required for their interaction. The C2 domain of NEDD4-1 is required for its interaction with PtdIns(4,5)P2 By binding with NEDD4-1 and producing PtdIns(4,5)P2, PIPKIγi5 perturbs NEDD4-1-mediated Mig6 ubiquitination and the subsequent proteasomal degradation. Thus, loss of NEDD4-1 can rescue Mig6 expression in PIPKIγi5 knockdown cells. In this way, PIPKIγi5, NEDD4-1, and Mig6 form a novel molecular nexus that controls EGFR activation and downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Sun
- From the Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298 and
| | - Jinyang Cai
- From the Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298 and
| | - Richard A Anderson
- the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Yue Sun
- From the Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298 and
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34
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Kawasaki Y, Sakimura A, Park CM, Tomaru R, Tanaka T, Ozawa T, Zhou Y, Narita K, Kishi H, Muraguchi A, Sakurai H. Feedback control of ErbB2 via ERK-mediated phosphorylation of a conserved threonine in the juxtamembrane domain. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31502. [PMID: 27531070 PMCID: PMC4987620 DOI: 10.1038/srep31502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase activity of the asymmetric EGFR homodimer is negatively regulated via ERK-mediated phosphorylation of Thr-669 in the juxtamembrane domain. In the present study, we investigated in human breast cancer cells whether a similar mechanism plays a role in the feedback regulation of the ErbB2/ErbB3 heterodimer, the most potent ErbB receptor dimer. Constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB2 and ErbB3 was significantly decreased in phorbol ester- and growth factor-treated BT-474 and MDA-MB-453 cells. In contrast to the decreased tyrosine phosphorylation, Phos-tag Western blot analysis revealed that TPA induced phosphorylation of ErbB2 in an ERK-dependent manner. The target threonine residue corresponding to EGFR Thr-669 and the surrounding residues are highly conserved in ErbB2, but not in ErbB3. Therefore, we demonstrated ERK-mediated phosphorylation of ErbB2 at Thr-677 by generating phospho-specific monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, treatment with trametinib and SCH772984, inhibitors of the MEK-ERK pathway, and substitution of Thr-677 to alanine impaired the feedback inhibition of ErbB2 and ErbB3. These results demonstrated that ERK-mediated phosphorylation of the conserved threonine is a common mechanism for the negative feedback control of active ErbB receptor dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawasaki
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sakimura
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Chul Min Park
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Rika Tomaru
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kaori Narita
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Atsushi Muraguchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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35
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Li FX, Liu Y, Miao XP, Fu GQ, Curry TE. Expression and regulation of the differentiation regulators ERBB Receptor Feedback Inhibitor 1 (ERRFI1) and Interferon-related Developmental Regulator 1 (IFRD1) during the periovulatory period in the rat ovary. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:714-23. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-xue Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Ying Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Xiao-ping Miao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Guo-quan Fu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Thomas E. Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandler Medical Center; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
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36
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Büttner R, Berndt A, Valkova C, Richter P, Korn A, Kosan C, Liebmann C. Myofibroblasts have an impact on expression, dimerization and signaling of different ErbB receptors in OSCC cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2016; 37:25-37. [PMID: 27051967 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2016.1155066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Receptors of the ErbB family belong to the key players in cancer development and are targets of several therapeutic approaches. Their functional dependency on the tumor microenvironment, especially on CAFs is albeit still poorly understood. Our objective was to investigate the impact of CAF secretome on ErbB receptor expression and signaling behavior in OSCC. METHODS Stimulation of PE/CA-PJ15 OSCC cells with conditioned media of TGF-β1-activated fibroblasts was used as model system for CAF to cancer cell communication. Thereby costimulation with inhibitors against matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK), phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3-K), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) or knockdown of Her3 by siRNA was utilized for detailed investigation of the expression, dimerization and signaling pattern of ErbB in western blot and coimmunoprecipitation. RESULTS Our results show that soluble factors in activated fibroblast secretome stimulate metalloproteinase activity in the membrane of cancer cells. Thereby ligands are released that activate EGFR and subsequently upregulates EGFR expression via the STAT3 pathway. Simultaneously, the expression of PKCɛ was enhanced via a PI3-kinase/Akt-mediated pathway and a negative feedback regulation loop on EGFR downstream signaling generated. Furthermore, the activated fibroblasts secretome stimulated the highly oncogenic hetero-dimerization between HER3 and p95HER2. That protein association is inversely dependent on the expression level of HER3. