1
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Gadre P, Markova P, Ebrahimkutty M, Jiang Y, Bouzada FM, Watt FM. Emergence and properties of adult mammalian epidermal stem cells. Dev Biol 2024; 515:129-138. [PMID: 39059680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
In this review we discuss how the mammalian interfollicular epidermis forms during development, maintains homeostasis, and is repaired following wounding. Recent studies have provided new insights into the relationship between the stem cell compartment and the differentiating cell layers; the ability of differentiated cells to dedifferentiate into stem cells; and the epigenetic memory of epidermal cells following wounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purna Gadre
- Directors' Unit, EMBL-Heidelberg, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pavlina Markova
- Directors' Unit, EMBL-Heidelberg, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Yidan Jiang
- Directors' Unit, EMBL-Heidelberg, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francisco M Bouzada
- Directors' Unit, EMBL-Heidelberg, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Directors' Unit, EMBL-Heidelberg, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
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2
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Qiao H, Gao C, Lu C, Liu H, Zhang Y, Jin A, Dai Q, Yang S, Zhang B, Liu Y. A Novel Method for Fabricating the Undulating Structures at Dermal-Epidermal Junction by Composite Molding Process. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:102. [PMID: 38667559 PMCID: PMC11051274 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), located between the dermal-epidermal layers in human skin tissue, plays a significant role in its function. However, the limitations of biomaterial properties and microstructure fabrication methods mean that most current tissue engineered skin models do not consider the existence of DEJ. In this study, a nanofiber membrane that simulates the fluctuating structure of skin DEJ was prepared by the composite molding process. Electrospinning is a technique for the production of nanofibers, which can customize the physical and biological properties of biomaterials. At present, electrospinning technology is widely used in the simulation of customized natural skin DEJ. In this study, four different concentration ratios of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membranes were prepared based on electrospinning technology. We selected a 15%PLGA + 5%PCL nanofiber membrane with mechanical properties, dimensional stability, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility after physical properties and biological characterization. Then, the array-based microstructure model was prepared by three-dimensional (3D) printing. Subsequently, the microstructure was created on a 15%PLGA + 5%PCL membrane by the micro-imprinting process. Finally, the cell proliferation and live/dead tests of keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and fibroblasts (HSFs) were measured on the microstructural membrane and flat membrane. The results showed that 15%PLGA + 5%PCL microstructure membrane was more beneficial to promote the adhesion and proliferation of HaCaTs and HSFs than a flat membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qiao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Chuang Gao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Chunxiang Lu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Huazhen Liu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Aoxiang Jin
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Qiqi Dai
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.)
| | - Shihmo Yang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bing Zhang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Q.); (C.G.); (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.J.); (S.Y.); (B.Z.)
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3
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Roig‐Rosello E, Dayan G, Bovio S, Manissier P, Errazuriz E, Rousselle P. Dermal stiffness governs the topography of the epidermis and the underlying basement membrane in young and old human skin. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14096. [PMID: 38475908 PMCID: PMC11019137 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidermis is a stratified epithelium that forms the outer layer of the skin. It is composed primarily of keratinocytes and is constantly renewed by the proliferation of stem cells and their progeny that undergo terminal differentiation as they leave the basal layer and migrate to the skin surface. Basal keratinocytes rest on a basement membrane composed of an extracellular matrix that controls their fate via integrin-mediated focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes which are critical elements of the epidermal barrier and promote its regenerative capabilities. The distribution of basal cells with optimal activity provides the basement membrane with its characteristic undulating shape; this configuration disappears with age, leading to epidermal weakness. In this study, we present an in-depth imaging analysis of basal keratinocyte anchorage in samples of human skin from participants across the age spectrum. Our findings reveal that skin aging is associated with the depletion of hemidesmosomes that provide crucial support for stem cell maintenance; their depletion correlates with the loss of the characteristic basement membrane structure. Atomic force microscopy studies of skin and in vitro experiments revealed that the increase in tissue stiffness observed with aging triggers mechanical signals that alter the basement membrane structure and reduce the extent of basal keratinocyte anchorage, forcing them to differentiate. Genomic analysis revealed that epidermal aging was associated with mechanical induction of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4. The altered mechanical properties of tissue being a new hallmark of aging, our work opens new avenues for the development of skin rejuvenation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Roig‐Rosello
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie ThérapeutiqueCNRS UMR 5305, Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Native LaboratoireBezonsFrance
| | - Guila Dayan
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie ThérapeutiqueCNRS UMR 5305, Université de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Simone Bovio
- RDPUniversité de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCBL1, INRAE, CNRSLyonFrance
- PLATIM‐LyMICUniversité de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Inserm, CNRSLyonFrance
| | | | | | - Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie ThérapeutiqueCNRS UMR 5305, Université de LyonLyonFrance
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4
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Sato H, Hara T, Meng S, Tsuji Y, Arao Y, Saito Y, Sasaki K, Kobayashi S, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Ishii H. Multifaced roles of desmoplastic reaction and fibrosis in pancreatic cancer progression: Current understanding and future directions. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3487-3495. [PMID: 37480223 PMCID: PMC10475783 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmoplastic reaction is a fibrosis reaction that is characterized by a large amount of dense extracellular matrix (ECM) and dense fibrous stroma. Fibrotic stroma around the tumor has several different components, including myofibroblasts, collagen, and other ECM molecules. This stromal reaction is a natural response to the tissue injury process, and fibrosis formation is a key factor in pancreatic cancer development. The fibrotic stroma of pancreatic cancer is associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Reportedly, multiple processes are involved in fibrosis, which is largely associated with the upregulation of various cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and other growth factors that promote tumor growth and metastasis. Fibrosis is also associated with immunosuppressive cell recruitment, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) with suppressing function to antitumor immunity. Further, dense fibrosis restricts the flow of nutrients and oxygen to the tumor cells, which can contribute to drug resistance. Furthermore, the dense collagen matrix can act as a physical barrier to block the entry of drugs into the tumor, thereby further contributing to drug resistance. Thus, understanding the mechanism of desmoplastic reaction and fibrosis in pancreatic cancer will open an avenue to innovative medicine and improve the prognosis of patients suffering from this disease.
