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Xing X, Que X, Zheng S, Wang S, Song Q, Yao Y, Zhang P. Emerging roles of FOXK2 in cancers and metabolic disorders. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1376496. [PMID: 38741782 PMCID: PMC11089157 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1376496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
FOXK2, a member of the Forkhead box K (FOXK) transcription factor family, is widely expressed in various tissues and organs throughout the body. FOXK2 plays crucial roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, autophagy, de novo nucleotide biosynthesis, DNA damage response, and aerobic glycolysis. Although FOXK2 is recognized as an oncogene in colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, it acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, cervical cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review provides an overview of the recent progress in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of FOXK2 and its downstream targets, highlights the significant impact of FOXK2 dysregulation on cancer etiology, and discusses the potential of targeting FOXK2 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingfeng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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2
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LIU SS, GUO HY, ZHU J, MA JL, LIU SZ, HE KL, BIAN SY. Circulating circRNA expression profile and its potential role in late recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation post catheter ablation. J Geriatr Cardiol 2023; 20:788-800. [PMID: 38098469 PMCID: PMC10716615 DOI: 10.26599/1671-5411.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter-based pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an effective and well-established intervention for symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Nevertheless, late recurrences of atrial fibrillation (LRAF) occurring during 3 to 12 months are common, and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in atrial tissue have been linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms and progression of PAF in a few studies. However, their expression patterns in peripheral blood and regulatory function in LRAF are not clear. METHODS In the present study, the expression profile of circulating circRNAs in three paired nonvalvular PAF patients with or without LRAF was investigated by high-throughput sequencing and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and circRNA/miRNA regulatory network, were performed to predict the functions and potential regulatory roles of differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs. RESULTS A total of 12,834 circRNAs, comprising 5,491 down-regulated and 7,343 up-regulated circRNAs, were found to be DE in blood smaples from the two groups in peripheral blood between LRAF and non-recurrence control individuals. The most enriched GO categories in terms of molecular function, biological process, and cellular component features were catalytic activity, cellular metabolic process, and intracellular part, respectively. The KEGG enrichment study revealed that the most important metabolic process controlled by DE circRNAs is endocytosis. In the circRNA/microRNAs interaction network, four up-regulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0002665, hsa_circ_0001953, hsa_circ_0003831, and hsa_circ_0040533) and one down-regulated circRNA (hsa_circ_0041103) were predicted to play potential regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of LRAF. CONCLUSIONS This investigation discovered the expression pattern of circulating circRNAs that is indicative of PAF late recurrence, which may serve as risk markers or therapeutic targets for LRAF after PVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan LIU
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yang GUO
- Department of Cardiology, the Six Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian ZHU
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Ling MA
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sai-Zhe LIU
- Department of Cardiology, the Six Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kun-Lun HE
- Medical Big Data Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Yan BIAN
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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3
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Sierra-Pagan JE, Dsouza N, Das S, Larson TA, Sorensen JR, Ma X, Stan P, Wanberg EJ, Shi X, Garry MG, Gong W, Garry DJ. FOXK1 regulates Wnt signalling to promote cardiogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1728-1739. [PMID: 37036809 PMCID: PMC10325700 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common genetic birth defect, which has considerable morbidity and mortality. We focused on deciphering key regulators that govern cardiac progenitors and cardiogenesis. FOXK1 is a forkhead/winged helix transcription factor known to regulate cell cycle kinetics and is restricted to mesodermal progenitors, somites, and heart. In the present study, we define an essential role for FOXK1 during cardiovascular development. METHODS AND RESULTS We used the mouse embryoid body system to differentiate control and Foxk1 KO embryonic stem cells into mesodermal, cardiac progenitor cells and mature cardiac cells. Using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, cardiac beating, transcriptional and chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, bulk RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATACseq) analyses, FOXK1 was observed to be an important regulator of cardiogenesis. Flow cytometry analyses revealed perturbed cardiogenesis in Foxk1 KO embryoid bodies (EBs). Bulk RNAseq analysis at two developmental stages showed a significant reduction of the cardiac molecular program in Foxk1 KO EBs compared to the control EBs. ATACseq analysis during EB differentiation demonstrated that the chromatin landscape nearby known important regulators of cardiogenesis was significantly relaxed in control EBs compared to Foxk1 KO EBs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in the absence of FOXK1, cardiac differentiation was markedly impaired by assaying for cardiac Troponin T expression and cardiac contractility. We demonstrate that FOXK1 is an important regulator of cardiogenesis by repressing the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and thereby promoting differentiation. CONCLUSION These results identify FOXK1 as an essential transcriptional and epigenetic regulator of cardiovascular development. Mechanistically, FOXK1 represses Wnt signalling to promote the development of cardiac progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier E Sierra-Pagan
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nikita Dsouza
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Satyabrata Das
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Thijs A Larson
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jacob R Sorensen
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Xiao Ma
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Patricia Stan
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Erik J Wanberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Xiaozhong Shi
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Mary G Garry
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th Street SE Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware ST SE Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wuming Gong
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daniel J Garry
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River ParkwayVCRC 1st Floor, Suite 131 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th Street SE Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware ST SE Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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4
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Gong W, Dsouza N, Garry DJ. SeATAC: a tool for exploring the chromatin landscape and the role of pioneer factors. Genome Biol 2023; 24:125. [PMID: 37218013 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02954-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) reveals chromatin accessibility across the genome. Currently, no method specifically detects differential chromatin accessibility. Here, SeATAC uses a conditional variational autoencoder model to learn the latent representation of ATAC-seq V-plots and outperforms MACS2 and NucleoATAC on six separate tasks. Applying SeATAC to several pioneer factor-induced differentiation or reprogramming ATAC-seq datasets suggests that induction of these factors not only relaxes the closed chromatin but also decreases chromatin accessibility of 20% to 30% of their target sites. SeATAC is a novel tool to accurately reveal genomic regions with differential chromatin accessibility from ATAC-seq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuming Gong
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, 2231 6Th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Nikita Dsouza
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Daniel J Garry
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, 2231 6Th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Li X, Lu J, Liu L, Li F, Xu T, Chen L, Yan Z, Li Y, Guo W. FOXK1 regulates malignant progression and radiosensitivity through direct transcriptional activation of CDC25A and CDK4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7737. [PMID: 37173384 PMCID: PMC10182098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a serious malignancy with poor prognosis, necessitating identification of oncogenic mechanisms for novel therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of the transcription factor forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) in diverse biological processes and carcinogenesis of multiple malignancies, including ESCC. However, the molecular pathways underlying FOXK1's role in ESCC progression are not fully understood, and its potential role in radiosensitivity remains unclear. Here, we aimed to elucidate the function of FOXK1 in ESCC and explore the underlying mechanisms. Elevated FOXK1 expression levels were found in ESCC cells and tissues, positively correlated with TNM stage, invasion depth, and lymph node metastasis. FOXK1 markedly enhanced the proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities of ESCC cells. Furthermore, silencing FOXK1 resulted in heightened radiosensitivity by impeding DNA damage repair, inducing G1 arrest, and promoting apoptosis. Subsequent studies demonstrated that FOXK1 directly bound to the promoter regions of CDC25A and CDK4, thereby activating their transcription in ESCC cells. Moreover, the biological effects mediated by FOXK1 overexpression could be reversed by knockdown of either CDC25A or CDK4. Collectively, FOXK1, along with its downstream target genes CDC25A and CDK4, may serve as a promising set of therapeutic and radiosensitizing targets for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Juntao Lu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tongxin Xu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Liying Chen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
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Liu ZJ, Zhu CF. Causal relationship between insulin resistance and sarcopenia. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:46. [PMID: 36918975 PMCID: PMC10015682 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a multifactorial disease characterized by reduced muscle mass and function, leading to disability, death, and other diseases. Recently, the prevalence of sarcopenia increased considerably, posing a serious threat to health worldwide. However, no clear international consensus has been reached regarding the etiology of sarcopenia. Several studies have shown that insulin resistance may be an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of induced muscle attenuation and that, conversely, sarcopenia can lead to insulin resistance. However, the causal relationship between the two is not clear. In this paper, the pathogenesis of sarcopenia is analyzed, the possible intrinsic causal relationship between sarcopenia and insulin resistance examined, and research progress expounded to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and study of the mechanism of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-jian Liu
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, 518101 China
| | - Cui-feng Zhu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong, 518101 China
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7
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Yu M, Yu H, Mu N, Wang Y, Ma H, Yu L. The Function of FoxK Transcription Factors in Diseases. Front Physiol 2022; 13:928625. [PMID: 35903069 PMCID: PMC9314541 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.928625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors play a crucial role in the regulation of many diseases, being an evolutionarily conserved superfamily of transcription factors. In recent years, FoxK1/2, members of its family, has been the subject of research. Even though FoxK1 and FoxK2 have some functional overlap, increasing evidence indicates that the regulatory functions of FoxK1 and FoxK2 are not the same in various physiological and disease states. It is important to understand the biological function and mechanism of FoxK1/2 for better understanding pathogenesis of diseases, predicting prognosis, and finding new therapeutic targets. There is, however, a lack of comprehensive and systematic analysis of the similarities and differences of FoxK1/2 roles in disease, prompting us to perform a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujun Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Haozhen Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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8
