1
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Carlson ML, Stoddard MC. Evolution of Plumage Patterns in a Pattern Morphospace: A Phylogenetic Analysis of Melanerpine Woodpeckers. Am Nat 2024; 203:55-72. [PMID: 38207134 DOI: 10.1086/727508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
AbstractPlumage patterns of melanerpine (Melanerpes-Sphyrapicus) woodpeckers are strikingly diverse. Understanding the evolution and function of this diversity is challenging because of the difficulty of quantifying plumage patterns. We use a three-dimensional space to characterize the evolution of melanerpine achromatic plumage patterns. The axes of the space are three pattern features (spatial frequency, orientation, and contrast) quantified using two-dimensional fast Fourier transformation of museum specimen images. Mapping plumage in pattern space reveals differences in how species and subclades occupy the space. To quantify these differences, we derive two new measures of pattern: pattern diversity (diversity across plumage patches within a species) and pattern uniqueness (divergence of patterns from those of other species). We estimate that the melanerpine ancestor had mottled plumage and find that pattern traits across patches and subclades evolve at different rates. We also find that smaller species are more likely to display horizontal face patterning. We promote pattern spaces as powerful tools for investigating animal pattern evolution.
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2
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Fukutomi Y, Takahashi A, Koshikawa S. Thermal plasticity of wing size and wing spot size in Drosophila guttifera. Dev Genes Evol 2023; 233:77-89. [PMID: 37332038 PMCID: PMC10746645 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-023-00705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Thermal plasticity of melanin pigmentation patterns in Drosophila species has been studied as a model to investigate developmental mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity. The developmental process of melanin pigmentation patterns on wings of Drosophila is divided into two parts, prepattern specification during the pupal period and wing vein-dependent transportation of melanin precursors after eclosion. Which part can be affected by thermal changes? To address this question, we used polka-dotted melanin spots on wings of Drosophila guttifera, whose spot areas are specified by wingless morphogen. In this research, we reared D. guttifera at different temperatures to test whether wing spots show thermal plasticity. We found that wing size becomes larger at lower temperature and that different spots have different reaction norms. Furthermore, we changed the rearing temperature in the middle of the pupal period and found that the most sensitive developmental periods for wing size and spot size are different. The results suggest that the size control mechanisms for the thermal plasticity of wing size and spot size are independent. We also found that the most sensitive stage for spot size was part of the pupal period including stages at which wingless is expressed in the polka-dotted pattern. Therefore, it is suggested that temperature change might affect the prepattern specification process and might not affect transportation through wing veins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Fukutomi
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, 192-0397, Japan.
| | - Aya Takahashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Koshikawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10W5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, N10W5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
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3
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Promy NT, Newberry M, Gulisija D. Rapid evolution of phenotypic plasticity in patchy habitats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19158. [PMID: 37932330 PMCID: PMC10628295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity may evolve rapidly, enabling a population's persistence in the face of sudden environmental change. Rapid evolution can occur when there is considerable genetic polymorphism at selected loci. We propose that balancing selection could be one of the mechanisms that sustain such polymorphism for plasticity. We use stochastic Monte Carlo simulations and deterministic analysis to investigate the evolution of a plasticity modifier locus in structured populations inhabiting favorable and adverse environments, i.e. patchy habitats. We survey a wide range of parameters including selective pressures on a target (structural) locus, plasticity effects, population sizes, and migration patterns between demes including periodic or continuous bidirectional and source-sink dynamics. We find that polymorphism in phenotypic plasticity can be maintained under a wide range of environmental scenarios in both favorable and adverse environments due to the balancing effect of population structure in patchy habitats. This effect offers a new plausible explanation for the rapid evolution of plasticity in nature: Phenotypic plasticity may rapidly evolve from genetic variation maintained by balancing selection if the population has experienced immigration from populations under different selection regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawsheen T Promy
- Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - Mitchell Newberry
- Center for the Study of Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, 219 Yale Boulevard NE, 3566 Castetter Hall, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Davorka Gulisija
- Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, 219 Yale Boulevard NE, 3566 Castetter Hall, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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4
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Heo S, Cho S, Dinh PTN, Park J, Jin DH, Cha J, Kim YK, Koh YJ, Lee SH, Lee JH. A genome-wide association study for eumelanin pigmentation in chicken plumage using a computer vision approach. Anim Genet 2023; 54:355-362. [PMID: 36855963 DOI: 10.1111/age.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Chicken plumage colouration is an important trait related to productivity in poultry industry. Therefore, the genetic basis for pigmentation in chicken plumage is an area of great interest. However, the colour trait is generally regarded as a qualitative trait and representing colour variations is difficult. In this study, we developed a method to quantify and classify colour using an F2 population crossed from two pure lines: White Leghorn and the Korean indigenous breed Yeonsan Ogye. Using red, green, and blue values in the cropped body region, we identified significant genomic regions on chromosomes 33:3 160 480-7 447 197 and Z:78 748 287-79 173 793. Furthermore, we identified two potential candidate genes (PMEL and MTAP) that might have significant effects on melanin-based plumage pigmentation. Our study presents a new phenotyping method using a computer vision approach and provides new insights into the genetic basis of melanin-based feather colouration in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonyeong Heo
- Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sunghyun Cho
- Research and Development Center, Insilicogen Inc., Yongin, South Korea
| | | | - Jongho Park
- Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeok Jin
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Hamyang, South Korea
| | - Jihye Cha
- Animal Genome & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Young-Kuk Kim
- Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Koh
- Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jun Heon Lee
- Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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5
