1
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Jang J, Park HJ, Seong W, Kim J, Kim C. Vimentin-mediated buffering of internal integrin β1 pool increases survival of cells from anoikis. BMC Biol 2024; 22:139. [PMID: 38915055 PMCID: PMC11197373 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intermediate filament protein vimentin is widely recognized as a molecular marker of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Although vimentin expression is strongly associated with cancer metastatic potential, the exact role of vimentin in cancer metastasis and the underlying mechanism of its pro-metastatic functions remain unclear. RESULTS This study revealed that vimentin can enhance integrin β1 surface expression and induce integrin-dependent clustering of cells, shielding them against anoikis cell death. The increased integrin β1 surface expression in suspended cells was caused by vimentin-mediated protection of the internal integrin β1 pool against lysosomal degradation. Additionally, cell detachment was found to induce vimentin Ser38 phosphorylation, allowing the translocation of internal integrin β1 to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the use of an inhibitor of p21-activated kinase PAK1, one of the kinases responsible for vimentin Ser38 phosphorylation, significantly reduced cancer metastasis in animal models. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that vimentin can act as an integrin buffer, storing internalized integrin β1 and releasing it when needed. Overall, this study provides insights regarding the strong correlation between vimentin expression and cancer metastasis and a basis for blocking metastasis using this novel therapeutic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyoung Seong
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, ON, Toronto, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Chungho Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Pradeau-Phélut L, Etienne-Manneville S. Cytoskeletal crosstalk: A focus on intermediate filaments. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 87:102325. [PMID: 38359728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton, comprising actin microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments, is crucial for cell motility and tissue integrity. While prior studies largely focused on individual cytoskeletal networks, recent research underscores the interconnected nature of these systems in fundamental cellular functions like adhesion, migration, and division. Understanding the coordination of these distinct networks in both time and space is essential. This review synthesizes current findings on the intricate interplay between these networks, emphasizing the pivotal role of intermediate filaments. Notably, these filaments engage in extensive crosstalk with microfilaments and microtubules through direct molecular interactions, cytoskeletal linkers, and molecular motors that form molecular bridges, as well as via more complex regulation of intracellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pradeau-Phélut
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur - CNRS UMR 3691, Université Paris-Cité, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, F-75015, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur - CNRS UMR 3691, Université Paris-Cité, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer 2023, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, F-75015, Paris, France.
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3
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Pruchniewski M, Sawosz E, Sosnowska-Ławnicka M, Ostrowska A, Łojkowski M, Koczoń P, Nakielski P, Kutwin M, Jaworski S, Strojny-Cieślak B. Nanostructured graphene oxide enriched with metallic nanoparticles as a biointerface to enhance cell adhesion through mechanosensory modifications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18639-18659. [PMID: 37975795 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03581f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructuring is a process involving surface manipulation at the nanometric level, which improves the mechanical and biological properties of biomaterials. Specifically, it affects the mechanotransductive perception of the microenvironment of cells. Mechanical force conversion into an electrical or chemical signal contributes to the induction of a specific cellular response. The relationship between the cells and growth surface induces a biointerface-modifying cytophysiology and consequently a therapeutic effect. In this study, we present the fabrication of graphene oxide (GO)-based nanofilms decorated with metallic nanoparticles (NPs) as potential coatings for biomaterials. Our investigation showed the effect of decorating GO with metallic NPs for the modification of the physicochemical properties of nanostructures in the form of nanoflakes and nanofilms. A comprehensive biocompatibility screening panel revealed no disturbance in the metabolic activity of human fibroblasts (HFFF2) and bone marrow stroma cells (HS-5) cultivated on the GO nanofilms decorated with gold and copper NPs, whereas a significant cytotoxic effect of the GO nanocomplex decorated with silver NPs was demonstrated. The GO nanofilm decorated with gold NPs beneficially managed early cell adhesion as a result of the transient upregulation of α1β5 integrin expression, acceleration of cellspreading, and formation of elongated filopodia. Additionally, the cells, sensing the substrate derived from the nanocomplex enriched with gold NPs, showed reduced elasticity and altered levels of vimentin expression. In the future, GO nanocomplexes decorated with gold NPs can be incorporated in the structure of architecturally designed biomimetic biomaterials as biocompatible nanostructuring agents with proadhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Pruchniewski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Malwina Sosnowska-Ławnicka
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maciej Łojkowski