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Grants
- 17cm0106414h0002 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP21lm0203007 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 18KK0251 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 19K2265 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20H00541 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K19526 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 22H03146 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 22K19559 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 16H06279 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Mitsubishi Foundation
- Mitsubishi Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Sato
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Tomoaki Hara
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Sikun Meng
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yoshiko Tsuji
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yasuko Arao
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yoshiko Saito
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Medical Data ScienceCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
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5
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Li M, Sun L, Liu Z, Shen Z, Cao Y, Han L, Sang S, Wang J. 3D bioprinting of heterogeneous tissue-engineered skin containing human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2461-2477. [PMID: 36762551 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm02092k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printed skin substitutes have great potential for wound healing. However, current 3D printed skin models are limited in simulating heterogeneity and complexity of skin tissue due to the lack of customized bioinks optimized for different skin layers. Herein, different gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/nano-cellulose (BNC) bioink formulations were used to develop heterogeneous tissue-engineered skin (HTS) containing layers of fibroblast networks with larger pores, basal layers with smaller pores, and multilayered keratinocytes. The results revealed that the 10%GelMA/0.3%BNC bioink was better to model bioprinted dermis due to its high printability and cell-friendly sparse microenvironment. Additionally, the 10%GelMA/1.5%BNC bioink as the basal layer presented a dense network and sufficient material stiffness to support the establishment of keratinocyte confluent monolayers. The HTS not only had the ability to remodel the extracellular matrix but also supported epidermis reconstruction and stratification in vitro, with the epidermal thickness growing to 80 μm after 14 days. Furthermore, the full-thickness wound healing experiments demonstrated that the HTS promoted granulation tissue regeneration and improved wound healing quality. The generated skin of the HTS group had hair follicles and early-stage rete ridge structures, which were similar to normal skin in vivo. The HTS may deliver effective skin grafts for future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China.
| | - Lei Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China. .,Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China
| | - Zixian Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China. .,Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China
| | - Zhizhong Shen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China. .,Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science, Taiyuan, 030031, PR China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China. .,Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science, Taiyuan, 030031, PR China.,College of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, PR China
| | - Lu Han
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China. .,Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science, Taiyuan, 030031, PR China
| | - Shengbo Sang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China. .,Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China
| | - Jianming Wang
- General Hospital of TISCO, North Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan 030809, PR China.
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6
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Salazar J, Carmona T, Zacconi FC, Venegas-Yazigi D, Cabello-Verrugio C, Il Choi W, Vilos C. The Human Dermis as a Target of Nanoparticles for Treating Skin Conditions. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010010. [PMID: 36678639 PMCID: PMC9860843 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin has a preventive role against any damage raised by harmful microorganisms and physical and chemical assaults from the external environment that could affect the body's internal organs. Dermis represents the main section of the skin, and its contribution to skin physiology is critical due to its diverse cellularity, vasculature, and release of molecular mediators involved in the extracellular matrix maintenance and modulation of the immune response. Skin structure and complexity limit the transport of substances, promoting the study of different types of nanoparticles that penetrate the skin layers under different mechanisms intended for skin illness treatments and dermo-cosmetic applications. In this work, we present a detailed morphological description of the dermis in terms of its structures and resident cells. Furthermore, we analyze the role of the dermis in regulating skin homeostasis and its alterations in pathophysiological conditions, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. Additionally, we describe the use of nanoparticles for skin illness treatments focused on dermis release and promote the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as an integrative strategy for skin treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Salazar
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 8350709, Chile
| | - Thais Carmona
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 8350709, Chile
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química and Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. Del Rio” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Materials Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (cND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Diego Venegas-Yazigi
- Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 8350709, Chile
- Materials Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 8350709, Chile
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
| | - Won Il Choi
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, 202, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28160, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Cristian Vilos
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 8350709, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (cND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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7
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Rousselle P, Laigle C, Rousselet G. The basement membrane in epidermal polarity, stemness, and regeneration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1807-C1822. [PMID: 36374168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00069.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The epidermis is a specialized epithelium that constitutes the outermost layer of the skin, and it provides a protective barrier against environmental assaults. Primarily consisting of multilayered keratinocytes, the epidermis is continuously renewed by proliferation of stem cells and the differentiation of their progeny, which undergo terminal differentiation as they leave the basal layer and move upward toward the surface, where they die and slough off. Basal keratinocytes rest on a basement membrane at the dermal-epidermal junction that is composed of specific extracellular matrix proteins organized into interactive and mechanically supportive networks. Firm attachment of basal keratinocytes, and their dynamic regulation via focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes, is essential for maintaining major skin processes, such as self-renewal, barrier function, and resistance to physical and chemical stresses. The adhesive integrin receptors expressed by epidermal cells serve structural, signaling, and mechanosensory roles that are critical for epidermal cell anchorage and tissue homeostasis. More specifically, the basement membrane components play key roles in preserving the stem cell pool, and establishing cell polarity cues enabling asymmetric cell divisions, which result in the transition from a proliferative basal cell layer to suprabasal cells committed to terminal differentiation. Finally, through a well-regulated sequence of synthesis and remodeling, the components of the dermal-epidermal junction play an essential role in regeneration of the epidermis during skin healing. Here too, they provide biological and mechanical signals that are essential to the restoration of barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Laigle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Gaelle Rousselet
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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8
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Gupta VK, Chaudhuri O. Mechanical regulation of cell-cycle progression and division. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:773-785. [PMID: 35491306 PMCID: PMC9378598 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cycle progression and division are fundamental biological processes in animal cells, and their biochemical regulation has been extensively studied. An emerging body of work has revealed how mechanical interactions of cells with their microenvironment in tissues, including with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and neighboring cells, also plays a crucial role in regulating cell-cycle progression and division. We review recent work on how cells interpret physical cues and alter their mechanics to promote cell-cycle progression and initiate cell division, and then on how dividing cells generate forces on their surrounding microenvironment to successfully divide. Finally, the article ends by discussing how force generation during division potentially contributes to larger tissue-scale processes involved in development and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA..