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the activated fibroblasts secretome can induce a counterbalanced regulation of protein expression, downstream signaling and the dimerization patterns of different ErbB receptor subtypes in the cancer cell. Thus, the combinatorial targeting of CAFs and selective ErbB receptor subtype inhibitors may provide a useful approach in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Büttner
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany.,b Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute , >Jena > , Germany
| | - Alexander Berndt
- c Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany , and
| | - Christina Valkova
- b Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute , >Jena > , Germany
| | - Petra Richter
- c Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany , and
| | - Alexander Korn
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany.,d Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University Hospital , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Christian Kosan
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Claus Liebmann
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany
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Nguyen LK, Kholodenko BN. Feedback regulation in cell signalling: Lessons for cancer therapeutics. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 50:85-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang Y, Surzenko N, Friday WB, Zeisel SH. Maternal dietary intake of choline in mice regulates development of the cerebral cortex in the offspring. FASEB J 2015; 30:1566-78. [PMID: 26700730 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-282426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diets low in choline, an essential nutrient, increase the risk of neural tube defects and lead to low performance on cognitive tests in children. However, the consequences of maternal dietary choline deficiency for the development and structural organization of the cerebral cortex remain unknown. In this study, we fed mouse dams either control (CT) or low-choline (LC) diets and investigated the effects of choline on cortical development in the offspring. As a result of a low choline supply between embryonic day (E)11 and E17 of gestation, the number of 2 types of cortical neural progenitor cells (NPCs)-radial glial cells and intermediate progenitor cells-was reduced in fetal brains (P< 0.01). Furthermore, the number of upper layer cortical neurons was decreased in the offspring of dams fed an LC diet at both E17 (P< 0.001) and 4 mo of age (P< 0.001). These effects of LC maternal diet were mediated by a decrease in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in NPCs related to the disruption of EGFR posttranscriptional regulation. Our findings describe a novel mechanism whereby low maternal dietary intake of choline alters brain development.-Wang, Y., Surzenko, N., Friday, W. B., Zeisel, S. H. Maternal dietary intake of choline in mice regulates development of the cerebral cortex in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- *Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA, Department of Medical Genetics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Natalia Surzenko
- *Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA, Department of Medical Genetics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Walter B Friday
- *Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA, Department of Medical Genetics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven H Zeisel
- *Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA, Department of Medical Genetics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Fujimoto I, Hasegawa K, Fujiwara K, Yamada M, Yoshikawa K. Necdin controls EGFR signaling linked to astrocyte differentiation in primary cortical progenitor cells. Cell Signal 2015; 28:94-107. [PMID: 26655377 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellular signaling mediated by the EGF receptor (EGFR) plays a key role in controlling proliferation and differentiation of cortical progenitor cells (CPCs). However, regulatory mechanisms of EGFR signaling in CPCs remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that necdin, a MAGE (melanoma antigen) family protein, interacts with EGFR in primary CPCs and represses its downstream signaling linked to astrocyte differentiation. EGFR was autophosphorylated and interacted with necdin in EGF-stimulated CPCs. Necdin bound to autophosphorylated EGFR via its tyrosine kinase domain. EGF-induced phosphorylation of ERK was enhanced in necdin-null CPCs, where the interaction between EGFR and the adaptor protein Grb2 was strengthened, suggesting that endogenous necdin suppresses the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway in CPCs. In necdin-null CPCs, astrocyte differentiation induced by the gliogenic cytokine cardiotrophin-1 was significantly accelerated in the presence of EGF, and inhibition of EGFR/ERK signaling abolished the acceleration. Furthermore, necdin strongly suppressed astrocyte differentiation induced by overexpression of EGFR or its ligand binding-defective mutant equivalent to a glioblastoma-associated EGFR variant. These results suggest that necdin acts as an intrinsic suppressor of the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway in EGF-responsive CPCs to restrain astroglial development in a cell-autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazushiro Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamada