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Nokelainen O, Galarza JA, Kirvesoja J, Suisto K, Mappes J. Genetic colour variation visible for predators and conspecifics is concealed from humans in a polymorphic moth. J Evol Biol 2022; 35:467-478. [PMID: 35239231 PMCID: PMC9314616 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The definition of colour polymorphism is intuitive: genetic variants express discretely coloured phenotypes. This classification is, however, elusive as humans form subjective categories or ignore differences that cannot be seen by human eyes. We demonstrate an example of a ‘cryptic morph’ in a polymorphic wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis), a phenomenon that may be common among well‐studied species. We used pedigree data from nearly 20,000 individuals to infer the inheritance of hindwing colouration. The evidence supports a single Mendelian locus with two alleles in males: WW and Wy produce the white and yy the yellow hindwing colour. The inheritance could not be resolved in females as their hindwing colour varies continuously with no clear link with male genotypes. Next, we investigated if the male genotype can be predicted from their phenotype by machine learning algorithms and by human observers. Linear discriminant analysis grouped male genotypes with 97% accuracy, whereas humans could only group the yy genotype. Using vision modelling, we also tested whether the genotypes have differential discriminability to humans, moth conspecifics and their bird predators. The human perception was poor separating the genotypes, but avian and moth vision models with ultraviolet sensitivity could separate white WW and Wy males. We emphasize the importance of objective methodology when studying colour polymorphism. Our findings indicate that by‐eye categorization methods may be problematic, because humans fail to see differences that can be visible for relevant receivers. Ultimately, receivers equipped with different perception than ours may impose selection to morphs hidden from human sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ossi Nokelainen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juan A Galarza
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jimi Kirvesoja
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kaisa Suisto
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Mappes
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Wcislo WT. A Dual Role for Behavior in Evolution and Shaping Organismal Selective Environments. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012921-052523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that evolved behaviors play a determining role in facilitating and impeding the evolution of other traits has been discussed for more than 100 years with little consensus beyond an agreement that the ideas are theoretically plausible in accord with the Modern Synthesis. Many recent reviews of the genomic, epigenetic, and developmental mechanisms underpinning major behavioral transitions show how facultative expression of novel behaviors can lead to the evolution of obligate behaviors and structures that enhance behavioral function. Phylogenetic and genomic studies indicate that behavioral traits are generally evolutionarily more labile than other traits and that they help shape selective environments on the latter traits. Adaptive decision-making to encounter resources and avoid stress sources requires specific sensory inputs, which behaviorally shape selective environments by determining those features of the external world that are biologically relevant. These recent findings support the hypothesis of a dual role for behavior in evolution and are consistent with current evolutionary theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Wcislo
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
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7
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McDermott MT, Safran RJ. Sensitive periods during the development and expression of vertebrate sexual signals: A systematic review. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14416-14432. [PMID: 34765116 PMCID: PMC8571593 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many sexually selected traits exhibit phenotypic plasticity. Despite a growing appreciation for the ecological context in which sexual selection occurs, and for the role of plasticity in shaping traits associated with local adaptation and divergence, there is an important gap in knowledge about the onset and duration of plasticity in sexual trait expression. Integrating this temporal dimension of plasticity into models of sexual selection informs our understanding of the information conveyed by sexual traits and our predictions related to trait evolution, and is critical in this time of unprecedented and rapid environmental change. We conducted a systematic review of 869 studies to ask how trait modalities (e.g., visual and chemical) relate to the onset and duration of plasticity in vertebrate sexual signals. We show that this literature is dominated by studies of coloration in birds and fish, and most studies take place during the breeding season. Where possible, we integrate results across studies to link physiology of specific trait modalities with the life stage (e.g., juvenile, breeding, or nonbreeding) during which plasticity occurs in well-studied traits. Limitations of our review included a lack of replication in our dataset, which precluded formal analysis. We argue that the timing of trait plasticity, in addition to environmental context, is critical for determining whether and how various communication signals are associated with ecological context, because plasticity may be ongoing or occur at only one point in an individual's lifetime, and determining a fixed trajectory of trait expression. We advocate for careful consideration of the onset and duration of plasticity when analyzing how environmental variation affects sexual trait expression and associated evolutionary outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly T. McDermott
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA
| | - Rebecca J. Safran
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA
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8
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Sexual Dimorphism in Morphology and Plumage of Endangered Yuma Ridgway's Rails: A Model for Documenting Sex. JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.3996/jfwm-20-095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Many applications in wildlife management require knowledge of the sex of individual animals. The Yuma Ridgway's rail Rallus obsoletus yumanensis is an endangered marsh bird with monomorphic plumage and secretive behaviors, thereby complicating sex determination in field studies. We collected morphometric measurements from 270 adult Yuma Ridgway's rails and quantified the plumage and mandible color of 91 of those individuals throughout their geographic range to evaluate intersexual differences in morphology and coloration. We genetically sexed a subset of adult Yuma Ridgway's rails (n = 101) and used these individuals to determine the optimal combination of measurements (based on discriminant function analyses) to distinguish between sexes. Males averaged significantly larger than females in all measurements, and the optimal discriminant function contained whole leg, culmen, and tail measurements and classified correctly 97.8% (95% CI: 92.5–100.0%) of genetically sexed individuals. We used two additional functions that classified correctly ≥ 95.6% of genetically sexed Yuma Ridgway's rails to assign sex to individuals with missing measurements. These simple models provide managers and researchers with a practical tool to determine the sex of Yuma Ridgway's rails based on morphometric measurements. Although color measurements were not in the most accurate discriminant functions, we quantified subtle intersexual differences in the color of mandibles and greater coverts of Yuma Ridgway's rails. These results document sex-specific patterns in coloration that allow future researchers to test hypotheses to determine the mechanisms underlying sex-based differences in plumage coloration.