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9
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Anti-Fibrotic Potential of Tomentosenol A, a Constituent of Cerumen from the Australian Native Stingless Bee, Tetragonula carbonaria. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081604. [PMID: 36009323 PMCID: PMC9404848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided fractionation was used to isolate two compounds, tomentosenol A (1) and torellianone A (2), from a cerumen extract from Tetragonula carbonaria. The anti-fibrotic activity of these compounds was examined using human cultured neonatal foreskin fibroblasts (NFF) and immortalised keratinocytes (HaCaTs). Tomentosenol A (1), inhibited NFF and HaCaT cell proliferation and prevented NFF and HaCaT scratch wound repopulation at 12.5-25 µM concentrations. These inhibitory effects were associated with reduced cell viability, determined by tetrazolium dye (MTT) and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays. Compound 1 further inhibited transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated, NFF-myofibroblast differentiation and soluble collagen production; and was an effective scavenger of the model oxidant, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), with an EC50 value of 44.7 ± 3.1 µM. These findings reveal significant anti-fibrotic potential for cerumen-derived tomentosenol A (1).
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10
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Sarmin AM, El Moussaid N, Suntornnond R, Tyler EJ, Kim YH, Di Cio S, Megone WV, Pearce O, Gautrot JE, Dawson J, Connelly JT. Multi-Scale Analysis of the Composition, Structure, and Function of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix for Human Skin and Wound Healing Models. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060837. [PMID: 35740962 PMCID: PMC9221483 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex mixture of structural proteins, proteoglycans, and signaling molecules that are essential for tissue integrity and homeostasis. While a number of recent studies have explored the use of decellularized ECM (dECM) as a biomaterial for tissue engineering, the complete composition, structure, and mechanics of these materials remain incompletely understood. In this study, we performed an in-depth characterization of skin-derived dECM biomaterials for human skin equivalent (HSE) models. The dECM materials were purified from porcine skin, and through mass spectrometry profiling, we quantified the presence of major ECM molecules, including types I, III, and VI collagen, fibrillin, and lumican. Rheological analysis demonstrated the sol-gel and shear-thinning properties of dECM materials, indicating their physical suitability as a tissue scaffold, while electron microscopy revealed a complex, hierarchical structure of nanofibers in dECM hydrogels. The dECM materials were compatible with advanced biofabrication techniques, including 3D printing within a gelatin microparticle support bath, printing with a sacrificial material, or blending with other ECM molecules to achieve more complex compositions and structures. As a proof of concept, we also demonstrate how dECM materials can be fabricated into a 3D skin wound healing model using 3D printing. Skin-derived dECM therefore represents a complex and versatile biomaterial with advantageous properties for the fabrication of next-generation HSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiya M. Sarmin
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (A.M.S.); (N.E.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Nadia El Moussaid
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (A.M.S.); (N.E.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Ratima Suntornnond
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (A.M.S.); (N.E.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Eleanor J. Tyler
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (E.J.T.); (O.P.)
| | - Yang-Hee Kim
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (Y.-H.K.); (J.D.)
| | - Stefania Di Cio
- School of Engineering and Materials Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (S.D.C.); (W.V.M.); (J.E.G.)
| | - William V. Megone
- School of Engineering and Materials Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (S.D.C.); (W.V.M.); (J.E.G.)
| | - Oliver Pearce
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (E.J.T.); (O.P.)
| | - Julien E. Gautrot
- School of Engineering and Materials Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (S.D.C.); (W.V.M.); (J.E.G.)
| | - Jonathan Dawson
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (Y.-H.K.); (J.D.)
