1
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Cornejo F, Cortés BI, Findlay GM, Cancino GI. LAR Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase Family in Healthy and Diseased Brain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:659951. [PMID: 34966732 PMCID: PMC8711739 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatases are major regulators of signal transduction and they are involved in key cellular mechanisms such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival. Here we focus on one class of protein phosphatases, the type IIA Receptor-type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (RPTPs), or LAR-RPTP subfamily. In the last decade, LAR-RPTPs have been demonstrated to have great importance in neurobiology, from neurodevelopment to brain disorders. In vertebrates, the LAR-RPTP subfamily is composed of three members: PTPRF (LAR), PTPRD (PTPδ) and PTPRS (PTPσ), and all participate in several brain functions. In this review we describe the structure and proteolytic processing of the LAR-RPTP subfamily, their alternative splicing and enzymatic regulation. Also, we review the role of the LAR-RPTP subfamily in neural function such as dendrite and axon growth and guidance, synapse formation and differentiation, their participation in synaptic activity, and in brain development, discussing controversial findings and commenting on the most recent studies in the field. Finally, we discuss the clinical outcomes of LAR-RPTP mutations, which are associated with several brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Cornejo
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bastián I Cortés
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Greg M Findlay
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Gonzalo I Cancino
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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2
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Japanese Encephalitis Virus NS1' Protein Interacts with Host CDK1 Protein to Regulate Antiviral Response. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0166121. [PMID: 34756071 PMCID: PMC8579942 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01661-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I) is a key component of the host innate immune system. To establish efficient replication, viruses have developed several strategies to escape from the host IFN response. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) NS1', a larger NS1-related protein, is known to inhibit the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-mediated IFN-β induction by increasing the binding of transcription factors (CREB and c-Rel) to the microRNA 22 (miRNA-22) promoter. However, the mechanism by which NS1' induces the recruitment of CREB and c-Rel onto the miRNA-22 promoter is unknown. Here, we found that JEV NS1' protein interacts with the host cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) protein. Mechanistically, NS1' interrupts the CDC25C phosphatase-mediated dephosphorylation of CDK1, which prolongs the phosphorylation status of CDK1 and leads to the inhibition of MAVS-mediated IFN-β induction. Furthermore, the CREB phosphorylation and c-Rel activation through the IκBα phosphorylation were observed to be enhanced upon the augmentation of CDK1 phosphorylation by NS1'. The abrogation of CDK1 activity by a small-molecule inhibitor significantly suppressed the JEV replication in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the administration of CDK1 inhibitor protected the wild-type mice from JEV-induced lethality but showed no effect on the MAVS-/- mice challenged with JEV. In conclusion, our study provides new insight into the mechanism of JEV immune evasion, which may lead to the development of novel therapeutic options to treat JEV infection. IMPORTANCE Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the main cause of acute human encephalitis in Asia. The unavailability of specific treatment for Japanese encephalitis demands a better understanding of the basic cellular mechanisms that contribute to the onset of disease. The present study identifies a novel interaction between the JEV NS1' protein and the cellular CDK1 protein, which facilitates the JEV replication by dampening the cellular antiviral response. This study sheds light on a novel mechanism of JEV replication, and thus our findings could be employed for developing new therapies against JEV infection.