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9
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Oh KP, Shaw KL. Axes of multivariate sexual signal divergence among incipient species: Concordance with selection, genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity. J Evol Biol 2021; 35:109-123. [PMID: 34668602 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sexual signalling traits are often observed to diverge rapidly among populations, thereby playing a potentially key early role in the evolution of reproductive isolation. While often assumed to reflect divergent sexual selection among populations, patterns of sexual trait diversification might sometimes be biased along axes of standing additive genetic variation and covariation among trait components. Additionally, theory predicts that environmentally induced phenotypic variation might facilitate rapid trait evolution, suggesting that patterns of divergence between populations should mirror phenotypic plasticity within populations. Here, we evaluate the concordance between observed axes of multivariate sexual trait divergence and predicted divergence based on (1) interpopulation variation in sexual selection, (2) additive genetic variances and (3) temperature-related phenotypic plasticity in male courtship song among geographically isolated populations of the Hawaiian swordtail cricket, Laupala cerasina, which exhibit sexual isolation due acoustic signalling traits. The major axis of multivariate divergence, dmax , accounted for 76% of variation among population male song trait means and was moderately correlated with interpopulation differences in directional sexual selection based on female preferences. However, the majority of additive genetic variance was largely oriented away from the direction of divergence, suggesting that standing genetic variation may not play a dominant role in the patterning of signal divergence. In contrast, the axis of phenotypic plasticity strongly mirrored patterns of interpopulation phenotypic divergence, which is consistent with a role for temperature-related plasticity in facilitating instead of inhibiting male song evolution and sexual isolation in these incipient species. We propose potential mechanisms by which sexual selection might interact with phenotypic plasticity to facilitate the rapid acoustic diversification observed in this species and clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Oh
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Kerry L Shaw
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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10
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Frommen JG, Thünken T, Santostefano F, Balzarini V, Hettyey A. Effects of chronic and acute predation risk on sexual ornamentation and mating preferences. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arab116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is widespread in animals. Still, how plastic responses to predator presence affect traits under sexual selection and influence mating preferences is not well understood. Here, we examined how simulated chronic predator presence during development and acute predator presence during mate choice affect the expression of male secondary sexual traits and female mating preference in the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Males reared under chronic predator presence developed less intense red breeding coloration but showed higher courtship activity than males that grew up in a predator-free environment. Acute predator presence during mate choice trials did not influence male behavior or ornamentation. Predator presence experienced during development did not affect female mating preferences, whereas acute predator presence altered preferences for male courtship activity. Male body size and eye coloration influenced the intensity of female mating preferences, while the trait changing most in response to predator presence during development (red coloration) had no significant impact. The observed interplay between developmental plasticity in male ornamental traits and environment-dependent female mating preferences may lead to dynamic processes altering the strength and direction of sexual selection depending on both the chronic and acute risk of predation. These processes may contribute to the maintenance of within- and among-population variation in secondary sexual traits, and may, ultimately, facilitate speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim G Frommen
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstr. 1a, 1160 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstr. 50a, 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
- Conservation, Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour Research Group, Ecology and Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Timo Thünken
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstr. 50a, 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Santostefano
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstr. 1a, 1160 Vienna, Austria
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valentina Balzarini
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstr. 1a, 1160 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Wohlenstr. 50a, 3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Attila Hettyey
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstr. 1a, 1160 Vienna, Austria
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest 1022, Hungary
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11
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Urbánková G, Riegert J, Mladěnková N, Kolářová P, Eliáš Z, Sedláček F. Behavioural plasticity of motor personality traits in the common vole under three-day continual observation in a test box. Behav Processes 2021; 188:104418. [PMID: 33971250 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In animals, behavioural personality traits have been well-documented in a wide array of species. However, these traits, different between individuals, are not completely stable in individuals. They show behavioural plasticity like many other phenotypic traits. This plasticity is able to overcome some weak aspects of personality trait behavioural strategy. In the present study, we examined the relationship between motor personality traits and behavioural plasticity in the common vole (Microtus arvalis) using a PhenoTyper (PT) box (Noldus). During a three-day test, four behavioural motor activity parameters were monitored in 47 voles: distance moved, (loco)motion duration, motion change frequency, sprint duration. Consistency repeatability (RC) of the parameters from the PT test was very high, with all values ≥ 0.91. To select the best linear mixed-effect models (LMMs), several predictors (test day, sex, body weight) were tested. Only test day had a significant effect on the dependent variables and other predictors did not improve the LMMs. Further, we found significant effects of random intercepts (motor personality traits) and slopes (behavioural plasticity), as well as significant negative correlations between them for all behavioural parameters. Our results indicate that motor personality traits were connected with behavioural plasticity. Moreover, we revealed a significant positive correlation between the random slopes of (loco)motion duration and motion change frequency. This relationship could indicate some central plasticity of motor personality traits. In conclusion, negative correlations between the motor personality traits and the behavioural plasticity demonstrate expression of convergent tendency from both opposite trait values. This corresponds with different ideas on ability to compensate personality effects or to prepare for potential future conditions. In the laboratory, plasticity of personality traits take place whenever an animal is placed e. g. in a breeding box for the first time or is left for a long time in an experimental apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Riegert
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Petra Kolářová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Eliáš
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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12
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Smith SM, Eigerman AR, LeCure KM, Kironde E, Privett-Mendoza AG, Fuxjager MJ, Preininger D, Mangiamele LA. Androgen Receptor Modulates Multimodal Displays in the Bornean Rock Frog (Staurois parvus). Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:221-230. [PMID: 34009301 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimodal communication is common in the animal kingdom. It occurs when animals display by stimulating two or more receiver sensory systems, and often arises when selection favors multiple ways to send messages to conspecifics. Mechanisms of multimodal display behavior are poorly understood, particularly with respect to how animals coordinate the production of different signals. One important question is whether all components in a multimodal display share an underlying physiological basis, or whether different components are regulated independently. We investigated the influence of androgen receptors (ARs) on the production of both visual and vocal signal components in the multimodal display repertoire of the Bornean rock frog (Staurois parvus). To assess the role of AR in signal production, we treated reproductively active adult males with the antiandrogen flutamide (FLUT) and measured the performance of each component signal in the multimodal display. Our results show that blocking AR inhibited the production of multiple visual signals, including a conspicuous visual signal known as the "foot flag," which is produced by rotating the hind limb above the body. However, FLUT treatment caused no measurable change in vocal signaling behavior, or in the frequency or fine temporal properties of males' calls. Our study, therefore, suggests that activation of AR is not a physiological prerequisite to the coordination of multiple signals, in that it either does not regulate all signaling behaviors in a male's display repertoire or it does so only in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