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshikawa
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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40
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HORNG CHITING, YANG JAISING, CHIANG JOHUA, LU CHICHENG, LEE CHIUFANG, CHIANG NINA, CHEN FUAN. Inhibitory effects of tetrandrine on epidermal growth factor-induced invasion and migration in HT29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1003-9. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Bolijn S, Lucassen PJ. How the Body Talks to the Brain; Peripheral Mediators of Physical Activity-Induced Proliferation in the Adult Hippocampus. Brain Plast 2015; 1:5-27. [PMID: 29765833 PMCID: PMC5939189 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-150020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the hippocampal dentate gyrus, stem cells maintain the capacity to produce new neurons into adulthood. These adult-generated neurons become fully functional and are incorporated into the existing hippocampal circuit. The process of adult neurogenesis contributes to hippocampal functioning and is influenced by various environmental, hormonal and disease-related factors. One of the most potent stimuli of neurogenesis is physical activity (PA). While the bodily and peripheral changes of PA are well known, e.g. in relation to diet or cardiovascular conditions, little is known about which of these also exert central effects on the brain. Here, we discuss PA-induced changes in peripheral mediators that can modify hippocampal proliferation, and address changes with age, sex or PA duration/intensity. Of the many peripheral factors known to be triggered by PA, serotonin, FGF-2, IGF-1, VEGF, β-endorphin and adiponectin are best known for their stimulatory effects on hippocampal proliferation. Interestingly, while age negatively affects hippocampal proliferation per se, also the PA-induced response to most of these peripheral mediators is reduced and particularly the response to IGF-1 and NPY strongly declines with age. Sex differences per se have generally little effects on PA-induced neurogenesis. Compared to short term exercise, long term PA may negatively affect proliferation, due to a parallel decline in FGF-2 and the β-endorphin receptor, and an activation of the stress system particularly during conditions of prolonged exercise but this depends on other variables as well and remains a matter of discussion. Taken together, of many possible mediators, serotonin, FGF-2, IGF-1, VEGF, β-endorphin and adiponectin are the ones that most strongly contribute to the central effects of PA on the hippocampus. For a subgroup of these factors, brain sensitivity and responsivity is reduced with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bolijn
- Centre for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Centre for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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42
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Anastasi S, Lamberti D, Alemà S, Segatto O. Regulation of the ErbB network by the MIG6 feedback loop in physiology, tumor suppression and responses to oncogene-targeted therapeutics. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 50:115-24. [PMID: 26456277 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The ErbB signaling network instructs the execution of key cellular programs, such as cell survival, proliferation and motility, through the generation of robust signals of defined strength and duration. In contrast, unabated ErbB signaling disrupts tissue homeostasis and leads to cell transformation. Cells oppose the threat inherent in excessive ErbB activity through several mechanisms of negative feedback regulation. Inducible feedback inhibitors (IFIs) are expressed in the context of transcriptional responses triggered by ErbB signaling, thus being uniquely suited to regulate ErbB activity during the execution of complex cellular programs. This review focuses on MIG6, an IFI that restrains ErbB signaling by mediating ErbB kinase suppression and receptor down-regulation. We will review key issues in MIG6 function, regulation and tumor suppressor activity. Subsequently, the role for MIG6 loss in the pathogenesis of tumors driven by ErbB oncogenes as well as in the generation of cellular addiction to ErbB signaling will be discussed. We will conclude by analyzing feedback inhibition by MIG6 in the context of therapies directed against ErbB and non-ErbB oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Anastasi
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Dante Lamberti
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Alemà
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR, 00016 Monterotondo, Italy.