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3
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Young KA, Biggins L, Sharpe HJ. Protein tyrosine phosphatases in cell adhesion. Biochem J 2021; 478:1061-1083. [PMID: 33710332 PMCID: PMC7959691 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adhesive structures between cells and with the surrounding matrix are essential for the development of multicellular organisms. In addition to providing mechanical integrity, they are key signalling centres providing feedback on the extracellular environment to the cell interior, and vice versa. During development, mitosis and repair, cell adhesions must undergo extensive remodelling. Post-translational modifications of proteins within these complexes serve as switches for activity. Tyrosine phosphorylation is an important modification in cell adhesion that is dynamically regulated by the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and protein tyrosine kinases. Several PTPs are implicated in the assembly and maintenance of cell adhesions, however, their signalling functions remain poorly defined. The PTPs can act by directly dephosphorylating adhesive complex components or function as scaffolds. In this review, we will focus on human PTPs and discuss their individual roles in major adhesion complexes, as well as Hippo signalling. We have collated PTP interactome and cell adhesome datasets, which reveal extensive connections between PTPs and cell adhesions that are relatively unexplored. Finally, we reflect on the dysregulation of PTPs and cell adhesions in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Young
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | - Laura Biggins
- Bioinformatics, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | - Hayley J. Sharpe
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
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4
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Jena S, Damayanti NP, Tan J, Pratt ED, Irudayaraj JMK, Parker LL. Multiplexable fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) probes for Abl and Src-family kinases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13409-13412. [PMID: 33035286 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many commonly employed strategies to map kinase activities in live cells require expression of genetically encoded proteins (e.g. FRET sensors). In this work, we describe the development and preliminary application of a set of cell-penetrating, fluorophore labelled peptide substrates for fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) of Abl and Src-family kinase activities. These probes do not rely on FRET pairs or genetically-encoded protein expression. We further demonstrate probe multiplexing and pixel-by-pixel quantification to estimate the relative proportion of modified probe, suggesting that this strategy will be useful for detailed mapping of single cell and subcellular dynamics of multiple kinases concurrently in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampreeti Jena
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA.
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5
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Villalobo A, Berchtold MW. The Role of Calmodulin in Tumor Cell Migration, Invasiveness, and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030765. [PMID: 31991573 PMCID: PMC7037201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is the principal Ca2+ sensor protein in all eukaryotic cells, that upon binding to target proteins transduces signals encoded by global or subcellular-specific changes of Ca2+ concentration within the cell. The Ca2+/CaM complex as well as Ca2+-free CaM modulate the activity of a vast number of enzymes, channels, signaling, adaptor and structural proteins, and hence the functionality of implicated signaling pathways, which control multiple cellular functions. A basic and important cellular function controlled by CaM in various ways is cell motility. Here we discuss the role of CaM-dependent systems involved in cell migration, tumor cell invasiveness, and metastasis development. Emphasis is given to phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events catalyzed by myosin light-chain kinase, CaM-dependent kinase-II, as well as other CaM-dependent kinases, and the CaM-dependent phosphatase calcineurin. In addition, the role of the CaM-regulated small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42 (cell division cycle protein 42) as well as CaM-binding adaptor/scaffold proteins such as Grb7 (growth factor receptor bound protein 7), IQGAP (IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein) and AKAP12 (A kinase anchoring protein 12) will be reviewed. CaM-regulated mechanisms in cancer cells responsible for their greater migratory capacity compared to non-malignant cells, invasion of adjacent normal tissues and their systemic dissemination will be discussed, including closely linked processes such as the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and the activation of metalloproteases. This review covers as well the role of CaM in establishing metastatic foci in distant organs. Finally, the use of CaM antagonists and other blocking techniques to downregulate CaM-dependent systems aimed at preventing cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis development will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Villalobo
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics Area—Oto-Neurosurgery Research Group, University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana 261, E-28046 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (M.W.B.)
| | - Martin W. Berchtold
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 13 Universitetsparken, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (M.W.B.)