| | - Amelia R Eigerman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
| | - Kerry M LeCure
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
| | - Eseza Kironde
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
| | | | - Matthew J Fuxjager
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Doris Preininger
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Zoo, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa A Mangiamele
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
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13
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Zhou W, Yu L, Kwek BZW, Jin G, Zeng H, Li D. Sexual selection on jumping spider color pattern: investigation with a new quantitative approach. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
How animals assess information encoded in individual color patches have been extensively studied, yet the role of both individual color patches and gross color pattern (i.e., the combination of color patches) remains understudied. We tested the functioning of both individual color patches and gross color pattern in sexual selection using the jumping spider Siler semiglaucus as a study system. We first quantified sexual dimorphism in S. semiglaucus in both individual patches and gross color pattern using the newly developed quantitative color pattern analysis (QCPA) framework. After detecting sexual differences in color coverage and pattern contrast, we manipulated the abdomen color pattern of males and had them engage in both female mate choice and male contest trials. Females spent more time watching males with lower pattern contrast and greater red coverage during mate assessment, suggesting that they evaluate information from both individual patches and gross color pattern of males. However, male color pattern had no significant effect on the outcomes of male contests. Thus, we suggest that the observed sexual color pattern dimorphism evolved primarily through female mate choice in S. semiglaucus. This is the first study to use QCPA framework to quantify sexual dimorphism in within-pattern conspicuousness from an intraspecific perspective in invertebrates. Our study also highlights the importance of both individual color patches and gross color pattern in sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering and Centre for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Bernetta Z W Kwek
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ge Jin
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, 70 Symonds Street, Grafton, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Hua Zeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research and Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Daiqin Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
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14
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Höök TO, Svanbäck R, Eklöv P. Sex-specific plasticity in a trophic polymorphic aquatic predator: a modeling approach. Oecologia 2021; 195:341-354. [PMID: 33420521 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04843-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is common among animal taxa. While there are clearly limits and likely costs to plasticity, these costs are unknown for most organisms. Further, as plasticity is partially genetically determined, the potential magnitude of exhibited plasticity may vary among individuals. In addition to phenotypic plasticity, various animal taxa also display sexual size dimorphism, a feature ultimately thought to arise due to differential size-dependent fitness costs and benefits between sexes. We hypothesized that differential selection acting on males and females can indirectly select for unequal genetically defined plasticity potential between the sexes. We evaluate this possibility for Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), a species that displays modest sexual size dimorphism and habitat-related morphological plasticity. Using 500-year simulations of an ecogenetic agent-based model, we demonstrate that genetically determined morphological plasticity potential may evolve differently for males and females, leading to greater realized morphological variation between habitats for one sex over the other. Genetically determined potential for plasticity evolved differently between sexes across (a) various sex-specific life-history differences and (b) a variety of assumed costs of plasticity acting on both growth and survival. Morphological analyses of Eurasian perch collected in situ were consistent with model predictions: realized morphological variation between habitats was greater for females than males. We suggest that due to sex-specific selective pressures, differences in male and female genetically defined potential for plasticity may be a common feature across organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas O Höök
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources and Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
| | - Richard Svanbäck
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, Norbyv. 18 D, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Eklöv
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology, Uppsala University, Norbyv. 18 D, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
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15
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Humeau L, Le Corre M, Reynolds SJ, Wearn C, Hennicke JC, Russell JC, Gomard Y, Magalon H, Pinet P, Gélin P, Couzi F, Bemanaja E, Tatayah V, Ousseni B, Rocamora G, Talbot P, Shah N, Bugoni L, Da Silva D, Jaeger A. Genetic structuring among colonies of a pantropical seabird: Implication for subspecies validation and conservation. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11886-11905. [PMID: 33209258 PMCID: PMC7663974 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations of the genetic structure of populations over the entire range of a species yield valuable information about connectivity among populations. Seabirds are an intriguing taxon in this regard because they move extensively when not breeding, facilitating intermixing of populations, but breed consistently on the same isolated islands, restricting gene flow among populations. The degree of genetic structuring of populations varies extensively among seabird species but they have been understudied in their tropical ranges. Here, we address this across a broad spatial scale by using microsatellite and mitochondrial data to explore the population connectivity of 13 breeding populations representing the six subspecies of the white-tailed tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus) in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Our primary aim was to identify appropriate conservation units for this little known species. Three morphometric characters were also examined in the subspecies. We found a clear pattern of population structuring with four genetic groups. The most ancient and the most isolated group was in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. The South Atlantic populations and South Mozambique Channel population on Europa were genetically isolated and may have had a common ancestor. Birds from the Indo-Pacific region showed unclear and weak genetic differentiation. This structuring was most well defined from nuclear and mtDNA markers but was less well resolved by morphological data. The validity of classifying white-tailed tropicbirds into six distinct subspecies is discussed in light of our new findings. From a conservation standpoint our results highlight that the three most threatened conservation units for this species are the two subspecies of the tropical North and South Atlantic Oceans and that of Europa Island in the Indian Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Humeau
- UMR PVBMTUniversité de La RéunionCIRADSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
| | - Matthieu Le Corre
- UMR ENTROPIEUniversité de La RéunionIRDCNRSSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
| | - Silas James Reynolds
- Centre for OrnithologySchool of BiosciencesCollege of Life & Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Army Ornithological Society (AOS)c/o Prince Consort LibraryAldershotHampshireUK
| | - Colin Wearn
- Royal Air Force Ornithological Society (RAFOS)Royal Air Force HeadquartersBuckinghamshireUK
| | - Janos C. Hennicke
- Department of Ecology and ConservationBiocentre GrindelUniversity of HamburgHamburgGermany
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de ChizéCEBC‐CNRSVilliers‐en‐BoisFrance
| | - James C. Russell
- UMR ENTROPIEUniversité de La RéunionIRDCNRSSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
- School of Biological Sciences and Department of StatisticsUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Yann Gomard
- UMR PIMITCNRSINSERMIRDUniversité de La RéunionPlateforme Technologique CYROISainte‐ClotildeLa RéunionFrance
| | - Hélène Magalon
- UMR ENTROPIEUniversité de La RéunionIRDCNRSSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
| | - Patrick Pinet
- UMR ENTROPIEUniversité de La RéunionIRDCNRSSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
- Parc National de La RéunionLa Plaine des PalmistesLa RéunionFrance
| | - Pauline Gélin
- UMR ENTROPIEUniversité de La RéunionIRDCNRSSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
| | | | - Etienne Bemanaja
- Centre National de Recherches Océanographiques (CNRO)Nosy BeMadagascar
| | | | | | - Gérard Rocamora
- Island Conservation SocietyMahéSeychelles
- Island Biodiversity and Conservation centreUniversity of SeychellesMahéSeychelles
| | | | - Nirmal Shah
- Nature SeychellesThe Center for Environment and EducationMahéSeychelles
| | - Leandro Bugoni
- Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)Rio GrandeBrazil
| | - Denis Da Silva
- UMR PVBMTUniversité de La RéunionCIRADSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
| | - Audrey Jaeger