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Li C, Shen H, Liu M, Li S, Luo Y. Natural antisense RNA Foxk1-AS promotes myogenic differentiation by inhibiting Foxk1 activity. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:77. [PMID: 35642035 PMCID: PMC9158385 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural antisense RNAs are RNA molecules that are transcribed from the opposite strand of either protein-coding or non-protein coding genes and have the ability to regulate the expression of their sense gene or several related genes. However, the roles of natural antisense RNAs in the maintenance and myogenesis of muscle stem cells remain largely unexamined. Methods We analysed myoblast differentiation and regeneration by overexpression and knockdown of Foxk1-AS using lentivirus and adeno-associated virus infection in C2C12 cells and damaged muscle tissues. Muscle injury was induced by BaCl2 and the regeneration and repair of damaged muscle tissues was assessed by haematoxylin–eosin staining and quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of myogenic differentiation-related genes was verified via quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Results We identified a novel natural antisense RNA, Foxk1-AS, which is transcribed from the opposite strand of Foxk1 DNA and completely incorporated in the 3′ UTR of Foxk1. Foxk1-AS targets Foxk1 and functions as a regulator of myogenesis. Overexpression of Foxk1-AS strongly inhibited the expression of Foxk1 in C2C12 cells and in tibialis anterior muscle tissue and promoted myoblast differentiation and the regeneration of muscle fibres damaged by BaCl2. Furthermore, overexpression of Foxk1-AS promoted the expression of Mef2c, which is an important transcription factor in the control of muscle gene expression and is negatively regulated by Foxk1. Conclusion The results indicated that Foxk1-AS represses Foxk1, thereby rescuing Mef2c activity and promoting myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells and regeneration of damaged muscle fibres. Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00896-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Shen
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Siguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Gong W, Das S, Sierra-Pagan JE, Skie E, Dsouza N, Larson TA, Garry MG, Luzete-Monteiro E, Zaret KS, Garry DJ. ETV2 functions as a pioneer factor to regulate and reprogram the endothelial lineage. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:672-684. [PMID: 35550615 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The vasculature is an essential organ for the delivery of blood and oxygen to all tissues of the body and is thus relevant to the treatment of ischaemic diseases, injury-induced regeneration and solid tumour growth. Previously, we demonstrated that ETV2 is an essential transcription factor for the development of cardiac, endothelial and haematopoietic lineages. Here we report that ETV2 functions as a pioneer factor that relaxes closed chromatin and regulates endothelial development. By comparing engineered embryonic stem cell differentiation and reprogramming models with multi-omics techniques, we demonstrated that ETV2 was able to bind nucleosomal DNA and recruit BRG1. BRG1 recruitment remodelled chromatin around endothelial genes and helped to maintain an open configuration, resulting in increased H3K27ac deposition. Collectively, these results will serve as a platform for the development of therapeutic initiatives directed towards cardiovascular diseases and solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuming Gong
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Satyabrata Das
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Javier E Sierra-Pagan
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Erik Skie
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nikita Dsouza
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thijs A Larson
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mary G Garry
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Edgar Luzete-Monteiro
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth S Zaret
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Garry
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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10
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Long Z, Wang Y. miR-195-5p Suppresses Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion Via FOXK1. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 19:1533033820922587. [PMID: 32406336 PMCID: PMC7238777 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820922587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer deaths around the world. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs have pivotal functions in tumorigenesis including lung cancer. It is reported that microRNA-195-5p acts as a tumor suppressor role in human cancers. However, the function and molecular mechanism of microRNA-195-5p in lung cancer progression is still unclear. In the present study, the results showed that the expression of microRNA-195-5p was downregulated both in lung cancer tissues and in lung cancer cell lines. Enhanced expression of microRNA-195-5p inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, Forkhead box k1 was identified as the direct target of microRNA-195-5p. Forkhead box k1 overexpression could restore the repressed cell proliferation and metastasis caused by microRNA-195-5p overexpression. Our results demonstrated that a functional mechanism of microRNA-195-5p in regulating lung cancer. It indicates that microRNA-195-5p may regulate lung cancer growth and metastasis through the regulation of Forkhead box k1, highlighting the potential application for the treatment of lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Long
- Department of Cerebral Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
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11
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Feng Y, Bai Z, Song J, Zhang Z. FOXK1 plays an oncogenic role in the progression of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:91. [PMID: 33300075 PMCID: PMC7723167 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) has a poor outcome in terms of survival. Forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) dysregulation is critical in solid tumors, which serves a pivotal role in the biological characteristics, such as invasion and migration, but its expression and functions in HC are unclear. The present study investigated the clinical significance and biological functions of FOXK1 in HC. Tumor microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate FOXK1 in HC and its expression was modulated to determine its effects on chemoresistance and tumorigenesis. FOXK1 was highly expressed in HC and cell lines, which was associated with tumor invasion, regional lymph node metastasis, tumor recurrence and poor prognosis. Silencing FOXK1 in HC cells inhibited invasion and migration, upregulated E-cadherin, and downregulated vimentin, matrix metallopeptidase 9 and Twist in HC cells. Sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was increased, and glutathione S-transferase π, multidrug resistance mutation 1 and P-glycoprotein expression levels were downregulated in RBE cells in vitro following FOXK1 knockdown. These results indicated that FOXK1 plays an oncogenic role in HC progression and can serve as a novel therapeutic target for HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jianning Song
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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12
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Geng FS, de la Calle-Mustienes E, Gómez-Skarmeta JL, Lister R, Bogdanovic O. Depletion of Foxk transcription factors causes genome-wide transcriptional misregulation and developmental arrest in zebrafish embryos. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2020; 2020. [PMID: 33313487 PMCID: PMC7726622 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Suo Geng
- Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
| | | | - José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain.,Deceased
| | - Ryan Lister
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, 6009, WA, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, WA, Australia
| | - Ozren Bogdanovic
- Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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13
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Zhang N, Mendieta-Esteban J, Magli A, Lilja KC, Perlingeiro RCR, Marti-Renom MA, Tsirigos A, Dynlacht BD. Muscle progenitor specification and myogenic differentiation are associated with changes in chromatin topology. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6222. [PMID: 33277476 PMCID: PMC7718254 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19999-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Using Hi-C, promoter-capture Hi-C (pCHi-C), and other genome-wide approaches in skeletal muscle progenitors that inducibly express a master transcription factor, Pax7, we systematically characterize at high-resolution the spatio-temporal re-organization of compartments and promoter-anchored interactions as a consequence of myogenic commitment and differentiation. We identify key promoter-enhancer interaction motifs, namely, cliques and networks, and interactions that are dependent on Pax7 binding. Remarkably, Pax7 binds to a majority of super-enhancers, and together with a cadre of interacting transcription factors, assembles feed-forward regulatory loops. During differentiation, epigenetic memory and persistent looping are maintained at a subset of Pax7 enhancers in the absence of Pax7. We also identify and functionally validate a previously uncharacterized Pax7-bound enhancer hub that regulates the essential myosin heavy chain cluster during skeletal muscle cell differentiation. Our studies lay the groundwork for understanding the role of Pax7 in orchestrating changes in the three-dimensional chromatin conformation in muscle progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Julen Mendieta-Esteban
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Magli
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Karin C Lilja
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Rita C R Perlingeiro
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Marc A Marti-Renom
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Brian David Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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14
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Garry DJ, Maeng G, Garry MG. Foxk1 regulates cancer progression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1041. [PMID: 33145260 PMCID: PMC7575999 DOI: 10.21037/atm-2020-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Garry
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Geunho Maeng
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mary G Garry
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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15
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Ma D, Liu H, Qin Y, Li D, Cui Y, Li L, He J, Chen Y, Zhou X. Circ_0007142/miR-186/FOXK1 axis promoted lung adenocarcinoma progression. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:4728-4738. [PMID: 32913545 PMCID: PMC7476148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs could affect expression of specific genes which may induce tumor occurrence and progression. In this study, we identified 32 differentially expressed circRNAs between five pairs of lung adenocarcinoma and paracancerous tissues using circRNA microarray. And circ_0007142 expression was the most upregulated in five lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Meanwhile, circ_0007142 expression was remarkably over-expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cells. In addition, knockdown of circ_0007142 inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and induced apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, knockdown of circ_0007142 inhibited the biological behavior of lung adenocarcinoma through miR-186/FOXK1 axis and inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Altogether, our study suggests Circ_0007142/miR-186/FOXK1 axis may play as an important role in progression of lung adenocarcinoma, which provided a novel potential mechanism about this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yingzhi Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Danqing Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yushang Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yeye Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730, China
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16
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Sun H, Wang H, Wang X, Aoki Y, Wang X, Yang Y, Cheng X, Wang Z, Wang X. Aurora-A/SOX8/FOXK1 signaling axis promotes chemoresistance via suppression of cell senescence and induction of glucose metabolism in ovarian cancer organoids and cells. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:6928-6945. [PMID: 32550913 PMCID: PMC7295065 DOI: 10.7150/thno.43811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cisplatin derivatives are first-line chemotherapeutic agents for epithelial ovarian cancer. However, chemoresistance remains a major hurdle for successful therapy and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood at present. Methods: RNA sequencing of organoids (PDO) established from cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer tissue samples was performed. Glucose metabolism, cell senescence, and chemosensitivity properties were subsequently examined. Immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, Fӧrster resonance energy transfer-fluorescence lifetime imaging (FRET-FLIM), luciferase reporter assay, ChIP and animal experiments were conducted to gain insights into the specific functions and mechanisms of action of the serine/threonine kinase, Aurora-A, in ovarian cancer. Results: Aurora-A levels were significantly enhanced in cisplatin-resistant PDO. Furthermore, Aurora-A promoted chemoresistance through suppression of cell senescence and induction of glucose metabolism in ovarian cancer organoids and cells. Mechanistically, Aurora-A bound directly to the transcription factor sex determining region Y-box 8 (SOX8) and phosphorylated the Ser327 site, in turn, regulating genes related to cell senescence and glycolysis, including hTERT, P16, LDHA and HK2, through enhancement of forkhead-box k1 (FOXK1) expression. Conclusions: Aurora-A regulates cell senescence and glucose metabolism to induce cisplatin resistance by participating in the SOX8/FOXK1 signaling axis in ovarian cancer. Our collective findings highlight a novel mechanism of cisplatin resistance and present potential therapeutic targets to overcome chemoresistance in ovarian cancer.