| | - John T. Connelly
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (A.M.S.); (N.E.M.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Feng F, Liu M, Pan L, Wu J, Wang C, Yang L, Liu W, Xu W, Lei M. Biomechanical Regulatory Factors and Therapeutic Targets in Keloid Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906212. [PMID: 35614943 PMCID: PMC9124765 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are fibroproliferative skin disorder caused by abnormal healing of injured or irritated skin and are characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and deposition, which results in excessive collagen disorders and calcinosis, increasing the remodeling and stiffness of keloid matrix. The pathogenesis of keloid is very complex, and may include changes in cell function, genetics, inflammation, and other factors. In this review, we aim to discuss the role of biomechanical factors in keloid formation. Mechanical stimulation can lead to excessive proliferation of wound fibroblasts, deposition of ECM, secretion of more pro-fibrosis factors, and continuous increase of keloid matrix stiffness. Matrix mechanics resulting from increased matrix stiffness further activates the fibrotic phenotype of keloid fibroblasts, thus forming a loop that continuously invades the surrounding normal tissue. In this process, mechanical force is one of the initial factors of keloid formation, and matrix mechanics leads to further keloid development. Next, we summarized the mechanotransduction pathways involved in the formation of keloids, such as TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, integrin signaling pathway, YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and calcium ion pathway. Finally, some potential biomechanics-based therapeutic concepts and strategies are described in detail. Taken together, these findings underscore the importance of biomechanical factors in the formation and progression of keloids and highlight their regulatory value. These findings may help facilitate the development of pharmacological interventions that can ultimately prevent and reduce keloid formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Feng
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingying Liu
- School of Comprehensive Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianhong Pan
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaqin Wu
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanqian Liu
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqian Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Mingxing Lei,
| | - Wei Xu
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Dermatology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Integrative Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqian Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Mingxing Lei,
| | - Mingxing Lei
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqian Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Mingxing Lei,
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12
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Pillai VV, Kei TG, Gurung S, Das M, Siqueira LGB, Cheong SH, Hansen PJ, Selvaraj V. RhoA/ROCK signaling antagonizes bovine trophoblast stem cell self-renewal and regulates preimplantation embryo size and differentiation. Development 2022; 149:274909. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Exponential proliferation of trophoblast stem cells (TSC) is crucial in Ruminantia to maximize numerical access to caruncles, the restricted uterine sites that permit implantation. When translating systems biology of the undifferentiated bovine trophectoderm, we uncovered that inhibition of RhoA/Rock promoted self-renewing proliferation and substantially increased blastocyst size. Analysis of transcripts suppressed by Rock inhibition revealed transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) as a primary upstream effector. TGFβ1 treatment induced changes consistent with differentiation in bTSCs, a response that could be replicated by induced expression of the bovine ROCK2 transgene. Rocki could partially antagonize TGFβ1 effects, and TGFβ receptor inhibition promoted proliferation identical to Rocki, indicating an all-encompassing upstream regulation. Morphological differentiation included formation of binucleate cells and infrequent multinucleate syncytia, features we also localize in the in vivo bovine placenta. Collectively, we demonstrate a central role for TGFβ1, RhoA and Rock in inducing bTSC differentiation, attenuation of which is sufficient to sustain self-renewal and proliferation linked to blastocyst size and preimplantation development. Unraveling these mechanisms augments evolutionary/comparative physiology of the trophoblast cell lineage and placental development in eutherians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viju Vijayan Pillai
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tiffany G. Kei
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Shailesh Gurung
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Moubani Das
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Luiz G. B. Siqueira
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG 36038-330, Brazil
| | - Soon Hon Cheong
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Peter J. Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Vimal Selvaraj
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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13
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Chung H, Oh S, Shin HW, Lee Y, Lee H, Seok SH. Matrix Stiffening Enhances DNCB-Induced IL-6 Secretion in Keratinocytes Through Activation of ERK and PI3K/Akt Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 12:759992. [PMID: 34858412 PMCID: PMC8631934 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.759992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix stiffness, a critical physical property of the cellular environment, is implicated in epidermal homeostasis. In particular, matrix stiffening during the pathological progression of skin diseases appears to contribute to cellular responses of keratinocytes. However, it has not yet elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying matrix-stiffness-mediated signaling in coordination with chemical stimuli during inflammation and its effect on proinflammatory cytokine production. In this study, we demonstrated that keratinocytes adapt to matrix stiffening by increasing cell–matrix adhesion via actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Specifically, mechanosensing and signal transduction are coupled with chemical stimuli to regulate cytokine production, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production is elevated in keratinocytes on stiffer substrates in response to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. We demonstrated that β1 integrin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression were enhanced with increasing stiffness and activation of ERK and the PI3K/Akt pathway was involved in stiffening-mediated IL-6 production. Collectively, our results reveal the critical role of matrix stiffening in modulating the proinflammatory response of keratinocytes, with important clinical implications for skin diseases accompanied by pathological matrix stiffening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Chung
- Macrophages Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Endemic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seunghee Oh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Global Technology Center, Samsung Electronics, Co., Ltd., Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Shin
- Obstructive Upper airway Research (OUaR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunam Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyungsuk Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Seok