- UMR ENTROPIEUniversité de La RéunionIRDCNRSSaint‐Denis Cedex 9La RéunionFrance
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16
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Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity describes the ability of a given genotype to produce different phenotypes in response to distinct environmental conditions. It has major implications in agronomy, animal husbandry and medicine and is also thought to facilitate evolution. Phenotypic plasticity is widely observed in the wild. It is only relatively recently that the mechanisms involved in phenotypic plasticity have been analysed. Thanks to laboratory experiments we understand better how environmental conditions are involved in phenotypic variations. This article introduces major concepts from the phenotypic plasticity field, presents briefly mechanisms involved in phenotypic plasticity and discusses the links between phenotypic plasticity and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Gibert
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7622, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (IBPS-LBD), 75005 Paris, France
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17
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McBrayer LD, Orton RW, Kinsey CT, Neel LK. Conservation and Management Strategies Create Opportunities for Integrative Organismal Research. Integr Comp Biol 2020; 60:509-521. [PMID: 32531064 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icaa069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation and management activities are geared toward the achievement of particular goals for a specific species, or groups of species, at the population level or higher. Conversely, organismal or functional research is typically organized by hypothesis tests or descriptive work that examines a broader theory studying individual organismal traits. Here, we outline how integrative organismal biologists might conduct mutually beneficial and meaningful research to inform or assist conservation and management biologists. We argue that studies of non-target species are very useful to both groups because non-target species can meet the goals of managers and organismal biologists alike, while also informing the other. We highlight our work on a threatened lizard species' thermal physiology, behavior, and color pattern-all of which are impacted by species management plans for sympatric, threatened, bird species. We show that management practices affect activity time, thermal adaptation, and substrate use, while also altering predation rates, crypsis, ectoparasite load, and sexual coloration in the study species. These case studies exemplify the challenges of conservation and management efforts for threatened or endangered species in that non-target species can be both positively and negatively affected by those efforts. Yet, the collaboration of organismal biologists with conservation and management efforts provides a productive system for mutually informative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance D McBrayer
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Richard W Orton
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, 337 Life Science Building, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Chase T Kinsey
- Department of Biological Sciences, 132 Long Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Lauren K Neel
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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18
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André GI, Firman RC, Simmons LW. The coevolution of male and female genitalia in a mammal: A quantitative genetic insight. Evolution 2020; 74:1558-1567. [PMID: 32490547 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Male genitalia are among the most phenotypically diverse morphological traits, and sexual selection is widely accepted as being responsible for their evolutionary divergence. Studies of house mice suggest that the shape of the baculum (penis bone) affects male reproductive fitness and experimentally imposed postmating sexual selection has been shown to drive divergence in baculum shape across generations. Much less is known of the morphology of female genitalia and its coevolution with male genitalia. In light of this, we used a paternal half-sibling design to explore patterns of additive genetic variation and covariation underlying baculum shape and female vaginal tract size in house mice (Mus musculus domesticus). We applied a landmark-based morphometrics approach to measure baculum size and shape in males and the length of the vaginal tract and width of the cervix in females. Our results reveal significant additive genetic variation in house mouse baculum morphology and cervix width, as well as evidence for genetic covariation between male and female genital measures. Our data thereby provide novel insight into the potential for the coevolutionary divergence of male and female genital traits in a mammal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo I André
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences (M092), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
| | - Renée C Firman
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences (M092), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
| | - Leigh W Simmons
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences (M092), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
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19
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Varón-González C, Fraimout A, Debat V. Drosophila suzukii wing spot size is robust to developmental temperature. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:3178-3188. [PMID: 32273979 PMCID: PMC7141071 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is an important mechanism allowing adaptation to new environments and as such it has been suggested to facilitate biological invasions. Under this assumption, invasive populations are predicted to exhibit stronger plastic responses than native populations. Drosophila suzukii is an invasive species whose males harbor a spot on the wing tip. In this study, by manipulating developmental temperature, we compare the phenotypic plasticity of wing spot size of two invasive populations with that of a native population. We then compare the results with data obtained from wild-caught flies from different natural populations. While both wing size and spot size are plastic to temperature, no difference in plasticity was detected between native and invasive populations, rejecting the hypothesis of a role of the wing-spot plasticity in the invasion success. In contrast, we observed a remarkable stability in the spot-to-wing ratio across temperatures, as well as among geographic populations. This stability suggests either that the spot relative size is under stabilizing selection, or that its variation might be constrained by a tight developmental correlation between spot size and wing size. Our data show that this correlation was lost at high temperature, leading to an increased variation in the relative spot size, particularly marked in the two invasive populations. This suggests: (a) that D. suzukii's development is impaired by hot temperatures, in agreement with the cold-adapted status of this species; (b) that the spot size can be decoupled from wing size, rejecting the hypothesis of an absolute constraint and suggesting that the wing color pattern might be under stabilizing (sexual) selection; and (c) that such sexual selection might be relaxed in the invasive populations. Finally, a subtle but consistent directional asymmetry in spot size was detected in favor of the right side in all populations and temperatures, possibly indicative of a lateralized sexual behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceferino Varón-González
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS Sorbonne Université EPHE Université des Antilles Paris France
| | - Antoine Fraimout
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS Sorbonne Université EPHE Université des Antilles Paris France
- Present address: Ecological Genetics Research Unit Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences Biocenter 3 University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Vincent Debat
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS Sorbonne Université EPHE Université des Antilles Paris France
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20
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Anichini M, Rebrina F, Reinhold K, Lehmann GU. Adaptive plasticity of bushcricket acoustic signalling in socially heterogeneous choruses. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Developmental differences between two marine turtle species and potential consequences for their survival at hatching. ZOOLOGY 2019; 136:125708. [PMID: 31541925 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2019.125708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Anatomical variation is a major source for natural selection. Marine turtles are endangered and survival predictions are of important biological, ecological, social, and political value. Here, we perform a preliminary study illustrating how comparative embryology permits understanding of ontogenetic variation as a contributor for evolutionary fitness. To that end, we studied samples of Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta embryos relative to a standardized staging system from the literature. We examined external anatomy using discrete characters in order to document interspecific variation during development of these species. We employed the 'Standard Event System to Study Vertebrate Embryos' to examine fitness-relevant structures. These include the limb paddles and elbows of Ch. mydas, which differentiate relatively late in ontogeny. We detected interspecific variation in the timing of trait differentiation - such as the egg tooth, closure of skull vault, carapace formation, and scale covering - and propose that these differences might be functionally and ecologically relevant for marine turtles.