| | - Oreste Segatto
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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Wendt MK, Williams WK, Pascuzzi PE, Balanis NG, Schiemann BJ, Carlin CR, Schiemann WP. The antitumorigenic function of EGFR in metastatic breast cancer is regulated by expression of Mig6. Neoplasia 2015; 17:124-33. [PMID: 25622905 PMCID: PMC4309683 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies by our lab and others demonstrate that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays critical roles in primary breast cancer (BC) initiation, growth and dissemination. However, clinical trials targeting EGFR function in BC have lead to disappointing results. In the current study we sought to identify the mechanisms responsible for this disparity by investigating the function of EGFR across the continuum of the metastatic cascade. We previously established that overexpression of EGFR is sufficient for formation of in situ primary tumors by otherwise nontransformed murine mammary gland cells. Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is sufficient to drive the metastasis of these EGFR-transformed tumors. Examining growth factor receptor expression across this and other models revealed a potent downregulation of EGFR through metastatic progression. Consistent with diminution of EGFR following EMT and metastasis EGF stimulation changes from a proliferative to an apoptotic response in in situ versus metastatic tumor cells, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of EGFR in metastatic MDA-MB-231 BC cells promoted their antitumorigenic response to EGF in three dimensional (3D) metastatic outgrowth assays. In line with the paradoxical function of EGFR through EMT and metastasis we demonstrate that the EGFR inhibitory molecule, Mitogen Induced Gene-6 (Mig6), is tumor suppressive in in situ tumor cells. However, Mig6 expression is absolutely required for prevention of apoptosis and ultimate metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Further understanding of the paradoxical function of EGFR between primary and metastatic tumors will be essential for application of its targeted molecular therapies in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Wendt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
| | - Whitney K Williams
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Pete E Pascuzzi
- Purdue University Libraries, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Nikolas G Balanis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Barbara J Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Cathleen R Carlin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - William P Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
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Darr J, Klochendler A, Isaac S, Geiger T, Geiger T, Eden A. Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals Smarcb1 dependent EGFR signaling in Malignant Rhabdoid tumor cells. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:167. [PMID: 26370283 PMCID: PMC4570560 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SWI/SNF ATP dependent chromatin remodeling complex is a multi-subunit complex, conserved in eukaryotic evolution that facilitates nucleosomal re-positioning relative to the DNA sequence. In recent years the SWI/SNF complex has emerged to play a role in cancer development as various sub-units of the complex are found to be mutated in a variety of tumors. One core-subunit of the complex, which has been well established as a tumor suppressor gene is SMARCB1 (SNF5/INI1/BAF47). Mutation and inactivation of SMARCB1 have been identified as the underlying mechanism leading to Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors (MRT) and Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors (AT/RT), two highly aggressive forms of pediatric neoplasms. METHODS We present a phosphoproteomic study of Smarcb1 dependent changes in signaling networks. The SILAC (Stable Isotopic Labeling of Amino Acids in Cell Culture) protocol was used to quantify in an unbiased manner any changes in the phosphoproteomic profile of Smarcb1 deficient murine rhabdoid tumor cell lines following Smarcb1 stable re-expression and under different serum conditions. RESULTS This study illustrates broad changes in the regulation of multiple biological networks including cell cycle progression, chromatin remodeling, cytoskeletal regulation and focal adhesion. Specifically, we identify Smarcb1 dependent changes in phosphorylation and expression of the EGF receptor, demonstrate downstream signaling and show that inhibition of EGFR signaling specifically hinders the proliferation of Smarcb1 deficient cells. CONCLUSIONS These results support recent findings regarding the effectivity of EGFR inhibitors in hindering the proliferation of human MRT cells and demonstrate that activation of EGFR signaling in Rhabdoid tumors is SMARCB1 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Darr
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Agnes Klochendler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Sara Isaac
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Tami Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Amir Eden