- Macrophages Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Endemic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Shen Z, Cao Y, Li M, Yan Y, Cheng R, Zhao Y, Shao Q, Wang J, Sang S. Construction of tissue-engineered skin with rete ridges using co-network hydrogels of gelatin methacrylated and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112360. [PMID: 34579879 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin, as a promising skin substitute, can be used for in vitro skin research and skin repair. However, most of research on tissue-engineered skin tend to ignore the rete ridges (RRs) microstructure, which enhances the adhesion between dermis and epidermis and provides a growth environment for epidermal stem cells. Here, we prepared and characterized photocurable gelatin methacrylated (GelMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) co-network hydrogels with different concentrations. Using a UV curing 3D printer, resin molds were designed and fabricated to create three-dimensional micropatterns and replicated onto GelMA-PEGDA scaffolds. Human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) were co-cultured on the hydrogel scaffold to prepare tissue-engineered skin. The results showed that 10%GelMA-2%PEGDA hydrogel provides the sufficient mechanical properties and biocompatibility to prepare a human skin model with RRs microstructure, that is, it presents excellent structural support, suitable degradation rate, good bioactivity and is suitable for long-term culturing. Digital microscope image analyses showed the micropattern was well-transferred onto the scaffold surface. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the formation of the epidermal layer with undulating microstructure. In wound healing experiments, hydrogel can significantly accelerate wound healing. This study provides a simple and powerful way to mimic the structures of human skin and can make a contribution to skin tissue engineering and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Shen
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; College of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Meng Li
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yayun Yan
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Rong Cheng
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Quan Shao
- General Hospital of TISCO, North Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- General Hospital of TISCO, North Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Shengbo Sang
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
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15
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Ryan C, Pugliese E, Shologu N, Gaspar D, Rooney P, Islam MN, O'Riordan A, Biggs M, Griffin M, Zeugolis D. A combined physicochemical approach towards human tenocyte phenotype maintenance. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100130. [PMID: 34632361 PMCID: PMC8488312 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During in vitro culture, bereft of their optimal tissue context, tenocytes lose their phenotype and function. Considering that tenocytes in their native tissue milieu are exposed simultaneously to manifold signals, combination approaches (e.g. growth factor supplementation and mechanical stimulation) are continuously gaining pace to control cell fate during in vitro expansion, albeit with limited success due to the literally infinite number of possible permutations. In this work, we assessed the potential of scalable and potent physicochemical approaches that control cell fate (substrate stiffness, anisotropic surface topography, collagen type I coating) and enhance extracellular matrix deposition (macromolecular crowding) in maintaining human tenocyte phenotype in culture. Cell morphology was primarily responsive to surface topography. The tissue culture plastic induced the largest nuclei area, the lowest aspect ratio, and the highest focal adhesion kinase. Collagen type I coating increased cell number and metabolic activity. Cell viability was not affected by any of the variables assessed. Macromolecular crowding intensely enhanced and accelerated native extracellular matrix deposition, albeit not in an aligned fashion, even on the grooved substrates. Gene analysis at day 14 revealed that the 130 kPa grooved substrate without collagen type I coating and under macromolecular crowding conditions positively regulated human tenocyte phenotype. Collectively, this work illustrates the beneficial effects of combined physicochemical approaches in controlling cell fate during in vitro expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.N.M. Ryan
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - E. Pugliese
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - N. Shologu
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - D. Gaspar
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - P. Rooney
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Md N. Islam
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - A. O'Riordan
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork (UCC), Cork, Ireland
| | - M.J. Biggs
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - M.D. Griffin
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - D.I. Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
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16
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Wahlsten A, Rütsche D, Nanni M, Giampietro C, Biedermann T, Reichmann E, Mazza E. Mechanical stimulation induces rapid fibroblast proliferation and accelerates the early maturation of human skin substitutes. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120779. [PMID: 33932701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The clinical treatment of large, full-thickness skin injuries with tissue-engineered autologous dermo-epidermal skin substitutes is an emerging alternative to split-thickness skin grafting. However, their production requires about one month of in vitro cell and tissue culture, which is a significant drawback for the treatment of patients with severe skin defects. With the aim to reduce the production time, we developed a new dynamic bioreactor setup that applies cyclic biaxial tension to collagen hydrogels for skin tissue engineering. By reliably controlling the time history of mechanical loading, the dynamic culturing results in a three-fold increase in collagen hydrogel stiffness and stimulates the embedded fibroblasts to enter the cell cycle. As a result, the number of fibroblasts is increased by 75% compared to under corresponding static culturing. Enhanced fibroblast proliferation promotes expression of dermal extracellular matrix proteins, keratinocyte proliferation, and the early establishment of the epidermis. The time required for early tissue maturation can therefore be reduced by one week. Analysis of the separate effects of cyclic loading, matrix stiffening, and interstitial fluid flow indicates that cyclic deformation is the dominant biophysical factor determining fibroblast proliferation, while tissue stiffening plays a lesser role. Local differences in the direction of deformation (in-plane equibiaxial vs. uniaxial strain) influence fibroblast orientation but not proliferation, nor the resulting tissue properties. Importantly, dynamic culturing does not activate fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. The present work demonstrates that control of mechanobiological cues can be very effective in driving cell response toward a shorter production time for human skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Wahlsten
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Rütsche
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monica Nanni
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Costanza Giampietro
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Reichmann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Edoardo Mazza
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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17
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Hegde A, Ananthan ASHP, Kashyap C, Ghosh S. Wound Healing by Keratinocytes: A Cytoskeletal Perspective. J Indian Inst Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-020-00219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Laly AC, Sliogeryte K, Pundel OJ, Ross R, Keeling MC, Avisetti D, Waseem A, Gavara N, Connelly JT. The keratin network of intermediate filaments regulates keratinocyte rigidity sensing and nuclear mechanotransduction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/5/eabd6187. [PMID: 33571121 PMCID: PMC7840118 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd6187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The keratin network of intermediate filaments provides keratinocytes with essential mechanical strength and resilience, but the contribution to mechanosensing remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of the keratin cytoskeleton in the response to altered matrix rigidity. We found that keratinocytes adapted to increasing matrix stiffness by forming a rigid, interconnected network of keratin bundles, in conjunction with F-actin stress fiber formation and increased cell stiffness. Disruption of keratin stability by overexpression of the dominant keratin 14 mutation R416P inhibited the normal mechanical response to substrate rigidity, reducing F-actin stress fibers and cell stiffness. The R416P mutation also impaired mechanotransduction to the nuclear lamina, which mediated stiffness-dependent chromatin remodeling. By contrast, depletion of the cytolinker plectin had the opposite effect and promoted increased mechanoresponsiveness and up-regulation of lamin A/C. Together, these results demonstrate that the keratin cytoskeleton plays a key role in matrix rigidity sensing and downstream signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Laly