- Faculty of Material Sciences and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Koczoń
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Nakielski
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kutwin
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Jaworski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Strojny-Cieślak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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4
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Grolleman J, van Engeland NCA, Raza M, Azimi S, Conte V, Sahlgren CM, Bouten CVC. Environmental stiffness restores mechanical homeostasis in vimentin-depleted cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18374. [PMID: 37884575 PMCID: PMC10603057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44835-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experimental evidence indicates a role for the intermediate filament vimentin in regulating cellular mechanical homeostasis, but its precise contribution remains to be discovered. Mechanical homeostasis requires a balanced bi-directional interplay between the cell's microenvironment and the cellular morphological and mechanical state-this balance being regulated via processes of mechanotransduction and mechanoresponse, commonly referred to as mechanoreciprocity. Here, we systematically analyze vimentin-expressing and vimentin-depleted cells in a swatch of in vitro cellular microenvironments varying in stiffness and/or ECM density. We find that vimentin-expressing cells maintain mechanical homeostasis by adapting cellular morphology and mechanics to micromechanical changes in the microenvironment. However, vimentin-depleted cells lose this mechanoresponse ability on short timescales, only to reacquire it on longer time scales. Indeed, we find that the morphology and mechanics of vimentin-depleted cell in stiffened microenvironmental conditions can get restored to the homeostatic levels of vimentin-expressing cells. Additionally, we observed vimentin-depleted cells increasing collagen matrix synthesis and its crosslinking, a phenomenon which is known to increase matrix stiffness, and which we now hypothesize to be a cellular compensation mechanism for the loss of vimentin. Taken together, our findings provide further insight in the regulating role of intermediate filament vimentin in mediating mechanoreciprocity and mechanical homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Grolleman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612AE, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole C A van Engeland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612AE, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbobo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Minahil Raza
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Åbobo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Sepinoud Azimi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Åbobo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Finland
- Department of Information and Communication Technology, Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2600GA, The Netherlands
| | - Vito Conte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612AE, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612AE, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands.
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbobo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612AE, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands.
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5
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Riegger J, Brenner RE. Increase of cell surface vimentin is associated with vimentin network disruption and subsequent stress-induced premature senescence in human chondrocytes. eLife 2023; 12:e91453. [PMID: 37855367 PMCID: PMC10622146 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of dysfunctional chondrocytes has detrimental consequences on the cartilagehomeostasis and is thus thought to play a crucial role during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis(OA). However, the underlying mechanisms of phenotypical alteration in chondrocytes areincompletely understood. Here, we provide evidence that disruption of the intracellularvimentin network and consequent phenotypical alteration in human chondrocytes results in anexternalization of the intermediate filament. The presence of the so-called cell surfacevimentin (CSV) on chondrocytes was associated with the severity of tissue degeneration inclinical OA samples and was enhanced after mechanical injury of cartilage tissue. By meansof a doxorubicine-based in vitro model of stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS), wecould confirm the connection between cellular senescence and amount of CSV. AlthoughsiRNA-mediated silencing of CDKN2A clearly reduced the senescent phenotype as well asCSV levels of human chondrocytes, cellular senescence could not be completely reversed.Interestingly, knockdown of vimentin resulted in a SIPS-like phenotype and consequentlyincreased CSV. Therefore, we concluded that the integrity of the intracellular vimentinnetwork is crucial to maintain cellular function in chondrocytes. This assumption could beconfirmed by chemically- induced collapse of the vimentin network, which resulted in cellularstress and enhanced CSV expression. Regarding its biological function, CSV was found to beassociated with enhanced chondrocyte adhesion and plasticity. While osteogenic capacitiesseemed to be enhanced in chondrocytes expressing high levels of CSV, the chondrogenicpotential was clearly compromised. Overall, our study reinforces the importance of thevimentin network in maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype and introduces CSV as anovel membrane-bound marker of dysfunctional chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Riegger
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopedics, University of UlmUlmGermany
| | - Rolf E Brenner