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Park E, Kim N, Ficarro SB, Zhang Y, Lee BI, Cho A, Kim K, Park AK, Park WY, Murray B, Meyerson M, Beroukhim R, Marto JA, Cho J, Eck MJ. Structure and mechanism of activity-based inhibition of the EGF receptor by Mig6. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2015; 22:703-711. [PMID: 26280531 PMCID: PMC4790445 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mig6 is a feedback inhibitor that directly binds, inhibits and drives internalization of ErbB-family receptors. Mig6 selectively targets activated receptors. Here we found that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylates Mig6 on Y394 and that this phosphorylation is primed by prior phosphorylation of an adjacent residue, Y395, by Src. Crystal structures of human EGFR-Mig6 complexes reveal the structural basis for enhanced phosphorylation of primed Mig6 and show how Mig6 rearranges after phosphorylation by EGFR to effectively irreversibly inhibit the same receptor that catalyzed its phosphorylation. This dual phosphorylation site allows Mig6 to inactivate EGFR in a manner that requires activation of the target receptor and that can be modulated by Src. Loss of Mig6 is a driving event in human cancer; analysis of 1,057 gliomas reveals frequent focal deletions of ERRFI1, the gene that encodes Mig6, in EGFR-amplified glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Park
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Scott B. Ficarro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Byung Il Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Ahye Cho
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihong Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Angela K.J. Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Matthew Meyerson
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jarrod A. Marto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jeonghee Cho
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J. Eck
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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Bon H, Wadhwa K, Schreiner A, Osborne M, Carroll T, Ramos-Montoya A, Ross-Adams H, Visser M, Hoffmann R, Ahmed AA, Neal DE, Mills IG. Salt-inducible kinase 2 regulates mitotic progression and transcription in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:620-635. [PMID: 25548099 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0182-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) is a multifunctional kinase of the AMPK family that plays a role in CREB1-mediated gene transcription and was recently reported to have therapeutic potential in ovarian cancer. The expression of this kinase was investigated in prostate cancer clinical specimens. Interestingly, auto-antibodies against SIK2 were increased in the plasma of patients with aggressive disease. Examination of SIK2 in prostate cancer cells found that it functions both as a positive regulator of cell-cycle progression and a negative regulator of CREB1 activity. Knockdown of SIK2 inhibited cell growth, delayed cell-cycle progression, induced cell death, and enhanced CREB1 activity. Expression of a kinase-dead mutant of SIK2 also inhibited cell growth, induced cell death, and enhanced CREB1 activity. Treatment with a small-molecule SIK2 inhibitor (ARN-3236), currently in preclinical development, also led to enhanced CREB1 activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Because CREB1 is a transcription factor and proto-oncogene, it was posited that the effects of SIK2 on cell proliferation and viability might be mediated by changes in gene expression. To test this, gene expression array profiling was performed and while SIK2 knockdown or overexpression of the kinase-dead mutant affected established CREB1 target genes; the overlap with transcripts regulated by forskolin (FSK), the adenylate cyclase/CREB1 pathway activator, was incomplete. IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates that targeting SIK2 genetically or therapeutically will have pleiotropic effects on cell-cycle progression and transcription factor activation, which should be accounted for when characterizing SIK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Bon
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Karan Wadhwa
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Alexander Schreiner
- Microscopy and Imaging Core, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Michelle Osborne
- Genomics Core, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 ORE, UK
| | - Thomas Carroll
- Bioinformatics Core, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | | | - Helen Ross-Adams
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Matthieu Visser
- Health Care Innovation, Philips Research, Eidhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Molecular Diagnostics, Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Ashour Ahmed
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS and Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David E Neal
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.,Department of Urology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Uro-oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.,Department of Urology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Prevention, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.,Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, N-0349, Oslo, Norway