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17
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Wang Y, Qiu W, Liu N, Sun L, Liu Z, Wang S, Wang P, Liu S, Lv J. Forkhead box K1 regulates the malignant behavior of gastric cancer by inhibiting autophagy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:107. [PMID: 32175400 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) is a transcription factor that contributes to cancer development, but it is unclear how FOXK1 regulates the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer (GC) cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance, biological function, and molecular mechanisms of FOXK1 in GC. Methods We conducted bioinformatics assays and western blotting to assess FOXK1 expression. Then, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) with tissue microarrays (TMAs) to assess FOXK1 expression in order to identify an association between FOXK1 expression levels and clinical parameters. We used 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), wound healing and Transwell assays to determine whether FOXK1 promotes malignant behaviors in GC. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting were used to verify an association between FOXK1 and autophagy. Results We observed high levels of FOXK1 expression in GC tissues, which were associated with the degree of malignancy in GC. FOXK1 promotes the malignant behavior of GC by regulating autophagy via activation of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and inhibition of the expression of class III PI3K. Conclusions These findings provide a new target for the comprehensive treatment of GC by highlighting the relationship between FOXK1 and malignant behaviors in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wensheng Qiu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Libin Sun
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Qingzhou 262500, China
| | - Shihai Liu
- Central Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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18
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Liu W, Li Y, Luo B. Current perspective on the regulation of FOXO4 and its role in disease progression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:651-663. [PMID: 31529218 PMCID: PMC11104957 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03297-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box O4 (FOXO4) is a member of the FOXO family that regulates a number of genes involved in metabolism, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cellular homeostasis via transcriptional activity. It also mediates cell responses to oxidative stress and treatment with antitumor agents. The expression of FOXO4 is repressed by microRNAs in multiple cancer cells, while FOXO4 function is regulated by post-translational modifications and interaction with other proteins. The deregulation of FOXO4 is closely linked to the progression of several types of cancer, senescence, and other diseases. In this review, we present recent findings on the regulation of FOXO4 in physiological and pathological conditions and provide an overview of the complex role of FOXO4 in disease development and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Luo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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19
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Chabrun F, Huetz N, Dieu X, Rousseau G, Bouzillé G, Chao de la Barca JM, Procaccio V, Lenaers G, Blanchet O, Legendre G, Mirebeau-Prunier D, Cuggia M, Guardiola P, Reynier P, Gascoin G. Data-Mining Approach on Transcriptomics and Methylomics Placental Analysis Highlights Genes in Fetal Growth Restriction. Front Genet 2020; 10:1292. [PMID: 31998361 PMCID: PMC6962302 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) affects 8% of newborns and increases morbidity and mortality for the offspring even during later stages of life. Single omics studies have evidenced epigenetic, genetic, and metabolic alterations in IUGR, but pathogenic mechanisms as a whole are not being fully understood. An in-depth strategy combining methylomics and transcriptomics analyses was performed on 36 placenta samples in a case-control study. Data-mining algorithms were used to combine the analysis of more than 1,200 genes found to be significantly expressed and/or methylated. We used an automated text-mining approach, using the bulk textual gene annotations of the discriminant genes. Machine learning models were then used to explore the phenotypic subgroups (premature birth, birth weight, and head circumference) associated with IUGR. Gene annotation clustering highlighted the alteration of cell signaling and proliferation, cytoskeleton and cellular structures, oxidative stress, protein turnover, muscle development, energy, and lipid metabolism with insulin resistance. Machine learning models showed a high capacity for predicting the sub-phenotypes associated with IUGR, allowing a better description of the IUGR pathophysiology as well as key genes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris Chabrun
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Noémie Huetz
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,Réanimation et Médecine Néonatales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Xavier Dieu
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Rousseau
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Bouzillé
- Laboratoire du Traitement de l'Image et du Signal, INSERM, UMR 1099, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Département d'Information médicale et dossiers médicaux, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | - Juan Manuel Chao de la Barca
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Odile Blanchet
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Legendre
- Département de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Delphine Mirebeau-Prunier
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Marc Cuggia
- Laboratoire du Traitement de l'Image et du Signal, INSERM, UMR 1099, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Département d'Information médicale et dossiers médicaux, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | - Philippe Guardiola
- Service de Génomique Onco-Hématologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Geraldine Gascoin
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Équipe Mitolab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,Réanimation et Médecine Néonatales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
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20
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Wan ZY, Lin G, Yue G. Genes for sexual body size dimorphism in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp. x Oreochromis mossambicus). AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Gene expression profiling of skeletal myogenesis in human embryonic stem cells reveals a potential cascade of transcription factors regulating stages of myogenesis, including quiescent/activated satellite cell-like gene expression. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222946. [PMID: 31560727 PMCID: PMC6764674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived skeletal muscle progenitors (SMP)—defined as PAX7-expressing cells with myogenic potential—can provide an abundant source of donor material for muscle stem cell therapy. As in vitro myogenesis is decoupled from in vivo timing and 3D-embryo structure, it is important to characterize what stage or type of muscle is modeled in culture. Here, gene expression profiling is analyzed in hESCs over a 50 day skeletal myogenesis protocol and compared to datasets of other hESC-derived skeletal muscle and adult murine satellite cells. Furthermore, day 2 cultures differentiated with high or lower concentrations of CHIR99021, a GSK3A/GSK3B inhibitor, were contrasted. Expression profiling of the 50 day time course identified successively expressed gene subsets involved in mesoderm/paraxial mesoderm induction, somitogenesis, and skeletal muscle commitment/formation which could be regulated by a putative cascade of transcription factors. Initiating differentiation with higher CHIR99021 concentrations significantly increased expression of MSGN1 and TGFB-superfamily genes, notably NODAL, resulting in enhanced paraxial mesoderm and reduced ectoderm/neuronal gene expression. Comparison to adult satellite cells revealed that genes expressed in 50-day cultures correlated better with those expressed by quiescent or early activated satellite cells, which have the greatest therapeutic potential. Day 50 cultures were similar to other hESC-derived skeletal muscle and both expressed known and novel SMP surface proteins. Overall, a putative cascade of transcription factors has been identified which regulates four stages of myogenesis. Subsets of these factors were upregulated by high CHIR99021 or their binding sites were significantly over-represented during SMP activation, ranging from quiescent to late-activated stages. This analysis serves as a resource to further study the progression of in vitro skeletal myogenesis and could be mined to identify novel markers of pluripotent-derived SMPs or regulatory transcription/growth factors. Finally, 50-day hESC-derived SMPs appear similar to quiescent/early activated satellite cells, suggesting they possess therapeutic potential.