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopedics, University of UlmUlmGermany
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6
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Ostrowska-Podhorodecka Z, Ali A, Norouzi M, Ding I, Abbasi S, Arora PD, Wong THF, Magalhaes M, McCulloch CA. Vimentin-mediated myosin 10 aggregation at tips of cell extensions drives MT1-MMP-dependent collagen degradation in colorectal cancer. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23097. [PMID: 37440280 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300672r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a high prevalence adenocarcinoma with progressive increases in metastasis-related mortality, but the mechanisms governing the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation important for metastasis in CRC are not well-defined. We investigated a functional relationship between vimentin (Vim) and myosin 10 (Myo10), and whether this relationship is associated with cancer progression. We tested the hypothesis that Vim regulates the aggregation of Myo10 at the tips of cell extensions, which increases membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP)-associated local collagen proteolysis and ECM degradation. Analysis of CRC samples revealed colocalization of Vim with Myo10 and MT1-MMP in cell extensions adjacent to sites of collagen degradation, suggesting an association with local cell invasion. We analyzed cultured CRC cells and fibroblasts and found that Vim accelerates aggregation of Myo10 at cell tips, which increases the cell extension rate. Vim stabilizes the interaction of Myo10 with MT1-MMP, which in turn increases collagenolysis. Vim depletion reduced the aggregation of Myo10 at the cell extension tips and MT1-MMP-dependent collagenolysis. We propose that Vim interacts with Myo10, which in turn associates with MT1-MMP to facilitate the transport of these molecules to the termini of cell extensions and there enhance cancer invasion of soft connective tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aiman Ali
- Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masoud Norouzi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabel Ding
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sevil Abbasi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamma D Arora
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy H F Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco Magalhaes
- Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences Department, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Shao W, Li J, Piao Q, Yao X, Li M, Wang S, Song Z, Sun Y, Zheng L, Wang G, Liu L, Yu C, Huang Y, Bao Y, Sun L. FRMD3 inhibits the growth and metastasis of breast cancer through the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of vimentin and subsequent impairment of focal adhesion. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:13. [PMID: 36631457 PMCID: PMC9834407 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recurrence and metastasis are the main causes of breast cancer (BRCA)-related death and remain a challenge for treatment. In-depth research on the molecular mechanisms underlying BRCA progression has been an important basis for developing precise biomarkers and therapy targets for early prediction and treatment of progressed BRCA. Herein, we identified FERM domain-containing protein 3 (FRMD3) as a novel potent BRCA tumor suppressor which is significantly downregulated in BRCA clinical tissue and cell lines, and low FRMD3 expression has been closely associated with progressive BRCA and shortened survival time in BRCA patients. Overexpression and knockdown experiments have revealed that FRMD3 significantly inhibits BRCA cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and suppresses BRCA xenograft growth and metastasis in vivo as well. Mechanistically, FRMD3 can interact with vimentin and ubiquitin protein ligase E3A(UBE3A) to induce the polyubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of vimentin, which subsequently downregulates focal adhesion complex proteins and pro-cancerous signaling activation, thereby resulting in cytoskeletal rearrangement and defects in cell morphology and focal adhesion. Further evidence has confirmed that FRMD3-mediated vimentin degradation accounts for the anti-proliferation and anti-metastasis effects of FRMD3 on BRCA. Moreover, the N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain of FRMD3 has been identified as responsible for FRMD3-vimentin interaction through binding the head domain of vimentin and the truncated FRMD3 with the deletion of ubiquitin-like domain almost completely loses the anti-BRCA effects. Taken together, our study indicates significant potential for the use of FRMD3 as a novel prognosis biomarker and a therapeutic target of BRCA and provides an additional mechanism underlying the degradation of vimentin and BRCA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Shao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qianling Piao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xinlei Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Zhenbo Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ying Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Lihua Zheng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Guannan Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Lei Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Chunlei Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yanxin Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yongli Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Luguo Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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8