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6
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Xie X, Luo L, Liang M, Zhang W, Zhang T, Yu C, Wei Z. Structural basis of liprin-α-promoted LAR-RPTP clustering for modulation of phosphatase activity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:169. [PMID: 31924785 PMCID: PMC6954185 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte common antigen-related receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (LAR-RPTPs) are cell adhesion molecules involved in mediating neuronal development. The binding of LAR-RPTPs to extracellular ligands induces local clustering of LAR-RPTPs to regulate axon growth and synaptogenesis. LAR-RPTPs interact with synaptic liprin-α proteins via the two cytoplasmic phosphatase domains, D1 and D2. Here we solve the crystal structure of LAR_D1D2 in complex with the SAM repeats of liprin-α3, uncovering a conserved two-site binding mode. Cellular analysis shows that liprin-αs robustly promote clustering of LAR in cells by both the liprin-α/LAR interaction and the oligomerization of liprin-α. Structural analysis reveals a unique homophilic interaction of LAR via the catalytically active D1 domains. Disruption of the D1/D1 interaction diminishes the liprin-α-promoted LAR clustering and increases tyrosine dephosphorylation, demonstrating that the phosphatase activity of LAR is negatively regulated by forming clusters. Additionally, we find that the binding of LAR to liprin-α allosterically regulates the liprin-α/liprin-β interaction. Leukocyte common antigen-related receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (LAR-RPTPs) mediate guided axon growth and synapse formation and liprin-α proteins are their intracellular binding partners. Here the authors present the crystal structure of the phosphatase domains from the LAR-RPTP family member LAR bound to the SAM repeats of liprin-α3 and show that liprin-α binding enhances LAR cluster formation and reduces LAR phosphatase activity in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqiao Xie
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Ling Luo
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Mingfu Liang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Cong Yu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Zhiyi Wei
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China. .,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
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7
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Kishimoto K, Sugano-Yasunaga W, Taniguchi A, Agata K, Nonaka S, Funayama N. Skeleton construction upon local regression of the sponge body. Dev Growth Differ 2019; 61:485-500. [PMID: 31820450 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
We previously revealed that the mechanism of demosponge skeleton construction is self-organization by multiple rounds of sequential mechanical reactions of player cells. In these reactions, "transport cells" dynamically carry fine skeletal elements (spicules) on epithelia surrounding the inner body space of sponges (basal epithelium (basopinacoderm) and the endodermal epithelium (ENCM)). Once spicules pierce ENCM and apical pinacoderm, subsequently they are cemented to the substratum under the sponge body, or connected to other skeleton-constructing spicules. Thus, the "pierce" step is the key to holding up spicules in the temporary periphery of growing sponges' bodies. Since sponges can regress as well as grow, here we asked how skeleton construction occurs during local regression of the body. We found that prior to local basopinacoderm retraction (and thus body regression), the body became thinner. Some spicules that were originally carried outward stagnated for a while, and were then carried inwards either on ENCM or basopinacoderm. Spicules that were carried inwards on ENCM pierced epithelia after a short transport, and thus became held up at relatively inward positions compared to spicules carried on outwardly extending basopinacoderm. The switch of epithelia on which transport cells migrate efficiently occurred in thinner body spaces where basopinacoderm and ENCM became close to each other. Thus, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are rather mechanical: the combination of sequential reactions of skeleton construction and the narrowed body space upon local retraction of basopinacoderm cause spicules to be held up at more-inward positions, which might strengthen the basopinacoderm's attachment to substratum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Kishimoto
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Taniguchi
- Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Agata
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory of regeneration biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shigenori Nonaka
- Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Noriko Funayama
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Chavez JD, Keller A, Zhou B, Tian R, Bruce JE. Cellular Interactome Dynamics during Paclitaxel Treatment. Cell Rep 2019; 29:2371-2383.e5. [PMID: 31747606 PMCID: PMC6910234 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-cycle inhibitors, including paclitaxel, are among the most widely used and effective cancer therapies. However, several challenges limit the success of paclitaxel, including drug resistance and toxic side effects. Paclitaxel is thought to act primarily by stabilizing microtubules, locking cells in a mitotic state. However, the resulting cytotoxicity and tumor shrinkage rates observed cannot be fully explained by this mechanism alone. Here we apply quantitative chemical cross-linking with mass spectrometry analysis to paclitaxel-treated cells. Our results provide large-scale measurements of relative protein levels and, perhaps more importantly, changes to protein conformations and interactions that occur upon paclitaxel treatment. Drug concentration-dependent changes are revealed in known drug targets including tubulins, as well as many other proteins and protein complexes involved in apoptotic signaling and cellular homeostasis. As such, this study provides insight into systems-level changes to protein structures and interactions that occur with paclitaxel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Chavez