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22
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Role of p110a subunit of PI3-kinase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolism. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3412. [PMID: 31363081 PMCID: PMC6667496 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance, decreased phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation and altered mitochondrial function are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes. To determine the relationship between these abnormalities, we created mice with muscle-specific knockout of the p110α or p110β catalytic subunits of PI3K. We find that mice with muscle-specific knockout of p110α, but not p110β, display impaired insulin signaling and reduced muscle size due to enhanced proteasomal and autophagic activity. Despite insulin resistance and muscle atrophy, M-p110αKO mice show decreased serum myostatin, increased mitochondrial mass, increased mitochondrial fusion, and increased PGC1α expression, especially PCG1α2 and PCG1α3. This leads to enhanced mitochondrial oxidative capacity, increased muscle NADH content, and higher muscle free radical release measured in vivo using pMitoTimer reporter. Thus, p110α is the dominant catalytic isoform of PI3K in muscle in control of insulin sensitivity and muscle mass, and has a unique role in mitochondrial homeostasis in skeletal muscle. Diabetes is associated with decreased PI3K activation in skeletal muscle. Here, the authors show that p110a is the predominant PI3K subunit in muscle, and show that its ablation in muscle, but not ablation of p110beta, leads to insulin resistance, increased proteosomal and autophagic activity, and altered mitochondria homeostasis in mice.
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23
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Bhardwaj V, Semplicio G, Erdogdu NU, Manke T, Akhtar A. MAPCap allows high-resolution detection and differential expression analysis of transcription start sites. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3219. [PMID: 31363093 PMCID: PMC6667505 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The position, shape and number of transcription start sites (TSS) are critical determinants of gene regulation. Most methods developed to detect TSSs and study promoter usage are, however, of limited use in studies that demand quantification of expression changes between two or more groups. In this study, we combine high-resolution detection of transcription start sites and differential expression analysis using a simplified TSS quantification protocol, MAPCap (Multiplexed Affinity Purification of Capped RNA) along with the software icetea. Applying MAPCap on developing Drosophila melanogaster embryos and larvae, we detected stage and sex-specific promoter and enhancer activity and quantify the effect of mutants of maleless (MLE) helicase at X-chromosomal promoters. We observe that MLE mutation leads to a median 1.9 fold drop in expression of X-chromosome promoters and affects the expression of several TSSs with a sexually dimorphic expression on autosomes. Our results provide quantitative insights into promoter activity during dosage compensation. The position, shape and number of transcription start sites (TSS) regulate gene expression. Here authors present MAPCap, a method for high-resolution detection and differential expression analysis of TSS, and apply MAPCap to early fly development, detecting stage and sex-specific promoter and enhancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Bhardwaj
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Semplicio
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niyazi Umut Erdogdu
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Manke
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Asifa Akhtar
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
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24
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Wang L, Liu Q, Kitamoto T, Hou J, Qin J, Accili D. Identification of Insulin-Responsive Transcription Factors That Regulate Glucose Production by Hepatocytes. Diabetes 2019; 68:1156-1167. [PMID: 30936148 PMCID: PMC6610019 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte glucose production is a complex process that integrates cell-autonomous mechanisms with cellular signaling, enzyme activity modulation, and gene transcription. Transcriptional mechanisms controlling glucose production are redundant and involve nuclear hormone receptors and unliganded transcription factors (TFs). Our knowledge of this circuitry is incomplete. Here we used DNA affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry to probe the network of hormone-regulated TFs by using phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pck1) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pc) in liver and primary hepatocytes as model systems. The repertoire of insulin-regulated TFs is unexpectedly broad and diverse. Whereas in liver the two test promoters are regulated by largely overlapping sets of TFs, in primary hepatocytes Pck1 and G6pc regulation diverges. Insulin treatment preferentially results in increased occupancy by the two promoters, consistent with a model in which the hormone's primary role is to recruit corepressors rather than to clear activators. Nine insulin-responsive TFs are present in both models, but only FoxK1, FoxA2, ZFP91, and ZHX3 require an intact Pck1p insulin response sequence for binding. Knockdown of FoxK1 in primary hepatocytes decreased both glucose production and insulin's ability to suppress it. The findings expand the repertoire of insulin-dependent TFs and identify FoxK1 as a contributor to insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liheng Wang
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Qiongming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Junjie Hou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
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25
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Liu Y, Ding W, Ge H, Ponnusamy M, Wang Q, Hao X, Wu W, Zhang Y, Yu W, Ao X, Wang J. FOXK transcription factors: Regulation and critical role in cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 458:1-12. [PMID: 31132431 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that alterations of gene expression including expression and activities of transcription factors are closely associated with carcinogenesis. Forkhead Box Class K (FOXK) proteins, FOXK1 and FOXK2, are a family of evolutionarily conserved transcriptional factors, which have recently been recognized as key transcriptional regulators involved in many types of cancer. Members of the FOXK family mediate a wide spectrum of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle progression, DNA damage and tumorigenesis. Therefore, the deregulation of FOXKs can affect the cell fate and they promote tumorigenesis as well as cancer progression. The mechanisms of FOXKs regulation including post-translational modifications (PTMs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and protein-protein interactions are well demonstrated. However, the detailed mechanisms of FOXKs activation and deregulation in cancer progression are still inconclusive. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of FOXKs expression and activity, and their role in the development and progression of cancer. We have discussed whether FOXKs act as tumor suppressors/oncoproteins in tumor cells and their therapeutic applications in malignant diseases are also discussed. This review may assist in designing experimental studies involving FOXKs and it would strength the therapeutic potential of FOXKs as targets for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hu Ge
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Molecular Informatics Department, Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Murugavel Ponnusamy
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Molecular Informatics Department, Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Xiaodan Hao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Wanpeng Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Jianxun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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26
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Sakaguchi M, Cai W, Wang CH, Cederquist CT, Damasio M, Homan EP, Batista T, Ramirez AK, Gupta MK, Steger M, Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Singh SK, Araki E, Mann M, Enerbäck S, Kahn CR. FoxK1 and FoxK2 in insulin regulation of cellular and mitochondrial metabolism. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1582. [PMID: 30952843 PMCID: PMC6450906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A major target of insulin signaling is the FoxO family of Forkhead transcription factors, which translocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm following insulin-stimulated phosphorylation. Here we show that the Forkhead transcription factors FoxK1 and FoxK2 are also downstream targets of insulin action, but that following insulin stimulation, they translocate from the cytoplasm to nucleus, reciprocal to the translocation of FoxO1. FoxK1/FoxK2 translocation to the nucleus is dependent on the Akt-mTOR pathway, while its localization to the cytoplasm in the basal state is dependent on GSK3. Knockdown of FoxK1 and FoxK2 in liver cells results in upregulation of genes related to apoptosis and down-regulation of genes involved in cell cycle and lipid metabolism. This is associated with decreased cell proliferation and altered mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism. Thus, FoxK1/K2 are reciprocally regulated to FoxO1 following insulin stimulation and play a critical role in the control of apoptosis, metabolism and mitochondrial function. Insulin signaling represses Forkhead transcription factor FoxO activity, which contributes to organismal metabolism. Here, the authors use proteomics to identify positively regulated insulin signaling targets FoxK1/K2 and demonstrate their role in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaji Sakaguchi
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuoku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Weikang Cai
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Carly T Cederquist
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Marcos Damasio
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Erica P Homan
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Thiago Batista
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Alfred K Ramirez
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Martin Steger
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and NNF Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Proteomics, NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shailendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Host Defense, The World Premier International Research Center Initiative Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuoku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sven Enerbäck
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9A, PO. Box. 440, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Sections of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism and Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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27