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kristina Sliogeryte
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Oscar J Pundel
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rosie Ross
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael C Keeling
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Deepa Avisetti
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ahmad Waseem
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Núria Gavara
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Serra-Hunter Program, Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John T Connelly
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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19
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Roig-Rosello E, Rousselle P. The Human Epidermal Basement Membrane: A Shaped and Cell Instructive Platform That Aging Slowly Alters. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1607. [PMID: 33260936 PMCID: PMC7760980 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most important functions of skin is to act as a protective barrier. To fulfill this role, the structural integrity of the skin depends on the dermal-epidermal junction-a complex network of extracellular matrix macromolecules that connect the outer epidermal layer to the underlying dermis. This junction provides both a structural support to keratinocytes and a specific niche that mediates signals influencing their behavior. It displays a distinctive microarchitecture characterized by an undulating pattern, strengthening dermal-epidermal connectivity and crosstalk. The optimal stiffness arising from the overall molecular organization, together with characteristic anchoring complexes, keeps the dermis and epidermis layers extremely well connected and capable of proper epidermal renewal and regeneration. Due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, a large number of structural and biological changes accompany skin aging. These changes progressively weaken the dermal-epidermal junction substructure and affect its functions, contributing to the gradual decline in overall skin physiology. Most changes involve reduced turnover or altered enzymatic or non-enzymatic post-translational modifications, compromising the mechanical properties of matrix components and cells. This review combines recent and older data on organization of the dermal-epidermal junction, its mechanical properties and role in mechanotransduction, its involvement in regeneration, and its fate during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Roig-Rosello
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS-Université Lyon 1, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon, France;
- Roger Gallet SAS, 4 rue Euler, 75008 Paris, France
| | - Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS-Université Lyon 1, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon, France;
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Kleiser S, Nyström A. Interplay between Cell-Surface Receptors and Extracellular Matrix in Skin. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1170. [PMID: 32796709 PMCID: PMC7465455 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin consists of the epidermis and dermis, which are connected by a specialized basement membrane-the epidermal basement membrane. Both the epidermal basement membrane and the underlying interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) created by dermal fibroblasts contain distinct network-forming macromolecules. These matrices play various roles in order to maintain skin homeostasis and integrity. Within this complex interplay of cells and matrices, cell surface receptors play essential roles not only for inside-out and outside-in signaling, but also for establishing mechanical and biochemical properties of skin. Already minor modulations of this multifactorial cross-talk can lead to severe and systemic diseases. In this review, major epidermal and dermal cell surface receptors will be addressed with respect to their interactions with matrix components as well as their roles in fibrotic, inflammatory or tumorigenic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Kleiser
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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21
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Mertgen AS, Trossmann VT, Guex AG, Maniura-Weber K, Scheibel T, Rottmar M. Multifunctional Biomaterials: Combining Material Modification Strategies for Engineering of Cell-Contacting Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21342-21367. [PMID: 32286789 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the human body, cells in a tissue are exposed to signals derived from their specific extracellular matrix (ECM), such as architectural structure, mechanical properties, and chemical composition (proteins, growth factors). Research on biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine aims to recreate such stimuli using engineered materials to induce a specific response of cells at the interface. Although traditional biomaterials design has been mostly limited to varying individual signals, increasing interest has arisen on combining several features in recent years to improve the mimicry of extracellular matrix properties. Tremendous progress in combinatorial surface modification exploiting, for example, topographical features or variations in mechanics combined with biochemical cues has enabled the identification of their key regulatory characteristics on various cell fate decisions. Gradients especially facilitated such research by enabling the investigation of combined continuous changes of different signals. Despite unravelling important synergies for cellular responses, challenges arise in terms of fabrication and characterization of multifunctional engineered materials. This review summarizes recent work on combinatorial surface modifications that aim to control biological responses. Modification and characterization methods for enhanced control over multifunctional material properties are highlighted and discussed. Thereby, this review deepens the understanding and knowledge of biomimetic combinatorial material modification, their challenges but especially their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Mertgen
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Tanja Trossmann
- Lehrstuhl für Biomaterialien, Universität Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Strasse 1, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Anne Géraldine Guex
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Maniura-Weber
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Lehrstuhl für Biomaterialien, Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI), Bayreuther Zentrum für Kolloide und Grenzflächen (BZKG), Bayreuther Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (BZMB), Bayreuther Materialzentrum (BayMAT), Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Markus Rottmar
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
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22