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22
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Javůrková VG, Enbody ED, Kreisinger J, Chmel K, Mrázek J, Karubian J. Plumage iridescence is associated with distinct feather microbiota in a tropical passerine. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12921. [PMID: 31501471 PMCID: PMC6733896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Birds present a stunning diversity of plumage colors that have long fascinated evolutionary ecologists. Although plumage coloration is often linked to sexual selection, it may impact a number of physiological processes, including microbial resistance. At present, the degree to which differences between pigment-based vs. structural plumage coloration may affect the feather microbiota remains unanswered. Using quantitative PCR and DGGE profiling, we investigated feather microbial load, diversity and community structure among two allopatric subspecies of White-shouldered Fairywren, Malurus alboscapulatus that vary in expression of melanin-based vs. structural plumage coloration. We found that microbial load tended to be lower and feather microbial diversity was significantly higher in the plumage of black iridescent males, compared to black matte females and brown individuals. Moreover, black iridescent males had distinct feather microbial communities compared to black matte females and brown individuals. We suggest that distinctive nanostructure properties of iridescent male feathers or different investment in preening influence feather microbiota community composition and load. This study is the first to point to structural plumage coloration as a factor that may significantly regulate feather microbiota. Future work might explore fitness consequences and the role of microorganisms in the evolution of avian sexual dichromatism, with particular reference to iridescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Gvoždíková Javůrková
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Erik D Enbody
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jakub Kreisinger
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kryštof Chmel
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Mrázek
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 160 00, Prague-Krč, Czech Republic
| | - Jordan Karubian
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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23
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Delhey K. A review of Gloger's rule, an ecogeographical rule of colour: definitions, interpretations and evidence. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:1294-1316. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaspar Delhey
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University 25 Rainforest Walk, 3800 Clayton Victoria Australia
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24
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Andrade MC. Sexual selection and social context: Web-building spiders as emerging models for adaptive plasticity. ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.asb.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik I. Svensson
- Evolutionary Ecology Unit, Department of Biology Lund University Lund Sweden
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26
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Karin BR, Cicero C, Koo MS, Bowie RCK. The role of history and ecology as drivers of song divergence in Bell’s and Sagebrush sparrows (Artemisiospiza, Aves: Passerellidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Karin
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Carla Cicero
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michelle S Koo
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rauri C K Bowie
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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27
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Dresp-Langley B, Reeves A. Colour for Behavioural Success. Iperception 2018; 9:2041669518767171. [PMID: 29770183 PMCID: PMC5946649 DOI: 10.1177/2041669518767171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colour information not only helps sustain the survival of animal species by guiding sexual selection and foraging behaviour but also is an important factor in the cultural and technological development of our own species. This is illustrated by examples from the visual arts and from state-of-the-art imaging technology, where the strategic use of colour has become a powerful tool for guiding the planning and execution of interventional procedures. The functional role of colour information in terms of its potential benefits to behavioural success across the species is addressed in the introduction here to clarify why colour perception may have evolved to generate behavioural success. It is argued that evolutionary and environmental pressures influence not only colour trait production in the different species but also their ability to process and exploit colour information for goal-specific purposes. We then leap straight to the human primate with insight from current research on the facilitating role of colour cues on performance training with precision technology for image-guided surgical planning and intervention. It is shown that local colour cues in two-dimensional images generated by a surgical fisheye camera help individuals become more precise rapidly across a limited number of trial sets in simulator training for specific manual gestures with a tool. This facilitating effect of a local colour cue on performance evolution in a video-controlled simulator (pick-and-place) task can be explained in terms of colour-based figure-ground segregation facilitating attention to local image parts when more than two layers of subjective surface depth are present, as in all natural and surgical images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Dresp-Langley
- ICube UMR 7357, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, France
| | - Adam Reeves
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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28
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Bertolesi GE, McFarlane S. Seeing the light to change colour: An evolutionary perspective on the role of melanopsin in neuroendocrine circuits regulating light-mediated skin pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2018; 31:354-373. [PMID: 29239123 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Melanopsin photopigments, Opn4x and Opn4m, were evolutionary selected to "see the light" in systems that regulate skin colour change. In this review, we analyse the roles of melanopsins, and how critical evolutionary developments, including the requirement for thermoregulation and ultraviolet protection, the emergence of a background adaptation mechanism in land-dwelling amphibian ancestors and the loss of a photosensitive pineal gland in mammals, may have helped sculpt the mechanisms that regulate light-controlled skin pigmentation. These mechanisms include melanopsin in skin pigment cells directly inducing skin darkening for thermoregulation/ultraviolet protection; melanopsin-expressing eye cells controlling neuroendocrine circuits to mediate background adaptation in amphibians in response to surface-reflected light; and pineal gland secretion of melatonin phased to environmental illuminance to regulate circadian and seasonal variation in skin colour, a process initiated by melanopsin-expressing eye cells in mammals, and by as yet unknown non-visual opsins in the pineal gland of non-mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel E Bertolesi
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sarah McFarlane
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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29
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Schausberger P, Walzer A, Murata Y, Osakabe M. Low level of polyandry constrains phenotypic plasticity of male body size in mites. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188924. [PMID: 29190832 PMCID: PMC5708631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyandry, i.e. females mating with multiple males, is more common than previously anticipated and potentially provides both direct and indirect fitness benefits to females. The level of polyandry (defined by the lifetime number of male mates of a female) is an important determinant of the occurrence and intensity of sexual selection acting on male phenotypes. While the forces of sexual selection acting on phenotypic male traits such as body size are relatively well understood, sexual selection acting on phenotypic plasticity of these traits is unexplored. We tackled this issue by scrutinizing the link between polyandry and phenotypic plasticity of male body size in two sympatric plant-inhabiting predatory mite species, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Neoseiulus californicus. These two species are similar in life history, ecological niche requirements, mating behavior, polygyny and female body size plasticity but strikingly differ in the level of both polyandry and phenotypic plasticity of male body size (both lower in P. persimilis). We hypothesized that deviations from standard body size, i.e. the size achieved under favorable conditions, incur higher costs for males in the less polyandrous P. persimilis. To test our hypotheses, we conducted two experiments on (i) the effects of male body size on spermatophore transfer in singly mating females and (ii) the effects of mate sequence (switching the order of standard-sized and small males) on mating behavior and paternity success in doubly mating females. In P. persimilis but not N. californicus, small males transferred fewer but larger spermatophores to the females; in both species, females re-mated more likely with standard-sized following small than small following standard-sized males; in P. persimilis, first standard-sized males sired a higher proportion of offspring produced after re-mating by the female than first small males, whereas in N. californicus the paternity success of small and standard-sized males was independent of the mating sequence. Based on our results and pertinent previous studies, which showed that females of P. persimilis, but not N. californicus, prefer mating with standard-sized over small males and allow them fertilizing more eggs, the lack of interspecific difference in female body size plasticity, and the absence of any clue pointing at a role of natural selection, we suggest that the interspecific difference in male body size plasticity is sexually selected. Our study provides an indication of sexual selection constraining plasticity of male phenotypes, suggesting that the level of polyandry may be an important co-determinant of the level of phenotypic plasticity of male body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schausberger
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Group of Arthropod Ecology and Behavior, Department of Crop Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Andreas Walzer
- Group of Arthropod Ecology and Behavior, Department of Crop Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yasumasa Murata
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Osakabe
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Interactions between the developmental and adult social environments mediate group dynamics and offspring traits in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3574. [PMID: 28620201 PMCID: PMC5472581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental conditions can strongly influence adult phenotypes and social interactions, which in turn affect key evolutionary processes such as sexual selection and sexual conflict. While the implications of social interactions in phenotypically mixed populations at the individual level are increasingly well known, how these effects influence the fate of groups remains poorly understood, which limits our understanding of the broader ecological implications. To address this problem we manipulated adult phenotypes and social composition in Drosophila melanogaster – by experimentally manipulating the larval density of the group-members – and measured a range of group-level outcomes across the lifespan of groups. Adult groups composed of exclusively low larval-density individuals showed high courtship levels, and low early reproductive rates, group growth rates, offspring mass and offspring eclosion success, relative to high larval-density or mixed larval-density groups. Furthermore, high larval-density groups had lower survival. Offspring mass increased with time, but at a reduced rate in groups when male group members (but not females) were from a mixture of larval-densities; peak reproductive rates were also earlier in these groups. Our results suggest that that variation in developmental conditions experienced by adult group members can modify the reproductive output of groups.