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Lin G, Thevasagayam NM, Wan ZY, Ye BQ, Yue GH. Transcriptome Analysis Identified Genes for Growth and Omega-3/-6 Ratio in Saline Tilapia. Front Genet 2019; 10:244. [PMID: 30949199 PMCID: PMC6435965 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth and omega-3/-6 ratio are important traits in aquaculture. The mechanisms underlying quick growth and high omega-3/-6 ratio in fish are not fully understood. The consumption of the meat of tilapia suffers a bad reputation due to its low omega-3/-6 ratio. To facilitate the improvement of these traits and to understand more about the mechanisms underlying quick growth and high omega-3/-6 ratio, we conducted transcriptome analysis in the muscle and liver of fast- and slow-growing hybrid saline tilapia generated by crossing Mozambique tilapia and red tilapia. A transcriptome with an average length of 963 bp was generated by using 486.65 million clean 100 bp paired-end reads. A total of 42,699 annotated unique sequences with an average length of 3.4 kb were obtained. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the muscle and liver were identified between fast- and slow-growing tilapia. Pathway analysis classified these genes into many pathways. Ten genes, including foxK1, sparc, smad3, usp38, crot, fadps, sqlea, cyp7b1, impa1, and gss, from the DEGs were located within QTL for growth and omega-3, which were previously detected content in tilapia, suggesting that these ten genes could be important candidate genes for growth and omega-3 fatty acid content. Analysis of SNPs in introns 1 and 2 of foxK1 revealed that the SNPs were significantly associated with growth and omega-3/-6 ratio. This study lays the groundwork for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic variation of these two traits and provides SNPs for selecting these traits at fingerling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Lin
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Z. Y. Wan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B. Q. Ye
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gen Hua Yue
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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28
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O'Neill BT, Bhardwaj G, Penniman CM, Krumpoch MT, Suarez Beltran PA, Klaus K, Poro K, Li M, Pan H, Dreyfuss JM, Nair KS, Kahn CR. FoxO Transcription Factors Are Critical Regulators of Diabetes-Related Muscle Atrophy. Diabetes 2019; 68:556-570. [PMID: 30523026 PMCID: PMC6385751 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Insulin deficiency and uncontrolled diabetes lead to a catabolic state with decreased muscle strength, contributing to disease-related morbidity. FoxO transcription factors are suppressed by insulin and thus are key mediators of insulin action. To study their role in diabetic muscle wasting, we created mice with muscle-specific triple knockout of FoxO1/3/4 and induced diabetes in these M-FoxO-TKO mice with streptozotocin (STZ). Muscle mass and myofiber area were decreased 20-30% in STZ-Diabetes mice due to increased ubiquitin-proteasome degradation and autophagy alterations, characterized by increased LC3-containing vesicles, and elevated levels of phosphorylated ULK1 and LC3-II. Both the muscle loss and markers of increased degradation/autophagy were completely prevented in STZ FoxO-TKO mice. Transcriptomic analyses revealed FoxO-dependent increases in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathways in STZ-Diabetes, including regulation of Fbxo32 (Atrogin1), Trim63 (MuRF1), Bnip3L, and Gabarapl. These same genes were increased 1.4- to 3.3-fold in muscle from humans with type 1 diabetes after short-term insulin deprivation. Thus, FoxO-regulated genes play a rate-limiting role in increased protein degradation and muscle atrophy in insulin-deficient diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T O'Neill
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gourav Bhardwaj
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Christie M Penniman
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Megan T Krumpoch
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pablo A Suarez Beltran
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Katherine Klaus
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Kennedy Poro
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Mengyao Li
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hui Pan
- Bioinformatics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan M Dreyfuss
- Bioinformatics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - K Sreekumaran Nair
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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29
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Singh BN, Weaver CV, Garry MG, Garry DJ. Hedgehog and Wnt Signaling Pathways Regulate Tail Regeneration. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1426-1437. [PMID: 30003832 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Urodele amphibians have a tremendous capacity for the regeneration of appendages, including limb and tail, following injury. While studies have focused on the cellular and morphological changes during appendicular regeneration, the signaling mechanisms that govern these cytoarchitectural changes during the regenerative response are unclear. In this study, we describe the essential role of hedgehog (Hh) and Wnt signaling pathways following tail amputation in the newt. Quantitative PCR studies revealed that members of both the Hh and Wnt signaling pathways, including the following: shh, ihh, ptc-1, wnt-3a, β-catenin, axin2, frizzled (frzd)-1, and frzd-2 transcripts, were induced following injury. Continuous pharmacological-mediated inhibition of Hh signaling resulted in spike-like regenerates with no evidence of tissue patterning, whereas activation of Hh signaling enhanced the regenerative process. Pharmacological-mediated temporal inhibition experiments demonstrated that the Hh-mediated patterning of the regenerating tail occurs early during regeneration and Hh signals are continuously required for proliferation of the blastemal progenitors. BrdU incorporation and PCNA immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that Hh signaling regulates the cellular proliferation of the blastemal cells following amputation. Similarly, Wnt inhibition resulted in perturbed regeneration, whereas its activation promoted tail regeneration. Using an inhibitor-activator strategy, we demonstrated that the Wnt pathway is likely to be upstream of the Hh pathway and together these signaling pathways function in a coordinated manner to facilitate tail regeneration. Mechanistically, the Wnt signaling pathway activated the Hh signaling pathway that included ihh and ptc-1 during the tail regenerative process. Collectively, our results demonstrate the absolute requirement of signaling pathways that are essential in the regulation of tail regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhairab N Singh
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Cyprian V Weaver
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mary G Garry
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Daniel J Garry
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
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30
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Qiu L, Chang G, Li Z, Bi Y, Liu X, Chen G. Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Competing Endogenous RNA Networks During Avian Leukosis Virus, Subgroup J-Induced Tumorigenesis in Chickens. Front Physiol 2018; 9:996. [PMID: 30093865 PMCID: PMC6070742 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an avian oncogenic retrovirus that induces myeloid tumors and hemangiomas in chickens and causes severe economic losses with commercial layer chickens and meat-type chickens. High-throughput sequencing followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and bioinformatics analyses were performed to advance the understanding of regulatory networks associated with differentially expressed non-coding RNAs and mRNAs that facilitate ALV-J infection. We examined the expression of mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and miRNAs in the spleens of 20-week-old chickens infected with ALV-J and uninfected chickens. We found that 1723 mRNAs, 7,883 lncRNAs and 13 miRNAs in the spleen were differentially expressed between the uninfected and infected groups (P < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that, compared to mRNA, chicken lncRNAs shared relatively fewer exon numbers and shorter transcripts. Through competing endogenous RNA and co-expression network analyses, we identified several tumor-associated or immune-related genes and lncRNAs. Along transcripts whose expression levels significantly decreased in both ALV-J infected spleen and tumor tissues, BCL11B showed the greatest change. These results suggest that BCL11B may be mechanistically involved in tumorigenesis in chicken and neoplastic diseases, may be related to immune response, and potentially be novel biomarker for ALV-J infection. Our results provide new insight into the pathology of ALV-J infection and high-quality transcriptome resource for in-depth study of epigenetic influences on disease resistance and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guobin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiteng Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Bi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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31
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Ji ZG, Jiang HT, Zhang PS. FOXK1 promotes cell growth through activating wnt/β-catenin pathway and emerges as a novel target of miR-137 in glioma. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1784-1792. [PMID: 30018719 PMCID: PMC6038085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Forkhead box k1 (FOXK1) was reported to be dysregulated and play important roles in multiple human cancers. However, the expression pattern and roles of FOXK1 in glioma has never been investigated. In this study, we firstly observed that the expression of FOXK1 was significantly increased in glioma tissue samples and cell lines. Functional assays demonstrated that overexpression of FOXK1 promoted proliferation, cell cycle transition and inhibited apoptosis in glioma cell lines. On the contrary, knockdown of FOXK1 exhibited an opposite effect on glioma cells proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis. Data of western blot indicated that FOXK1 overexpression increased while FOXK1 knockdown decreased the levels of β-catenin, c-myc and cyclinD1 in glioma cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that FOXK1 was a novel target of miR-137 in glioma and FOXK1 restoration abolished the tumor suppressive effect of miR-137 in glioma cells. Statistical analysis showed that the mRNA level of FOXK1 was inversely correlated with miR-137 expression in glioma tissues. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that FOXK1 promoted cell growth through activating wnt/β-catenin pathway and is negatively regulated by miR-137 in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Gang Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Hai-Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Pei-Song Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000, Shandong, China
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32
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Role of Forkhead Box O (FOXO) transcription factor in aging and diseases. Gene 2018; 648:97-105. [PMID: 29428128 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fork head box O (FOXO) transcription factor is a key player in an evolutionarily conserved pathway. The mammalian FOXO family consists of FOXO1, 3, 4 and 6, are highly similar in their structure, function and regulation. To maintain optimum body function, the organisms have developed complex mechanisms for homeostasis. Importantly, it is well known that when these mechanisms dysregulate it results in the development of age-related disease. FOXO proteins are involved in a diverse cellular function and also have clinical significance including cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, tumour suppression, DNA repair, longevity, diabetic complications, immunity, wound healing, regulation of metabolism and thus treatment of several types of diseases. By the combinations of post-translational modifications FOXO's serve as a 'molecular code' to sense external stimuli and recruit it as to specific regions of the genome and provide an integrated cellular response to changing physiological conditions. Akt/Protein kinase B a signaling pathway as a main regulator of FOXO to perform a diverse function in organisms. The present review summarizes the molecular and clinical aspects of FOXO transcription factor. And also elaborate the interaction of FOXO with the nucleosome remodelling complex to target genes, which is essential to cellular homeostasis.