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Davidson MD, Burdick JA, Wells RG. Engineered Biomaterial Platforms to Study Fibrosis. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901682. [PMID: 32181987 PMCID: PMC7274888 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many pathologic conditions lead to the development of tissue scarring and fibrosis, which are characterized by the accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) and changes in tissue mechanical properties. Cells within fibrotic tissues are exposed to dynamic microenvironments that may promote or prolong fibrosis, which makes it difficult to treat. Biomaterials have proved indispensable to better understand how cells sense their extracellular environment and are now being employed to study fibrosis in many tissues. As mechanical testing of tissues becomes more routine and biomaterial tools become more advanced, the impact of biophysical factors in fibrosis are beginning to be understood. Herein, fibrosis from a materials perspective is reviewed, including the role and mechanical properties of ECM components, the spatiotemporal mechanical changes that occur during fibrosis, current biomaterial systems to study fibrosis, and emerging biomaterial systems and tools that can further the understanding of fibrosis initiation and progression. This review concludes by highlighting considerations in promoting wide-spread use of biomaterials for fibrosis investigations and by suggesting future in vivo studies that it is hoped will inspire the development of even more advanced biomaterial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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23
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Miller AE, Hu P, Barker TH. Feeling Things Out: Bidirectional Signaling of the Cell-ECM Interface, Implications in the Mechanobiology of Cell Spreading, Migration, Proliferation, and Differentiation. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901445. [PMID: 32037719 PMCID: PMC7274903 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biophysical cues stemming from the extracellular environment are rapidly transduced into discernible chemical messages (mechanotransduction) that direct cellular activities-placing the extracellular matrix (ECM) as a potent regulator of cell behavior. Dynamic reciprocity between the cell and its associated matrix is essential to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and dysregulation of both ECM mechanical signaling, via pathological ECM turnover, and internal mechanotransduction pathways contribute to disease progression. This review covers the current understandings of the key modes of signaling used by both the cell and ECM to coregulate one another. By taking an outside-in approach, the inherent complexities and regulatory processes at each level of signaling (ECM, plasma membrane, focal adhesion, and cytoplasm) are captured to give a comprehensive picture of the internal and external mechanoregulatory environment. Specific emphasis is placed on the focal adhesion complex which acts as a central hub of mechanical signaling, regulating cell spreading, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In addition, a wealth of available knowledge on mechanotransduction is curated to generate an integrated signaling network encompassing the central components of the focal adhesion, cytoplasm and nucleus that act in concert to promote durotaxis, proliferation, and differentiation in a stiffness-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Thomas H Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
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24
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Biggs LC, Kim CS, Miroshnikova YA, Wickström SA. Mechanical Forces in the Skin: Roles in Tissue Architecture, Stability, and Function. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:284-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Devendran C, Carthew J, Frith JE, Neild A. Cell Adhesion, Morphology, and Metabolism Variation via Acoustic Exposure within Microfluidic Cell Handling Systems. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1902326. [PMID: 31871874 PMCID: PMC6918100 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic fields are capable of manipulating biological samples contained within the enclosed and highly controlled environment of a microfluidic chip in a versatile manner. The use of acoustic streaming to alter fluid flows and radiation forces to control cell locations has important clinical and life science applications. While there have been significant advances in the fundamental implementation of these acoustic mechanisms, there is a considerable lack of understanding of the associated biological effects on cells. Typically a single, simple viability assay is used to demonstrate a high proportion of living cells. However, the findings of this study demonstrate that acoustic exposure can inhibit cell attachment, decrease cell spreading, and most intriguingly increase cellular metabolic activity, all without any impact upon viability rates. This has important implications by showing that mortality studies alone are inadequate for the assessment of biocompatibility, but further demonstrates that physical manipulation of cells can also be used to influence their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citsabehsan Devendran
- Laboratory for Micro SystemsDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - James Carthew
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - Jessica E. Frith
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - Adrian Neild
- Laboratory for Micro SystemsDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
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26
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Alabi BR, LaRanger R, Shay JW. Decellularized mice colons as models to study the contribution of the extracellular matrix to cell behavior and colon cancer progression. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:213-222. [PMID: 31562987 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current 3D culture models to study colorectal cancer lack architectural support and signaling proteins provided by the tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) which may influence cell behavior and cancer progression. Therefore, the ability to study cancer cells in the context of a matrix that is physiologically more relevant and to understand how the ECM affects cancer progression has been understudied. To address this, we developed an ex-vivo 3D system, provided by intact wild type (WT) and colon cancer susceptible decellularized mouse colons (DMC), to support the growth of human cancer cells. DMC are free of viable cells but still contain extracellular matrix proteins including subsets of collagens. Stiffness, an important mechanical property, is also maintained in DMCs. Importantly, we observed that the DMC is permissive for cell proliferation and differentiation of a human colon cancer cell line (HT-29). Notably, the ability of cells in the WT DMC to differentiate was also greater when compared to Matrigel™, an extracellular matrix extract from a mouse tumor cell line. Additionally, we observed in invasion assays that DMC obtained from polyps from a colon cancer susceptible mouse model facilitated increased cell migration/invasion of colorectal cancer cells and immortalized non-tumor colonic epithelial cells compared to DMC from WT mice. Finally, using mass spectrometry, we identified extracellular matrix proteins that are more abundant in DMC from a colorectal cancer mouse model compared to age and sex-matched WT mice. We propose that these abundantly expressed proteins in the tumor microenvironment are potentially involved in colorectal cancer progression. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Decellularized matrices, when properly produced, are attractive biomaterials for tissue regeneration and replacement. We show here that the mouse decellularized matrices can also be repurposed to elucidate how the extracellular matrix influences human cell behavior and cancer progression. To do this we produce decellularized matrices, from mice colonic tissue, that have preserved tissue mechanical and structural properties. We demonstrate that the matrix better supports the differentiation of HT-29 cells, a colonic cancer cell line, compared to Matrigel™. Additionally, we show that the extracellular matrix contributes to colon cancer progression via invasion assays using extracellular matrix extracts. Finally, we use mass spectrometry to identify ECM proteins that are more abundant in colonic polyps compared to adjacent tissue regions. This model system may have therapeutic implications for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busola R Alabi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, United States
| | - Ryan LaRanger
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, United States
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, United States.