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Lee JC, Park BK, Choung S, Kim JM, Joung KH, Lee JH, Kim KS, Kim HJ, Jeong JW, Rhee SD, Ku BJ. Amelioration of hypercholesterolemia by an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor in mice with liver-specific knockout of Mig-6. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114782. [PMID: 25486251 PMCID: PMC4259477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig-6) is a negative feedback inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. We previously found that Mig-6 plays a critical role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis and in bile acid synthesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of EGFR inhibition to identify a potential new treatment target for hypercholesterolemia. We used a mouse model with conditional ablation of the Mig-6 gene in the liver (Albcre/+Mig-6f/f; Mig-6d/d) to effectively investigate the role of Mig-6 in the regulation of liver function. Mig-6d/d mice were treated with either the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib or statin for 6 weeks after administration of a high-fat or standard diet. We then compared lipid profiles and other parameters among each group of mice. After a high-fat diet, Mig-6d/d mice showed elevated serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose, characteristics resembling hypercholesterolemia in diabetic patients. We observed decreases in serum levels of lipids and glucose in high-fat-diet-fed Mig-6d/d mice after 6 weeks of treatment with gefitinib or statin. Furthermore gefitinib-treated mice showed significantly greater decreases in serum levels of total, HDL and LDL cholesterol compared with statin-treated mice. Taken together, these results suggest that EGFR inhibition is effective for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in high-fat-diet-fed Mig-6d/d mice, and our findings provide new insights into the development of possible treatment targets for hypercholesterolemia via modulation of EGFR inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Choul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Veterans Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byung Kil Park
- Department of Drug Development and Discovery, Graduate School of New Drug Development and Discovery, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sorim Choung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sang Dal Rhee
- Department of Drug Development and Discovery, Graduate School of New Drug Development and Discovery, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
- Research Center for Drug Discovery Technology, Division of Drug Discovery Research, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail: (SDR); (BJK)
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail: (SDR); (BJK)
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Shepard JB, Jeong JW, Maihle NJ, O'Brien S, Dealy CN. Transient anabolic effects accompany epidermal growth factor receptor signal activation in articular cartilage in vivo. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 15:R60. [PMID: 23705804 PMCID: PMC4060279 DOI: 10.1186/ar4233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Signals from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have typically been considered to provide catabolic activities in articular cartilage, and accordingly have been suggested to have a causal role in osteoarthritis progression. The aim of this study was to determine in vivo roles for endogenous EGFR signal activation in articular cartilage. Methods Transgenic mice with conditional, limb-targeted deletion of the endogenous intracellular EGFR inhibitor Mig-6 were generated using CreLoxP (Mig-6-flox; Prx1Cre) recombination. Histology, histochemical staining and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm activation of EGFR signaling in the articular cartilage and joints, and to analyze phenotypic consequences of Mig-6 loss on articular cartilage morphology, proliferation, expression of progenitor cell markers, presence of chondrocyte hypertrophy and degradation of articular cartilage matrix. Results The articular cartilage of Mig-6-conditional knockout (Mig-6-cko) mice was dramatically and significantly thicker than normal articular cartilage at 6 and 12 weeks of age. Mig-6-cko articular cartilage contained a population of chondrocytes in which EGFR signaling was activated, and which were three to four times more proliferative than normal Mig-6-flox articular chondrocytes. These cells expressed high levels of the master chondrogenic regulatory factor Sox9, as well as high levels of putative progenitor cell markers including superficial zone protein (SZP), growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) and Notch1. Expression levels were also high for activated β-catenin and the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) mediators phospho-Smad2/3 (pSmad2/3). Anabolic effects of EGFR activation in articular cartilage were followed by catabolic events, including matrix degradation, as determined by accumulation of aggrecan cleavage fragments, and onset of hypertrophy as determined by type × collagen expression. By 16 weeks of age, the articular cartilage of Mig-6-cko knees was no longer thickened and was degenerating. Conclusions These results demonstrate unexpected anabolic effects of EGFR signal activation in articular cartilage, and suggest the hypothesis that these effects may promote the expansion and/or activity of an endogenous EGFR-responsive cell population within the articular cartilage.