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33
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Singh BN, Tahara N, Kawakami Y, Das S, Koyano-Nakagawa N, Gong W, Garry MG, Garry DJ. Etv2-miR-130a-Jarid2 cascade regulates vascular patterning during embryogenesis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189010. [PMID: 29232705 PMCID: PMC5726724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of the primitive vasculature is necessary for the formation of a complex branched vascular architecture. However, the factors that modulate these processes are incompletely defined. Previously, we defined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in endothelial specification. In the present study, we further examined the Etv2-Cre mediated ablation of DicerL/L and characterized the perturbed vascular patterning in the embryo proper and yolk-sac. We mechanistically defined an important role for miR-130a, an Etv2 downstream target, in the mediation of vascular patterning and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Inducible overexpression of miR-130a resulted in robust induction of vascular sprouts and angiogenesis with increased uptake of acetylated-LDL. Mechanistically, miR-130a directly regulated Jarid2 expression by binding to its 3’-UTR region. Over-expression of Jarid2 in HUVEC cells led to defective tube formation indicating its inhibitory role in angiogenesis. The knockout of miR-130a showed increased levels of Jarid2 in the ES/EB system. In addition, the levels of Jarid2 transcripts were increased in the Etv2-null embryos at E8.5. In the in vivo settings, injection of miR-130a specific morpholinos in zebrafish embryos resulted in perturbed vascular patterning with reduced levels of endothelial transcripts in the miR-130a morphants. Further, co-injection of miR-130a mimics in the miR-130a morphants rescued the vascular defects during embryogenesis. qPCR and in situ hybridization techniques demonstrated increased expression of jarid2a in the miR-130a morphants in vivo. These findings demonstrate a critical role for Etv2-miR-130a-Jarid2 in vascular patterning both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhairab N. Singh
- Lillehei Heart Institute Regenerative Medicine and Sciences Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Naoyuki Tahara
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Yasuhiko Kawakami
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Satyabrata Das
- Lillehei Heart Institute Regenerative Medicine and Sciences Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Naoko Koyano-Nakagawa
- Lillehei Heart Institute Regenerative Medicine and Sciences Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Wuming Gong
- Lillehei Heart Institute Regenerative Medicine and Sciences Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Mary G. Garry
- Lillehei Heart Institute Regenerative Medicine and Sciences Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DJG); (MGG)
| | - Daniel J. Garry
- Lillehei Heart Institute Regenerative Medicine and Sciences Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
- Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DJG); (MGG)
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34
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Chen F, Xiong W, Dou K, Ran Q. Knockdown of FOXK1 Suppresses Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Prostate Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2017; 25:1261-1267. [PMID: 28267429 PMCID: PMC7841013 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14871164924588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) is a member of the FOX transcription factor family and plays an important role in the development of several tumors. However, the role of FOXK1 in the progression of prostate cancer remains unknown. Thus, the objectives of this study were to detect the expression of FOXK1 in prostate cancer and to examine its role in prostate cancer cells. We found that the expression of FOXK1 at both the mRNA and protein levels was significantly upregulated in human prostate cancer cell lines. In addition, the downregulation of FOXK1 obviously inhibited the cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vitro and attenuated tumor growth in a xenograft model in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of FOXK1 suppressed the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, and prevented the EMT phenotype through upregulating the expression of E-cadherin, as well as downregulating the expression of N-cadherin in prostate cancer cells. Mechanistically, knockdown of FOXK1 efficiently downregulated the expression levels of β-catenin, c-myc, and cyclin D1 in PC-3 cells. Overall, our results demonstrated that knockdown of FOXK1 inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of prostate cancer, at least in part, through suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, these results suggest that FOXK1 may be a potential therapeutic target for human prostate cancer.
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Blondelle J, Shapiro P, Domenighetti AA, Lange S. Cullin E3 Ligase Activity Is Required for Myoblast Differentiation. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:1045-1066. [PMID: 28238764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of cullin E3-ubiquitin ligases for muscle homeostasis is best known during muscle atrophy, as the cullin-1 substrate adaptor atrogin-1 is among the most well-characterized muscle atrogins. We investigated whether cullin activity was also crucial during terminal myoblast differentiation and aggregation of acetylcholine receptors for the establishment of neuromuscular junctions in vitro. The activity of cullin E3-ligases is modulated through post-translational modification with the small ubiquitin-like modifier nedd8. Using either the Nae1 inhibitor MLN4924 (Pevonedistat) or siRNA against nedd8 in early or late stages of differentiation on C2C12 myoblasts, and primary satellite cells from mouse and human, we show that cullin E3-ligase activity is necessary for each step of the muscle cell differentiation program in vitro. We further investigate known transcriptional repressors for terminal muscle differentiation, namely ZBTB38, Bhlhe41, and Id1. Due to their identified roles for terminal muscle differentiation, we hypothesize that the accumulation of these potential cullin E3-ligase substrates may be partially responsible for the observed phenotype. MLN4924 is currently undergoing clinical trials in cancer patients, and our experiments highlight concerns on the homeostasis and regenerative capacity of muscles in these patients who often experience cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Blondelle
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA-92093 USA
| | - Paige Shapiro
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA-92093 USA
| | - Andrea A Domenighetti
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL-60611 USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL-60611, USA
| | - Stephan Lange
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA-92093 USA.
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Rabiee A, Schwämmle V, Sidoli S, Dai J, Rogowska-Wrzesinska A, Mandrup S, Jensen ON. Nuclear phosphoproteome analysis of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation reveals system-wide phosphorylation of transcriptional regulators. Proteomics 2016; 17. [PMID: 27717184 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adipocytes (fat cells) are important endocrine and metabolic cells critical for systemic insulin sensitivity. Both adipose excess and insufficiency are associated with adverse metabolic function. Adipogenesis is the process whereby preadipocyte precursor cells differentiate into lipid-laden mature adipocytes. This process is driven by a network of transcriptional regulators (TRs). We hypothesized that protein PTMs, in particular phosphorylation, play a major role in activating and propagating signals within TR networks upon induction of adipogenesis by extracellular stimulus. We applied MS-based quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics to monitor the alteration of nuclear proteins during the early stages (4 h) of preadipocyte differentiation. We identified a total of 4072 proteins including 2434 phosphorylated proteins, a majority of which were assigned as regulators of gene expression. Our results demonstrate that adipogenic stimuli increase the nuclear abundance and/or the phosphorylation levels of proteins involved in gene expression, cell organization, and oxidation-reduction pathways. Furthermore, proteins acting as negative modulators involved in negative regulation of gene expression, insulin stimulated glucose uptake, and cytoskeletal organization showed a decrease in their nuclear abundance and/or phosphorylation levels during the first 4 h of adipogenesis. Among 288 identified TRs, 49 were regulated within 4 h of adipogenic stimulation including several known and many novel potential adipogenic regulators. We created a kinase-substrate database for 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by investigating the relationship between protein kinases and protein phosphorylation sites identified in our dataset. A majority of the putative protein kinases belong to the cyclin-dependent kinase family and the mitogen-activated protein kinase family including P38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases, suggesting that these kinases act as orchestrators of early adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Rabiee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Center for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Veit Schwämmle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Center for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Center for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Center for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Center for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Susanne Mandrup
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole N Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Center for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Atsem S, Reichenbach J, Potabattula R, Dittrich M, Nava C, Depienne C, Böhm L, Rost S, Hahn T, Schorsch M, Haaf T, El Hajj N. Paternal age effects on sperm FOXK1 and KCNA7 methylation and transmission into the next generation. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4996-5005. [PMID: 28171595 PMCID: PMC5418740 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Children of older fathers carry an increased risk for developing autism and other disorders. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the correlation of sperm DNA methylation with paternal age and its impact on the epigenome of the offspring. Methylation levels of nine candidate genes and LINE-1 repeats were quantified by bisulfite pyrosequencing in sperm DNA of 162 donors and 191 cord blood samples of resulting children (conceived by IVF/ICSI with the same sperm samples). Four genes showed a significant negative correlation between sperm methylation and paternal age. For FOXK1 and KCNA7, the age effect on the sperm epigenome was replicated in an independent cohort of 188 sperm samples. For FOXK1, paternal age also significantly correlated with foetal cord blood (FCB) methylation. Deep bisulfite sequencing and allele-specific pyrosequencing allowed us to distinguish between maternal and paternal alleles in FCB samples with an informative SNP. FCB methylation of the paternal FOXK1 allele was negatively correlated with paternal age, whereas maternal allele was unaffected by maternal age. Since FOXK1 duplication has been associated with autism, we studied blood FOXK1 methylation in 74 children with autism and 41 age-matched controls. The FOXK1 promoter showed a trend for accelerated demethylation in the autism group. Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that FOXK1 methylation influences gene expression. Collectively, our study demonstrates that age-related DNA methylation changes in sperm can be transmitted to the next generation and may contribute to the increased disease risk in offspring of older fathers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Atsem