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Andrew Keller
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Rong Tian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - James E Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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9
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Sai C, Yunhan J, Zhao J, Yu Z, Yun Z, Zhezhe C, Fuqin T, Yingbin X, Ruiyan M. Cyclin Dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1) Activates Cardiac Fibroblasts via Directly Phosphorylating Paxillin at Ser244. Int Heart J 2019; 60:374-383. [PMID: 30745530 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation has caused severe burden for people worldwide. Differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and consequent progress in atrial structural remodeling have been considered the basis for persistent atrial fibrillation, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the process. Here, we show that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is activated in atrial fibroblasts from patients with atrial fibrillation (AFPAF) and in platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB)-treated atrial fibroblasts from patients with sinus rhythm (AFPSR). We also demonstrate that inhibition of CDK1 suppresses fibroblast differentiation and focal adhesion (FA) complex formation. The FA protein paxillin is phosphorylated directly at Ser244 by CDK1. Importantly, transfection of a paxillin construct harboring a Ser to Ala mutation causes FA complex disassembly and greatly inhibits fibroblast activation. AFPSRs applied with a lentiviral vector carrying the shRNA sequence of paxillin dramatically prevents PDGF-BB induced functional activation. Taken together, all these results suggest that phosphorylation of paxillin at Ser244 by CDK1 is a key mechanism in fibroblast differentiation and could eventually assist atrial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Jiang Yunhan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Zhu Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Zhu Yun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Cao Zhezhe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Tang Fuqin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Xiao Yingbin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Ma Ruiyan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University
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10
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Humphries JD, Chastney MR, Askari JA, Humphries MJ. Signal transduction via integrin adhesion complexes. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 56:14-21. [PMID: 30195153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) have evolved over millions of years to integrate metazoan cells physically with their microenvironment. It is presumed that the simultaneous interaction of thousands of integrin receptors to binding sites in anisotropic extracellular matrix (ECM) networks enables cells to assemble a topological description of the chemical and mechanical properties of their surroundings. This information is then converted into intracellular signals that influence cell positioning, differentiation and growth, but may also influence other fundamental processes, such as protein synthesis and energy regulation. In this way, changes in the microenvironment can influence all aspects of cell phenotype. Current concepts envisage cell fate decisions being controlled by the integrated signalling output of myriad receptor clusters, but the mechanisms are not understood. Analyses of the adhesome, the complement of proteins attracted to the vicinity of IACs, are now providing insights into some of the primordial links connecting these processes. This article reviews recent advances in our understanding of the composition of IACs, the mechanisms used to transduce signals through these junctions, and the links between IACs and cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Megan R Chastney
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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11
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Tasdemir N, Bossart EA, Li Z, Zhu L, Sikora MJ, Levine KM, Jacobsen BM, Tseng GC, Davidson NE, Oesterreich S. Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Human Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Cell Lines in 2D and 3D Cultures. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6209-6222. [PMID: 30228172 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common subtype of breast cancer following invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and characterized by the loss of E-cadherin-mediated adherens junctions. Despite displaying unique histologic and clinical features, ILC still remains a chronically understudied disease, with limited knowledge gleaned from available laboratory research models. Here we report a comprehensive 2D and 3D phenotypic characterization of four estrogen receptor-positive human ILC cell lines: MDA-MB-134, SUM44, MDA-MB-330, and BCK4. Compared with the IDC cell lines MCF7, T47D, and MDA-MB-231, ultra-low attachment culture conditions revealed remarkable anchorage independence unique to ILC cells, a feature not evident in soft-agar gels. Three-dimensional Collagen I and Matrigel culture indicated a generally loose morphology for ILC cell lines, which exhibited differing preferences for adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins in 2D. Furthermore, ILC cells were limited in their ability to migrate and invade in wound-scratch and transwell assays, with the exception of haptotaxis to Collagen I. Transcriptional comparison of these cell lines confirmed the decreased