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27
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Substrate softness promotes terminal differentiation of human keratinocytes without altering their ability to proliferate back into a rigid environment. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:741-751. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Agarwal T, Narayana GH, Banerjee I. Keratinocytes are mechanoresponsive to the microflow-induced shear stress. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2019; 76:209-218. [PMID: 30969461 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Here, we have reported that keratinocytes respond to the microflow-induced shear stress both at the collective and individual cell level. Using a microfluidic setup, we categorically showed that low shear stress of magnitude 0.06 dyne/cm2 could induce morphological variation and cytoskeletal reorganization in keratinocyte, whereas higher shear stress (6 dyne/cm2 ) resulted in cellular disruption. Using a series of blocker molecules specific to different mechanotransducers, we demonstrated the pivotal role of actin network in keratinocyte mechanoresponsiveness in conjugation with myosin and lipid rafts. Flow-induced shear stress also induced significant elevation in E-cadherin and Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression levels. We further showed that under the influence of shear stress, the extent of colocalization of E-cadherin and ZO-1 was more at the cell-cell junction that indicates an improvement in the epithelial phenotype. An increase in the expression of nuclear lamin was also observed in the sheared cells that suggest the transmission of mechanical signals to the nucleus. It is envisioned that this study may find its application in basic and applied organogenesis of the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
| | - Gautham H Narayana
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India.,Jacques Monod Institute, Paris Diderot University & CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Indranil Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India
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Strassburg S, Caduc M, Stark GB, Jedrusik N, Tomakidi P, Steinberg T, Simunovic F, Finkenzeller G. In vivo evaluation of an electrospun gelatin nonwoven mat for regeneration of epithelial tissues. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1605-1614. [PMID: 30907052 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
One major objective in epithelial tissue engineering is to identify a suitable biomaterial that supports epithelial tissue formation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to elucidate a novel electrospun gelatin nonwoven mat (NWM) for epithelial tissue engineering purposes in vivo. This NWM was seeded with either human gingival keratinocytes (GK, in coculture with gingival fibroblast) or human skin epithelial keratinocytes (EK, in coculture with skin dermal fibroblasts). These constructs were ex vivo cultured for 4 days before subcutaneous implantation into athymic nude mice. After 7 days, the constructs were explanted and investigated by immunohistology. Our results show that GK form a stratified epithelium on the surface of the NWM, mostly independent of a fibroblastic counterpart. Like native mucosa, the regenerated epithelium showed expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokeratin-14 and -1, and involucrin. Only the expression of the basement membrane constituent laminin 5 was more pronounced in cocultures. Comparing GK and skin EK, we found that skin EK form a less developed epithelial tissue. Furthermore, the NWM allows not only for epithelial tissue formation by GK, but also for infiltration of human fibroblasts and mouse immune cells, thus representing a biomaterial with potential regenerative capacity for oral mucosa tissue engineering applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1605-1614, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Strassburg
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Madeline Caduc
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bjoern Stark
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Jedrusik
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Filip Simunovic
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Günter Finkenzeller
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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30
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Stiffness memory nanohybrid scaffolds generated by indirect 3D printing for biologically responsive soft implants. Acta Biomater 2018; 80:188-202. [PMID: 30223094 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell and tissue stiffness is an important biomechanical signalling parameter for dynamic biological processes; responsive polymeric materials conferring responsive functionality are therefore appealing for in vivo implants. We have developed thermoresponsive poly(urea-urethane) nanohybrid scaffolds with 'stiffness memory' through a versatile 3D printing-guided thermally induced phase separation (3D-TIPS) technique. 3D-TIPS, a combination of 3D printing with phase separation, allows uniform phase-separation and phase transition of the polymer solution at a large interface of network within the printed sacrificial preform, leading to the creation of full-scale scaffolds with bespoke anatomical complex geometry. A wide range of hyperelastic mechanical properties of the soft elastomer scaffolds with interconnected pores at multi-scale, controlled porosity and crystallinity have been manufactured, not previously achievable via direct printing techniques or phase-separation alone. Semi-crystalline polymeric reverse self-assembly to a ground-stated quasi-random nanophase structure, throughout a hierarchical structure of internal pores, contributes to gradual stiffness relaxation during in vitro cell culture with minimal changes to shape. This 'stiffness memory' provides initial mechanical support to surrounding tissues before gradually softening to a better mechanical match, raising hopes for personalized and biologically responsive soft tissue implants which promote human fibroblast cells growth as model and potential scaffold tissue integration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biological processes are dynamic in nature, however current medical implants are often stronger and stiffer than the surrounding tissue, with little adaptability in response to biological and physical stimuli. This work has contributed to the development of a range of thermoresponsive nanohybrid elastomer scaffolds, with tuneable stiffness and hierarchically interconnected porous structure, manufactured by a versatile indirect 3D printing technique. For the first time, stiffness memory of the scaffold was observed to be driven by phase transition and a reverse self-assembly from a semicrystalline phase to a quasi-random nanostructured rubber phase. Early insight into cell response during the stiffness relaxation of the scaffolds in vitro holds promise for personalized biologically responsive soft implants.
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