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Reichenbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ramya Potabattula
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Nava
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Christel Depienne
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
- Département de Médicine translationnelle et Neurogénétique, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Lena Böhm
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simone Rost
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nady El Hajj
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
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Xu MM, Mao GX, Liu J, Li JC, Huang H, Liu YF, Liu JH. Low expression of the FoxO4 gene may contribute to the phenomenon of EMT in non-small cell lung cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 15:4013-8. [PMID: 24935588 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.9.4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of its importance in tumor invasion and metastasis, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has become a research focus in the field of cancer. Recently, evidence has been presented that FoxO4 might be involved in EMT. Our study aimed to detect the expression of FoxO4, E-cadherin and vimentin in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). We also investigated clinical features and their correlations with the markers. In our study, FoxO4, E-cadherin and vimentin were assessed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) containing 150 cases of NSCLC. In addition, the expression level of FoxO4 protein was determined by Western blotting. The percentages of FoxO4, E-cadherin and vimentin positive expression in NSCLCs were 42.7%, 38.7% and 55.3%, respectively. Immunoreactivity of FoxO4 was low in NSCLC when compared with paired normal lung tissues. There were significant correlations between FoxO4 and TNM stage (P<0.001), histological differentiation (P=0.004) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), but no significant links with age (P=0.323), gender (P=0.410), tumor size (P=0.084), smoking status (P=0.721) and histological type (P=0.281). Our study showed that low expression of FoxO4 correlated with decreased expression of E-cadherin and elevated expression of vimentin. Cox regression analysis indicated FoxO4 to be an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC (P=0.046). These data suggested that FoxO4 might inhibit the process of EMT in NSCLC, and might therefore be a target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China E-mail :
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Ayuso M, Fernández A, Núñez Y, Benítez R, Isabel B, Barragán C, Fernández AI, Rey AI, Medrano JF, Cánovas Á, González-Bulnes A, López-Bote C, Ovilo C. Comparative Analysis of Muscle Transcriptome between Pig Genotypes Identifies Genes and Regulatory Mechanisms Associated to Growth, Fatness and Metabolism. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145162. [PMID: 26695515 PMCID: PMC4687939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Iberian ham production includes both purebred (IB) and Duroc-crossbred (IBxDU) Iberian pigs, which show important differences in meat quality and production traits, such as muscle growth and fatness. This experiment was conducted to investigate gene expression differences, transcriptional regulation and genetic polymorphisms that could be associated with the observed phenotypic differences between IB and IBxDU pigs. Nine IB and 10 IBxDU pigs were slaughtered at birth. Morphometric measures and blood samples were obtained and samples from Biceps femoris muscle were employed for compositional and transcriptome analysis by RNA-Seq technology. Phenotypic differences were evident at this early age, including greater body size and weight in IBxDU and greater Biceps femoris intramuscular fat and plasma cholesterol content in IB newborns. We detected 149 differentially expressed genes between IB and IBxDU neonates (p < 0.01 and Fold-Change > 1. 5). Several were related to adipose and muscle tissues development (DLK1, FGF21 or UBC). The functional interpretation of the transcriptomic differences revealed enrichment of functions and pathways related to lipid metabolism in IB and to cellular and muscle growth in IBxDU pigs. Protein catabolism, cholesterol biosynthesis and immune system were functions enriched in both genotypes. We identified transcription factors potentially affecting the observed gene expression differences. Some of them have known functions on adipogenesis (CEBPA, EGRs), lipid metabolism (PPARGC1B) and myogenesis (FOXOs, MEF2D, MYOD1), which suggest a key role in the meat quality differences existing between IB and IBxDU hams. We also identified several polymorphisms showing differential segregation between IB and IBxDU pigs. Among them, non-synonymous variants were detected in several transcription factors as PPARGC1B and TRIM63 genes, which could be associated to altered gene function. Taken together, these results provide information about candidate genes, metabolic pathways and genetic polymorphisms potentially involved in phenotypic differences between IB and IBxDU pigs associated to meat quality and production traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ayuso
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yolanda Núñez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Benítez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Isabel Rey
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F. Medrano
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ángela Cánovas
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | | | - Clemente López-Bote
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Ovilo
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ramkumar P, Lee CM, Moradian A, Sweredoski MJ, Hess S, Sharrocks AD, Haines DS, Reddy EP. JNK-associated Leucine Zipper Protein Functions as a Docking Platform for Polo-like Kinase 1 and Regulation of the Associating Transcription Factor Forkhead Box Protein K1. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:29617-28. [PMID: 26468278 PMCID: PMC4705960 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.664649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
JLP (JNK-associated leucine zipper protein) is a scaffolding protein that interacts with various signaling proteins associated with coordinated regulation of cellular process such as endocytosis, motility, neurite outgrowth, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Here we identified PLK1 (Polo-like kinase 1) as a novel interaction partner of JLP through mass spectrometric approaches. Our results indicate that JLP is phospho-primed by PLK1 on Thr-351, which is recognized by the Polo box domain of PLK1 leading to phosphorylation of JLP at additional sites. Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture and quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis was performed to identify PLK1-dependent JLP-interacting proteins. Treatment of cells with the PLK1 kinase inhibitor BI2536 suppressed binding of the Forkhead box protein K1 (FOXK1) transcriptional repressor to JLP. JLP was found to interact with PLK1 and FOXK1 during mitosis. Moreover, knockdown of PLK1 affected the interaction between JLP and FOXK1. FOXK1 is a known transcriptional repressor of the CDK inhibitor p21/WAF1, and knockdown of JLP resulted in increased FOXK1 protein levels and a reduction of p21 transcript levels. Our results suggest a novel mechanism by which FOXK1 protein levels and activity are regulated by associating with JLP and PLK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Ramkumar
- From the Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Clement M Lee
- From the Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Annie Moradian
- the Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, and
| | - Michael J Sweredoski
- the Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, and
| | - Sonja Hess
- the Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, and
| | - Andrew D Sharrocks
- the Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Dale S Haines
- the Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - E Premkumar Reddy
- From the Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029,
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Upon infection, pathogen recognition leads to a rapidly activated gene expression program that induces antimicrobial effectors to clear the invader. We recently found that Nup98 regulates the expression of a subset of rapidly activated antiviral genes to restrict disparate RNA virus infections in Drosophila by promoting RNA polymerase occupancy at the promoters of these antiviral genes. How Nup98 specifically targets these loci was unclear; however, it is known that Nup98 participates with transcription factors to regulate developmental-gene activation. We reasoned that additional transcription factors may facilitate the Nup98-dependent expression of antiviral genes. In a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen, we identified a relatively understudied forkhead transcription factor, FoxK, as active against Sindbis virus (SINV) in Drosophila. Here we find that FoxK is active against the panel of viruses that are restricted by Nup98, including SINV and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Mechanistically, we show that FoxK coordinately regulates the Nup98-dependent expression of antiviral genes. Depletion of FoxK significantly reduces Nup98-dependent induction of antiviral genes and reduces the expression of a forkhead response element-containing luciferase reporter. Together, these data show that FoxK-mediated activation of gene expression is Nup98 dependent. We extended our studies to mammalian cells and found that the mammalian ortholog FOXK1 is antiviral against two disparate RNA viruses, SINV and VSV, in human cells. Interestingly, FOXK1 also plays a role in the expression of antiviral genes in mammals: depletion of FOXK1 attenuates virus-inducible interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) reporter expression. Overall, our results demonstrate a novel role for FOXK1 in regulating the expression of antiviral genes, from insects to humans. IMPORTANCE Innate immunity is characterized by rapid gene expression programs, from insects to mammals. Furthermore, we find that Nup98, known for its roles in the nuclear pore, plays a noncanonical role in binding the promoters and poising a subset of loci for rapid antiviral gene induction. It was unclear how Nup98 accesses these specific genes, and we here demonstrate that Nup98 cooperates with the transcription factor FoxK to regulate this gene expression program. Depletion of FoxK specifically reduces the induction of Nup98-dependent genes. Further, we find that the antiviral function of FoxK is conserved, as the human ortholog FOXK1 is also antiviral and regulates gene expression from virus-induced promoters. Although other forkhead transcription factors have been implicated in immunity, a role for FoxK in antiviral defense was previously unappreciated. Our findings reveal a conserved and novel role for FoxK in coordinating with Nup98 to promote a robust and complex antiviral transcriptional response.