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Lauriola M, Enuka Y, Zeisel A, D'Uva G, Roth L, Sharon-Sevilla M, Lindzen M, Sharma K, Nevo N, Feldman M, Carvalho S, Cohen-Dvashi H, Kedmi M, Ben-Chetrit N, Chen A, Solmi R, Wiemann S, Schmitt F, Domany E, Yarden Y. Diurnal suppression of EGFR signalling by glucocorticoids and implications for tumour progression and treatment. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5073. [PMID: 25278152 PMCID: PMC4205848 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and nuclear receptors for steroid hormones is essential for body homeostasis, but the cross-talk between these receptor families is poorly understood. We observed that glucocorticoids inhibit signalling downstream of EGFR, an RTK. The underlying mechanism entails suppression of EGFR's positive feedback loops and simultaneous triggering of negative feedback loops that normally restrain EGFR. Our studies in mice reveal that the regulation of EGFR's feedback loops by glucocorticoids translates to circadian control of EGFR signalling: EGFR signals are suppressed by high glucocorticoids during the active phase (night-time in rodents), while EGFR signals are enhanced during the resting phase. Consistent with this pattern, treatment of animals bearing EGFR-driven tumours with a specific kinase inhibitor was more effective if administered during the resting phase of the day, when glucocorticoids are low. These findings support a circadian clock-based paradigm in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Lauriola
- 1] Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel [2] Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Yehoshua Enuka
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Amit Zeisel
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lee Roth
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michal Sharon-Sevilla
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Moshit Lindzen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kirti Sharma
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nava Nevo
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Morris Feldman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Silvia Carvalho
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hadas Cohen-Dvashi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Merav Kedmi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Nir Ben-Chetrit
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Rossella Solmi
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Bologna University, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4 [3] IPATIMUP, University of Porto, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Eytan Domany
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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50
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Levovitz C, Chen D, Ivansson E, Gyllensten U, Finnigan JP, Alshawish S, Zhang W, Schadt EE, Posner MR, Genden EM, Boffetta P, Sikora AG. TGFβ receptor 1: an immune susceptibility gene in HPV-associated cancer. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6833-44. [PMID: 25273091 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0602-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Only a minority of those exposed to human papillomavirus (HPV) develop HPV-related cervical and oropharyngeal cancer. Because host immunity affects infection and progression to cancer, we tested the hypothesis that genetic variation in immune-related genes is a determinant of susceptibility to oropharyngeal cancer and other HPV-associated cancers by performing a multitier integrative computational analysis with oropharyngeal cancer data from a head and neck cancer genome-wide association study (GWAS). Independent analyses, including single-gene, gene-interconnectivity, protein-protein interaction, gene expression, and pathway analysis, identified immune genes and pathways significantly associated with oropharyngeal cancer. TGFβR1, which intersected all tiers of analysis and thus selected for validation, replicated significantly in the head and neck cancer GWAS limited to HPV-seropositive cases and an independent cervical cancer GWAS. The TGFβR1 containing p38-MAPK pathway was significantly associated with oropharyngeal cancer and cervical cancer, and TGFβR1 was overexpressed in oropharyngeal cancer, cervical cancer, and HPV(+) head and neck cancer tumors. These concordant analyses implicate TGFβR1 signaling as a process dysregulated across HPV-related cancers. This study demonstrates that genetic variation in immune-related genes is associated with susceptibility to oropharyngeal cancer and implicates TGFβR1/TGFβ signaling in the development of both oropharyngeal cancer and cervical cancer. Better understanding of the immunogenetic basis of susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers may provide insight into host/virus interactions and immune processes dysregulated in the minority of HPV-exposed individuals who progress to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaya Levovitz
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Dan Chen
- SciLifeLab Uppsala, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emma Ivansson
- SciLifeLab Uppsala, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- SciLifeLab Uppsala, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John P Finnigan
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sara Alshawish
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Mount Sinai Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Mount Sinai Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, New York, New York
| | - Marshal R Posner
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Eric M Genden
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York.
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