cell proliferation and E-cadherin-mediated intercellular junctions in ILC while uncovering the induction of novel pathways related to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, ion channels, drug metabolism, and alternative cell adhesion molecules such as N-cadherin, some of which were differentially regulated in ILC versus IDC tumors. Altogether, these studies provide an invaluable resource for the breast cancer research community and facilitate further functional discoveries toward understanding ILC, identifying novel drug targets, and ultimately improving the outcome of patients with ILC.Significance: These findings provide the breast cancer research community with a comprehensive assessment of human invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) cell line signaling and behavior in various culture conditions, aiding future endeavors to develop therapies and to ultimately improve survival in patients with ILC. Cancer Res; 78(21); 6209-22. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgun Tasdemir
- Women's Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Emily A Bossart
- Women's Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Zheqi Li
- Women's Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew J Sikora
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kevin M Levine
- Women's Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Britta M Jacobsen
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - George C Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Computational & Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nancy E Davidson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington.,University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Women's Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center (HCC), Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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12
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Jones MC, Askari JA, Humphries JD, Humphries MJ. Cell adhesion is regulated by CDK1 during the cell cycle. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3203-3218. [PMID: 29930204 PMCID: PMC6122981 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201802088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In most tissues, anchorage-dependent growth and cell cycle progression are dependent on cells engaging extracellular matrices (ECMs) via integrin-receptor adhesion complexes. In a highly conserved manner, cells disassemble adhesion complexes, round up, and retract from their surroundings before division, suggestive of a primordial link between the cell cycle machinery and the regulation of cell adhesion to the ECM. In this study, we demonstrate that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) mediates this link. CDK1, in complex with cyclin A2, promotes adhesion complex and actin cytoskeleton organization during interphase and mediates a large increase in adhesion complex area as cells transition from G1 into S. Adhesion complex area decreases in G2, and disassembly occurs several hours before mitosis. This loss requires elevated cyclin B1 levels and is caused by inhibitory phosphorylation of CDK1-cyclin complexes. The inactivation of CDK1 is therefore the trigger that initiates remodeling of adhesion complexes and the actin cytoskeleton in preparation for rapid entry into mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Jones
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK
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13
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NG2/CSPG4 and progranulin in the posttraumatic glial scar. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:571-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Maffioli E, Schulte C, Nonnis S, Grassi Scalvini F, Piazzoni C, Lenardi C, Negri A, Milani P, Tedeschi G. Proteomic Dissection of Nanotopography-Sensitive Mechanotransductive Signaling Hubs that Foster Neuronal Differentiation in PC12 Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 11:417. [PMID: 29354032 PMCID: PMC5758595 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal cells are competent in precisely sensing nanotopographical features of their microenvironment. The perceived microenvironmental information will be “interpreted” by mechanotransductive processes and impacts on neuronal functioning and differentiation. Attempts to influence neuronal differentiation by engineering substrates that mimic appropriate extracellular matrix (ECM) topographies are hampered by the fact that profound details of mechanosensing/-transduction complexity remain elusive. Introducing omics methods into these biomaterial approaches has the potential to provide a deeper insight into the molecular processes and signaling cascades underlying mechanosensing/-transduction but their exigence in cellular material is often opposed by technical limitations of major substrate top-down fabrication methods. Supersonic cluster beam deposition (SCBD) allows instead the bottom-up fabrication of nanostructured substrates over large areas characterized by a quantitatively controllable ECM-like nanoroughness that has been recently shown to foster neuron differentiation and maturation. Exploiting this capacity of SCBD, we challenged mechanosensing/-transduction and differentiative behavior of neuron-like PC12 cells with diverse nanotopographies and/or changes of their biomechanical status, and analyzed their phosphoproteomic profiles in these settings. Versatile proteins that can be associated to significant processes along the mechanotransductive signal sequence, i.e., cell/cell interaction, glycocalyx and ECM, membrane/f-actin linkage and integrin activation, cell/substrate interaction, integrin adhesion complex, actomyosin organization/cellular mechanics, nuclear organization, and transcriptional regulation, were affected. The phosphoproteomic data suggested furthermore an involvement of ILK, mTOR, Wnt, and calcium signaling in these nanotopography- and/or cell mechanics-related processes. Altogether, potential nanotopography-sensitive mechanotransductive signaling hubs participating in neuronal differentiation were dissected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Maffioli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carsten Schulte
- Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Nonnis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Grassi Scalvini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Piazzoni
- Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Armando Negri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
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15
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Meeusen B, Janssens V. Tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer: Emerging targets for therapeutic intervention and tumor stratification. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:98-134. [PMID: 29031806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant protein phosphorylation is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, and in many cases a prerequisite to sustain tumor development and progression. Like protein kinases, protein phosphatases are key regulators of cell signaling. However, their contribution to aberrant signaling in cancer cells is overall less well appreciated, and therefore, their clinical potential remains largely unexploited. In this review, we provide an overview of tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer. Along their mechanisms of inactivation in defined cancer contexts, we give an overview of their functional roles in diverse signaling pathways that contribute to their tumor suppressive abilities. Finally, we discuss their emerging roles as predictive or prognostic markers, their potential as synthetic lethality targets, and the current feasibility of their reactivation with pharmacologic compounds as promising new cancer therapies. We conclude that their inclusion in clinical practice has obvious potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcome in various ways, and should now definitely be pushed forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob Meeusen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
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16
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Quantitative Phosphoproteomics Reveals a Role for Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2 in PDGF-Induced Cell Migration. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28638064 PMCID: PMC5479788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) family of ligands have well established functions in the induction of cell proliferation and migration during development, tissue homeostasis and interactions between tumours and stroma. However, the mechanisms by which these actions are executed are incompletely understood. Here we report a differential phosphoproteomics study, using a SILAC approach, of PDGF-stimulated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). 116 phospho-sites were identified as up-regulated and 45 down-regulated in response to PDGF stimulation. These encompass proteins involved in cell adhesion, cytoskeleton regulation and vesicle-mediated transport, significantly expanding the range of proteins implicated in PDGF signalling pathways. Included in the down-regulated class was the microtubule bundling protein Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2 (CRMP2). In response to stimulation with PDGF, CRMP2 was dephosphorylated on Thr514, an event known to increase CRMP2 activity. This was reversed in the presence of micromolar concentrations of the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid, implicating PDGF-induced activation of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in CRMP2 regulation. Depletion of CRMP2 resulted in impairment of PDGF-mediated cell migration in an in vitro wound healing assay. These results show that CRMP2 is required for PDGF-directed cell migration in vitro.
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17
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Horton ER, Humphries JD, James J, Jones MC, Askari JA, Humphries MJ. The integrin adhesome network at a glance. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:4159-4163. [PMID: 27799358 PMCID: PMC5117201 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.192054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The adhesion nexus is the site at which integrin receptors bridge intracellular cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix networks. The connection between integrins and the cytoskeleton is mediated by a dynamic integrin adhesion complex (IAC), the components of which transduce chemical and mechanical signals to control a multitude of cellular functions. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we integrate the consensus adhesome, a set of 60 proteins that have been most commonly identified in isolated IAC proteomes, with the literature-curated adhesome, a theoretical network that has been assembled through scholarly analysis of proteins that localise to IACs. The resulting IAC network, which comprises four broad signalling and actin-bridging axes, provides a platform for future studies of the regulation and function of the adhesion nexus in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Horton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jenny James
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Matthew C Jones
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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18
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St-Denis N, Gupta GD, Lin ZY, Gonzalez-Badillo B, Veri AO, Knight JD, Rajendran D, Couzens AL, Currie KW, Tkach JM, Cheung SW, Pelletier L, Gingras AC. Phenotypic and Interaction Profiling of the Human Phosphatases Identifies Diverse Mitotic Regulators. Cell Rep 2016; 17:2488-2501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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