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Meng Y, Lin S, Niu K, Ma Z, Lin H, Fan H. Vimentin affects inflammation and neutrophil recruitment in airway epithelium during Streptococcus suis serotype 2 infection. Vet Res 2023; 54:7. [PMID: 36717839 PMCID: PMC9885403 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) frequently colonizes the swine upper respiratory tract and can cause Streptococcal disease in swine with clinical manifestations of pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia. Previously, we have shown that vimentin, a kind of intermediate filament protein, is involved in the penetration of SS2 through the tracheal epithelial barrier. The initiation of invasive disease is closely related to SS2-induced excessive local inflammation; however, the role of vimentin in airway epithelial inflammation remains unclear. Here, we show that vimentin deficient mice exhibit attenuated lung injury, diminished production of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and the IL-8 homolog, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), and substantially reduced neutrophils in the lungs following intranasal infection with SS2. We also found that swine tracheal epithelial cells (STEC) without vimentin show decreased transcription of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8. SS2 infection caused reassembly of vimentin in STEC, and pharmacological disruption of vimentin filaments prevented the transcription of those proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, deficiency of vimentin failed to increase the transcription of nucleotide oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2), which is known to interact with vimentin, and the phosphorylation of NF-κB protein p65. This study provides insights into how vimentin promotes excessive airway inflammation, thereby exacerbating airway injury and SS2-induced systemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Meng
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaojie Lin
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Niu
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huixing Lin
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China ,grid.268415.cJiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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9
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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Vimentin-Induced Disruption of Cell-Cell Associations Augments Breast Cancer Cell Migration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244035. [PMID: 36552797 PMCID: PMC9776984 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In advanced metastatic cancers with reduced patient survival and poor prognosis, expression of vimentin, a type III intermediate filament protein is frequently observed. Vimentin appears to suppress epithelial characteristics and augments cell migration but the molecular basis for these changes is not well understood. Here, we have ectopically expressed vimentin in MCF-7 and investigated its genomic and functional implications. Vimentin changed the cell shape by decreasing major axis, major axis angle and increased cell migration, without affecting proliferation. Vimentin downregulated major keratin genes KRT8, KRT18 and KRT19. Transcriptome-coupled GO and KEGG analyses revealed that vimentin-affected genes were linked to either cell-cell/cell-ECM or cell cycle/proliferation specific pathways. Using shRNA mediated knockdown of vimentin in two cell types; MCF-7FV (ectopically expressing) and MDA-MB-231 (endogenously expressing), we identified a vimentin-specific signature consisting of 13 protein encoding genes (CDH5, AXL, PTPRM, TGFBI, CDH10, NES, E2F1, FOXM1, CDC45, FSD1, BCL2, KIF26A and WISP2) and two long non-coding RNAs, LINC00052 and C15ORF9-AS1. CDH5, an endothelial cadherin, which mediates cell-cell junctions, was the most downregulated protein encoding gene. Interestingly, downregulation of CDH5 by shRNA significantly increased cell migration confirming our RNA-Seq data. Furthermore, presence of vimentin altered the lamin expression in MCF-7. Collectively, we demonstrate, for the first time, that vimentin in breast cancer cells could change nuclear architecture by affecting lamin expression, which downregulates genes maintaining cell-cell junctions resulting in increased cell migration.
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10
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Alexandrova A, Lomakina M. How does plasticity of migration help tumor cells to avoid treatment: Cytoskeletal regulators and potential markers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:962652. [PMID: 36278174 PMCID: PMC9582651 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.962652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor shrinkage as a result of antitumor therapy is not the only and sufficient indicator of treatment success. Cancer progression leads to dissemination of tumor cells and formation of metastases - secondary tumor lesions in distant organs. Metastasis is associated with acquisition of mobile phenotype by tumor cells as a result of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and further cell migration based on cytoskeleton reorganization. The main mechanisms of individual cell migration are either mesenchymal, which depends on the activity of small GTPase Rac, actin polymerization, formation of adhesions with extracellular matrix and activity of proteolytic enzymes or amoeboid, which is based on the increase in intracellular pressure caused by the enhancement of actin cortex contractility regulated by Rho-ROCK-MLCKII pathway, and does not depend on the formation of adhesive structures with the matrix, nor on the activity of proteases. The ability of tumor cells to switch from one motility mode to another depending on cell context and environmental conditions, termed migratory plasticity, contributes to the efficiency of dissemination and often allows the cells to avoid the applied treatment. The search for new therapeutic targets among cytoskeletal proteins offers an opportunity to directly influence cell migration. For successful treatment it is important to assess the likelihood of migratory plasticity in a particular tumor. Therefore, the search for specific markers that can indicate a high probability of migratory plasticity is very important.