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McDaneld TG, Kuehn LA, Thomas MG, Snelling WM, Smith TPL, Pollak EJ, Cole JB, Keele JW. Genomewide association study of reproductive efficiency in female cattle. J Anim Sci 2015; 92:1945-57. [PMID: 24782394 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-6807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproductive efficiency is of economic importance in commercial beef cattle production, as failure to achieve pregnancy reduces the number of calves marketed per cow exposed. Identification of genetic markers with predictive merit for reproductive success would facilitate early selection of sires with daughters having improved reproductive rate without increasing generation intervals. To identify regions of the genome harboring variation affecting reproductive success, we applied a genomewide association study (GWAS) approach based on the >700,000 SNP marker assay, using a procedure based on genotyping multianimal pools of DNA to increase the number of animals that could be genotyped with available resources. Cows from several populations were classified according to reproductive efficiency, and DNA was pooled within population and phenotype prior to genotyping. Populations evaluated included a research population at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, 2 large commercial ranch populations, and a number of smaller populations (<100 head) across the United States. We detected 2 SNP with significant genomewide association (P ≤ 1.49 × 10(-7)), on BTA21 and BTA29, 3 SNP with suggestive associations (P ≤ 2.91 × 10(-6)) on BTA5, and 1 SNP with suggestive association each on BTA1 and BTA25. In addition to our novel findings, we confirmed previously published associations for SNP on BTA-X and all autosomes except 3 (BTA21, BTA22, and BTA28) encompassing substantial breed diversity including Bos indicus and Bos taurus breeds. The study identified regions of the genome associated with reproductive efficiency, which are being targeted for further analysis to develop robust marker systems, and demonstrated that DNA pooling can be used to substantially reduce the cost of GWAS in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G McDaneld
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933
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Wakabayashi K, Mori F, Kakita A, Takahashi H, Utsumi J, Sasaki H. Analysis of microRNA from archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2014; 2:173. [PMID: 25497327 PMCID: PMC4279903 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-014-0173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs that regulate gene expression. This study investigated whether formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens from postmortem cases of neurodegenerative disorders would be suitable for miRNA profiling. Results Ten FFPE samples from 6 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 4 neurologically normal controls were selected for miRNA analysis on the basis of the following criteria for RNA quality: (i) a postmortem interval of less than 6 hours, (ii) a formalin fixation time of less than 4 weeks, (iii) an RNA yield per sample of more than 500 ng, and (iv) sufficient quality of the RNA agarose gel image. An overall RNA extraction success rate was 46.2%. For ALS, a total of 364 miRNAs were identified in the motor cortex, 91 being up-regulated and 233 down-regulated. Target genes were predicted using miRNA bioinformatics software, and the data applied to ontology analysis. This indicated that one of the miRNAs up-regulated in ALS (miR-338-3p) had already been identified in leukocytes, serum, cerebrospinal fluid and frozen spinal cord from ALS patients. Conclusion Although analysis was possible for just under half of the specimens examined, we were able to show that informative miRNA data can be derived from archived FFPE samples from postmortem cases of neurodegenerative disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40478-014-0173-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Sanchez AMJ, Candau RB, Bernardi H. FoxO transcription factors: their roles in the maintenance of skeletal muscle homeostasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1657-71. [PMID: 24232446 PMCID: PMC11113648 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box class O family member proteins (FoxOs) are highly conserved transcription factors with important roles in cellular homeostasis. The four FoxO members in humans, FoxO1, FoxO3, FoxO4, and FoxO6, are all expressed in skeletal muscle, but the first three members are the most studied in muscle. In this review, we detail the multiple modes of FoxO regulation and discuss the central role of these proteins in the control of skeletal muscle plasticity. FoxO1 and FoxO3 are key factors of muscle energy homeostasis through the control of glycolytic and lipolytic flux, and mitochondrial metabolism. They are also key regulators of protein breakdown, as they modulate the activity of several actors in the ubiquitin–proteasome and autophagy–lysosomal proteolytic pathways, including mitochondrial autophagy, also called mitophagy. FoxO proteins have also been implicated in the regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and muscle regeneration. Depending of their activation level, FoxO proteins can exhibit ambivalent functions. For example, a basal level of FoxO factors is necessary for cellular homeostasis and these proteins are required for adaptation to exercise. However, exacerbated activation may occur in the course of several diseases, resulting in metabolic disorders and atrophy. A better understanding of the precise functions of these transcriptions factors should thus lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches to prevent or limit the muscle wasting that prevails in numerous pathological states, such as immobilization, denervated conditions, neuromuscular disease, aging, AIDS, cancer, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M. J. Sanchez
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire Et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier 1, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
- Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université Montpellier 1, 700 avenue du Pic Saint Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Robin B. Candau
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire Et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier 1, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
- Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université Montpellier 1, 700 avenue du Pic Saint Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Henri Bernardi
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire Et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier 1, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
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Tao H, Shi KH, Yang JJ, Huang C, Zhan HY, Li J. Histone deacetylases in cardiac fibrosis: current perspectives for therapy. Cell Signal 2013; 26:521-7. [PMID: 24321371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is an important pathological feature of cardiac remodeling in heart diseases. The molecular mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis are unknown. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that balance the acetylation activities of histone acetyltransferases on chromatin remodeling and play essential roles in regulating gene transcription. In recent years, the role of HDACs in cardiac fibrosis initiation and progression, as well as the therapeutic effects of HDAC inhibitors, has been well studied. Moreover, numerous studies indicated that HDAC activity is associated with the development and progression of cardiac fibrosis. In this review, the innovative aspects of HDACs are discussed, with respect to biogenesis, their role in cardiac fibrosis. Furthermore, the potential applications of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis associated with fibroblast activation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kai-Hu Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hong-Ying Zhan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Bowlin KM, Embree LJ, Garry MG, Garry DJ, Shi X. Kbtbd5 is regulated by MyoD and restricted to the myogenic lineage. Differentiation 2013; 86:184-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kadamb R, Mittal S, Bansal N, Batra H, Saluja D. Sin3: insight into its transcription regulatory functions. Eur J Cell Biol 2013; 92:237-46. [PMID: 24189169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sin3, a large acidic protein, shares structural similarity with the helix-loop-helix dimerization domain of proteins of the Myc family of transcription factors. Sin3/HDAC corepressor complex functions in transcriptional regulation of several genes and is therefore implicated in the regulation of key biological processes. Knockdown studies have confirmed the role of Sin3 in cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, emphasizing Sin3 as an essential regulator of critical cellular events in normal and pathological processes. The present review covers the diverse functions of this master transcriptional regulator as well as illustrates the redundant and distinct functions of its two mammalian isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Kadamb
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Iurlaro M, Ficz G, Oxley D, Raiber EA, Bachman M, Booth MJ, Andrews S, Balasubramanian S, Reik W. A screen for hydroxymethylcytosine and formylcytosine binding proteins suggests functions in transcription and chromatin regulation. Genome Biol 2013; 14:R119. [PMID: 24156278 PMCID: PMC4014808 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-10-r119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation (5mC) plays important roles in epigenetic regulation of genome function. Recently, TET hydroxylases have been found to oxidise 5mC to hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), formylcytosine (5fC) and carboxylcytosine (5caC) in DNA. These derivatives have a role in demethylation of DNA but in addition may have epigenetic signaling functions in their own right. A recent study identified proteins which showed preferential binding to 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and its oxidised forms, where readers for 5mC and 5hmC showed little overlap, and proteins bound to further oxidation forms were enriched for repair proteins and transcription regulators. We extend this study by using promoter sequences as baits and compare protein binding patterns to unmodified or modified cytosine using DNA from mouse embryonic stem cell extracts. RESULTS We compared protein enrichments from two DNA probes with different CpG composition and show that, whereas some of the enriched proteins show specificity to cytosine modifications, others are selective for both modification and target sequences. Only a few proteins were identified with a preference for 5hmC (such as RPL26, PRP8 and the DNA mismatch repair protein MHS6), but proteins with a strong preference for 5fC were more numerous, including transcriptional regulators (FOXK1, FOXK2, FOXP1, FOXP4 and FOXI3), DNA repair factors (TDG and MPG) and chromatin regulators (EHMT1, L3MBTL2 and all components of the NuRD complex). CONCLUSIONS Our screen has identified novel proteins that bind to 5fC in genomic sequences with different CpG composition and suggests they regulate transcription and chromatin, hence opening up functional investigations of 5fC readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Iurlaro
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Gabriella Ficz
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David Oxley
- Proteomics Research Group, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Eun-Ang Raiber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Martin Bachman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Michael J Booth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Simon Andrews
- Bioinformatics Group, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Shankar Balasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
- 1Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
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