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Krohn AR, Rosenblum EB. Geographic Color Variation and Physiological Color Change in Eastern Collared Lizards (Crotaphytus collaris) from Southern New Mexico, USA. HERPETOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-15-00074.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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COMPARATIVE TEMPORAL DISCOLOURATION OF DRY MUSEUM SPECIMENS OF MOUNTAIN BLACKEYE (Chlorocharis emiliae). BORNEO JOURNAL OF RESOURCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.33736/bjrst.261.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plumage colour studies using museum skins is one of the ways to understand species evolution and plumage polymorphism. The invaluable scientific information on a single historic specimen should be well-presented in the most regarded form of quality skin. However, aging plumage feathers are hypothetically susceptible to colour fading therefore doubting the relevant of using old specimens for plumage colour assessment. We examined the colour changes in 36 museum specimens by conducting series of Munsell colour scoring by comparing recent and old skins of mountain blackye (Chlorocharis emiliae), at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) and Sarawak Museum (SM). The year-gap of both sets of specimens ranged from 52 to 75 years. Eight plumage characters included in this study were crown, supercilium, auricular, mantle, rump, breast, belly and vent. The results revealed that the head (crown and auricular) and underparts (breast and vent) tend to fade extensively overtime compared to the upperparts. Therefore the results of this study support the earlier findings that aging plumage feathers are susceptible to colour fading.
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Umbers KDL, Silla AJ, Bailey JA, Shaw AK, Byrne PG. Dietary carotenoids change the colour of Southern corroboree frogs. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate D. L. Umbers
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions; School of Biological Sciences; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology; University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6008 Australia
- School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Hawkesbury Richmond NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Aimee J. Silla
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions; School of Biological Sciences; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Joseph A. Bailey
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions; School of Biological Sciences; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Allison K. Shaw
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior; University of Minnesota; Saint Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Phillip G. Byrne
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions; School of Biological Sciences; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
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Ab Ghani NI, Herczeg G, Merilä J. Effects of perceived predation risk and social environment on the development of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) morphology. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul I. Ab Ghani
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit; Department of Biosciences; University of Helsinki; PO Box 65 FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; University of Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Gábor Herczeg
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit; Department of Biosciences; University of Helsinki; PO Box 65 FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
- Behavioural Ecology Group; Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology; Eötvös Loránd University; Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c H-1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit; Department of Biosciences; University of Helsinki; PO Box 65 FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
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Grenier S, Barre P, Litrico I. Phenotypic Plasticity and Selection: Nonexclusive Mechanisms of Adaptation. SCIENTIFICA 2016; 2016:7021701. [PMID: 27313957 PMCID: PMC4895053 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7021701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Selection and plasticity are two mechanisms that allow the adaptation of a population to a changing environment. Interaction between these nonexclusive mechanisms must be considered if we are to understand population survival. This review discusses the ways in which plasticity and selection can interact, based on a review of the literature on selection and phenotypic plasticity in the evolution of populations. The link between selection and phenotypic plasticity is analysed at the level of the individual. Plasticity can affect an individual's response to selection and so may modify the end result of genetic diversity evolution at population level. Genetic diversity increases the ability of populations or communities to adapt to new environmental conditions. Adaptive plasticity increases individual fitness. However this effect must be viewed from the perspective of the costs of plasticity, although these are not easy to estimate. It is becoming necessary to engage in new experimental research to demonstrate the combined effects of selection and plasticity for adaptation and their consequences on the evolution of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Grenier
- INRA, UR004, P3F, RD 150, Site du Chêne, BP 86006, 86600 Lusignan, France
| | - P. Barre
- INRA, UR004, P3F, RD 150, Site du Chêne, BP 86006, 86600 Lusignan, France
| | - I. Litrico
- INRA, UR004, P3F, RD 150, Site du Chêne, BP 86006, 86600 Lusignan, France
- *I. Litrico:
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36
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Manenti T, Loeschcke V, Moghadam NN, Sørensen JG. Phenotypic plasticity is not affected by experimental evolution in constant, predictable or unpredictable fluctuating thermal environments. J Evol Biol 2015; 28:2078-87. [PMID: 26299271 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The selective past of populations is presumed to affect the levels of phenotypic plasticity. Experimental evolution at constant temperatures is generally expected to lead to a decreased level of plasticity due to presumed costs associated with phenotypic plasticity when not needed. In this study, we investigated the effect of experimental evolution in constant, predictable and unpredictable daily fluctuating temperature regimes on the levels of phenotype plasticity in several life history and stress resistance traits in Drosophila simulans. Contrary to the expectation, evolution in the different regimes did not affect the levels of plasticity in any of the traits investigated even though the populations from the different thermal regimes had evolved different stress resistance and fitness trait means. Although costs associated with phenotypic plasticity are known, our results suggest that the maintenance of phenotypic plasticity might come at low and negligible costs, and thus, the potential of phenotypic plasticity to evolve in populations exposed to different environmental conditions might be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Manenti
- Department of Bioscience, Section for Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - V Loeschcke
- Department of Bioscience, Section for Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - N N Moghadam
- Department of Bioscience, Section for Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - J G Sørensen
- Department of Bioscience, Section for Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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37
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Tryptophan hydroxylase Is Required for Eye Melanogenesis in the Planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127074. [PMID: 26017970 PMCID: PMC4446096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanins are ubiquitous and biologically important pigments, yet the molecular mechanisms that regulate their synthesis and biochemical composition are not fully understood. Here we present a study that supports a role for serotonin in melanin synthesis in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. We characterize the tryptophan hydroxylase (tph) gene, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin synthesis, and demonstrate by RNA interference that tph is essential for melanin production in the pigment cups of the planarian photoreceptors. We exploit this phenotype to investigate the biological function of pigment cups using a quantitative light-avoidance behavioral assay. Planarians lacking eye pigment remain phototactic, indicating that eye pigmentation is not essential for light avoidance in S. mediterranea, though it improves the efficiency of the photophobic response. Finally, we show that the eye pigmentation defect observed in tph knockdown animals can be rescued by injection of either the product of TPH, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), or serotonin. Together, these results highlight a role for serotonin in melanogenesis, perhaps as a regulatory signal or as a pigment substrate. To our knowledge, this is the first example of this relationship to be reported outside of mammalian systems.