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11
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Zhang X, Zhang Q, Shan Y, Xiao J, Cheng J, Ye F, Sai Y. Transcriptomic investigation of the effects of TDCPP on PC12 and GC2 cells with experimental validation. Gene X 2022; 822:146349. [PMID: 35182677 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TDCPP is a flame retardant which has nervous and reproductive toxicity. Although there is a close association between nervous and reproductive system, the exact toxic mechanism of TDCPP in these systems is still seldom, especially in a genome scale. In this study, we explored the transcriptomic landscape of TDCPP in PC12 and GC2 cells using RNAseq method. A total of 465 co-differential expressed genes were found. These genes were mainly enriched in extra-cellular matrix, cell adhesion, cell cycle arrest, oxidoreductase activity GO terms, and PI3K/AKT, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction KEGG pathways. Hub genes (ANXA1, COL27A1, GAS6, GNB4 and THBS1) were extracted using STRING and confirmed by qPCR experiment. Vimentin, HSPA5 and Caspase3 were proved to be responsible to TDCPP in GC2 and PC12 cells. Knockdown assay in PC12 cells showed that these hub genes could also affect the protein expression of vimentin, HSPA5 and Caspase3. In summary, TDCPP might exert its toxic effect through disturbing focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K/Akt pathways. One of the mechanisms could be influence on the cytoskeleton (vimentin), ER stress (HSPA5) and apoptosis (Caspase3). The sequence data in this study might be a useful resource for future TDCPP related researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qifu Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yaohui Shan
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jingsong Xiao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Sai
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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12
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Ndiaye AB, Koenderink GH, Shemesh M. Intermediate Filaments in Cellular Mechanoresponsiveness: Mediating Cytoskeletal Crosstalk From Membrane to Nucleus and Back. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:882037. [PMID: 35478961 PMCID: PMC9035595 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.882037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian cytoskeleton forms a mechanical continuum that spans across the cell, connecting the cell surface to the nucleus via transmembrane protein complexes in the plasma and nuclear membranes. It transmits extracellular forces to the cell interior, providing mechanical cues that influence cellular decisions, but also actively generates intracellular forces, enabling the cell to probe and remodel its tissue microenvironment. Cells adapt their gene expression profile and morphology to external cues provided by the matrix and adjacent cells as well as to cell-intrinsic changes in cytoplasmic and nuclear volume. The cytoskeleton is a complex filamentous network of three interpenetrating structural proteins: actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. Traditionally the actin cytoskeleton is considered the main contributor to mechanosensitivity. This view is now shifting owing to the mounting evidence that the three cytoskeletal filaments have interdependent functions due to cytoskeletal crosstalk, with intermediate filaments taking a central role. In this Mini Review we discuss how cytoskeletal crosstalk confers mechanosensitivity to cells and tissues, with a particular focus on the role of intermediate filaments. We propose a view of the cytoskeleton as a composite structure, in which cytoskeletal crosstalk regulates the local stability and organization of all three filament families at the sub-cellular scale, cytoskeletal mechanics at the cellular scale, and cell adaptation to external cues at the tissue scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michal Shemesh
- *Correspondence: Michal Shemesh, ; Gijsje H. Koenderink,
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13
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Fan C, Shi X, Zhao K, Wang L, Shi K, Liu YJ, Li H, Ji B, Jiu Y. Cell migration orchestrates migrasome formation by shaping retraction fibers. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213015. [PMID: 35179563 PMCID: PMC9195050 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202109168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Migrasomes are recently discovered vesicle-like structures on retraction fibers of migrating cells that have been linked with transfer of cellular contents, shedding of unwanted materials, and information integration. However, whether and how the cell migration paradigm regulates migrasome formation is not clear. Here, we report that there are significantly fewer migrasomes in turning cells compared with straight persistently migrating cells. The major insight underlying this observation is that as the cells elongate, their rear ends become narrower, subsequently resulting in fewer retraction fibers during impersistent migration. In addition to migration persistence, we reveal that migration speed positively corelates with migrasome formation, owing to the derived length of retraction fibers. Substantiating our hypothesis, genetically removing vimentin compromises cell migration speed and persistence and leads to fewer migrasomes. Together, our data explicate the critical roles of two cell migration patterns, persistence and speed, in the control of migrasome formation by regulating retraction fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Fan
- Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemeng Shi
- The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaikai Zhao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China.,Biomechanics and Mechanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Shi
- The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baohua Ji
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China.,Biomechanics and Mechanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaming Jiu
- Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Joint Program in Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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14
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Ostrowska-Podhorodecka Z, Ding I, Norouzi M, McCulloch CA. Impact of Vimentin on Regulation of Cell Signaling and Matrix Remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:869069. [PMID: 35359446 PMCID: PMC8961691 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.869069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin expression contributes to cellular mechanoprotection and is a widely recognized marker of fibroblasts and of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. But it is not understood how vimentin affects signaling that controls cell migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Recent data indicate that vimentin controls collagen deposition and ECM structure by regulating contractile force application to the ECM and through post-transcriptional regulation of ECM related genes. Binding of cells to the ECM promotes the association of vimentin with cytoplasmic domains of adhesion receptors such as integrins. After initial adhesion, cell-generated, myosin-dependent forces and signals that impact vimentin structure can affect cell migration. Post-translational modifications of vimentin determine its adaptor functions, including binding to cell adhesion proteins like paxillin and talin. Accordingly, vimentin regulates the growth, maturation and adhesive strength of integrin-dependent adhesions, which enables cells to tune their attachment to collagen, regulate the formation of cell extensions and control cell migration through connective tissues. Thus, vimentin tunes signaling cascades that regulate cell migration and ECM remodeling. Here we consider how specific properties of vimentin serve to control cell attachment to the underlying ECM and to regulate mesenchymal cell migration and remodeling of the ECM by resident fibroblasts.
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15
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Metastasising Fibroblasts Show an HDAC6-Dependent Increase in Migration Speed and Loss of Directionality Linked to Major Changes in the Vimentin Interactome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041961. [PMID: 35216078 PMCID: PMC8880509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasising cells express the intermediate filament protein vimentin, which is used to diagnose invasive tumours in the clinic. We aimed to clarify how vimentin regulates the motility of metastasising fibroblasts. STED super-resolution microscopy, live-cell imaging and quantitative proteomics revealed that oncogene-expressing and metastasising fibroblasts show a less-elongated cell shape, reduced cell spreading, increased cell migration speed, reduced directionality, and stronger coupling between these migration parameters compared to normal control cells. In total, we identified and compared 555 proteins in the vimentin interactome. In metastasising cells, the levels of keratin 18 and Rab5C were increased, while those of actin and collagen were decreased. Inhibition of HDAC6 reversed the shape, spreading and migration phenotypes of metastasising cells back to normal. Inhibition of HDAC6 also decreased the levels of talin 1, tropomyosin, Rab GDI β, collagen and emilin 1 in the vimentin interactome, and partially reversed the nanoscale vimentin organisation in oncogene-expressing cells. These findings describe the changes in the vimentin interactome and nanoscale distribution that accompany the defective cell shape, spreading and migration of metastasising cells. These results support the hypothesis that oncogenes can act through HDAC6 to regulate the vimentin binding of the cytoskeletal and cell–extracellular matrix adhesion components that contribute to the defective motility of metastasising cells.