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38
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Romero-Haro AA, Canelo T, Alonso-Alvarez C. Early development conditions and the oxidative cost of social context in adulthood: an experimental study in birds. Front Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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39
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40
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Atwell A, Wagner WE. Female mate choice plasticity is affected by the interaction between male density and female age in a field cricket. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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41
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Atwell JW, Cardoso GC, Whittaker DJ, Price TD, Ketterson ED. Hormonal, Behavioral, and Life-History Traits Exhibit Correlated Shifts in Relation to Population Establishment in a Novel Environment. Am Nat 2014; 184:E147-60. [DOI: 10.1086/678398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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42
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West-Eberhard MJ. Darwin's forgotten idea: The social essence of sexual selection. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 46 Pt 4:501-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Dubey S, Roulin A. Evolutionary and biomedical consequences of internal melanins. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2014; 27:327-38. [DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Dubey
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Biophore Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Roulin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Biophore Lausanne Switzerland
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44
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Arbuthnott D, Rundle HD. Misalignment of natural and sexual selection among divergently adapted Drosophila melanogaster populations. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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45
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Riga A, Belcastro MG, Moggi-Cecchi J. Environmental stress increases variability in the expression of dental cusps. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2013; 153:397-407. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Riga
- Department of Biological; Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna; 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Belcastro
- Department of Biological; Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna; 40126 Bologna Italy
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46
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Firman RC, Simmons LW. Sperm competition risk generates phenotypic plasticity in ovum fertilizability. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20132097. [PMID: 24132308 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Theory predicts that sperm competition will generate sexual conflict that favours increased ovum defences against polyspermy. A recent study on house mice has shown that ovum resistance to fertilization coevolves in response to increased sperm fertilizing capacity. However, the capacity for the female gamete to adjust its fertilizability as a strategic response to sperm competition risk has never, to our knowledge, been studied. We sourced house mice (Mus domesticus) from natural populations that differ in the level of sperm competition and sperm fertilizing capacity, and manipulated the social experience of females during their sexual development to simulate conditions of either a future 'risk' or 'no risk' of sperm competition. Consistent with coevolutionary predictions, we found lower fertilization rates in ova produced by females from a high sperm competition population compared with ova from a low sperm competition population, indicating that these populations are divergent in the fertilizability of their ova. More importantly, females exposed to a 'risk' of sperm competition produced ova that had greater resistance to fertilization than ova produced by females reared in an environment with 'no risk'. Consequently, we show that variation in sperm competition risk during development generates phenotypic plasticity in ova fertilizability, which allows females to prepare for prevailing conditions during their reproductive life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée C Firman
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology (M092), University of Western Australia, , Nedlands 6009, Australia
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47
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Bertram SM, Harrison SJ, Thomson IR, Fitzsimmons LP. Adaptive plasticity in wild field cricket's acoustic signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69247. [PMID: 23935965 PMCID: PMC3720581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity can be adaptive when phenotypes are closely matched to changes in the environment. In crickets, rhythmic fluctuations in the biotic and abiotic environment regularly result in diel rhythms in density of sexually active individuals. Given that density strongly influences the intensity of sexual selection, we asked whether crickets exhibit plasticity in signaling behavior that aligns with these rhythmic fluctuations in the socio-sexual environment. We quantified the acoustic mate signaling behavior of wild-caught males of two cricket species, Gryllus veletis and G. pennsylvanicus. Crickets exhibited phenotypically plastic mate signaling behavior, with most males signaling more often and more attractively during the times of day when mating activity is highest in the wild. Most male G. pennsylvanicus chirped more often and louder, with shorter interpulse durations, pulse periods, chirp durations, and interchirp durations, and at slightly higher carrier frequencies during the time of the day that mating activity is highest in the wild. Similarly, most male G. veletis chirped more often, with more pulses per chirp, longer interpulse durations, pulse periods, and chirp durations, shorter interchirp durations, and at lower carrier frequencies during the time of peak mating activity in the wild. Among-male variation in signaling plasticity was high, with some males signaling in an apparently maladaptive manner. Body size explained some of the among-male variation in G. pennsylvanicus plasticity but not G. veletis plasticity. Overall, our findings suggest that crickets exhibit phenotypically plastic mate attraction signals that closely match the fluctuating socio-sexual context they experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Bertram
- Department of Biology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ian R. Thomson
- Department of Biology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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48
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49
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Oh KP, Shaw KL. Multivariate sexual selection in a rapidly evolving speciation phenotype. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20130482. [PMID: 23760640 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Estimating the fitness surface of rapidly evolving secondary sexual traits can elucidate the origins of sexual isolation and thus speciation. Evidence suggests that sexual selection is highly complex in nature, often acting on multivariate sexual characters that sometimes include non-heritable components of variation, thus presenting a challenge for predicting patterns of sexual trait evolution. Laupala crickets have undergone an explosive species radiation marked by divergence in male courtship song and associated female preferences, yet patterns of sexual selection that might explain this diversification remain unknown. We used female phonotaxis trials to estimate the fitness surface for acoustic characters within one population of Laupala cerasina, a species with marked geographical variation in male song and female preferences. Results suggested significant directional sexual selection on three major song traits, while canonical rotation of the matrix of nonlinear selection coefficients (γ) revealed the presence of significant convex (stabilizing) sexual selection along combinations of characters. Analysis of song variation within and among males indicated significantly higher repeatability along the canonical axis of greatest stabilizing selection than along the axis of greatest linear selection. These results are largely consistent with patterns of song divergence that characterize speciation and suggest that different song characters have the potential to indicate distinct information to females during courtship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Oh
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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50
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Firman RC, Klemme I, Simmons LW. Strategic adjustments in sperm production within and between two island populations of house mice. Evolution 2013; 67:3061-70. [PMID: 24094355 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sperm production is physiologically costly. Consequently, males are expected to be prudent in their sperm production, and tailor their expenditure according to prevailing social conditions. Differences in sperm production have been found across island populations of house mice that differ in the level of selection from sperm competition. Here, we determined the extent to which these differences represent phenotypic plasticity and/or population divergence in sperm production. We sourced individuals from two populations at the extreme levels of sperm competition, and raised them under common-garden conditions while manipulating the social experience of developing males. Males from the high-sperm competition population produced more sperm and better quality sperm than did males from the low-sperm competition population. In addition, males reared under a perceived "risk" of sperm competition produced greater numbers of sperm than males reared with "no risk." However, our analyses revealed that phenotypic plasticity in sperm production was greater for individuals from the high-sperm competition population. Our results are thus consistent with both population divergence and phenotypic plasticity in sperm production, and suggest that population level of sperm competition might affect the degree of adaptive plasticity in sperm production in response to sperm competition risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée C Firman
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology (M092), University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, Australia.
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