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16
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Vimentin: Regulation and pathogenesis. Biochimie 2022; 197:96-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Swoger M, Gupta S, Charrier EE, Bates M, Hehnly H, Patteson AE. Vimentin Intermediate Filaments Mediate Cell Morphology on Viscoelastic Substrates. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:552-561. [PMID: 34995457 PMCID: PMC8864613 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The ability of cells to take and
change shape is a fundamental
feature underlying development, wound repair, and tissue maintenance.
Central to this process is physical and signaling interactions between
the three cytoskeletal polymeric networks: F-actin, microtubules,
and intermediate filaments (IFs). Vimentin is an IF protein that is
essential to the mechanical resilience of cells and regulates cross-talk
among the cytoskeleton, but its role in how cells sense and respond
to the surrounding extracellular matrix is largely unclear. To investigate
vimentin’s role in substrate sensing, we designed polyacrylamide
hydrogels that mimic the elastic and viscoelastic nature of in vivo tissues. Using wild-type and vimentin-null mouse
embryonic fibroblasts, we show that vimentin enhances cell spreading
on viscoelastic substrates, even though it has little effect in the
limit of purely elastic substrates. Our results provide compelling
evidence that vimentin modulates how cells sense and respond to their
environment and thus plays a key role in cell mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxx Swoger
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Sarthak Gupta
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Elisabeth E Charrier
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 13210, United States
| | - Michael Bates
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Heidi Hehnly
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Alison E Patteson
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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18
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Lv J, Pan Z, Chen J, Xu R, Wang D, Huang J, Dong Y, Jiang J, Yin X, Cheng H, Guo X. Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals Downstream PKA Effectors of AKAP Cypher/ZASP in the Pathogenesis of Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:753072. [PMID: 34966794 PMCID: PMC8710605 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.753072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure worldwide. The Z-line protein Cypher/Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ-motif protein (ZASP) is closely associated with DCM, both clinically and in animal models. Our earlier work revealed Cypher/ZASP as a PKA-anchoring protein (AKAP) that tethers PKA to phosphorylate target substrates. However, the downstream PKA effectors regulated by AKAP Cypher/ZASP and their relevance to DCM remain largely unknown.Methods and Results: For the identification of candidate PKA substrates, global quantitative phosphoproteomics was performed on cardiac tissue from wild-type and Cypher-knockout mice with PKA activation. A total of 216 phosphopeptides were differentially expressed in the Cypher-knockout mice; 31 phosphorylation sites were selected as candidates using the PKA consensus motifs. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that differentially expressed proteins were enriched mostly in cell adhesion and mRNA processing. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser675 was verified to be facilitated by Cypher. This phosphorylation promoted the transcriptional activity of β-catenin, and also the proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that Cypher colocalised with β-catenin in the intercalated discs (ICD) and altered the cytoplasmic distribution of β-catenin. Moreover, the phosphorylation of two other PKA substrates, vimentin Ser72 and troponin I Ser23/24, was suppressed by Cypher deletion.Conclusions: Cypher/ZASP plays an essential role in β-catenin activation via Ser675 phosphorylation, which modulates cardiomyocyte proliferation. Additionally, Cypher/ZASP regulates other PKA effectors, such as vimentin Ser72 and troponin I Ser23/24. These findings establish the AKAP Cypher/ZASP as a signalling hub in the progression of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialan Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongfei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongqiang Cheng
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Xiaogang Guo
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19
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Janmey PA, Hinz B, McCulloch CA. Physics and Physiology of Cell Spreading in Two and Three Dimensions. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:382-391. [PMID: 34704856 PMCID: PMC8560373 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00020.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells spread on surfaces and within three-dimensional (3-D) matrixes as they grow, divide, and move. Both chemical and physical signals orchestrate spreading during normal development, wound healing, and pathological states such as fibrosis and tumor growth. Diverse molecular mechanisms drive different forms of cell spreading. This article discusses mechanisms by which cells spread in 2-D and 3-D and illustrates new directions in studies of this aspect of cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Boris Hinz
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Bayir E, Sendemir A. Role of Intermediate Filaments in Blood-Brain Barrier in Health and Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061400. [PMID: 34198868 PMCID: PMC8226756 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective cellular monolayer unique to the microvasculature of the central nervous system (CNS), and it mediates the communication of the CNS with the rest of the body by regulating the passage of molecules into the CNS microenvironment. Limitation of passage of substances through the BBB is mainly due to tight junctions (TJ) and adherens junctions (AJ) between brain microvascular endothelial cells. The importance of actin filaments and microtubules in establishing and maintaining TJs and AJs has been indicated; however, recent studies have shown that intermediate filaments are also important in the formation and function of cell–cell junctions. The most common intermediate filament protein in endothelial cells is vimentin. Vimentin plays a role in blood–brain barrier permeability in both cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions by affecting the actin and microtubule reorganization and by binding directly to VE-cadherin or integrin proteins. The BBB permeability increases due to the formation of stress fibers and the disruption of VE–cadherin interactions between two neighboring cells in various diseases, disrupting the fiber network of intermediate filament vimentin in different ways. Intermediate filaments may be long ignored key targets in regulation of BBB permeability in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Bayir
- Ege University Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center (EGE-MATAL), Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Aylin Sendemir
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Technologies, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-232-3114817
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21
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Ho Thanh MT, Grella A, Kole D, Ambady S, Wen Q. Vimentin intermediate filaments modulate cell traction force but not cell sensitivity to substrate stiffness. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2021; 78:293-302. [PMID: 33993652 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability of cells to sense and respond to the mechanical stiffness of the surrounding matrix is important to support normal cell function, wound healing, and development. Central to the process of durosensing is the cytoskeleton composed of three classes of filaments: F-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs). Vimentin is an IF protein that contributes significantly to cell mechanics and cell traction force, which is required to probe extracellular matrix. The role of vimentin in how cells sense and respond to the mechanical rigidity of extracellular matrix is largely unclear. To investigate the role of vimentin in durosensing, we knocked down the vimentin expression level in 3T3 fibroblasts using shRNA transfection and measured cellular responses as functions of substrate stiffness. We quantified durosensitivity by the rates at which cell area and traction force change with substrate stiffness. Our results show that that vimentin plays a role in durosensing by modulating traction force and knocking out vimentin did not significantly affect durosensitivity. These results indicate that vimentin may be a redundant component of the machinery that cells use to sense substrate stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Tri Ho Thanh
- Physics Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandra Grella
- Biology & Biotechnology Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Denis Kole
- Biology & Biotechnology Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sakthikumar Ambady
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qi Wen
- Physics Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Ostrowska-Podhorodecka Z, McCulloch CA. Vimentin regulates the assembly and function of matrix adhesions. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:602-612. [PMID: 33887795 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The intermediate filament protein vimentin is a widely used phenotypic marker for identifying cells of the mesenchymal linkage such as fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, but the full repertoire of vimentin's functional attributes has not been fully explored. Here we consider how vimentin, in addition to its contributions to mechanical stabilization of cell structure, also helps to control the assembly of cell adhesions and migration through collagen matrices. While the assembly and function of matrix adhesions are critical for the differentiation of myofibroblasts and many other types of adherent cells, a potential mechanism that explains how vimentin affects the recruitment and abundance of centrally important proteins in cell adhesions has been elusive. Here we review recent data indicating that vimentin plays a central regulatory role in the assembly of focal adhesions which form in response to the attachment to collagen. We show that in particular, vimentin is a key organizer of the β1 integrin adhesive machinery, which affects cell migration through collagen. This review provides a comprehensive picture of the surprisingly broad array of processes and molecules with which vimentin interacts to affect cell function in the context of fibroblast and myofibroblast adhesion and migration on collagen.
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23
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First person – Zofia Ostrowska-Podhorodecka. J Cell Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Zofia Ostrowska-Podhorodecka is first author on ‘Vimentin tunes cell migration on collagen by controlling β1 integrin activation and clustering’, published in JCS. Zofia is a postdoctoral fellow in the lab of Christopher A. McCulloch, University of Toronto, Canada, where her research focuses on the mechanisms of vimentin-dependent regulation of cell adhesion and cell extension formation.
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